上海南汇中学2023-2024学年高三学期上10月阶段练习英语试题

这是一份上海南汇中学2023-2024学年高三学期上10月阶段练习英语试题，文件包含六上31《紧密联系的工具和技术》pptx、六上31《紧密联系的工具与技术》docx、第1课-紧密联系的工具和技术mp4等3份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共21页， 欢迎下载使用。
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
It's harder t heal at night
Circadian rhythm, better knwn as ur bdy clck, is the cycle that keeps us mving n. During a 24-hur cycle it helps (21) _________ (drive) multiple prcesses in the bdy, frm hrmne secretin and sleeping patterns t metablism. And researchers at the Medical Research Cuncil (MRC) Labratry f Mlecular Bilgy in Cambridge have discvered that this cycle can affect the healing f wunds such as cuts and burns.
Dr Jhn O'Neill, the senir authr f the study, said. "This is the first time that the circadian clck within individual skin cells (22) _________ (snw) t determine hw effectively they respnd t injuries."
The study fund that, n average, burns that (23) _________ (ccur) at night tk 60 percent lnger t heal than burns that happened during the bdy clck daytime cycle. Nighttime burns (sustained between 8 p.m. and 8 a.m.) healed arund 28 days (24) _________ (late) when it was 17 days if a burn was sustained during the day (between 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. ) The study drew these cnclusins after (25) _________ (analyze) data frm 118 patient recrds frm all majr burns units in England and Wales.
The reasning behind the differences in healing time is due t (26) _________ lng it takes fr skin cells t mve t the site f the wund and begin repairs, a prcess that ccurs mre quickly during the daytime. This is driven by increased activity f the prtein within the cell, (27) _________ act like a muscle within the cell.
In a statement, Dr Ned Hyle, the lead authr f the study, said, "We've shwn that the daily cycles in ur bdy clck cntrl hw well cell repairs (28) _________ (damage) tissue by affecting an essential prtein called actin. Efficient repair f ur skin is critical t preventing infectin, and (29) _________ healing ges wrng, wunds need mre time t heal. Further research int the link (30) _________ bdy clcks and wund healing may help us t develp drugs that prmte wund healing.
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Yu'll Never Be Truly Alne
In the decades t cme, a large number f hme rbts culd make tday's appliances seem interesting. The market fr cnsumer and ffice rbts is expected t develp quickly in the next three years, accrding t a 2015 reprt by Business Insider Intelligence, being greater than $1.5 billin and far (31) _________ the grwth f rbts in manufacturing.
We already have rbts that clean the huse, like the Rmba, but in the future we'll als have rbt arms that can (32) _________ surfaces and bathe peple, says Christpher Atkesn, a rbticist at Carnegie Melln, whse lab has prduced such machines. Eventually, rbts will fld laundry and ck meals. And if they wrk well, yu wn't even ntice them. The key t effective rbts is "being (33) _________ f predicting what peple will d," says Julie Shah, the head f the Interactive Rbtics Grup at MIT. "The idea is either (34) _________ peple r staying ut f their way."
That said, sme peple may want a rbt that hangs arund. In Japan, a friendly humanid rbt called Pepper that can (35) _________ and respnd t human emtin has prved enrmusly ppular since it went n sale tw years ag. Pepper might turn ut t be the (36) _________ rmmate- helpful, kind, and always up fr hanging ut, but never in the way.
Perhaps the already (37) _________ line between nline and ffline life will disappear, and human relatinships with intelligent machines will represent a new extensin f ur scial (38) _________. Yur in-hur rbt culd serve as an avatar（化身）fr friends and family, (39) _________ frm afar s that, with the help f rbtic arms and legs, yu culd dance with r hug a lved ne wh is halfway arund the planet. The real (40) _________ f -- r prblem with -- the huse f the future, then, might be that yu'll never have t leave it. Hwever, what the future huse will be like still remains t be seen.
