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重庆育才中学、西南大学附属中学拔尖强基联盟2023-2024学年高三英语上学期10月联考试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份重庆育才中学、西南大学附属中学拔尖强基联盟2023-2024学年高三英语上学期10月联考试题（Word版附解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，将答题卡交回 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
重庆育才中学 西南大学附属中学
高2024届拔尖强基联盟高三十月联合考试
英语试题
(总分:150分, 考试时间: 120分钟)
命题学校：重庆育才中学 2023年10月
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、座号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔填涂;答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写; 必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效;保持答卷清洁、完整。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回 (试题卷自己保存，以备评讲)。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much does the man tip?
A.$15. B.$13. C.$6.
2. Why does the woman want to return the sweater?
A. It is of poor quality.
B. The size is not suitable.
C. She doesn’t like the color.
3. What does Mr. Brown ask Mrs. Nelson to do?
A Turn down the music.
B. Talk to his neighbor.
C. Change his apartment.
4. What are the speakers likely to do?
A. Do their schoolwork.
B. Buy some clothes.
C. Go on a trip.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and parent.
B. Mother and son.
C. Co-workers.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料， 回答第6、7题。
6. Who spilled some drinks on the carpet?
A. The woman.
B. The woman’s kids.
C The woman’s husband.
When will the cleaner go to the woman’s house?
A、On Saturday morning.
B、On Saturday afternoon.
C. On Sunday morning.
听第7段材料， 回答第8、9题。
8. How many people will there be in the study group?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
9. Where will the speakers probably meet?
A. In the library. B. In the study hall. C. In the cafeteria.
听第8段材料， 回答第10至12题。
10. Z hat topic did Martin choose for his paper2,
A. Food and health.
B. Strawberry growing.
C. The history of the UK.
11. What does the woman think of Martin’s topic at the end of the conversation?
A. Amazing. B. Difficult. C. Boring.
12. Where are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In the classroom. C. In the library.
听第9段材料， 回答第13至16题。
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?;
A. Planning the weekend.
B. Preparing for college.
C. Signing up for courses.
14. What does the girl decide to do?
A. Cook food by herself.
B. Stop eating fast food.
C. Take some canned food.
15. What is the girl interested in?
A. Nature. B. Business. C. Physics.
16. What is the man’s attitude toward the girl’s decision?
A. Disapproving. B. Supportive. C. Ambiguous.
听第10段材料， 回答第17至20题。
17. What is Frank Wilczek’s famous research about?
A. The laws of nature.
B. The philosophy of universe.
C. The connection between science and math.
18. When did Frank Wilczek win a Nobel Prize?
A. l n 1951.
B、In 1973.
C. In 2004.
19. Which university did Frank Wilczek get his doctorate from?
A. Princeton University.
B. The University of Chicago.
C. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
20. Why does Heather Dill speak of Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein?
A. To show their contributions.
B. To show her respect for them.
C. To show Frank Wilczek’s greatness.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分５０分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Some of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you. Whether it’s using your home PC, taking part in a clinical trial, or simply volunteering your time for a study, you may be able to contribute to some of the ground-breaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world leader in research. Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.
Seeking poor sleepers for insomnia (失眠) research
Trouble sleeping? Researchers from the Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute are evaluating different interventions aimed at improving sleep. We are looking for poor sleepers between the ages of 18 and 65. Participation will involve spending overnights in the sleep laboratory at Oxford, monitoring your sleep/wake cycle, and completing computerized tasks. If you are interested, pleasecontacttheresearchteamatinsomnia@ndcn.ox.ac.uk
Volunteers with lazy eye wanted
Wearelookingforvolunteerswithahistoryoflazyeyetotakepartinourbrainscanningstudy.Wearelooking for health y volunteers aged 18-45 with a history of lazy eye. You will also be asked questions about your medical history to check your suitability for an MRI scan. Call 01865 223622 for more information.
Oxford Vaccine Group
The Oxford Vaccine Group is an independent multi-disciplinary(多学科的) clinical trials group. OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection in adults and children, enhancing the understanding of immunity and studying the epidemiology of infectious diseases. To get more information, please see the OVG website.
Oxford Experimental lab for the Social Sciences
The Oxford Internet Institute, together with the Business School, is recruiting individuals to participate in computer-based experiments involving online surfing behavior as well as economic and political decision-making.
We pay our subjects well, there are no special skills required and you don’t have to come to the lab in person. Contact usatsocialsciencestudy@ox.ac.ukformoreinformation.
1. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To look for research subjects. B. To offer medical help to patients.
C. To introduce new research programs. D. To recruit experienced researchers.
2. What does OVG work on?
A. Carrying out operations. B. Producing better vaccines.
C. Learning more about infection. D. Studying the causes of diseases.
3. Which project can you probably participate in if you can’t be physically present?
A. Oxford Vaccine Group. B. Insomnia research group.
C. Brain Scanning study group. D. Oxford Experimental lab.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要讲述了牛津大学招募志愿者参加各类研究项目的通知。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Some of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you. Whether it’s using your home PC, taking part in a clinical trial, or simply volunteering your time for a study, you may be able to contribute to some of the ground-breaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world leader in research. Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.(我们的一些研究项目依赖于像你这样慷慨的人。无论是使用家用电脑，参加临床试验，或者只是志愿参加研究，你都可以为一些开创性的项目做出贡献，这些项目使牛津大学成为研究领域的世界领先者。观察这个空间，找出你可以参与其中的方式。)”可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是为研究项目招募研究对象，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Oxford Vaccine Group部分中的“OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection in adults and children, enhancing the understanding of immunity and studying the epidemiology of infectious diseases. (OVG 致力于开发新的和改进的疫苗，以预防成人和儿童感染，提高对免疫力的认识，并研究传染病的流行病学。)”可知，OVG致力于生产出更好的疫苗，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Oxford Experimental lab for the Social Sciences部分中的“We pay our subjects well, there are no special skills required and you don’t have to come to the lab in person.(我们给实验对象很好的报酬，没有特殊的技能要求，你也不必亲自来实验室。)”可知，如果你不能亲自出席，你可以参加Oxford Experimental lab这个项目，故选D。
B
Jose Alberto Gutierrez’s life would never be the same again after finding a copy of Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy in the garbage 20 years ago. It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods at night and seeing deserted books. It sparked his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage. He took home between 50 and 60 books every morning after his nine-hour shift. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library.
Colombia’s capital city of Bogota has 13 million residents and 19 public libraries. However, these libraries tend to be far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is non-existent for families struggling to make ends meet. Having access to a library of books and being taken away to another world while immersed in a book is a luxury for the kids who visit Gutierrez’s library.
Gutierrez grew up poor and his family could not afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, his mother was a keen reader and read stories to him every night. Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutierrez, who never let a lack of formal education stop him from reading classics by the likes of Victor Hugo, Mario Vargas Llosa and Gabriel Garcia Marquez.
Today, his community library, called “The Strength of Words”, occupies most of his home and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non-fiction titles. Everything from school textbooks to story books can be found in his collection of more than 20,000 books!
The Strength of Words library opens every weekend. It is not just school-going children who are enjoying the benefits of The Strength of Words library. Adults are also welcome to expand their horizons and develop new skills to build a better life for themselves.
Despite having done so much for his community, Gutierrez is not yet content to call it a day. He continues to search through bins for reading material and has even travelled to book fairs in Mexico and Chile to sell his idea of building library from unwanted books.
4. What inspired Gutierrez to build the community library?
A. Famous novelists he liked very much.
B. The dilemma he faced on the night shift.
C. Abandoned books he came across at work.
D. The hobby he has taken up since childhood.
5. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3?
