2022-2023学年广东省深圳市罗湖区高一上学期2月期末英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省深圳市罗湖区高一上学期2月期末英语试题含答案，共91页。试卷主要包含了考试结来后，考生上交答题卡等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 2022-2023学年第一学期期末质量检测试题
高一英语
注意事项：
1.本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级和姓名填在答题卡上，正确粘贴条形码。
3.作答选择题时，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应答案的选项涂黑。
4.非选择题的答案必须写在答题卡各题目的指定区域内相应位置上，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
5.考试结来后，考生上交答题卡。
第I卷
第一部分 单项选择(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
1. — Dad, I’ve finished my homework.
— Good! You ______ go to play or watch TV if you like.
A. need B. must C. can D. should
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——爸爸，我做完作业了。——好！你可以去玩或者看电视，如果你喜欢的话。A. need需要；B. must必须；C. can可以；D. should应该。由上文“I’ve finished my homework.”可知，完成作业了，所以可以出去玩，此处can表示允许，故选C。
2. — Will you go swimming with us this weekend?
— It depends. I ______ go to visit my grandpa in the countryside.
A. will B. can C. must D. may
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——这个周末你会和我们一起去游泳吗？——这取决于情况。我可能会去乡下看望我的爷爷。A. will将要；B. can能够；C. must必须、一定；D. may可能。根据空格前的It depends可知，我并没有确定要去游泳，说明我有可能去做其他的事情，may意为“可能”符合句意。故选D项。
3. —Who’s singing in the next room? Is it Lucy?
—It ______ be her. She has gone to New York.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. won’t
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——谁在隔壁房间唱歌？是露西吗？——不可能是她。她去纽约了。A. needn’t不必；B. can’t 不可能；C. mustn’t不允许，不准；D.won’t不会，将不。根据后句She has gone to New York.可知，唱歌的人“不可能”是露西，此处考查查情态动词表示否定推测，应用can’t。故选B。
4. To keep fit, you ______ take regular exercise instead of sitting around all the day.
A. should B. could C. may D. will
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：为了保持健康，你应该定期锻炼，而不是整天坐着。A. should应该；B. could能；C. may可能；D. will将要。结合句意可知使用should“应该”符合句意，故选择A项。
5. His face seems so familiar to me. I ______ him somewhere before.
A. must have seen B. must see C. might have seen D. might see
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查must have done。句意：他的面孔对我来说太熟悉了。我以前一定在什么地方见过他。根据“His face seems so familiar to me.”可知此处应用must have done表示对过去事情非常有把握的推测。故选A项。
6. The old man was very happy when he ______ by the lovely kids.
A. is surrounded B. was surrounded
C. would be surrounded D. had surrounded
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：当老人被可爱的孩子们包围时，他非常高兴。主句用的是一般过去时，描述过去发生的事，从句也应用一般过去时，主语he和动词surround是被动关系，此处表示“被围绕”，应用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词应用was。故选B。
7. The famous scientist said that she ______ to her motherland soon.
A. had returned B. has returned
C. would return D. will return
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：那位著名的科学家说她很快就会回到祖国。主句用的是一般过去时，此处从句表示在过去某一时间来看将来要发生的事，应用过去将来时would do。故选C。
8. Feel free to contact me if you ______ any questions to ask.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would have
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：如果您有任何问题要问，请随时与我联系。分析句子结构可知，祈使句加if引导的条件状语从句，从句时态使用一般现在时表示将来，故选择A项。
9. Look out of the window and you ______ an amazing green world.
A. see B. will see C. are seen D. will be seen
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：向窗外望去，你会看到一个神奇的绿色世界。主动语态，祈使句+and/or+陈述句（一般将来时），该空应用一般将来时。故选B。
10. I ______ a habit of running in the morning since I was in kindergarten.
A. keep B. kept C. have kept D. had kept
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我从幼儿园起就养成了早上跑步的习惯。根据空后since引导的时间状语从句可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：has/have done；主语是第一人称单数I，所以此处助动词需用have。故选C。
11. He ______ care of his plants in the garden despite the freezing wind when I finally found him.
A. takes B. took C. was taking D. had taken
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在我终于找到他的时候，他正在花园里照料他的植物，尽管当时寒风刺骨。由when I finally found him和句意可知，此处表示过去某一时间正在做的事情，应用过去进行时，故选C。
12. He realized that his hard work in the past years ______ a big difference.
A. made B. would made C. has made D. had made
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：他意识到他过去几年的辛勤工作产生了很大的影响。根据句意，“产生了很大的影响”发生在主句动作“意识到”之前，是“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时态。故选D项。
13. I remember on the first day of my senior high ______ I was asked to introduce myself to the class.
A. when B. why C. which D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我记得在我上高中的第一天，我被要求向全班做自我介绍。分析句子结构可知，此处应为定语从句，先行词是the first day of my senior high，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词表时间，所以使用关系副词when。故选A项。
