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    2022-2023学年山西省临汾市尧都区八年级(下)期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

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    2022-2023学年山西省临汾市尧都区八年级(下)期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

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    这是一份2022-2023学年山西省临汾市尧都区八年级(下)期末英语试卷(含答案解析),文件包含第1课时初步认识比热容pptx、加热水和煤油mp4、比较水沙石的比热容mp4、比较金属的比热熔冰mp4、水和煤油的吸热能力对比mp4、水和煤油的吸热能力对比swf等6份课件配套教学资源,其中PPT共23页, 欢迎下载使用。
    (1) ______ (2) ______ (3) ______ (4) ______ (5) ______
    (1)
    (2)
    (3)
    (4)
    (5)
    Dear humans,
    It's the first time I write t yu.I nce sent yu many messages,but yu never cared abut them.S I decided t write t yu a letter.
    First,let me tell yu mre abut ur family.I hpe yu knw that I als have many ther children besides(除……之外) yu,(1) ______ all kinds f birds,fishes and animals.Sme f them fly in the sky,sme f them swim in water and sme f them run in(2) ______ .They might be very clse t yu.Yu bring them hme t yur pets,friends and helpers.Yu put them in zs.Yu (3) ______ them fr their meat.And yu even catch them fr fun.This(4) ______ yu mney and happiness.But this als brings yu illnesses and death.Yu need t remember that(5) ______ animals are nt yur fd r clthes.They are nt killers,either. (6) ______ ,they are yur brthers and sisters.They culd live freely withut yu.
    ( 7) ______ ,in ur family,yu are much smarter than thers.Yu can decide where yu g,as well as where I g.But yu dn't listen t me.My air,my frests and my rivers are plluted by yu.Yu ask fr s much frm me,mre than what I can give yu.But yu never think abut if I have been hurt.I'm wrried that ne day yu will(8) ______ have n place t live in.
    S humans,please grw up,I hpe yu and all my ther children t live freely in my arms.
    Yurs, Mther Earth
    2.A. includingB. againstC. twards
    3.A. railwayB. frestsC. spring
    4.A. killB. fearC. cunt
    5.A. wnsB. hidesC. ffers
    6.A. wildB. magicC. huge
    7.A. At birthB. In factC. At first
    8.A. TuristsB. AdultsC. Humans
    9.A. recentlyB. strangelyC. cmpletely
    10.It was nly the secnd week f the summer vacatin and Jim was getting tired f it.His friends were away n vacatin,and even his dg was being lazy.Mm was getting ready t g t the sup kitchen in the dwntwn area t help ut.T serve lunch t the pr peple,(1) ______ She suggested that Jim g with her every Wednesday and Sunday.
    ( 2) ______ He watched his mm carefully put sme chicken and ptates n a plate.She then passed it t the next lady.The next lady put green beans and bread n the plate. "I can d that",Jim thught t himself.One f the vlunteers left early,s Jim tk her place.(3) ______ After the kitchen clsed,Jim was asked t stay there t clean up with his mm.
    Back at hme,Jim tld his dad abut hw much jy he had. "Nt nly did it give me smething t d,(4) ______ "His dad said,"Jim,yu did much better than many kids.I am s prud f yu!Yu helped many peple wh are nt s lucky as yu t have a ht meal."
    Jim went t bed that night thinking abut the sup kitchen. "(5) ______ ",thught Jim.As the ld saying ges, "The rse's in her hand,the flavr in mine."
    (1)
    (2)
    (3)
    (4)
    (5)
    11.Mst singers,ften in their 20s r 30s,becme famus fr a few hit sngs.But Angela Alvarez,frm Cuba,didn't recrd her first album(专辑)until she was in her early 90s.The mre amazing thing was that she wn the Latin Grammy fr Best New Artist at the age f 95.
    Angela fell in lve with music when she was a child.After leaving schl,she tld her father she wanted t becme a prfessinal singer.Hwever,her father didn't supprt her.She listened t her father,and later she gt married and had fur children.
    Life was peaceful fr Angela,but she culdn't frget her dream t be a prfessinal singer.With time,she had kids,her kids had kids,and ne f her grandchildren became a music maker.When he fund ut that his grandmther had written ver 50 sngs,he decided t d smething fr her.He asked her t recrd her sngs in a studi.Withut thinking twice,Angela accepted gladly.S after putting ff her dream fr many years,she finally released(发行)her first album in 2021.
    Angela's stry even surprised a famus actr.He ffered t make a dcumentary abut Angela's life,her lve f music and her 15–sng album.