III. Reading Cmprehensins
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage, there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
An idea whse time has cme: the fur-day wrkweek
The fur-day wrkweek's mment has arrived. With Califrnia Cngressman Mark Takan's intrductin f legislatin t reduce the standard wrkweek frm 40 t 32 hurs, awareness f a shrter wrkweek - and (41) _________ fr it -- is gaining. And s is the skepticism（怀疑）arund it.
Initial skepticism is a(n) (42) _________ respnse t a great change in hw we think abut wrk. American wrk culture has been defined by ideals f career as identity, wrkahlism and ambitins fr cntinuus grwth. It is nt (43) _________ t free urselves frm the nly reality we knw.
And yet, if there were ever a right time, this is it. Fr s many, the muscles f adaptatin have (44) _________ ver the past tw years with every challenge brught n by the pandemic and ther glbal crises. The rapid, significant transitin acrss industries t wrking frm hme prvided evidence that we can (45) _________ quickly in respnse t changing cnditins. Nw , we have an pprtunity t exercise these muscles t (46) _________ evlve frm utdated cnceptins f what wrk must lk like.
Fur-day wrkweek pilts are emerging acrss the glbe, with sme cmpanies nw shifting frm the (47) _________ stage t implementing the plicy permanently. Micrsft Japan, Unilever New Zealand and Kick-starter represent just a few f a grwing number f rganizatins explring the fur-day wrkweek. (48) _________ plitical leaders are vicing supprt fr the cncept. Last year, New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem apprved emplyers implementing a fur-day wrkweek t help stimulate dmestic turism in respnse t industry dwnturn brught n by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Advcates mentin many (49) _________, including reduced burnut, imprved physical and mental health, increased gender equity, and psitive envirnment impacts. It is easy t imagine what we might d with an additinal day -- spend time with family and friends, pursue a hbby, enrll in classes, sleep. Many in favr f the fur-day wrkweek envisin a mre (50) _________ and rested cmmunity. Pilt findings shw increased prductivity as well. Amng cmpanies that have adpted a fur-day week, nearly tw-thirds reprt increased prductivity.
Sme leaders will see the research and be (51) _________ that a pilt in their rganizatin is wrthwhile. Other will resist the idea. What theries r beliefs are at the the rt f their cncerns? Many leaders were taught that face-time with emplyees is the nly way t ensure accuntability, prductivity and teamwrk. Less face-time, which fllws the fur-day wrkweek mdel and wrk-frm-hme arrangements, can feel t sme like (52) _________ cntrl.
Fr leaders f rganizatins and teams, the shift t a fur-day wrkweek requires re-imagining standard perating prcedures, increasing innvatin and, perhaps mst imprtantly, trusting in (53) _________. Let emplyees wrk ut the details rather than trying t "slve" the fur-day wrkweek challenge (54) _________. Awin, a Berlin-based teach firm, saw 80 emplyees vlunteer fr task frces t ensure that their switch t a fur-day wrkweek went smthly. Thse wh are clsest t the wrk and ptential challenges are ften clsest t the (55) _________. The website als ffers many resurces t help cmpanies design a fur-day wrkweek pilt.
41. A. dislike B. substitutin C. respnsibility D. enthusiasm
42. A. delayed B. reasnable C. incrrect D. fficial
43. A. late B. practical C. easy D. impssible
44. A. lsen B. hurt C. strengthened D. trembled
45. A. withdraw B. fail C. defend D. adapt
46. A. intentinally B. traditinally C. incidentally D. hpelessly
47. A. center B. recvery C. design D. pilt
48. A. As a result B. What's mre C. By cntrast D. In fact
49. A. cncerns B. assumptins C. threats D. benefits
50. A. islated B. experienced C. fulfilled D. mdernized
51. A. reminded B. cnvinced C. infrmed D. warned
52. A. a sense f B. a drain n C. a lss f D. a waste f
53. A. emplyees B. advcates C. campaigners D. leaders
54. A. frm the scratch B. frm the bttm up C. frm the middle D. frm the tp dwn
55. A. risks B. prcedures C. slutins D. resurces
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing tw passage. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Diplmacy is an art. It requires nt nly strategy, but als ther aspects, including intuitin, persuasin, and even tricks, human skills that have lng been unreachable t even the mst pwerful artificial intelligence (AI) appraches. Nw, an AI algrithm（算法）frm a high-tech cmpany has shwn it can beat many humans in a game f diplmacy, which required bth strategic planning and negtiatins with ther players. The wrk, researchers said, culd pint the way tward virtual exercise caches and cnflict mediatrs（调解员）.
