四川省成都列五中学2023-2024学年高二英语上学期10月月考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份四川省成都列五中学2023-2024学年高二英语上学期10月月考试题（Word版附解析），共35页。试卷主要包含了 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023-2024学年度(上)阶段性考试(一)
高2022级 英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When does the conversation take place?
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the evening.
2. What are the speakers discussing?
A. The place for lunch. B. Their dinner plans. C. The woman’s breakfast.
3. Why is the woman upset?
A. She is laughed at by her neighbor.
B. She is misunderstood by her neighbor.
C. She is worried about her neighbor.
4 Where will the speakers probably go tonight?
A. To the restaurant. B. To the supermarket. C. To the cinema.
5. How does the woman probably feel right now?
A. Panicked. B. Relaxed. C. Disappointed.
第二节 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，完成以下小题。
6. Where are the speakers probably?
A. At home. B. At a restaurant. C. At Susans house.
7. Who is Susan probably?
A. Mrs. Johnson’s sister. B. A babysitter. C. A waitress.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Waiter and customer. C. Boss and employee.
9. How many people have the meal together?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. What gifts to buy for families.
B. How to celebrate Thanksgiving.
C. What to eat at the dinner party.
11. Where will the woman spend her Thanksgiving?
A. At her home. B. At her mother’s. C. At the man’s.
12. What food is more popular in the woman’s family?
A. Mashed potatoes. B. Fruit salads. C. Pumpkin pie.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Who is the man?
A. A reporter. B. A student. C. A teacher.
14. How did the man know about the woman?
A. From his chemistry teacher.
B. From a popular magazine.
C. From his friends.
15. What does the man invite the woman to do?
A. Watch a short movie. B. Have a boat trip. C. Visit his room.
16. What is the similarity between the speakers?
A. They are unfamiliar with the campus.
B. They both know the short cuts here.
C. They are good at reading maps.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is the speech mainly about?
A. How to make good impressions.
B. How first impressions are formed.
C. How to avoid bad first impressions.
18. Which makes up the most percentage?
A. How you look. B. How you sound. C. What you say.
19. How long do people get first impressions?
A. Within 7 seconds. B. Within 10 seconds. C. Within 17 seconds.
20. What can we learn from the speech?
A. First impressions can’t be changed easily.
B. What you say is more important than how you sound.
C. It’s not so hard to change the wrong impression.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
City Information Sheet
The city has several services and events each year that may interest you and are listed below:
•The city has an Animal Control Office that enforces laws for dogs and cats running at large in the city. All dogs and cats are required to be leashed (系住) unless they are kept inside your house. You can contact Dispatch to report animals running without the owner’s company.
•Each family is allowed two two-day yard sales per calendar year. You don’t have to get a permit before you hold a yard sale in the city limits.
•The city requires anyone doing business in the city to first obtain a business license. This license can be obtained from the City Hall.
Spring Cleanup — Held for one week in spring each year. Citizens may place unwanted furniture at the road edge in front of their location and the Spring Cleanup Crew (SCC) will remove them at the end of the event. If any nonresident is putting garbage at your address or in your neighborhood, please get the license plate number and description of the vehicles. Call City Council Center at 270-265-2501 to report it. The SCC is not authorized to take your garbage, so please place your daily garbage in the proper trash can.
Harvest Festival — Street festival with live music, children's activities, food stands, arts and crafts, fashion clothing and much, much more! The festival is sponsored by the Community Alliance and is held annually on the first Saturday in October.
Leaf Pickup — During the month of October, citizens may take the leaves to the road edge and the city will remove them. The machine will not vacuum(吸走)up sticks.
Elkton Bike Night — Every Thursday night, currently from May through September, the city welcomes cycle enthusiasts from around the region. Local food stands set up, restaurants have specials and the Todd County Community Alliance provides live entertainment such as live bands, karaoke or radio music. Even if you are not a cycle rider, everyone is welcome to join us for the free entertainment and food!
