2023-2024学年广东省江门市新会第一中学高三上学期8月开学考试英语试题含解析+听力

这是一份2023-2024学年广东省江门市新会第一中学高三上学期8月开学考试英语试题含解析+听力，共1页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

试卷满分150分(笔试部分130，上机听说20分)，笔试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的班别、姓名、学号、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上，写在本试卷上无效。
一、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Laura encurages her tw kids t make crafts and drawings frm ld bits f packaging. She began ____1____ her family’s waste when she mved huse and decided that she wuld leave all single-use ____2____ behind.
“It’s cheaper and yu knw that the item will ____3____ being used instead f being set aside — s it’s just perfect! Each f us play a big ____4____ in taking care f the envirnment. It’s ____5____ t try t help rather than just keep cmplaining abut the current situatin.”
Any glass cntainer is ____6____ and repurpsed fr smething else. This means that the family nly send a piece f ____7____ t landfill every tw weeks n average. She tries nt t buy any plastic at all, but when she des, she will get it ____8____ washed and recycled.
The family als grw their wn tmates, lettuce, and sme ther vegetables in the garden, and have range trees utdrs. Laura has als ____9____ herself in a cmmunity f friends wh _____10_____ items with each ther that they need, like furniture r plates.
She said, “We tried t use the minimum _____11_____ and take ver sme tys and baby equipment frm friends and relatives. If we really had t _____12_____ anything, first we tried at the _____13_____ market.”
T help educate her kids, Laura takes them ut n nature walks t the frest where they _____14_____ rubbish as they g. “They enjy this _____15_____, because they knw it’s better fr the envirnment,” she said.
1. A. cnsideringB. reducingC. analyzingD. dividing
2. A. ptsB. handlesC. itemsD. cllectins
3. A. cntinueB. stpC. fancyD. delay
4. A. gameB. leadC. matchD. rle
5. A. riginalB. enjyableC. cautiusD. nrmal
6. A. attended tB. left utC. washed upD. taken away
7. A. equipmentB. furnitureC. glassD. rubbish
8. A. thrughlyB. delightedlyC. mdestlyD. accidentally
9. A. devtedB. fundC. expsedD. buried
10. A. shareB. tradeC. discussD. clarify
11. A. necessaryB. valuableC. rdinaryD. pssible
12 A. purchaseB. discverC. apprachD. preserve
13. A. far-awayB. duty-freeC. secnd-handD. life-lng
14. A. pull utB. pick upC. hld backD. keep ff
15. A. activityB. ideaC. themeD. jungle
二、阅读理解(共两节，满分47.5分)
第一节 阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2.5分，满分35分)
A
Rachel Hre’s fascinating nvels mve between the past and the present. Her latest The Huse n Bellevue Gardens is set in Lndn nw and in the early 1960s.
Best-selling authr Rachel Hre’s previus nvels include The Glass Painter’s Daughter, which was shrtlisted(入围) fr the 2010 Rmantic Nvel f the Year award, and A Gathering Strm, which was shrtlisted fr the 2012 Histrical Nvel f the Year award.
Here, she shares three bks that made an impact n her life.
Orland
by Virginia Wlf
Reading Orland fr the first time in my late teens gave me a wnderful sense f freedm and the pssibilities that a life full f bks can ffer. Frever yung Orland pssesses “the strength f a man and a wman’s grace”.
He lives thrugh fur centuries and has many disguises; smetimes he even changes his gender.
It was an excellent literary wrk thrugh histry that excited and inspired me.
Flight Behaviur
by Barbara Kingslver
I’ve read many f Barbara Kingslver’s nvels, including her well-knwn The Pisnwd Bible, admiring hw easily she writes abut the pwer and beauty f the natural wrld, f which humanity is a dependent part.
I particularly lve Flight Behaviur because she engages the reader easily with an ambitius subject fr fictin — climate change.
Her stry makes us all care abut what we are ding t ur wrld.
The Hawk in the Rain
by Ted Hughes
We were given The Thught Fx t read at schl and I was s deeply impressed with its central image f the fx in the snw inspiring the pem that I spent that week’s mney n the bk it appears in. I read and re-read it and was amazed!
I lved the writer’s technique f descriptin, as well as the energy, the vilence and the sensuusness (敏感) f thse pems.
Everyne shuld have their ‘discvery f petry’ mment, and mine was Ted Hughes.