14. The billionaire donated everything ______ belonged to him.
A. what B. that C. which D. why
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个亿万富翁捐赠了所有属于他的东西。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词everything，指物，从句中缺少主语，当先行词为不定代词时，只能用that引导，故选B。
15. Yesterday, he visited his teacher ______ advice proved to be beneficial throughout his life.
A. which B. whom C. who D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天，他拜访了他的老师，老师的建议被证明对他一生有益。该空引导限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词teacher，在从句作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故选D。
16. He enjoyed himself so much in the countryside ______ the amazing scenery impressed him a lot.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在农村玩得很开心，那里令人惊叹的景色给他留下了深刻的印象。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是countryside，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选D。
17. Longji Rice Terraces, ______ were cleverly designed, solved the problem of limited farmland.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：设计巧妙的隆基梯田解决了耕地有限的问题。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Longji Rice Terraces指物在从句中作主语，只能使用关系代词which，故选C项。
18. The doctor advised Mary strongly that she should take a holiday, but ______ didn’t help.
A. which B. she C. it D. he
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查it用法。句意：医生强烈建议Mary 去度假，但是这个建议不起作用。It可以指代前面提到的同一事物，或者某件事情。本题因为有连词but说明后面不是从句，而是一个并列句，故不能使用which。She和he指人。故选C。
19. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of _______were published in the 1990s.
A whom B. which
C. them D. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他写了很多儿童读物，其中几乎一半出版于上世纪90年代。先行词是children’s books，指物，在定语从句中作of后的宾语，用which引导，故选B。

20. You can’t imagine the reason ______ he finally sold his company.
A. in which B. from which C. on which D. for which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你无法想象他最终卖掉公司的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了限制性定语从句，先行词为the reason 在从句中做状语，可使用介词+关系代词for+which等同于关系副词why，故选择D项。
第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Most Beautiful Seas in the World
Considering the most beautiful seas, it’s worth paying attention to the southern water bodies, although, without doubt, each sea is attractive and charming in its own way.
The most beautiful sea in the world-Coral Sea
If we consider the beauty of the seas, and not their coasts, then the first place should be given to the Coral Sea. The Coral Sea is a dangerous place for sailors, and at the same time one of the most beautiful places for diving and all this is due to the unique coral reefs that are home to a wide range of creatures.
The second place-Red Sea
The Red Sea is a truly magnificent place. It has rich fish stocks, a huge number of amazing creatures live in it, and the underwater world is exceptionally rich, which makes it one of the most attractive destinations for divers around the world.
The third place-Caribbean
This is the warmest exotic(异域风情的)place where not only the sea but also the plants on its coast please the eye. It’s located between North and South America, and on its shore there are a number of small countries. Many tourists come here, because rest here is inexpensive, and you can experience different cultural traditions.
The fourth place-Bali Sea
The Bali Sea is located in the Pacific Ocean. This is another paradise(天堂)for relaxation, receiving many tourists every season. The sea has a warm climate, creating ideal conditions for relaxing on the islands of Java, Sulawesi, Sumbawa and Madura.
21. Where should you go if you like diving and various sea creatures?
A. Red Sea and Bali Sea. B. Caribbean and Bali Sea.
C. Coral Sea and Red Sea. D. Coral Sea and Caribbean.
22. Why do many visitors come to the Caribbean?
A. To appreciate different cultures at a lower cost.
B. To take a close look at a number of wild plants.
C. To look for more corals and the best places to dive.
D. To relax on the islands of Java, Sulawesi and so on.
23. What makes Bali Sea a paradise?
A. Its coast. B. Its islands. C. Its tourists. D. Its climate.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上四处美丽的海域。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Coral Sea is a dangerous place for sailors, and at the same time one of the most beautiful places for diving and all this is due to the unique coral reefs that are home to a wide range of creatures.（珊瑚海对水手来说是一个危险的地方，同时也是潜水最美丽的地方之一，这一切都是由于独特的珊瑚礁是各种生物的家园。）”以及第三段中“The Red Sea is a truly magnificent place. It has rich fish stocks, a huge number of amazing creatures live in it, and the underwater world is exceptionally rich, which makes it one of the most attractive destinations for divers around the world.（红海是一个真正壮丽的地方。它有丰富的鱼类资源，有大量令人惊叹的生物生活在其中，水下世界异常丰富，这使它成为世界各地潜水员最具吸引力的目的地之一。）”可知，如果你喜欢潜水或各种海洋生物，就应该到珊瑚海和红海，故选择C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句“Many tourists come here, because rest here is inexpensive, and you can experience different cultural traditions.（许多游客来到这里，因为在这里度假很便宜，你可以体验不同的文化传统。）”可知，很多游客来加勒比海是因为可以以更低的成本欣赏不同的文化，故选择A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This is another paradise(天堂)for relaxation, receiving many tourists every season. The sea has a warm climate, creating ideal conditions for relaxing on the islands of Java, Sulawesi, Sumbawa and Madura（这是另一个度假的天堂，每个季节都会接待许多游客。大海气候温暖，为在爪哇岛、苏拉威西岛、松巴哇岛和马杜拉岛上放松创造了理想的条件）”可知，巴厘海之所以成为度假天堂是因为这里的气候，故选择D项。
B
On October 27,2020, my friend and I boarded the first flight of our journey from Vancouver Island, to Peru, South America.
