安徽省芜湖市2023-2024学年高二英语上学期10月阶段检测联考试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份安徽省芜湖市2023-2024学年高二英语上学期10月阶段检测联考试卷（Word版附解析），共4页。
2023—2024学年上学期高二年级10月份质量检测
英语试卷
说明:1. 本试卷分为第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共150分。考试时间120分钟。
2. 将Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷的答案都写在答题卷上,在试卷上答题无效。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Alice worried about?
A. An upcoming lecture. B. The students’ behavior. C. A traditional custom.
2. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. At home. C. In a supermarket.
3. How do the speakers feel now?
A. Surprised. B. Happy. C. Annoyed.
4. What is the woman doing?
A. Baking cakes. B. Preparing for a party. C. Making a shopping list.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Peter’s holiday. B. Peter’s trip plan. C. Peter’s cousins.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6 段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. Why did Tom come home late?
A. He lost track of the time. B. He missed the last bus. C. He finished school late.
7. What does Tom say about the singer?
A. He needs some money.
B. He just wants to be appreciated.
C. He’s good at singing classical songs.
听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. What did David ask his colleagues to do?
A. Attend the afternoon meeting.
B. Arrive at the restaurant by 7:00.
C. Leave early to avoid busy traffic.
9. Why is the man unable to ensure his arrival time?
A. He has to pick up Mr. Smith.
B. He has to prepare for a meeting.
C. He has to deliver some packages.
10. What does Monica suggest the man do?
A. Give David a call.
B. Skip the gathering.
C. Take public transportation.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。
11. How often does the woman walk to work?
A. Two days a week. B. Three days a week. C. Four days a week.
12. What does the woman dislike about shared bikes?
A. The speed. B. The expense. C. The parking situation.
13. Where will the man go next?
A. His office. B. His home. C. The subway station.
听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Schoolmates.
B. Former neighbors.
C. Interviewer and interviewee.
15. Why does the man feel upset about the interview on campus?
A. He didn’t attend it.
B. Ile found it meaningless.
C. He hasn’t received any notice.
16. What advice does Jenny give to the man about interviews?
A. Providing satisfactory answers.
B. Arriving at the company on time.
C. Doing research on the company beforehand.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. Which group do the listeners belong to?
A. The first one. B. The second one. C. The third one.
18. What product will the store sell next week?
A. Home electronics. B. Outdoor furniture. C. Indoor furniture.
19. When did the speaker become the store manager?
A. One year ago. B. Four years ago. C. Ten years ago.
20. Who is the speaker talking to?
A. The employees. B. The customers. C. The partners.
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Top recommendations for visiting Arusha
Arusha, the capital city of the Arusha Region, is situated in Northeast Tanzania. It is the most visited Tanzanian city — it’s considered the entry point to the “safari circuit (狩猎路线)”. It provides easy and convenient access to many of the safari destinations and National Parks. In fact, the city itself is set against the beautiful backdrop of Mount Kilimanjaro.
Here are our top picks for tourist destinations in Arusha:
The Markets
Arusha is jam-packed with local markets in the centre of the city, where various vendors (摊贩) set up to sell their goods.Most markets have a theme(food, crafts,textiles, etc.). These markets area great way to get a feel for the local culture.
Cafes
Arusha has a robust coffee and cafe scene. You’ll see vendors selling quality African coffee beans all over the city. The popularity of coffee has spilled over into an exciting cafe culture that continues to grow. You can’t go far without spotting a cafe. Each cafe serves up African style coffee,as well as many European and American favorites.
Cultural Heritage Center
The Cultural Heritage Center is located on the suburbs of Arusha. Check out their museum, craft shop,a restaurant, an art gallery, a collection of precious stones, and more. It is a great way to get a sense of the culture and history of Tanzania there. Get ready to learn a lot, and don’t forget to pick up some souvenirs at the various shops.
Tanzanite Experience Museum
Tanzania is home to one of the world’s most popular precious gems (宝石) — the Tanzanite gemstone. Check out the Tanzanite Experience Museum, which guides visitors to understand the history and culture behind this precious gem.
