2022-2023学年山东省泰安市第一中学高一上学期11月期中英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年山东省泰安市第一中学高一上学期11月期中英语试题含答案，共91页。试卷主要包含了 B．At 4等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 泰安一中2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试
高一英语试题
本试卷分第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分.满分150分.考试用时120分钟.
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What’s the man’s suggestion?
A．Keeping the reservation.
B．Continuing waiting here.
C．Going to another restaurant.
2．What does the woman ask Mike to do?
A．Brush his teeth.
B．Save water.
C．Drink some water.
3．What does the man like best probably?
A．Seeing movies.
B．Playing basketball.
C．Watching football matches.
4．Why does the man seem in low spirits?
A．He has been sick this week.
B．He missed his favorite movies.
C．He got little sleep these days.
5．Which one is true about John?
A．He will go home at 3:00.
B．He will go to the library at 2:00.
C．He will have a class at 1:00.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What is the man’s problem?
A．He has a backache.
B．He took too many pills.
C．He lost contact with his doctor.
7．Why does Doctor Green break the rule for the man?
A．He is very polite.
B．He is seriously ill.
C．He can’t afford a full checkup.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Where is the man’s office?
A．Inside a park
B．Opposite a park.
C．Behind a park.
9．How does the woman go to work?
A．By bus. B．By train. C．By bike.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What does the woman invite the man to do today?
A．Attend a party. B．Study together. C．See a film.
11．When will the speakers meet?
A．At 4:15. B．At 4:30. C．At 4:45.
12．Where will the speakers meet?
A．At the bookstore.
B．At the school gate.
C．At an ice-cream shop.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．How long has the man worked in the new company?
A．For a month.
B．For two months.
C．For three months.
14．What department does the man work in?
A．In the production department.
B．In the marketing department.
C．In the human resources department.
15．How is the work done in the new company?
A．The work is done in teams.
B．The work is done by oneself.
C．The work is done all by machines.
16．What does the man think of his new boss?
A．He thinks much of him.
B．He thinks nothing of him.
C．He thinks the boss is bad-tempered.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What was the weather like last night?
A．It was stormy.
B．It was fine.
C．It was windy.
18．What did the speaker see at the window?
A．A cat’s face.
B．A lion’s face.
C．A man’s face.
19．Where were the speaker’s parents probably when the speaker shouted?
A．In the next room.
B．In the hospital.
C．In the living room.
20．When did the speaker wake up the next morning?
A．After six o’clock.
B．After seven o’clock.
C．After eight o’clock.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Do you have any travel plans in the near future? Or are you looking for the safest place to travel? If your answer is yes, this travel guide will provide some places you can visit. In this guide, we will discuss their culture, food, and other things you should expect.
New Zealand
New Zealand has proven to be the world’s safest place to travel after Iceland and it is known for its wonderful dishes such as Fish and Chips, Hokey Pokey ice cream, etc. Whangarei Falls is a 26.3-metre high waterfall with a beautiful view that makes it one of the most photogenic waterfalls.
Belize
A visit to Belize would give you experiences such as world-class diving, explorations of jungles, etc. When you are in Belize, you should try the following foods: Rice and Beans, Tamales, Stewed Chicken, Fry Jacks and lots more. Belize is known for Mayan ruins and caves and jungle adventures, and it is also known as “Mother Nature’s Best Kept Secret”.
Greenland
Greenland is said to be a place where you do not have to worry about crime, so you need not worry too much about your safety. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, and it is the world’s largest island. Major tourist offers in Greenland include trips on hiking, tours on dog sledding, watching icebergs, etc.
Tunisia
Tunisia is said to be one of the most visited African countries. Some attractive places include its great capital city Tunis, the beach resorts of Mahdia and Kasbah Square in Tunis. Tunisia is popular for its beaches which have pocket-friendly expensive items. Tunisians are always willing to help. Some of the delicious dishes that Tunisians enjoy include Tabouna Bread, Tajine Maadnous, Tunisian Meat Dishes, etc.