Twenty-four hours and four airports later we landed in Cusco, Peru, a city of one million people. Coming from Vancouver Island with only 100 feet above sea level, we knew that we were now at a much higher altitude (海拔) — over 11,000 feet — and needed time to get used to the scarcer oxygen (缺氧) levels! We followed the advice of other travellers and the locals: drink lots of coca leaf tea and rest for a couple of hours before any activity.
We were soon hiking through the ruins (遗迹) and surrounding ancient castles of Cusco. Leaving Cusco the next day, we stopped at the Moray Ruins, which were used for farming by the Incas. Their size and unique design should be considered a lesson in historical engineering skills. This Inca site is one of the least known tourist destinations, but it’s one of the most interesting places to visit.
Arriving in the beautiful Sacred Valley, we stayed at Willka T’ika for the next week. This place is wonderful. We enjoyed delicious vegetarian meals, all made with local produce by loving Quechua people.
You can’t go to Peru without visiting historic Machu Picchu. The “road”up to the ruins is made up of an endless series of switchbacks (急转弯), resulting in cold sweats. It was worth the ride, though.
It was too soon before we were leaving Peru. We learned the unique history of Inca, Quechua culture, and the farming methods still widely practiced. The best thing we took away returning home to Vancouver Island was how simple and caring the people are and how deeply they love the earth and everyone they meet.
24. Why did the author drink lots of coca leaf tea?
A. To have a good rest. B. To follow the local custom.
C. To feel better at a greater height. D. To avoid getting thirsty on the way.
25. What does the author think of the Moray Ruins?
A. They’re known to most travel lovers. B. They’re not as interesting as expected.
C. They’re no longer suitable for farming. D. They’re an example of creative engineering.
26. Which can best describe the author’s trip to Machu Picchu?
A. Safe but tiring. B. Risky but worthwhile.
C. Pleasant and interesting. D. Comfortable and wonderful.
27. How does the author’s trip to Peru influence him?
A. It encourages him to be more caring.
B. It helps him understand his own culture.
C. It teaches him to accept all the differences.
D. It allows him to experience modern farming.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者和朋友的南美洲秘鲁之旅中的见闻感悟。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Coming from Vancouver Island with only 100 feet above sea level, we knew that we were now at a much higher altitude (海拔) — over 11,000 feet — and needed time to get used to the scarcer oxygen (缺氧) levels! We followed the advice of other travellers and the locals: drink lots of coca leaf tea and rest for a couple of hours before any activity. (来自海拔仅100英尺的温哥华岛，我们知道我们现在处于更高的海拔——超过11,000英尺——并且需要时间来适应更稀缺的氧气水平！我们遵循了其他旅行者和当地人的建议：喝大量的古柯叶茶，并在任何活动前休息几个小时。)”可知，喝大量的古柯叶茶可以缓解高原反应。故选C项。
25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Leaving Cusco the next day, we stopped at the Moray Ruins, which were used for farming by the Incas. Their size and unique design should be considered a lesson in historical engineering skills. (第二天离开库斯科，我们在印加人用于耕种的海鳗遗址停留。它们的大小和独特的设计应该被视为历史工程技能的一课。)”可知，海鳗遗址原来用于耕种，其设计很有意义，可称之为历史工程技能的一课，与D项“They’re an example of creative engineering. (它们是创造性工程的一个例子。)”意思相符，故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“You can’t go to Peru without visiting historic Machu Picchu. The ‘road’ up to the ruins is made up of an endless series of switchbacks (急转弯), resulting in cold sweats. It was worth the ride, though. (去秘鲁一定要参观历史名胜Machu Picchu。通往废墟的‘路’是由无尽的急转弯组成的，会导致出一身冷汗。不过，这趟旅程是值得的。)”可知，作者眼中的Machu Picchu之行会让你吓出一身冷汗，但是也很值得。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“The best thing we took away returning home to Vancouver Island was how simple and caring the people are and how deeply they love the earth and everyone they meet. (回到温哥华岛，我们带走的最好的东西是人们是多么简单和关怀，以及他们多么热爱地球和他们遇到的每个人。)”可知，这次秘鲁的旅行使作者感受到了那里的人们的简单和关怀，并鼓励他也变得更有爱心。故选A项。
C
In mid-August, Hou Changliang and Lei Yudan finally held their wedding ceremony at Hou’s hometown in Shaoyang, central China’s Hunan Province.
During the past 11 years, Hou has been traveling and teaching in rural schools across three provinces in Southwest China. In 2011, he signed up for a program, funded by government agencies since 2003. The programme sends col graduates to China’s underdeveloped western regions to work for one to three years in different fields, such as education, agriculture and rural management.
