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    2024年高考英语一轮复习考点精讲精练(全国通用)第22讲名词性从句(Word版附解析)

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    2024年高考英语一轮复习考点精讲精练(全国通用)第22讲名词性从句(Word版附解析)

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    这是一份2024年高考英语一轮复习考点精讲精练(全国通用)第22讲名词性从句(Word版附解析),共23页。试卷主要包含了 三年真题名词性从句考点细目表, 命题规律及备考策略, 名词性从句和定语从句的区别, 宾语从句的语序等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    第22讲 名词性从句(核心考点精讲精练)


    1. 三年真题名词性从句考点细目表

    时间
    卷次
    语法填空/短文改错/单项选择
    2023年
    新高考I卷
    语法填空: /
    新高考II卷
    语法填空: why表语从句
    全国甲卷
    语法填空: /
    短文改错: /
    全国乙卷
    语法填空: /
    短文改错: /
    北京卷
    语法填空: /
    浙江卷
    (1月)语法填空: whether或if宾语从句
    (6月)语法填空: /
    天津卷
    单项选择: /
    2022年
    新高考I卷
    语法填空: /
    新高考II卷
    语法填空: how +to do 作宾语
    全国甲卷
    语法填空: /
    短文改错:what改为how宾语从句
    全国乙卷
    语法填空: /
    短文改错: /
    北京卷
    语法填空: whether宾语从句
    浙江卷
    (1月)语法填空: /
    (6月)语法填空: /
    天津卷
    单项选择: how宾语从句
    2021年
    新高考I卷
    语法填空:what 主语从句
    新高考II卷
    语法填空: /
    全国甲卷
    语法填空: /
    短文改错: /
    全国乙卷
    语法填空: /
    短文改错: /
    北京卷
    语法填空: /
    浙江卷
    (1月)语法填空: /
    (6月)语法填空: /
    天津卷
    (第一次) 单项选择: why表语从句
    (第二次)单项选择: what宾语从句


    2. 命题规律及备考策略
    【命题规律】
    近3年对于名词性从句主要考查:
    1. 名词性从句连接词辨析;
    2. 名词性从句固定句型;
    3. 名词性从句和定语从句的区别。
    【备考策略】
    1.理解名词性从句与定语从句的区别。
    2. 熟练掌握名词性从句连接词的用法和意义,特别是what和that的用法。
    3. 熟练掌握名词性从句的固定句式和相关考点。
    【命题预测】
    预测2024年高考考查点:
    1.主要集中在名词性从句上的连接词;
    2. 仍然有可能考查名词性从句固定句型,如表语从句,it作形式主语和形式宾语。



    名词性从句基本概念
    名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,在复合句中担当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。按其句法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词主要有以下几类:



    宾语从句
    主语从句

    表语从句

    同位语从句

    动词宾语
    介词宾语




    从属连词




    that
    在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用(that不表示任何含义, whether/if表"是否")

    (可省略)

    (不可省略)

    (不可省略)

    (不可省略)

    (不可省略)
    whether






    if

    √(discuss后不可用)
    ×
    √(it作形式主语时可用)
    ×
    ×
    as if

    ×
    ×
    ×

    ×
    because

    ×
    ×
    ×

    ×
    连接代词
    who(ever),what(ever),which(ever),whose,whom(ever)
    在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语



    (一般不用wh-ever连接词引导)
    连接副词
    when, how, where, why
    在从句中作状语






    考点一 宾语从句
    1)宾语从句主要跟在动词、介词和某些形容词之后。
    知识1 动词后接宾语从句的用法
    I wish hat he would understand me. 我希望他能理解我。
    Whether we can succeed depends on how well we cooperate.我们能否成功取决于我们合作得怎么样。
    知识2 介词后接宾语从句的用法
    一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。
    ►He'll talk to us about what happened in the classroom.他将给我们讲述教室里发生的事情。
    知识3 形容词后接宾语从句的用法
    表示情感或态度的形容词后可接宾语从句。
    常见的这类词有:afraid, certain, glad, pleased, sure, surprised, sorry, happy等。
    ►I' m very glad/pleased that all of your family will come.我很高兴你们全家都会来。
    特别提醒  be sure后接宾语从句时连接词的选择:
    1.be sure(用于肯定句或疑问句)+that从句。
    ►Are you sure that we' ll have a picnic this weekend?你确定我们本周末举行野餐吗?
    2.be sure(用于否定句)+whether/if从句。
    ►I am not sure whether I should write to him or not.我不确定应不应该给他写信。

    2)引导宾语从句的连接词主要有:
    连接词:that,whether,if等
    连接代词:what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等
    连接副词:when,where,why,how等
    1. 连接词that,whether,if引导
    I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
    I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
    注意:
    whether/if都意为"是否"。一般情况下,它们可以互换,口语中常用if,但以下情况中,只能用whether。
    (1)与or not紧接连用时。
    Let me know whether or not you can come. 请让我知道你是否能来。
    (2)作介词的宾语从句时。
    We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting. 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。

    2. 连接代词what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等引导
    She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
    I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
    3. 连接副词when,where,why,how等引导
    Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began? 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?
    I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
    3). 宾语从句的语序
    在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
    He asked me when we could set out the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
    Did you find out where she lost her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?
    4). 宾语从句的时态
    (1)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时,其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
    She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
    she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
    She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
    (2)当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时,其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
    He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
    He said that he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
    He said that they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
    (3)当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时,其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
    The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事,只怕有心人。
    He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。
    5). 动词后宾语从句的特殊用法
    ①动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe,guess,suppose,assume等后有宾语补足语时,则需要用it作形式宾语,而将that宾语从句后置。
    I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。
    I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了惯例。
    ②hate,like,take,owe,have,take for granted等表示"喜欢;痛恨;认为"的动词或动词短语和see to表示"注意,留意"后有宾语补足语时,需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
    I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。
    When you start the engine, you must see to it that the car is in neutral. 启动发动机时,一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。
    ③介词后的宾语从句。
    She is always thinking of how she can do more for others. 她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
    We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
    我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
    ④宾语从句的否定转移。将think,believe,suppose,expect,fancy,imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
    I don’t think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。
    I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。

    doubt+宾语从句
    ►I don't doubt that the plan is practical, but I doubt whether/if he can stick with the plan until it's finished.我不怀疑这个计划的可行性,但是我怀疑他能否坚持执行下去,直到计划完成。 