A. Gutierrez’s mother was a good reader.
B. Gutierrez was greatly influenced by his mother.
C. Gutierrez led a difficult life during his childhood.
D. Gutierrez had a disadvantage of poor education.
6. Which of the following can best describe Gutierrez?
A. Responsible and ambitious. B. Humble and thoughtful.
C. Committed and sensitive. D. Creative and courageous.
7. What does Gutierrez’s story tell us?
A. A book holds a house of gold.
B. Constant dropping wears the stone.
C. Good things come to those who wait.
D. One man’s trash is another man’s treasure.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了清洁工Gutierrez将废弃书籍收集起来，创建社区图书馆，为低收入家庭提供阅读机会的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods at night and seeing deserted books. It sparked his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage. He took home between 50 and 60 books every morning after his nine-hour shift. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library. (这件事发生在他晚上开着垃圾车经过富裕社区，看到了被遗弃的书时。这激发了他开始从垃圾中拯救书籍的愿望。在9小时的轮班后，他每天早上带回家50到60本书。最后，他把自己的藏书变成了一个社区图书馆。)”可知，Gutierrez在工作中偶然发现的废弃书籍启发了他创建社区图书馆。故选C项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Gutierrez grew up poor, and his family could not afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, his mother was a keen reader and read stories to him every night. Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutierrez, who never let a lack of formal education stop him from reading classic s by the likes of Victor Hugo, Mario Vargas Llosa and Gabriel Garcia Marquez.(Gutierrez出身贫寒，他的家庭负担不起他小学以后的教育费用。然而，他的母亲是一个热心的读者，每天晚上读故事给他听。她对书籍的热爱给Gutierrez留下了深刻的印象，他从不让缺乏正规教育阻止他阅读维克多·雨果、马里奥·巴尔加斯·略萨和加布里埃尔·加西亚·马尔克斯等人的经典作品)”可知，本段主要讲述了Gutierrez的母亲对书籍的热爱给Gutierrez带来得巨大影响。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Colombia’s capital city of Bogota has 13 million residents and 19 public libraries. However, these libraries tend to be far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is non-existent for families struggling to make ends meet. Having access to a library of books and being taken away to another world while immersed in a book is a luxury for the kids who visit Gutierrez’s library.(哥伦比亚首都波哥大拥有1300万居民和19个公共图书馆。然而，这些图书馆往往远离农村和贫困社区。对于入不敷出的家庭来说，购买新书的选择是不存在的。对于参观Gutierrez图书馆的孩子们来说，能够进入图书馆，沉浸在书中，被带到另一个世界是一种奢侈)”可知，Gutierrez考虑到贫困家庭买不起新书，孩子没有书可读，说明Gutierrez对他人的关心；根据最后一段“Despite having done so much for his community, Gutierrez is not yet content to call it a day.(尽管为他的社区做了这么多，古铁雷斯还不满足于现在就结束)”可知，Gutierrez认为自己做的还不够，是谦虚的。所以Gutierrez是谦逊而体贴的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“It sparked his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage. He took home between 50 and 60 books every morning after his nine-hour shift. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library. (这激发了他开始从垃圾中拯救书籍的愿望。在9小时的轮班后，他每天早上带回家50到60本书。最后，他把自己的藏书变成了一个社区图书馆。)”可知，本文讲述了Gutierrez将废弃书籍收集起来，创建社区图书馆，为低收入家庭提供阅读机会的故事。所以D项“变废为宝”最契合文章主题。故选D项。
C
From rolling hills to mountain ranges, views make any road trip memorable, but for blin d passengers this is part of the experience they miss. Motor company Ford tries to change that. It teamed up with GTB Rom a and AedoProject—to develop a technology that will give those unfortunate passengers a way to feel nature’s beauty through their car windows.
The prototype (原型) of the smart car window has a device with an outside-facing camera. With just a press of a button, the system takes a picture of the current view. The colorful picture is then turned into an image with different shades of grey through, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes over different regions of the image, its shaking movements provide feedback through the sense of touch to the person using it. The smart window also comes with a voice assistant that uses AI to identify the scene and help the passengers get information on what they’re seeing.
“As the prototype started taking shape, we realized we were giving birth to a completely new language that would give blind people a new chance to visualize and experience traveling,” Federico Russo.-one director of GTBRoma, said. “When the idea was at its first stage, we looked for suppliers all around the world to make it come to life.” He believes the technology can be employed not just in cars. “It could be introduced into schools and in stitutions for blind people as a tool that could be used in multiple ways.”
The technology may show up in a Ford autonomous vehicle. It’s known that the company is testing their technology and future business model and struggling to figure out how an autonomous vehicle gives different passengers the details needed to get from one destination to another. It’s unclear when this technology will be made available. However, the idea of building something for the less advanced is indeed a kind and influential action.
8. How does the smart car window work?
A. By sorting shaking movements. B. By recording the view with a camera.
C. By translating scenery into vibrations. D. By presenting different shades of colors.
9. What can we know about the technology according to Federico Russø?
A. It will have wide application. B. It will be used in schools first.
C. It will be tested around the world. D. It will understand different languages.
10. What difficulty is Ford facing currently?
A. How to explore their future business model.
B. How the technology is applied to everyday life.
C. How to produce autonomous cars in large numbers.
D. How an autonomous vehicle provides route information.
11. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. AI-based Window Adds Fun to Road Trips
B. Ford Develops a System for the Blind to Drive
C. Smart Window Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views
D. Technology Makes Blind People’s Trip Enjoyable
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。福特公司联合GTB Roma和Aedo Project研发了一款智能车窗，帮助盲人感受旅途中的风景，带给盲人全新的旅行体验。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The prototype (原型) of the smart car window has a device with an outside-facing camera. With just a press of a button, the system takes a picture of the current view. The colorful picture is then turned into an image with different shades of grey through, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes over different regions of the image, its shaking movements provide feedback through the sense of touch to the person using it.(智能车窗的原型有一个面向外部的摄像头。只需按下一个按钮，系统就会拍下当前视图的照片。然后通过不同震动的LED灯将彩色图像转换成不同灰度的图像。当手指经过图像的不同区域时，它的抖动动作通过触觉向使用它的人提供反馈)”可知，智能车窗通过将风景转化为振动，它的抖动动作通过触觉向使用它的人提供反馈。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“He believes the technology can be employed not just in cars. “It could be introduced into schools and in stitutions for blind people as a tool that could be used in multiple ways.”(他认为，这项技术不仅可以应用于汽车。“它可以作为一种工具引入学校和盲人机构，可以以多种方式使用。”)”可知，Federico Russo认为，这项技术不仅可以应用于汽车，还可以作为一种多用途的工具引入盲人学校和为盲人服务的机构。由此可推知，Federico Russo认为这项技术有广泛的应用价值。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s known that the company is testing their technology and future business model and struggling to figure out how an autonomous vehicle gives different passengers the details needed to get from one destination to another. It’s unclear when this technology will be made available.(众所周知，该公司正在测试他们的技术和未来的商业模式，并努力弄清楚自动驾驶汽车如何为不同的乘客提供从一个目的地到另一个目的地所需的细节。目前还不清楚这项技术何时能投入使用)”可知，福特目前面临的困难是如何为不同的乘客提供从一个目的地到另一个目的地所需的细节，也就是自动驾驶汽车如何提供路线信息。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了福特公司联合GTB Roma和Aedo Project研发了一款智能车窗，这种智能车窗使盲人有可能感受到旅途中的风景，故D项“Smart Window Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views(智能窗户让乘客感受美景)”作标题最为恰当。故选D项。
D
When couples have an argument about things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh, a doctoral candidate in psychology is the lead author of the study, which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo, and Daniel Yang from Yale University.
Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation (调解) of interpersonal struggles. Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.
The team examined participants’ written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns—such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants’ focus on the feelings and behaviourofthoseinvolvedintheconflict.Writtenresponseswerealsoexaminedforforgivenessandreinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants’ use of reasoning strategies.
The researchers found that envisioning future relationship affected both participants’ focus on their feelings, and their reasoning strategies. As a result, participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether, especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.
“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict —reflecting on how one might feel a year from now may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being,” said Huynh.
12. What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements?
A. They lose faith in their future. B. They focus on their present feelings.
C. They look forward to a fierce conflict. D. They care more about financial problems.
13. What does the underlined word “induced” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Caused. B. Explained.
C. Reduced. D. Influenced.
14. What were participants asked to do in the study?
A. Argue with their romantic partners.
B. Examine their use of pronouns.
C. Respond to a text-analysis program.
D. Write down their feelings about a conflict.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Reasoning properly is necessary for reconciliation.
B. Extending a year is a solution to your personal problems.
C. Thinking about future is helpful to relationship maintenance.
D. Focusing on current feelings is the real cause of your arguments.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，研究表明思考未来有助于维持关系。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“When couples have an argument about things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. (当情侣们就财务、嫉妒或其他人际问题发生争吵时，他们往往会利用当前的感受来引发激烈的争吵。)”可知，面对大多数分歧，恋人会专注于他们现在的感受。故选B项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation(调解) of interpersonal struggles. (先前的研究表明，第三视角推理可以成为调解人际冲突的积极策略。)”说明第三视角推理可以成为调解人际冲突的积极策略，从而推知划线词句“Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. (Huynh和他的合作者调查了是否仅仅通过思考未来，类似的好处就能被induced。)”其中划线短语意思是“产生，造成”。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present. (研究参与者被要求反思最近与恋人或亲密朋友的冲突。一组参与者被要求描述一年后他们对这场冲突的感受，而另一组参与者被要求描述他们现在的感受。)”可知，在这项研究中，参与者被要求写下他们对冲突的感受。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. (但是，根据滑铁卢大学在《社会心理与人格科学》网站上发表的一项研究，思考未来有助于克服关系冲突。)”和最后一段中“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict —reflecting on how one might feel a year from now may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being. (我们的研究表明，在感情冲突的背景下，采用面向未来的视角——反思一年后自己的感受——可能是一种有价值的应对工具，有助于一个人的心理幸福感和感情幸福感。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究，研究表明思考未来有助于维持关系。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You will be leaving this school at the end of this year and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is, “So, what do you want to be?” ____16____ But many of you still don’t have a clue! Here are some things you might want to consider.
