2024年高考英语一轮复习考点精讲精练（全国通用）词汇综合测试（Word版附解析）

这是一份2024年高考英语一轮复习考点精讲精练（全国通用）词汇综合测试（Word版附解析），共23页。
词汇综合测试
Part1
核心词汇词义辨析
Part2
重点词汇词性转换
Part3
语法填空综合测试

Part1核心词汇词义辨析
1） 名词辨析
1．（2023秋·福建厦门·高三厦门双十中学校考阶段练习）There is a risk that the unequal of wealth may lead to a less stable society.
A．appointment B．foundation C．distribution D．declaration
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：财富分配不均有可能导致社会不稳定。A. appointment职务，任命，约会；B. foundation基础；C. distribution分配，分布，分发；D. declaration声明，宣言。根据lead to a less stable society可知，财富分配不均会导致社会不稳定，C符合题意。故选C。
2．（2023秋·福建厦门·高三厦门双十中学校考阶段练习）It seems to be beyond his to follow simple instructions.
A．dignity B．liberty C．capacity D．integrity
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他好像连简单的指令也听不懂。A. dignity尊严；B. liberty自由；C. capacity能力；D. integrity正直。beyond one’s capacity表示“超出某人的能力”。故选C。
3．（2023秋·福建宁德·高三福建省宁德第一中学校考阶段练习）Most parks in our city are free. They don’t charge money for ________.
A．agreement B．admission
C．permission D．entertainment
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们城市的大多数公园都是免费的。它们不收入场费。A. agreement协议；B. admission入场费；C. permission同意，许可；D. entertainment娱乐。根据句意“大多数公园都是免费的”可知，是不收入场费的。故选B。
4．（2023秋·福建宁德·高三福建省宁德第一中学校考阶段练习）A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the ________ he keeps.
A．company B．custom
C．concept D．community
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常可从一个人所读的书和所交的朋友就可知道他的为人。A. company陪伴；在一起的一群人；B. custom习俗；C. concept观念；D. community社区。keep company和……交往。根据“A man may usually be known”可知，从一个人交往的朋友可以看出他的为人。故选A。
5．（2023秋·福建宁德·高三福建省宁德第一中学校考阶段练习）When Richard said, “You are much more agreeable and prettier now,” Joan’s face turned red at the unexpected_____.
A．command B．comparison
C．expectation D．compliment
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当理查德说：“你现在更讨人喜欢了，也更漂亮了。”琼听到这句意想不到的恭维话，脸涨得通红。A. command命令；B. Comparison比较；C. expectation期望；D. compliment称赞；恭维。根据“When Richard said, “You are much more agreeable and prettier now,””可知，理查德对琼说的是恭维的话。故选D。
6．（2019·天津·高三专题练习）The possession of material ________can only provide you with short—lived enjoyment.
A．subjects B．objects C．objectives D．circumstances
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：物质的占有只能给你提供短暂的享受。A. subjects学科、主题、主语；B. objects物体、宾语、目标；C. objectives目标；D. circumstances环境、状况。根据句意可知，此处表示物质物品的占有，应用objects。故选B项。
7．（2023·天津南开·南开中学校考模拟预测）Healthcare workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their ______to patients.
A．guidance B．assignment C．exposure D．response
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于医护人员与病人接触，他们有感染传染病的危险。A. guidance引导；B. assignment任务；C. exposure暴露，接触；D. response回复。根据“Healthcare workers ”和“patients”可知，此处表示医护人员和病人接触。故选C。
8．（2023·天津·耀华中学校考二模）Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism but the people also rapidly feel its ________.
A．benefits B．contribution C．demand D．effects
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个国家的环境不仅会受到旅游业突然增长的影响，而且人们也会迅速感受到它的影响。A. benefits利益；B. contribution贡献；C. demand需求；D. effects影响。根据上文“Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism”可知，此处指人们也会感受到这种影响，故选D项。
9．（2019·江苏·高三专题练习）The fault occurred (发生) ______, so I forgave him.
A．in advance B．by accident C．in a mess D．by nature
【答案】B
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个错误是偶然发生的，所以我原谅了他。A. in advance提前；B. by accident偶然地；C.in a mess一团糟；D. by nature天生地；分析句子结构可知，此处应为句子状语部分，结合so I forgave him可知，此处为by accident表示“偶然地”符合句意。故选A项。
10．（2023·天津河西·统考三模）My first ______ of our English teacher was that she was too strict, but now she is a patient and kind-hearted lady in my mind.
A．connection B．motivation C．permission D．impression
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对英语老师的第一印象是她太严格了，但是现在我觉得她是一个有耐心，善良的人。A. connection联系；B. motivation动力；C. permission允许；D. imoression印象。根据句意可知，此处意为“印象”，表达为impression。故选D。
11．（2023·天津北辰·统考模拟预测）A Beijing girl Shang Lin made up her mind to join the army ________ acting; she gained 10kg in order to become a soldier.
A．in case of B．in place of
C．on behalf of D．in exchange for
【答案】B
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：北京女孩尚林决定从军代替演戏；为了当兵，她增重了10公斤。A. in case of以防万一；B. in place of 代替，取代；C. on behalf of 代表；D. in exchange for为交换。根据句意，尚林应该是原来从事表演，现在改行参军。短语in place of符合语境。故选B项。
12．（2023·天津·天津市新华中学校考二模）How can we improve medical care to benefit people?________, how can we create a healthcare system that helps people?
A．In addition B．On the other hand C．In other words D．On the contrary
【答案】C
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：我们如何改善医疗服务以造福人民？换句话说，我们怎样才能建立一个帮助人们的医疗体系？A. In addition此外；B. On the other hand另一方面；C. In other words换句话说；D. On the contrary与此相反。根据句意可知，In other words“换句话说”符合语意。故选C。
13．（2019·江苏·高三专题练习）People in the south live on rice. ___________, they eat a great deal of fruit.
A．In addition B．In contrast C．In conclusion D．In brief
【答案】A
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：南方人以大米为生。此外，他们吃大量的水果。A. In addition此外；B. In contrast相反；C. In conclusion总之；D. In brief简要地。由“People in the south live on rice”和“they eat a great deal of fruit”可知，句子表示“南方人以大米为生。此外，他们吃大量的水果”，空格处意为“此外”，用in addition表示补充说明。故选A。
14．（2023春·天津·高三天津一中校考阶段练习）While the book was not welcomed by scholars, I believed that it would make an immediate
to the general readers.
A．impact B．appeal C．request D．contribution
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本书不受学者欢迎，但我相信它会立即吸引普通读者。A. impact影响；B. appeal吸引；C. request要求；D. contribution贡献。根据后文“to the general readers”可知，此处指这本书吸引普通读者。故选B。
15．（2023·天津·耀华中学校考一模）Oceans, like the rest of the world, are impacted by the burning of fossil fuels and the of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide.
A．supply B．assistance C．quantity D．release
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：海洋和世界其他地方一样，受到化石燃料燃烧和二氧化碳等温室气体释放的影响。A. supply供应；B. assistance帮助；C. quantity数量；D. release释放。根据后文“of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide”指温室气体释放，应用release。故选D。
16．（2023·天津河北·统考二模）Her enthusiasm and________to the students over the past seven years has brought the school to the leading position in many areas.
A．judgement B．commitment C．competition D．evolution
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的七年中，她对学生的热情和承诺使学校在许多领域处于领先地位。A. judgement判断；B. commitment献身，承诺；C. competition比赛；D. evolution进化。根据下文“to the students over the past seven years has brought the school to the leading position in many areas.”可知，此处表示对学生的承诺，固定搭配：commitment to“恪守承诺”。故选B。
17．（2022·河南郑州·郑州外国语学校校考一模）The article discusses the ____ of this theory to actual economic practice.
A．application B．attraction C．association D．assumption
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该书阐述了如何将这一理论应用于具体的经济活动中。A. application应用；B. attraction吸引；C. association协会；D. assumption假设。根据空后“this theory to actual economic practice”可知，此处指理论的应用。故选A。
18．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）All human cultures have their rituals and their diversity can cause clashes between peoples, particularly when the valued rituals of one culture another as strange.
A．note B．concern C．fancy D．strike
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的人类文化都有自己的仪式，它们的多样性可能导致民族之间的冲突，特别是当一种文化的重要仪式对另一种文化感到奇怪时。A. note留意，注意；B. concern使忧虑，使担心；C. fancy喜欢，想要；D. strike给人……印象。由“All human cultures have their rituals and their diversity can cause clashes between peoples”可知，句子表示“所有的人类文化都有自己的仪式，它们的多样性可能导致民族之间的冲突，特别是当一种文化的重要仪式对另一种文化感到奇怪时”，空格处意为“给人……印象”，strike sb as意为“给某人以……印象，使某人感到”，故选D。
19．（2023秋·天津·高三天津市咸水沽第一中学校考期末）Inside the houses provided by the government, the homeless got ______ from cold nights on the streets, so they were grateful.
A．privilege B．virtue C．appeal D．relief
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在政府提供的房屋内，这些街头无家可归者在寒冷的夜晚得到了救济，所以他们很感激。A. privilege荣幸；B. virtue美德；C. appeal吸引力；D. relief救济。由上文“Inside the houses provided by the government”可知，无家可归者得到了救济，故选D。
20．（2023·天津和平·统考二模）Students are encouraged to speak and improve their English with the ________ of teachers who will always use English with them and give them help.
A．absence B．strength C．defence D．presence
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们鼓励学生在老师在场的时候说英语，提高英语水平，老师会经常和他们一起使用英语并给予他们帮助。A. absence缺席；B. strength体力；C. defence防御；D. presence在场，出席。根据句意，表示“在场”用介词短语with the presence of (sb.)，意为“(有某人)在场”。故选D项。
21．（2023·天津·模拟预测）Success comes to those who are willing to risk making mistakes in the ________ of their goals and ambitions, and who are able to learn from those mistakes.
