必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet教案设计

这是一份必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet教案设计，共83页。教案主要包含了现在完成时的被动语态的结构，现在完成时的被动语态的用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
现在完成时的被动语态
1．(教材P28)Much_has_been_written(write) abut the wnders f the Wrld Wide Web．
2．(教材P28)But the Internet has_dne(d) much mre fr peple than simply make life mre cnvenient．
3．(教材P28)Many peple have_been_helped(help) by the club．
4．(教材P28)She n lnger feels lnely, and her cmpany_has_becme(becme) quite successful．
5．(教材P32)Tday I thught I’d blg abut a questin that has_been_asked(ask) many times—hw d yu stay safe nline and avid bad experiences n the Internet?
一、现在完成时的被动语态的结构
◆He has been selected t take part in the sprts meeting．
他已被挑选出来参加运动会。
◆The ink has nt been remved frm his vercat．
墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。
◆Has the date fr the next meeting been decided?
下次会议的日期已确定了吗？
◆Hw lng has the battery nt been changed?
电池多久没有更换了？
【即时演练1】——句型转换
The children have already been tld the gd news．
①将上面的句子变为否定句。
The_children_haven’t_been_tld_the_gd_news_yet．
②将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。
Have_the_children_been_tld_the_gd_news_yet?
③对上面句子中的The children进行提问。
Wh_has_been_tld_the_gd_news_yet?
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。
◆The machine has already been repaired．
机器已经修好了。
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与fr或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“Hw lng ．．．？”句型中。
◆Financial prblems f the cmpany have been discussed fr nearly tw hurs．
公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
◆Hw lng has this film been shwn?
这部电影已放映多长时间了？
3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
◆Yu shuldn’t leave schl befre yur hmewrk has been finished．
在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：
already 已经 yet 已经
recently/lately最近since then从那时起
ever since自那以来ever曾经
s far迄今为止by nw到现在为止
fr a lng time 很长一段时间
in recent years在最近几年里
in/during/ver the past/last years在过去的几年里
【即时演练2】
(1)用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
①Jack’s bss has always praised him fr his devtin t wrk．
→Jack has_always_been_praised by his bss fr his devtin t wrk．
②They have fund a gd place t build a temple in the village．
→A gd place has_been_fund t build a temple in the village．
③We haven’t yet decided hw t slve that difficult technlgical prblem．
→Hw t slve that difficult technlgical prblem hasn’t_been_decided yet．
(2)完成句子
④当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。
I will g hme when my hmewrk has_been_finished．
⑤纸币已被使用了1 000多年了。
Paper mney has_been_used fr ver ne thusand years．
(1)只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
◆His bss has already punished him．
→He has already been punished (by his bss)．
(2)带有双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, shw, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, prmise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。
◆He gave the little girl an apple．→The little girl was given an apple (by him)．
→An apple was given t the little girl (by him)．
【即时演练3】——将下面句子变为被动语态
①I have asked her t help yu．
→She_has_been_asked_t_help_yu．
②We have planted many trees n the hill in the last 5 years．
→Many_trees_have__been_planted_n_the_hill_in_the_last_5_years．
③He has sent me an e­mail．
→I_have_been_sent_an_e­mail．
→An_e­mail_has_been_sent_t_me．
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ) 单句语法填空
1．A great many machines have_been_prduced(prduce) by the factry since the technlgical revlutin．
2．Great changes have_taken(take) place in my hmetwn and a lt f factries have_been_set(set) up in the past ten years．
3．In the last few years, thusands f films have_been_prduced(prduce) all ver the wrld．
4．Up t nw, a lt f high­rise buildings have_been_built(build) in ur city．
5．Over the past three years, mre than $10 millin has_been_spent(spend) carrying ut the prject．
6．The rbts have_been_used(use) t help humans d sme dangerus wrk since the late 1990s．
7．The English sng has_been_sung(sing) fr many years, but we still like it．
8．Prfessr Yang has_been_invited(invite) t the film festival twice s far．
9．Over time I have_been_changed(change) quite a lt．
10．It has_been_used(use) in ffices and hmes since the 1970s．
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ) 句型转换
1．We have sent sme rckets t space t explre the Mn and Mars．
Sme rckets have_been_sent t space by us t explre the Mn and Mars．
2．Rbert has bught an iPhne using his wn mney．