1. Why has Arusha become the most visited city in Tanzania?
A. Because it’s the capital city of the Arusha Region.
B. Because it has the most popular national parks.
C. Because it’s a gateway to Tanzania’s “safari circuit”.
D. Because it is set against the beautiful Mount Kilimanjaro.
2. What can be seen almost everywhere in Arusha?
A. Local markets. B. Art galleries. C. Museums. D. Cafes.
3. What do the top destinations in Arusha have in common?
A. They all provide markets for vendors.
B. They all offer souvenirs to the visitors.
C. They all present local cultures to visitors.
D. They are all located in the center of the city.
【答案】1 C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍坦桑尼亚阿鲁沙旅游的几个看点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It is the most visited Tanzanian city — it’s considered the entry point to the “safari circuit (狩猎路线)”.(它是坦桑尼亚游客最多的城市，被认为是“狩猎路线”的入口。)”可知，阿鲁沙是坦桑尼亚游客最多的城市，是因为它是狩猎旅行的入口， 是前往许多狩猎目的地和国家公园的便捷通道。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Cafes 下文 “You can’t go far without spotting a cafe.(你走不了多远就会看到一家咖啡馆。)” 可知，咖啡馆在阿鲁沙随处可见。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Markets 下文 “These markets are a great way to get a feel for the local culture. (这些市场是感受当地文化的绝佳途径)”；Cafes 下文 “The popularity of coffee has spilled over into an exciting cafe culture that continues to grow.(咖啡的流行已经蔓延到一种令人兴奋的咖啡文化中，并在不断发展。)”；Cultural Heritage Center 下文“The Cultural Heritage Center is a great way to get a sense of the culture and history of Tanzania. (文化遗产中心是 了解坦桑尼亚文化和历史的绝佳途径。)”；Tanzanite Experience Museum 下文 “Check out the Tanzanite Experience Museum, which guides visitors to understand the history and culture behind this precious gem.(参观坦桑石体验博物 馆，这能引导游客了解这颗珍贵宝石背后的历史和文化。)”可知，阿鲁沙这些景点的共同之处是它们都给游客呈现了当地文化。故选C。
B
Located among the forests where eagles fly overhead, Jabal Sawda has long been one of Saudi Arabia’s best places for mountaineers. At 2,999m, Jabal Sawda had been considered the kingdom’s highest peak until twin mountaineers, Matthew and Eric Gilbertson, climbed it in 2018, finding it to be about three meters shy of Jabal Ferwa.
For more than a decade, the twins have traveled to one country after another around the world, rewriting the mountain record books about places across the Middle East and West Africa. So far they have reached the peaks of more than 100 countries and newly identified the highest points in Togo, Guinea-Bissau and Ivory Coast.
Matthew, a research scientist at Lockheed Martin in Palo Alto, California, and Eric, an instructor in mechanical engineering at Seattle University, said their work was motivated by a love for mountaineering. “If we’re going to go through all the effort to visit a country and visit the highest mountain, we want to be sure that we have indeed visited the highest mountain,” Matthew said. “We consider it assistance to future mountaineers to have an accurate survey done so that they can focus their efforts on getting to whichever peak they want to get to.”
The twins’ love of mountaineering began when they were children with family trips to the Great Smoky Mountains in the southeastern United States. When they were students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT), they started climbing as many mountains as possible. In 2012, after achieving their goal of reaching the highest point of each US state, they turned their attention to the rest of the world.
4. What can we learn about Jabal Sawda?
A. It’s Saudi Arabia’s best scenic spot. B. It’s lower than Jabal Ferwa.
C. It’s Saudi Arabia’s highest peak. D. It’s better-known than Jabal Ferwa.
5. Why have the twins traveled to different countries in the past decade?
A. To write books about mountains. B. To rename the peaks of mountains.
C. To identify the highest mountains. D. To challenge other mountaineers.
6. What do Matthew’s words concerning their work imply in paragraph 3?
A. It satisfies their curiosity. B. It strengthens their motivation.
C. It attracts more mountaineers. D. It guarantees informed choices.
7. Which of the following best describes the twins?
A. Ambitious but impractical. B. Determined and adventurous.
C. Intelligent and unselfish. D. Peace-loving and eco-friendly.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了双胞胎兄弟Matthew和Matthew and Eric Gilbertson已经攀登了100多个国家的最高峰山峰，并且还要继续攀登下去。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“At 2,999m, Jabal Sawda had been considered the kingdom’s highest peak until twin mountaineers, Matthew and Eric Gilbertson, climbed it in 2018, finding it to be about three meters shy of Jabal Ferwa.(海拔2999米的Jabal Sawda一直被认为是沙特王国的最高峰，直到2018年，双胞胎登山者Matthew和Matthew and Eric Gilbertson登上它，发现它比Jabal Ferwa低约3米)”可知，Jabal Sawda比Jabal Ferwa低大约3米。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“For more than a decade, the twins have traveled to one country after another around the world, rewriting the mountain record books about places across the Middle East and West Africa. So far they have reached the peaks of more than 100 countries and newly identified the highest points in Togo, Guinea-Bissau and Ivory Coast.(十多年来，这对双胞胎走遍了世界上一个又一个国家，改写了中东和西非地区的登山记录。到目前为止，他们已经到达了100多个国家的最高峰，最近在多哥、几内亚比绍和科特迪瓦发现了最高峰)”可知，十多年来，这对双胞胎在不同的国家旅行，重写山峰的记录。可推知，他们这么做的目的就是要确认最高的山峰。