1. Which organization should you report to when spotting a dog running alone outside?
A. Dispatch. B. Animal Control Office.
C. City Council Center. D. The Community Alliance.
2. Who need to get a license from the City Hall?
A. A couple preparing to hold a yard sale.
B. A retired man planning to open a bike shop.
C. A businessman organising a charity event.
D. A neighbor placing the unwanted furniture.
3. Which of the following statements about events is true?
A. The city events cover all the seasons of a year.
B. Machines are used to collect the leaves and sticks.
C. The fun of Elkton Bike Night is not limited to cycling.
D. The SCC can take daily garbage away if properly placed.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四种城市活动项目，体现了现代生活有章可循。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“You can contact Dispatch to report animals running without the owner’s company.(你可以联系Dispatch举报没有主人陪伴的动物)”可知，当你发现没有主人陪伴的动物，你可以联系Dispatch。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The city requires anyone doing business in the city to first obtain a business license. This license can be obtained from the City Hall.(该市要求任何在该市经商的人首先获得营业执照。这执照可向市政厅申请)”可知，在该市经商的人需要获得营业执照。由此推知，B项A retired man planning to open a bike shop.(一个打算开自行车店的退休男子)是需要执照的人。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Even if you are not a cycle rider, everyone is welcome to join us for the free entertainment and food!(即使你不是自行车骑手，也欢迎加入我们的免费娱乐和美食！)”可知，Elkton Bike Night不止有自行车活动，还可以享受美食和娱乐。即Elkton Bike Night的乐趣不限于骑自行车。故选C。
B
One evening last summer, when I asked my 14 year old son, Ray, for help with dinner, his response shocked me. “What’s a colander (漏勺)? ” he asked.
I could only blame myself. In the family, nobody else’s hands went in the sauce except my own. But that night, as I explained with a touch of panic that a colander is the thing with holes in it, I wondered what else I hadn’t prepared Ray for.
As parents, while we focus on our sons’ confidence and character, we perhaps don’t always consider that we are also raising someone’s future roommates, boyfriends, husbands, or fathers. I wanted to know that I’d raised a boy who would never ask the woman in his life, “What’s for dinner?” So I came up with a plan: I would offer Ray a private home economics course. I was delighted to find that he didn’t say no. For two hours, three days a week, Ray was all mine. One day, as his tomato sauce reduced on the stove, he washed and seasoned a chicken for roasting. Then he rolled out the piecrust (馅饼皮) and filled it with apples, all while listening to my explanation on the importance of preheating an oven.
I knew that he would rather have been shooting hoops in the driveway than learning to mend socks with his mother — he tried to beg not to have sewing lessons, even though I insisted that one day, someone would find the sight of him fixing his own shirt very attractive — but it couldn’t be denied that he was learning, and more than just housekeeping. “I appreciate what you do as a mom,” he told me one day. Ray now understands the finer points of cooking, and more importantly, he realizes there’s nothing masculine (男子气概的) about being helpless.
Now, not only can he make his own dinner, but he can make a big meal for his family. That’s what I call a man. I’m glad I prepared so great a present for my future daughter in-law.
4. Why was the author shocked at her son’s response?
A. Because he was not well behaved.
B. Because he refused to help with dinner.
C. Because he didn’t know the common kitchen tools.
D. Because he was very curious about kitchen tools.
5. In the author’s opinion, some parents pay little attention to _________.
A. building up children’s confidence B. telling kids what is right and wrong
C. preparing children for their future life D. making children live a hard life
6. We can infer from the text that Ray _________.
A. made great progress in cooking B. always thought housework interesting
C. preferred sewing to cooking D. was unwilling to learn cooking at first
7. What would the author like to convey in the text?
A. Useful education for boys. B. The importance of housework.
C. Cooking and sewing make boys masculine. D. Boys should be involved in housework.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，母亲震惊于儿子连漏勺都不认识，决心让儿子学家务，培养儿子成为一个真正的男人的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“One evening last summer, when I asked my 14 year old son, Ray, for help with dinner, his response shocked me. “What’s a colander (漏勺)? ” he asked. (去年夏天的一个晚上，当我向14岁的儿子雷寻求晚餐帮助时，他的回答让我震惊。“漏勺是什么？”他问道)”可知，儿子对厨房里的基本用具不知道，这使作者感到吃惊。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中“But that night, as I explained with a touch of panic that a colander is the thing with holes in it, I wondered what else I hadn’t prepared Ray for. (但那天晚上，当我带着一丝恐慌解释漏勺就是有洞的东西时，我想知道我还没有为雷做什么准备)”和第三段中“As parents, while we focus on our sons’ confidence and character, we perhaps don’t always consider that we are also raising someone’s future roommates, boyfriends, husbands, or fathers. (作为父母，当我们关注儿子的自信和性格时，我们可能并不总是认为我们也在抚养某人未来的室友、男朋友、丈夫或父亲)”可知，有父母只关注孩子自信和性格的培养，结合作者儿子连漏勺都不认识，可知有父母忽视对孩子未来生活的准备。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中“Now, not only can he make his own dinner, but he can make a big meal for his family. (现在，他不仅可以自己做晚饭，还可以为家人做大餐)”可知，雷在烹饪方面取得了很大的进步。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，母亲震惊于儿子连漏勺都不认识，决心让儿子学家务，培养儿子成为一个真正的男人的故事，再结合最后一段中“That’s what I call a man. I’m glad I prepared so great a present for my future daughter in-law. (这就是我所说的男人。我很高兴我为我未来的儿媳准备了这么好的礼物)”可知，作者认为男孩应该参与家务劳动。故选D项。
C
We’re on the edge of a new age of interconnectedness, when the daily lives of people across the planet will be more closely connected than ever. Advances in technology will lead in the age of fifth generation, or 5G, telecommunications. And this technological evolution will lead to dramatic changes.