Born into a rural family, Hou knows how life-changing education can be for a rural kid. When most young people were competing for places in big cities, Hou headed deep into the mountains. For Hou, the most difficult aspect of teaching in a remote village was not the poor working conditions or the low income that came with it. For two years, he batted to end the alarming dropout rate among his students in Dahua, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
Locals often saw little reason to support school education for their children, especially girls. “The number of students tended to decrease after winter vacations” said Hou. “After the Chinese New Year, some were brought to big cities to work when they were old enough.”
Since the 1990s, working in cities has gradually become the main way of employment for rural laborers. Working in cities becomes the most popular pat for young people from rural regions to earn an income and become independent early, but at the cost of their education.
Studies into the high drop-out rate of rural students in middle school show that students from poor families often feel anxious about the burden of education on their parents and are more likely to drop out when they have poor grades.
“If I can’t change the parents’ mind, at least I can change the mind of my students-the future parents,” said Hou.
28. What is the purpose of the programme in China’s underdeveloped western regions?
A. To develop tourism. B. To advance education.
C. To help with the rural development. D. To provide jobs for college graduates.
29. What problem did Hou find most difficult to solve?
A. The poor pay. B. The fierce competition.
C. The high drop-out rate. D. The hard working conditions.
30. What can we learn about rural students from the last two paragraphs?
A. They tend to obey their parents. B. Their mind needs to be changed.
C. They feel great pressure to study. D. Their grades are generally poor.
31. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. Battle for a change B. Volunteer as a teacher
C. Poverty stands in the way D. Education makes a difference
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了侯长亮在中国西南部支教的故事。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“ The programme sends col graduates to China’s underdeveloped western regions to work for one to three years in different fields, such as education, agriculture and rural management.（该项目将大学毕业生送往中国欠发达的西部地区，在教育、农业和农村管理等不同领域工作一到三年。）”可知，这一项目主要是为了帮助不发达地区的发展，故选择C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“For Hou, the most difficult aspect of teaching in a remote village was not the poor working conditions or the low income that came with it. For two years, he batted to end the alarming dropout rate among his students in Dahua, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.（对侯来说，在一个偏远的村庄教书最困难的方面不是恶劣的工作条件或随之而来的低收入。两年来，他努力结束了广西壮族自治区大华学生惊人的辍学率。）”可知，对于侯长亮来说最大的困难是高辍学率，故选择C项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““If I can’t change the parents’ mind, at least I can change the mind of my students-the future parents,” said Hou（侯说：“如果我不能改变家长的想法，至少我可以改变我的学生——未来的家长的想法。”）”可知，贫困地区学生的观念有待改变，故选择B项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文对于侯长亮在西南支教期间努力技术当地的高辍学率的介绍以及最后一段““If I can’t change the parents’ mind, at least I can change the mind of my students-the future parents,” said Hou（侯说：“如果我不能改变家长的想法，至少我可以改变我的学生——未来的家长的想法。”）”可知，使用A项Battle for a change“为改变而战”符合题意，故选择A项。
D
Japan is a nation that values silence and good manners. Yet, when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be the loudest in the world.
According to lifestyle website Grapee.jp, slurping (发出喷喷声) when eating noodles is encouraged in Japanese culture. It’s believed that taking air into your mouth can improve the flavor of the noodles and help cool down the food. It’s also considered to be a way to show your preference for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable.
It was not until a new expression — “noodle harassment” — came out on social media that Japanese people started to realize the problem. They found that the slurping noise was making some foreign visitors uncomfortable.
As a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise-canceling fork last month. The fork looks like an electric toothbrush. It is connected wirelessly to a smartphone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork will send a signal to the person’s phone. Then the phone will play a sound to cover the slurping noise.
But is it really necessary? Dining traditions and table manners do vary. In India, people eat with their hands. They think they build a connection with the food in this way. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it unacceptable to get their hands covered in oil or sauce. But this eating method is part of India’s culture, just as Japan’s slurping is part of its own.
“So, if you are eating noodles, please slurp as you like,” wrote a Japanese food blogger. “If anyone gets annoyed while you are doing that, ignore them. They’re missing the point entirely.”
32. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. The importance of Japanese culture. B. The way to improve the taste of noodles.
C. The description of cooling down hot noodles. D. The reasons for slurping when eating noodles.
33. What does the underlined word “harassment” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Annoyance. B. Anxiety. C. Politeness. D. Preference.