First, choose a career that interests you. Some people might think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then-going to work every day won’t seem a chore. It’s also likely that you will stay and grow in this career. ____17____ This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.
Second, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破坏性的). ____18____ While many occupations are being taken over by new technology, jobs that require high-level of critical thinking, emotional intelligence and human interaction, remain in high demand. These jobs are more adaptable and not easily replaced by machines or technology.
Third, of course you will want to consider your chosen profession’s earning power! Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress. ____19____ If you have interests outside of work, or are struggling with other demands in your life, you might want to choose a less taxing line of work.
____20____ Let me leave you with an old saying: “Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.”
A. We need to be forward-looking at our future prospects.
B. Some of you may have, already decided on a career path.
C. Trying different work can help you choose your favorite profession.
D. People’s wages are lower in industries with slow technological change.
E. Only the truly motivated people will likely be able to face these challenges.
F. Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type.
G. It can’t be denied that thinking about a life-long career at this stage in your life is challenging.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对于选择职业给予了一些实用的建议。
【16题详解】
上文“So, what do you want to be? (那么，你想做什么？)”谈到了职业问题，选项B“你们中的一些人可能已经决定了自己的职业道路。”承接上文，说明有些人已经有了选择职业的决定，引出下文“But many of you still don’t have a clue! (但是很多人还没有线索！)”，转折语义，说明还有许多人没有决定。故选B项。
【17题详解】
下文“This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you. (这可以帮助你决定一条职业道路是否适合你。)”说明以上建议可以帮助决定选择一条适合自己的职业道路，选项F“在做选择之前，你应该检查一下自己的价值观、技能和性格类型。”给出了选择职业之前的建议，引出下文，下文是上文的结果。故选F项。
【18题详解】
上文“Second, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破坏性的). (第二，你正在考虑的职业是否有持久力？20年后还会有需求吗？快速的技术变革具有破坏性。)”说明需要考虑职业的未来发展如何，选项A“我们需要对未来的前景有前瞻性。”承接上文，和上文之间存在因果关系，因为快速的技术变革具有破坏性，所以需要考虑职业的未来前景。故选A项。
【19题详解】
上文“Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress. (虽然高薪是一部分原因，但你应该知道，高薪的工作可能需要更多的时间、更多的努力和更大的压力才能达到顶峰。)”说明高薪工作也有更高的付出，选项E“只有真正有动力的人才有可能面对这些挑战。”承接上文，和上文之间存在因果关系，因为高薪需要高付出，所以只有真正有动力的人才能面对挑战。故选E项。
【20题详解】
下文“Let me leave you with an old saying: ‘Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.’ (让我用一句老话来结尾：‘选择一份你喜欢的工作，那么你一生中就永远不用工作了。’)”建议选择自己喜欢的职业，选项G“不可否认，在人生的这个阶段考虑终身事业是具有挑战性的。”承接上面段落，引出下文，对文章总结概括。在人生的这个阶段考虑终身事业是具有挑战性的，因此尽量选择自己喜欢的职业。故选G项。
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分， 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a writer, my pregnancy(怀孕)became marked by worry as many people predicted I’d never read a book again once the baby was born. I felt____21____ by the apparent ____22____ people who cared about me displayed as to it, because I saw it as my upcoming misfortune. I could forgive them only by telling myself they couldn’t possibly ____23____ how important reading is to my well-being. I knew if I had to ____24____ reading, I wouldn’t be the best me.
Of course, my newborn required constant____25____. She wouldn’t sleep unless she was held, and she wanted to nurse all the time. But there’s a great benefit in ____26____ a baby who’s nursing or napping in your arms; it gives you lots of time to read. I had ____27____ using my e-reader until then, but it became my best friend as I discovered that I could ____28____ it with one hand and ____29____ library books when stuck in the house. In my daughter’s first year, I credited reading with getting me through those difficult early ____30____.
Reading is ____31____ to my mental health. I have discovered this is also true for my daughter. Every time she lost her____32____, I would____33____ her up, carry her to the reading chair, and open a book. As we ____34____ the chair, she often said, “Mama, please read me a story. It’s the only way I can calm down.”____35____ makes a better me and a better mother for my daughter.
21. A. touched B. impressed C. surprised D. worried
22. A. sadness B. joy C. envy D. nervousness
23. A. grasp B. believe C. deny D. assume
24. A. start B. continue C. forget D. quit
25. A. performance B. attention C. attraction D. rest
26. A. rocking B. rolling C. praising D. blaming
27. A. practiced B. enjoyed C. resisted D. appreciated
28. A. feel B. cover C. tap D. hold
29. A. download B. update C. purchase D. share
30. A. years B. months C. weeks D. hours
31. A. unnecessary B. unfavorable C. essential D. harmful
32. A. balance B. way C. toy D. temper
33. A. pick B. cast C. drag D. push
34. A. collapsed onto B. leaped over C. slid off D. settled into
35. A. Thinking B. Nursing C. Reading D. Parenting
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了阅读让作者成为了更好的自己，也成为了更好的母亲。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关心我的人对此表现出明显的喜悦，这让我感到担忧，因为我认为这是我即将到来的不幸。A. touched感动的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. worried担忧的。由上文“As a writer, my pregnancy(怀孕)became marked by worry as many people predicted I’d never read a book again once the baby was born”和下文“because I saw it as my upcoming misfortune”可知，作为一名作家，作者担心等孩子出生后自己将没有时间阅读，由此可知，作者对自己怀孕这件事感到担忧，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关心我的人对此表现出明显的喜悦，这让我感到担忧，因为我认为这是我即将到来的不幸。A. sadness伤心；B. joy喜悦；C. envy羡慕；D. nervousness紧张。由下文“people who cared about me”可知，关心作者的人肯定对作者怀孕表现出喜悦，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只能原谅他们，告诉自己，他们不可能理解阅读对我的幸福有多么重要。A. grasp理解；B. believe相信；C. deny否认；D. assume认为。由上文“I could forgive them only by telling myself they couldn’t possibly”和下文“how important reading is to my well-being.”可知，关心作者的人对作者怀孕表现出喜悦，而作者则担心怀孕会让自己无法阅读，由此可知，作者认为这些人无法理解阅读对她的重要性，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道如果我不得不放弃阅读，我就不会是最好的自己。A. start开始；B. continue继续；C. forget忘记；D. quit放弃，停止。由下文“I wouldn’t be the best me.”可知，阅读使人进步，放弃阅读后，作者不会再成为最好的自己，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，我的新生儿需要持续的照顾。A. performance表演；B. attention注意力；C. attraction吸引力；D. rest休息。由下文“She wouldn’t sleep unless she was held, and she wanted to nurse all the time. ”可知，新生儿需要有人抱着她睡觉，新生儿需要喂奶等，这说明新生儿一直需要持续的关注。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是摇晃在你怀里哺乳或打盹的婴儿有很大的好处，它给你很多时间阅读。A. rocking摇晃；B. rolling滚动；C. praising赞扬；D. blaming责备。由上文“She wouldn’t sleep unless she was held”和下文“a baby who’s nursing or napping in your arms”可知，此处指将宝宝放在怀中轻轻摇晃哄睡，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我一直拒绝使用我电子阅读器，但是它成了我最好的朋友，因为当我被困在房子里的时候，我发现我可以用一只手拿着它，下载图书馆的书。A. practiced练习；B. enjoyed喜欢；C. resisted抵制；D. appreciated欣赏，感激。由but可知，前后是转折关系，作者之前一直抵制使用电子阅读器，但现在却很喜欢用，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我一直拒绝使用我的电子阅读器，但是它成了我最好的朋友，因为当我被困在房子里的时候，我发现我可以用一只手拿着它，下载图书馆的书。A. feel感觉；B. cover覆盖；C. tap轻拍；D. hold拿着。由下文“it with one hand”可知，作者在抱着孩子时，用一只手拿着电子阅读器，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我一直拒绝使用我的电子阅读器，但是它成了我最好的朋友，因为当我被困在房子里的时候，我发现我可以用一只手拿着它，下载图书馆的书。A. download下载；B. update更新；C. purchase购买；D. share分享。由下文“library books”和上文提到的作者喜欢阅读可知，作者用电子阅读器下载图书馆的书阅读，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我女儿出生第一年的时候，我认为阅读帮助我度过了最初几个月的困难时期。A. years年；B. months月；C. weeks星期；D. hours小时。由上文“In my daughter’s first year”可知，此处指女儿出生第一年的前几个月，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阅读对我的心理健康至关重要。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unfavorable不利的；C. essential必要的；D. harmful有害的。由第一段中提到的“how important reading is to my well-being”可知，阅读对作者至关重要，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次她发脾气的时候，我都会抱起她，把她抱到阅读椅上，然后打开一本书。A. balance平衡；B. way方法；C. toy玩具；D. temper脾气。由上文“Reading is _______to my mental health. I have discovered this is also true for my daughter”可知，lose one’s temper固定搭配，意为“发脾气”，阅读对作者和女儿的心理健康都有好处，由此可推知，当女儿发脾气时，作者会给她阅读，使她平静，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次她发脾气的时候，我都会抱起她，把她抱到阅读椅上，然后打开一本书。A. pick捡起来；B. cast投，抛；C. drag拖，拉；D. push推。pick sb. up固定搭配，意为“抱起某人”，由下文“carry her to the reading chair”可知，抱起女儿，将她放在椅子上，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查词义辨析。句意：当我们坐在椅子上时，她经常说:“妈妈，请给我读一个故事。”A. collapsed onto倒在；B. leaped over跳过；C. slid off 滑出；D. settled into安顿。由上文“carry her to the reading chair”可知，作者将女儿放在椅子上，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阅读使我成为一个更好的自己，使我的女儿成为一个更好的母亲。A. Thinking思考；B. Nursing护理；C. Reading读书；D. Parenting养育。由第一段中提到的“how important reading is to my well-being”可知，整篇文章讲述了阅读对作者的重要性，由此可知，此处指阅读使作者成为更好的自己和更好的母亲，故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cheering, dancing and singing, local people and tourists gathered around the fire during the Torch Festival of the Yi People in Bijie’s Hezhang county, Guizhou, on Aug 12. The festival was listed ____36____a national intangible cultural heritage in 2011.