The first generation of mobile communications, with brick-sized phones, brought just a handful of users expensive and often unreliable voice calling. The second generation introduced digital voice service that was less likely to be dropped, available to many more people and finally cheaper to use. 3G led to a revolution in the mobile Internet, mobile computing, and the increase of apps. 4G made it possible that all we have come to expect of mobile broadband. We take all this connectivity for granted, but the engineering inside the device in your bag or pocket today would have seemed impossible less than 20 years ago.
So, where will 5G take us? Think about a world in which not just people but all things are connected: cars to the roads they are on; doctors to the personal medical devices of their patients; augmented reality (AR) available to help people shop and learn and explore wherever they are. This requires a massive increase in the level of connectivity. 5G is the technological answer, making possible billions of new connections, and making those connections secure. 5G will impact every industry — autos, healthcare, manufacturing and distribution, emergency services, just to name a few. And 5G is purposely designed so that these industries can take advantage of cellular connectivity in ways that wouldn’t have been possible before, and to scale upwards as use of 5G expands.
But generational change in mobile communications doesn’t just appear overnight. It requires significant effort in research and development and the resources necessary to support that effort. Work on 4G took nearly a decade and the challenges were not easy. There is promise yet in what we’re capable of achieving.
8. What can we infer from the first four generations?
A. 1G is big, expensive and stable. B. 2G is not expensive for the poor.
C. 3G allows the mobile to connect to the Internet. D. 4G is beyond all that we expect.
9. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. 5G brings a revolutionary reform. B. 5G benefits lots of industries.
C. 5G expands too fast to follow. D. 5G requires high connectivity.
10. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A. Early birds catch the worms. B. Rome was not built in a day.
C. Knowledge starts with practice. D. Birds of a feather flock together.
11. What does the author think of the generational change?
A. Significant and effective. B. Difficult and worthless.
C. Challenging but promising. D. Necessary but impossible.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了5G的发展给人们的生活和社会的发展带来了巨大变化，对于未来5G技术的发展，作者认为这其中既有希望也有挑战。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中“The first generation of mobile communications, with brick-sized phones, brought just a handful of users expensive and often unreliable voice calling. The second generation introduced digital voice service that was less likely to be dropped, available to many more people and finally cheaper to use. 3G led to a revolution in the mobile Internet, mobile computing, and the increase of apps. 4G made it possible that all we have come to expect of mobile broadband. (第一代移动通信采用砖块大小的手机，只为少数用户带来了昂贵且往往不可靠的语音通话。第二代引入了数字语音服务，这种服务不太可能被放弃，可供更多人使用，最终使用成本更低。3G引领了移动互联网、移动计算和应用程序的发展。4G使我们所期待的移动宽带成为可能)”可知，1G体积大、价格昂贵、不稳定，A项“1G体积大、价格昂贵且稳定”错误；2G网络更便宜，但没有体现它对穷人来说也是廉价的，B项“2G对穷人来说并不昂贵”混淆概念，错误；4G只是达到了我们对移动宽带的所有期望，D项“4G超出了我们的预期”过于绝对，错误；3G使得移动设备可接入网络，可使用的软件也随之增多。故选C项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。由第三段中“So, where will 5G take us? (那么，5G将把我们带向何方？)” 和“5G is the technological answer, making possible billions of new connections, and making those connections secure. 5G will impact every industry — autos, healthcare, manufacturing and distribution, emergency services, just to name a few. And 5G is purposely designed so that these industries can take advantage of cellular connectivity in ways that wouldn’t have been possible before, and to scale upwards as use of 5G expands. (5G是技术上的答案，它使数十亿的新连接成为可能，并使这些连接安全。5G将影响每一个行业——汽车、医疗保健、制造和分销、应急服务等等。5G的设计是为了让这些行业能够以以前不可能的方式利用蜂窝连接，并随着5G使用的扩大而扩大规模)”可知，本段主要讲述的是5G技术给人类生活带来的巨大变化。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中“But generational change in mobile communications doesn’t just appear overnight. (但移动通信代际变化并不是一蹴而就的)”可知，通信技术的变革不是一夜之间发生的，B选项“罗马不是一天建成的”正确；A选项意为“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”，C选项意为“实践出真知”，D选项意为“物以类聚”，均不符合文意。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中“Work on 4G took nearly a decade and the challenges were not easy. There is promise yet in what we’re capable of achieving. (4G的工作花了近十年的时间，挑战并不容易。我们能够实现的目标还有希望)”可知，未来的变革既有挑战也充满希望。故选C项。
D
A robot with a sense of touch may one day feel “pain”, both its own physical pain and sympathy for the pain of its human companions. Such touchy-feely robots are still far off, but advances in robotic touch-sensing are bringing that possibility closer to reality.
Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have been hooked up to a robot that can then signal emotions, Asada reported February 15 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This artificial “pain nervous system,” as Asada calls it, may be a small building block for a machine that could ultimately experience pain. Such a feeling might also allow a robot to “sympathize” with a human companion’s suffering.
Asada, an engineer at Osaka University, and his colleagues have designed touch sensors that reliably pick up a range of touches. In a robot system named Affetto, a realistic looking child’s head, these touch and pain signals can be converted to emotional facial expressions.
A touch-sensitive, soft material, as opposed to a rigid metal surface, allows richer interactions between a machine and the world, says neuroscientist Kingson Man of the University of Southern California. Artificial skin “allows the possibility of engagement in truly intelligent ways”.
Such a system, Asada says, might ultimately lead to robots that can recognize the pain of others, a valuable skill for robots designed to help care for people in need, the elderly, for instance.
But there is an important distinction between a robot that responds in a predictable way to a painful strike and a robot that’s able to compute an internal feeling accurately, says Damasio, a neuroscientist also at the University of Southern California. A robot with sensors that can detect touch and pain is “along the lines of having a robot, for example, that smiles when you talk to it,” Damasio says. ‘It’s a device for communication of the machine to a human.” While that’s an interesting development, “it’s not the same thing” as a robot designed to compute some sort of internal experience, he says.
12. What do we know about the “pain nervous system”?
A. It is named Affetto by scientists. B. It is a set of complicated sensors.
C. It is able to signal different emotions. D. It combines sensors and artificial skin.
13. What does the underlined word “converted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Delivered. B. Translated. C. Attached. D. Adapted.
14. What does Damasio consider as an interesting development?
A. Robots can smile when talked to.
B. Robots can talk to human beings.
C. Robots can compute internal feelings
D. Robots can detect pains and respond accordingly.
15. What can be the best title of the text?
A. Machines Become Emotional B. Robots Inch to Feeling Pain
C. Human Feelings Can Be Felt D. New Devices Touch Your Heart
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“疼痛”的有触觉机器人正在成为可能。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have been hooked up to a robot that can then signal emotions, Asada reported February 15 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This artificial “pain nervous system,” as Asada calls it (Asada在2月15日举行的美国科学促进会年会上报告说，在柔软的人造皮肤上安装的传感器可以检测到温柔的触摸和痛苦的打击，并与机器人相连，然后发出情绪信号。Asada称其为人工“疼痛神经系统”，)”可知，“疼痛神经系统”结合了传感器和人造皮肤。故选D项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“In a robot system named Affetto, a realistic looking child’s head, these touch and pain signals can be converted to emotional facial expressions. (在一个名为Affetto机器人系统中，这些触摸和疼痛信号可以______为情感的面部表情。)” 由提到Affetto的机器人系统关于这些触摸和疼痛信号和情感的面部表情的关系，可知，划线词converted意为“转化”。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A robot with sensors that can detect touch and pain is “along the lines of having a robot, for example, that smiles when you talk to it,” Damasio says. ‘It’s a device for communication of the machine to a human.” While that’s an interesting development, “it’s not the same thing” as a robot designed to compute some sort of internal experience, he says. (Damasio说，一个装有传感器的机器人可以检测触摸和疼痛，“这就像一个机器人，当你和它说话时，它会微笑。它是机器和人类沟通的工具。”他说，虽然这是一个有趣的发展，但与设计用来计算某种内部体验的机器人“不是一回事”。)”可知，Damasio认为机器人可以检测疼痛并做出相应的反应是一个有趣的发展。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A robot with a sense of touch may one day feel “pain”, both its own physical pain and sympathy for the pain of its human companions. Such touchy-feely robots are still far off, but advances in robotic touch-sensing are bringing that possibility closer to reality. (有触觉的机器人有一天可能会感觉到“疼痛”，既能感觉到自己身体上的疼痛，也能对人类同伴的疼痛产生同情。这种情感机器人离我们还有很长的路要走，但机器人触摸传感技术的进步正使这种可能性更接近现实。)”以及下文的描述，可知，本文主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“疼痛”的有触觉机器人正在成为可能，因此本文的最佳标题选项B“机器人慢慢地会感受疼痛”符合题意。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
第二节 根据短文内容,从文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
You know that eating healthy, staying active, and solving few brain games can help keep your memory. But the following lesser-known habits work wonders too.
