2022-2023学年浙江省余姚中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年浙江省余姚中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题含答案，共9页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。


余姚中学2022学年第二学期期中考试高二英语试卷
第一部分: 听力 (共两节，满分 30分)
第一节: (共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want to do?
A. Reserve a cheap hotel.
B. Go to Mexico on business.
C. Relax and enjoy himself.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I need a vacation. I haven’t had a day off in eight months. It’s about time I did something fun.
W: I agree. You’ve been working hard lately. Why don’t we go to Mexico? I can get us a good deal on a hotel.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman get?
A Carpet cleaner. B. A paper towel. C. A glass of wine.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I just spilled red wine on the carpet. Do you have any carpet cleaner?
M: No, I just ran out. Get a paper towel and try to get the stain out with water and some salt. Hurry!
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the woman?
A. She’s a teacher. B. She’s a student. C. She’s an assistant.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Mark, please be quiet. We’re in the middle of a test. If you need something, our teaching assistant Brittany is here to help you.
M: Sorry, Mrs. Smith. Susie asked to borrow a pen, and I was just telling her I don’t have an extra one.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers headed?
A. To a swimming pool.
B. To the beach.
C. To a restaurant.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: If you grab the towels, I’ll get the sunglasses.
W: Okay. Do you have everything else you need? A bathing suit? Your surfboard?
M: Yes, everything’s in the car already. I also packed some sandwiches in case we’re hungry later.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is the museum of great significance?
A. It’s a museum for old art.
B. It will be built on a small island.
C. It’s the first of its kind in Indonesia.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Indonesia is opening its first international modern art museum in 2017. It’s going to be called the Museum MACAN, which is short for Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art in Nusantara.
W: What does the word “nusantara” mean?
M: It’s an Indonesian term for a group of islands.
第二节: (共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、 B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. How much does an entrance ticket cost?
A. Two dollars. B. Five dollars. C. Seven dollars.
7. How does the woman pay?
A. In cash. B. By cheque. C. By credit card.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’d like a ticket to the fair, please.
M: OK. This is an entrance ticket only. If you’d like to go to the petting zoo or the horse ride, there will be an extra fee.
W: How much do those cost?
M: The petting zoo is $2, and the horse ride is $3.
W: I’ll buy a ticket to the petting zoo as well, please.
M: Your total comes to $7.
W: Do you take credit cards?
M: No, we take cash only.
W: Okay, here you go.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. Where did the tomato sauce come from?
A. A local farm.
B. A store only five miles away.
C. The man’s own yard.
9 What does the woman think of cooking?
A. She enjoys it.
B. It makes her feel creative.
C. She doesn’t have the patience for it.
【答案】8. C 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I made us a pizza for tonight’s dinner. I baked apple pie, made the tomato sauce from our tomatoes in the backyard, and I bought the cheese from a local farm about five miles away.
W: Yum! I can’t wait to eat it. You’ve been cooking a lot lately. Why the change?
M: I’ve gotten really into watching cooking shows. I’ve been interested in cooking for a long time, but I just decided to give it a try recently.
W: I’m an okay cook, but I don’t enjoy it very much. It takes a lot of patience, which I don’t have.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Husband and wife. C. Neighbors.
11. Where did the man go to college?
A. In Washington. B. In Texas. C. In Nebraska.
12. What is the woman’s job?
A. She is an artist.
B. She is a banker.
C. She is a computer programmer.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello. My name is Christina. I’m just stopping by to bring you some cookies and to introduce myself.
M: Hi Christina. I’m Bryce. It’s very nice to meet you. Please come in.
W: Sure.
M: Thank you for the cookies. Would you like something to drink?
W: Water is fine. Thank you.
M: Here you go. Take a seat. So, where were you living before?
W: My husband and I were living in Nebraska, but he got a job out here, so that’s why we moved. I’ve never been to the West Coast before. I love Washington so far.
M: I’ve been in Washington for ten years now. I was born in Texas and came out here for college. I’ve stayed ever since.
W: What do you do for work?
M: I’m a computer programmer. It’s a good job, but my real passion in life is making furniture.
W: That’s interesting. I do a lot of painting in my spare time, although I’m a banker during the day.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. What did Fitbit say about the recent study?
A. It was false.
B. It hurt their business.
C. They made no comment.
14. When does the man use his Fitbit?
A. Only when he’s exercising.
B. During the daytime.
C. All the time.
15. What does the man think of his Fitbit?
A. It’s of little use.
B. It’s of good value.
C. It’s sometimes uncomfortable to wear.
16. How does the woman sound?
A. Interested. B. Bored. C. Upset.
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: What are you wearing?
M: A Fitbit. It’s a watch that helps me keep track of my health.
W: How accurate do you think it actually is?
M: I’m not sure. I read a study recently that said the Fitbit’s heart rate monitor doesn’t do a great job at measuring your heartbeat during physical activity. It gives a higher reading than it should.
W: Oh, I thought it would have been the other way around.
M: Me too. Of course, Fitbit was very upset by the study and said it wasn’t true.
W: Well, a study like that will probably really hurt its business.
M: Well, their products are very popular, so people will still most likely buy them.
W: Do you wear your Fitbit often, or just when you’re exercising?