34. How does the noise-canceling fork work?
A. The fork turns down the slurping noise.
B. The fork reminds the user to stop slurping.
C. The fork signals the smartphone to hide the noise.
D. The fork could be changed into a silent toothbrush.
35. Why does the author mention people in India in paragraph 5?
A. To show that forks are unnecessary. B. To give an example of cultural differences.
C. To share a possible solution to slurping. D. To introduce specific food culture of India.
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了日本人吃面条发出喷喷声的这一文化现象以及产生的影响，告诉我们要尊重饮食文化差异。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“According to lifestyle website Grapee.jp, slurping (发出喷喷声) when eating noodles is encouraged in Japanese culture. It’s believed that taking air into your mouth can improve the flavor of the noodles and help cool down the food. It’s also considered to be a way to show your preference for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable.(据生活方式网站grape.jp报道，日本文化鼓励吃面条时发出声音。人们认为，将空气吸入口中可以改善面条的味道，帮助食物降温。这也被认为是一种表达你对这道菜偏好的方式。有时候，仅仅是发出声音似乎就能让面条变得更美味)”可知，第二段的主旨是吃面条时发出声音的原因。故选D。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段“They found that the slurping noise was making some foreign visitors uncomfortable. (他们发现这种声音让一些外国游客感到不舒服)”可知，这种喷喷声已经影响到外国游客并让他们感觉不舒服，即让人们感觉烦恼，由此可推测出划线部分“harassment”是负面含义，意为“烦恼”。结合选项：A. Annoyance烦恼，生气；B. Anxiety焦虑；C. Politeness礼貌；D. Preference偏爱。A选项与harassment词义相近。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The fork looks like an electric toothbrush. It is connected wirelessly to a smartphone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork will send a signal to the person’s phone. Then the phone will play a sound to mask the slurping noise. (该叉子看起来像电动牙刷。它与智能手机无线连接。当使用叉子人开始发出声音时，叉子会向这个人的手机发送一个信号。然后手机会播放一种声音来掩盖喷喷声)”可知，消音叉的运作模式是：手机接收消音叉发出的信号，然后手机会播放声音去掩盖喷喷声，故选C。
35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“But is it really necessary? Dining traditions and table manners do vary. In India, people eat with their hands. They think they build a connection with the food in this way. However, people who are used to eating with forks might find it unacceptable to get their hands covered in oil or sauce. But this eating method is part of India’s culture, just like Japan’s slurping is part of its own. (但这真的有必要吗？饮食传统和餐桌礼仪确实各不相同。在印度，人们用手吃东西。他们认为他们通过这种方式与食物建立了一种联系。然而，习惯用叉子吃饭的人可能会觉得手沾满油或酱是不可接受的。但这种饮食方式是印度文化的一部分，就像日本人吃东西发出的喷喷声是自己文化的一部分一样)”可知作者提及印度人的原因就是为了强调不同文化中饮食习惯和餐桌礼仪是有差异的，而这种差异是一种正常现象。故选B。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to mend a broken friendship? It may be hard, but fixing a broken friendship will make it even stronger than before. Here are some tips that will be useful.
Be the one to reach out before the other.
____36____Let it be you this time. It will show them that you want to be friends again, and you’re serious about resolving things. Think about how you can reach them. Depending on the person and the severity of your argument, you may need to try a few different ways to get in touch.
____37____
If your friend refuses to see or speak with you, or visiting them in person isn’t an option, you may want to just back off for a while. Your friend wants space and that should be respected. Use the time to reflect on the situation and prepare what you want to say. Don’t push your friend if it’s clear they want space. It will only upset them and make them frustrated with you.
Talk about the problem honestly and openly.
Explain what you feel is the problem and be honest about it. Then ask them to do the same. Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don’t interrupt them.____38____
Apologize to them and accept their apology
Even if you didn’t do anything and you believe the situation is their fault, opening with an apology sets the tone. You could say “I’m really sorry things have gotten to this point. I want things to be better between us.” If you did wrong them in some way, apologize to them sincerely.____39____
Avoid restarting an argument.
It’s important that you don’t say or do anything hurtful during this conversation.____40____so do your best to keep things peaceful. If things get heated, don’t allow them to escalate.