1. What can visitors enjoy in New Zealand?
A. Mayan ruins.
B. Golden beaches.
C. The beautiful waterfall.
D. Jungle adventures.
2. Which place should you go to if you are fond of diving?
A. New Zealand. B. Tunisia.
C. Greenland. D. Belize.
3. What can be known about Tunisia?
A. Tunisians are both warm and friendly.
B. It’s famous for its delicious dishes.
C. Tunis is the world’s largest port city.
D. It offers first-class hiking experiences.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个适合参观的地方，包括这些地方的文化、食物等等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“New Zealand has proven to be the world’s safest place to travel after Iceland and it is known for its wonderful dishes such as Fish and Chips, Hokey Pokey ice cream, etc. Whangarei Falls is a 26.3-metre high waterfall with a beautiful view that makes it one of the most photogenic waterfalls.(新西兰已被证明是仅次于冰岛的世界上最安全的旅游目的地，它以其美味的菜肴而闻名，如炸鱼薯条、Hokey Pokey冰淇淋等。旺阿雷瀑布高26.3米，景色优美，是最上镜的瀑布之一。)”可知，在新西兰，游客可以看到漂亮的瀑布。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Belize”部分中的“A visit to Belize would give you experiences such as world-class diving, explorations of jungles, etc.( Belize之行会给你带来世界级的潜水、丛林探险等体验。)”可知，如果游客爱好潜水，可以去Belize。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Tunisians are always willing to help.(突尼斯人总是乐于助人。)”可知，突尼斯人热情友好。故选A。
B
Have you ever wondered how your favorite NBA team received its famous name? All NBA teams have an interesting story or a history behind their names. Some of the names reflected the city’s culture or history, others came from previous owners and many were selected through “Name the Team” contests.
For teams like the Los Angeles Lakers and the Utah Jazz, the names were not always a reflection of the city. Even though Los Angeles has no lakes, the Lakers name has been a city treasure for almost 40 years. Before going to Los Angeles, the team originated in Minneapolis, Minnesota. In1947, team officials changed the name to the Lakers to reflect the Minnesota State’s nickname, “Land of 10,000 Lakes”. The team name went unchanged after moving to Los Angeles in1960.
Because the Utah’s team originated in New Orleans, Louisiana, it was called the Jazz. In 1974, New Orleans club officials chose the name to represent the city for its reputation as the “Jazz Capital of the World”. The name stayed with the team even after they found a new home in Salt Lake City, Utah in 1979.
The original owner of the Chicago Bulls, Richard Klein, named the team the Bulls. He picked the name because a fighting bull is relentless and never quits. Klein, who founded the club in 1966, believed these qualities were necessary for a championship team and hoped his Chicago athletes would live up to the team name. The Bulls, the winner of the six NBA championships, has definitely followed the belief.
In 1967, the Indiana Pacers selected their team name in a different way from most other teams. Their decision was based on what they wanted to achieve in the NBA. Team officials chose the Pacers name because the organization wanted to set the “pace” in professional basketball.
4. Which can be the best title for this passage?
A. The Long History of NBA Teams
B. Interesting Stories about NBA teams
C. Excellent Qualities of NBA Team Officials
D. Stories Behind the Names of NBA Teams
5. Why is the Los Angeles’ team named “the Lakers”?
A. The name was selected from a “Name the Team” contest.
B. The name shows that Los Angeles is a city with various lakes.
C. It was named after a city treasure, which had a long history.
D. The team got this name in another state, which had a lot of lakes.
6. Which of the following refers to the “Jazz Capital of the World”?
A. New Orleans. B. Salt Lake City.
C. Los Angeles. D. Minneapolis.
7. Why did Richard Klein name the Chicago’s team the Bulls?
A. He had guessed the success of the team.
B. People in Chicago used to like watching bullfighting.
C. He wished the team to have the qualities of fighting bulls.
D. Chicago was then a city famous for fighting bulls.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍NBA球队的队名背后的故事，在后四段里分别介绍了“洛杉矶湖人队、犹他爵士队、芝加哥公牛队和印第安纳步行者队”这四个队名的历史由来。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Have you ever wondered how your favorite NBA team received its famous name? All NBA teams have an interesting story or a history behind their names. (你有没有想过你最喜欢的NBA球队的名字是怎么来的?所有NBA球队的名字背后都有一个有趣的故事或历史。)”可知，本文主要介绍NBA球队的队名背后的故事，在后四段里分别介绍了“洛杉矶湖人队、犹他爵士队、芝加哥公牛队和印第安纳步行者队”这四个队名的历史由来。故“NBA球队名字背后的故事”可作为本篇的最佳标题。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Before going to Los Angeles, the team originated in Minneapolis, Minnesota. In1947, team officials changed the name to the Lakers to reflect the Minnesota State’s nickname, “Land of 10,000 Lakes”.（在前往洛杉矶之前，该队从明尼苏达州的明尼阿波利斯出发。1947年，球队官方将球队名称改为湖人队，以反映明尼苏达州的绰号“万湖之乡”。）”可知，湖人队在搬到洛杉矶之前是在明尼苏达的Minneapolis城，这个地方有很多湖泊，由此得名为湖人队，后来才搬到洛杉矶。因此可知，这支球队在另一个有很多湖泊的州获得了这个名字。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Because Utah’s team originated in New Orleans, Louisiana, it was called the Jazz. In 1974, New Orleans club officials chose the name to represent the city for its reputation as the ‘jazz capital of the world’.（因为爵士队起源于路易斯安那州的新奥尔良，所以被称为爵士队。1974年，新奥尔良俱乐部官方选择这个名字来代表这座享有“世界爵士乐之都”美誉的城市。）”可知，犹他爵士队原来是在路易斯安娜的新奥尔良市，他们取名爵士是为了纪念新奥尔良市作为世界爵士乐之都的荣耀。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“He picked the name because a fighting bull is relentless, and never quits. Klein, who founded the club in 1966, believed these qualities were necessary for a championship team and hoped his Chicago athletes would live up to the team name. (他选择这个名字是因为斗牛是无情的，永不放弃。Klein在1966年创立了该俱乐部，他相信这些品质对于一支冠军球队来说是必要的，并希望他的芝加哥运动员能够名符其实。)”可推知，Klein选择公牛为名是希望这支球队能够像公牛一样永不放弃追求胜利。故选C。
C
Have you been exercising and eating healthy, but when you step on the scale, it says you’ve gained a few pounds? “That’s normal, and it doesn’t mean that your workouts are not effective”, says Jeffrey A. Dolgan, an exercise physiologist in Miami Beach, Florida.
