2023-2024学年河南省洛阳市洛宁县高三上学期第二次月考英语试卷含答案

这是一份2023-2024学年河南省洛阳市洛宁县高三上学期第二次月考英语试卷含答案，共4页。
全卷共4页，四大题，分值120分
【注意事项】
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D )中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
一、阅读理解
（2023秋·浙江·高三校联考）The ebike has becme an essential item, and even the King has been sptted riding ne. Accrding t the market research cmpany Mintel, sales have almst tripled ver the past five years. While ebikes have becme increasingly cmmnplace, they are still undeniably expensive. Yu can pick up a perfectly adequate push bike fr £300, but mst ebikes cst nearly £2, 000. Nw, Cycling Electric, designed t help cnsumers chse an ebike, ffers the fllwing recmmendatins.
Best flding bike
Carb Mdel X
Price: £2, 799 | Weight: 13. 3kg
Range: up t 34 miles
This is ne f the mst cnvenient bikes, frm a little-knwn label. The lightweight Carb X is the perfect example f cnvenience thanks t its carbn frame and belt drive, instead f a metal bike chain. This makes it lighter and less likely t get messy than an electric Brmptn, with its mre traditinal, ily chain.
Mst stylish
Temple Cycles Classic
Price: frm £2, 995 | Weight: 19kg
Range: up t 74 miles
This Bristl-based brand is knwn fr its elegant pushbikes, which are hand-built in the city. This is its electric versin. It’s a very sleek and functinal cmmuter ptin and nt t heavy. Temples have fewer prprietary (品牌专卖的) parts and s are serviceable in any bike shp. Stylish as they may be, the VanMfs and the Cwbys can be a bit mre cmplex t get back-up and service.
The mney-n-bject ptin
Riese & Müller Nev4 GT Vari GX
Price: £5, 380 | Weight: 28. 4kg
Range: up t 93 miles
This is a prime example f the attentin t detail delivering a high-quality experience in functinality, cmfrt and practicality— if yu can affrd it. It has the capacity t handle 25kg f luggage in a pannier, pwerful rad lights and a beautifully smth mtr.
1．What is the advantage f the Temples ver ther stylish ebike brands?
A．They are mre lightweight.B．They have mre functins.
C．They have easier access t service.D．They are mre cmfrtable.
2．Which ebike will a cnsumer prbably chse, wh cares mst abut an excellent experience?
A．Carb Mdel X. B．The VanMfs and the Cwbys.
C．Temple Cycles Classic. D．Riese & Müller Nev4 GT Vari GX.
3．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．An nline pst.B．A magazine clumn.
C．A market research reprt.D．An fficial dcument.
B
（2022秋·辽宁葫联考期中）Bkstres are fascinating places. That’s because the bks n the shelves can take yu away t magical lands, help yu learn a freign language, r ck a delicius meal. But when yur cmmunity is t small t huse a real brick bkstre, smetimes yu have t make a cmprmise. A mbile bkstre that brings bks arund the cuntry was the result. That is the case fr Rita Cllins, 70, wh dreamed f pening a used bkstre after retiring frm teaching.
A business planning class frm the American Bksellers Assciatin cnvinced Cllins t abandn her idea that pening a bkstre in the small twn where she lives, which wuld nt be sustainable. Eureka, Mntana, lcated just seven miles frm the Canadian brder, nly has a ppulatin f 1,517. Cllins asked her instructrs abut a traveling bkstre n wheels and they were skeptical. But she persevered.
Cllins was inspired by Dylans Mbile Bkstre, a traveling bkstre in Wales run by Jeff Twns. She cntacted Jeff fr advice but she was largely n her wn when it came t building her bkstre. First, she had t find a vehicle large enugh t stand in. Then she had t have it refitted with shelves that wuld hld the bks at a 15-degree angle s that they wuld stay in place while in transit. Cllins named her bkstre St Rita’s Traveling Bkstre, which has been n the rad since 2015.