A．procedure B．pursuit C．preference D．progress
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功属于那些在追求目标和抱负的过程中愿意冒犯错误的风险，并且能够从这些错误中吸取教训的人。A. procedure程序；B. pursuit追求；C. preference偏爱；D. progress进步。根据后文“of their goals and ambitions”指追求目标和抱负。故选B。
22．（2023春·天津·高三天津一中校考阶段练习）Faust still has a vague ______ of Helen in his mind as he gazes about at the mountains where he finds himself.
A．image B．play C．shape D．lie
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当浮士德凝视着他发现自己所在的群山时，他的脑海中仍然有海伦的模糊形象。A. image形象；B. play游戏，玩耍；C. shape外形；D. lie谎言。结合Helen in his mind可知，此处表示“形象”为image符合句意。故选A项。
2）动词辨析
1．（2023·天津河北·统考一模）I picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher, but no one has ________ it ever since.
A．spotted B．applied C．claimed D．discovered
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在学校捡了一个钱包递给了班主任，但从那以后就再也没有人认领过。A. spotted注意到；B. applied申请；C. claimed认领、索取；D. discovered发现。结合“I picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher”和but可知，应该是无人认领钱包。故选C项。
2．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）Usually, I feel exhausted after a tiring day so when I get home I like to________ on the sofa and listen to music.
A．collapse B．breathe C．embrace D．bend
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，在劳累了一天后，我会感到筋疲力尽，所以当我回到家时，我喜欢瘫坐在沙发上听音乐。A. collapse躺下放松；B. breathe呼吸；C. embrace拥抱；D. bend弯曲。根据上文“I feel exhausted after a tiring day”可知，此处指躺在沙发上听音乐放松。故选A。
3．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）Colors like green can ________ a sense of life and quietness to people.
A．acquire B．remark C．investigate D．convey
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像绿色这样的颜色可以给人一种充满生机和安静的感觉。A. acquire获得；B. remark评论；C. investigate调查；D. convey传达。根据“a sense of life and quietness to people”可推知，这种给人的感觉是绿色一类的颜色传达给人们的，即convey。故选D。
4．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）In contrast to Barbie’s fantasy figure and fashionable high heels, these dolls are ________ on girls from historical eras and come with storybooks about themselves.
A．modeled B．synthesized C．popularized D．imposed
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与芭比娃娃的幻想身材和时尚的高跟鞋形成鲜明对比的是，这些娃娃以历史时代的女孩为蓝本，并配有关于自己的故事书。A. modeled建模；模仿；B. synthesized合成；C. popularized普及；D. imposed强加。固定短语be modeled on表示“以……为模型”，符合语境，故选A项。
5．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）In all regions, women live longer than men. However, social, cultural and economic factors can the natural advantage of women compared to men.
A．challenge B．guarantee C．confirm D．affect
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在所有地区，妇女的寿命都比男子长。然而，社会、文化和经济因素会影响女性相对于男性的天然优势。A. challenge挑战；B. guarantee保证；C. confirm确认；D. affect影响。根据“In all regions, women live longer than men. However, social, cultural and economic factors”可知，社会、文化和经济因素也会影响到寿命。故选D。
6．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）Major depression requires medical treatment, but physical activity, especially those done outdoors, can help ________ symptoms.
A．ease B．limit C．strike D．process
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：重度抑郁症需要药物治疗，但体育活动，尤其是户外活动，可以帮助缓解症状。A. ease缓解；B. limit限制；C. strike罢工；D. process处理。根据上文“but physical activity, especially those done outdoors, can help”指户外活动可以缓解抑郁症的症状。故选A。
7．（2023·天津·统考二模）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A．permitting B．reflecting C．reviewing D．investigating
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：城市是人类手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。A. permitting允许；B. reflecting反映；C. reviewing回顾，反思；D. investigating调查。根据A city is the product of the the human hand and mind可知，城市是人类手和思想的产物，应是“反映”了人的智慧和创造力，故选B。
8．（2023秋·天津·高三统考期末）Some international passenger flights remain________until further notice due to the rising concerns over the virus.
A．crashed B．conducted
C．suspended D．sustained
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于对病毒的担忧日益剧增，一些国际客运航班继续暂停，直到接到进一步的通知。根据后文的“until further notice due to the rising concerns over the virus”可知，此处指航班继续暂停。A. crashed撞车；B. conducted实施；C. suspended暂停；D. sustained维持。故选C。
9．（2023·天津和平·统考二模）Faced with a declining population and workforce, Japan has been increasingly ________ robots for help.
A．turning to B．putting away C．taking up D．holding back
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：面对人口和劳动力的下降，日本越来越多地求助于机器人。A. turning to求助于； B. putting away整理，收拾； C. taking up从事；占据； D. holding back阻止。根据句中“Faced with a declining population and workforce”可知，人口和劳动力的下降，因此此处指日本转向机器人求助。故选A。
10．（2022春·全国·高三专题练习）It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to ________ those hard times.
A．break through B．put through C．look through D．get through
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：它是我依靠的磐石，让我变得坚强，让我度过那些艰难的时光。A.break through突破；B.put through完成；C.look through浏览；D.get through度过。根据句意的需要可知，“我”依靠“磐石”度过那些艰难的时光，故选D。
11．（2023秋·天津·高三天津市咸水沽第一中学校考期末）If you really want the job, you’ll have to ______ the interviewers of your enthusiasm for it.
A．inform B．convince C．warn D．request
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你真的想要这份工作，你必须让面试官相信你对这份工作的热情。A. inform告知；B. convince使相信；C. warn警告；D. request要求。根据句意，此处指“使某人相信……”，应用convince sb. of sth.。故选B。
12．（2023秋·天津·高三天津市咸水沽第一中学校考期末）—I came over to speak to Peter at the party, but he ______.
—Why did he give you the cold shoulder? You two are good friends.
A．turned away B．put down C．left out D．held out
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：——我在聚会上过来和彼得说话，但他转过脸去。——他为什么对你冷淡？你们俩是好朋友。A. turned away转过脸去；避开；B. put down镇压；C. left out省去；不考虑；遗漏；D. held out伸出；坚持。根据“Why did he give you the cold shoulder?”可知，与彼得说话，但彼得转过脸去。故选A。
13．（2023·天津·高三专题练习）The badly injured mother _______ to be happy and relaxed when she saw her son was back from work tiredly.
A．moved B．pretended C．ignored D．resembled
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位身受重伤的母亲看到儿子疲惫地下班回来时，她假装很高兴和很放松。A. moved移动；B. pretended假装；C. ignored忽视；D. resembled类似。空格处在主句中作谓语，结合时间状语从句中的谓语saw可知，应用一般过去时，结合句意“假装”是pretend。故选B项。
14．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）Both moral virtue and intellectual virtue are worthwhile human pursuits, but some scholars _________ the former as a universal need for a healthy civilization.
A．advance B．empathize C．elevate D．approve
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：道德美德和智力美德都是值得人类追求的，但一些学者将前者提升为健康文明的普遍需求。A. advance（使）前进；B. empathize强调；C. elevate提升；D. approve同意。根据“Both…and…”可知，前面是将两种美德放在同样的高度上，but形成语义的转折，表明这两种美德之间存在高度上的差异，道德美德上升到更为重要的层面上，elevate“提升”更符合句意。故选C项。
15．（2022·河南郑州·郑州外国语学校校考一模）I always ______ the smell of those flowers with my childhood, which I treasure most.
A．associate B．equip C．mix D．charge
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是把那些花的味道和我最珍惜的童年联系在一起。A. associate联想，联系；B. equip装备，配备；C. mix混合；D. charge控告。由语意可知，此处考查动词短语associate...with...，意为“把……和……联系起来”，故选A项。
16．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）The tanker, which was full of petrol, ____ and gave off heavy and dark flames the moment a truck knocked into it.
A．blew up B．put up C．turned up D．brought up
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一辆卡车撞上这辆装满汽油的油罐车，油罐车随即爆炸，冒出了浓黑的火焰。A. blew up爆发，爆炸；B. put up提供，建造，举起；C. turned up出现；D. brought up提出，抚养。根据句意，此处考查动词短语blow up，意为“爆炸”，两车相撞导致油罐车爆炸，故选A项。
17．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）It is a must for speech makers to ________what he will present prior to the presentation.
A．overlook B．overcome C．pretend D．polish
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对讲演者来说，在演讲前润色他要讲的内容是必须的。A. overlook俯瞰；忽视；B. overcome克服；C. pretend假装；D. polish润饰。根据“what he will present prior to the presentation.”可知，演讲前演讲稿需要润色。故选D。
18．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）One of the first steps in dealing with emotions such as anger or fear is to ________ them as normal and human.
A．imagine B．applaud C．acknowledge D．dismiss
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：应对愤怒或恐惧等情绪的第一步是承认它们是正常的、符合人性的。A. imagine想象；B. applaud鼓掌，称赞；C. acknowledge承认；D. dismiss不予考虑。结合句意可知，此处指“承认它们是正常的、符合人性的”，acknowledge...as...承认……是……，固定搭配，故选C。
19．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）We will ________ restoration and reconstruction of the area after the disaster, including transportation, communications and water supply.
A．accommodate B．accumulate C．accelerate D．accustom
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们将加快灾后恢复重建，包括交通、通信和供水。A. accommodate为……提供住宿；B. accumulate积累；C. accelerate加快；D. accustom使习惯于。由“restoration and reconstruction of the area after the disaster”可知，句子表示“我们将加快灾后恢复重建”，空格处意为“加快”，故选C。
20．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）Mr. Chang always tries to answer all questions from his students. He will not ________ any of them even if they may sound stupid.
A．settle B．gossip C．ignore D．command
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：张老师总是尽力回答学生的所有问题。他不会忽视它们中的任何一个，即使它们听起来很愚蠢。A. settle解决；B. gossip聊天，闲聊；C. ignore忽略；D. command命令。根据“even if they may sound stupid.”可知，即使学生问的问题听起来很愚蠢，但张老师不会忽视任何一个问题。故选C。
21．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）It’s important to show support for one another as we ________ these difficult times.