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“We consider it assistance to future mountaineers to have an accurate survey done so that they can focus their efforts on getting to whichever peak they want to get to.(我们认为，对未来的登山者来说，做一个准确的调查是有帮助的，这样他们就可以集中精力到达他们想要到达的山峰)”可知，他们的工作提供了准确的数据，登山者可以根据这些数据选择攀登哪一座山峰。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“For more than a decade, the twins have traveled to one country after another around the world, rewriting the mountain record books about places across the Middle East and West Africa. So far they have reached the peaks of more than 100 countries and newly identified the highest points in Togo, Guinea-Bissau and Ivory Coast.(十多年来，这对双胞胎走遍了世界上一个又一个国家，改写了中东和西非地区的登山记录。到目前为止，他们已经到达了100多个国家的最高峰，最近在多哥、几内亚比绍和科特迪瓦发现了最高峰)”以及第三段““If we’re going to go through all the effort to visit a country and visit the highest mountain, we want to be sure that we have indeed visited the highest mountain,” Matthew said. “We consider it assistance to future mountaineers to have an accurate survey done so that they can focus their efforts on getting to whichever peak they want to get to.”(马修说：“如果我们要尽一切努力去访问一个国家，参观最高的山峰，我们希望确保我们确实参观了最高的山峰。我们认为，对未来的登山者进行准确的调查是有帮助的，这样他们就可以集中精力到达他们想要到达的山峰。”)”结合文章描述的双胞胎兄弟已经攀登了100多个国家的最高峰山峰，并且还要继续攀登下去。可推知这对双胞胎有决心且有冒险精神。故选B。
C
I choose to argue against the topic of “TikTok has done more harm than good to young people”. Now as many people know, TikTok is a very popular app that started becoming very popular in March 2020. Many parents think TikTok is an inappropriate and unsafe platform for young children. Let me start by saying that TikTok is not for young children! In Europe, the legal age for TikTok is 16 and in America the legal age is 13.
Secondly, many adults believe that seeing millions of “perfect” people who spend hours on makeup all the time can make us feel unhappy, but I personally find this entirely untrue. There are many people on TikTok and not each and every one is obsessed(痴迷) with “being perfect”. People also forget that TikTok isn’t entirely made up of people spreading nasty(恶意的) messages and pretending to be perfect. On TikTok you can find recipes, animals, facts, poems and nature among many other useful things.
Furthermore, if you are seeing an account that is making you feel unsafe, TikTok has made it very easy to block and report the creator. By blocking the creator you will no longer be able to view their content and by reporting the account you are telling TikTok that it is inappropriate and should be banned.
Finally, people might worry that strangers will comment hurtful messages on young people’ s videos, shattering their confidence, but TikTok is one step ahead. It has a very clear choice that you can enable called “private” which means that only people you allow can view/ comment on your videos. In conclusion, I am not saying that TikTok is perfect but it’s not nearly as bad as people make it out to be.
8. What can we know about TikTok in America?
A. It’s costly to download the app. B. It sets an age limit.
C. It reached consumers in 2020. D. It’s accessible to all.
9. Why does the author mention recipes and other things in paragraph 2?
A. To show the benefit of TikTok. B. To offer some heated topics.
C. To explain why they are useful. D. To voice his views on poems.
10. What does the underlined word “shattering” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Praising. B. Discovering. C. Enhancing. D. Destroying.
11 Which word best describes the author’s attitude to TikTok?
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Uncaring. D. Dismissive.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者从四个方面辩驳“TikTok给年轻人带来的弊大于利”这一话题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Let me start by saying that TikTok is not for young children! In Europe, the legal age for TikTok is 16 and in America the legal age is 13.(首先我要说的是，TikTok不适合小孩子！在欧洲，使用抖音的法定年龄是16岁，而在美国，法定年龄是13岁)”可知，TikTok在美国设置了使用者的年龄限制。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“People also forget that TikTok isn’t entirely made up of people spreading nasty(恶意的) messages and pretending to be perfect. On TikTok you can find recipes, animals, facts, poems and nature among many other useful things.(人们也忘记了，TikTok并不完全是由传播肮脏信息、假装完美的人组成的。在TikTok上，你可以找到食谱、动物、事实、诗歌和自然等许多有用的东西)”可推断，作者在第二段提到食谱和其他东西意在说明TikTok的好处。故选A。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“people might worry that strangers will comment hurtful messages on young people’ s videos(人们可能会担心陌生人会在年轻人的视频中评论有害的信息)”及画线词后“their confidence”可推断，人们可能会担心陌生人会在年轻人的视频中评论有害的信息，这些有害的信息会破坏年轻人的自信心，故画线词表示“破坏”与Destroying的意思最接近。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“I choose to argue against the topic of “TikTok has done more harm than good to young people”.(我选择反对“TikTok对年轻人弊大于利”这个话题)”及最后一段“In conclusion, I am not saying that TikTok is perfect but it’s not nearly as bad as people make it out to be.(总而言之，我并不是说TikTok是完美的，但它并不像人们想象的那么糟糕)”可推断，作者以积极正面的态度看待TikTok。故选B。
D
Silence might not be deafening but it’s something that literally can be heard, concludes a team of philosophers and psychologists who used auditory illusion(听觉错觉) to reveal how moments of silence misinterpret people’s perception of time. The findings address the debate of whether people can hear more than sounds, which has puzzled philosophers for centuries.
