人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 Teenage life教学设计

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 Teenage life教学设计，共36页。
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清晰完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。
D yu knw the girl wh just came in?
你认识那个刚刚进来的女孩吗？(若把从句去掉，则不明白是哪个女孩)
The ld wman，wh lives n her wn，has a cat fr cmpany.
这个老妇人一个人住，养了一只猫陪伴她。(若把从句去掉，仍然知道是哪个老妇人)
[即时训练1] 单句语法填空
①My huse，which I bught last year，has gt a lvely garden.
②The by that/wh brke the windw is called Tm.
一、只用that不用which的情况
1．先行词是不定代词all，much，little，smething，everything，anything，nthing，nne等或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时。
D yu have anything that yu want t say fr yurself?
你有什么要为自己说的吗？
2．先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the nly，the very (恰恰，正好)，the last，all，n，few，little，any等修饰时。
This is ne f the mst exciting ftball games that I have ever seen.
这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。
This is the nly thing that we can d nw.
这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。
3．先行词既有人又有物时。
The scientist and his achievements that yu tld me abut are admired by us all.
你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就为我们所有人所钦佩。
4．当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也作表语时。
Shanghai is n lnger the city that it used t be.
上海不再是过去的那座城市了。
5．当主句的主语是疑问词wh或which时。
Wh is the persn that is standing at the gate?
站在门口的那个人是谁？
[即时训练2] 单句语法填空
①He was lking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.
②Here is the bk abut which I tld yu yesterday.
③This is the best way that is t be used against pllutin.
二、只用which不用that的情况
1．引导非限制性定语从句。
Helen was much kinder t her yungest sn than t the thers，which，f curse，made the thers envy him.
海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多，这当然使其他的儿子很嫉妒她的小儿子。
2．关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前。
This is the huse in which Lu Xun nce lived.
这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。
3．引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体或部分概念。
The result was nt the same as they had expected，which was rather disappinting.
结果与当初预料的不一样，这令人很失望。
[即时训练3] 单句语法填空
①Tm came back，which made us very happy.
②The huse in which I used t live has becme a she shp.
三、 宜用wh不宜用that的情况
1．当先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：ne，nes，anyne。
Anyne wh des that must be mad.
谁那样做都一定是疯了。
2．当先行词是I，yu，he，they等人称代词时(常用于谚语中)。
He wh desn't reach the Great Wall is nt a true man.不到长城非好汉。
3．当先行词为指人的thse时。
Thse wh have gd manners will be highly respected.那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的高度尊重。
4．在there be结构中，先行词是指人的名词时。
There is a yung man wh wants t see yu.
有一个年轻人想见你。
[即时训练4] 单句语法填空
①D yu knw the nes wh mved here recently?
②They wh live lngest will see mst.
③Thse wh were nce fr him have turned against him.
四、关系代词作介词的宾语
关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词＋关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which，whm或whse。
介词的选用
(1)根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确定。
先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方式等的词，它与介词之间有一定的联系。
D yu still remember the days during which we wrked tgether?
你还记得我们在一起工作的那些日子吗？
(2)根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定介词。
该动词或形容词常与某些介词构成固定搭配。
The scial prblem abut which the tw sides are debating with each ther is a very serius ne.(debate with 就……与某人展开辩论)
双方正在展开辩论的社会问题是很严重的一个问题。
[名师点津]
关系代词作间接宾语时，用t或fr。
The girl that Tm gave the dictinary t is very pretty.
汤姆给她字典的那个姑娘很可爱。
I knw the by whm yu bught a white hat fr.
我认识你给他买白帽子那个男孩。
(3)根据句子的意思确定介词。
有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词也不是固定的动词短语。这时，需要根据句子所要表达的意思选用不同的介词。
Water is f great imprtance，withut which peple can nt live.
水是很重要的，没有它人们就无法生存。
This is the bk abut which yu have talked t me.
这是你曾经给我谈起的那本书。
This is the bk n the cver f which there is a map f China.
这是封面上有张中国地图的那本书。
[名师点津]
有些以介词结尾的短语动词，如lk fr，lk after，send fr，call n，cme acrss，lng fr等，不可拆开把介词置于关系代词之前。
The dctr that yu sent fr has nt cme yet.
你派人去请的那个医生还没有来。
This is the baby whm yu will lk after.
这就是你将要照看的那个婴儿。
[即时训练5] 单句语法填空
①His brther，with whm I went t the park，tk a lt f pictures there.
②English is ne f the mst interesting subjects in which I'm interested.
③He brke his glasses，withut which he can't see anything.
五、关系代词的省略
关系代词在从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。
The man (whm/wh) yu saw just nw is ur manager.
你刚才见到的那个人是我们的经理。
Is there anything (that) I can d fr yu?
有什么我能为你效劳的吗？
[即时训练6] 请用正确的关系代词填空并用括号标出可以省略的关系代词
①This is the mst interesting stry (that) I have ever read.
②He ften helps the students wh he thinks are nt quick at their study.
③Wh was the wman (that) yu were talking with?
单句语法填空
1．This is the student fr whm I bught a bk.
2．This is the ship by which I went t Shanghai.
3．Is this the car fr which yu paid a high price?
4．This is the pilt with whm my father has wrked fr ten years.
5．What is the first American film that yu have seen?
6．All that can be dne has been dne.
7．She described in her cmpsitin the peple and places that impressed her mst.
8．He has a walk every night，which des gd t him.
9．The film that/which yu are lking frward t seeing will be n tmrrw.
10．We dn't knw the number f peple wh/that lst their hmes in the disaster.
语 境 自 主 领 悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
1.There was nt much (that) we culd d when it was raining.
2.That is all that wrks.
3.Wh is the girl that he gave the flwer t？
4.The lady I wrte the pem fr was my sister.
5.This is the great writer t whm ur teacher was referring.
6.He received the email (that) he was lking frward t.
1.例句1先行词much和例句2先行词all后用that，不用which，作定语从句的宾语时可以省略。
2.例句3、4中关系代词作动词的间接宾语时，用t或fr，无关系代词时，也要用t或fr。
3.例句5中介词置于从句之首，关系代词whm之前。
4.例句6中定语从句的谓语动词如果是以介词结尾的短语动词，则不可把介词移至从句之首。