“A person’s scale mass (质量) is a combination of muscle, fat, bone, blood, and even the air that we carry in our lungs,” he says. “Immediately after a workout routine, the percentage of mass in each body part can shift as much as 15 percent. So if you’re gaining weight while working out and eating healthy, it’s probably not the type of weight gain that you think it is.
The scale can’t tell you how much of your body weight is muscle or fat, which means if your goal is to improve your fitness level, the scale is not the best tool for measuring improvements. When you start to change your body composition with your workouts — by building more muscle mass and decreasing your body fat — your scale weight may increase, while your body fat percentage may decrease. These changes happen over weeks and months (not hours or days) so the scale is useless when tracking them.
You may argue that you weigh a few pounds less after a high intensity (强度) training class. Don’t get too excited—it’s just water loss due to sweat. Water makes up approximately 65 to 90 percent of a person’s weight, and variation in water content of the human body can move the scale by ten pounds or more from day to day.
So ignore the scale and pay more attention to objective measurement tools like body composition. Keep in mind that if you’re exercising but gaining weight, you may actually look slimmer.
8. What can we know from Dolgan’s words from paragraph 2?
A. Your weight changes little during a day.
B. Your scale mass is affected by many factors.
C. Your workout is not effective if you gain weight.
D. Your weight is determined only by muscle and fat.
9. What will most probably happen after you exercise and eat healthy for 3 months?
A. You will weigh more.
B. Your muscle mass will decrease.
C. Your body fat will increase.
D. Your body composition will change.
10. How much water may a man weighing 150 pounds have in his body?
A. 30 pounds. B. 60 pounds.
C. 100 pounds. D. 140 pounds.
11. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. Why Do We Gain Weight?
B. How to Work Out Effectively?
C. What Is the Composition of Our Body?
D. Why Does My Workout Cause Weight Gain?
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了在坚持锻炼并进行健康饮食的同时，体重不降反增的原因。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句““A person’s scale mass (质量) is a combination of muscle, fat, bone, blood, and even the air that we carry in our lungs,” he says.(他说：“一个人的体表质量是肌肉、脂肪、骨头、血液，甚至是我们肺中携带的空气的组合。”)”可知，体重是肌肉、脂肪、骨骼、血液甚至肺里空气的质量总和。由此可推知，体重受多种因素影响。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“When you start to change your body composition with your workouts — by building more muscle mass and decreasing your body fat — your scale weight may increase, while your body fat percentage may decrease.(当你开始通过锻炼来改变你的身体组成——通过增加更多的肌肉量和减少体脂——你的体重可能会增加，而体脂率可能会降低。)”可推知，在坚持锻炼并进行健康饮食后，最有可能发生的是你的身体组成会发生变化。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Water makes up approximately 65 to 90 percent of a person’s weight(水大约占一个人体重的65%到90%)”可知，人体的含水量约占人体体重的65%到90%。由此可知，体重150磅的人体内含水量应在(150×65%=97.5)磅至(150×90%=135)磅之间。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Have you been exercising and eating healthy, but when you step on the scale, it says you’ve gained a few pounds? “That’s normal, and it doesn’t mean that your workouts are not effective”, says Jeffrey A. Dolgan, an exercise physiologist in Miami Beach, Florida.(你是否一直在锻炼，饮食也很健康，但当你站在秤上时，秤上显示你胖了几磅？“这很正常，这并不意味着你的锻炼没有效果，”佛罗里达州迈阿密海滩的运动生理学家Jeffrey A. Dolgan说。)”和第二段的“Immediately after a workout routine, the percentage of mass in each body part can shift as much as 15 percent. So if you’re gaining weight while working out and eating healthy, it’s probably not the type of weight gain that you think it is.(在例行锻炼后，身体各个部位的质量百分比会立即发生15%的变化。所以，如果你在锻炼和健康饮食的同时体重增加，这可能不是你想的那种类型的体重增加。)”可知，文章主要分析了坚持锻炼并进行健康饮食后体重不降反增的原因。D项“Why Does My Workout Cause Weight Gain?(为什么我锻炼后体重反而增加了？)”能概括文章主要内容，最适合作本文标题。故选D。
D
Earth's longest artificial structure is usually said to be the Great Wall of China while the second-longest is not a wall, but a fence(栅栏). It stretches for 5,614km across eastern Australia and is intended to stop the country's wild dogs, the dingoes, from hunting sheep.