___16___
When we sit with our shoulders bent forward, this defeated position actually causes us to feel anxious or depressed-which makes it harder to think clearly and remember things. On the contrary, straight upright posture apparently improves memory because it boosts blood and oxygen flow to the brain.
Exercise
Having trouble remembering faces？___17___ In a study, pictures of faces were shown to older folks after they pedal an indoor bike at an intense pace or simply sit on a self-pedaling bike. On average, people remembered the faces better after the intense exercise. What's more, the memory gains after a single workout were similar to the gains after 3 months of regular exercise.
Limit TV
Every parent and grandparent has heard that too much screen time can hurt a child’s brain development. ___18___ According to a study, people（aged 50 or older）who watched more than 3.5 hours of TV a day for 6 years experienced a greater drop in verbal memory test scores than those who watched less.
Draw aimlessly
A research shows those who drew the words remembered the most when recalling words. That' s because while some parts of brain about getting memory back become worse as people grow older, the picture processing regions usually don't. ___19___
Walk Backward
___20___ Walk back！ Backward motion-whether real, imagined, or watched-helps people remember the information better than sitting still and, in most cases, better than forward motion. It may be that moving backward in space mentally helps us move back in time to the moment we learned something.
A. Stand still.
B. Sit Straight.
C. Avoid workouts.
D. Sweat for physical training.
E. Thus drawing can help adults keep their memory sharp.
F. But what about those at the other end of their life span？
G. Next time you're trying to recall something, don't just think back.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了保持大脑记忆功能的一些方法。
【16题详解】
文章第二段“When we sit with our shoulders bent forward, this defeated position actually causes us to feel anxious or depressed-which makes it harder to think clearly and remember things. On the contrary, straight upright posture apparently improves memory because it boosts blood and oxygen flow to the brain.（当我们向前弯曲坐着时，这种姿势实际上会使我们感到焦虑或沮丧，这使得清晰思考和记住事情变得更加困难。相反，直立的姿势能明显提高记忆力，因为它能促进血液和氧气流向大脑。）” 可知，B项“坐直”能够概括本段内容，符合文意。并且该选项中的“sit”一词与下文一致，该段中的“straight upright”指的是坐姿要“端正”。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Having trouble remembering faces?（难以记住面孔吗？）”以及下文“In a study, pictures of faces were shown to older folks after they pedal a stationary bike at an intense pace or simply sit on a self-pedaling bike. On average, people remembered the faces better after the intense exercise. What’s more, the memory gains after a single workout were similar to the gains after 3 months of regular exercise.（在一项研究中，研究人员向老年人展示了他们在室内以高速度骑自行车或仅仅是坐在自动自行车上后的面部照片。平均而言，人们在剧烈运动后对面孔的记忆更好。更重要的是，一次锻炼后的记忆力增长与3个月的常规锻炼后相似。）”可知，D项“在进行体育锻炼时要出汗。”承上启下，符合文意。该选项是对前面问题的回答，通过锻炼可以使保持记忆力，空格后是在讲一个具体的锻炼方法及它所带来的好处。故选D项。
【18题详解】
通过上文“Every parent and grandparent has heard that too much screen time can hurt a child’s cognitive development.（每个家长和祖父母都听说过对着荧幕时间过久会伤害孩子的认知发展。）”以及下文“According to a study, people (aged 50 or older) who watched more than 3.5 hours of TV a day for 6 years experienced a greater drop in verbal memory test scores than those who watched less.（根据一项研究，年龄在50岁以上的人每天观看电视超过3.5个小时，如持续6年，其语言记忆力测试成绩的下降幅度要比收看较少的人更高。）”可知，F项“那年龄较大的人呢？”能够承上启下，并且该选项中的“those at the other end of their life span”指代的是下文的“people (aged 50 or older)”。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“A research shows those who drew the words remembered the most when recalling words. That’s because while some parts of the brain about getting memory back become worse as people grow older, the picture processing regions usually don’t.（一项研究表明，那些画字词的人对单词的记忆最深。那是因为随着人们年纪变大，大脑的某些部位的记忆功能变得更糟，而负责图片处理的大脑区域通常不会。）”说明画字词可以帮助人保持清晰的记忆，E项“因此，画字词可以帮助成年人保持清晰的记忆。”能够承接上文。并且该选项中的“sketching”与本段的标题中的“Draw”是同义词，意为描绘。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据设空处下文“Walk back! Backward motion helps people remember the information better than sitting still and, in most cases, better than forward motion.（向后走！向后运动比起静止不动并且在大多数情况下比向前运动更能帮助人们记住信息。）”可知，G项“下次您想回忆某件事时，不要只是通过大脑来回忆。”承接下文。而下文是对上文的具体解释。并且G项中的“back”与下文一致。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March. 2022. Someone ___21___ a pink gift bag near the building with a note wishing the librarian a Happy Easter. Inside the bag was the “gift”: two small notebooks from the famous British naturalist Charles Darwin, who is ___22___ for his theory of evolution. One of the ___23___ has a famous drawing in it called the “Tree of Life”. Darwin made the drawing in 1837.