M: I wear it all day, every day. I even wear it when I’m sleeping.
W: Wow, that’s impressive. Isn’t it uncomfortable?
M: No, not at all.
W: Maybe I should get one.
M: You should. I really like mine. There are many different kinds you can choose from. They’re expensive, but I think they’re worth the money.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. A search engine.
B. A language program.
C. An online dictionary.
18. How many people use Duolingo currently?
A. Over one hundred million.
B. A few hundred thousand.
C. Several thousand.
19. Where is Luis von Ahn from?
A. Switzerland. B. Guatemala. C. Costa Rica.
20. How was Duolingo originally funded?
A. By big websites. B. By an actor. C. By school.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Duolingo is a free language-learning website and app. It offers ad-free courses for those who want to learn a new language. As of 2016, Duolingo has fifty-nine different language courses for twenty-three languages. Over 120 million people are registered with the program. Duolingo was created in 2011 by Professor Luis von Ahn and his graduate student Severin Hacker, who was born in Switzerland. Prof. Luis von Ahn was born in Guatemala, and he was upset by how expensive it was for people in his town to learn English. He wanted to create a program that offered free education to anyone in the world. Because most of the services are available free of charge, Duolingo originally used a special business model to make money. Members of the public were able to translate content and vote on correct translations. The content came from large websites such as BuzzFeed and CNN.com, which paid Duolingo to translate their webpages. Many private investors have given money to the company, including actor Ashton Kutcher’s firm. Duolingo has also been used in public schools in Costa Rica and Guatemala.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节:（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
STEM Summer Programs for High School Students
STEM is a term that stands for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Here is a list of some of the best STEM summer camps for high school students.
Future Matters Program
It is an 8-week paid summer research experience for high school students. This is a hands-on program for students interested in going after a career in medical research. Students will attend seminars led by faculty and participate in discussions with peers.
Simons Summer Research
It is a seven-week program located at Stony Brook University. Students will have the opportunity to participate in special workshops, tours and events free of charge. They will conclude the program b producing a written research abstract and research poster.
Research Science Institute
It is the first cost-free summer program of its kind. During this six-week program, students will dive deeper into the world of science and engineering by experiencing the entire research cycle. In this program students attend classes conducted by famous professors and prepare written and oral presentations to present their research.
Program in Math for Young Scientists
This program is a six-week intensive mathematics program designed for students across the globe. Unlike common programs, it offers a great deal of independence for students to choose their own schedules and decide what they want to study. Besides learning, there is also “mandatory(强制的) fun time” built into the weekly schedule so that students are able to have non-math related activities.
21. Which program best suits students who want to be doctors?
A. Future Matters Program. B. Simons Summer Research.
C. Research Science Institute. D. Program in Math for Young Scientists.
22. What do Simons Summer Research and Research Science Institute have in common?
A. Expense. B. Theme. C. Duration. D. Content.
23. What’s special in Program in Math for Young Scientists?
A. Cultivating independent skills. B. Attending non-math activities.
C. Tailoring personal schedules. D. Enrolling international students.
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一些适合高中生的STEM夏令营。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Future Matters Program部分中“This is a hands-on program for students interested in going after a career in medical research.(这是一个为有兴趣从事医学研究的学生提供的实践性课程)”可知，该项目适合想要成为医生的学生。故选A。
【22题详解】
理解理解题。根据Simons Summer Research部分中“Students will have the opportunity to participate in special workshops, tours and events free of charge.(学生将有机会免费参加特别的研讨会、参观和活动)”和Research Science Institute部分中“It is the first cost-free summer program of its kind.(这是首个此类免费暑期课程)”可知，这两个项目的共同点是都免费。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Program in Math for Young Scientists部分中“Unlike common programs, it offers a great deal of independence for students to choose their own schedules and decide what they want to study.(与普通课程不同的是，它为学生提供了很大的独立性，可以选择自己的时间表并决定他们想学什么)”可知，该项目的特殊之处在于它允许定制个人的时间表。故选C。
B
Severe plantar fasciitis (足底筋膜炎) meant I’d been a full-time wheelchair user since I was 12. By the time I was 16, I just wanted my leg off. It took six years for the doctors to operate as they insisted on waiting until I was older and in a good enough place mentally. I held off until I finished my degree. Afterward, with an artificial leg fitted, the world felt like a different place. I’d not walked in years. Suddenly I was a lot taller and no longer in any pain.
When I was in a wheelchair I discovered a real love for sport. I started to compete in wheelchair racing, and soon found I was good at discus (铁饼) throwing. I started competing in Tough Mudder (an endurance event series), progressing from walking with crutches to blade (小腿假肢) running. I now compete in sports internationally and have won the silver medal for adaptive judo at the World Judo Games.
At the time of the surgery I worked as an accountant, but I soon realized I didn’t want to be sitting in an office all day as I’d been in a wheelchair for so long. Therefore, as soon as the revision surgery was complete, I handed in my notice.
My career took a different path after I was asked to be a guest presenter for the Duke of Edinburgh’s Awards. Now I speak to schools, colleges and organizations about a wide range of subjects such as disability, discrimination, disability in sport, and perseverance. I share my own personal stories, whether that’s how I lost my leg and what I learned from it, my perseverance, and how I followed my dream.