A．go through B．go over C．get along with D．set down
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在我们度过难关的时候，互相支持是很重要的。A. go through度过；B. go over检查；复习；C. get along with友好相处；进展；D. set down记下，写下。根据“It’s important to show support for one another”可知，度过难关时互相支持很重要。故选A。
22．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）This is called the hedonic treadmill(快乐水车), in which satisfaction ________almost immediately and we must run on to the next reward to avoid the feeling of falling behind.
A．wears off B．shows off C．drops out D．misses out
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这就叫做快乐水车，在这种情况下，满足感会立刻消失，我们必须继续跑向下一个奖励，以避免落后的感觉。根据句意可知，此处意为“消失”。A. wears off磨损，消失；B. shows off炫耀；C. drops out退学，脱离；D. misses out错过，遗漏。故选A。
23．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）The earliest way of traveling was undoubtedly by foot, and humans’ earliest means of goods was carrying loads on their back or head.
A．innovating B．transporting C．producing D．measuring
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，最早的旅行方式是步行，人类最早的运输货物的方式是背上或头上负重。A. innovating改革；B. transporting运输；    C. producing生产；D.  measuring测量。根据后文“goods was carrying loads on their back or head”可知是在说明人类最早的运输货物的方式是背上或头上负重。故选B。
24．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）Though he didn’t agree with us at first, we soon ________him to our way of thinking.
A．converted B．transferred C．modified D．exchanged
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他一开始不同意我们的意见，但我们很快就使他向我们的思维方式转变。A. converted转变；改变（观点、习惯、信仰等）；B. transferred使转移；C. modified改进；D. exchanged交换。根据下文“him to our way of thinking”可知，此处表示转变思维方式，故选A。
25．（2023·全国·高三假期作业）At the end of the experiment, the effect of the drug will be ______ for further research.
A．recalled B．assessed C．polished D．boosted
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在实验结束时，将对药物的效果进行评估，以供进一步研究。A. recalled回想起；B. assessed评估；C. polished抛光；D. boosted促进。根据前后文“the effect of the drug will be ______ for further research”指将对药物的效果进行评估，以供进一步研究，应用assess，为一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。
26．（2023·天津河西·统考三模）Though the young girl earns less than 2000 dollars a month, she still ______ some money every month for special goals.
A．hands out B．takes on C．sets aside D．watches over
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：尽管这个女孩一个月挣不到2000美元，但她仍然会每个月存下一部分钱用于特殊情况。A. hands out分发；B. takes on呈现；C. set aside留出，储存；D. watches over看守，照管。根据句意可知，此处指她会留出一些钱。故选C。
27．（2023·天津·校联考二模）Having worked as a doctor for so many years, Mr. White has________rich experience in battling with various diseases.
A．accumulated B．reserved C．increased D．developed
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：怀特先生从医多年，积累了与各种疾病作斗争的丰富经验。A. accumulated积累；B. reserved保留、贮备；C. increased增加、增强；D. developed开发、发展、养成。根据前面的“Having worked as a doctor for so many years”及句意可知，工作多年，应该是积累了丰富经验，accumulated符合句意。故选A项。
28．（2023·天津·耀华中学校考二模）The trick of acquiring excellent grades, now, is to hold as much determination as you need and to ________ the desire of laziness.
A．obtain B．resist C．convey D．distribute
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：获得优异成绩的诀窍是要有足够的决心，并抵制懒惰的欲望。A. obtain获得；B. resist抵制；C. convey表达；D. distribute分发。根据后文“the desire of laziness”可知，此处指抵制懒惰的欲望。故选B。
29．（2022秋·广东深圳·高三校考阶段练习）His early experience enabled him to________ barriers between Scottish Catholics and Protestants.
A．break out B．break up C．break in D．break down
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的早期经历使他能够打破苏格兰天主教徒和新教徒之间的障碍。A. break out爆发；B. break up破裂；C. break in突然闯入；D. break down打破。根据“barriers between Scottish Catholics and Protestants.”可知，此处是指打破苏格兰天主教徒和新教徒之间的障碍，break down“打破”符合题意。故选D。
30．（2023秋·福建厦门·高三厦门双十中学校考阶段练习）Some regard AI as a potential major threat to humans. However, others this fear.
A．appreciate B．dismiss C．address D．recall
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些人认为人工智能是对人类的潜在重大威胁。然而，其他人对这种担忧不屑一顾。A. appreciate欣赏，感激；B. dismiss不考虑，不理会；C. address演讲；D. recall回想。根据“Some regard AI as a potential major threat to humans”及“However”可知，其他的人不考虑这种担忧。故选B。
3）形容词和副词辨析
1．（2023秋·福建厦门·高三厦门双十中学校考阶段练习）With the development of AI, the line between humans and robots will be more in the future.
A．absurd B．violent C．urgent D．blurred
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着人工智能的发展，未来人类和机器人之间的界限将更加模糊。A. absurd荒谬的；B. violent暴力的；C. urgent紧急的，迫切的；D. blurred模糊不清的。根据前文“With the development of AI(随着人工智能的发展)”可推知，有了人工智能的帮助，机器人更加智能化，与人类之间的界限不再清晰，会变得更加模糊。故选D项。
2．（2023秋·福建厦门·高三厦门双十中学校考阶段练习）Claire found it that she, a human being, was being offered sympathy by a robot.
A．superior B．ridiculous C．straightforward D．thrilling
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：克莱尔觉得她作为一个人类，竟然得到一个机器人的同情，这太荒谬了。A. superior优越的；B. ridiculous荒谬的；C. straightforward直率的；D. thrilling令人兴奋的。根据“a human being, was being offered sympathy by a robot.”可知，克莱尔认为作为人类被机器人同情是荒谬的。故选B。
3．（2023秋·福建宁德·高三福建省宁德第一中学校考阶段练习）People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ______ rather than based on fixed criteria.
A．exceptional B．diverse
C．arbitrary D．controversial
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们抱怨批准或拒绝许可证的决定往往是武断的，而不是基于固定的标准。A. exceptional卓越的；B. diverse不同的；C. arbitrary武断的，任意的；D. controversial有争议的。根据句意“不是基于固定的标准的决定”可知，这种决定可能是武断的。故选C。
4．（2023秋·福建宁德·高三福建省宁德第一中学校考阶段练习）Whenever the teacher asks a question of my slow desk-mate, he often stands up and constantly scratches his head.
A．accidentally B．unconsciously
C．elegantly D．coincidentally
【答案】B
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：每当老师问我这个慢悠悠的同桌一个问题时，他常常不自觉地站起来，不停地搔着头。A. accidentally偶然地；B. unconsciously无意识地；不知不觉地；C. elegantly优美地；D. coincidentally巧合地。根据“Whenever the teacher asks a question of my slow desk-mate,”可知，同桌回答老师问题时，会不自觉地站起来并不停地搔着头。故选B。
5．（2019·江苏·高三专题练习）If you do, you won’t be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an______scene and that ruins everyone’s day.
A．unpleasant B．negative C．dynamic D．worthy
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你做的话，你不能解决它，并且整件事也会发展为令人不愉快的情况，这样就会毁了每个人的一天。A. unpleasant令人不愉快的；B. negative消极的；C. dynamic动态的；D. worthy值得的。根据后文“that ruins everyone’s day”可知，此处指整件事发展为“令人不愉快的”情况，故选A。
6．（2022秋·黑龙江鹤岗·高三鹤岗一中校考阶段练习）I’m sorry you don’t like the skirt, because he bought it for you.
A．specially; specially B．especially; specially
C．particularly; especially D．specially; especially
【答案】B
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：很遗憾你不喜欢这条裙子，尤其是他特地为你买的。particularly着重说明与同类事物不同的个别事物；especially adv. 特别；尤其；格外。 specially adv. 特别地；专门地。 其用法区别为 especially更倾向于“尤其”的意思；specially更倾向于“专门”的意思。根据句意，第一空此处为“尤其”含义，第二空为“特别，专门”含义，选项B符合题意，故选B。
7．（2019·江苏·高三专题练习）I’m hoping that self-driving cars are _______ soon to bring great convenience to our life.
A．incredible B．responsible C．available D．adjustable
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望自动驾驶汽车很快问世，给我们的生活带来极大的便利。A. incredible难以置信的，惊人的；B. responsible有责任心的；C. available可获得的，可购得的；D. adjustable可调整的。根据句意可知，人们可以获得自动驾驶汽车，才能享受便利，此处用available，故选C。
8．（2019·天津·高三专题练习）The yearly income of the newspaper dropped ________ from $57.8 billion in 2020 to $14.3 billion in 2021.
A．dramatically B．potentially C．slightly D．steadily
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：该报的年收入从2020年的578亿美元急剧下降到2021年的143亿美元。A. dramatically显著地；B. potentially潜在地；C. slightly稍微；D. steadily稳定地。根据后文“from $57.8 billion in 2020 to $14.3 billion in 2021”可知收入是显著下降了。故选A项。
9．（2019·江苏·高三专题练习）The company applies a ________ working hour to allow its employees to balance between job and family.
A．complex B．virtual C．flexible D．wearable
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该公司实行弹性工作时间，使员工能够在工作和家庭之间取得平衡。A. complex复杂的；B. virtual虚拟的，事实上的；C. flexible有弹性的，灵活的；D. wearable可穿戴的。根据前后文句意可知，公司实行弹性工作时间。故选C项。
10．（2019·江苏·高三专题练习）Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have ________ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.
A．smooth B．flexible C．precious D．sufficient
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在外工作的母亲应该有灵活的时间安排，以便更容易照顾孩子。A. smooth光滑的；顺利的；B. flexible灵活的；C. precious珍贵的；D. sufficient足够的。根据句意和语境可知，灵活的时间安排更有利于照顾孩子，B项符合题意。故选B。
11．（2019·天津·高三专题练习）The application of the new software has ______ begun, which means there’s still a lot of work to do before it can be put to realistic use.