Australia's dingo fence does not stand alone. Millions of kilometres of fences wrap the world. Some are intended to limit the movement of animals, some the movement of people, and some merely to mark the boundary.
Until recently, data on the effects of fences on wildlife have been inadequate. That has changed with the publication of a report by professor Alex McInturff. One discovery he has made is that more than half of published fence research focuses on just five countries—America, Australia, Botswana, China and South Africa. A second is that only a third of these studies examined the impact of fences on anything other than the target species involved, meaning the animals purposely intended to be kept in or out.
Non-target species, however, are often those that have their fortunes most greatly reshaped by the appearance of poles and wire. Australian fences intended to keep out dingoes are also barriers to long-necked turtles, which travel great distances over land when moving between nesting sites. In Botswana fences built to spare cattle from wildlife-borne disease result in serious interference with wildebeest(角马)migrations.
Not every creature fares badly. Hawks(鹰)in Montana gladly sit on newly built livestock fences to hunt small animals, while fence-based spiders in South Africa outperform their tree-based cousins when it comes to catching insects.
Often, though, the winners are creatures that cause trouble for existing ecosystems. Keeping dingoes out of large parts of Australia has allowed aggressive red foxes to multiply. Native rodents(啮齿类动物)have suffered as a result. Some have been brought to the edge of extinction.
12. What is an original purpose of the fences?
A. To expand the boundary of a country.
B. To protect wild animals from being hunted.
C. To keep livestock like sheep and cattle out.
D. To prevent people from moving around freely.
13. Which of the following statements is right about the studies on fences?
A. 50% of the studies focus on just five countries.
B. About two-thirds of the studies focus on the target animals.
C. Non-target animals shouldn't be involved in the studies.
D. The studies have reshaped the fortunes of some species.
14. Which animals unexpectedly benefit from fences?
A. Long-necked turtles in Australia. B. Cattle in Botswana.
C. Tree-based spiders in South Africa. D. Red foxes in Australia.
15. What is the writer's attitude to the fences around the world?
A. Cautious. B. Objective.
C. Disapproving. D. Favorable.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界很多国家都使用栅栏，栅栏的用处也不同，修建动物围栏有利也有弊。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Some are intended to limit the movement of animals, some the movement of people, and some merely to mark the boundary. （有些是为了限制动物的活动，有些是为了限制人的活动，有些只是为了划定边界）”可知，围栏最开始的作用是限制动物或人类的活动，抑或划清界限。D项“防止人类随意走动”符合以上说法。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“A second is that only a third of these studies examined the impact of fences on anything other than the target species involved, meaning the animals purposely intended to be kept in or out.(第二，这些研究中只有三分之一的研究考察了围栏对目标物种以外的其他物种的影响，也就是说，这些动物是有意被关在室内或室外的)”可知，大约三分之二的研究集中在目标动物身上，故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Keeping dingoes out of large parts of Australia has allowed aggressive red foxes to multiply.(澳大利亚大部分地区都不让野狗进入，这使得好斗的红狐得以繁衍)”可推知，澳大利亚的红狐意外地受益于围栏，故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的“Not every creature fares badly.(并不是所有的生物都很糟糕)”和最后一段的“Often, though, the winners are creatures that cause trouble for existing ecosystems.(然而，通常赢家是那些给现有生态系统带来麻烦的生物)”可推知，作者对修建动物围栏的态度是客观的，并没有表达个人观点，故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese people may not be that familiar with sports tourism but it is one of the fastest growing sectors of tourism, because an increasing number of people are showing interest in sports activities during tours even if sports is not the main objective of their travel. ____16____.
Sports tourism refers to tourism involving participation in or watching sports events and staying in an environment different from the usual tourist hotels or resorts. ____17____. At that time, people traveled to Olympia to watch or take part in Olympic competitions. Modern sports tourism, on the other hand, started in the 1990s.
____18____. There is also a lack of research to study its true potential. However, given that Chinese authorities attach great importance to people's health, sports tourism, in many ways, can meet people's demand for both leisure and physical activity while leading to consumption upgrading and development of the tourism industry. The success of the Beijing Winter Olympics in promoting winter sports has led to the dramatic increase in the demand for sports tourism and the gradual but steady integration of sports and tourism.