    Angela's dream even reached new heights,especially when she wn Latin Grammy.Once she gave an great speech. "I want t share this award t thse wh have nt achieved their dream.Althugh life is difficult,there is always a way ut,and with faith and lve yu can achieve it.I prmise yu,it's never t late."
    Once upn a time,there was a king.He ruled a very rich cuntry.One day,he went n a trip t his cuntry.When he came back,he said that his feet hurt badly because he had walked a lng way and the rads were full(1) ______ stnes.He was angry and then came(2) ______ with an idea.He asked his peple t cver every rad in the cuntry with leather(皮革).But that wuld need s much and cst lts f mney.One f his clever advisrs came frward t tell the king, " My dear king,I have a simple way(3) ______ slve the prblem.Yu dn't have t spend s much mney.Why dn't yu just cut a piece f leather ut t cver yur wn feet?"The king was surprised,( 4) ______ he still fllwed the advice and had shes made f leather fr him.There(5) ______ a great lessn f life in this stry:One prblem may have different slutins.If we lk at the prblem in different ways,we may be able t find the best slutin.
    12.
    13.
    14.
    15.
    16.
    17.
    During the Spring and Autumn Perid,there lived a great musician named Yu Bya.He played guqin very well.Many peple enjyed his music.ZhngZiqi was ne f(1) ______ .
    One day,Yu Bya came back frm a trip t the muntains.He played guqin(2) ______ his lve fr the muntains.ZhngZiqi happened t stand beside him while Yu Bya(3) ______ a piece f music.Zhng said, " Hw wnderful the music is!When I listen t yu playing guqin,I can almst see the muntains in frnt f my eyes."
    Bya was very happy t hear Zhng's wrds.Then he played anther tune(曲子).Zhng clapped his hands and cheered again, " What a beautiful tune it is!When I listen t it,I seem t imagine that(4) ______ f bats cming dwn big rivers."
    Bya was surprised(5) ______ Zhng's wrds.He decided t play mre tunes fr Zhng.Whenever he played a new tune,Zhng culd(6) ______ tell what Bya was thinking abut when he played the tune.
    " T be(7) ______ ,Yu are the nly ne that knws my music and understand my mind.Yu knw me like a true friend, " Bya said in(8) ______ .
    After that,Bya and Zhng became clse friends.After Zhng's death,Bya was s sad(9) ______ he brke his guqin and decided never t play it again.
    This is the stry abut Yu Bya and ZhngZiqi.S far we(10) ______ the wrd "zhiyin" t describe the friendship between true friends.We can learn a lessn frm the stry.It is hard t find a true friend.If yu find yur true friends,lve them and value real friendships.
    (1)
    (2)
    (3)
    (4)
    (5)
    (6)
    (7)
    (8)
    (9)
    (10)
    18.读万卷书,行万里路。我们可以阅读经典,拓展视野,感悟人生;也可以走进博物馆,学习历史,体验文化。请选择一个自己喜欢的学习方式,并结合亲身经历,谈谈自己的收获。