A．surprisingly B．officially
C．barely D．perfectly
【答案】C
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：新软件的应用才刚刚开始，这意味着在它投入实际使用之前还有很多工作要做。A. surprisingly令人惊讶地；B. officially官方地，正式地；C.  barely刚刚，仅仅；D. perfectly完美地。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰谓语动词has begun，结合句意可知，此处表示“刚刚”符合句意，所以应为barely。故选C项。
12．（2019·天津·高三专题练习）It’s generally agreed that one living in an English-speaking country can acquire the language ________.
A．automatically B．sincerely C．instantly D．tragically
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为，生活在英语国家的人可以自动掌握这种语言。A. automatically自动地；B. sincerely真诚地；C. instantly立即，马上，立刻；D. tragically悲剧地，悲惨地。分析句子意思可知，这里需要副词automatically，表明多数人认为，生活在英语国家的人可以自动掌握这种语言。故选A。
13．（2019·江苏·高三专题练习）Losing weight is a slow, ________process.
A．innocent B．abstract C．mental D．gradual
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：减肥是一个缓慢而逐渐的过程。A.innocent无辜的；B.abstract抽象的；C.mental智力的；精神健康的；D.gradual逐渐的。根据句意和常识可知，减肥是一个缓慢，逐渐的过程。故选D。
14．（2019·江苏·高三专题练习）Technology samples are designed to be ________ and to the point.
A．honest B．generous C．brief D．precious
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：技术示例的设计简明扼要。A. honest诚实的；B. generous慷慨的；C. brief简短的；D. precious珍贵的。由“and to the point”可知，句子表示“技术示例的设计简明扼要”，空格处意为“简短的”。故选C。
15．（2023·天津·校联考二模）You’d better back up general statements with________examples to make your article full and detailed.
A．various B．specific C．typical D．individual
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你最好用具体的例子来支持一般的陈述，使你的文章完整而详细。A. various各种各样的；B. specific具体的；C. typical典型的；有代表性的；D. individual单独的。根据“to make your article full and detailed.”可知，为了你的文章完整而详细，需要具体的例子。故选B。
16．（2023·天津·耀华中学校考一模）I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ______ and more reliable than television.
A．precious B．efficient C．relevant D．accurate
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直相信印刷媒体通常比电视更准确、更可靠。A. precious宝贵的；B. efficient有效的；C. relevant相关的；D. accurate准确的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词accurate“准确的”作表语，满足句意要求。故选D项。
17．（2023·天津·耀华中学校考一模）I quickly lower my head to avoid looking __________ into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.
A．willingly B．normally C．directly D．constantly
【答案】C
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我赶紧低下头，避免直视他的眼睛，这样他就不会觉得受到了挑战。A. willingly愿意地；B. normally正常地；C. directly直接地；D. constantly持续地。根据后文“into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged”低头是为了不直视眼睛，故选C。
18．（2023·天津河北·统考二模）His lifetime was spent generating new ideas and challenging outdated or________ones.
A．logical B．racial C．artificial D．controversial
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的一生都在创造新想法和挑战过时或有争议的想法。A. logical合乎逻辑的；B. racial种族的；C. artificial人造的；D. controversial有争议的。前文提到“His lifetime was spent generating new ideas and challenging outdated”（他的一生都在创造新想法和挑战过时的想法），根据语境此处可表示挑战“有争议的想法”。故选D。
19．（2019·江苏·高三专题练习）Indeed, last year, Google showed off a pair of smart glasses that can translate foreign languages in real time by displaying the ________ text over the lenses.
A．controversial B．corresponding C．characteristic D．subsequent
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：的确，去年谷歌展示了一副智能眼镜，它可以通过在镜片前展示相应的文本来实时翻译外语。A. controversial有争议的；B. corresponding相应的；C. characteristic独特的；D. subsequent随后的。根据空前“can translate foreign languages in real time by displaying the”可推知，此处表达在镜片前展示相应文本，眼镜进行实时翻译，空处应用corresponding“相应的”。故选B。
20．（2023·天津河北·统考一模）Darkness would make us more ________ of sight; silence would teach us the joy of sound.
A．aware B．appreciative C．delightful D．worthwhile
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：黑暗会让我们更加承认光明的价值；沉默会教会我们声音的乐趣。A. aware意识到的；B. appreciative欣赏的；C. delightful使人快乐的；D. worthwhile值得的。两个句子使用分号隔开，且两个句子中没有连接词，说明两个句子是并列成分。因为第二个句子用silence突出sound,可推知第一个句子使用darkness突出sight的作用，黑暗会让我们更加重视光明，换言之，承认光明的价值。A选项make sb aware of...,让某人意识到...,与句意表达不相符。故选B项。

Part 2 重点词汇词性转换
1. As they approached the city, the enemy fled in _________ (confuse).
2. He spent two nights under close __________ (observe) in hospital.
3. ________ (like) most of the teachers, Mr. You never gives us any homework during the weekend.
4. He is __________ (like) to arrive a little late.
5. The lamp suddenly went out, leaving us in ________ (dark) .
6. In this school special courses are offered to those with sight/hearing/speech _______ . (disabled)
7. She watched the train until it was only a dot in the ________ (distant) .
8. I gave a sigh of _________ (relieve) when I heard that he came back safe and sound.
9. Lake Green is one of the biggest tourist __________ (attract) in this country.
10. Shopping via the Internet is an _________ (attract) idea for most young people.
11. The job involves gathering and __________ (analysis) data.
12. Science graduates are facing less __________ (employ) pressure than arts graduates.
13. The weather forecast said it would be __________ (fog) the next morning.
14. I am __________ (anxiety) about losing my job.
15. We are _________(hope) that we can find a solution to the problem.
16. She asked me the question with a _________(puzzle) expression on her face.
17. With spring ________ (approach), the weather is getting warmer and warmer.
18. It was _____ (observe) that 40 percent of patients had high blood pressure.
19. Having been _______ (bite) seriously by a shark, Tony has to lie in bed for one year.
20._______ (attach) the message to its leg, he set the bird loose
21. Alexander tried to get his work _______ (recognize) in the medical circles.
22. The dog enjoyed himself ________ (roll) on the grass.
23. ______ (grasp) the rope with both hands, you will feel safe when you climb a hill.
1. confusion 2. observation 3. Unlike 4. likely 5. darkness 6. disabilities 7. distance 8. relief 9. attractions 10. attractive 11. analysing/ analyzing 12. employment 13. foggy 14. anxious 15. hopeful 16. puzzled 17. approaching 18. observed 19. bitten 20. attaching 21. recognized 22. rolling 23. Grasping
1. You’d better turn the radio down so as not ________ (disturb) the sleeping child.
2. It is a miracle that the old woman _________ (survive) from the earthquake after 7 days were gone.
3. His breaking his promise left me much ____________(disappoint).
4. It’s_________(comfort) to go trekking on camels through Gobi Desert.
5. He devoted himself to s________ research on how to improve the productivity of farming.
6. She has received a written w__________ that she will be fired if she is late again.
7. Many policemen were sent to help the _________ (survive) of the earthquake.
8. These days people are playing a lot of attention to _______ (preserve) old buildings and protect environment.
were interested in.
9. He won the first prize in the English contest. His English is __________（surprise）good.
10. The best time to visit the city is spring because the temperature is at its m____.
11. The teacher was telling a story, _________ (surround) by many children.
12. The speech seemed e_________ and many people began to get tired of it.
13. There are ten passengers on the bus, two children i__________.
14. For a more __________ (adventure) holiday, why not try mountain climbing?
15. Man’s life is often c___________ to a candle.
16. According to the s__________,the first lecture begins at 9a.m.
17. We already know who’s got the job but we haven’t yet been informed o_______.
18. What a c ___________ that we meet on the same street we parted 5 years ago.
19. It’s well-known to us all that Christopher Columbus was one of the greatest e___________.
20. In my opinion, his words are not ___________ (convince). It’s hard to believe what he said.
1. to disturb 2. survived 3. disappointed 4. uncomfortable 5. scientific 6. warning 7.survivors 8. preserving 9. surprisingly 10 mildest 11. surrounded 12. endless 13. included 14. adventurous 15. compared 16. schedule 17. officially 18. coincidence 19. explorers 20. convincing
1. Teacher u____________ that we(should)take action to keep the new words in mind.
2. Don’t let yourself be ____________ (persuade) into buying things you don’t really want.
3. The Hope Project is ____________ (mean) for the children who can’t afford to study.
4. Successful advertisements always use ___________ (persuade) language and exciting images to promote a product.
5. PSAs are often placed for free, and are ____________ (intend) to educate people about health.
6. Sometimes ____________ (customer) can benefit from advertisements.
7. I was told that my manager had made an unpleasant c ____________ about my speech.
8. Do you have any idea how to p ____________ this new kind of product?
9. After the star’s excellent performance on the stage, the a_____________ all burst into cheers.
10. Nearly all the ____________ (approach) to the palace were guarded by the soldiers.
11. The latter plan isn’t good. I think you should go back to your o_____________ one.
12. Please come and see me whenever it is c ____________ to you.
13. The news is ___________ (update) every day; you can get information about what happens in time.
14. They put up p____________ all round the town advertising iphone13.
15. He is _____________ (create) and always comes up with new ideas.
16. This dictionary he _____________ (recommend) to me then is intended for middle school students.
17. What is said in an advertisement should a ____________ to needs of the audience.
18. Before going on a diet, you’d better c ____________ your doctor.
19. It took them a long time to f___________ out how to start the equipment.
20. The lecture was difficult to understand. It was beyond my c____________.
21. John has a way to get his opinion a___________ while using as few words as possible.
22. If plastic and rubber are burnt, they'll give off ____________ (poison) gases.
23. These magnificent ancient buildings show the great ____________ (intelligent) of the laboring people.
24. You are actually e ____________ (encourage) her laziness if you do everything for her.
1. urged 2. be persuaded 3. meant 4. persuasive 5. intended 6．customers 7. comment 8.promote 9. audience 10. approaches 11. original 12. convenient 13. updated 14. posters 15. creative 16. recommended 17. appeal 18. consult 19. figure 20. comprehension 21. across 22. poisonous 23. intelligence 24. encouraging
1. We should take measures to meet the increasing _____________ (require) of the people.
2. Nowadays, many places have been developed into tourist a______________.
3. ____________ (enter) a new sport into the Olympics can be a long process.