Now most of my income comes from working as a motivational speaker, which I’ve been doing full time for a year. I love what I do, and if I continue to inspire others to do what they want to in life, then I’m happy.
24. How did the author probably feel after his leg was cut off?
A. Anxious. B. Relieved. C. Hopeless. D. Annoyed.
25. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The author’s passion for sports.
B. Awards the author won playing sports.
C. What sports the author is good at.
D. How the author prepared for Tough Mudder.
26. What do the underlined words “handed in my notice” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Quit the job.
B. Asked for leave.
C. Got promoted.
D. Spread the news to others.
27. What’s the main reason for him to be a motivational speaker?
A. It was his dream during childhood.
B. He enjoys the fame it brings him.
C. It brings him money and a sense of fulfillment.
D. He wants more people to care about the disabled.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者由于足底筋膜炎，长期坐轮椅。在手术后，作者凭借自己的努力在国际比赛中取得好成绩，并且进行励志演讲。他坚持做自己热爱的事情，并且激励他人做想做的事情。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的Afterward, with an artificial leg fitted, the world felt like a different place. I’d not walked in years. Suddenly I was a lot taller and no longer in any pain.（用一条人造腿后，我的整个世界感觉就像一个不同的地方。我好几年没走了。突然我高了很多，不再痛苦。）从不再痛苦可以看出，作者把他的腿切除后，感觉到放松。故选B。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据When I was in a wheelchair I discovered a real love for sport. I started to compete in wheelchair racing, and soon found I was good at discus (铁饼) throwing. I started competing in Tough Mudder (an endurance event series), progressing from walking with crutches to blade (小腿假肢) running. I now compete in sports internationally and have won the silver medal for adaptive judo at the World Judo Games.可知，当我坐在轮椅上时，我发现了对运动的热爱。我开始参加轮椅赛车比赛，不久后发现自己擅长铁饼投掷。我开始参加Tough Mudder（一项耐力赛系列）比赛，从拐杖走路到小腿假肢跑步。我现在参加国际体育比赛，并在世界柔道比赛中获得了适应性柔道的银牌。从I discovered a real love for sport.可以看出，第二段主要在表达作者对运动的热情。故选A。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段的At the time of the surgery I worked as an accountant, but I soon realized I didn’t want to be sitting in an office all day as I’d been in a wheelchair for so long.可知，手术时，我是一名会计，但是不久之后，我意识到我不想整天坐在办公室里，因为我坐在轮椅上已经很久了。所以作者在完成手术时，立刻辞去他的工作符合题意。“handed in my notice” 意思是辞职。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Now most of my income comes from working as a motivational speaker, which I’ve been doing full time for a year. I love what I do, and if I continue to inspire others to do what they want to in life, then I’m happy.可知，现在，我的大部分收入来自担任励志演讲者，而我已经全职工作了一年。我热爱自己所做的事情，如果我继续激励他人去做自己生活中想要做的事情，那么我会很高兴。由此可以推出，作者通过励志演讲可以获得金钱，并且可以在激励别人做想做的事情中得到满足，获得成就感，这正是他成为一位励志演说家的主要原因。故选C。
C
The Blue Planet Ⅱ's latest episode focuses on how the plastic is having a destructive effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastics in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowned in plastics.
Though it seems that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics plastics are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s, the same decade when plastic packaging began gaining popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.
We put all these plastics into the environment, but we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. The ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastics in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.
And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see the ocean plastic as a disaster, worth being mentioned in the same breath as climate change. But the ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean trash deniers(否认者), at least so far. To do something about it, we don't have to remake our planet energy system.
This is not a problem where we don't know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use plastic products. Things may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag, but when taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference.
28. Why is plastic pollution research still a very early science?
A. The plastics pollution research is too difficult.
B. Plastics have produced less pollution than coal.
C. The world couldn't possibly function without plastics.
D. Plastics have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up with.
29. How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3?
A. By citing quotes from leading experts.
B. By making a comparison and contrast.
C. By presenting solid statistics.
D. By listing examples from his own experience.
30. What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A. We reap（收获） what we sow.
B. The shortest answer is doing.
C. All things are difficult before they are easy.
D. Actions speak louder than words.
31. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The oceans become choked with plastics.
B. The ocean plastic is a global issue.
C. The Blue Planet Ⅱ Has left viewers heartbroken.
D. Plastics gain popularity all over the world.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了塑料对海洋的污染，并呼吁我们行动起来，从最简单的事情做起保护环境。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.”（这种增长如此之快，以至于科学仍然在追赶变化。例如，塑料污染研究仍然是一门非常早期的科学。）可知，塑料普及得太快了，科学跟不上其发展的步伐，故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastics in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.”（包括濒危物种在内的近700个物种已知受到了影响。三分之一的棱皮龟，经常把塑料袋错当成水母，在它们的腹部发现了塑料。现在90%的海鸟都在定期食用塑料。到2050年，这一数字预计将上升到100%。）可知，本段主要使用可靠的数字来表达作者观点，故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Things may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag, but when taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference.”（事情可能看起来很平常，比如使用可重复使用的瓶子或袋子，但当大家一起做时，这些选择真的会带来不同。）可知，最简短的回答就是行动，故选B。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段中“Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastics in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowned in plastics.”（研究人员最近还发现，生活在地球最深处马里亚纳海沟的海洋生物的胃里有塑料。事实上，海洋中充斥着塑料。）可知，本文的主旨为海洋被塑料堵塞，故选A。
D
Pupils (瞳孔) respond to more than just light. They can indicate one’s interest or mental exhaustion. Pupil dilation (扩大) is even used by the police to detect lies. Now work conducted in our laboratory suggests that the pupil size is closely related to individual differences in intelligence. The larger the pupils are, the higher the intelligence is, as measured by the tests of reasoning, attention and memory.