    答案和解析
    1.【答案】【小题1】B
    【小题2】A
    【小题3】D
    【小题4】G
    【小题5】C
    【解析】(1)根据下文I have t many ld things.(我有太多旧的东西了。)可知,遇到了麻烦,此处可问对方怎么了。故B项"你怎么了?"符合语境。故选:B。
    (2)根据下句My rm seems t get smaller.(我的房间似乎变得更小了。)可知,说话人也有同样的烦恼。故A项"我也一样。"符合语境。故选:A。
    (3)根据上文Why nt have a yard sale?(为什么不举办一场庭院售卖?)可知,对方提议了,说话人回答Let's talk mre abut it.(让我们来更加详细的谈谈这个计划吧。)可知,同意对方的提议。D项"我真是完全同意你的想法!"符合语境。故选:D。
    (4)根据回答We can raise mney fr the students in the villages.(我们可以为乡村的学生们筹钱。)可知,此处在问应该怎么处理卖旧物得到的钱。G项"我们怎样处理这笔钱呢?"符合语境。故选:G。
    (5)根据上文We can raise mney fr the students in the villages.(我们可以为乡村的学生们筹钱。)及说话人说的Perfect.(太棒了。)可知,说话人同意这个做法,C项"我喜欢帮助他人。"符合语境。故选:C。
    本文是如何处理旧物品的一段对话。
    根据上下文选出合适的句子,平时多积累多练习。
    2~9.【答案】A、B、A、C、A、B、C、C
    【解析】(1)考查介词。句意:我希望你们知道,除了你们,我还有很多其他的孩子,包括各种各样的鸟、鱼和动物。A包括;B反对;C朝,向。根据上文 I als have many ther children besides(除……之外) yu(除了你,我还有很多其他的孩子)可知,应该是包括。故选:A。
    (2)考查名词。句意:它们中的一些在天空中飞行,一些在水中游泳,一些在森林中奔跑。A铁路;B森林;C春天。根据上文f them fly in the sky,sme f them swim in water(它们中的一些在天空中飞行,一些在水中游泳)可知,此处应说陆地上的动物了,按照常识可知它们常在森林里奔跑。故选:B。
    (3)考查动词。句意:你们为了它们的肉杀掉它们。A杀死;B害怕;C数数。根据空后fr their meat(为了它们的肉)可知,应该是杀死它们。故选:A。
    (4)考查动词。句意:这给你们带来了金钱和快乐。A拥有;B隐藏;C提供。根据语境可知,应该是提供,词组ffer sb sth给某人提供某物。故选:C。
    (5)考查形容词。句意:你需要记住,野生动物不是你的食物或衣服。A野外的;B神奇的;C巨大的。根据上文 kinds f birds,fishes and animals(各种各样的鸟、鱼和动物)可知,在说野生动物,即wild animals,为固定搭配。故选:A。
    (6)考查介词短语。句意:事实上,它们时你们的兄弟姐妹。A出生时;B事实上;C最初。根据上文可知,人类和地球上所有的动物都是一家人,故应填事实上,大家都是兄弟姐妹。故选:B。
    (7)考查名词。句意:人类,在我们家里,你比其他兄弟姐妹们都更聪明得多。A游客;B成年人;C人类。根据写信的对象Humans(人类)可知,是在对人类说话。故选:C。
    (8)考查副词。句意:我担心有一天你会完全没有地方住。A最近;B奇怪地;C完全。根据上文可知,人类破坏环境,杀害动物,故应是可能将来完全没有地方可住。故选:C。
    这封信主要写了以下几点:
    1.地球母亲向人类介绍了自己的家庭,包括各种鸟类、鱼类和动物,它们在天空飞翔、水中游泳和陆地奔跑。
    2.地球母亲提醒人类,这些动物不是他们的食物或衣物,也不是杀手,而是他们的兄弟姐妹,应该能够自由地生活。
    3.地球母亲担心人类对环境的污染,包括空气、森林和河流,人类对地球的要求超过了它所能给予的,而人类却从未考虑过地球是否受到了伤害。
    4.地球母亲担心有一天人类将没有地方可住,呼吁人类成长起来,希望人类和其他动物能够在地球的怀抱中自由地生活。
    首先通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合所学语法,运用排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。
    10.【答案】【小题1】D
    【小题2】F
    【小题3】E
    【小题4】C
    【小题5】A
    【解析】细节推理题。
    (1)根据空前T serve lunch t the pr peple,(为了给穷人提供午餐,)可知,空处应是说吉姆妈妈的行动。选项D"她每周在那里做两次志愿者。"符合语境。故选D。
    (2)根据后句He watched his mm carefully put sme chicken and ptates n a plate.(他看着妈妈小心翼翼地把一些鸡肉和土豆放在盘子里。)可知,空处应是说吉姆不太熟悉工作。选项F"厨房里的一切对吉姆来说都是新的。"符合语境。故选F。
    (3)根据前句One f the vlunteers left early,s Jim tk her place.(一个志愿者提前离开了,所以吉姆代替了她的位置。)可知,空处应是说和工作有关的话题。选项E"那天他为二十五个人服务。"符合语境。故选E。
    (4)根据前句Nt nly did it give me smething t d,(它不仅给了我一些事情可做,)可知,空处应用but als的内容。选项C"但我也觉得做这件事很棒。"符合语境。故选C。
    (5)根据下文As the ld saying ges, "The rse's in her hand,the flavr in mine."(俗话说:"予人玫瑰,手有余香。")可知,空处应是吉姆说继续帮忙。选项A"我会再帮忙的。"符合语境。故选A。
    短文主要讲述了吉姆去救济厨房帮忙的事情。