    宾语从句的用法速记口诀
    宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。
    一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。
    陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;
    特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
    二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。
    主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;
    主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。
    三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。


    1.【2022年全国甲卷】The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it.
    what→how
    考查名词性从句。句意同上。此处为“疑问副词+不定式”结构来做动词knew的宾语。结合句意,此处表达“如何解决它”,settle it为动宾关系,此处缺少方式状语,用how。故将what改为how。
    2.(2022年浙江1月)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely.
    【答案】if/whether
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合语境,故填whether或if。

    1.(2023·湖南省长沙市第一中学高三模拟) He suggested the world unite around fundraising to reestablish a primary healthcare system, that free and open research be conducted, and __________ cooperation be carried out among different academic disciplines and countries.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:他建议全世界团结起来,为重建初级卫生保健系统筹集资金,开展自由开放的研究,并在不同学科和国家之间开展合作。主句谓语suggested后接了三个宾语从句,从句结构完整不缺意义,此处是它的第三个宾语从句,因此用that连接。故填that。
    2. [八省1月联考]Any seasoned language learner will tell you _______ the beauty of mastering a foreign language is the world which it opens up to you.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查宾语从句。任何一个经验丰富的语言学习者都会告诉你,掌握一门外语的美妙之处在于它为你打开的世界。此处句子结构完整,that在此不作成分,没有意思,只起连接作用。故填that。

    考点二 主语从句

    1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语,大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。
    2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语,that不可省;what引导的主语从句表示"……的东西"时,一般不用it作形式主语;whatever,whoever,whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。
    ☞That she will succeed is certain.
    ☞It is certain that she will succeed.
    常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种:
    (1)It+系动词+形容词(necessary,right,likely,unlikely,wrong,important,certain,clear,obvious,strange,normal等)+that从句
    ☞It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.
    (2)It+be+名词(短语)(a pity,a shame,good news,a fact,an honour,a wonder,no wonder等)+that从句
    It’s no wonder that you’ve achieved so much success.
    (3)It+be+过去分词(said,told,heard,reported,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,remembered,thought,considered,well­known,announced等)+that从句
    ☞It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment.
    (4)It+特殊动词(seem,appear,happen,matter)+that从句
    ☞It happened to me that I had been away when he called.
    注意:(1)在"It is necessary/important/strange/natural...+that从句"结构中,从句谓语常用"(should+)动词原形"形式。
    【拓展延伸】主语从句的引导词
    引导词
    作用
    引导词
    作用
    that
    无词义,在从句中不充当成分,但不能省略
    how
    多么,怎样,作方式状语或程度状语
    who
    谁,作主语、宾语
    when
    何时,作时间状语
    whom
    谁,作宾语
    where
    在哪儿,作地点状语
    what
    什么,可作主语、宾语、表语、定语
    why
    为什么,作原因状语
    which
    哪一个,哪些,作主语、宾语、定语
    whether
    是否
    【特别注意】当作主语的句子太长时,为保持句子平衡,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语置后。if"是否",不可直接引导主语从句(用it作形式主语时可以) 。
    3. 主语从句的特殊用法
    (1)主语从句与定语从句的转换
    ☞What is needed has been bought.
    ☞All that is needed has been bought.
    所有需要的都被买了。
    (2)几个特殊句型之间的转换
    ☞It is known to all that China has joined the WTO.
    As is known to all, China has joined the WTO.
    What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO.众所周知,中国已加入WTO。
    4. 从句作主语时,句子谓语动词的单复数问题
    (1)从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。
    That they are not going to the cinema is a big surprise to us.他们不去看电影,这使我们感到很惊讶。
    (2)what引导的从向作主语,谓语动词一般用单数;若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词常用复数。
    What she said is wrong.她所说的是错误的。
    What we need are books.我们所需要的是书籍。

    1.【2021.6新高考1卷】Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road".      1      is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
    【答案】what
    【解析】1: 考查名词性从句。分析题目,空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知,_____is so breathing about the experience 作 is 的主语,为主语从句。从句中缺少主语,指代事情;且空格位于句首。故填What。
    2.【2020江苏高考真题】It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
    A. whether B. why C. when D. where
    【答案】A
    【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题;这只是时间问题。A. whether是否;B. why为什么;C. when什么时候;D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知,此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”,it是形式主语,whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。

    1. [ 2022·吉林省吉林市高三第一次调研考试]Li is not without criticism. Some people have expressed skepticism because it is unbelievable ______ she looks so perfect after a long day of work in the fields.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查主语从句。有些人表示怀疑,因为在野外工作了一天之后,她看起来如此完美,这令人难以置信。此处是一个主语从句,it为形式主语,真正的主语为空格处引导的从句,从句不缺成分,且意义完整,故应用that。故填that。
    1.(天津南开区·南开中学高三二模)It is believed________ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning.
    A.why B.that C.how D.when
    【答案】B
    【解析】考查固定句型。句意:人们认为,孩子应该从一开始就学会负责任。这里使用了固定句型:It is believed that…据相信......其中it在这里是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故选B。

    考点三 表语从句和同位语从句
    一、表语从句
    引导表语从句的连接词主要有:
    连接词:that,whether
    连接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever whomever,whichever,whatever
    连接副词:when,where,how,why
    1. 连接词引导
    ☞The reason for his absence is that he hasn’t been informed. 他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。
    ☞The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
    2. 连接代词和连接副词引导
    ☞The problem is who will take charge of this shop. 问题是谁将接管这家店铺。
    ☞That is when I realized the importance of journalism. 那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。
    注意:
    (1)as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面,如seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等。
    ☞It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听上去好像有人在敲门。
    ☞At that time, it seemed as though I couldn’t think of the right word. 当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
    (2)当主句的主语是reason时,表语从句一般由that引导,这种用法常见于句型The reason why... is that...
    ☞The reason why he came late was that he got up late. 他来得晚是因为起床晚了。
    2表语从句的三个易混句式
    句式
    用法
    例句
    This/'That is why+结果

    意为"这那就是.....to work there. 那就是的原因",why 引导表语从句。
    That's why I want you to work there.
    我想要你在那儿工作的原因。

    This/That/It is because +原因
    意为"这/那是因为.....,because引导表语从句。
    It's just because he |doesn't know her. 这
    这仅仅是因为他不认识她 。
    The reason why... is that...