16. Which f the fllwing bks was shrtlisted fr the 2012 Histrical Nvel f the Year award?
A. The Huse n Bellevue Gardens.B. The Glass Painter’s Daughter.
C. A Gathering Strm.D. Flight Behaviur.
17. Which bk did Rachel Hre read when she was in her late teens?
A. Flight Behaviur.B. Orland.
C The Pisnwd Bible.D. The Hawk in the Rain.
18. Fr what des Rachel Hre admire Barbara Kingslver?
A. The tpic f her nvel.
B. Hw she writes abut the pwer and beauty f the natural wrld.
C. Hw her nvels excite and inspire readers.
D. Her technique f descriptin.
B
When Jhn Tdd was a child, he lved t explre the wds arund his huse, bserving hw nature slved prblems. A dirty stream, fr example, ften became clear after flwing thrugh plants and alng rcks where tiny creatures lived. When he gt lder, Jhn started t wnder if this prcess culd be used t clean up the messes peple were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in cllege, Jhn went back t bserving nature and asking questins. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds f fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right cmbinatin f animals and plants, he figured, maybe he culd clean up waste the way nature did. He decided t build what he wuld later call an ec-machine.
The task Jhn set fr himself was t remve harmful substances frm sme sludge (污泥). First, he cnstructed a series f clear fiberglass tanks cnnected t each ther. Then he went arund t lcal pnds and streams and brught back sme plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds f life gt used t ne anther and frmed their wn ecsystem. After a few weeks, Jhn added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the ec-machine tk the sludge as fd and began t eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, Jhn has taken n many big jbs. He develped a greenhuse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) frm 1,600 hmes in Suth Burlingtn. He als designed an ec-machine t clean canal water in Fuzhu, a city in sutheast China.
“Eclgical design” is the name Jhn gives t what he des. “Life n Earth is kind f a bx f spare parts fr the inventr,” he says. “Yu put rganisms in new relatinships and bserve what’s happening. Then yu let these new systems develp their wn ways t self-repair.”
19. What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was fnd f traveling.B. He enjyed being alne.
C. He had an inquiring mind.D. He lnged t be a dctr.
20. Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?
A. T feed the animals.B. T build an ecsystem.
C. T prtect the plants.D. T test the ec-machine.
21. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Fuzhu?
A. T review Jhn’s research plans.B. T shw an applicatin f Jhn’s idea.
C. T cmpare Jhn’s different jbs.D. T erase dubts abut Jhn’s inventin.
22. What is the basis fr Jhn’s wrk?
A. Nature can repair itself.B. Organisms need water t survive.
C. Life n Earth is diverse.D. Mst tiny creatures live in grups.
C
Imprvements t energy efficiency, such as LED lights, are seen by many authrities as a tp pririty fr cutting carbn emissins. Yet a grwing bdy f research suggests that a rebund effect culd wipe ut mre than half f the savings frm energy efficiency imprvements, making the gals f the Paris Agreement n climate change even harder t hit.
A team led by Paul Brckway at the University f Leeds, UK, lked at the existing 33 studies n the impact f the rebund effect. First cmes the direct rebund: fr instance, when smene buys a mre efficient car, they may take advantage f that by driving it further. Then cmes the indirect rebund: fuel savings leave the wner with mre mney t spend elsewhere in the ecnmy, cnsuming energy.
Althugh the 33 studies used different methds t mdel the rebund effect, they prduced very cnsistent estimates f its impact, leading the team t cnclude that the effect wipes ut, n average, 63 percent f the anticipated energy savings.
“We’re nt saying energy efficiency desn’t wrk. What we’re saying is rebund needs t be taken mre seriusly,” says Brckway.
The idea that increased efficiency may nt deliver the hped-fr savings dates back t the Jevns paradx(悖论), named after the ecnmist William Stanley Jevns, wh, in 1865, bserved that mre efficient cal use led t mre demand fr cal.
If the rebund effect des prve t be as big as suggested, it means future glbal energy demand will be higher than expected and the wrld will need far mre wind and slar pwer and carbn-capture technlgy than is currently being planned fr.
But that desn’t mean nthing can be dne t limit the rebund effect. One answer is t duble dwn n energy efficiency and d twice as much t achieve the same effect.