    首先通读全文,了解文章大意;其次掌握每段的主旨大意,并选出中心句;最后要再次阅读文章检查,避免错误。
    11.【答案】when
    【解析】(1)考查连词。句意:Angela Alvarez小时候就爱上了音乐。根据第二段Angela fell in lve with music when she was a child.(Angela小时候就爱上了音乐。)可知,when"当的时候"符合题意。故填when。
    (2)考查形容词。句意:虽然生活对她来说很平静,但她对音乐的热爱并没有停止。根据第三段 Life was peaceful fr Angela,but she culdn't frget her dream t be a prfessinal singer.(对Angela来说,生活是平静的,但是她不能忘记成为一名职业歌手的梦想。)可知,生活是平静的,空格处在句中作表语,所以应填形容词,peaceful"平静的"符合题意。故填peaceful。
    (3)考查名词。句意:当她的一个孙子实现了她的音乐梦想时,他决定帮助她。根据第三段When he fund ut that his grandmther had written ver 50 sngs,he decided t d smething fr her.(当他发现他的祖母写了50多首歌时,他决定为她做点什么。)可知,他决定帮助他的祖母。make a decisin"下定决心",固定短语。故填decisin。
    (4)考查副词。句意:Angela的梦想甚至达到了新的高度,尤其是,她在95岁时获得了拉丁格莱美最佳新人奖。根据最后一段Angela's dream even reached new heights,especially when she wn Latin Grammy.(Angela的梦想甚至达到了新的高度,尤其是当她赢得了拉丁格莱美。)空格处在句中作状语,所以应填副词,especially"尤其"符合题意。故填especially。
    (5)考查动词。句意:她的故事告诉我们,每个人都可以用爱和信念实现我们的梦想,任何时候都不晚。根据最后一段I want t share this award t thse wh have nt achieved their dream.Althugh life is difficult,there is always a way ut,and with faith and lve yu can achieve it.I prmise yu,it's never t late.(我想把这个奖分享给那些没有实现梦想的人。虽然生活艰难,但总有出路,有了信念和爱你就能实现。我向你保证,永远不会太晚。)可知,此处是指"实现梦想",achieve"实现",动词。情态动词can后用动词原形。故填achieve。
    文章主要讲述了Angela坚持自己的信念实现梦想的故事。
    通读全文,了解文章大意,联系上下文,结合语境,选择单词的正确形式填空。
    12~16.【答案】f、up、t、but、is
    【解析】(1)考查介词。句意:当他回来的时候,他说他的脚疼得很厉害,因为他走了很长的路,路上满是石头。be full f充满。故填f。
    (2)考查介词。句意:他很生气,然后想出了一个主意。cme up with an idea想出一个主意。故填up。
    (3)考查介词。句意:他的一位聪明的谋士上前告诉国王:"亲爱的国王,我有一个简单的办法来解决这个问题…"。a way t d sth.做某事的方法。故填t。
    (4)考查连词。句意:国王很惊讶,但他还是听从了建议,让人给他做了一双皮鞋。根据The king was surprised(国王很惊讶)以及he still fllwed the advice and had shes made f leather fr him(他还是听从了建议,让人给他做了一双皮鞋)可知,前后句子之间存在转折关系。but是连词,表示转折关系。故填but。
    (5)考查动词。句意:这个故事给我们上了一课:一个问题可能有不同的解决方法。分析There…a great lessn f life in this stry可知,此句是there be句型的句子,谓语动词由名词决定。a great lessn是名词单数,陈述真理用一般现在时。故填is。
    这篇短文主要讲述了一个国王的故事。国王去国外旅行回来后,抱怨自己的脚因为路上的石头而受伤。他生气并想出一个主意,要求国内的道路都用皮革覆盖。但这需要大量的皮革和金钱。一位聪明的顾问提出了一个简单的解决办法,建议国王只需要用一块皮革来制作鞋子来保护自己的脚。国王虽然惊讶,但还是接受了这个建议。这个故事告诉我们一个重要的人生道理:一个问题可能有不同的解决办法,如果我们从不同的角度看待问题,我们可能能找到最好的解决方案。
    根据所给信息填空,考生注意先通读全文,根据所给的信息,结合词组固定搭配和语境,填出适当的单词。
    17.【答案】【小题1】them
    【小题2】t express
    【小题3】was playing
    【小题4】millins
    【小题5】at
    【小题6】actually
    【小题7】hnest
    【小题8】excitement
    【小题9】that
    【小题10】have used
    【解析】(1)考查人称代词。句意:钟子期是其中之一。根据Many peple enjyed his music.(许多人喜欢他的音乐。)可知此处用them代替many peple。故填them。
    (2)考查不定式。句意:俞伯牙弹奏古琴表达对山的热爱。不定式表示目的,express表示"表达"。故填t express。
    (3)考查动词时态。句意:当他正在弹一首曲子时,钟子期恰好站在他旁边。while表示"当时",引导时间状语从句,表示弹琴的动作正在发生。故填was playing。
    (4)考查数词。句意:当我听这首曲子时,我好像想象到数百万的船从山上下来。millins f表示"数百万的"。故填millins。
    (5)考查介词。句意:俞伯牙感到惊讶。be surprised at表示"对感到惊讶"。故填at。
    (6)考查副词。句意:无论他弹什么曲子,钟子期都能知道伯牙在弹琴时想什么。actually表示"确实",副词修饰动词tell。故填actually。