We first uncovered this surprising relationship while studying differences in the amount of mental effort people used to complete memory tasks. We used pupil dilation as an indicator of effort, a technique psychologist Dani Kahneman popularized in the 1960s and 1970s. When we discovered a relationship between the pupil size and intelligence, we weren’t sure if it was real or what it meant.
Curiously, we conducted several large-scale studies in which we recruited more than 500 people aged 18 to 55 from the Atlanta community. We measured the participants’ pupils at rest while they stared at a blank computer screen for up to four minutes with an eye tracker. All the while, the eye tracker was recording. Using the tracker, we then calculated each participant’s pupil size.
To be clear, the pupil size refers to the diameter (直径) of the black circular aperture in the center of the eye. The pupil is surrounded by the colorful area known as the iris (虹膜), which is responsible for controlling the size of the pupil. Pupils become tighter and smaller in response to bright light, so we kept the laboratory dim (昏暗的) for all participants.
In the next part of the experiment, the participants completed a series of tests designed to measure “fluid intelligence”, the capacity to reason through new problems, “working memory capacity”, the ability to remember information over a period of time, and “attention control”, the ability to focus attention amid distractions and interference.
We found that a larger pupil size was correlated with greater fluid intelligence, attention control and, to a lesser degree, working memory capacity—indicating a fascinating relationship between the brain and the eyes. Interestingly, the pupil size was negatively correlated with age: older participants tended to have smaller pupils. Once standardized for age, however, the relationship between the pupil size and intelligence remained.
32. Which of the following statements might Daniel Kahneman support?
A. Those with big eyes have good memory.
B. Pupil dilation can cause mental exhaustion.
C. The pupil size is related to one’s intelligence.
D. Pupil dilation can reflect one’s mental effort.
33. Why did the researchers conduct the large-scale studies?
A. To complete their memory tasks.
B. To study the function of the pupil.
C. To test whether their discovery is true.
D. To find a way to record the pupil size.
34. The laboratory was kept dim so that the participants could________.
A. wholly focus on the tests
B. better respond to bright light
C. control the size of their pupils
D. keep their eyes open comfortably
35. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Can you “see” the good from the bad?
B. The eyes do communicate various emotions.
C. The eyes may be the window to the brain as well.
D. Why does the pupil size correlate with intelligence?
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瞳孔大小与个体智力差异密切相关。从推理、注意力和记忆力测试的结果来看，瞳孔越大，智力越高。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。第六段提到“We found that a larger pupil size was correlated with greater fluid intelligence, attention control and, to a lesser degree, working memory capacity—indicating a fascinating relationship between the brain and the eyes. ”（我们发现，瞳孔越大，流体智力越强，注意力控制能力越强，工作记忆能力也越强（在较小程度上）——这表明大脑和眼睛之间存在着一种奇妙的关系。）由此判断，Daniel Kahneman 可能会支持“Pupil dilation can reflect one’s mental effort.”（瞳孔扩张可以反映一个人的脑力劳动。）这一说法。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。第二段最后一句提到“When we discovered a relationship between the pupil size and intelligence, we weren’t sure if it was real or what it meant.”（当我们发现瞳孔大小和智力之间的关系时，我们不确定这是真的还是意味着什么。）和第三段提到“Curiously, we conducted several large-scale studies in which we recruited more than 500 people aged 18 to 55 from the Atlanta community. ”（出于好奇，我们进行了几次大规模的研究，我们从亚特兰大社区招募了500多名年龄在18到55岁之间的人。）由此判断，进行大规模实验研究的原因就是为了检测瞳孔大小和智力之间的关系是否成立。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。第四段最后一句提到“Pupils become tighter and smaller in response to bright light, so we kept the laboratory dim (昏暗的) for all participants.”（在明亮的光线下，瞳孔会变得更紧、更小，所以我们为所有参与者保持了昏暗的实验室。）如果光线太强烈的话，瞳孔的尺寸就会变得更大，可能会影响研究的结果。因此在昏暗的环境中进行实验时，研究对象的眼睛可以舒服地睁开，同时也不会因为光线影响瞳孔的尺寸。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段提到“Now work conducted in our laboratory suggests that the pupil size is closely related to individual differences in intelligence. The larger the pupils are, the higher the intelligence is, as measured by the tests of reasoning, attention and memory.”（现在，我们实验室的研究表明，瞳孔大小与个体智力差异密切相关。从推理、注意力和记忆力测试的结果来看，瞳孔越大，智力越高。）后文中介绍了针对瞳孔大小和智商之间关系的实验，最后一段提到“We found that a larger pupil size was correlated with greater fluid intelligence, attention control and, to a lesser degree, working memory capacity—indicating a fascinating relationship between the brain and the eyes.”（我们发现，瞳孔越大，流体智力越强，注意力控制能力越强，工作记忆能力也越强(在较小程度上)——这表明大脑和眼睛之间存在着一种奇妙的关系。）由此判断，瞳孔的大小也能反应智商情况。C项“The eyes may be the window to the brain as well.”（眼睛可能也是大脑的窗户）适合做文章标题，故选C。
第二节:（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever had the pleasure of popping the small air-filled bubbles that make up a sheet of bubble wrap? ____36____ Have you ever wondered why popping them is so much fun?