The university talked about the ___24___ on Tuesday. Cambridge believed the notebooks were ___25___ 20 years ago. They were first thought to be ___26___ inside the building after they were taken to be photographed. But, after searching through 10 million books, maps and documents, the university reported the notebooks ___27___ to police in 2020.
British investigators notified police around the world, and a ___28___ began. The notebooks are valued at millions of dollars. They were ___29___ , however, in good condition. Darwin’s notebooks contained writings about his famous trip around the world on the ship H. M. S. Beagle. The research ___30___ his book on evolution called On the Origin of species.
Cambridge University Librarian Jessica Gardner said she was ___31___ to see the notebooks. But she said her true feelings were profound and almost impossible to adequately express. Gardner said the notebooks would go back into the Darwin Archive. The library is also ___32___ to the works by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newton.
The notebooks will be on ___33___ later this year in a Darwin show at the library. Local police said they are continuing to ___34___ who may have taken the notebooks and asked for help from anyone who has ___35___ about the case.
21. A. presented B. left C. provided D. abandoned
22. A. satisfied B. interested C. renowned D. devoted
23. A. gifts B. bags C. works D. notebooks
24. A. incident B. amusement C. librarian D. conflict
25. A. covered B. taken C. photographed D. copied
26. A. destroyed B. surviving C. buried D. missing
27. A. hidden B. removed C. stolen D. purchased
28. A. search B. research C. conservation D. trial
29. A. changed B. claimed C. returned D. offered
30. A. belonged to B. led to C. appealed to D. resulted to
31. A. concerned B. embarrassed C. anxious D. relieved
32. A. equal B. home C. reduced D. limited
33. A. balance B. public C. display D. disgrace
34. A. look into B. respond to C. happen to D. prepare for
35. A. contents B. news C. images D. information
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇报道。达尔文笔记本在失窃20年后回归剑桥大学。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人在大楼附近留下了一个粉色的礼物袋，上面有一张纸条祝图书管理员复活节快乐。A. presented呈现；B. left留下，离开；C. provided提供；D. abandoned抛弃。根据前文“The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March. 2022.”可知，有人在大楼附近留下了一个礼物袋。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：包里是“礼物”：两个小笔记本，来自著名的英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文，他以《进化论》而闻名。A. satisfied满意的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. renowned著名的；D. devoted投入的。根据后文“for his theory of evolution”及常识，可知达尔文因他的《进化论》而出名。be renowned for表示“因……而出名”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一个笔记本上有一幅著名的画，叫做“生命之树”。A. gifts礼物；B. bags包；C. works作品；D. notebooks笔记本。根据上文“two small notebooks”可知，礼物袋里面是笔记本，其中一个笔记本上有一幅著名的画。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该大学在周二谈到了这起事件。A. incident事件；B. amusement开心，娱乐；C. librarian图书管理员；D. conflict冲突。此处指剑桥大学谈到了上文提到的“The Cambridge University Library in Britain received a “gift” in early March. ”这件事。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学认为这些笔记本是20年前被拿走的。A. covered覆盖，包括；B. taken拿；C. photographed拍照，摄影；D. copied复制。根据后文“ they were taken to be photographed”可知，上次拍照时这写笔记本被拿走了。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他们被拍照后，人们起初认为他们在大楼内失踪了。A. destroyed被破坏的；B. surviving继续存在的，未死的；C. buried埋藏的；D. missing找不到的，丢失的。根据后文“after searching through 10 million books, maps and documents”可知，人们认为这些笔记本丢了，所以进行了大量的寻找。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在搜索了1000万册书籍、地图和文件后，该大学于2020年向警方报告了笔记本被盗。A. hidden隐藏；B. removed移开；C. stolen偷；D. purchased购买。根据前文“after searching through 10 million books, maps and documents”可知，大学在找不到笔记后，向警察报告说这些笔记本被偷了。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国调查人员通知了世界各地的警方，并开始搜查。A. search搜索；B. research研究；C. conservation保护；D. trial审判，试验。根据前文“British investigators notified police around the world”可知，警察被通知后，一场搜索开始了。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，它们被归还时情况良好。A. changed改变；B. claimed声称；C. returned归还；D. offered提供。根据后文“however, in good condition. ”可知，这些笔记本被完好的归还了。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这项研究促成了他关于进化论的著作《物种起源》。A. belonged to属于；B. led to导致，通向；C. appealed to吸引；D. resulted to导致。根据前文“Darwin’s notebooks contained writings about his famous trip around the world on the ship H. M. S. Beagle”和后文“his book on evolution called On the Origin of species.”