Though there are many ____37____(describe) of the origin of the festival, it mostly relates to the natural worship of fire. For the early Yi people who lived in high-altitude-mountainous-areas, fire ____38____(be) essential to light, warm, and cook food. There was ____39____old practice: Before bringing animal meat into the home, a small fire must first be lit outside the door and the meat should ____40____(smoke) on the fire to drive away filth. That’s ____41____the Yi people have a proverb that says, “Everything you eat must ‘see’ fire.” In farming, they used to light ____42____(pile) of branches and leaves and bury them in the ground later, ____43____(use) them to fertilize the land.
The Yi people used to celebrate the festival as a way to pray for a good harvest and to drive away evil from their home and farmland. Today, it has become a ____44____(society) event, through ____45____the Yi people not only share their joy and thanks for their good life, but also get more people to understand their lifestyle and traditions.
【答案】36. as 37. descriptions
38. was 39. an
40. be smoked
41. why 42. piles
43. using 44. social
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了彝族火把节的起源和庆祝方式。
【36题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：该节日在2011年被列为全国非物质文化遗产。be listed as固定搭配，意为“被列为”，故填as。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然关于节日的起源有很多描述，但大多与火的自然崇拜有关。此处应用名词description作主语，由many可知，应用复数，故填descriptions。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：对于居住在高海拔山区的早期彝族人来说，火是照明、取暖和烹饪食物的必要条件。由lived和句意可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语是不可数名词，故填was。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：有一个古老的做法：在把动物肉带进家里之前，必须先在门外生一个小火，然后在火上熏肉来驱赶污物。此处泛指一个做法，应用不定冠词来修饰，且old发音是以元音音素开头，应用an，故填an。
【40题详解】
考查语态。句意：有一个古老的做法：在把动物肉带进家里之前，必须先在门外生一个小火，然后在火上熏肉来驱赶污物。主语the meat和动词smoke是被动关系，应用be smoked与should构成含有情态动词的被动语态，故填be smoked。
【41题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么彝族有一句谚语说：“你吃的任何东西都必须‘看’到火。”空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，应用why来引导表语从句，故填why。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在农业方面，他们过去常常点燃成堆的树枝和树叶，然后把它们埋在地里，用它们来给土地施肥。piles of固定搭配，意为“一大堆”。故填piles。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在农业方面，他们过去常常点燃成堆树枝和树叶，然后把它们埋在地里，用它们来给土地施肥。此处是非谓语动词作状语，use和主语they是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，故填using。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今天，它已成为一个社会事件，通过它，彝族人民不仅分享他们的快乐和感谢他们的美好生活，而且让更多的人了解他们的生活方式和传统。此处应用形容词social作定语，修饰名词event，故填social。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：今天，它已成为一个社会事件，通过它，彝族人民不仅分享他们的快乐和感谢他们的美好生活，而且让更多的人了解他们的生活方式和传统。此处是介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词event，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 近日，日本将核污染水排海的事件引起了国际上的广泛关注。假如你是李华，请向某中学生英语报刊环保专栏投稿，表达对此事的看法。内容包括：
1. 发表看法
2. 发出呼吁
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇: 核污染水: nuclear-contaminated water
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Recently, Japan has poured nuclear-contaminated water into the sea, which caused widespread international attention.
I strongly condemn this action. As human beings, we should protect our sea and pouring nuclear-contaminated water into the sea should be forbidden. For one thing, nuclear-contaminated water may cause many sea animals to die. For another, people who eat marine products from the polluted sea will be sick.
As we all know, the ocean is very important for people. Pouring nuclear-contaminated water into the sea is harmful to sea animals and human beings, which should be stopped.
【解析】
【导语】本文是开放性作文。要求考生写一篇文章向中学生英语报刊环保专栏投稿，表达对日本将核污染水排海事件的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
引起：cause→lead to
谴责：condemn→denounce
禁止：forbid→ban
对……有害：be harmful to→do harm to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：For one thing, nuclear-contaminated water may cause many sea animals to die.
拓展句：For one thing, nuclear-contaminated water may cause many sea animals to die, which is bad to the enviroment.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, Japan has poured nuclear-contaminated water into the sea, which caused widespread international attention.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】 For another, people who eat marine products from the polluted sea will be sick.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Prissy came to us as a puppy, a little black Pekinese mix with the cutest face. As cute as she was, Prissy had one major flaw ——she couldn’t even find her way home from the mailbox.
We spent half our time hunting for that dog. We live in a rural community of northwest Georgia ——mostly woods and a small lake. She loved that lake, and spent most days patrolling the water’s edge for frogs.
Prissy didn’t always stay by the lake, though. She liked to explore. Consequently, it became an almost weekly ritual to look for her. We rescued her from a boot camp for troubled teens, a neighbor’s house six miles away, and even once from fifty feet up an oak tree.
Prissy was smart but she never paid attention to where she was going. She would just put her nose to the ground and start following a squirrel, rabbit or stray cat. When she finished her mission she would have no idea how she got wherever she ended up.
After a while, most of our closer neighbors knew her. Consequently, she never really “had” to find her way home because she would just go to the nearest front door and cry and whine until they let her in. They’d call, and we’d drive over and get her. If we weren’t home, they would just load her in their car and bring her home.
However, one time when she wandered off, no calls came in.
She had been missing for about fourteen hours, and none of our neighbors had seen her, so we decided to search by car. We drove up and down the surrounding roads calling out to her, driving slowly and checking house to house. After driving several miles in the surrounding area, we became discouraged and decided to head home to regroup and figure out what to do next.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Then, I caught a glimpse of something black in the road up ahead.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Relieved and overjoyed to have found her, we scooped Prissy up into our arms, showering her with affection.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Then, I caught a glimpse of something black in the road up ahead. My heart leaped as I squinted to get a better look, hoping it was Prissy. As we got closer, the little black figure came into focus, and there she was, our adventurous Pekinese mix, Prissy. She was sitting in the middle of the road, looking slightly disheveled but otherwise unharmed. Her tail was wagging furiously as she saw our car approaching. I quickly pulled over, and my family and I rushed out of the car, calling her name. Prissy bounded toward us with pure excitement, and it was a heartwarming reunion.
Relieved and overjoyed to have found her, we scooped Prissy up into our arms, showering her with affection. It seemed she had embarked on yet another one of her escapades, but this time, it had taken her further than ever before. As we made our way back home with Prissy safely in our car, we couldn’t help but chuckle at her unwavering spirit and her knack for turning every adventure into a neighborhood-wide search and rescue mission.
【解析】
【导语】本文以小狗为线索展开，讲述了小狗Prissy很小就到作者的家，Prissy很聪明，但是有个缺点，总是找不到回家的路。作者和家人总是要花时间找她，有时人们也会将Prissy送回来。这次Prissy不见了，也没有人送回来，作者和家人找了很久，几经周折，最终终于幸运地找到Prissy的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后，我瞥见前方路上有个黑色的东西。”可知，第一段可描写作者和家人找到Prissy的过程，他们都很高兴。
②由第二段首句内容“找到了Prissy，我们如释重负，喜出望外，一把把她抱在怀里，对她倾注了无限的爱。”可知，第二段可描写作者一家安全地将 Prissy 带回家的过程。
2.续写线索：希望——看到——激动——喊叫——扑来——安全——回家
3.词汇激活
行为类
①靠近：approach/ get close
②回家：make our way back home/go back home
情绪类
①心怦怦跳：my heart leaped/my heart beat very fast
②兴奋地：with pure excitement /excitedly/feverishly
【点睛】 [高分句型1]She was sitting in the middle of the road, looking slightly disheveled but otherwise unharmed.（运用了现分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]As we made our way back home with Prissy safely in our car, we couldn’t help but chuckle at her unwavering spirit and her knack for turning every adventure into a neighborhood -wide search and rescue mission.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
重庆育才中学 西南大学附属中学
高2024届拔尖强基联盟高三十月联合考试
英语试题
(总分:150分, 考试时间: 120分钟)
命题学校：重庆育才中学 2023年10月
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、座号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔填涂;答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写; 必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效;保持答卷清洁、完整。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回 (试题卷自己保存，以备评讲)。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much does the man tip?