It turns out that there is some science behind the human connection to bubble wrap. Some experts believe it’s similar to the need to fidget (动来动去). ____37____ These small actions are all types of fidgeting.
While some people think fidgeting is distracting, it’s actually been shown to increase attention span. ____38____ Similarly, a study revealed that people report feeling more alert after popping bubble wrap. The results also showed that people who popped bubble wrap were calmer afterward than those who did not. So, popping bubble wrap may increase people’s ability to pay attention and remember what they learn.
____39____ In other words, your brain is wired to enjoy it! Early humans had to be on their toes all the time. They needed to be ready to run from wild animals at a moment’s notice. Today, people spend a lot of time sitting, especially at school and at work. As a result, the body may build a lot of muscle tension from lack of movement. Popping bubble wrap helps relax that muscle tension. It reduces stress and anxiety.
In fact, studies have shown that, sometimes, the human brain receives feel-good chemicals like dopamine (多巴胺) after popping bubble wrap. ____40____
A. So that may be why it feels so satisfying!
B. It also helps with the memory of information.
C. Your brain will benefit a lot from the air-filled bubbles.
D. If so, you know there’s something highly satisfying about it.
E Have you ever seen someone else blowing the small bubbles?
F. Do you click a pen or bounce your leg while you’re listening?
G. Experts also say the enjoyment may be tied to human evolution.
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. B 39. G 40. A
【解析】
【分析】本文属于说明文。很多人都有过把气泡纸上充满空气的小气泡弄破的乐趣，文章介绍了产生这个乐趣的原因。
【36题详解】
根据上文的问题“Have you ever had the pleasure of popping the small air-filled bubbles that make up a sheet of bubble wrap?(你曾经有过把气泡纸上充满空气的小气泡弄破的乐趣吗？)”可知，开头使用问句是为了引出下文，选项D“如果是这样的话，你就知道它有一些非常令人满意的地方。”中的if so是对该问题的回答，同时衔接了下文“Have you ever wondered why popping them is so much fun?(你有没有想过为什么捏它们这么有趣？)”故选D。
【37题详解】
根据下文“These small actions are all types of fidgeting.(这些小动作都是坐立不安的表现)”可知，选项F“当你在听的时候，你会按笔或跳腿吗？”中的按笔或跳腿就是these指代的动作，承接了上文的“动来动去”。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据上文“While some people think fidgeting is distracting, it’s actually been shown to increase attention span.(虽然有些人认为坐立不安会分散注意力，但事实证明它能延长注意力持续时间)”可知，动来动去能延长注意力持续时间。结合下文“So, popping bubble wrap may increase people’s ability to pay attention and remember what they learn.(所以，捏爆气泡纸可以提高人们的注意力和记忆能力)”可知，捏气泡是对记忆有帮助的，因此选项B“它还有助于记忆信息。”衔接上下文，尤其是顺承了空后的similarly。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据空后的“In other words, your brain is wired to enjoy it! Early humans had to be on their toes all the time.(换句话说，你的大脑正在兴奋地享受它！早期的人类必须时刻保持警觉)”及本段的内容可知，本段主要是关于人类大脑的进化，对古代与现代人类进行了比较。因此，选项G“专家还表示，这种享受可能与人类的进化有关。”是本段的中心句。故选G。
【40题详解】
根据空前的“In fact, studies have shown that, sometimes, the human brain receives feel-good chemicals like dopamine (多巴胺) after popping bubble wrap.(事实上，研究表明，有时，人类的大脑会在捏爆泡泡纸后接收到多巴胺等让人感觉良好的化学物质)”可知，上文主要解释了捏气泡为何让人满足的原因是它会产生让人良好的化学物质。因此，选项A“这也许就是为什么它让人如此满足的原因！”总结了上文内容。故选A。
第三部分: 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。
In our living room, we have a bookshelf. We call it the “___41___ treasury” because any of our guests can take any book from it and ___42___ any book to it. Our home often hosts events with hundreds of different people passing through it. But no one ___43___ where the books come or go; it’s all based on trust.
These books are typically of the ___44___ types--from Jack Canfield’s Chicken Soup For the Soul, self-help books like Power of Now, to Romain Rolland’s The Biography of Celebrity. You can’ really be ___45___ what you’ll find on a particular day.