    意为"......的原因是……”,why定语从句,修饰先行词reason, that引导表语从句。
    The reason why he didn't come was that it was raining heavily.他没有来的原因是 (当时)雨下得很大。


    二、 同位语从句
    知识1 同位语从句前名词的特殊性
    同位语从句前的名词通常是fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question等表示抽象意义的名词, 同位语从句用于对这些名词作进一步的解释或说明。
    ►She has to face up to the fact that she is no longer young.她必须正视自己不再年轻这一事实。
    ►The question whether he will join us is very important.他是否会加入我们这个问题很重要。
    知识2 分割式同位语从句
    有时主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句内容较长,为避免"头重脚轻",常常将谓语部分提到从句前面,形成分隔式同位语从句。
    ►My wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents.我要给父母买一套大房子的愿望总有一天会实现。
    ►Word came that our school had won first prize in the final.消息传来说,我们学校已经在决赛中获得了一等奖。

    1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They also need to be ready to give ___41_interviews__ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer.
    【42题详解】
    考查表语从句。句意:这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,从句中结构完整,应该用连接副词连接,前文提到需要培训师的原因,此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意,应用why引导表语从句。故填why。
    2.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
    61. that【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知,主句为there be句型,且结构完整,空格后为同位语从句,解释说明中心词evidence的内容,故填that。

    1. [2021·八省1月联考]Here's _______ you should think about before downloading an app for language learning.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查表语从句。这里是你在下载语言学习软件前应该思考的事情。此处what作about的宾语。故填what。
    2.(2023·河南郑州外国语学校阶段练习)Recent studies provide enough evidence ________ the ancient art of reading aloud has a number of benefits, from helping improve our memories to strengthening emotional bonds between people.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查连词。句意:最近的研究提供了足够的证据表明,大声朗读这门古老的艺术有很多好处,从帮助改善我们的记忆力到加强人与人之间的情感联系。根据句意分析句子可知,空格后的部分是一个同位语从句,对前面的名词evidence的内容进行解释说明,因后面的从句是一个完整的句子,不缺任何成分,所以空格处应该填入一个连词,且没有意义。故填that。

    考点四 名词性从句连接词的辨析
    1)what 与that引导名词性从句的区别
    that在从句中不充当句子成分,也没有含义;what在从句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和定语,意思是"什么,……的事情,什么样的"。
    ►That he failed in the test again really puzzled us.他又一次没通过考试,这真让我们感到迷惑不解。(that在主语从句中不作成分,不可以省略)
    ►These photographs will show you what our village looks like.这些照片将向你展示我们村的面貌。(what在宾语从句中作介词like的宾语)
    ►We haven't decided what measures we should take to deal with the noise problem.我们还没有决定应该采取什么措施来解决噪声问题。(what在宾语从句中作定语)
    2) whether 与if
    ☞ (1)whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换,但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。
    It all depends on whether they will come back.
    (2)后面直接跟or not 时用whether。
    ☞I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.
    (3)主语从句、表语从句中只能用whether。
    ☞Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
    ☞The question is whether they have so much money.
    (4)whether可以引导同位语从句,用以说明前面的名词的内容,if则不能。
    ☞We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.
    (5)whether常与or连用表示一种选择,if不能这样用;whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。
    ☞The question of whether they are male or female is not important.
    ☞I have not decided whether to go or not.
    (6)间接宾语位于句首时或者间接宾语提前时用whether不用if。
    ☞Thank you,but whether I’ll be free I’m not sure at the moment.
    (7)whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示"不管"、"无论",而if不能。
    ☞Whether he comes or not,we will begin our party on time.
    3).wh-与wh-ever引导名词性从句的区别
    (1)疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句,在主从句中要充当一定的成分。
    ☞Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
    ☞You can choose whatever you like in the shop.
    (2)疑问词+ever还可引导让步状语从句。
    ☞Whoever breaks the rule,he must be punished.
    ☞Whatever you do,you must do it well.
    (3)no matter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。
    ☞No matter what you do,you must put your heart into it.
    ☞No matter who comes late,he must be punished.
    4).when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
    when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词,则when和where引导的是定语从句,否则则为同位语从句。
    ☞They put forward the question where they could get the money.(同位语从句)
    ☞This is the place where the accident happened.(定语从句)

    1.(2023·天津·统考二模)In my opinion, ________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
    A.whether B.that C.which D.what
    【答案】D
    【详解】考查主语从句。句意:在我看来,让这本书出色的地方是作者富有创造力的想象。is之前为主语从句,主语从句中缺主语,指的是事物,用what,故选D。
    2.(2023·天津和平·统考二模)At the school charity party, each student donated ________ amount he or she could afford.
    A.whichever B.however C.wherever D.whatever
    【答案】D
    【详解】考查连接代词/副词。句意:在学校的慈善晚会上,每个学生都捐出了他或她所能负担得起的任何金额。A. whichever无论哪个;B. however无论如何;C. wherever无论哪里;D. whatever无论什么。根据句意“所能负担得起的任何金额”可知空处用whatever表示“所……的任何事物”,故选D项。