可知，研究促成（导致）了他的《物种起源》。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学图书管理员杰西卡·加德纳说，看到这些笔记本，她松了一口气。A. concerned关心的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. relieved放心的，宽慰的。根据语境和“But she said her true feelings were profound and almost impossible to adequately express. ”可知，收到丢失了20年的达尔文的笔记本后，该大学的图书管理员非常欣慰。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该图书馆也是科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿作品的所在地。A. equal平等的；B. home在主场进行的，国内的；C. reduced减少的；D. limited有限的。根据前文“also”和后文“ the works by scientists Stephen Hawking and Isaac Newton”可知，这个图书馆——Darwin Archive（达尔文档案馆）还专门存放科学家斯蒂芬·霍金和艾萨克·牛顿的作品。be home to意为“为……的所在地”。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些笔记本将于今年晚些时候在图书馆的达尔文展上展出。A. balance平衡；B. public公众；C. display展览；D. disgrace耻辱。根据后文“in a Darwin show at the library”可知这些笔记本将会被展出。on display意为“展览”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查谁可能拿走了这些笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。A. look into调查；B. respond to对……做出回应；C. happen to碰巧；D. prepare for为……做准备。根据后文“ who may have taken the notebooks”可知，由于这些笔记是谁送来的仍然未知，所以警察们将继续调查。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地警方表示，他们正在继续调查谁可能拿走了这些笔记本，并向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。A. contents内容；B. news新闻，消息；C. images图像，形象；信息。D. information。根据前文“ asked for help from anyone”和后文“ about the case”可知，警察将向任何了解此案信息的人寻求帮助。故选D项。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Crying marriage? ____36____ (surprise), isn’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province, and ____37____ (remain) in fashion ____38____ the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a ____39____ (necessary) to marriage procedure. It is very much ____40____ same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. ____41____, the bride’s neighbors would look down upon ____42____ as a poorly cultivated girl and she would become the laughing stock of the village. In fact, there were cases ____43____ the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony.
In a word, crying at wedding is a means by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the ____44____ (arrange) marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their _____45_____ (satisfy) marriage and even their miserable life.
【答案】36. Surprising
37. remained
38. until##till
39. necessity
40. the 41. Otherwise
42. her 43. where
44. arranged
45. unsatisfying##unsatisfactory
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国四川省土家族的一项婚礼习俗——哭嫁。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶，不是吗？本处是省略句，省略了主语Crying marriage和系动词is，用修饰物的-ing形容词surprising (令人惊讶的)作表语，首字母大写。故填Surprising。
37题详解】
考查时态。句意：事实上，哭嫁的习俗在中国西南四川省的许多地区早就存在了，并一直流行到清末。结合谓语existed可知，事情已发生，并列谓语动词remain用一般过去时。故填remained。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：事实上，哭嫁的习俗在中国西南四川省的许多地区早就存在了，并一直流行到清末。结合句意，介词until/till (直到)符合。故填until/till。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然不像以前那么流行，但许多地方的人们仍然遵守这一习俗，尤其是土家人，他们认为这是结婚程序的必要条件。结合不定冠词a，用名词单数necessity (必需的事物)作宾语。故填necessity。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这个省的不同地方的情况基本相同。固定短语the same (一样、相同)。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：否则，新娘的邻居会看不起她，认为她是一个没有教养的女孩，她会成为村里的笑柄。结合上文“According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. (据老年人说，每个新娘在婚礼上都要哭)”，此处假设相反的情况，用副词otherwise (否则、不然)，相当于or或if not，首字母大写。故填Otherwise。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：否则，新娘的邻居会看不起她，认为她是一个没有教养的女孩，她会成为村里的笑柄。用宾格代词her指代前面的the bride。故填her。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：事实上，也有新娘因为在婚礼上不哭而被母亲殴打的案例。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是cases，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，在中国古代的包办婚姻中，确实有相当多的新娘为自己不满意的婚姻甚至悲惨的生活而哭泣。形容词arranged (安排的)作定语，修饰名词marriages，arranged marriage (包办婚姻)。故填arranged。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，在中国古代的包办婚姻中，确实有相当多的新娘为自己不满意的婚姻甚至悲惨的生活而哭泣。该空作定语，修饰名词marriage，用修饰物的-ing形容词unsatisfying (不令人满意的)或形容词unsatisfactory (不能令人满意的)。故填unsatisfying/unsatisfactory。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是学生会主席李华，为积极响应落实“厉行节约，反对浪费”的精神，学生会将举办一次以“光盘行动”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1.浪费食物的危害；
2.“光盘行动”的措施；
3.呼吁大家共同行动。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：光盘行动Clear Your Plate Campaign
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good afternoon, everyone! It is my honor to deliver a speech on “Clear Your Plate” campaign.