A.$15. B.$13. C.$6.
2. Why does the woman want to return the sweater?
A. It is of poor quality.
B. The size is not suitable.
C. She doesn’t like the color.
3. What does Mr. Brown ask Mrs. Nelson to do?
A Turn down the music.
B. Talk to his neighbor.
C. Change his apartment.
4. What are the speakers likely to do?
A. Do their schoolwork.
B. Buy some clothes.
C. Go on a trip.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and parent.
B. Mother and son.
C. Co-workers.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料， 回答第6、7题。
6. Who spilled some drinks on the carpet?
A. The woman.
B. The woman’s kids.
C The woman’s husband.
When will the cleaner go to the woman’s house?
A、On Saturday morning.
B、On Saturday afternoon.
C. On Sunday morning.
听第7段材料， 回答第8、9题。
8. How many people will there be in the study group?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
9. Where will the speakers probably meet?
A. In the library. B. In the study hall. C. In the cafeteria.
听第8段材料， 回答第10至12题。
10. Z hat topic did Martin choose for his paper2,
A. Food and health.
B. Strawberry growing.
C. The history of the UK.
11. What does the woman think of Martin’s topic at the end of the conversation?
A. Amazing. B. Difficult. C. Boring.
12. Where are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In the classroom. C. In the library.
听第9段材料， 回答第13至16题。
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?;
A. Planning the weekend.
B. Preparing for college.
C. Signing up for courses.
14. What does the girl decide to do?
A. Cook food by herself.
B. Stop eating fast food.
C. Take some canned food.
15. What is the girl interested in?
A. Nature. B. Business. C. Physics.
16. What is the man’s attitude toward the girl’s decision?
A. Disapproving. B. Supportive. C. Ambiguous.
听第10段材料， 回答第17至20题。
17. What is Frank Wilczek’s famous research about?
A. The laws of nature.
B. The philosophy of universe.
C. The connection between science and math.
18. When did Frank Wilczek win a Nobel Prize?
A. l n 1951.
B、In 1973.
C. In 2004.
19. Which university did Frank Wilczek get his doctorate from?
A. Princeton University.
B. The University of Chicago.
C. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
20. Why does Heather Dill speak of Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein?
A. To show their contributions.
B. To show her respect for them.
C. To show Frank Wilczek’s greatness.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分５０分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Some of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you. Whether it’s using your home PC, taking part in a clinical trial, or simply volunteering your time for a study, you may be able to contribute to some of the ground-breaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world leader in research. Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.
Seeking poor sleepers for insomnia (失眠) research
Trouble sleeping? Researchers from the Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute are evaluating different interventions aimed at improving sleep. We are looking for poor sleepers between the ages of 18 and 65. Participation will involve spending overnights in the sleep laboratory at Oxford, monitoring your sleep/wake cycle, and completing computerized tasks. If you are interested, pleasecontacttheresearchteamatinsomnia@ndcn.ox.ac.uk
Volunteers with lazy eye wanted
Wearelookingforvolunteerswithahistoryoflazyeyetotakepartinourbrainscanningstudy.Wearelooking for health y volunteers aged 18-45 with a history of lazy eye. You will also be asked questions about your medical history to check your suitability for an MRI scan. Call 01865 223622 for more information.
Oxford Vaccine Group
The Oxford Vaccine Group is an independent multi-disciplinary(多学科的) clinical trials group. OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection in adults and children, enhancing the understanding of immunity and studying the epidemiology of infectious diseases. To get more information, please see the OVG website.
Oxford Experimental lab for the Social Sciences
The Oxford Internet Institute, together with the Business School, is recruiting individuals to participate in computer-based experiments involving online surfing behavior as well as economic and political decision-making.
We pay our subjects well, there are no special skills required and you don’t have to come to the lab in person. Contact usatsocialsciencestudy@ox.ac.ukformoreinformation.
1. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To look for research subjects. B. To offer medical help to patients.
C. To introduce new research programs. D. To recruit experienced researchers.
2. What does OVG work on?
A. Carrying out operations. B. Producing better vaccines.
C. Learning more about infection. D. Studying the causes of diseases.
3. Which project can you probably participate in if you can’t be physically present?
A. Oxford Vaccine Group. B. Insomnia research group.
C. Brain Scanning study group. D. Oxford Experimental lab.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要讲述了牛津大学招募志愿者参加各类研究项目的通知。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Some of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you. Whether it’s using your home PC, taking part in a clinical trial, or simply volunteering your time for a study, you may be able to contribute to some of the ground-breaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world leader in research. Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.(我们的一些研究项目依赖于像你这样慷慨的人。无论是使用家用电脑，参加临床试验，或者只是志愿参加研究，你都可以为一些开创性的项目做出贡献，这些项目使牛津大学成为研究领域的世界领先者。观察这个空间，找出你可以参与其中的方式。)”可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是为研究项目招募研究对象，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Oxford Vaccine Group部分中的“OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection in adults and children, enhancing the understanding of immunity and studying the epidemiology of infectious diseases. (OVG 致力于开发新的和改进的疫苗，以预防成人和儿童感染，提高对免疫力的认识，并研究传染病的流行病学。)”可知，OVG致力于生产出更好的疫苗，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Oxford Experimental lab for the Social Sciences部分中的“We pay our subjects well, there are no special skills required and you don’t have to come to the lab in person.(我们给实验对象很好的报酬，没有特殊的技能要求，你也不必亲自来实验室。)”可知，如果你不能亲自出席，你可以参加Oxford Experimental lab这个项目，故选D。
B
Jose Alberto Gutierrez’s life would never be the same again after finding a copy of Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy in the garbage 20 years ago. It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods at night and seeing deserted books. It sparked his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage. He took home between 50 and 60 books every morning after his nine-hour shift. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library.
Colombia’s capital city of Bogota has 13 million residents and 19 public libraries. However, these libraries tend to be far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is non-existent for families struggling to make ends meet. Having access to a library of books and being taken away to another world while immersed in a book is a luxury for the kids who visit Gutierrez’s library.
Gutierrez grew up poor and his family could not afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, his mother was a keen reader and read stories to him every night. Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutierrez, who never let a lack of formal education stop him from reading classics by the likes of Victor Hugo, Mario Vargas Llosa and Gabriel Garcia Marquez.
Today, his community library, called “The Strength of Words”, occupies most of his home and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non-fiction titles. Everything from school textbooks to story books can be found in his collection of more than 20,000 books!
The Strength of Words library opens every weekend. It is not just school-going children who are enjoying the benefits of The Strength of Words library. Adults are also welcome to expand their horizons and develop new skills to build a better life for themselves.
Despite having done so much for his community, Gutierrez is not yet content to call it a day. He continues to search through bins for reading material and has even travelled to book fairs in Mexico and Chile to sell his idea of building library from unwanted books.
4. What inspired Gutierrez to build the community library?
A. Famous novelists he liked very much.
B. The dilemma he faced on the night shift.
C. Abandoned books he came across at work.
D. The hobby he has taken up since childhood.
5. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3?