    1.(2023·江苏省南通市海门实验学校学情调研二)When a woman stepped out in the 1740s, on a regular basis, her private belongings would have included a watch, money, jewelry and perhaps some food. These are___59___she chose to take out. By the 1860s, she may have included scissors, a purse, and a magnifying glass.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查连接词。此处为表语从句,从句中缺少宾语,指代物品应用what引导。故填what。
    2.(2023·河南省八市重点高中摸底)It is done without judgment, and it leads to understanding. The Human Library started with the concept of living books. Each person became an open “book” and shared their own experiences in life. They would talk about ____45____ life was like in their shoes.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查连词。句意:他们会谈论他们的生活是什么样的。分析句子结构可知,此处缺少宾语从句的连接词,结合句意可知,此处使用what“什么”符合句意,故填what。
    3. (2023·福建龙岩·第一中学三模)The reason why human culture can be exchanged and spread is  ________ the civilization itself has deep value.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查表语从句。句意:人类文化之所以能够交流和传播,是因为文明本身具有深厚的价值。空处引导表语从句,从句不缺少任何成分,且句意完整,应用无任何意义只起连接作用的that引导,故填that。




    过关检测
    一、语法填空
    1.(2023·湖南省雅礼十六校第一次联考)“Hello, Mr. Herriot.” I heard his voice. I turned a blank gaze on him — I just had no idea ____ ____ he was though his face was familiar.
    【答案】who
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:我茫然地看着他——我只是不知道他是谁,尽管他的脸很熟悉。此处是宾语从句,由句意可知,表示“他是谁”,应用who引导。故填who。
    2. (2023·辽宁沈阳二中模拟预测).________seems clear, though, is that these tools are being put to use in some industries now.
    【答案】What
    【解析】考查主语从句。句意:不过,有一点似乎很清楚,即这些工具现在正在/已经在某些行业中投入使用。分析句子结构,此处是一个主语从句,且从句中缺主语,指事物,应用what引导,句首单词首字母大写,故填What。
    3.(2023·浙江省名校协作体联考)“Explore and understand society in practice, and influence the people around us. That’s ____65____ the meaning of the project lies,” said Ding.
    【答案】where考查表语从句。句意:“在实践中探索和理解社会,影响我们周围的人。这就是项目的意义所在,”丁嘉诚说。该空后接表语从句,且连接词在从句中作地点状语,用连接副词where。故填where。
    4.(2023·河南郑州统考三模) After the construction finishes, there will be at least two sea trials in the summer to test the ship, and also to check ________ the rooms and entertainment facilities (设施) are comfortable.
    【答案】whether/if
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:建造完成后,将在夏季进行至少两次海试,以测试船舶,并检查房间和娱乐设施是否舒适。分析句子可知,空处需引导名词性从句作check的宾语,且空处表达“是否”的意思,应用连接词whether或if。故填whether/if。
    5.(2023·福建厦门一中高三期中) Do I have ________ it takes to put on a successful show?
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:我有成功演出的条件吗?引导宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,指事物应用what引导。故填what。
    6.(2023·福建省龙岩第一中学月考)During her work, Remila wears a blue helmet, goggles, and blue suits. After a J-15 lands, ___40___ she needs to do is carry the heavy wire after getting signals and run to the fighter to take a series of actions for a quick installation.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:J-15着陆后,她需要做的是在收到信号后,携带沉重的电线跑到战斗机上,采取一系列快速安装的行动。本句为主语从句,从句缺少宾语,指物,所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
    7.(2023·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业班联合模拟) Currently, more and more young people wear the adjusted Hanfu with the belief __________ the best way to preserve tradition is to adapt it to modern life.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:目前,越来越多的年轻人穿着经过调整的汉服,他们认为保存传统的最好方法是使其适应现代生活。抽象名词belief后面跟了个同位语从句,从句句意完整,成分齐全,由连接词that引导。故填that。
    8. [北京市东城区高三上学期期末]No one is sure _____ built the structure.One of the most popular beliefs is that the Celts built it.
    【答案】who
    【解析】考查宾语从句。没有人确定是谁建造了这个结构。此处be sure(of)是固定句型,of后接宾语从句,且从句中缺少人作主语,因此使用连接词who引导宾语从句。故填who。
    9.(2023·四川成都石室中学模拟预测) And they wonder ________ you will do with your life.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查连接代词。句意:他们想知道你们将如何应对生活。根据句意分析句子可知,空格后的部分是一个宾语从句,该宾语从句缺少宾语,所以空格处应该填入一个连接代词引导宾语从句,且意义为“……的事物”,所以应该用连接代词what。故填what。
    10.(2023·河北省名校高三联盟试题)“ ________ she has achieved is fairly admirable.” He told reporters after the announcement in Stockholm, Sweden.
    【答案】What
    【解析】考查主语从句。句意:她所取得的成就相当令人钦佩。分析句子可知,该句是主语从句,从句中缺少宾语成分,因此需使用连接代词what在从句中充当宾语,位于句首时首字母大写。故填What。
    11.(2023·河南省洛阳市强基联盟新高三摸底)And ___45___ it can save is not only on things, but also on healthcare. Those who exercised regularly saved much money when it came to healthcare costs compared to those not meeting the minimum weekly exercise requirements.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查主语从句。句意:它能节省的不仅仅是东西,还包括医疗保健。分析句子可知,        it can save是主语从句,从句中缺宾语且指代物,所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
    12.(2023·江苏省南通徐州市等5地高三三模)You can visit a tea plantation in Hangzhou or elsewhere to learn _______ tea is grown and harvested.
    【答案】how
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:你可以参观杭州或其他地方的茶园,了解如何种植和收获茶叶。空处引导宾语从句,且从句缺少方式状语,应用how来修饰,故填how。
    13.(2023·广东省揭阳市高三5月联考(三模)) She did not know________pursuing dance would bring her, but only took on the challenge with her full passion and love for dance.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:她不知道追求舞蹈会给她带来什么,但她只是带着对舞蹈的热情和热爱接受了挑战。此处引导宾语从句,连接词在从句中作bring宾语,指物,应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