23. Which f the fllwing is a rebund effect?
A. A man uses LED lights t cut carbn emissins.
B. A cmpany uses cal mre efficiently t reduce waste.
C. A family saves mney by using energy-saving devices.
D. A lady spends savings frm her fuel efficient car n mre clthes.
24. Hw did Paul Brckway’s team carry ut their research?
A. By interviewing ecnmists.
B. By analyzing frmer studies.
C. By mdeling the rebund effect.
D. By debating abut the Jevns paradx.
25. What wuld Paul Brckway prbably agree with?
A. Authrities shuld dismiss energy efficiency.
B. Wrldwide effrts t preserve energy are in vain.
C. The rebund effect helps prtect the envirnment.
D. Mre attentin shuld be paid t the rebund effect.
D
Vide calls are a cmmn ccurrence, but have yu imagined being able t tuch the persn n the ther end f the line? Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University f New Suth Wales, Australia, have invented a sft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense f tuch. Haptic technlgy mimics (模仿) the experience f tuch by stimulating small areas f the skin in ways that are similar t what is felt in the real wrld, thrugh frce, vibratin (震动) r mtin.
Vibratin is the mst cmmn haptic technlgy tday and has been built int many electrnic devices, such as ne attached t the back f a trackpad (触控板) in laptps, which mimics a buttn clicking. Hwever, haptic feedback with vibratin becmes less sensitive when used cntinuusly. The existing technlgy als has great difficulty recreating the sense f tuch with bjects in virtual envirnments r lcated remtely, accrding t Mai Thanh Thai, lead authr f the study.
The new technlgy vercmes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team intrduced a nvel methd t recreate the sense f tuch thrugh sft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directinal skin stretch device, built int the fingertips f the wearable haptic glve we als created, is like wearing a secnd skin — it’s sft, stretchable and mimics the sense f tuch — and will enable new frms f haptic cmmunicatin t enhance everyday activities,” said Thanh Nh D, senir authr f the study.
It wrks like this: Imagine yu are at hme and yu call yur friend wh is in Australia. Yu wear a haptic glve with the SSDs and yur friend als wears a glve with integrated (集成的) 3D frce sensrs. If yur friend picks up an bject, it will physically press against yur friend’s fingers. And his/her glve with 3D frce sensrs will measure these interactins. The frce signals can be sent t yur glve s yur device will generate the same 3D frces, making yu experience the same sense f tuch as yur friend.
The haptic devices culd be applied in varius scenaris, allwing users t feel bjects inside a virtual wrld r at a distance. This culd be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when peple rely n vide calls t stay cnnected with lved nes. Or it culd be used in medical practices. Dctrs can feel a patient’s rgan tissues with surgical tls withut tuching them.
26. What’s the main purpse f the text?
A. T encurage the use f a new prduct.
B. T infrm readers f a new inventin.
C. T cmpare different haptic devices.
D. T intrduce the develpment f haptic technlgy.
27. What can we learn abut the SSD?
A. It mimics the sense f tuch thrugh a trackpad.
B. It mainly uses vibratin technlgy.
C. It takes the shape f a glve.
D. It makes virtual haptic cmmunicatin pssible.
28. What des Paragraph 6 mainly talk abut?
A. The advantages f the new haptic glve.
B. The applicatins f the new haptic technlgy.
C. An explanatin f hw the haptic device wrks.
D. A persnal experience f using SSDs during a vide call.
29. Hw culd the new haptic device benefit peple?
A. It culd replace vide calls as a way t cmmunicate.
B. it culd be used fr recreating rgan tissues.
C. Dctrs culd perfrm surgeries at nce.
D. Users culd feel remte bjects in a realistic way.
第二节 七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Chsing a career is ne f thse imprtant decisins that can change the curse f yur life.____30____ Ample infrmatin and self-examinatin can help yu chse a satisfying career that yu will enjy fr years t cme. If yu feel cnfused abut picking a career, yu're nt alne. We're here t help!
Evaluate yur wrk style. The right career fr yu will be suited t yur wrk style. D yu need the discipline f a structured wrk envirnment t d yur best?____31____ There are, f curse, ther factrs that affect yur jb perfrmance. But, yur natural wrk style plays a big rle.
Identify yur skills. Every career requires a different skill set. Sales managers need great leadership skills, and teachers need t be able t cmmunicate effectively with bth students and parents.____32____List every talent and skill yu have, even if it desn't seem like it will help yu get a jb.
____33____ What d yu want ut f a career? D yu want t help ther peple? D yu want t travel? Hw much mney d yu want t make? Of curse, what yu want t achieve ften changes ver time, and things that were nce extremely imprtant becme less s.