A. Gutierrez’s mother was a good reader.
B. Gutierrez was greatly influenced by his mother.
C. Gutierrez led a difficult life during his childhood.
D. Gutierrez had a disadvantage of poor education.
6. Which of the following can best describe Gutierrez?
A. Responsible and ambitious. B. Humble and thoughtful.
C. Committed and sensitive. D. Creative and courageous.
7. What does Gutierrez’s story tell us?
A. A book holds a house of gold.
B. Constant dropping wears the stone.
C. Good things come to those who wait.
D. One man’s trash is another man’s treasure.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了清洁工Gutierrez将废弃书籍收集起来，创建社区图书馆，为低收入家庭提供阅读机会的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods at night and seeing deserted books. It sparked his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage. He took home between 50 and 60 books every morning after his nine-hour shift. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library. (这件事发生在他晚上开着垃圾车经过富裕社区，看到了被遗弃的书时。这激发了他开始从垃圾中拯救书籍的愿望。在9小时的轮班后，他每天早上带回家50到60本书。最后，他把自己的藏书变成了一个社区图书馆。)”可知，Gutierrez在工作中偶然发现的废弃书籍启发了他创建社区图书馆。故选C项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Gutierrez grew up poor, and his family could not afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, his mother was a keen reader and read stories to him every night. Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutierrez, who never let a lack of formal education stop him from reading classic s by the likes of Victor Hugo, Mario Vargas Llosa and Gabriel Garcia Marquez.(Gutierrez出身贫寒，他的家庭负担不起他小学以后的教育费用。然而，他的母亲是一个热心的读者，每天晚上读故事给他听。她对书籍的热爱给Gutierrez留下了深刻的印象，他从不让缺乏正规教育阻止他阅读维克多·雨果、马里奥·巴尔加斯·略萨和加布里埃尔·加西亚·马尔克斯等人的经典作品)”可知，本段主要讲述了Gutierrez的母亲对书籍的热爱给Gutierrez带来得巨大影响。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Colombia’s capital city of Bogota has 13 million residents and 19 public libraries. However, these libraries tend to be far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is non-existent for families struggling to make ends meet. Having access to a library of books and being taken away to another world while immersed in a book is a luxury for the kids who visit Gutierrez’s library.(哥伦比亚首都波哥大拥有1300万居民和19个公共图书馆。然而，这些图书馆往往远离农村和贫困社区。对于入不敷出的家庭来说，购买新书的选择是不存在的。对于参观Gutierrez图书馆的孩子们来说，能够进入图书馆，沉浸在书中，被带到另一个世界是一种奢侈)”可知，Gutierrez考虑到贫困家庭买不起新书，孩子没有书可读，说明Gutierrez对他人的关心；根据最后一段“Despite having done so much for his community, Gutierrez is not yet content to call it a day.(尽管为他的社区做了这么多，古铁雷斯还不满足于现在就结束)”可知，Gutierrez认为自己做的还不够，是谦虚的。所以Gutierrez是谦逊而体贴的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“It sparked his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage. He took home between 50 and 60 books every morning after his nine-hour shift. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library. (这激发了他开始从垃圾中拯救书籍的愿望。在9小时的轮班后，他每天早上带回家50到60本书。最后，他把自己的藏书变成了一个社区图书馆。)”可知，本文讲述了Gutierrez将废弃书籍收集起来，创建社区图书馆，为低收入家庭提供阅读机会的故事。所以D项“变废为宝”最契合文章主题。故选D项。
C
From rolling hills to mountain ranges, views make any road trip memorable, but for blin d passengers this is part of the experience they miss. Motor company Ford tries to change that. It teamed up with GTB Rom a and AedoProject—to develop a technology that will give those unfortunate passengers a way to feel nature’s beauty through their car windows.
The prototype (原型) of the smart car window has a device with an outside-facing camera. With just a press of a button, the system takes a picture of the current view. The colorful picture is then turned into an image with different shades of grey through, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes over different regions of the image, its shaking movements provide feedback through the sense of touch to the person using it. The smart window also comes with a voice assistant that uses AI to identify the scene and help the passengers get information on what they’re seeing.
“As the prototype started taking shape, we realized we were giving birth to a completely new language that would give blind people a new chance to visualize and experience traveling,” Federico Russo.-one director of GTBRoma, said. “When the idea was at its first stage, we looked for suppliers all around the world to make it come to life.” He believes the technology can be employed not just in cars. “It could be introduced into schools and in stitutions for blind people as a tool that could be used in multiple ways.”
The technology may show up in a Ford autonomous vehicle. It’s known that the company is testing their technology and future business model and struggling to figure out how an autonomous vehicle gives different passengers the details needed to get from one destination to another. It’s unclear when this technology will be made available. However, the idea of building something for the less advanced is indeed a kind and influential action.
8. How does the smart car window work?
A. By sorting shaking movements. B. By recording the view with a camera.
C. By translating scenery into vibrations. D. By presenting different shades of colors.
9. What can we know about the technology according to Federico Russø?
A. It will have wide application. B. It will be used in schools first.
C. It will be tested around the world. D. It will understand different languages.
10. What difficulty is Ford facing currently?
A. How to explore their future business model.
B. How the technology is applied to everyday life.
C. How to produce autonomous cars in large numbers.
D. How an autonomous vehicle provides route information.
11. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. AI-based Window Adds Fun to Road Trips
B. Ford Develops a System for the Blind to Drive
C. Smart Window Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views
D. Technology Makes Blind People’s Trip Enjoyable
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。福特公司联合GTB Roma和Aedo Project研发了一款智能车窗，帮助盲人感受旅途中的风景，带给盲人全新的旅行体验。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The prototype (原型) of the smart car window has a device with an outside-facing camera. With just a press of a button, the system takes a picture of the current view. The colorful picture is then turned into an image with different shades of grey through, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes over different regions of the image, its shaking movements provide feedback through the sense of touch to the person using it.(智能车窗的原型有一个面向外部的摄像头。只需按下一个按钮，系统就会拍下当前视图的照片。然后通过不同震动的LED灯将彩色图像转换成不同灰度的图像。当手指经过图像的不同区域时，它的抖动动作通过触觉向使用它的人提供反馈)”可知，智能车窗通过将风景转化为振动，它的抖动动作通过触觉向使用它的人提供反馈。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“He believes the technology can be employed not just in cars. “It could be introduced into schools and in stitutions for blind people as a tool that could be used in multiple ways.”(他认为，这项技术不仅可以应用于汽车。“它可以作为一种工具引入学校和盲人机构，可以以多种方式使用。”)”可知，Federico Russo认为，这项技术不仅可以应用于汽车，还可以作为一种多用途的工具引入盲人学校和为盲人服务的机构。由此可推知，Federico Russo认为这项技术有广泛的应用价值。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s known that the company is testing their technology and future business model and struggling to figure out how an autonomous vehicle gives different passengers the details needed to get from one destination to another. It’s unclear when this technology will be made available.(众所周知，该公司正在测试他们的技术和未来的商业模式，并努力弄清楚自动驾驶汽车如何为不同的乘客提供从一个目的地到另一个目的地所需的细节。目前还不清楚这项技术何时能投入使用)”可知，福特目前面临的困难是如何为不同的乘客提供从一个目的地到另一个目的地所需的细节，也就是自动驾驶汽车如何提供路线信息。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了福特公司联合GTB Roma和Aedo Project研发了一款智能车窗，这种智能车窗使盲人有可能感受到旅途中的风景，故D项“Smart Window Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views(智能窗户让乘客感受美景)”作标题最为恰当。故选D项。
D
When couples have an argument about things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh, a doctoral candidate in psychology is the lead author of the study, which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo, and Daniel Yang from Yale University.
Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation (调解) of interpersonal struggles. Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.
The team examined participants’ written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns—such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants’ focus on the feelings and behaviourofthoseinvolvedintheconflict.Writtenresponseswerealsoexaminedforforgivenessandreinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants’ use of reasoning strategies.
The researchers found that envisioning future relationship affected both participants’ focus on their feelings, and their reasoning strategies. As a result, participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether, especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.
“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict —reflecting on how one might feel a year from now may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being,” said Huynh.
12. What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements?
A. They lose faith in their future. B. They focus on their present feelings.
C. They look forward to a fierce conflict. D. They care more about financial problems.
13. What does the underlined word “induced” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Caused. B. Explained.
C. Reduced. D. Influenced.
14. What were participants asked to do in the study?
A. Argue with their romantic partners.
B. Examine their use of pronouns.
C. Respond to a text-analysis program.
D. Write down their feelings about a conflict.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Reasoning properly is necessary for reconciliation.
B. Extending a year is a solution to your personal problems.
C. Thinking about future is helpful to relationship maintenance.
D. Focusing on current feelings is the real cause of your arguments.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，研究表明思考未来有助于维持关系。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“When couples have an argument about things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. (当情侣们就财务、嫉妒或其他人际问题发生争吵时，他们往往会利用当前的感受来引发激烈的争吵。)”可知，面对大多数分歧，恋人会专注于他们现在的感受。故选B项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation(调解) of interpersonal struggles. (先前的研究表明，第三视角推理可以成为调解人际冲突的积极策略。)”说明第三视角推理可以成为调解人际冲突的积极策略，从而推知划线词句“Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. (Huynh和他的合作者调查了是否仅仅通过思考未来，类似的好处就能被induced。)”其中划线短语意思是“产生，造成”。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present. (研究参与者被要求反思最近与恋人或亲密朋友的冲突。一组参与者被要求描述一年后他们对这场冲突的感受，而另一组参与者被要求描述他们现在的感受。)”可知，在这项研究中，参与者被要求写下他们对冲突的感受。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. (但是，根据滑铁卢大学在《社会心理与人格科学》网站上发表的一项研究，思考未来有助于克服关系冲突。)”和最后一段中“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict —reflecting on how one might feel a year from now may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being. (我们的研究表明，在感情冲突的背景下，采用面向未来的视角——反思一年后自己的感受——可能是一种有价值的应对工具，有助于一个人的心理幸福感和感情幸福感。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究，研究表明思考未来有助于维持关系。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You will be leaving this school at the end of this year and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is, “So, what do you want to be?” ____16____ But many of you still don’t have a clue! Here are some things you might want to consider.
First, choose a career that interests you. Some people might think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then-going to work every day won’t seem a chore. It’s also likely that you will stay and grow in this career. ____17____ This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.