4. The five rings on the Olympic flag stand for five c____________.
5. She needs a high income ____________ (support) such a large family.
6. As we joined the big crowd I got ____________ (separate) from my friends.
7. The new discovery of oil is of great ______________ (significant) to the country’s economy.
8. Friendship first, _____________ (compete) second.
9. They made all ____________ (attempt) to search for the lost boy but failed.
11. His dream is that people will live ___________ (peaceful) side by side.
12. We shouldn’t look down on those who do p____________ labour.
13. In Athens, the Chinese athletes won 63 m____________ in 55 events of 18 sports.
14. Chinese athletes have also made important c_______________ to the Olympic Games.
15. After 32 years’ a ____________, China returned to the Olympic Games in 1984.
18. Join me in wishing the Olympic movement a successful future to match its _____________ (glory) past.
19. Being (As) a Young Pioneer, she took an active part in social ______________ (activity).
20. ______ (host) the Olympic Games is a great honour to us Chinese people.
1. requirements 2. attractions 3. Entering 4. continents 5. to support 6. separated 7. significance 8. competition 9. attempts 11. peacefully 12. physical 13. medals 14. contributions 15. absence 18. glorious 19. activities 20. Hosting
1. In most of the people’s opinions, money can’t buy _____(happy).
2. Since you have been to Beijing, would you give us a _____ (present) about it?
3. He tried his best _____ (escape) from being punished for what he had done.
4. Next week our school will arrange for us to go on an expedition to sites of lost _____(civilization).
5. Despite this fact, French still had an i_____ on the English language.
6. He lay on the grass, staring up at the clouds _____ (float) in the sky.
7. Over the years her beauty had f_____ a little, but she still felt good about herself.
8. _____ (impress) by the beauty of the West Lake, he decided to stay there for another two days.
9. You should pay attention to your behavior. After all, first ______ (impress)are half the battle.
10. The ______(recommend) dosage (剂量) is one tablet every four hours.
11. When ______（compete）with others in a team, one should get along well with his or her teammates.
12. Shall all the students enter the classroom together or _____ (separate) ?
13. The programme, _____ (intend) to please the visiting guests, was met with cold silence
14. All of us finally agreed to his plan because of his _____ (persuade) language.
15. There is the fact that _____ (advertise) are influencing our way of consuming even our way of thinking.
16. Bill always seems to be honest and trusted, but in _____ (real) he often tells lies.
17. Are you very _____ (disappoint) at losing the opportunity?
18. The building was _____ (original) used as a prison, but now it acts as a place for tourists to visit
19. She shook her head _____ (indicate) that she had not pleased himself.
20. The campaign is _____ (aim) at increasing public awareness of the disease.
21. The judge has come to the _____ (conclude) that the suspect is innocent.
22. The artist s____ his name on the painting which he had just finished.
23. There is a radar system_____ (monitor) enemy planes at the top of the mountain.
24. Whoever is caught ____ (cheat) in the exam shall be severely punished.
25. Unfortunately, the gymnast had her legs _____ (injury) before the gymnastics competition.
26. The new technology will make great _____ (contribute) to the development of the IT industry.
27. Advertising companies are always coming up with new approaches to _____ (promote) products.
1. happiness 2. presentation 3. to escape 4. civilizations 5. impact/ influence 6. floating 7. faded 8. Impressed 9. impressions 10. recommended 11. competing 12. separately 13. intended 14. persuasive 15. advertisements 16. reality 17. disappointed 18. originally 19. to indicate 20. aimed 21. conclusion 22. signed 23. monitoring 24. cheating 25. injured 26. contributions 27. promoting
1. Learning __________ (establish) a friendship with people around is vital in society.
2. _________ (construct) in the 19th century, the five-storey building was turned into a museum in 1980.
3. He went to town with the p___________ of buying a new iPhone.
4. Keep this dictionary for __________ (refer) in case you meet with new words when reading.
5. He is interested in stamps and has a large ___________ (collect) of stamps
6. This is a matter of great ___________ (urge) which should be dealt with without delay.
7. I offered the a __________ suggestions of spending the vacation in the mountains or by the sea.
8. The poor child is from a r___________ mountain village.
9. I tried ___________ (comfort) her by telling her that everything would be all right.
10. To me, the first thing is to overcome the language b__________, or it will be difficult to live here.
11. He finally o_____________ what he had always wanted.
12. Our company has a _____________ (commit) to quality and customer service.
16. Everyone in the class was expected __________ (participate) in the food festival to welcome the year 2015.
17. Graduates are encouraged to work in the r___________ regions in western China.
18. All means have been tried, but we still can’t find any ___________ (solve).
1.to establish 2.Constructed 3.purpose 4. reference 5. collection 6. urgency 7.alternative 8.remote 9.to comfort 10.barrier 11.obtained 12.commitment 16. to participate 17. remote 18. solution
1. If you're going out for a walk, I'll come along and keep you ______________ (accompany).
2. She speaks English so well that her friends are filled with ______________ (admire).
3. What I have achieved in the past few months _____________ (inspire) me with confidence.
4. To my _____________(disappointed), my father didn’t buy me any present on my birthday for he had completely forgot it.
5. Having some outdoor activities every weekend will make you _____________ (energy) the following Monday morning.
6. Some people who first live abroad will feel _____________ (bearable) loneliness in the completely new environment.
7. My parents are very c ____________ (concerning) about me for I just failed in my exams.
8. I am fed up with my current job, so I feel like ___________ (quit) it.
12. His parents give him so much money that he’s got no ____________ (motive) to get a job.
15. He's such a shy boy that he can't ____________ (communication) very well with others.
16. The agency offers practical ____________ (guide) to people starting their own business.
18. We'll discuss the paragraph __________________ (relate)to the May 4th Movement.
1. company 2. admiration 3. inspires 4. disappointment 5. energetic 6. unbearable 7. concerned 8. quitting 12. motivation 15. communicate 16. guidance 18.related

Part 3语法填空综合测试
（2023·河北邯郸·统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Handan lies at the east foot of Taihang Mountains, and borders the North China Plain in the east. 1 (it) climate features four clear seasons. It is dry and 2 (wind) in spring, hot and rainy in summer. The weather is mild and cool in autumn and chilly in winter.
3 (locate) in the south of Hebei Province, Handan is in the communication center of Hebei, Henan, Shanxi and Shandong about 200 kilometers away from 4 capital cities of these four provinces and about 450 kilometers away from Beijing and Tianjin. 5 (be) an important transportation center, Handan possesses the integrated transport means of railway, highway and aviation, 6 can serve 13 cities nearby with a population of about 70 million.
Handan is also a famous historical and cultural city. The Cishan Culture 7 (make) this area a glowing pearl in the Central Plains of China about 8,000 years ago. Handan is regarded 8 the most time-honored city in Hebei. It used to be a political, economic and cultural center of northern China.
The idiom is one of the 9 (representative) of ancient culture in Handan. Among the idioms people use in daily life, there are 1,584 of them from or related to Handan. What’s more, Handan has many scenic spots, such as The Wahuang Palace and Jingniang Lake for tourists 10 (visit). Travelers can get deep cultured in this ancient city and learn about the interesting idioms.
【答案】1．Its 2．windy 3．Located 4．the 5．Being 6．which 7．made 8．as 9．representatives 10．to visit
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了历史文化名城邯郸的相关信息。
1．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：它的气候特点是四季分明。此处指“邯郸的”，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词climate，首字母大写。故填Its。
2．考查形容词。句意：春天干燥多风，夏天炎热多雨。该空用形容词windy和前面的形容词dry一起作表语。故填windy。
3．考查过去分词。句意：邯郸位于河北省南部，地处河北、河南、山西、山东四省的交通中心，距四省省会城市约200公里，距北京、天津约450公里。固定短语be located in (位于)，分析句子可知，该空用过去分词短语located in…作状语，首字母大写。故填Located。
4．考查定冠词。句意：邯郸位于河北省南部，地处河北、河南、山西、山东四省的交通中心，距四省省会城市约200公里，距北京、天津约450公里。特指四省的省会城市（capital cities），用定冠词the。故填the。
5．考查现在分词。句意：邯郸是重要的交通枢纽，拥有铁路、公路、航空等综合交通工具，可服务周边13个城市，人口约7000万。分析句子可知，逻辑主语Handan和非谓语动词be是主动关系，be用现在分词形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Being。
6．考查定语从句关系词。句意：邯郸是重要的交通枢纽，拥有铁路、公路、航空等综合交通工具，可服务周边13个城市，人口约7000万。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the integrated transport means，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
7．考查时态。句意：磁山文化使这一地区在大约8000年前成为中国中原地区一颗璀璨的明珠。结合时间状语about 8,000 years ago，动作已发生，谓语动词make用一般过去时。故填made。
8．考查固定短语。句意：邯郸被认为是河北历史最悠久的城市。固定短语be regarded as (被认为是)。故填as。
9．考查名词复数。句意：成语是邯郸古代文化的代表之一。one of +可数名词复数形式，意为“……之一”，用可数名词representative (代表)的复数形式。故填representatives。
10．考查不定式。句意：此外，邯郸还有许多景点，如瓦皇宫和京娘湖，供游客去游览。visit用不定式形式表将要去做的动作。故填to visit。
（2023·辽宁沈阳·东北育才学校校考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Getty Center sits on a hilltop in the Santa Monica Mountains, 11 (tower) above the city of Los Angeles. The museum was 12 (origin) constructed to house the vast art collection belonging to oil tycoon J. Paul Getty. Today, the modernist complex 13 (stock) with so many art works that the exhibit arenas can show just a part of them at a time, making the artistic special exhibitions a highlight of any visit to the Getty.