    14.(2023·吉林省通化梅河口市第五中学考试)It's unclear ____49____ the Yanzhi lipstick will ever be commercially available, but it's a fresh take on a century-old invention in need of a refresh.
    【答案】whether/if
    【解析】考查连词。句意:目前尚不清楚胭脂口红是否会在市场上销售。分析句子结构可知,it充当形式主语,此处缺少主语从句连接词,结合句意及上文的unclear可知,这里使用whether或if“是否”符合题意,故填whether/if。
    15.(2023·湖北省圆创联考联合测评)This charming and significant use of words is________we call literary style.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查表语从句。句意:同上。此处引导表语从句,从句中缺少call的宾语,且意思为“什么”,故应用what引导,故填what。
    16.(2023·湖南省长沙市第一中学高三模拟) He suggested the world unite around fundraising to reestablish a primary healthcare system, that free and open research be conducted, and __________ cooperation be carried out among different academic disciplines and countries.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:他建议全世界团结起来,为重建初级卫生保健系统筹集资金,开展自由开放的研究,并在不同学科和国家之间开展合作。主句谓语suggested后接了三个宾语从句,从句结构完整不缺意义,此处是它的第三个宾语从句,因此用that连接。故填that。
    17.(2023·江苏省南京市南京市第一中学期中)____ ____ we’re seeing now is that disappearance of the noise doesn’t necessarily immediately result in a recovery of ecological function.
    【答案】What
    【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们现在看到的是,噪音的消失不一定会立即导致生态功能的恢复。此处是主语从句,在从句中see缺少“什么”含义作宾语,所以用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填What。
    18.(2023·浙江省金丽衢十二校高三下学期二联)________ are known as important aspects of the traditional Chinese calendar, such as holidays, seasonal divisions, and the 24 solar terms, came from these astronomical observations.
    【答案】What
    【解析】考查主语从句。句意:传统中国历法的重要方面,如节日、季节划分和二十四节气,都来自这些天文观测。分析句子可知,空处引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,表示“……的(东西等)”,用连词what,故填What。
    19.(2023·江苏省盐城中学期末)If you stop a random person on the street in China, there’s a pretty good chance their surname will be either Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu or Chen. That’s ______37______ those are the five most common surnames in China — shared by 30% of the population. And the vast majority of the population share just 100 of those surnames.
    【答案】because
    【解析】考查表语从句。句意:这是因为这是中国最常见的五个姓氏,30%的人都是这五个姓氏。结合句意可知,本句是与上文是因果关系,此处是解释原因,用because引导表语从句。故填because。
    20. (2023·辽宁沈阳二中模拟预测).________seems clear, though, is that these tools are being put to use in some industries now.
    【答案】What
    【解析】考查主语从句。句意:不过,有一点似乎很清楚,即这些工具现在正在/已经在某些行业中投入使用。分析句子结构,此处是一个主语从句,且从句中缺主语,指事物,应用what引导,句首单词首字母大写,故填What。
    21.(2023·黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学高三试题)The researchers also called on more studies about ________ people’s lives can be affected apart from the changes we are already familiar with.
    【答案】how
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:研究人员还呼吁开展更多的研究,了解除了我们已经熟悉的变化之外,人们的生活会如何受到影响。分析句意可知,空格处引导宾语从句,从句缺少方式状语,应用how“如何”引导宾语从句。故填how。
    22.(2023·河南省新乡市高三下学期三模)Ever wonder________it would feel like to hide away in a dark cave without being connected to the outside world for 40 days?
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:有没有想过在黑暗的洞穴里躲40天不与外界联系会是什么感觉?分析句子结构,这是一个包含宾语从句的复合句,因空白处在句子中作宾语指物,使用what连接宾语从句,故填what。
    23. (2023·江苏省淮安市涟水县第一中学阶段检测)____44____ is believed that the sense of gain and satisfaction of Chinese people will further improve.
    【答案】It
    【解析】考查代词和固定句型。句意:相信中国人民的获得感和满足感会进一步提高。It is believed that...是固定句型,意为“相信……”,其中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,位于句首的单词首字母大写,故填It。
    24. (2023·江苏省镇江南京部分学校九校高三学情调研联考)Breathwork is thought to influence the vagus nerve, which stretches from the brain to the gut and makes up the majority of ___57___ is known as the parasympathetic nervous system.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:呼吸训练被认为会影响迷走神经,迷走神经从大脑延伸到肠道,构成了副交感神经系统的大部分。分析句子结构,空处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“什么”,应用what引导从句。故填what。
    25.(2023·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业班联合模拟) Currently, more and more young people wear the adjusted Hanfu with the belief __________ the best way to preserve tradition is to adapt it to modern life.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:目前,越来越多的年轻人穿着经过调整的汉服,他们认为保存传统的最好方法是使其适应现代生活。抽象名词belief后面跟了个同位语从句,从句句意完整,成分齐全,由连接词that引导。故填that。
    26. (2023·江苏省镇江南京部分学校九校高三学情调研联考)Breathwork is thought to influence the vagus nerve, which stretches from the brain to the gut and makes up the majority of ___57___ is known as the parasympathetic nervous system.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:呼吸训练被认为会影响迷走神经,迷走神经从大脑延伸到肠道,构成了副交感神经系统的大部分。分析句子结构,空处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“什么”,应用what引导从句。故填what。
    27.(2023·江苏省四所名校联考)】However, ____44____might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:然而,使他成为如此杰出和有创造力的科学家的可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣,如音乐和绘画。分析句子可知,此处考查引导主语从句的连接词,从句缺主语,意为“什么”,故应用连接代词what来引导主语从句。故填what。