The other day, I ___46___ a red book. It stood out because it had special little white hearts on it and no title. I checked out Page one. It ___47___ a hand-written inscription (题词) in black ink:
To: DJ Burrowes
From: Grandma and Grandpa Burrowes
I quickly opened up a ___48___ page in the book. I spotted a quote, with a crossed out word written in the seemingly ___49___ handwriting of elderly Grandma or Grandpa Burrowes. Then I couldn’t wait to explore the inside. ___50___, every page had a hand-written quote by DJ’s grandparents. It was a(n) ___51___ of Grandparents’ quotes going back over many years! They had given it to their grandson and now, DJ had given it to us. It was this gift that ___52___ all of us!
A couple of weeks back, DJ decided to leave America to go on an open-ended trip to China. Before leaving, he came for an ___53___ at our place, putting this book on the shelf without letting us know. He offered his silent ___54___ in this way for what he benefited from our sharing. We stood in ___55___ of the Burrowes for what they left us.
41. A. shared B. secret C. virtual D. personal
42. A. lend B. submit C. deliver D. contribute
43. A. suspects B. tracks C. ensures D. assesses
44. A. inspiring B. professional C. amusing D. creative
45. A. warned B. convinced C. guaranteed D. justified
46. A. referred to B. chanced on C. put away D. subscribed to
47. A. wrote B. printed C. read D. explained
48. A. fancy B. specific C. random D. familiar
49. A. shaky B. awful C. innocent D. childish
50. A. Unexpectedly B. Hopefully C. Shockingly D. Thankfully
51. A. tradition B. exhibition C. presentation D. collection
52. A. comforted B. relieved C. connected D. attracted
53. A. invitation B. event C. honor D. adventure
54. A. admiration B. wishes C. commitment D. gratitude
55. A. defence B. recognition C. honor D. awe
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. C 49. A 50. A 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了作者家里有一个“共享图书”活动，作者无意中发现一本老年人手抄的名言集的感人故事。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们称之为“共享（图书）财宝”，因为我们的任何客人都可以从中拿走任何一本书，并将任何一本捐赠给它。A. shared分享的，共有的；B. secret秘密的；C. virtual虚拟的，模拟的；D. personal个人的。根据后文“any of our guests can take any book from it”（我们的任何一个客人都可以从中拿走一本书）可知，此处指“共享（图书）财宝”。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们称之为“共享（图书）财富”，因为我们的任何客人都可以从中拿走任何一本书，并将任何一本捐赠给它。A. lend借出；B. submit提交；C. deliver运输；D. contribute贡献，捐献。根据语境和前文“any of our guests can take any book from it”（我们的任何一个客人都可以从中拿走一本书）及后文“But no one____3____where the books come or go”可知，客人也可以将任何一本捐赠出来。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但没有人追查书籍的来历和去向；这一切都建立在信任的基础上。A. suspects怀疑；B. tracks追踪；C. ensure确认；D. assesses评估。根据语境和后文“It’s all based on trust”（这都基于信任）可知，没有人追查这些书的来历和去向。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些书通常都是鼓舞人心的类型——从Jack Canfield的《心灵鸡汤》，到《现在的力量》等自助书籍，再到Romain Rolland的《名人传》。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. professional专业的，熟练的；C. amusing逗人发笑的；D. creative有创造力的。根据后文“from Jack Canfield’s Chicken Soup For the Soul”（摘自杰克·坎菲尔德的《心灵鸡汤》）可知，这些书都是鼓舞人心的。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不能保证在某一天你会发现什么书。A. warned警告；B. convinced确认；C. guaranteed保证；D. justified辩解。根据前文“But no one tracks where the books come or go”（没有人会追踪这些书的去向）可知，作者无法保证会发现什么书籍。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：前几天，我偶然发现了一本红色的书。A. referred to提及；B. chanced on碰巧，偶然发现；C. put away放好；D. subscribed to订阅。根据前文“You can’t really be guaranteed what you’ll find on a particular day”（你不能保证在某一天你会发现什么。）可知，作者是偶然发现这本书的。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上面写着用黑色墨水手写的题词。A. wrote写作；写下；B. printed打印；C. read有……的字样，写着；D. explained解释。后文提到“a hand-written inscription (题词) in black ink”（用黑色墨水手写的铭文）由此判断，这页纸上是手写的题词，应该是“写着”手写体的题词。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我迅速在书中随意翻开一页。A. fancy华丽的；B. specific明确的；C. random随意的；随机的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“The other day, I chanced on a red book. It stood out because it had special little white hearts on it and no title.”（前几天，我偶然发现了一本红色的书。它之所以引人注目，是因为上面有一颗特别的小白心，而且没有标题。）可知，作者第一次见到这本书，应该是随意翻开一页。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现了一段引文，上面有一个划掉的词，似乎是伯罗斯奶奶或爷爷用颤抖的笔迹写的。A. shaky摇晃的；颤抖的；B. awful可怕的，很坏的；C. innocent无辜的；D. childish幼稚的。根据常识和后文“elderly Grandma or Grandpa”（年纪大的伯罗斯奶奶或爷爷），结合选项可以推知，这是老年人颤抖的笔迹。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，每一页都有DJ祖父母手写的名言。A. Unexpectedly出乎预料地；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Shockingly惊人地；D. Thankfully谢天谢地。根据后文“every page had a hand-written quote by DJ’s grandparents”（每一页上都有DJ的祖父母手写的一句话）可知，作者没预料到书中每一页都有手写的名言，这非常出乎人意料。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一本多年前祖父母的名言集！