The team adapted well-known auditory illusions to create versions in which the sounds of the original illusions were replaced by moments of silence. For example, one illusion made a sound seem much longer than it really was. In the team’s new silence-based illusion, an equally long moment of silence also seemed longer than it really was.
The fact that these silence-based illusions produced exactly the same results as their sound-based counterparts(对应物) suggests that people hear silence just like they hear sounds, the researchers said.
Like visual illusions that trick what people see, auditory illusions can make people hear periods of time as being longer or shorter than they actually are. One example is known as the one-is-more illusion, where one long beep(哔哔声) seems longer than two short continuous beeps even when they are equally long.
In tests involving 1, 000 participants, the team replaced the sounds in the one-is-more illusion with moments of silence, re-working the auditory illusion into what they called the one-silence-is-more illusion. They found the same results：People thought one long moment of silence was longer than two short moments of silence. Other silence illusions produced the same outcomes as sound illusions.
In the lab, participants were asked to listen to sounds induced by the noise of busy restaurants, markets and train stations. They then listened for periods when all sounds stopped abruptly, creating brief silences. The idea wasn’t simply that these silences made people experience illusions, the researchers said. It was that the same illusions that scientists thought could only be caused by sounds worked just as well when the sounds were replaced by silences.
The findings establish a new way to study the perception of absence, the team said.
12. Why did the researchers adapt auditory illusions?
A. To measure the length of silence. B. To create silence-based illusions.
C. To correct the original illusion. D. To prove the advantage of silence.
13. What happens in the one-is-more illusion?
A. People mishears the length of beeps.
B. 1, 000 participants get different results.
C. The pause between two beeps is hard to sense.
D Moments of silence seem longer than those of sounds when they are equally long.
14. What does the underlined part “induced by” in paragraph 6 probably mean?
A. Drowned by. B. Reduced to. C. Caused by. D. Compared to.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Are sounds tricky? It has scientific basis.
B. Is silence gold? Science gives us the answer.
C. Auditory illusion? It exists just as visual illusion.
D. The sound of silence? Research indicates people hear it.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍跟视觉错觉一样，听觉错觉也是存在的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The team adapted well-known auditory illusions to create versions in which the sounds of the original illusions were replaced by moments of silence. (该团队改编了著名的听觉错觉，创造出了用沉默代替原始错觉的声音的版本。)”可知，研究者们改编听觉错觉是为了制造基于沉默的幻觉。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Like visual illusions that trick what people see, auditory illusions can make people hear periods of time as being longer or shorter than they actually are. One example is known as the one-is-more illusion, where one long beep(哔哔声) seems longer than two short continuous beeps even when they are equally long. (就像欺骗人们所见的视觉错觉一样，听觉错觉可以让人们听到一段比实际时间更长或更短的沉默。一个例子被称为“一个是更多”，一个长的嘟嘟声似乎比两个短的连续嘟嘟声长，即使它们同样长。)”可知，在“一个是更多”的实验中，人们听错了哔哔声的长度。故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第六段“In the lab, participants were asked to listen to sounds induced by the noise of busy restaurants, markets and train stations. They then listened for periods when all sounds stopped abruptly, creating brief silences. (在实验室里，参与者被要求听繁忙的餐馆、市场和火车站induced by的噪音。他们听了一段时间，然后所有的声音突然停止，产生了短暂的沉默。)”可知，参与者被要求听来自于那些繁忙地方所产生的噪音，所以划线词的意思应该是“由……产生”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Silence might not be deafening but it’s something that literally can be heard, concludes a team of philosophers and psychologists who used auditory illusion(听觉错觉) to reveal how moments of silence misinterpret people’s perception of time. The findings address the debate of whether people can hear more than sounds, which has puzzled philosophers for centuries. (一组哲学家和心理学家利用听觉错觉揭示了沉默时刻是如何误解人们对时间的感知的，他们得出结论，沉默可能不会震耳欲聋，但它确实可以被听到。这些发现解决了人们是否能听到的不仅仅是声音的争论，这一争论困扰了哲学家几个世纪。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍跟视觉错觉一样，听觉错觉也是存在的。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In searching for ways to help children with learning disabilities, remember that you are looking for ways to help them help themselves. Your job as a parent is not to “cure” the learning disability, but to give your child the social and emotional tools they need to work through challenges. Always remember that the way you behave and respond to challenges has a big influence on your child. A good attitude won’t solve the problems associated with a learning disability. But it can give your child hope and confidence. ______16______
Become your own expert. Do your own research and keep up with new developments in learning disability programs and educational techniques. ______17______But you’re the most important expert on your child, so take charge when it comes to finding the tools they need in order to learn.