Second, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破坏性的). ____18____ While many occupations are being taken over by new technology, jobs that require high-level of critical thinking, emotional intelligence and human interaction, remain in high demand. These jobs are more adaptable and not easily replaced by machines or technology.
Third, of course you will want to consider your chosen profession’s earning power! Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress. ____19____ If you have interests outside of work, or are struggling with other demands in your life, you might want to choose a less taxing line of work.
____20____ Let me leave you with an old saying: “Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.”
A. We need to be forward-looking at our future prospects.
B. Some of you may have, already decided on a career path.
C. Trying different work can help you choose your favorite profession.
D. People’s wages are lower in industries with slow technological change.
E. Only the truly motivated people will likely be able to face these challenges.
F. Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type.
G. It can’t be denied that thinking about a life-long career at this stage in your life is challenging.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对于选择职业给予了一些实用的建议。
【16题详解】
上文“So, what do you want to be? (那么，你想做什么？)”谈到了职业问题，选项B“你们中的一些人可能已经决定了自己的职业道路。”承接上文，说明有些人已经有了选择职业的决定，引出下文“But many of you still don’t have a clue! (但是很多人还没有线索！)”，转折语义，说明还有许多人没有决定。故选B项。
【17题详解】
下文“This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you. (这可以帮助你决定一条职业道路是否适合你。)”说明以上建议可以帮助决定选择一条适合自己的职业道路，选项F“在做选择之前，你应该检查一下自己的价值观、技能和性格类型。”给出了选择职业之前的建议，引出下文，下文是上文的结果。故选F项。
【18题详解】
上文“Second, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破坏性的). (第二，你正在考虑的职业是否有持久力？20年后还会有需求吗？快速的技术变革具有破坏性。)”说明需要考虑职业的未来发展如何，选项A“我们需要对未来的前景有前瞻性。”承接上文，和上文之间存在因果关系，因为快速的技术变革具有破坏性，所以需要考虑职业的未来前景。故选A项。
【19题详解】
上文“Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress. (虽然高薪是一部分原因，但你应该知道，高薪的工作可能需要更多的时间、更多的努力和更大的压力才能达到顶峰。)”说明高薪工作也有更高的付出，选项E“只有真正有动力的人才有可能面对这些挑战。”承接上文，和上文之间存在因果关系，因为高薪需要高付出，所以只有真正有动力的人才能面对挑战。故选E项。
【20题详解】
下文“Let me leave you with an old saying: ‘Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.’ (让我用一句老话来结尾：‘选择一份你喜欢的工作，那么你一生中就永远不用工作了。’)”建议选择自己喜欢的职业，选项G“不可否认，在人生的这个阶段考虑终身事业是具有挑战性的。”承接上面段落，引出下文，对文章总结概括。在人生的这个阶段考虑终身事业是具有挑战性的，因此尽量选择自己喜欢的职业。故选G项。
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分， 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a writer, my pregnancy(怀孕)became marked by worry as many people predicted I’d never read a book again once the baby was born. I felt____21____ by the apparent ____22____ people who cared about me displayed as to it, because I saw it as my upcoming misfortune. I could forgive them only by telling myself they couldn’t possibly ____23____ how important reading is to my well-being. I knew if I had to ____24____ reading, I wouldn’t be the best me.
Of course, my newborn required constant____25____. She wouldn’t sleep unless she was held, and she wanted to nurse all the time. But there’s a great benefit in ____26____ a baby who’s nursing or napping in your arms; it gives you lots of time to read. I had ____27____ using my e-reader until then, but it became my best friend as I discovered that I could ____28____ it with one hand and ____29____ library books when stuck in the house. In my daughter’s first year, I credited reading with getting me through those difficult early ____30____.
Reading is ____31____ to my mental health. I have discovered this is also true for my daughter. Every time she lost her____32____, I would____33____ her up, carry her to the reading chair, and open a book. As we ____34____ the chair, she often said, “Mama, please read me a story. It’s the only way I can calm down.”____35____ makes a better me and a better mother for my daughter.
21. A. touched B. impressed C. surprised D. worried
22. A. sadness B. joy C. envy D. nervousness
23. A. grasp B. believe C. deny D. assume
24. A. start B. continue C. forget D. quit
25. A. performance B. attention C. attraction D. rest
26. A. rocking B. rolling C. praising D. blaming
27. A. practiced B. enjoyed C. resisted D. appreciated
28. A. feel B. cover C. tap D. hold
29. A. download B. update C. purchase D. share
30. A. years B. months C. weeks D. hours
31. A. unnecessary B. unfavorable C. essential D. harmful
32. A. balance B. way C. toy D. temper
33. A. pick B. cast C. drag D. push
34. A. collapsed onto B. leaped over C. slid off D. settled into
35. A. Thinking B. Nursing C. Reading D. Parenting
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了阅读让作者成为了更好的自己，也成为了更好的母亲。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关心我的人对此表现出明显的喜悦，这让我感到担忧，因为我认为这是我即将到来的不幸。A. touched感动的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. worried担忧的。由上文“As a writer, my pregnancy(怀孕)became marked by worry as many people predicted I’d never read a book again once the baby was born”和下文“because I saw it as my upcoming misfortune”可知，作为一名作家，作者担心等孩子出生后自己将没有时间阅读，由此可知，作者对自己怀孕这件事感到担忧，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关心我的人对此表现出明显的喜悦，这让我感到担忧，因为我认为这是我即将到来的不幸。A. sadness伤心；B. joy喜悦；C. envy羡慕；D. nervousness紧张。由下文“people who cared about me”可知，关心作者的人肯定对作者怀孕表现出喜悦，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只能原谅他们，告诉自己，他们不可能理解阅读对我的幸福有多么重要。A. grasp理解；B. believe相信；C. deny否认；D. assume认为。由上文“I could forgive them only by telling myself they couldn’t possibly”和下文“how important reading is to my well-being.”可知，关心作者的人对作者怀孕表现出喜悦，而作者则担心怀孕会让自己无法阅读，由此可知，作者认为这些人无法理解阅读对她的重要性，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道如果我不得不放弃阅读，我就不会是最好的自己。A. start开始；B. continue继续；C. forget忘记；D. quit放弃，停止。由下文“I wouldn’t be the best me.”可知，阅读使人进步，放弃阅读后，作者不会再成为最好的自己，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，我的新生儿需要持续的照顾。A. performance表演；B. attention注意力；C. attraction吸引力；D. rest休息。由下文“She wouldn’t sleep unless she was held, and she wanted to nurse all the time. ”可知，新生儿需要有人抱着她睡觉，新生儿需要喂奶等，这说明新生儿一直需要持续的关注。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是摇晃在你怀里哺乳或打盹的婴儿有很大的好处，它给你很多时间阅读。A. rocking摇晃；B. rolling滚动；C. praising赞扬；D. blaming责备。由上文“She wouldn’t sleep unless she was held”和下文“a baby who’s nursing or napping in your arms”可知，此处指将宝宝放在怀中轻轻摇晃哄睡，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我一直拒绝使用我电子阅读器，但是它成了我最好的朋友，因为当我被困在房子里的时候，我发现我可以用一只手拿着它，下载图书馆的书。A. practiced练习；B. enjoyed喜欢；C. resisted抵制；D. appreciated欣赏，感激。由but可知，前后是转折关系，作者之前一直抵制使用电子阅读器，但现在却很喜欢用，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我一直拒绝使用我的电子阅读器，但是它成了我最好的朋友，因为当我被困在房子里的时候，我发现我可以用一只手拿着它，下载图书馆的书。A. feel感觉；B. cover覆盖；C. tap轻拍；D. hold拿着。由下文“it with one hand”可知，作者在抱着孩子时，用一只手拿着电子阅读器，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我一直拒绝使用我的电子阅读器，但是它成了我最好的朋友，因为当我被困在房子里的时候，我发现我可以用一只手拿着它，下载图书馆的书。A. download下载；B. update更新；C. purchase购买；D. share分享。由下文“library books”和上文提到的作者喜欢阅读可知，作者用电子阅读器下载图书馆的书阅读，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我女儿出生第一年的时候，我认为阅读帮助我度过了最初几个月的困难时期。A. years年；B. months月；C. weeks星期；D. hours小时。由上文“In my daughter’s first year”可知，此处指女儿出生第一年的前几个月，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阅读对我的心理健康至关重要。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unfavorable不利的；C. essential必要的；D. harmful有害的。由第一段中提到的“how important reading is to my well-being”可知，阅读对作者至关重要，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次她发脾气的时候，我都会抱起她，把她抱到阅读椅上，然后打开一本书。A. balance平衡；B. way方法；C. toy玩具；D. temper脾气。由上文“Reading is _______to my mental health. I have discovered this is also true for my daughter”可知，lose one’s temper固定搭配，意为“发脾气”，阅读对作者和女儿的心理健康都有好处，由此可推知，当女儿发脾气时，作者会给她阅读，使她平静，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次她发脾气的时候，我都会抱起她，把她抱到阅读椅上，然后打开一本书。A. pick捡起来；B. cast投，抛；C. drag拖，拉；D. push推。pick sb. up固定搭配，意为“抱起某人”，由下文“carry her to the reading chair”可知，抱起女儿，将她放在椅子上，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查词义辨析。句意：当我们坐在椅子上时，她经常说:“妈妈，请给我读一个故事。”A. collapsed onto倒在；B. leaped over跳过；C. slid off 滑出；D. settled into安顿。由上文“carry her to the reading chair”可知，作者将女儿放在椅子上，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阅读使我成为一个更好的自己，使我的女儿成为一个更好的母亲。A. Thinking思考；B. Nursing护理；C. Reading读书；D. Parenting养育。由第一段中提到的“how important reading is to my well-being”可知，整篇文章讲述了阅读对作者的重要性，由此可知，此处指阅读使作者成为更好的自己和更好的母亲，故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cheering, dancing and singing, local people and tourists gathered around the fire during the Torch Festival of the Yi People in Bijie’s Hezhang county, Guizhou, on Aug 12. The festival was listed ____36____a national intangible cultural heritage in 2011.