There is no doubt that excessive food waste will pose a potential threat to food security. And it costs energy to deal with wasted food, ultimately increasing greenhouse gases. So when we dine out, it is our responsibility to order a proper amount of food and take leftovers home. In addition, schools should conduct some activities to demonstrate the significance of reducing food waste.
For a greener environment and a more prosperous future, let’s all clear our plates! Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“为积极响应落实‘厉行节约，反对浪费’的精神，学生会将举办一次以‘光盘行动’为主题的英语演讲比赛”一事，写一篇演讲稿，讲述浪费食物的危害，“光盘行动”的措施并呼吁大家共同行动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发表演说：deliver a speech → deliver an address
处理：deal with → cope with
此外：in addition→ what’s more
减少：reduce → lessen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：And it costs energy to deal with wasted food, ultimately increasing greenhouse gases.
拓展句：And it costs energy to deal with wasted food, which will ultimately increase greenhouse gases.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There is no doubt that excessive food waste will pose a potential threat to food security. (运用了that引导的同位语从句)
【高分句型2】So when we dine out, it is our responsibility to order a proper amount of food and take leftovers home. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jenny was the only child in her home. She had a quarrel (争吵) with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily .
She couldn’t help crying sadly when she thought of the scolding (指责) from her mother. Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat, but it was not possible for her, since she had nothing with her. She stood beside a stand for a while, watching the middle-aged seller busy doing his business . However, with no money in hand , she had to leave.
The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked, “Hey, girl, you want to have the noodles?”
“Oh, yes..., but I don’t have money on me ...” she replied .
“That’s nothing. I’ll treat you today,” said the man, “come in.” The seller brought her a bowl of noodles, whose smell was so attractive. As she was eating, Jenny cried silently.
“What is it?” asked the man kindly .
“Nothing, actually I was just touched by your kindness!” said Jenny as she dried her tears, “Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles, while my mother, drove me out of the house. She showed no care for me. She is so cruel compared to a stranger!”
Hearing the words, the seller smiled, “Girl, do you really think so? I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot. But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby . Can you number the times she cooked for you? Have you expressed your thanks to her?”
Jenny sat there, speechless; she remembered mother’s familiar face and weathered hands. “Why did I not think of that? A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel thankful, but I have never thanked my mum for what she has done for me.”
On the way home, Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Approaching the doorway, Jenny took a deep breath .
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Approaching the doorway, Jenny took a deep breath. When she knocked at the door, she found the door was locked and her mother was not in. Tired and sad, she sat down in front of the house. Where could my mother be? She wondered. “Was she still angry with me?” Again, the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind. She remembered her rudeness to her mother. Realizing that all the scoldings from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really cared a lot about her, she felt rather ashamed, and tears began to roll down her cheeks.
Paragraph 2:
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. She raised her head and saw the familiar face of her mother. “Here you come! I’ve been looking for you,” she said, tired and relieved. Jenny couldn’t help throwing herself into her mother’s arms. “Mum, I’m so sorry and thank you for all you have done for me.” She expressed her sincere apology and great gratitude. Hearing this, her mother smiled, patting her back gently.
【解析】
【导语】本文以Jenny的感情变化为线索，记叙了Jenny和母亲争吵后，离家出走，在一个请她吃面的陌生人的启发下，想起了妈妈对自己的付出，最后决定回家向妈妈道歉的故事。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“走近门口，Jenny深吸了一口气”可知，第一段可描写Jenny坐在门口反思自己以及意识到自己的错误。
②由第二段首句内容“她的头发被轻轻地碰了一下，她的思绪又回来了”可知，第二段可描写母亲回来和Jenny向母亲道歉以及表达感激之情。
2.续写线索：发现门锁了——坐在门口——又累又伤心——想起对妈妈的不好——扑进妈妈怀里——向妈妈道歉
3.词汇激活
行为类
开始：begin to/start
出现：appear/emerge
想起：remember/recall
情绪类
生气：be angry with/be mad at
惭愧的：ashamed/embarrassed
感谢：thank/feel thankful/be grateful for
【点睛】[高分句型1] Realizing that all the scoldings from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really cared a lot about her, she felt rather ashamed, and tears began to roll down her cheeks. (运用了that引导宾语从句和that引导的同位语从句)
[高分句型2] When she knocked at the door, she found the door was locked and her mother was not in. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
听力答案：1-5：CABCA 6-10：ABBCB 11-15：ACBCC 16-20：ABABA