Be an advocate for your child. ______18______Accept your role as an active parent and work on your communication skills. It may be frustrating at times, but by remaining calm and reasonable, yet firm, you can make a huge difference for your child.
______19______Your child will follow your lead. If you approach learning challenges with optimism, hard work, and a sense of humor, your child is likely to embrace your perspective—or at least see the challenges as a must.
Focus on strengths, not just weaknesses. Your child is not defined by their learning disability. A learning disability represents one area of weakness, but there are many more areas of strengths. ______20______Your child’s life and schedule shouldn’t revolve around the learning disability. Nurture the activities where they excel, and make plenty of time for them.
A. Remember that your influence outweighs all others.
B. Attach great importance to your child’s gifts and talents.
C. Things like food, water, and shelter are resources.
D. Speak up time and time again to get special help for your child.
E. Parents should spare some time to keep their children company.
F. Tips for dealing with your child’s learning disability are as follows.
G. You may seek help from teachers or doctors for solutions, especially at first.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍处理孩子学习障碍的技巧。
【16题详解】
由上文“Always remember that the way you behave and respond to challenges has a big influence on your child. A good attitude won’t solve the problems associated with a learning disability. But it can give your child hope and confidence. (永远记住，你的行为和应对挑战的方式对你的孩子有很大的影响。良好的态度并不能解决与学习障碍相关的问题。但它可以给你的孩子希望和信心。)”可知，这里主要讲父母的行为和方式将会对孩子有很大影响。而F项Tips for dealing with your child’s learning disability are as follows.(处理孩子学习障碍的技巧如下。)符合语境，其中dealing with your child’s learning disability 与上文solve the problems associated with a learning disability对应，而as follows有启下作用。故选F项。
【17题详解】
由下文“But you’re the most important expert on your child, so take charge when it comes to finding the tools they need in order to learn.(但你是孩子最重要的专家，所以在找到他们学习所需的工具时要负起责任。)”可知，这里主要讲父母是孩子问题方面的最好专家，而G项You may seek help from teachers or doctors for solutions, especially at first.(你可以向老师或医生寻求解决方案，尤其是在刚开始的时候。)符合语境，本句和后一句形成转折关系，有启下作用。故选G项。
【18题详解】
由上文“Be an advocate for your child.(成为孩子的代言人。)”以及下文“Accept your role as an active parent and work on your communication skills. (接受你作为一个积极的家长的角色，努力提高你的沟通技巧。)”可知，这里指父母要为孩子发声。而D项Speak up time and time again to get special help for your child.(一次又一次地大声说话，为你的孩子寻求特别的帮助。)符合语境，其中Speak up 与上文Be an advocate对应。故选D项。
【19题详解】
由下文“Your child will follow your lead. If you approach learning challenges with optimism, hard work, and a sense of humor, your child is likely to embrace your perspective—or at least see the challenges as a must.(你的孩子会跟随你。如果你以乐观、努力和幽默的态度对待学习挑战，你的孩子很可能会接受你的观点——或者至少认为挑战是必须的。)”可知，这段主要讲父母对孩子的影响作用。而A项Remember that your influence outweighs all others.(记住，你的影响力超过其他人。)符合语境，对本段有总括作用，其中your influence和下文Your child will follow your lead对应。故选A项。
【20题详解】
由上文“Your child is not defined by their learning disability. A learning disability represents one area of weakness, but there are many more areas of strengths. (你的孩子不是由他们的学习障碍来定义的。学习障碍代表了一个弱点，但还有更多的优点。)”可知，这里讲父母应该看到学习障碍的孩子其它方面的长处。而B项Attach great importance to your child’s gifts and talents.(重视孩子的天赋和才能。)符合语境，有承上作用，其中gifts and talents与上文many more areas of strengths对应。故选B项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题; 每题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In all one’s lifetime it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with. But it is ____21____ oneself that one has the least understanding of. When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate yourself. It seems that everything you seek for is within your ____22____. When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself is to gain a correct view of oneself and be a realist-aware of both one’s ____23____ and weaknesses. You may ____24____ hopefully to the future but be sure not to ____25____ too much, for ideals can never be fully realized. You may be ____26____ to meet challenges but it should be clear to you ____27____ to direct your efforts. That’s to say, so long as you have a perfect ____28____ of yourself, there won’t be difficulties you can’t overcome.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself needs self-appreciation. Whether you think you are a towering tree or a blade of grass, a high mountain or a small stone, you represent a state of nature that has its own reason of ____29____. If you earnestly admire yourself you’ll have a real sense of self-appreciation, which will give you confidence. ____30____ you gain full confidence in yourself, you’ll be enabled to fight and overcome any difficulty.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself also requires doing oneself a favor when it’s needed. In time of anger, do yourself a favor by giving an outlet to it in a quiet place so that you won’t be hurt by its flames; in time of sadness, do yourself a favor by ____31____ it with your friends so as to change a gloomy mood into a cheerful one; in time of tiredness, do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep or taking some stimulant. Show yourself loving concern about your health and daily life. ____32____ you know perfectly well when and how to do yourself a favor, you won’t be confident and ready enough to ____33____ the attack of illness. As you are aware, what a person physically has is but a human body that’s vulnerable when ____34____ to the elements. So if you fall ill, it’s up to you to take a good care of yourself.