    28.(2023·河南郑州外国语学校阶段练习)Recent studies provide enough evidence ________ the ancient art of reading aloud has a number of benefits, from helping improve our memories to strengthening emotional bonds between people.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查连词。句意:最近的研究提供了足够的证据表明,大声朗读这门古老的艺术有很多好处,从帮助改善我们的记忆力到加强人与人之间的情感联系。根据句意分析句子可知,空格后的部分是一个同位语从句,对前面的名词evidence的内容进行解释说明,因后面的从句是一个完整的句子,不缺任何成分,所以空格处应该填入一个连词,且没有意义。故填that。
    29. (2023·福建龙岩·第一中学三模)The reason why human culture can be exchanged and spread is  ________ the civilization itself has deep value.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查表语从句。句意:人类文化之所以能够交流和传播,是因为文明本身具有深厚的价值。空处引导表语从句,从句不缺少任何成分,且句意完整,应用无任何意义只起连接作用的that引导,故填that。
    8.I still remember the story, ________believe it or not we got lost on a rainy night.(用适当的单词填空)
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:我仍然记得那个故事,信不信由你,我们在一个雨夜迷路了。we got lost on a rainy night是同位语从句,解释说明story。从句中不缺少成分,用that引导同位语从句。故填that。
    30.(2023·江苏南通市·高三开学考试)Although a number of tombs have survived with little damage, the truth is __________all have suffered at least some harm from centuries of rain, war, fire and theft. (用适当的词填空)
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意:尽管有一些墓穴没有受到什么破坏,但事实是,这些墓穴都受到了至少几个世纪以来的雨水、战争、火灾和盗窃的侵害。分析句子结构可知,the truth is 后连接一个表语从句,从句中不缺少成分且句意也完整,因此表语从句用连接词 that 引导。故填 that 。
    31. [ 2023·江西省赣州市会昌县七校高三联合月考]It warns _______ the world would face "untold human suffering" if it does not make deep and lasting shifts in human activities that influence climate change.
    【答案】that
    【解析】考查宾语从句。它警告说,如果不对影响气候变化的人类活动做出深刻和持久的转变,世界将面临“难以言表的人类痛苦”。此处是一个宾语从句,引导词在从句中不作任何成分,也没有实际意义,用that引导该从句,所以填that。
    32【2023届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三下学期二模】But 22 really sets the city apart, culturally, is its opera.
    2. 考查名词性从句。句意:但真正使这座城市在文化上与众不同的是它的戏剧。分析句子可知,空格处应填入主语从句的引导词。分析句子结构,该引导词在主语从句中作主语,指物,应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
    33.【2023届河北省衡水中学高三下学期适应性考试】Discoveries made during the latest excavation of Pit No.1 at the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, China’s first emperor, have allowed Chinese archaeologists to gain more insight into 41 the world-famous Terracotta Warriors and their weapons were made.
    41. 考查名词性从句。句意:中国第一个皇帝秦始皇陵墓一号坑的最新发掘发现,使中国考古学家对世界闻名的兵马俑及其武器的制造过程有了更多的了解。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,从句中结构完整,应该用连接副词引导,根据句意,应用how引导。故填how。
    34.【2023年河南省部分名校高三5月底联考】 The reason why these areas are attractive to new immigrants is 4 ”they can network with people they know and who can speak their native language.
    4.考查表语从句。句意:这些地区之所以对新移民有吸引力,是因为他们可以与他们认识的、会说母语的人建立联系。根据空格前的is可知,空格处引导表语从句,只起到连接句子的作用,在从句中不作成份,应用从属连词that引导从句。故填that。
    二、单项选择
    1.(2023·天津红桥·统考二模)Actually, girls can be________they want to be just like boys, whether it is a soldier, a scientist, or an official.
    A.no matter what
    B.however
    C.whatever
    D.whoever
    【答案】C
    【详解】考查表语从句。句意:事实上,女孩可以像男孩一样成为任何她们想成为的人,无论是士兵,科学家还是官员。空处引导表语从句,从句缺少表语,表示“无论什么”,应用whatever引导。故选C。
    2.(2023秋·天津·高三天津市咸水沽第一中学校考期末)Now that I have tried my best in the English contest. It doesn’t matter much to me ______ the result will be.
    A.whether B.how C.what D.that
    【答案】C
    【详解】考查主语从句。句意:既然我已经在英语比赛中尽力了。结果如何对我来说并不重要。句中It是形式主语,空格处引导主语从句,从句中缺少表语,句子表示“结果是什么样对我来说并不重要”,因此用what引导主语从句,故选C。
    3.(2022秋·天津红桥·高三统考期末)________ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, draws many students to our school.
    A.It B.Which C.What D.As
    【答案】C
    【详解】考查主语从句。句意:众所周知,优秀的学术氛围,以及各种节日和体育活动,吸引了很多学生来我们学校。分析句子可知,空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,所以用what引导。故选C。
    4.(2023·天津·高三专题练习)People of Shennongjia living and working in harmony with nature highlights _____ understanding, awareness and hardwork have contributed towards protecting natural world.
    A.how B.when C.why D.what
    【答案】A
    【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:神农架人与自然和谐相处,突出了理解、意识和努力是如何为保护自然世界做出贡献的。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处是宾语从句,从句缺少方式状语,应用how“如何”引导。故选A。
    5.(2023·天津红桥·统考一模)Please keep in mind ________ two friends disagree, it doesn’t always mean one is right and the other is wrong.
    A.when B.that C.whether D.what
    【答案】A
    【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:请记住,当两个朋友意见相左时,并不总是意味着一个是对的,另一个是错的。keep sth. in mind是固定短语,意为“牢记”;分析语意和句子结构可知,此处省略了引导词that,when在宾语从句中引导时间状语从句。故选A项。
    6.(2023·天津南开·统考一模)Although the theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows ________ powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilization are among people.
    A.that B.how C.what D.whether
    【答案】B
    【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意:虽然这个理论已经被学者们否定,但它显示了古代玛雅文明的奥秘在人们心中是多么地有影响力。A. that引导宾语从句时无意义,起连接作用;B. how多么,如何;C. what什么;D. whether是否。分析句子可知,空后“powerful”是形容词,此处应用how引导宾语从句,表示“多么地有影响力”。故选B。
    7.(2023·天津·耀华中学校考一模)Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen from ancient times can reveal they viewed the world and what went on in the workshops that produced them.
    A.what B.when C.why D.how
    【答案】D
    【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:重建古代工匠的作品可以揭示他们是如何看待世界的,以及在生产他们的车间里发生了什么。A. what什么,……的东西;B. when何时;C. why为何;D. how如何。空格处引导的是宾语从句,从句需要方式状语,用连接副词how“如何”引导,故选D。