AI has already beaten humans in sme games f strategy. It is als prving pwerful at natural-language prcessing, in which it can generate human-like text and carry n cnversatins. In the game f diplmacy, seven players vied fr cntrl f Eurpe. On each turn, players issued rders regarding the mvement f army and naval units, fllwing discussin with ther players, whm they culd attack r supprt.
There are tw technical innvatins nted by Jnathan Gratch, a cmputer scientist at the University f Suthern Califrnia wh studies negtiatin agents. First, the AI agent's cmmunicatin is grunded in multi-step planning. Secnd, the AI agent keeps its remarks and game play within the range f human cmmn practices.
T test its skill, the researchers had the AI agent play 40 nline games against humans. It placed in the tp 10% f players wh'd played at least tw games. "In a game that invlves language and negtiatin, that agents can reach human equal level is very exciting," said Yu, a cmputer scientist at Clumbia University.
Accrding t Brwn, a cmputer scientist at the cmpany wh c-authred the paper, the wrk culd lead t practical applicatin in fields that nw require a human tuch. One specific example is that virtual persnal assistants might help cnsumers negtiate fr better prices n plane tickets. Gratch and Yu bth see pprtunities fr agents that persuade peple t make healthy chices r pen up during therapy.
56. Wh is likely t benefit frm the research wrk?
A. A famus cyber athlete. B. A prfessr f civil law.
C. A virtual fitness instructr D. A prfessinal accuntant.
57. What des the underlined wrd "vied" mean in paragraph 2?
A. Accunted B. Aplgized. C. Searched. D. Cmpeted
58. Why des the authr mentin AI agent?
A. T understand the thught f AI. B. T illustrate the advantage f AI.
C. T describe the imprtance f AI. D. T intrduce the strategy f AI.
59. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Diplmacy, a Ppular Game B. An Excellent Game Player
C. AI Will Becme a Perfect Diplmat D. AI Learns the Art f Diplmacy
(B)
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90 - 100 A: 80 - 89, B; 70 - 79, C; 60 - 69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Grup Assignments
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk / In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class' lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class. Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late Wrk
An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late. If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer. Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer. Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
60. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. A textbk B. An exam paper. C. A curse plan. D. An academic article.
61. Hw many parts is a students' final grade made up f?
A. Tw. B. Three. C. Fur. D. Five.
62. What will happen if yu submit an essay ne week after the due date?
A. Yu will receive a zer. B. Yu will lse a letter grade.
C. Yu will be given a test. D. Yu will have t rewrite it.
(C)
Thanks t in-depth reprting by the Wall Street Jurnal, we nw knw that Facebk has lng been aware its prduct Instagram has harmful effects n the mental health f many adlescent users. Yung girls, in particular, struggle with their bdy image thanks t a cnstant stream f phts and vides shwing beautiful bdies that users dn't think they can attain.
While the infrmatin the Jurnal cvered is essential and instructive, it des nt tell the whle stry. Deep dwn, this is nt an Instagram prblem; it's a peple prblem. Understanding that distinctin can make the difference between a failed attempt t cntain a teen's interest in an addictive app and successfully addressing the underlying prblem leading t mental distress induced（引发）by Instagram.
Critics were quick t shame Facebk fr sitting n the data and nt releasing it t researchers r academics wh asked fr it. Others criticize the scial media giant fr nt using the research t create a safer experience fr its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.