In a word, to get a thorough understanding of oneself is to get a full ____35____ of one’s life. Then one will find one’s life full of color and flavor.
21. A. permanently B. previously C. precisely D. perfectly
22. A. reach B. budget C. development D. brain
23. A. shortages B. disadvantages C. strengths D. limitations
24. A. look up B. look back C. look forward D. look down
25. A. expect B. analyze C. inspect D. dream
26. A. honest B. comprehensive C. courageous D. delicate
27. A. what B. which C. how D. where
28. A. image B. knowledge C. system D. memory
29. A. attack B. criticism C. popularity D. existence
30. A. As much as B. As soon as C. As far as D. As well as
31. A. quarreling B. arguing C. sharing D. blaming
32. A. Unless B. Once C. Since D. If
33. A. recall B. restore C. restart D. resist
34. A. exchanged B. exposed C. experienced D. exported
35. A. mark B. control C. account D. recovery
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章告诉我们，不要妄自菲薄，也不用高估自己，要学会真正了解自己，自我肯定，学会排解情绪，掌控生活。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但人最不了解的恰恰是自己。A. permanently永久地；B. previously先前地；C. precisely恰好、精确地；D. perfectly完美地。根据上文的but和下文“one has the least understanding of(一个人最不了解)”可知，此处是指人最不理解“恰恰”是自己。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：似乎你想要的一切都触手可及。A. reach能及的范围；B. budget预算；C. development发展；D. brain大脑。分析句意再根据within可知，此处用within reach表示“伸手可及”。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：彻悟自己，就是要正确认识自己，做一个现实主义者，既认清自己的长处，也清楚自己的短处。A. shortages短缺；B. disadvantages劣势；C. strengths优势、长处；D. limitations局限。分析句意再根据下文的weaknesses可知，此处用strengths表示“优势、长处”与下文呼应，故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：你可以憧憬未来，但不要期望太高，因为理想永远不能完全实现。A. look up尊敬、查阅；B. look back回头看；C. look forward期望；D. look down向下看。分析句意再根据下文的future可知，此处指对未来的憧憬。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. expect期待；B. analyze分析；C. inspect审查；D. dream梦想。分析句意再根据上文的but可知，上下文是转折关系，所以此处指不要“期望”太多。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可以勇敢地迎接挑战，但你应该清楚自己努力的方向。A. honest诚实的；B. comprehensive综合性的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. delicate柔和的。分析句意再根据下文的“to meet challenges(迎接挑战)”可知，此处用固定搭配be courageous to do sth表示“勇敢地做某事”符合语境。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查疑问词辨析。句意：同上。A. what什么；B. which哪一个；C. how如何；D. where哪儿。分析句意再根据空格后的to direct可知，此处用where指努力的方向符合语境。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，只要你对自己有充分的认识，就没有克服不了的困难。A. image形象；B. knowledge认识、知识；C. system体系；D. memory记忆。根据下文“there won’t be difficulties you can’t overcome.(没有你克服不了的困难。)”可知，此处是指对自己有充分的“认识”符合语境。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你认为自己是一棵参天大树还是一棵小草，是一座高山还是一块小石头，你都代表着一种自然状态，都有自己存在的理由。A. attack袭击；B. criticism批评；C. popularity流行；D. existence存在。分析句意再根据空格前的reason of可知，此处指“存在”的理由。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：如果你认真地欣赏自己，你就会有一种真正的自我欣赏，它会给你信心。只要你对自己充满信心，你就能战胜任何困难。A. As much as多达；B. As soon as一……就；C. As far as至于；D. As well as也、和。根据下文“you’ll be enabled to fight and overcome any difficulty.(你将能够对抗和克服任何困难)”可知，此处指你一达到充满信心这一条件，就能客服任何困难。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在忧伤的时候，要善待自己，找朋友倾诉一下，让沮丧的心情振作起来。A. quarreling吵架；B. arguing争辩；C. sharing分享；D. blaming责备。根据下文“so as to change a gloomy mood into a cheerful one(这样就可以把阴沉的心情变成愉快的心情)”可知，此处指通过和朋友倾诉即“分享”可以转变心情，故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：除非你非常清楚何时以及如何帮助自己，否则你不会有足够的信心和准备来抵抗疾病的攻击。A. Unless除非；B. Once曾经；C. Since自从、因为；D. If如果。根据下文“ you know perfectly well when and how to do yourself a favor,(你非常清楚何时以及如何帮助自己)”可知，此处是表必要条件，所以用 Unless表示“除非”符合语境。故选A项。
33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.recall回想起；B. restore恢复；C. restart重新启动；D. resist抵抗。根据下文“the attack of illness(疾病的攻击)”可知，此处指“抵抗”疾病的攻击。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如你所知道的，一个人的身体所拥有的只是一个暴露在自然环境中的脆弱的人体。A. exchanged交换；B. exposed暴露；C. experienced经历；D. exported出口。分析句意再根据to the elements可知，此处指“暴露”在自然环境中。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：总之，彻底了解自己，才能掌握自己的人生。A. mark标记；B. control掌握、控制；C. account账户；D. recovery恢复。分析句意再根据空格后的life可知，此处指“掌握”自己的人生，符合语境。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Deyuan Steamed Bun has thin skin and lots of sweet stuffing ___36___ (make)of candy. Meat stuffing is made from pork, dried mushrooms, and jelly oil.