Sports tourism is the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry today, with an annual growth rate of about 15 percent globally. ____19____.
Also, the integration of sports and tourism products will to eventually lead to the integration of the sports and tourism markets to meet people's diversified consumption demand. Rural tourism, consist of fishing, hiking, horse riding and other outdoor activities. ____20____. This form of tourism, too, has been attracting many tourists.
In short, the rapid growth of sports tourism will help meet people's leisure needs and boost the high-quality development in China.
A. It plays a vital role in rural construction.
B. But sports tourism is still a new sector in China.
C. However, this sector has long drawn people's attention in China.
D. The origin of sports tourism can be traced back to Ancient Greece.
E. In China, however, the growth rate is 30-40 percent despite a slow start.
F. Marathons, cycling, hiking and camping fall in this part of sports tourism.
G. The government can address some of the challenges of rapidly aging society.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了目前体育旅游在旅游行业中发展比较快，受到很多人欢迎。这个行业在中国起步较晚，但发展迅速。体育旅游在中国的发展有助于满足人们的休闲需求，推动中国进一步高质量的发展。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Chinese people may not be that familiar with sports tourism but it is one of the fastest growing sectors of tourism, because an increasing number of people are showing interest in sports activities during tours even if sports is not the main objective of their travel. (中国人可能不太熟悉体育旅游，但它是旅游业增长最快的领域之一，因为越来越多的人在旅游期间对体育活动表现出兴趣，即使体育不是他们旅游的主要目的。)”可知，本段作为首段，主要在引出话题，介绍体育旅游增长速度快，很多游客对其感兴趣。空处继续对体育旅游进行介绍，F项“马拉松、骑自行车、徒步旅行和露营都属于体育旅游的一部分。”对体育旅游进行举例，符合上下文。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“At that time, people traveled to Olympia to watch or take part in Olympic competitions. (当时，人们前往奥林匹亚观看或参加奥运会比赛。)”可知，此空应描述过去的事情，与运动旅游的起源有关。D项“运动旅游的源头可追溯到希腊。”符合上下文语境。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Modern sports tourism, on the other hand, started in the 1990s. (从另一方面说，现代体育旅游始于20世纪90年代。)”以及下文“There is also a lack of research to study its true potential. (目前还缺乏对体育旅游真正潜力的研究。)”可知，此空应填目前该方面发展的缺陷。根据后文“However, given that Chinese authorities attach great importance to people's health, sports tourism, in many ways, can meet people's demand for both leisure and physical activity while leading to consumption upgrading and development of the tourism industry. ” (然而，鉴于中国当局高度重视人们的健康，体育旅游在许多方面可以满足人们对休闲和体育活动的需求，同时促进消费升级和旅游业的发展。)”可知，此空要结合中国体育旅游行业的情况。B项“但体育旅游在中国还是一个新兴行业。”符合上下文语境。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Sports tourism is the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry today, with an annual growth rate of about 15 percent globally. (体育旅游是当今旅游业增长最快的部分，全球年增长率约为15%。)”可知，本段是对运动旅游产业增长速度的数据描述。E选项“然而，在中国，尽管起步缓慢，但增长率为30-40%。”符合上下文。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Rural tourism, consist of fishing, hiking, horse riding and other outdoor activities. (乡村旅游，包括钓鱼、徒步旅行、骑马和其他户外活动。)”可知，本段与乡村旅游有关。A项“它在乡村建设中起着关键作用。”符合文意。故选A项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Modern inventions have speeded up people’s lives amazingly. Motor cars ____21____ a hundred miles in more than an hour, aircraft cross the world within a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of ____22____ seems never-ending. Every year motor cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts(吹嘘) of ____23____ precious seconds in handling tasks.
All these save time, but at a cost. When we lose or ____24____ half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag(时差). Our bodies feel that they have been ____25____ behind in another time zone. Again, spending too long at ____26____ results in painful wrists(手腕) and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers: too much use may transmit harmful ____27____ into our brains.
However, how do we ____28____ the time we have saved? Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so used to constant activity that we find it ____29____ to sit down and do nothing or even just one thing at a ____30____ . Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen ____31____ to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world.
There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation(耕作) of the ____32____ or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace. There is much that we might envy about a ____33____ of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors ____34____ . Modern machines have ____35____ people from that primitive(原始的) existence.