An iPhne has_been_bught by Rbert using his wn mney．
3．The famus cmpany has given the cmputers away t thse high schls．
The cmputers have_been_given_away t thse high schls by the famus cmpany．
4．The lcal gvernment has chsen the university t rganise the training curse．
The university has_been_chsen by the lcal gvernment t rganise the training curse．
5．They haven’t tld me that the meeting will be put ff until next Friday．
I haven’t_been_tld that the meeting will be put ff until next Friday．
6．Peple use bamb in many different ways fr thusands f years．
Bamb has_been_used in many different ways fr thusands f years．
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅰ) 单句语法填空
1．Mre than 50，000 yuan has_been_raised(raise) fr the pr family since the grup was funded．
2．China’s space prgram has_been_develped(develp) greatly since it sent its first astrnaut t space in 2003．
3．Cmputer science, with which rapid prgress has_been_made(make) in recent years, plays a very imprtant part in ur daily life．
4．Up t nw, mre than five new species have_been_fund(find) n this island by researchers．
5．Black Friday has_been_regarded(regard) as the beginning f the hliday shpping seasn fr years．
6．Since the early 1990s, a lt f clinics have_been_funded(fund) in this cuntry t treat pr peple fr free．
7．The balance between the city and the cuntry has_been_brken(break) by the industrial develpment ver the past tw centuries．
8．Sme effrts were_made(make) t imprve the air quality in the city last winter．
9．Over the past three years, the paintings have_been_taken(take) t mre than 20 museums in the wrld．
10．Fr centuries, the ancient language has_been_passed(pass) n frm ne generatin t anther．
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅱ) 阅读理解
Smartphnes, tablets and smart watches are banned(禁止) at schl fr all children under 15 in France．Under the ban students are nt able t use their phnes at all during schl hurs, including meal breaks．
“I think it’s a gd thing．Schl is nt abut being n yur phne，” Paris mum Marie­Carline Madeleine tld AFP．“It’s hard with kids．Yu can’t cntrl what they see and that’s ne f the things that wrries me as a parent．”
There is n law like this in Australia, but sme Australian schls have banned phnes．
McKinnn Secndary Schl in Victria intrduced a ttal ban in February and Principal Pitsa Binnin said this has been a success．
McKinnn students still have a Chrmebk t use in every class fr day­t­day learning but they’re nt allwed t use scial media(媒体)．Ms Binnin said at first “teachers cheered and students maned(抱怨)，” but nw they’re seeing the psitives(优势)．“They cme t schl and they’re nt allwed t use phnes at all during the schl day, including lunch breaks，” she said．
“It’s been wnderful in terms f students cmmunicating with each ther at lunchtime and nt lking at their screen，” she said．
Ms Binnin als leads by example and desn’t use her mbile phne in schl．“I think anyne can d it if we’ve dne it．”
Nt everyne agrees with the bans．Western Sydney University technlgy researcher Dr．Janne Orland wrte in nline magazine The Cnversatin earlier this year that Australia shuld nt ban phnes in schls because it’s imprtant t educate kids t live in the age they are raised in．
“A gd educatin fr students tday is knwing hw t use technlgy t learn, cmmunicate and wrk with ideas，” she wrte．“Banning students frm using smartphnes is a 1950s respnse t a 2018 state­f­play．”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了澳大利亚学校是否该禁止学生使用手机。
1．Why did Madeleine welcme the ban?
A．Schl is fr studying．
B．Kids behave badly nwadays．
C．Teachers find it hard t cntrl kids．
D．Her kids depend t much n phnes．
A 解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的Schl is nt abut being n yur phne可知，Madeleine认为学校不是玩手机的地方，言外之意就是学校是学习的地方。
2．What can we learn abut the ban in McKinnn Secndary Schl?
A．Sme teachers were against it at first．
B．Students can nw see the gd f the ban．
C．Students can use their phnes at lunch breaks．
D．Teachers have stpped using phnes at schl as well．
B 解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的this has been a success和第五段中的nw they’re seeing the psitives可知，学生们起初抱怨，但现在都看到了这一禁令的好处。
3．What des the underlined wrd “Chrmebk” in Paragraph 5 prbably refer t?
A．A bk． B．A ntebk．
C．A learning website．D．A kind f cmputer．
D 解析：词义猜测题。由第一段中的Smartphnes, tablets and smart watches和第五段中的fr day­t­day learning but they’re nt allwed t use scial media(媒体)可知，画线词应该指的是一种电脑。学生们学习可以用，但是不允许使用社交网络。
4．What des Dr．Janne Orland think f banning phnes in schls?