A. Let go of your anger or frustration.
B. Respect your friend’s need for space.
C. If they apologize to you, accept their apology.
D. Come up with a plan for rebuilding the friendship.
E. Argument will only further damage the friendship and make things worse.
F. If you aren’t talking to each other, someone will have to make the first move.
G. This way you both get to tell your side of the story and get everything out on the table.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. G 39. C 40. E
【解析】
【导语】

【36题详解】
根据小标题“Be the one to reach out before the other.（成为先于另一个伸出友谊至之手的人。）”和下文“Let it be you this time. （这次就交给你吧。）”可知，这一段的建议是做一个先去和对方接触，交朋友的人，横线处要和这个建议相关，F选项“If you aren’t talking to each other, someone will have to make the first move.（如果您不互相交谈，则必须有人迈出第一步。）”和后文let it be you相承接，符合语境。故选F。
【37题详解】
横线处为这一段的小标题，由第三段“If your friend refuses to see or speak with you, or visiting them in person isn’t an option, you may want to just back off for a while. Your friend wants space and that should be respected. Use the time to reflect on the situation and prepare what you want to say. Don’t push your friend if it’s clear they want space. It will only upset them and make them frustrated with you.（如果你的朋友拒绝见你或和你说话，或者亲自拜访他们不是一种选择，你可能想退后一段时间。你的朋友想要空间，这应该得到尊重。利用时间反思情况并准备你想说的话。如果很明显他们想要空间，不要强迫你的朋友。这只会让他们心烦意乱，让他们对你感到沮丧。）”可知，在朋友不想交流时，要给对方想要的空间，所以这一条建议应该与尊重对方，给对方相应的空间有关，B选项符合语境。故选B。
【38题详解】
由小标题“Talk about the problem honestly and openly.（开诚布公地谈论问题。）”和上文“Let them talk for as long as they need to. Really listen and don’t interrupt them（让他们聊多久就聊多久。真正倾听，不要打断他们。）”可知，横线处要与这条建议相关同时能够承接上文，G选项的 this way对应上文的认真聆听，不打断谈话相匹配。故选G。
【39题详解】
由小标题“Apologize to them and accept their apology.（向他们道歉并接受他们的道歉。）”和上文“If you did wrong them in some way, apologize to them sincerely.（如果您在某些方面做错了，请真诚地向他们道歉。）”可知，横线处的句子要与接受别人的道歉相关。C选项符合语境。故选C。
【40题详解】
根据小标题“Avoid restarting an argument.（避免重新引发争论。）”和上文“It’s important that you don’t say or do anything hurtful during this conversation.（在这次谈话中不要说或做任何伤害性的事情，这一点很重要）”以及下文“so do your best to keep things peaceful.（所以尽你所能保持和平。）”可知，横线处的句子要承上启下且和避免争吵的主题相关，E选项符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36~55各题所给的A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At middle school, I found it challenging to run around the playground. I was always one of the students ____41____ to cross the finish line. One day, my friend asked me if I would like to run a 10K event with him. My first reaction was, “No way! I hate ____42____”.
Over the weekend, I thought about his ____43____. I thought, “Why do I hate it when I haven’t done it since Grade 7 in middle school?” In the end I decided I should have a(n)____44____.
I told my friend I would like to join the 10K event with him. He ____45____ me to tur to the Internet for a running programme to help me learn how to run. After some research,____46____ I chose a 14-week running plan that would teach me how to run for 30 minutes non-stop. I had to run three times a week for different lengths of ____47____. As the weeks went on, I could run for longer periods. I enjoyed following the plan as I could see ____48____ in my running each week. I went from being ____49____ to run for more than 30 seconds to running for over 30 minutes! My younger self would not have ____50____ it.
On the day of the 10K running event, I was both excited and ____51____. It was the first time that I had put my new skills into practice. I lined up with other ____52____. My friends and family came to support me. With their encouragement and my training, I ____53____ to finish the 10K in 72 minutes. It was ____54____ but I felt very proud of having tried It.
From this experience I learned that it was a good idea to try something before saying “I hate it!” It turned out that I ____55____ running.
41. A. forced B. determined C. choosing D. failing
42. A. competing B. testing C. running D. exercising
43. A. suggestion B. plan C. choice D. task
44. A. examination B. try C. look D. chance
45. A. expected B. advised C. forced D. allowed
46. A. directly B. unwillingly C. surprisingly D. finally
47. A. preparation B. time C. distance D. training
48. A. improvements B. dreams C. efforts D. prizes
49. A. unable B. ready C. unfortunate D. anxious
50. A. accepted B. affected C. believed D. admitted
51. A. satisfied B. regretful C. confident D. nervous
52. A. classmates B. winners C. friends D. athletes
53. A. pretended B. had C. managed D. longed
54. A. valuable B. comfortable C. difficult D. strange
55. A. understood B. enjoyed C. mistook D. remembered
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. D 53. C 54. C 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述最开始害怕跑步，但通过自己不断练习并参加10千米跑步项目后爱上了跑步。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是没能冲过终点线的学生之一。A. forced迫使；B. determined决定；C. choosing选择；D. failing失败。根据上文“At middle school, I found it challenging to run around the playground.(在中学时，我发现在操场上跑来跑去很有挑战性)”可知，作者觉得运动有挑战性是因为作者总是没能冲过终点线的学生之一。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的第一反应是：“不可能！我讨厌跑步。”A. competing竞争；B. testing测试；C. running跑步；D. exercising锻炼。由前文“I was always one of the last students to cross the finish line”及“if I would like to run a 10K event with him”可知，作者朋友邀请他跑步，但作者拒绝了，他讨厌“跑步”。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周末，我想到了他的建议。A. suggestion建议；B. plan计划；C. choice选择；D. task任务。由前文“my friend asked me if I would like to run a 10K event with him”可知，作者又想到了他的“建议”。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我决定我应该试一试。A. examination考试；B. try尝试；C. look外观；D. chance机会。由后文“I told my friend I would like to join the 10K event with him. ”可知，作者想“尝试”一下跑步。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他建议我在网上找一个跑步程序来帮助我学习如何跑步。A. expected期待；B. advised建议；C. forced强制；D. allowed允许。由后文“to help me learn how to run”可知，作者朋友“建议”他观看跑步节目来学习跑步。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过研究，最后，我选择了一个14周的跑步计划，它可以教我如何不间断地跑30分钟。