    (7)考查形容词。句意:实话说,你是第一个知道我的音乐并了解我的想法的人。t be hnest表示"实话实话",固定短语。故填hnest。
    (8)考查名词。句意:伯牙兴奋地说。in excitement表示"兴奋地",副词词性。故填excitement。
    (9)考查连词。句意:听到钟子期去世后,俞伯牙伤心欲绝,摔碎了古琴并决定再也不弹奏。表示"如此以至于"。故填that。
    (10)考查动词时态。句意:目前为止,我们用知音这个词来形容好朋友间的友谊。根据s far可知此处用现在完成时,主语是复数we,助动词用have,use表示"使用"。故填have used。
    这篇短文主要讲述了春秋时期有一位名叫俞伯牙的音乐家,他擅长弹奏古琴,许多人喜欢他的音乐。钟子期是其中之一。有一天,俞伯牙弹奏古琴表达对山的热爱时,钟子期恰好站在他旁边,钟子期赞美了他的音乐,并能通过音乐感受到山的美景。俞伯牙非常高兴听到钟子期的话,于是继续弹奏其他曲子,钟子期也一直欣赏并能理解他的音乐。俞伯牙感到惊讶,决定为钟子期弹奏更多曲子。他们成为了亲密的朋友,但钟子期去世后,俞伯牙伤心欲绝,摔碎了古琴并决定再也不弹奏。这个故事告诉我们,真正的朋友很难找到,如果找到了,要珍惜和爱护真正的友谊。
    根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。
    18.【答案】An unfrgettable trip I had a wnderful trip in Beijing last summer hliday.(去年暑假去了北京) I arrived there by train with my parents.(坐火车去那儿)The weather was sunny and fine.We stayed in Beijing fr seven days.We visited sme places f interest,such as the Great Wall,Tiananmen Square,the Summer Palace and s n.【高分句型一】(参观的景点)On August 1st,I went t Tian'anmen Square t watch the natinal flag g up in the early mrning.【高分句型二】(天安门广场看升国旗)It was exciting.We als tk many phts and ate Beijing Rast Duck.It was very nice.(吃了烤鸭)
    My trip was fantastic.I'll never frget this trip.(感受)
    【解析】【高分句型一】
    We visited sme places f interest,such as the Great Wall,Tiananmen Square,the Summer Palace and s n.我们参观了一些名胜古迹,如长城、天安门广场、颐和园等等。
    places f interest名胜古迹,固定短语。
    【高分句型二】
    On August 1st,I went t Tian'anmen Square t watch the natinal flag g up in the early mrning.8月1日,我一大早就去天安门广场看国旗升起。
    动词不定式作目的状语的运用。
    能够根据提示进行书面表达,能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等,清楚连贯地表达自己的思想,进而完成写作任务。A.Me t.
    B.What's wrng?
    C.I lve helping thers.
    D.I really agree with yu!
    E.Neither f yu are wrng.
    F.Yu have different pinins.
    G.What will we d with the mney?
    A.I will help ut again.
    B.I have already tried it twice.
    C.but als I felt s great ding it.
    D.She vlunteered there twice a week.
    E.He served twenty-five peple that day.
    F.Everything in the sup kitchen was new t Jim.
    Angela Alvarez fell in lve with music(1) ______ she was a child.Hwever,she didn't get the help frm her father,then she gt married and had children,grandchildren.Althugh life was(2) ______ fr her,her lve fr music didn't stp.When ne f her grandsns realized her dream fr music,he made a(3) ______ t help her.With his help,Angela recrded her first album (专辑) in her early 90s.Angela's dream even reached new heights,(4) ______ ,she wn the Latin Grammy fr Best New Artist at the age f 95.Her stry tld us everybdy can(5) ______ ur dreams with lve and faith,it's never t late t d it.
    we use they play actual millin at that shw usual excite hnest

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