A. tradition传统；B. exhibition展览；C. presentation演示；D. collection收集。根据前文“every page had a hand-written quote by DJ’s grandparents”（每一页上都有DJ的祖父母手写的一句话）可知，这是一本名言集。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是这份礼物将我们所有人联系在一起！A. comforted安慰；B. relieved缓解；C. connected联系；D. attracted吸引。基于前文“They had given it to their grandson and now, DJ had given it to us. (他们把它送给了他们的孙子，现在，DJ把它送给我们了。)”可知，既然是传给我们的，肯定和我们有联系。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在离开之前，他来我们家参加一个活动，把这本书放在书架上，没有让我们知道。A. invitation邀请；B. event活动，事件；C. honor荣誉；D. adventure冒险。根据后文“putting this book on the shelf without letting us know”（把这本书放在书架上，没有让我们知道）可知，DJ是来参加一个活动时，把书放在书架上的。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以这种方式默默地感谢我们的分享给他带来的好处。A. admiration钦佩，赞美；B. wishes祝愿；C. commitment忠诚；D. gratitude感激。根据后文“for what he benefited from our sharing”（我们分享给他的好处）可知，他在默默表示感谢。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们对Burrowes夫妇留给我们的东西心怀敬畏。A. defence防御；B. recognition认知；C. honor荣誉；D. awe敬畏。前文提到我们在“共享图书”活动中，获得了很多的感动，因此在看到Burrowes夫妇给我们留下的珍贵的东西时，我们应该是心怀敬畏的，此处是固定短语in awe of，意为“敬畏”。故选D。
非选择题部分
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qixi, ___56___ (fall) on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, is widely regarded as China’s Valentine’s Day. But do you know the origin of the festival?
Legend has it ___57___ the Weaver Girl met and fell in love with a cowherd. The Jade Emperor strongly objected ___58___ the couple’s union and forcibly separated them by the Milky Way, leaving them ___59___ (tear) apart by the galaxy and only allowing them to meet once a year. ___60___ the distance could not stop their love for one another and they looked forward to meeting once a year on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.
However, with the development of high speed railways, the tragedy of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl could not happen in modern China. A ride between Beijing and Shanghai on the high-speed rail only ___61___ (take) four hours. The convenience and ___62___ (efficient) of modern travel have shortened the “galactic distance” between couples.
On Qixi, more and more young people are going on dates and exchanging gifts to express their affection. Long queues are also often formed at the gate of the Civil Affairs Bureau (局，科) ___63___ couples rush to register for marriage when love is in the air. This is because Qixi carries ___64___ (it) a symbolic meaning: choose your own love and remain ____65____ (faith) to life.
【答案】56. falling
57. that 58. to
59. torn 60. But##Yet
61. takes 62. efficiency
63. where 64. itself
65. faithful
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“七夕节”的渊源及其发展。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：七夕，在农历七月初七，被广泛认为是中国的情人节。分析句子结构可知fall与逻辑主语Qixi构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填falling。
【57题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：传说织女遇见了一个牛郎，并爱上了他。legend has it that...是固定句型，意为“传说，相传”，故填that。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：玉皇大帝强烈反对这对夫妇的结合，并强行将他们分开在银河系，他们被银河分开，一年只能见一次面。短语：object to sb./sth.“反对某人或某物”，to为介词，故填to。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，“leaving them 　　4　　(tear) apart by the galaxy and only allowing them to meet once a year”在句中为状语，空处作补语，动词tear与代词them为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词torn，故填torn。
【60题详解】
考查连词。句意：但距离无法阻挡他们对彼此的爱，他们期待着每年农历七月初七见面一次。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but或yet。句首单词首字母要大写。故填But/Yet。
【61题详解】
考查时态。句意：从北京到上海乘坐高铁只需要4个小时。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为A ride，谓语用三单形式。故填takes。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：现代旅行的便利和高效缩短了夫妻间的“银河距离”。and为并列连词，根据空前“convenience”可知，此处用名词efficiency与其表示并列，表示“效率”为不可数名词，故填efficiency。
【63题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：民政局门口也经常排起长队，在那里情侣们争先恐后地登记结婚，空气中弥漫着爱的气息。分析可知，空处及之后的内容为定语从句，先行词为the Civil Affairs Bureau，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。
【64题详解】
考查代词。句意：这是因为七夕具有象征意义：选择自己的爱情，忠贞一生。分析可知，空处在句中为宾语，指“七夕”这天，宾语和主语为同一物时，宾语使用反身代词。故填itself。
【65题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。remain“保持”为连系动词，所以空处用形容词作表语，故填faithful。
第四部分: 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你校上周举办了“迎亚运”为主题的海报设计大赛。请你给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 比赛过程及结果；
3. 比赛影响。
注意：
1. 写作词数为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Poster Contest on Welcoming the Asian Games
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【答案】 A Poster Contest on Welcoming the Asian Games
Aiming to involve us students in the upcoming Asian Games, our school launched a Poster Contest themed on “Welcoming the Asian Games” last week.