    8.(2023·天津河北·统考二模)One of the reasons why Charles Dickens loved his novel David Copperfield was________it was based on his own life.
    A.what B.how C.that D.whether
    【答案】C
    【详解】考查表语从句。句意:查尔斯·狄更斯喜欢他的小说《大卫·科波菲尔》的原因之一是它是以他自己的生活为基础的。空处引导表语从句,且从句完整,故用连接词that引导该从句。One reason is that…/one of the reason is that…/ The reason is that…为固定句型,意为“一个原因是……;原因之一是……;原因是……”。故选C项。
    9.(2023·四川·高三统考对口高考)________ happened after she left the house is unknown.
    A.How B.Where C.That D.What
    【答案】D
    【详解】考查连接代词。句意:她离开房子后发生了什么事不得而知。根据句意分析句子可知,________ happened after she left the house是一个主语从句,该主语从句缺少主语,所以空格处应该填入一个连接代词引导主语从句,且意义为“……的事物”,所以应该用连词代词what。故选D项。
    10.(2023·天津滨海新·校联考一模)All the people have incredible ideas to share, but what matters is _________we’re able to carry them out.
    A.which B.as C.whether D.what
    【答案】C
    【详解】考查表语从句。句意:所有人都有不可思议的想法可以分享,但重要的是我们是否能够把它们付诸实践。A. which哪一个; B. as正如……那样; C. whether是否; D. what什么。结合句中“All the people have incredible ideas to share, but what matters is”及“we’re able to carry them out”可知,此处指人们的不可思议的想法是否能够付诸实践,选项C符合题意,故选C。
    11.(2023秋·天津·高三天津市第四十二中学校考期末)—These days I feel exhausted and lack strength.
    —That’s _____too much drinking and poor diet lead.
    A.what B.which C.to which D.where
    【答案】D
    【详解】考查表语从句。句意:——这些天我觉得筋疲力尽,没有力气。——这就是酗酒和不良饮食导致的结果。空格处引导的是表语从句,从句中缺少抽象地点状语,因此空格处用where引导表语从句,故选D。
    12.(2023秋·天津·高三天津市第四十二中学校考期末)The new school has been set up in was a church three years ago.
    A.where B.which C.what D.the place
    【答案】C
    【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意:这所新学校已经在三年前是教堂的地方建立起来了。该空引导宾语从句,从句缺乏主语,意为“……的地方”,用连接代词what。故选C项。
    13.(2023秋·天津西青·高三天津市西青区杨柳青第一中学校考期末)____ he had worked out the challenging math problem aroused our curiosity.
    A.What B.How C.Which D.Where
    【答案】B
    【详解】考查主语从句。句意:他如何解出这道具有挑战性的数学题引起了我们的好奇心。分析句子可知,此处为主语从句,该主语从句的主语是he,谓语是had worked out,宾语是the challenging math problem,故空格处应填入连接副词作状语。根据句意,此处指“他如何解出这道具有挑战性的数学题”。故用how。故选B。
    14.(2023·天津河东·统考一模)Professor Smith doesn’t have time to explain________ the university library works, so we have to find it out by ourselves.
    A.that B.what C.how D.where
    【答案】C
    【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:史密斯教授没有时间解释大学图书馆是如何运作的,所以我们必须自己去了解一下。分析句子结构可知,此处应为连词引导的宾语从句作动词explain的宾语,从句中不缺少主语和宾语,但句意不完整,结合句意可知,此处表示“图书馆如何运转”符合句意,所以应使用how。故选C项。
    15.(2023·天津和平·统考一模)________ all this put under debate is whether they need to move their cattle to another field for nutrition purpose.
    A.How B.Why C.What D.That
    【答案】C
    【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:所有这一切引发的争论是,他们是否需要将牛转移到另一块田地以获得营养。分析句子结构,谓语动词为is,故空处至谓语动词前为主语从句,从句中缺少put的宾语,故需要填连接代词。故选C项。
    16.(2023·天津·天津市新华中学校考模拟预测)I hope to set up our company in will be a promising land, a place is full of opportunities.
    A.where, where B.where, that C.what, where D.what, that
    【答案】D
    【详解】考查宾语从句和定语从句。句意:我希望把公司创办在一个充满希望的地方,一个充满机会的地方。分析句子可知,该句第一空为介词in后接连接代词what引导的的宾语从句,what在从句中作主语成分;该句第二空为关系代词that引导的定语从句,先行词a place,关系代词在从句中作主语成分。故选D项。
    17.(2023秋·天津河西·高三统考期末)I think the teacher would like to know _______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
    A.which B.why C.what D.how
    【答案】C
    【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我想老师想知道我到目前为止都做了些什么,所以我决定给他发个便条。设空处引导宾语从句,从句中短语be up to...缺少宾语,故应用连接代词what来引导该宾语从句,在从句中宾语,意为“(做了些什么)事情”。故选C。
    18.(2022·天津南开·统考一模)I had dreamed of this moment many times in my childhood. But when you finally make it it’s totally different from ________ you had imagined
    A.when B.what C.that D.which
    【答案】B
    【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:这一刻我在童年时梦想过很多次。但当你最终做到的时候,它和你想象的完全不同。分析句子可知,此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句,what在从句中作动词imagined的宾语成分,意为“一些事情”,满足句意要求。故选B项。
    19.(2022·天津南开·统考一模)We’ve done a solid preparation so this is ________ our team is supposed to shine.
    A.what B.whether C.which D.where
    【答案】D
    【详解】考查表语从句连接词。句意:我们已经做了充分的准备,所以这是我们的团队应该发光的地方。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,shine为不及物动词,从句中缺少地点状语,所以应该用连接副词where引导。故选D项。
    20.(2022秋·天津·高三天津一中校考阶段练习)The Palace Museum is ________ the royal families used to live and it’s now a historical museum with collections of valuable antiques.
    A.what B.which C.where D.how
    【答案】C
    【详解】考查表语从句。句意:故宫博物院是皇室家族曾经居住的地方,现在是一个收藏珍贵古董的历史博物馆。分析句子可知,句子为表语从句,空格处单词引导从句,“live”为不及物动词,从句中缺少地点状语,故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故选C项。
    21.(2023·河南郑州·郑州外国语学校校考模拟预测)It is________ that Zhengzhou is not ________ it used to be.
    A.worth noting; that B.worthy of being noted; what
    C.worth being noted;what D.worthy noting; that
    【答案】B
    【详解】考查非谓语动词和表语从句。句意:值得注意的是,郑州早已今非昔比。该句是It作形式主语,真正主语是that引导的从句。be worth doing“值得做”,此处是主动表示被动,C项不对,没有be worth being done用法,be worthy of是固定短语,意为“值得……的”,后面接动名词,且因为该句真正主语与动词note之间是被动关系,所以note应用动名词的被动语态being noted。that引导的从句中,Zhengzhou是从句主语,Zhengzhou后面的is not ________ it used to be是从句的系表结构,即第二空引导表语从句,表语从句的主语是it,从句谓语是used to be,缺少表语,则应用what引导该句的表语从句。故选B项。