While I'm reluctant t defend Facebk, I'm nt sure it's reasnable t blame the cmpany fr withhlding data that wuld hurt its business. Have yu ever watched a Netflix series a lt? I assure yu it wasn't a healthy endeavr. Yu were in active, likely did nthing prductive, mindlessly snacked and didn't g utside fr fresh air. It is an bjectively harmful use f time t stare at a TV r laptp fr a full weekend. Shuld we respnd by shaming Netflix fr nt alerting us t hw damaging an addictive prduct can be?
While it's reasnable t say Instagram makes esteem issues wrse, it is impssible t believe it causes them in the first place. Yu create yur wn experiences n scial media. Fr the mst part, yu chse which accunts t fllw and engage. If yu're already vulnerable t insecurities and self-sabtage（自损）-- as many teens are -- yu will find accunts t bsess ver. And this isn't a new phenmenn.
Befre scial media, there were similar issues fueling self-esteem issues. Whether the target be magazines, mvies r televisin shw depicting difficult-t-attain bdies, there has been a relatively steady chrus（异口同声）f experts nthing the damage new media culd cause yung viewers.
Self-esteem issues have an underlying cause -- ne that's independent f scial media use. Instagram merely enhances thse feelings because it prvides infinitely mre access t triggers than lder frms f media. It's mre wrthwhile t address thse underlying factrs rather than t attack Facebk.
63. The authr thinks the criticism against Instagram _________.
A. are successful attempts t change teens' interest in addictive apps
B. address the Instagram-induced mental pain
C. are nly based n the data released by Facebk
D. are nt directed at the fundamental prblem
64. Netflix is mentined t _________.
A. cmpare the criticisms against it and Facebk
B. defend why Facebk is t blame
C. suggest the critics' remarks are nt t pint
D. shw Netflix des mre harm t teens
65. The Instagram prblem is essentially a "peple prblem" in that _________.
A. it is human nature t get addicted t scial media
B. users decide n their experiences n scial media
C. peple have a tendency t feel insecure nline
D. peple are keen n fabricating their self-prfile
66. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. The unprecedented criticism facing Facebk.
B. The alarming nline habits f teenagers wrldwide.
C. The rt cause f Instagram-induced mental strains.
D. The harmful impact f Instagram n teenagers.
Sectin C
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Authenticating Sushi ... and Picasss
A recent study f the seafd industry by Oceana, a cnservatin grup, fund that, natinwide, grcery stres mislabeled nearly ne-fifth f all the fish they sld. Sushi restaurants were even wrse, serving a fish ther than what was prmised n the menu three-quarters f the time. ____67____ But sme merchants seemed t substitute cheap fish like tilapia fr mre expensive fare n purpse.
DNA bar cding can help uncver such practices. By taking a bit f muscle frm a fish and sequencing（测定序列）the DNA inside, scientists can quickly tell ne species frm anther. Bar-cding technlgy is accessible enugh that high-schl students have used it t expse fraud（骗局）at restaurants. ____68____. And they can see fr themselves whether they're dreally getting the blue-fin tuna they rdered.
_____69_____ Billins f dllars' wrth f art changes hands every year, and sme experts estimate that 40 percent f it is fake. Prfessinal authenticatin can help, but recent stries invlving wrks said t have been painted by Jacksn Pllck, Amede Mdigliani, and thers have shwn that a skillful frger（制作赝品者）can fl even the mst respected experts. ____70____ Rather than using the artist's wn DNA -- which a thief culd lift frm clthes, rubbish, r hairs -- these labels wuld cntain DNA frm anther creature, with pieces f synthetic DNA wven in. T authenticate the piece, scientists wuld take DNA frm the label, sequence the synthetic hits, and cnsult a database. Only if the sequence matched the database recrd wuld the piece be prnunced genuine.