The Center’s award-winning architect, Richard Meier, did 14 outstanding job of creating a public space that has surprised many visitors. Visitors go to the Getty thinking they are visiting a museum with works of art on the inside. 15 they discover instead is a work of art with a museum inside. Meier took some basic materials metal, stone and glass. Working with a billion-dollar budget, he combined them 16 (create) a work of architecture that can excite visitors as much as the art collection inside 17 (do). Around every corner and at every turn, there is a new view 18 store for guests. And then, just 19 they think they have seen it all, a new fountain or landscape pops up.
In addition to museum tours, the Getty also provides various free on-site tours, including tours of the gardens. These 20 (explore) are a must for anyone interest in learning more about Meier’s techniques and ideas.
【答案】11．towering 12．originally 13．is stocked 14．an 15．What 16．to create 17．does 18．to 19．when 20．explorations
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了盖蒂艺术中心的由来及这个中心的建筑艺术价值。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：盖蒂中心坐落在圣莫尼卡山脉的山顶上，高耸于洛杉矶市之上。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，tower与逻辑主语The Getty Center之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式towering作状语。故填towering。
12．考查副词。句意：该博物馆最初是为了收藏属于石油大亨J·保罗·盖蒂的大量艺术品而建造的。空处修饰动词constructed，应用副词形式作状语，originally是副词，表示“起初”，符合题意。故填originally。
13．考查时态和语态。句意：如今，这座现代主义建筑群里收藏着如此多的艺术作品，以至于展览场一次只能展出其中的一部分，这使得艺术特展成为任何参观盖蒂博物馆的亮点。根据句中can show可知，句子使用一般现在时，stock与主语the modernist complex之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语the modernist complex是单数，be动词应用is。故填is stocked。
14．考查冠词。句意：该中心屡获殊荣的建筑师理查德·迈耶在创造公共空间方面做了出色的工作，令许多游客感到惊讶。句中job表示“工作”，是可数名词的单数形式，前边需要有不定冠词修饰，泛指“一个”，outstanding是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词an。故填an。
15．考查主语从句。句意：相反，他们发现的是一件里面有博物馆的艺术品。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填What。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：在10亿美元的预算下，他将它们结合在一起，创造了一件建筑作品，它可以像里面的艺术收藏一样让游客兴奋不已。结合语意可知，他将它们结合在一起，是为了创造一件建筑作品，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to create。
17．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在10亿美元的预算下，他将它们结合在一起，创造了一件建筑作品，它可以像里面的艺术收藏一样让游客兴奋不已。that引导的定语从句中，根据句中can excite可知，句子使用一般现在时，且结合语意，the art collection inside ___7___是比较结构，其中主语the art collection是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，使用助动词does，指代上文中的excite。故填does。
18．考查不定式。句意：在每一个角落和每一个转弯处，都有一个可供客人欣赏的新风景。分析句子结构可知，store在句中作非谓语动词，应用不定式形式作后置定语，修饰名词view，所以空处应用不定式符号to。故填to。
19．考查连词。句意：然后，就当他们认为自己已经看到了这一切的时候，一个新的喷泉或景观突然出现了。结合语意可知，此处表示当他们认为自己已经看到了一切的时候，空处应用连词when，表示“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故填when。
20．考查名词。句意：对于任何有兴趣进一步了解迈耶的技术和思想的人来说，这些探索都是必须的。空处用于these之后，应用名词exploration的复数形式explorations，表示“探索”，作句子主语。故填explorations。
（2023·福建泉州·统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) originated in ancient China. It 21 (include) acupuncture (针灸), Chinese herbal medicine, tai chi, qigong, tuina, guasha, cupping and so on.
Acupuncture was one of the first TCM   22 (method) that were accepted by the healthcare system in the USA．It was first introduced to the USA in 1971 by a New York Times reporter, James Reston, in an article 23 (title) “Now, about my operation in Peking”.
In 1997. acupuncture was 24 (official) accepted by the National Institutes of Health of the US, and in a statement in 2002, the World Health Organization recognized acupuncture as an 25 (effect) treatment for more than 43 common ailments (小病). TCM focuses 26 not only the disease treatment, but also the disease prevention and 27 (improve) of overall health.
Today, TCM is primarily used as an alternative for people 28 (maintain) a healthy state in the US. It is widely practiced in more than 180 countries and regions around the globe; among them, 103 countries have approved 29 use of acupuncture, 29 have established some forms of laws and regulations for TCM, 18 have included acupuncture into their national health insurance systems, 30 more than 30 have colleges and universities that teach students in TCM.
【答案】21．includes 22．methods 23．titled 24．officially 25．effective 26．on 27．improvement 28．to maintain 29．the 30．and
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中医在中国已经传承了2000多年。它包括针灸、医学、太极和气功等运动以及其它治疗方法。如今，中医不仅在亚洲使用，在美国也使用。
21．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它包括针灸、中药、太极、气功、推拿、瓜沙、拔罐等。此处为谓语动词的填入，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为it，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填includes。
22．考查名词复数。句意：针灸是最早被美国医疗保健系统接受的中医方法之一。由空前be one of可知，此处为名词复数形式，表示“……的其中之一”。故填methods。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：1971年，《纽约时报》记者詹姆斯·莱斯顿在一篇名为《现在，关于我在北京的行动》的文章中首次将它引入美国。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰article，article和动词title为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填titled。
24．考查副词。句意：在1997年，针灸被美国国立卫生研究院正式接受，在2002年的一份声明中，世界卫生组织承认针灸对43种以上的常见病有效。此处修饰动词was accepted，应用副词officially，作状语。故填officially。
25．考查形容词。句意：在1997年，针灸被美国国立卫生研究院正式接受，在2002年的一份声明中，世界卫生组织承认针灸对43种以上的常见病有效。此处修饰名词treatment，应用形容词effective，作定语。故填effective。
26．考查介词。句意：中医不仅注重疾病的治疗，而且注重疾病的预防和整体健康的提高。此处为动词短语focus on“专注于”，应用介词on。故填on。
27．考查名词。句意：中医不仅注重疾病的治疗，而且注重疾病的预防和整体健康的提高。由and连接的the disease prevention为名词短语可知，此处应用名词形式，作介词on的宾语成分，improvement为抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填improvement。
28．考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，在美国，中医主要被用作人们保持健康状态的另一种选择。由空前alternative名词可知，此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语，为惯用表达an alternative to do“做……的一种选择”。故填to maintain。
29．考查冠词。句意：针灸在全球180多个国家和地区广泛实行；其中，103个国家批准了针灸的使用，29个国家建立了某种形式的中医法律法规，18个国家将针灸纳入国民医疗保险体系，30多个国家的高等院校开设了中医教学。根据空后有of短语限定，此处应用定冠词，表特指。故填the。
30．考查连词。句意：针灸在全球180多个国家和地区广泛实行；其中，103个国家批准了针灸的使用，29个国家建立了某种形式的中医法律法规，18个国家将针灸纳入国民医疗保险体系，30多个国家的高等院校开设了中医教学。根据上下句句意可知，此处前后是并列关系顺承关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
（2023·云南昆明·昆明一中校考一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A seed bank stores seeds to preserve genetic diversity; hence it is a type of gene bank. Many people may wonder 31 the seeds are stored. One of the major reasons is to preserve the genes that plant growers need to increase yield (产量), disease resistance, drought tolerance, nutritional quality, and the taste of crops. Another is to prevent 32 (lose) of genetic diversity in rare or endangered plant species in 33 effort to conserve biodiversity. Many plants 34 (grow) centuries ago by humans are used less frequently now; seed banks offer a way to preserve that historical and cultural value. Collections of seeds stored 35 constant low temperature and low water level are guarded against reduction of genetic resources which are otherwise maintained in field collections. These alternative “living” collections can 36 (damage) by natural disasters, outbreaks of disease, 37 war. Containing valuable information about evolved strategies to reduce plant stress, seed banks are considered seed 38 (library), and can help to create genetically modified (调整过的) versions of 39 (exist) seeds. The work of seed banks often span decades and even centuries. Most seed banks are 40 (public) funded and seeds are usually available for research that benefits the public.