Remember that things can change. There are a millin "Best Careers" lists ut there that will say yu shuld have a certain career because yu will make a certain amunt f mney with it. ____34____ There might be a lt f demand fr a jb nw, but what abut in 10 years? Dn't chse a jb just because it's number ne n a list smewhere. Things can change ver time, and the jb that was nce number ne might end up nt even making the list a few years frm nw.
A. Determine yur gals.
B. It deserves cnsiderable time and reflectin.
C. Take sme time t figure ut what yu're gd at.
D. Ask questins abut the advantages and disadvantages f the jb.
E. Or d yu like setting yur wn schedule and wrk independently?
F. Hwever, there's n way t ttally guarantee jb security and stability.
G. Are yu willing and able t put in that time and the mney that cmes with it?
三、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Singing is ne f thse universal actins that everyne can d fr fun, regardless f hw they sund. Accrding t recent studies _____35_____(cnduct) at Gethe University Frankfurt, sınging can be actually helpful t yur immune system. The study fcused _____36_____ a grup f peple wh sang in a prfessinal chir and discvered that the amunt f prteins in the bld that functin as antibdies(抗体) was _____37_____(bvius) higher after singing, s peple invlved in music culd be less likely _____38_____(get) sick.
Singing actually is the perfect physical exercise fr peple wh are injured, disabled r elderly. Nt nly ____39____(d) singing help increase yur lung capacity, but it helps stimulate circulatin. This can lead t better results when peple hit the gym thanks t the persn’s increased aerbic(有氧的) capacity and newfund physical r mental strength.
The simple truth is that singing makes yu happy. It releases endrphins(内啡肽), a chemical _____40_____ reduces pain and makes yu feel _____41_____(happy) and less stressed. Peple wh sing, especially in chirs and n the stage are knwn t have better scial skills and be lss lnely. _____42_____(stand) n the stage and perfrming can be tugh, _____43_____ when yu d it in a grup, it can help imprve yur sense f self as well as increase yur _____44_____(cnfident).
四、词形变化(共10个空，每空1.25分，满分1-2.5分)
用括号里单词的适当形式填空。
45. She put all her __________ (energy) int her wrk.(所给词的适当形式填空)
46. The public kept __________ (cmplain) abut the increase in the cst f health insurance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. The rm still has many f its _________ (rigin) features. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. Over the next several________(decade), she held many imprtant psitins. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. The legendary Dragn Gate was built using __________ (material) dnated frm China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. Tky and New Yrk are majr ________ (finance) centres.（用所给词的适当形式填空）
51. In recent years, they __________ (reflect) peple’s wishes and faiths. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. I __________ (abslute) enjyed the archery, t. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. The exact __________ (lcatin) are being kept secret fr reasns f security. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. With great enthusiasm, he talked abut hw he fund the animals and __________ (apprach) them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
五、写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
55. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Tm来信和你讨论他对太空探索的看法，他认为花巨资探索太空是没有必要的，请你据此给他写一封回信。内容包括：
(1)你对他观点的看法；
(2)你对太空探索的看法和理由。
注意：(1)词数80左右;
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Tm,
I have knwn yur ideas abut explring space.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The easy way ut isn't always easiest. I learned that lessn when I decided t treat my father t a special meal. I glanced thrugh the ckbk and chse a menu which included hmemade bread. Knwing the bread wuld take time, I started n it as sn as he left fr wrk.
As I was nt experienced in cking, I thught if a dzen was gd, tw dzen wuld be better, s I dubled everything. As Dad lved ranges, I als pened a can f range and pured it all int the bwl. Sn there was sticky dugh (面团) cvered with ugly yellwish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dugh in the rubbish bin utside s I wuldn't have t face him laughing at my wrk.
I went n preparing the rest f the meal, and, when Dad gt hme, we sat dwn t Crnish chicken with rice. He tried t enjy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he gt up and went utside, saying he thught he heard a nise. The third time he left, I went t the windws t see what he was ding.
Lking ut, I saw Dad standing abut three feet frm the rubbish bin, hlding the lid up with a stick and lking int the cntainer. When I came ut f the huse, he drpped the stick and explained that there was smething alive in the rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enugh fr me t see. I felt cld. But I stepped clser and lked harder.
Withut dubt it was my wrk. The ht sun had caused the dugh t duble in size and the. fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as thugh it were breathing. I had t admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there. I dn't knw wh was mre embarrassed by the whle thing, Dad r me.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My dad tapped me gently n the shulder, and we went inside.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At a party three mnths later, everyne wanted t try my bread.
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