第II卷
IV. Summary Writing
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Vertical farming isn't actually a very new cncept. The idea has existed since at least the 1950s. Hwever, it was nly recently that we began t seriusly explre the idea, and put it frward as a slutin t the wrld fd crisis.
S what has vertical farming gt ging fr it? At present, ver 80 per cent f the wrld's land that is suitable fr farming is already being used. In rder t grw enugh fd t feed the nine billin peple that will be living n ur planet in the middle f the 21st century, we'll need TEN millin mre square kilmetres f land -- that's an area 20 per cent bigger than Brazil!
The buildings used fr vertical farming wn't take up much space because they are tall -- they're skyscrapers. They can be built in the middle f cities, where all the peple are. The fd wuld be n peple's drsteps, almst literally, s transprt csts are minimal. That's great fr helping t cmbat glbal warming and climate change.
Anther advantage is that all fd culd be grwn rganically. The crps wuld need less water than traditinal nes because all the water is recycled. All the nutrients are recycled t. The nly thing that actually leaves the building is the prduce, the fd.
Vertical farming wuld create jbs t. Imagine the small businesses that wuld spring up arund these farms -- fr packaging, distributin, catering, and s n -- they wuld emply thusands f peple.
Where is it likely t happen? Wh will benefit mst frm it? First and fremst, cuntries that dn't have agriculture: cld cuntries, like Greenland and Iceland, and ht, desert cuntries, like Saudi Arabia. Yu wuld have sealed buildings in these places with an artificial climate -- artificially warm in Iceland, artificially cl in a ht cuntry.
The scial benefits are amazing and everybdy gets gd, healthy fd. Peple have reacted really well t this idea -- I think the idea is abut t develp int reality.
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72. 书展的门票只能提前一天在网上购买。(available)
73. 你大老远跑去超市买方便面有意义吗？(sense)
74. 在新闻发布会上，发言人明确表示他发表的评论媒体不得断章取义，以免造成误解。(It)
75. 这部国庆档电影明星云集，情节曲折，制作精良，实现了票房与口碑的双丰收。(release)
VI. Guided Writing
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近收到英国笔友Mike的邮件，其中提到因为父母工作原因，他们举家搬迁，他也转学到了一所新的学校，但是他因为换了一个环境感到不大适应。回复一封邮件，内容须包括：
1. 分析导致他不适应的原因；
2. 给他提出提议。
21. drive 22. has been shwn 23. ccurred 24. later 25. analyzing
26. hw 27. which 28. damaged 29. if 30. between
31. F 32. J 33. A 34. K 35 G 36. D 37. C 38. E 39. B 40. I
41-45DBCCD 46-50 ADBDC 51-55BCADCC
(A) 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. D
(B) 60. C 61. B 62. A
(C) 63. D 64. C 65. B 66. C
(D)67. D 68. C 69. B 70. F
72. Tickets fr the bk exhibitin are available nline nly ne day in advance.
73. Des it make sense fr yu t g t the supermarket that is fr ndles?
74. At the press cnference, the spkesman/speaker made it clear that his cmments shuld nt be taken ut f cntext by the media in rder t avid misunderstanding / s as nt t cause misunderstanding/ in case f misunderstanding.
75. The film released during the Natinal Day hliday, with / featuring a large number f stars, a cmplicated plt and excellent prductin, achieved success bth in the bx ffice and reviews.
A. capable B. cntrllable C. faint D. ideal E. landscape F. utpacing
G. perceive H. physical I. prmise J. scrub K. supprting
A. Art is anther area where frgery is decreasing due t the resulting prfits.
B. DNA culd be used t expse fraud in the art wrld, t.
C. If the technlgy cntinues t evlve, cnsumers culd smeday bring handheld bar cders t the table.
D. Simple cnfusin might explain sme f the differences, since fish species can be hard t tell apart.
E. The DNA mlecule is capable f string vast amunts f data and can survive fr thusands f years.
F. T slve this prblem, sme scientists have suggested attaching a small plastic label full f DNA t wrks f art.