Built during the Guangxu Period of the Qing Dynasty, Deyuan got its name from ___37___ passage in an ancient book, “Where there is happiness, there is endurance.” ___38___ (initial), it was a small shop run by a couple; then it changed owners after no great success.
In the beginning of the Republic of China, several unemployed official ___39___ (chef)bought Deyuan, moved ___40___ to the crossing of Fangxi Lane and offered customers dishes of the feudal official. There were always some leftovers of seafood and fresh food, ___41___ they chopped them up to make stuffing for the buns. What surprised them was that the buns with this stuffing were quite popular, and from then on the Deyuan Steamed Bun ___42___ (become)famous.
After a fire accident, some of the ___43___ (remark)masters rebuilt the restaurant and named it Deyuan Teahouse. It has gradually become well-known in Changsha ___44___ its “Eight Baozi”, ____45____ are Rose and Sugar, Dried Mushroom and Pork, Sugar and Salt Vegetable, Crystal Sugar, Sesame, Shrimp and Pork, Seashell and Pork and Barbecued Pork Baozi.
【答案】36. made
37. a 38. Initially
39. chefs 40. it
41. so 42. became
43. remarkable
44. for 45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍“德元包子”以及有关事宜。
【36题详解】
考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：德元包子皮很薄，里面有很多糖果做的甜馅。此处lots of sweet stuffing和make之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故答案为made。
【37题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：德园始建于清光绪年间，得名于古书中的一段话:“有幸福，就有耐力。”此处指“一段话”，且passage是以辅音音素开头的词，前面加a表示“一”。故答案为a。
【38题详解】
考查副词作状语。句意：最初，这是一个由一对夫妇经营的小商店。此处是副词修饰整个句子，作状语，位于句首，第一个字母用大写。故答案为Initially。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：民国初年，几个失业的官府厨师买下德园，搬到方熙巷的十字路口，为顾客提供官府菜肴。根据several可知，设空处用名词复数。故答案为chefs。
【40题详解】
考查it用法。句意：民国初年，几个失业的官府厨师买下德园，搬到方熙巷的十字路口，为顾客提供官府菜肴。此处用it指代Deyuan。故答案为it。
【41题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：家里总有一些吃剩的海鲜和新鲜食物，他们就把它们切碎，做成包子的馅。该句是并列句，前后分句是因果关系。故答案为so。
【42题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：令他们惊讶是，这种馅的包子很受欢迎，从那时起，德远包子就出名了。该句在描述过去发生的事请，句子用一般过去时。故答案为became。
【43题详解】
考查形容词作定语。句意：在一次火灾事故后，一些杰出的大师重建了这家餐厅，并将其命名为德园茶馆。空后masters是名词，由形容词修饰，remark的形容词是remarkable。故答案为remarkable。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：它的“八包子”，即玫瑰糖、香菇猪肉、糖盐蔬菜、冰糖、芝麻、虾仁猪肉、贝壳猪肉和叉烧猪肉，逐渐在长沙闻名。固定短语：be well-known for“因……而闻名”。故答案为for。
【45题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：它的“八包子”，即玫瑰糖、香菇猪肉、糖盐蔬菜、冰糖、芝麻、虾仁猪肉、贝壳猪肉和叉烧猪肉，逐渐在长沙闻名。此处Eight Baozi是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代词which引导。故答案为which。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的外国留学生朋友James想在中国进行社会实践，现有如下两种选择：博物馆讲解员或乡村中学志愿者。James来信向你寻求建议，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.建议其中一项活动；
2.说明至少两点理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear James,
How is everything going?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear James,
How is everything going? Based on your interests, I would recommend you to become a museum guide.
Firstly, working as a museum guide will provide you with a unique opportunity to soak yourself in Chinese history and culture, offering insights into the country’s past and present. What’s more, by engaging in daily conversations with tourists and explaining the cultural significance of the artifacts in Chinese, you’ll have ample chance to practice and enhance your language proficiency.