A．It will discnnect parents and kids．
B．It will cause kids t cmmunicate less．
C．It will prevent kids being tech­minded．
D．It will make educatin g back 60 years．
C 解析：推理判断题。由倒数第一、二段可知，Dr．Janne Orland认为现在是科技时代，就应该让学生与时代接轨，禁止学生使用手机不符合这个时代的特征。
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅲ) 七选五
Studies have shwn that abut 30% f the children in America aged 6 t 19 are either verweight r bese(肥胖的)．1．________ Besides, the situatin in the cuntries f the Eurpean Unin is similar．
If yu are gaining weight, it des nt always mean that yu are becming bese．After all, children and yung adults need nutrients t grw．2．________ Hwever, if yu begin putting n t much weight, yu may be n the rad t besity．
3．________ Genes are ne f the factrs that can lead t it．Genes determine hw yur bdy stres fd and hw well it turns fd int energy．Yur genes cme frm yur parents, s verweight parents are mre likely t have verweight children．
Althugh yu may have gd genes, yu can still becme bese．In fact, the lack f physical exercise can als cause besity．4．________ Fr example, cmpared with ging utside and ding sme physical activities, children nw prefer t sit still fr hurs in frnt f cmputers r TVs．
Many f us eat up t fur meals a day thanks t excessive(过度的) snacking．And when we have a snack, we may dn’t cnsider eating fruits．But this is nt always the children’s fault．5．________
A．Fast fd is anther reasn fr besity．
B．But what may cause childhd besity?
C．That is almst ne ut f three yung Americans．
D．This increases their chances f becming verweight．
E．S it is nrmal fr them t gain weight as time ges n．
F．Nwadays, ur free time activities have greatly changed．
G．After all, there are many stres ffering all kinds f snacks near schls．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要陈述了造成青少年肥胖的几点因素。
1．C 解析：此空设于段中，与前文存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的That指代的是前文中提到的数据30% f the children。
2．E 解析：此空设于段中，与前文之间存在逻辑上的因果关系。前文陈述：毕竟，孩子和青少年需要营养来成长，此句进一步论述，所以对于他们来说，随着时间的流逝，体重增长是正常的。
3．B 解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段后面都是围绕此句展开说明基因是导致肥胖的一个原因。
4．F 解析：此空设于段中，与后文存在逻辑上的解释关系。此句说如今，人们的自由活动已经在很大程度上改变了，后面就这一点举例说明。
5．G 解析：此空设于段尾，对前一句进行解释。前一句说孩子们爱吃零食，这并不总是他们的错，此句进一步解释说明：毕竟，在学校周围有很多提供各种各样零食的商店。
eq \a\vs4\al(Ⅳ) 语法填空
I tk a shrt flight the ther day．The passengers n the plane 1．____________(ffer) an in­flight snack—a sandwich which cntained dairy and meat．Since I 2．____________(feel) ttally full at that time f the day, I put it in my bag．I hped later that day, I may cme acrss a hmeless persn, t 3．____________this sandwich may mean his nly meal．
Well, I did cme acrss a hmeless man later that day．That man was with 4．____________(he) dg Bella．When I gave him 5．____________sandwich, I nticed his smile as he was pening the sandwich．He shared it 6．____________Bella．They started t eat quickly．7．____________(see) hw hungry he was, I emptied my bag f all treats and fd I had．I als went and bught a large cffee fr him．He 8．____________(sincere) thanked me and cntinued t have his “big” meal．
Kindness is such a simple thing fr us t d．Hwever, fr 9．____________(receive), it can be life­changing．As a saying ges, “Ten men banded(聚集) tgether in lve can d what ten thusand separately wuld fail in．” If each f us des ne kind thing at a time, the strength 10．____________(build) up will be surprising．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文作者通过讲述自己将飞机餐送给无家可归的人的故事，号召我们一起做善事。
1．were ffered 解析：考查动词的时态及语态。passengers和ffer之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；再根据上下文的语境可知，此处表示过去的动作，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
2．felt 解析：考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的动作，因此用动词的一般过去时。
3．whm 解析：考查关系代词。此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的宾语从句，且指代人，故用whm。
4．his 解析：考查代词。因为后面跟名词dg，所以用形容词性物主代词，故用his。
5．the 解析：考查冠词。前面已经提到过sandwich，此处再次提到，故用定冠词the。
6．with 解析：考查介词。share sth．with sb．意为：与某人分享某物，故填with。
7．Seeing 解析：考查非谓语动词。句子的逻辑主语与see之间是主动关系，故用现在分词做状语。
8．sincerely 解析：考查副词。修饰动词thanked，用副词sincerely，意为“真诚地”。
9．receivers 解析：考查名词。句意为：但是对于接受者来说，这可能是改变一生的行为。因为receiver是可数名词，故填receivers。
10．built 解析：考查非谓语动词。strength是被积累起来的，故用built作后置定语。
肯定式
主语＋have/has been dne．．．
否定式
主语＋have/has nt been dne．．．
一般疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been dne．．．？
特殊疑问式
疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been dne．．．？