    真题演练
    2023年


    【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They also need to be ready to give ___41_interviews__ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer.
    【42题详解】
    考查表语从句。句意:这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,从句中结构完整,应该用连接副词连接,前文提到需要培训师的原因,此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意,应用why引导表语从句。故填why。

    2022年

    1.【2022年全国甲卷】The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it.
    【答案】what→how
    【解析】考查名词性从句。句意同上。此处为“疑问副词+不定式”结构来做动词knew的宾语。结合句意,此处表达“如何解决它”,settle it为动宾关系,此处缺少方式状语,用how。故将what改为how。
    2.【2022年新高考2卷】He saved my son's life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ”
    【答案】 how
    【解析】考查特殊疑问词。句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构,设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意,how意为“如何”,符合句意。故填how。
    3.(2022年浙江1月)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely.
    【答案】if/whether
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合语境,故填whether或if。
    4.【2022年北京卷】 It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn.
    【答案】whether
    【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意:解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的:我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知,空格前的determine为及物动词,空格后是主+系+表的句子结构,所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知,此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。
    5.【2022年天津卷第二次】 Mental health involves________ you process things such as stress and anxiety.
    A. how B. what C. why D. which
    【答案】A
    【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:心理健康包括如何处理诸如压力和焦虑之类的事物。分析句子结构可知,此处为连词引导的宾语从句作谓语动词involves的宾语,从句中不缺少主语和宾语,但句意不完整,根据句意可知,表示“如何,怎样”的连词how符合句意。故选A项。
    2021年


    1.【2021.6新高考1卷】Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road".      1      is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
    【答案】what
    【解析】1: 考查名词性从句。分析题目,空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知,_____is so breathing about the experience 作 is 的主语,为主语从句。从句中缺少主语,指代事情;且空格位于句首。故填What。
    2.【2021年天津卷第一次】What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
    A.whether B.why C.what D.when
    【答案】B
    【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意:令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。A. whether是否;B. why为什么;C. what什么,所…的事儿;D. when什么时间,…的时间。分析句子,该空需要一个表语从句的连接词,结合句意,应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选B项。
    3【2021年天津卷第二次】 It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
    A. when B. where C. what D. whether
    【答案】C
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句,从句缺少引导词,且从句中的be缺少表语,所填词应该起双重作用。故选C。
    2020年

    1. 【2020江苏高考真题】It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
    A. whether B. why C. when D. where
    【答案】A
    【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题;这只是时间问题。A. whether是否;B. why为什么;C. when什么时候;D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知,此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”,it是形式主语,whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
    2.【2020天津高考真题】 The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.
    A. that B. what C. when D. where
    【答案】B
    【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实,这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句,该从句中,空处在从句中作said的宾语,表示”……所说的话”,因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。
    3. (2020浙江高考真题)Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
    【答案】what
    【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:在几千年的时间里,他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖,而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子,宾语从句部分缺主语,所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意,此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。
    4.【2020年天津卷第一次】 My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.
    A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. whichever
    【答案】B
    【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:我的祖母让我相信,我可以完成任何我专心去做的事情。A. whenever无论何时;B. whatever 无论什么,任何;C. wherever无论何地;D. whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句连接词,从句缺少宾语,应用连接代词,再结合句意,此处用“任何”符合语境,故选B项。
    5. 【2020年江苏卷】This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______.
    A. whichever B. whenever C. wherever D. whatever
    【答案】D
    【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧,然后全力以赴。A. whichever无论哪个;B. whenever无论何时;C. wherever无论何地;D. whatever无论什么。分析句子成分可知,此处做goes for的宾语,指代“任何事情”,whatever符合语境。故选D。
    2019年

    1.【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
    61. that【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知,主句为there be句型,且结构完整,空格后为同位语从句,解释说明中心词evidence的内容,故填that。
    2.【2019年北京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
    8. 考查宾语从句。句意:学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里(哪所大学)更重要。这里表达去哪所大学,表示地点,作状语。故用where。
    3.【2018年浙江卷11月】It is possible _____63_____ caffeine may cause birth defects(缺陷) in humans, too. 【答
    63.考查主语从句。句中it是形式主语,真正主语是后面的从句,从句中不缺少句子成分,意思完整,用that起引导作用,故填that。
    4.【2019年江苏卷】Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
    A. what B. that C. which D. where
    25.B【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:科学家已经获得更多证据,塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分,且与evidence指代的是同一事件,用that引导同位语从句。故选B。


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