Though there are many ____37____(describe) of the origin of the festival, it mostly relates to the natural worship of fire. For the early Yi people who lived in high-altitude-mountainous-areas, fire ____38____(be) essential to light, warm, and cook food. There was ____39____old practice: Before bringing animal meat into the home, a small fire must first be lit outside the door and the meat should ____40____(smoke) on the fire to drive away filth. That’s ____41____the Yi people have a proverb that says, “Everything you eat must ‘see’ fire.” In farming, they used to light ____42____(pile) of branches and leaves and bury them in the ground later, ____43____(use) them to fertilize the land.
The Yi people used to celebrate the festival as a way to pray for a good harvest and to drive away evil from their home and farmland. Today, it has become a ____44____(society) event, through ____45____the Yi people not only share their joy and thanks for their good life, but also get more people to understand their lifestyle and traditions.
【答案】36. as 37. descriptions
38. was 39. an
40. be smoked
41. why 42. piles
43. using 44. social
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了彝族火把节的起源和庆祝方式。
【36题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：该节日在2011年被列为全国非物质文化遗产。be listed as固定搭配，意为“被列为”，故填as。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然关于节日的起源有很多描述，但大多与火的自然崇拜有关。此处应用名词description作主语，由many可知，应用复数，故填descriptions。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：对于居住在高海拔山区的早期彝族人来说，火是照明、取暖和烹饪食物的必要条件。由lived和句意可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语是不可数名词，故填was。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：有一个古老的做法：在把动物肉带进家里之前，必须先在门外生一个小火，然后在火上熏肉来驱赶污物。此处泛指一个做法，应用不定冠词来修饰，且old发音是以元音音素开头，应用an，故填an。
【40题详解】
考查语态。句意：有一个古老的做法：在把动物肉带进家里之前，必须先在门外生一个小火，然后在火上熏肉来驱赶污物。主语the meat和动词smoke是被动关系，应用be smoked与should构成含有情态动词的被动语态，故填be smoked。
【41题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么彝族有一句谚语说：“你吃的任何东西都必须‘看’到火。”空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，应用why来引导表语从句，故填why。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在农业方面，他们过去常常点燃成堆的树枝和树叶，然后把它们埋在地里，用它们来给土地施肥。piles of固定搭配，意为“一大堆”。故填piles。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在农业方面，他们过去常常点燃成堆树枝和树叶，然后把它们埋在地里，用它们来给土地施肥。此处是非谓语动词作状语，use和主语they是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，故填using。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今天，它已成为一个社会事件，通过它，彝族人民不仅分享他们的快乐和感谢他们的美好生活，而且让更多的人了解他们的生活方式和传统。此处应用形容词social作定语，修饰名词event，故填social。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：今天，它已成为一个社会事件，通过它，彝族人民不仅分享他们的快乐和感谢他们的美好生活，而且让更多的人了解他们的生活方式和传统。此处是介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词event，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 近日，日本将核污染水排海的事件引起了国际上的广泛关注。假如你是李华，请向某中学生英语报刊环保专栏投稿，表达对此事的看法。内容包括：
1. 发表看法
2. 发出呼吁
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇: 核污染水: nuclear-contaminated water
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Recently, Japan has poured nuclear-contaminated water into the sea, which caused widespread international attention.
I strongly condemn this action. As human beings, we should protect our sea and pouring nuclear-contaminated water into the sea should be forbidden. For one thing, nuclear-contaminated water may cause many sea animals to die. For another, people who eat marine products from the polluted sea will be sick.
As we all know, the ocean is very important for people. Pouring nuclear-contaminated water into the sea is harmful to sea animals and human beings, which should be stopped.
【解析】
【导语】本文是开放性作文。要求考生写一篇文章向中学生英语报刊环保专栏投稿，表达对日本将核污染水排海事件的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
引起：cause→lead to
谴责：condemn→denounce
禁止：forbid→ban
对……有害：be harmful to→do harm to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：For one thing, nuclear-contaminated water may cause many sea animals to die.
拓展句：For one thing, nuclear-contaminated water may cause many sea animals to die, which is bad to the enviroment.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, Japan has poured nuclear-contaminated water into the sea, which caused widespread international attention.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】 For another, people who eat marine products from the polluted sea will be sick.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Prissy came to us as a puppy, a little black Pekinese mix with the cutest face. As cute as she was, Prissy had one major flaw ——she couldn’t even find her way home from the mailbox.
We spent half our time hunting for that dog. We live in a rural community of northwest Georgia ——mostly woods and a small lake. She loved that lake, and spent most days patrolling the water’s edge for frogs.
Prissy didn’t always stay by the lake, though. She liked to explore. Consequently, it became an almost weekly ritual to look for her. We rescued her from a boot camp for troubled teens, a neighbor’s house six miles away, and even once from fifty feet up an oak tree.
Prissy was smart but she never paid attention to where she was going. She would just put her nose to the ground and start following a squirrel, rabbit or stray cat. When she finished her mission she would have no idea how she got wherever she ended up.
After a while, most of our closer neighbors knew her. Consequently, she never really “had” to find her way home because she would just go to the nearest front door and cry and whine until they let her in. They’d call, and we’d drive over and get her. If we weren’t home, they would just load her in their car and bring her home.
However, one time when she wandered off, no calls came in.
She had been missing for about fourteen hours, and none of our neighbors had seen her, so we decided to search by car. We drove up and down the surrounding roads calling out to her, driving slowly and checking house to house. After driving several miles in the surrounding area, we became discouraged and decided to head home to regroup and figure out what to do next.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Then, I caught a glimpse of something black in the road up ahead.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Relieved and overjoyed to have found her, we scooped Prissy up into our arms, showering her with affection.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Then, I caught a glimpse of something black in the road up ahead. My heart leaped as I squinted to get a better look, hoping it was Prissy. As we got closer, the little black figure came into focus, and there she was, our adventurous Pekinese mix, Prissy. She was sitting in the middle of the road, looking slightly disheveled but otherwise unharmed. Her tail was wagging furiously as she saw our car approaching. I quickly pulled over, and my family and I rushed out of the car, calling her name. Prissy bounded toward us with pure excitement, and it was a heartwarming reunion.
Relieved and overjoyed to have found her, we scooped Prissy up into our arms, showering her with affection. It seemed she had embarked on yet another one of her escapades, but this time, it had taken her further than ever before. As we made our way back home with Prissy safely in our car, we couldn’t help but chuckle at her unwavering spirit and her knack for turning every adventure into a neighborhood-wide search and rescue mission.
【解析】
【导语】本文以小狗为线索展开，讲述了小狗Prissy很小就到作者的家，Prissy很聪明，但是有个缺点，总是找不到回家的路。作者和家人总是要花时间找她，有时人们也会将Prissy送回来。这次Prissy不见了，也没有人送回来，作者和家人找了很久，几经周折，最终终于幸运地找到Prissy的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后，我瞥见前方路上有个黑色的东西。”可知，第一段可描写作者和家人找到Prissy的过程，他们都很高兴。
②由第二段首句内容“找到了Prissy，我们如释重负，喜出望外，一把把她抱在怀里，对她倾注了无限的爱。”可知，第二段可描写作者一家安全地将 Prissy 带回家的过程。
2.续写线索：希望——看到——激动——喊叫——扑来——安全——回家
3.词汇激活
行为类
①靠近：approach/ get close
②回家：make our way back home/go back home
情绪类
①心怦怦跳：my heart leaped/my heart beat very fast
②兴奋地：with pure excitement /excitedly/feverishly
【点睛】 [高分句型1]She was sitting in the middle of the road, looking slightly disheveled but otherwise unharmed.（运用了现分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]As we made our way back home with Prissy safely in our car, we couldn’t help but chuckle at her unwavering spirit and her knack for turning every adventure into a neighborhood -wide search and rescue mission.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
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