【答案】31．why 32．loss 33．an 34．grown 35．at 36．be damaged 37．or 38．libraries 39．existing 40．publicly
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了“种子银行”。
31．考查名词性从句。句意：许多人可能想知道为什么要储存种子。“____1____ the seeds are stored”在句中作动词wonder的宾语从句，设空处在从句中作状语，根据下文“One of the major reasons is to preserve the genes that plant growers need to increase yield (产量), disease resistance, drought tolerance, nutritional quality, and the taste of crops. Another is to prevent ____2____ (lose) of genetic diversity in rare or endangered plant species in ____3____ effort to conserve biodiversity.”，可知此处应使用why引导名词性从句，表示“为什么，……的原因”。故填why。
32．考查名词。句意：另一个原因是防止稀有或濒危植物物种的遗传多样性丧失，努力保护生物多样性。设空处在句中作动词prevent的宾语，应填动词lose的名词loss。故填loss。
33．考查冠词。句意：另一个原因是防止稀有或濒危植物物种的遗传多样性丧失，努力保护生物多样性。effort“艰难的尝试，试图，尽力”为可数名词，此处表泛指，应填不定冠词；固定短语in an effort to do sth，意为“为了达到……目标，为了……”，空后effort以元音音素开头，设空处应填不定冠词an。故填an。
34．考查非谓语动词。句意：人类在几个世纪前种植的许多植物现在使用的频率较低；种子银行提供了一种保护历史和文化价值的方法。 “____4____ (grow) centuries ago by humans”作后置定语修饰名词短语Many plants，Many plants与动词grow构成逻辑上的被动关系，结合空后的“centuries ago by humans”可知设空处应填grow的过去分词表被动。故填grown。
35．考查介词。句意：在恒定的低温和低水位条件下保存的种子可以防止遗传资源的减少，而这些遗传资源是在田间收集中保存的。句中指“在恒定的低温低水位状态下保存”，“在……温度/水位”用介词at和temperature和water level进行搭配。故填at。
36．考查动词的时态语态。句意：这些可供选择的“活”藏品可能会因自然灾害、疾病爆发或战争而受损。设空处在句中与can构成谓语，主语These alternative “living” collections与动词damage之间为被动关系，由情态动词can可知设空处应填be done构成被动语态。故填be damaged。
37．考查连词。句意：这些可供选择的“活”藏品可能会因自然灾害、疾病爆发或战争而受损。句中“natural disasters, outbreaks of disease”与“war”之间为并列关系，设空处应填连词连接三种可能的情况，连词or“或者”符合句意。故填or。
38．考查可数名词复数。句意：种子“银行”包含了减少植物胁迫的进化策略的宝贵信息，被认为是种子库，可以帮助创造现有种子的转基因版本。library为可数名词，根据句中的“seed banks”可知此处应填library的复数形式。故填libraries。
39．考查形容词。句意：种子“银行”包含了减少植物胁迫的进化策略的宝贵信息，被认为是种子库，可以帮助创造现有种子的转基因版本。设空处在句中作定语修饰名词seeds，形容词existing“现存的”符合句意。故填existing。
40．考查副词。句意：大多数种子库是公共资助的，种子通常用于造福公众的研究。设空处修饰谓语动词are funded，应填public的副词publicly。故填publicly。
（2024·辽宁本溪·本溪高中校考一模）语法填空
The fresh thin air, snow-covered mountains and graceful animals running on the plains are 41 we’re here-to observe Tibetan antelopes, which are being hunted, 42 (legal), for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, who works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. “We’re not trying to save the animals,”he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save 43 (we).”
   During the 1980s and 1990s, the population of Tibetan antelopes dropped by more than 50 percent, as hunters were shooting antelopes to make 44 (profit). To save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from 45 (attack). Bridges and gates 46 ( add ) to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
As 47 result, the antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the 48 (danger) species list. The govermment, however, does not intend 49 (stop) the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
  Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature 50 we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
【答案】41．why 42．illegally 43．ourselves 44．profits 45．attacks/being attacked 46．were added 47．a 48．endangered 49．to stop 50．can/will
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章讲述了为了挽救因人类非法捕猎而导致数量急剧减少的藏铃羊，我国政府将其列为国家保护动物，并采取了相应措施，解除了藏铃羊灭绝的危险。政府的保护行为还在继续进行，以期与大自然和谐相处。
41．考查表语从句连接词。句意：清新稀薄的空气，白雪覆盖的山脉和优雅的动物在平原上奔跑，这就是我们来到这里的原因——观察藏羚羊，它们被非法猎杀，以获取宝贵的皮毛。根据谓语动词“are”可知，空处引导表语从句，在句中作状语；根据句意，应用连接副词why，表示“我们为什么来到这里”。故填why。
42．考查副词。句意：清新稀薄的空气，白雪覆盖的山脉和优雅的动物在平原上奔跑，这就是我们来到这里的原因——观察藏羚羊，它们被非法猎杀，以获取宝贵的皮毛。分析句子可知，空处应为副词，作状语修饰谓语动词“are being hunted”；根据句意，表示“非法狩猎”，故应用illegally。故填illegally。
43．考查反身代词。句意：事实上，我们是在努力拯救我们自己。分析句子可知，空处作宾语；由主语“we”和句意可知，主语和宾语指同一人或物，表示“我们自己”，故应用反身代词。故填ourselves。
44．考查名词复数。句意：在20世纪80年代和90年代，由于猎人猎杀羚羊牟利，藏羚羊的数量下降了50%以上。分析句子可知，空处应为名词，作宾语；profit名词，表示“利润”，为可数名词，前面无限定词，故应用复数形式。故填profits。
45．考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：扎西和其他志愿者日夜看守着这些羚羊，保护它们免受袭击。根据介词“from”可知，空处可用名词或动名词形式，作宾语；attack可作名词，表示“袭击”，为可数名词，故可填attacks；attack可作动词，由句意，表示“保护它们不被袭击”，故应用动名词的被动形式，故可填being attacked。故填attacks/being attacked。
46．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：为了让羚羊更容易移动，并使它们远离汽车和火车，人们增加了桥梁和大门。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据前两句的谓语动词“placed”和“watched”和本句句意可知，本句应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；主语是“Bridges and gates”，故应用被动语态，表示“桥和大门被增加了”，且谓语动词为复数。故填were added。
47．考查冠词。句意：因此，藏羚羊的数量已经恢复，并于2015年6月从濒危物种名单中删除。固定短语as a result表示“因此、结果”，符合句意，故空处应用不定冠词a。故填a。
48．考查形容词。句意：因此，藏羚羊的数量已经恢复，并于2015年6月从濒危物种名单中删除。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词“species”；endangered形容词，意为“濒危的”，符合句意。故填endangered。
49．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，政府并不打算停止保护计划，因为对藏羚羊的威胁还没有消失。根据谓语动词“intend”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；动词短语intend to do sth表示“打算做某事”，符合句意，故应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to stop。
50．考查倒装句。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才不会对野生动物和我们的星球构成威胁。当“only+状语从句”位于句首时，主句要部分倒装；根据从句中谓语动词“learn”和句意可知，主句可用一般将来时will do或can do表示将要或能够发生的动作。故填will/can。
（2023·四川·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
51 we move forward into the new era, innovation has become the 52 (driver) force behind the rapid development of China and the rest of the world. From technological advancements to business models 53 are changing the game, we’re seeing new ideas come to 54 (fruit) every day. However, this fast-paced innovation is not without its challenges. One of the biggest hurdles we face is ensuring that everyone is able to benefit from these changes.
To tackle this issue, we need to focus on two main areas: education and inclusion. By investing in education, we can ensure that everyone has the skills and knowledge necessary to compete in the new economy. This means 55 (provide) access to quality education for all, regardless of their background or socioeconomic status. We also need to focus on creating inclusive systems that promote 56 (diversify) and equal opportunity so that no one is left behind.
Beyond education and inclusion, we ought to shift our mindset towards innovation. Innovation is not just about creating the next big thing, it’s also about solving real-world problems and improving people’s lives. We need work together to create 57 culture of innovation that is grounded in a sense of social 58 (irresponsible).
The new era where we are 59 (presentation) both challenges and opportunities for innovation. We must invest in education, promote inclusion, and shift our mindset towards innovation for the 60 (bettering) of society. Only then can we ensure that the benefits of these changes are shared by all.

【答案】51．As 52．driving 53．that/which 54．fruition 55．providing 56．diversity 57．a 58．responsibility 59．presents 60．betterment
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我们所处的新时代为创新带来了挑战和机遇，我们应该关注教育和包容性，并将心态转向创新，以便于每个人都能得到这些变化带来的好处。
51．考查时间状语从句。句意：随着我们进入新时代，创新已经成为中国和世界其他地区快速发展的驱动力。结合语意可知，空处应用as，表示“随着”，引导时间状语从句，符合题意。首字母大写。故填As。
52．考查形容词。句意：随着我们进入新时代，创新已经成为中国和世界其他地区快速发展的驱动力。空处修饰名词force，应用形容词形式作定语，driving是形容词，表示“起推动作用的”，符合题意。故填driving。
53．考查定语从句。句意：从技术进步到正在改变游戏规则的商业模式，我们每天都在看到新想法的实现。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词business models，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that/which引导从句。故填that/which。
54．考查名词。句意：从技术进步到正在改变游戏规则的商业模式，我们每天都在看到新想法的实现。空处用于介词to之后，应用名词fruition作宾语，构成短语come to fruition，表示“实现”，符合题意。故填fruition。
55．考查非谓语动词。句意：这意味着为所有人提供优质教育，无论他们的背景或社会经济地位如何。mean doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“意味着做某事”，符合题意，所以空处应用动名词形式providing作宾语。故填providing。
56．考查名词。句意：我们还需要专注于创建促进多样性和平等机会的包容性体系，这样就不会有人掉队。空处与equal opportunity并列，应用名词diversity，表示“多样性”，作动词promote的宾语。故填diversity。
57．考查冠词。句意：我们需要共同努力，创造一种基于社会责任感的创新文化。结合语意可知，此处表示“一种创新文化”，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，culture是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。
58．考查名词。句意：我们需要共同努力，创造一种基于社会责任感的创新文化。空处用于形容词social之后，应用名词responsibility，表示“责任”，sense of social responsibility表示“社会责任感”。故填responsibility。
59．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们所处的新时代为创新带来了挑战和机遇。根据句中are可知，句子使用一般现在时，分析句子结构可知，where we are为限制性定语从句，空处作主句谓语，主语The new era是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式presents。故填presents。
60．考查名词。句意：我们必须投资于教育，促进包容性，并将我们的心态转向创新，以改善社会。空处用于定冠词the之后，应用名词betterment，表示“改善”，作介词of的宾语，符合题意。故填betterment。
（2022·河南开封·河南省杞县高中校联考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tang suit or Tangzhuang is often referred to 61 type of Chinese jackets. The term “Tang suit” (Tangzhuang) 62 (create) because of overseas Chinese people and it has been widely used since then.
As the richest and 63 (powerful) dynasty in the history of China’s feudal (封建的) society, the Tang Empire (618~907) is 64 famous in the world that foreigners call overseas Chinese people “the Tang people”, the places 65 they live “Chinatowns” (literally meaning Tang People Streets) and the clothes they wear “Tang suit”.