As scheduled, representatives from each class participated in the contest, each of whom handed in their delicately-designed posters, ranging from handing drawing to computer graphics. Having been selected, 10 outstanding posters were awarded for their innovation and excellence which are now on display on the school gallery wall for students to appreciate.
The contest was a huge success. Apart from providing a platform for us to show our talents, it also fueled our passion for the Games.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文写作。要求学生给校英语报写一篇关于“迎亚运”主题海报设计大赛的报道，内容包括活动目的；比赛过程、结果以及比赛带来的影响。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
旨在：aim to→ with the purpose of
优秀的：outstanding→ excellent
展览：on display→ on show
提供：provide→ offer
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The contest was a huge success. Apart from providing a platform for us to show our talents, it also fueled our passion for the Games.
复合句：The contest was a huge success, which not only provided a platform for us to show our talents but also fueled our passion for the Games.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As scheduled, representatives from each class participated in the contest, each of whom handed in their delicately-designed posters, ranging from handing drawing to computer graphics.（介词+whom引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】Having been selected, 10 outstanding posters were awarded for their innovation and excellence which are now on display on the school gallery wall for students to appreciate.（which引导的限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Julia always enjoyed running through The Dark Walk towards the light at the end of it. It was a dark，damp tunnel(隧道)made of smooth branches. This year she had the extra joy of showing it to her small brother, Stephen, and of terrifying him as well as herself.
One day they found a hole on one side of the walk. Inside there was water, in which they noticed a panting trout(喘息的鳟鱼).They were both so excited that they were no longer afraid of the darkness as they bent down and peered at the fish panting in his tiny prison， his silver stoma(气门) going up and down like an engine, otherwise he was motionless. Julia wondered what he ate and thought of his hunger. She found him a worm. He ignored the food, and just went on panting. Bending over him, she thought how he had been in there. All the winter, in the dark tunnel, all day, all night, floating around alone.
Nobody knew how the fish got there. Her mother suggested that a bird had carried the egg. Her father thought that in the winter a small stream might have carried it down there as a baby, and it had been safe until summer came and the water began to dry up.
Before they went to bed, Stephen asked his mummy the whole story of the trout, not really interested in the actual trout, but in the story which his mum began to make up for him. Julia in her bed, presented her back to them(背对着他们)and read her book. But she kept one ear cocked(竖起耳朵). “And so, in the end, the naughty fish got bigger and bigger, and the water got smaller and smaller...”Passionately, she turned around and cried, “Mummy, don’t make it a horrible old moral story.” Her mom had even brought in a fairy(仙子)，who had made it rain and filled the hole，so that the trout could float away down the river below. Staring at the moon, she knew there was no such thing as a fairy and that the trout, down in the tunnel, was panting for his life.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She sat up in the silent night and Stephen was sound asleep.
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Julia poured the trout out of the pot into the river.
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【答案】参考范文
She sat up in the silent night and Stephen was sound asleep. She got out of the bedroom and ran to the poor trout with a pot. Although she was scared in the darkness, a sense of responsibility welled up in her heart. “Never can the small hole be your prison.” She murmured to the panting creature, “but how can I rescue you from the deep hole?" Suddenly, it dawned on her that maybe she could fill the hole with water like a fairy. Next three hours witnessed Julia’s effort in filling the hole with the water fetched from the river nearby. Finally, she grasped it, put it into the pot and raced out to the river.
Julia poured the trout out of the pot into the river. Staring at the disappearing trout, Julia was in great joy, a wave of happiness flooding over her. Without any delay, she charged back home like an arrow(箭)and announced the news to the whole family. Having confirmed what she had done,her parents gave a thumbs up(竖起大拇指)to praise her. “You must be the very fairy” yelled Stephen,his eyes twinkling like a diamond. The bright smile from everyone lit up The Dark Walk. Hadn’t it been for Julia’s bravery and Mom’s weird(离奇的，怪诞的)story, the trout couldn’t have run through the dark hole towards the light river.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了作者两兄妹看到在隧道里看到喘息的鳟鱼，请教大人，在妈妈讲的故事中得到灵感，亲自救了鳟鱼并把它放生到河里的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她在寂静的夜晚坐了起来，斯蒂芬睡着了”可知，第一段可描写作者走出卧室来到隧道旁边，从小河里取水并成功地将鳟鱼捉住并飞快地跑到河边。
②由第二段首句内容“茱莉亚把锅里的鳟鱼倒进河里”可知，第二段可描写作者将鳟鱼放生后，全家人都赞扬她的举动。
2.续写线索：走出卧室来到隧道——思考解决办法——往洞里灌水——捉住鳟鱼——跑向河边——放生鳟鱼——家人赞扬——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①溜出去：get out of/ slip out of
②害怕：be scared /be terror-stricken
③跑回家：run back home/ charge back home
情绪类
①感到紧张：be in great joy/be alive with excitement
②赞扬：praise / recognize
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Although she was scared in the darkness, a sense of responsibility welled up in her heart.（让步状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Having confirmed what she had done,her parents gave a thumbs up(竖起大拇指)to praise her.（非谓语动词作状语）