A. directly直接地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. finally最后。由前文“He…me to turn to the Internet for a running programme”可知，在网上挑选之后，作者“最后”选择了一个14周的跑步计划。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我必须每周跑三次，每次跑的时间不同。A. preparation准备；B. time时间；C. distance距离；D. training训练。由后文“to run for more than 30 seconds to running for over 30 minutes”可知，作者跑步的“时”长不同。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很享受按照计划进行，因为我每周都能看到跑步的进步。 A. improvements改进；B. dreams梦想；C. efforts努力；D. prizes奖品。由前文“I could run for longer periods”可知，作者在跑步上有所“改进”。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从不能跑30秒多变成了跑30分钟多！A. unable不能胜任的；B. ready预先备好的；C. unfortunate不幸的；D. anxious焦虑的。由后文“to running for over 30 minutes”可知，作者在跑步上有改善，原本“不能”跑30秒，现在能超过30分钟了。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻时的我是不会相信的。 A. accepted接受；B. affected影响；C. believed相信；D. admitted承认。由前文“No way! I hate”可知，作者以前都无法“相信”自己能做到。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在10公里跑步比赛的那天，我既兴奋又紧张。A. satisfied满意的；B. regretted遗憾的；C. confident自信的；D. nervous神经紧张的。由后文“It was the first time I had apply my new skills to practice.”可知，作者应该有点“紧张”。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和其他选手一起排在起跑线上。A. classmates同学；B. winners优胜者；C. friends朋友；D. athletes选手。由前文“On the day of the 10K running event ”可知，作者和其他“选手。”一起准备起跑。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的鼓励和我的训练下，我设法在72分钟内完成了10公里。A. pretended假装；B. had有；C. managed设法做到；D. longed渴望。由后文“finish the 10K in 72 minutes”，可知作者“设法做到”了。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很难，但我为自己尝试过而感到骄傲。A. valuable有价值的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. difficult困难的；D. strange奇怪的。由“but I felt very proud of having tried It”中but表转折可知，整个过程很“困难”，但作者做到了且很自豪。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果我喜爱上了跑步。A. understood理解；B. enjoyed喜爱；C. mistook误会；D. remembered记住。由上文“From this experience”且结合上文可知，通过这次经历，作者“喜爱”上跑步。故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷
第一节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Waving her 5-year-old daughter goodbye, Wang Yaping, together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu,____56____ (go) into space aboard the Shenzhou XIII on Oct 16.
The 41-year-old Wang became the first female astronaut ____57____(enter) Tiangong space station. Her space dream started in 2003, ____58____ China set first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. She to herself, China now has a male astronaut. When will there be a female one? Just ____59____ that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army.
To become an astronaut, she trained herself hard. Finally in 2013, she ____60____(choose) to be the only female astronaut.
Wang said that as astronauts, women had ____61____(they) own advantages. “Women are likely to be more patient and can better deal with ____62____(lonely) and women’s hearts are also easier to get used to the ____63____(weight) environment.”
US astronaut Coleman sent her a greeting: “When you look out of the window ____64____ see the stars and the Earth, millions of women will be looking out of that window with you!” Wang carries the spirit of young women ____65____ dream of something big.
【答案】56. went
57. to enter
58. when 59. at
60. was chosen
61. their 62. loneliness
63. weightless
64. and 65. who##that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了中国第一位女宇航员王亚萍的事迹及其意义。
【56题详解】
考查时态。句意：10月16日，与5岁的女儿挥手告别，王亚萍与翟志刚和叶光富一起，乘坐神舟十三号进入太空。根据时间状语on Oct 16以及下文时态可知，陈述过去所发生的事情要使用一般过去时，故填went。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：41岁的王女士成为第一位进入天宫空间站的女宇航员。分析句子结构可知，名词被序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语，故填to enter。
【58题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她的太空梦始于2003年，当时中国将第一位宇航员杨利伟送入太空。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了非限制性定语从句，先行词是2003，在从句中作时间状语，要使用关系副词when，故填when。
【59题详解】
考查介词。句意：在那时，王是中国军队的一名飞行员。短语at that time“在那时”符合题意，故填at。
【60题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：最终在2013年，她被选为唯一的女宇航员。结合句意分析句子结构可知，she与choose之间为被动关系，且陈述过去所发生的事情要使用一般过去时，因此此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，故填was chosen。
【61题详解】
考查代词。句意：王说，作为宇航员，女性有自己的优势。分析句子结构可知，此处要使用形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰名词advantages，故填their。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：女性可能更有耐心，能够更好地应对孤独，女性的心脏也更容易适应失重的环境。分析句子结构可知，此处需要使用名词作宾语，故填loneliness。
【63题详解】
考查形容词。句意：女性可能更有耐心，能够更好地应对孤独，女性的心脏也更容易适应失重的环境。根系句子结构可知，此处使用形容词作定语，weightless“失重的”符合句意，故填wieghtless。
【64题详解】
考查连词。句意：当你向窗外望去，看到星星和地球时，数百万女性将与你一起向窗外看！结合句意分析句子结构可知，此处使用并列连词and，并列连接两个谓语动词look out of和see，故填and。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：王承载着拥有远大梦想的年轻女性们的精神。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了限制性定语从句，先行词为young women，指人，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who/that引导从句，故填who/that。
第二节单词拼写(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
66. It is a good idea to a______(应用) what you have learned to practice.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】apply##pply
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：把你学到的东西应用到实践中是一个好主意。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词apply，此处为不定式作真正主语，it作形式主语。故填apply。
67. We e______(交换)our seats once a week to protect our eyesight. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】exchange##xchange
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了保护视力，我们每周交换一次座位。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词exchange，作谓语，根据后文once a week可知为一般现在时，主语为we，谓语用原形。故填exchange。
68. He gets nervous when he is in u______(不熟悉的)surroundings. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】unfamiliar##nfamiliar
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当他身处陌生的环境时，他会感到紧张。分析句子结构可知，此处要使用形容词作定语，不熟悉的应用“unfamiliar”，故填unfamiliar。
69. It is important to keep in c______(联系)with parents when you are away from home. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】contact##ontact