A Tang suit has two varieties in Chinese culture, which 66 (be) strikingly different from each other in style. One refers to the authentic Tang-era clothes evolving from Hanfu, and it features a button-less yi overlapping the right border to the left and is tied with a sash (腰带) and an ankle-length shang, giving a free, easy and elegant 67 (impress). The other refers to the Manchu male’s jacket evolving from Magua of the Qing Dynasty (1644~1911), which is made by 68 (absorb) a Western-style suit cutting method, featuring a Mandarin collar, a frog and a duijin (a kind of Chinese-style jacket with buttons down the front).
69 (actual), the Tang suits we see today have evolved from Magua rather than Hanfu. A typical design of a Tang suit has Chinese characters on it, such as Fu (literally meaning happiness in Chinese) and Shou (literally meaning longevity in Chinese), which are often employed 70 (express) good fortune and best wishes.
【答案】61．a 62．was created 63．most powerful 64．so 65．where 66．are 67．impression 68．absorbing 69．Actually 70．to express
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了关于唐装的相关信息，介绍了唐装的起源，在古代的象征意义以及现代对于唐装的使用和象征含义等。
【详解】1. 考查冠词。句意：唐装通常是指一种中式上衣。a type of意为“一种”，用于泛指，为固定用法。故填a。

2. 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：“唐装”一词是由海外华人创造的，从那时起就被广泛使用。分析句子可知，主语The term “Tang suit” (Tangzhuang)和谓语动词create之间是被动关系，主语是单数，并且唐装是在古代创造的，因此一般过去时的被动语态，因此be动词用was。故填was created。
3.  考查形容词的最高级。句意：作为中国封建社会历史上最富有、最强大的王朝，唐朝（618-907）在世界上是如此的著名，以至于外国人称海外华人为“唐人”，他们居住的地方为“唐人街”（字面意思是唐人的街），他们穿的衣服为“唐装”。根据并列的形容词最高级richest及空前的the可知，此处用所给形容词的最高级作定语，修饰dynasty。故填most powerful。
4.  考查副词。句意同上。此处考查“so ... that...”结构, 意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，so修饰形容词famous作状语，故填so。
5. 考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是the places，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故此处用关系副词where。故填where。
6. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：唐装在中国文化中有两种，风格截然不同。该空为非限制性定语从句谓语部分，此处是一般性陈述，故此处用一般现在时，又因为从句主语which指代先行词two varieties，故此处用are。故填are。
7.考查名词。句意：一种是由汉服演变而来的正宗唐朝服装，它的特点是无扣的衣在右边缘重叠到左边缘，并用腰带和及踝的腰带系在一起，给人一种自由、轻松和优雅的印象。根据空前的修饰词“a free, easy and elegant”可知，此处用所给动词的名词形式，且为单数，作宾语。故填impression。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一种是指清朝（1644-1911）马褂演变而来的满族男性上衣，吸收西式西装剪裁方法制成，以马褂领、蛙形或者对襟（一种胸前有纽扣的中国式上衣）为特色。主动含义，此处用所给动词的动名词一般式作介词by的宾语。故填absoring。
9. 考查副词。句意：实际上，我们今天看到的唐装是从马褂演变而来的，而不是汉服。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰整个句子，作状语，首字母大写。故填Actually。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：典型的唐装图案上有汉字，比如福（中文字面意思是幸福）和寿（中文字面意思是长寿），通常用来表达好运和最美好的祝愿。此处用所给动词的不定式作目的状语。故填to express。
（2021·陕西汉中·统考模拟预测）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Mid-Autumn Festival, 71 is an important traditional festival in China, usually falls in September or October. It is on the 15th day of the 72 (eight) month of the Chinese lunar calendar.
Festival Celebration between New Zealand and China 73 (hold) with high quality performances at the New Zealand National Museum last Sunday night. Artists from southwestern China’s Chongqing 74 (present) the Wellington audience with Sichuan Opera Performance. The performances perfectly showed the charm of Chinese culture and art 75 the audience.
Guo Zongguang, who is the 76 (direct) of the China Cultural Center in New Zealand, stressed that this show was one of 77 most important events in this year’s culture exchanges between China and New Zealand.
Brett Hudson, a member of Parliament, acknowledged that China, now New Zealand’s largest trading partner, provided New Zealanders with thousands and thousands of 78 (job). Our relationship with China is 79 (extreme) important. Our two-way trade now tops 28 billion New Zealand dollars in 2018, 80 (help)New Zealanders improve life styles for families. And it is strengthening even further through cultural exchange and better understanding of one another.
【答案】71．which 72．eighth 73．was held 74．presented 75．to 76．director 77．the 78．jobs 79．extremely 80．helping
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在新西兰国家博物馆举行了中秋节节日庆祝活动以及介绍了两国之间的友谊。
71．考查定语从句。句意：中秋节是中国一个重要的传统节日，通常在九月或十月。分析句子结构可知，空格处为定语从句的连接词，先行词为“The Mid-Autumn Festival”；连接词在从句中作主语，且为非限制性定语从句。故填which。
72．考查序数词。句意：它是在中国农历八月十五日。此处指的是“中秋节在中国农历第八个月”，因此需要用序数词。故填eighth。
73．考查被动语态。句意：上周日晚，新西兰和中国在新西兰国家博物馆举行了高质量的节日庆祝活动。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入谓语动词；“庆祝活动”是被举行，因此使用被动语态，句子的时间状语为“last Sunday night”；因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was held。
74．考查动词的时态。句意：来自中国西南部重庆的艺术家们为惠灵顿的观众带来了川剧表演。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词，时间发生在过去，所以使用一般过去时。故填presented。
75．考查介词。句意：表演完美地向观众展示了中国文化艺术的魅力。show sth. to sb.表示“向某人展示某物”，此处表示“向观众展示了中国文化艺术的魅力”。故填to。
76．考查名词。句意：新西兰中国文化中心主任郭宗光强调，这场演出是今年中新文化交流中最重要的活动之一。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入名词，direct的名词为director，意为导演，管理者。故填director。
77．考查冠词。句意：。句意：新西兰中国文化中心主任郭宗光强调，这场演出是今年中新文化交流中最重要的活动之一。one of the+adj.最高级表示“最……之一”。故填the。
78．考查名词。句意：国会议员布雷特·哈德森承认，中国现在是新西兰最大的贸易伙伴，为新西兰人提供了成千上万的就业机会。job为可数名词，此处位于thousands of 后面，因此需要用复数形式。故填jobs。
79．考查副词。句意：我们与中国的关系极其重要。分析句子结构可知，此处位于形容词之前，修饰形容词，因此需要用副词形式。extreme的副词为extremely。故填extremely。
80．考查非谓语动词。句意：2018年，中新双边贸易额突破280亿新西兰元，帮助新西兰人民改善家庭生活方式。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入非谓语动词；此处表示“中新双边贸易额突破280亿新西兰元”，结果是“帮助新西兰人民改善家庭生活方式”。因此用现在分词作结果状语。故填helping。
（2024·云南·云南省下关第一中学校联考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Demand on tourism burst as the Minsu market’s recovery sped up during the May Day holiday. Oceans of tourists flooded into Zibo in China’s Shandong Province for its BBQ, 81 drove its Minsu market to boom. According to the online booking site Tujia, Minsu’s average room price remained lower than the national average level, but 82 (it) booking number increased three times in Shandong Province during the May Day vacation.
83 (base) on Tujia statistics, other cities in Shandong Province also showed remarkable performances on Minsu bookings. Qingdao and Weihai were among China’s Top ten tourism destinations. 84 former even surpassed (超过) Chengdu and Chongqing for the first time to lake the number one spot. 85 (additional), the booking numbers in Yantai, Jinan, Rizhao and Tai’an of Shandong Province also 86 (see) a good performance.
The Minsu in rural areas still gain 87 (popular), with the booking number 88 (account) for nearly 40% of the total, according to Tujia.
Among customers booking the Minsu in rural areas, the “post-80” and “post-90” generations are still the mainstream. The 89 (hot) types of accommodations are lofts, inns, and single-family villas. Besides, fruit and vegetable picking, DIY activities, and food-tasting events are the top choices 90 holiday activities.

【答案】81．which 82．its 83．Based 84．The 85．Additionally 86．saw 87．popularity 88．accounting 89．hottest 90．for
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。五一假期期间，随着闽南市场复苏加快，旅游需求激增。文章主要介绍了今年五一期间民宿的经营情况及民宿的发展前景。
81．考查定语从句。句意：大批游客涌入中国山东省淄博市烧烤，带动了闽南市场的繁荣。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故用which指代前面整句的信息，故填which。
82．考查代词。句意：根据在线预订网站途家的数据，民宿的平均房价仍低于全国平均水平，但在五一假期期间，民宿在山东省的预订数量增加了三倍。修饰名词number应用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
83．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据途家的统计，山东省其他城市在民宿预订方面也表现出色。短语be based on…表示“根据……”，此处省略be动词，过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Based。
84．考查冠词。句意：前者甚至首次超过成都和重庆，成为第一名。此处the former“前者”为固定结构，首字母大写。故填The。
85．考查副词。句意：此外，山东烟台、济南、日照和泰安的预订数量也有不错的表现。修饰后文句子应用副词additionally，首字母大写。故填Additionally。
86．考查谓语动词。句意：此外，山东烟台、济南、日照和泰安的预订数量也有不错的表现。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填saw。
87．考查名词。句意：据途家称，农村地区的民宿仍然很受欢迎，预订数量占总数的近40%。gain后面为其宾语，需要一个名词popularity，故填popularity,
88．考查非谓语动词。句意：据途家称，农村地区的民宿仍然很受欢迎，预订数量占总数的近40%。with的复合结构，number和account的关系为主动，故用现在分词作宾补。故填accounting。
89．考查形容词最高级。句意：最热门的住宿类型是阁楼、旅馆和单户别墅。根据定冠词The以及句意“最热门的”可知应用最高级，故填hottest。
90．考查介词。句意：此外，采摘水果蔬菜、DIY活动和品尝美食活动是假日活动的首选。for表示所属关系或用途，意为“适合、适于”——“摘果子、手工DIY、试吃这些活动是适于假日活动的最佳选择”，故填for。