21. A. explore B. get C. cover D. fly
22. A. speed B. time C. product D. distance
23. A. wasting B. losing C. saving D. spending
24. A. earn B. drop C. miss D. gain
25. A. left B. come C. forgotten D. felt
26. A. ships B. airplanes C. computers D. cars
27. A. prevention B. radiation C. combination D. damage
28. A. control B. handle C. do D. deal
29. A. uncomfortable B. easy C. difficult D. good
30. A. second B. day C. year D. time
31. A. actively B. quietly C. quickly D. curiously
32. A. surface B. water C. land D. island
33. A. way B. view C. pathway D. point
34. A. expressed B. charged C. inspired D. faced
35. A. freed B. remained C. kept D. cleared
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了速度改变对生活的影响。人们对速度的追求使科技不断创新，但科技发展节约下来的时间并没有被用来进行放松。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：汽车在一个多小时内行驶100英里，飞机在一天内飞越世界，而计算机以闪电般的速度运行。A. explore探索；B. get得到；C. cover行走（一段距离）；D. fly飞行。根据空后的“a hundred miles”可知，此处指汽车“行驶100英里”，故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这种对速度的热爱似乎是永无止境的。A. speed速度；B. time时间；C. product产品；D. distance距离。根据上文“Modern inventions have speeded up people’s lives amazingly.(现代发明惊人地加快了人们的生活速度)”可知，此处指对速度的热爱，故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年都生产出速度更快的汽车，每台新电脑都号称能节省处理任务的宝贵时间。A. wasting浪费；B. losing丢失；C. saving节省；D. spending花费。根据“Every year motor cars are produced which go even faster”及下文“All this saves time(这一切都节省了时间)”可知，此处意思是每年都会生产出速度更快的汽车，吹嘘每台新电脑在处理任务时都能节省宝贵的时间。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们乘坐飞机在世界各地快速飞行时少了或多了半天时间，我们的身体会告诉我们这一点。A. earn赚得；B. drop投，丢；C. miss思念，错过；D. gain获得。此处和“lose”是选择关系，表示“失去或者获得”，故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的身体感觉他们被留在了另一个时区。A. left留；B. come来；C. forgotten忘记；D. felt感觉。根据上文“We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag (时差).”可知，我们因为时差而感到不舒服，身体感觉被留在了另一个时区。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在电脑前花太长时间会导致手腕和手指疼痛。A. ships轮船；B. airplanes飞机；C. computers电脑；D. cars汽车。根据“results in painful wrists(手腕) and fingers”以及下文“Mobile phones also have their dangers(手机也有它们的危险)”可推知，此处是描述电子产品的危害，指长时间使用电脑会导致手腕和手指疼痛。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：手机也有它们的危险：过度使用可能会把有害的辐射传输到我们的大脑。A. prevention阻止；B. radiation辐射；C. combination结合；D. damage损害。此处是讲手机的危害，应是指“辐射”。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们如何处理节省下来的时间呢？A. control控制；B. handle处理，应付；C. do做；D. deal处理，应付。根据下一句“Certainly not relax, or so it seems.(当然不会放松，至少看起来是这样)”可知，此处指如何处理节省下来的时间，deal意为“处理”时常和with连用，故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们习惯了不断的活动，以至于我们发现坐下来什么都不做，甚至一次只做一件事都很难。A. uncomfortable不舒服的；B. easy容易的；C. difficult困难的；D. good好的。根据“We are so used to constant activity”可知，我们习惯了忙碌，无所事事地坐着对我们来说很难。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们习惯了不断的活动，以至于我们发现坐下来什么都不做，甚至一次只做一件事都很难。A. second秒；B. day天；C. year年；D. time时间。at a time一次，每次，固定短语，此处指“一次只做一件事很难”。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许我们静静地听收音机里的故事，让想象力带我们进入另一个世界的日子已经一去不复返了。A. actively积极地；B. quietly安静地；C. quickly快速地；D. curiously好奇地。根据“letting imagination take us into another world”可推知，此处指安安静静地听收音机里的故事，让想象力带我们进入另一个世界。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾几何时，有些人的生命仅仅专注于耕种土地或饲养牲畜。A. surface表面；B. water水；C. land土地；D. island岛。根据空前的“the cultivation (耕作) of”可知，此处指“耕地”。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样的生活方式有许多值得我们羡慕的地方。A. way方式；B. view观点；C. pathway路，途径；D. point观点。根据上文“No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace.(没有多任务；他们的生活以一种温和得多的节奏继续着)”可知，此处指上文提到的那种生活方式。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我们这样做之前，我们必须想到我们的祖先所面临的艰难任务。A. expressed表达；B. charged指控；C. inspired鼓舞；D. faced面对。通过上文“the hard tasks”可推知，此处意为我们的祖先面对的艰巨任务。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现代机器把人们从原始生活中解放出来。A. freed释放，使解脱出来；B. remained保持不变；C. kept保持；D. cleared清除，清理。结合全文，再通过下文“from that primitive existence”可推知，现代机器把人们从那种原始的生活中解放出来了。故选A项。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Like millions of other people, Mr Griffin, who is head of IT for marketing agency Rise at Seven, ___36___(get) his own dog during the pandemic.