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：当你不在家的时候，和父母保持联系是很重要的。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填名词contact，作宾语，keep in touch with固定搭配，意为“与……保持联系”。故填contact。
70. As you a______(靠近)the town, you will see the college on the left. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】approach##pproach
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：当你接近城镇时，你会在左边看到那所学院。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词approach，此处为主将从现，为一般现在时，主语为you，谓语用原形。故填approach。
71. Her grandchildren were always a great c______(安慰) to her. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】comfort##omfort
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她的孙子们总是给她很大的安慰。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填名词comfort，作表语，冠词提示用单数。故填comfort。
72. Our weekly presentations have been so i______(鼓舞人心的). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】inspiring/inspirational
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们每周的演讲都很鼓舞人心。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填形容词inspiring或inspirational，作表语。故填inspiring/inspirational。
73. All that noise makes it hard to c______(集中注意力). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】concentrate##oncentrate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：所有的噪音使人很难集中注意力。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词concentrate，且上文为hard to do sth.(做某事很难)。故填concentrate。
74. The unexpected big fire d______(破坏)everything in the village. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】destroyed##estroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：那场突如其来的大火烧毁了村子里的一切。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词destroy，作谓语，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填destroyed。
75. Resources that can be acquired are actually l______(有限的). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】limited##imited
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：可以获得的资源实际上是有限的。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，limited有限的，形容词作表语，符合题意。故填limited。
76. Will robots ever completely r______(代替)humans in some fields? (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】replace##eplace
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：机器人会在某些领域完全取代人类吗？根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词replace，结合will可知为一般将来时。故填replace。
77. They o______(原来) planned to fix the old car, but later they decided to buy a new one. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】originally##riginally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他们最初计划修理旧车，但后来他们决定买一辆新车。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词planned，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，此处表示“原来”应为originally。故填originally。
78. All the students that p______(参加)in the activity had a chance to cook for friends. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】participated##articipated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：所有参加活动的学生都有机会为朋友做饭。此处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词participate，结合后文had可知为一般过去时。故填participated。
79. It is never easy to p______(说服)him into buying something not on his list. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】persuade##ersuade
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：说服他买一些不在他的清单上的东西从来都不是一件容易的事。分析句子结构可知，此处应为动词原形，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，此处表示“说服”应为persuade，且表示主动意义。故填persuade。
80. They decided to r______(推荐) her to be the manager for her excellent performance. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】recommend##ecommend
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于她表现出色，他们决定推荐她为经理。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词recommend，此处为短语decide to do sth.，不定式作宾语。故填recommend。
第三节 写作(满分25分)
81. 假定你是李华。为庆祝校园“美食文化节”，你校学生会上周五举办了一次“美食街活动”，请你给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.参加人员；
2.具体活动；
3.活动感受。
注意：
1.写作词数应为100左右；
2.文中不得出现真实学校、班级与姓名；
3.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：food market美食市场 stand摊位
A Bite of Food, a Taste of Culture
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
A Bite of Food, a Taste of Culture
A number of students took part in the Food and Culture Festival held in our school last Friday.
The festival was celebrated with a series of events. The most popular one was food market organized on the school playground. With dozens of stands lining up, diverse foods, ranging from home-made dishes to local snacks, were sold and bought. Customers were even encouraged to tell stories behind the food for a discount. In the meanwhile, to encourage participants to have a try, a temporary kitchen, where common ingredients were available, was built.
The festival was well received and it is really “A Bite of Food, a Taste of Culture”. Not only does it provide a chance for students to relax, but it also helps spread food culture and promote labour education.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华。为庆祝校园“美食文化节”，你校学生会上周五举办了一次“美食街活动”，请你给校英文报写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take part in→participate in
机会：chance→opportunity
促进：promote→improve
各种各样的：diverse→various
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A number of students took part in the Food and Culture Festival held in our school last Friday.
拓展句：A number of students took part in the Food and Culture Festival, which was held in our school last Friday.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In the meanwhile, to encourage participants to have a try, a temporary kitchen, where common ingredients were available, was built. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Not only does it provide a chance for students to relax, but it also helps spread food culture and promote labour education. (not only...but also连接句子时，not only位于句首，该部分用部分倒装)