Hopefully, my suggestions will be of help to you and feel free to reach out if you need further guidance.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外国留学生朋友James写封信，给他提出在中国进行社会实践的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：firstly→in the first place
提供：offer→provide
充当：work as→serve as
另外：what’s more→in addition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, working as a museum guide will provide you with a unique opportunity to soak yourself in Chinese history and culture, offering insights into the country’s past and present.
拓展句：Firstly, working as a museum guide will provide you with a unique opportunity to soak yourself in Chinese history and culture, which will offer insights into the country’s past and present.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Based on your interests, I would recommend you to become a museum guide. (运用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Hopefully, my suggestions will be of help to you and feel free to reach out if you need further guidance. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Standing outside the cave entrance, Grandfather admired the green-carpeted hills, but Lin hated the cave. He had come here today only because of Grandfather.
Grandfather preferred to use guano, the waste matter of bats, to fertilize (施肥) his crops. But he was too weak to do the whole job. He could gather the guano and bring it out of the cave in the basket, but he needed Lin to carry it home in the wooden cart.
Grandfather took a shovel (铲子) and flashlight from the cart. “Change your mind and come inside with me?” he asked Lin. “It won’t happen again, Lin,” Grandfather promised. “Last time it was my mistake. We shouldn’t have waited until nearly dusk (黄昏) to go inside. I know that the bats fly out of the cave at dusk.” That was exactly what had happened on the Terrible Day of the Bats. As Lin had stood at the cave entrance, a crowd of black bats had erupted from it. Lin had been terrified.
“Bats hurt no one,” Grandfather had said. “Besides, you scared them as much as they did you.”
But nothing could make Lin forget the horror he had felt in that black cloud of bats. “I can’t go in there,” he told Grandfather now.
“OK,” Grandfather said. As he started into the cave, he called over his shoulder, “I’ll be out in no time.” Lin parked the cart and glanced at the shovel and flashlight inside it. His shovel and flashlight. He had used them before. Now they only reminded him of his fear.
Lin turned his back on the cart and walked down to the river. Grandfather would call when he was finished. Until then, Lin would put as much distance as possible between himself and the cave.
Lin watched two little birds splashing about at the edge of the river. He enjoyed the peaceful view over the vast river surface. Then Lin realized that Grandfather’s “no time” had turned into a long time.
Lin hurried up the hill toward the cave. The cart was still there. Grandfather was still inside. Something had gone wrong.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Lin looked around but found no one he could turn to for help.
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In the dark cave, Lin gathered his courage and yelled again, “Grandfather!”
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【答案】Lin looked around but found no one he could turn to for help. Panic set in as he realized that something terrible might have happened to Grandfather. He called out his name, but there was no response. Lin’s mind raced with fear and worry. He knew he had to go into the cave, but the thought of facing his fear was almost paralyzing. After taking a few deep breaths, he summoned all his courage and stepped towards the entrance.
In the dark cave, Lin gathered his courage and yelled again, “Grandfather!” This time, the response was louder. Lin followed the sound until he reached a narrow passage. His flashlight beam revealed that Grandfather was trapped between two large rocks. Lin’s heart sank as he realized the situation was more serious than he had thought. Grandfather’s leg was pinned, and he was in obvious pain. Lin knew that he had to act fast to free him. Finally, Lin heard the sound of approaching footsteps. The rescue team had arrived. They quickly assessed the situation and worked to free Grandfather.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了林和爷爷的故事，林陪爷爷去运鸟粪，但是林不敢进蝙蝠洞，所以爷爷只能自己进蝙蝠洞。但是，爷爷进去很久都没有出来，林只有鼓起勇气进入洞中救出了爷爷。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“林环顾四周，却找不到可以求助的人。”以及第二段首句内容“在黑暗的山洞里，林鼓足勇气，又喊了一声：“爷爷!””可知，第一段可描写林找不到人帮忙，只有自己鼓起勇气进入蝙蝠洞。
②由第二段首句内容“在黑暗的山洞里，林鼓足勇气，又喊了一声：“爷爷!””可知，第二段可描写林进入蝙蝠洞，发现了爷爷，并救出了爷爷。
2.续写线索：林陪爷爷来到蝙蝠洞装一些鸟粪——林害怕进入蝙蝠洞，爷爷只有自己进入蝙蝠洞——很长时间后，林突然发现爷爷还没有出来——林意识到出了问题，但是他找不到人帮忙，只有鼓起勇气进入蝙蝠洞——林在洞里发现了受伤的爷爷，想办法救出爷爷
3.词汇激活
行为类
①抓到：summon courage/ muster up courage
②到达：reach/get to/arrive at
③陷入：be trapped /be stuck /be caught
情绪类
①害怕：fear/fright
②担忧：worry/anxiety
【点睛】【高分句型1】He knew he had to go into the cave, but the thought of facing his fear was almost paralyzing.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Lin’s heart sank as he realized the situation was more serious than he had thought.（运用了as引导的状语从句和省略that的宾语从句）