With most of us ___37___ (work) from home at the time of lockdowns, there was___38___sharp increase in pet ownership as people wanted companionship (陪伴). As bosses require staff to return to the office___39___least a few days a week, having a pet dog can become a problem. You have to find a friend or relative ___40___(look) after it, or pay for expensive doggie day care. Or even try to get a new job___41___allows you to continue to work from home all the time.
___42___was to help employees such as Mr Griffin more easily return to the office after the pandemic that Rise’s bosses decided to let everyone bring in their dogs. Mia King, one of the firm’s___43___ (executive), says that having dogs at work has actually made staff work harder, ___44___ than being a distraction (使人分心的事物). Dogs make everyone happy, and cheery staff are____45____ (productive) anyway.
【答案】36. got
37. working
38. a 39. at
40. to look
41. that##which
42. It 43. executives
44. rather 45. more productive
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了在疫情爆发后，营销机构“Rise at Seven”为了让员工能够安心工作，允许员工带狗上班。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：Griffin先生是营销机构“Rise at Seven”的IT主管，和其他数百万人一样，他在疫情期间养了自己的狗。考查谓语动词，根据时间状语“during the pandemic”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填got。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在封锁期间，我们大多数人都在家里工作，宠物的拥有量急剧增加，因为人们想要陪伴。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，动词“work”和宾语“most of us”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填working。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在封锁期间，我们大多数人都在家里工作，宠物的拥有量急剧增加，因为人们想要陪伴。空格后的increase是可数名词单数形式，此处表示泛指“一个”，用不定冠词，单词sharp的发音是辅音音素开头，所以应该用a。故填a。
【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：由于老板要求员工每周至少回办公室几天，养宠物狗可能会成为一个问题。固定搭配：at least，意为“至少”。故填at。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：你必须找一个朋友或亲戚来照顾它，或者支付昂贵的狗狗日托费用。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to look。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：或者甚至试着找一份允许你一直在家工作的新工作。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“a new job”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that引导定语从句。故填which或that。
【42题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：正是为了帮助像Griffin这样的员工在疫情爆发后更容易地回到办公室，Rise的老板们决定让每个人都把狗带进来。考查强调句型：it was+ 被强调部分+ that+句子的其余成分。出现在句首，首字母大写。故填It。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：该公司高管之一Mia King表示，在工作中养狗实际上会让员工更努力地工作，而不是让他们分心。固定用法：one of + the +名词的复数形式。故填executives。
【44题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：该公司高管之一Mia King表示，在工作中养狗实际上会让员工更努力地工作，而不是让他们分心。固定短语：rather than，意为“而不是”。故填rather。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：狗让每个人都很开心，快乐的员工也更有效率。根据上文的句意可知，狗让员工开心，自然工作也更有效率，用比较级形式。故填more productive。
第四部分基础知识考查(共两节，满分20分)
第一节单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据首字母和汉语提示写出单词的适当形式。
46. It’s your r________ (责任) to inform us of any changes.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】responsibility##esponsibility
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果有任何变化，你有责任通知我们。形容词性物主代词your后接名词形式，在句中作表语。根据汉语提示“责任”可知，英文为responsibility，为不可数名词。故填responsibility。
47. The naughty boy always asks some a________ (令人尴尬的) questions. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】awkward##wkward
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个淘气的男孩总是问一些令人尴尬的问题。名词questions前用形容词修饰。根据汉语提示“令人尴尬的”可知，用形容词awkward。故填awkward。
48. Ellis Island has already become one of America’s most popular tourist d________ (目的地). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】destinations##estinations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：埃利斯岛已经成为美国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。 tourist destination旅游目的地，one of +the +形容词最高级 +复数名词。根据中英文提示及句意，故填destinations。
49. The book she r________ (推荐) to me last week is Gone with the Wind. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】recommended##ecommended
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她上周推荐给我的书是《乱世佳人》。recommend sth. to sb.推荐某物给某人。跟时间状语last week可知，用一般过去时。根据中英文提示及句意，故填recommended。
50. As we all know, the koala is u________ (独有的)to Australia. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】unique##nique
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们都知道，考拉是澳大利亚特有的动物。be unique to对……来说是特殊的，独特的。根据中英文提示及句意，故填unique。
51. To his sorrow, the building he visited last year was completely d________(摧毁) by fire. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】destroyed##estroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：令他悲伤是，他去年参观的那座建筑被大火完全烧毁了。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应用动词destroy，与主语构成被动关系，结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填destroyed。
52 The plane is carrying e________ (紧急)supplies for flooded areas. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】emergency##mergency
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这架飞机正在为水灾地区运送紧急物资。名词supplies前用形容词修饰。根据汉语提示“紧急”可知，用形容词emergency。故填emergency。
53. You shouldn’t focus on the negative in any case, but the p________ (积极的). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】positive##ositive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在任何情况下，你都不应该关注消极因素，而应该关注积极因素。the+形容词，表示“抽象意义的事物”。根据汉语提示“积极的”可知，用形容词positive。故填positive。
54. He will be c________ (参加) in the 100-metre race. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】competing##ompeting
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他将参加100米赛跑。。根据中英文提示及句意，compete“竞争”符合句意，compete in“在……方面竞争”，主语He与compete之间为主动关系，所以be动词后接现在分词形式构成将来进行时。故填competing。
55. What follows is a brief s________ (总结)of the long speech. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】summary##ummary
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：下面是这篇长篇演讲的摘要。形容词 brief后接名词形式。根据汉语提示“总结”英文为summary，根据不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填summary。
第二节翻译句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据汉语提示将句子翻译成英语。
56. 你总是会看到我捧着书或握着笔。(never… without...)(汉译英)
【答案】You’ll never see me without holding a book or a pen.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，介词和动名词。根据句意可知，句子时态用一般将来时，“你总是会看到我……”是you’ll never see me without，其后跟动名词作宾语，“捧着书或握着笔”是holding a book or a pen，因此整句话翻译为“You’ll never see me without holding a book or a pen”。故答案为You’ll never see me without holding a book or a pen.
57. 我要找到一个自我提升的方法，这样明年我就可以加入球队了。(so that...) (汉译英)
【答案】I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词和目的状语从句。“找到一个……的方法”用短语find a way；“做某事的方法”用短语way to do sth.；“自我；独自地”用短语on one’s own；so that如此……以至于……，引导目的状语从句。“加入球队”翻译为make the team；“明年”翻译为next year。根据时间状语next year可知，用一般将来时。故翻译为I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.
58. 正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁（Peru）的主要官方语言。（强调句）(汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
【解析】
【详解】本题考查强调句、固定短语和时态。根据题干要求用强调句“It is/ was + 被强调部分+ that+ 其它部分”，被强调部分为人时，可用who替换that，此处被强调部分为for this reason，应用that；根据汉语意思“主要官方语言”可知短语为the main official language；且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
59. 我没有料到一字之差，区别竟如此之大。(汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I didn't expect that the difference in one word was so great.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查宾语从句，短语和时态。表达“预料”，用动词expect；表达“一字之差”，用名词短语the difference in one word ；根据句意，“一字之差，区别是如此之大”为动词 expect 的宾语，应该用宾语从句，用that引导，在从句中不做成分；再分析句意，“我没有料到”，应该是“过去没有料到”，所以应该用过去时态。故翻译为：I didn't expect that the difference in one word was so great.
【点睛】
60. 仿佛世界末日即将来临。（as if）（汉译英）
【答案】It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词、短语、连词和虚拟语气。表示“仿佛”应用连词as if；表示“世界”应用名词the world ；表示“末日来临”应用动词短语come to an end。根据句子意思和所给连词as if可知，这里要用表语从句It seemed as if的结构，谓语用一般过去式的形式表达过去发生的动作；表示“即将来临”要用动词“come”的进行时表将来；“世界末日即将来临”与事实不符，所以要用虚拟语气的结构，从句谓语be动词要用were。故翻译为It seemed as if the world were coming to an end。
第五部分写作(共1小题;满分20分)
61. 假设你是红星中学的李华，你的英国笔友Jimmy想了解你在居家网课期间是如何锻炼身体的。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.你的做法；
2.锻炼给你带来的好处。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Jimmy,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jimmy,
It’s great to hear from you! I’m glad you’re interested in how I exercise during online classes.
Staying active is an important part of my life, so I am exploring new ways to keep it at home. Actually, it’s much easier than I thought. I’ve found some useful workout videos from the internet, and keep following the 15-minute program twice a day. Besides, I’ve prepared inexpensive fitness equipment, such as jump rope and dumbbells, and involve these exercises into my workout plan.
Though I can not go to my favorite basketball court and play together with my friends now, I am still healthy and energetic for my study thanks to these exercises I keep doing every day.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向英国笔友Jimmy写信，向其介绍居家网课期间是如何锻炼身体的。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要：important→ essential
事实上：actually→ in fact
此外：besides → what’s more
由于：thanks to→ due to/owing to/because of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’ve found some useful workout videos from the internet, and keep following the 15-minute program twice a day.
拓展句：I’ve found some useful workout videos that are from the internet, and keep following the 15-minute program twice a day.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad you’re interested in how I exercise during online classes.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Though I cannot go to my favorite basketball court and play together with my friends now, I am still healthy and energetic for my study thanks to these exercises I keep doing every day.（运用了though引导的让步状语从句和省略关系代词的定语从句）