At first, she drve thrugh Mntana and then she made her first crss-cuntry trip in 2016. After she retired in 2017, it became a full-time jb all year rund. Cllins and her mbile bkstre have visited 30 states, stpping at festivals and events alng the way. While the lcatins change, sme things always stay the same. Cllins lves meeting peple and making cnnectins. While she lves what she des, Cllins desn’t think she can keep ding it. In several years, she hpes t pass her traveling bkstre nt anther bibliphile wh shares the same interest and will keep it n the rad.
4．Why did Cllins abandn pening a bkstre?
A．It wuld cst a lt f mney.B．It was nt prmising.
C．It wuld be ut f date.D．It was nt apprved.
5．Why were the shelves designed at a 15-degree angle?
A．T beautify the mbile bkstre.
B．T make full use f space f the shelves.
C．T keep the bkstre’s balance.
D．T prtect the bks frm falling dwn.
6．Which f the fllwing can best describe Cllins?
A．Merciful and delightful.B．Intelligent and reasnable.
C．Determined and scial.D．Generus and lvely.
7．What des the underlined wrd “bibliphile” in the last paragraph mean?
A．A bk lver. B．A publisher. C．A famus writer.D．An editr.
C
（2023春·重庆一中模拟）An envirnmental grup in Clmbia is leading a prject t save wild areas in the San Lucas Muntains with the help f cffee grwers.
Since 2016, San Lucas areas have been threatened by mining and cca (古柯) planting. Gld miners and cca grwers make mre mney than cffee farms. Nw the grup WebCnserva helps link cffee farmers with cffee prcessrs frm arund the cuntry in rder that they can earn mre. At the same time cffee farms can serve as barders arund the frests t prtect the bidiversity within.
T date, the prject includes 10 families wh farm 400 hectares f cffee plants. WebCnserva said it hpes, in time, 200 families will be included. At that level, 20, 000 hectares f untuched frest culd be prtected. The families prmise nt t cut dwn trees t expand their crps r t hunt wild animals. In return, they receive $300 fr 125 kilgrams f cffee.
Arcadi Barajas is amng thse taking part. His cffee farm sets up a barrier between cattle farms and frests where wild animals live, thus reducing the pssibility f cnflict between cattle farmers and wild animals. “Cutting dwn the frest t plant cca and killing wildlife were against my faith, and nw I feel that grwing cffee lets me be a gd guard f the land,” he said.
Arnbis Rmer is a frmer cca grwer and miner. “Many families depended n illegal activities t supprt their children years ag. Nw, we feel it a duty t lk after this bidiversity and leave it fr future generatins,” he said. Activists want San Luvas t be prtected as a natinal park, but the prcess has been slw. Carls Valderrama, directr f Webcnserva, hpes the prject can build prductin system that will last far int the future. “It prtects frests, bidiversity and ecsystems at the same time as imprving cffee grwers’ quality f life,” he said.
8．What des the underlined wrd “they” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Cffee farmers.B．WebCnserva members.
C．Gld miners.D．Cca grwers.
9．Hw des WebCnserva members save wild areas in San Lucas?
A．By increasing cattle farms.B．By setting up a barrier.
C．Ry develping gld mining.D．By encuraging cffee farming.
10．What des the authr intend t shw by mentining Arcadi Barajas and Arnbis Rmer?
A．Families have enugh mney fr their children.
B．The prject will attract mre and mre families.
C．Cffee farming changed the lives f the frmer cca grwers.
D．Cffee planting will last fr several generatins.
11．What can be inferred frm the text?
A．Families prtecting wildlife will get very rich.
B．San Lucas will develp int a natinal park in the near future.
C．Gld mining and cca farming have been replaced rapidly.
D．WebCnserva benefits ecsystems and lcal peple’s life.
D
（2023秋··高三南宁武鸣高中学校考开学考试）A new methd f lie detectin shws that lie tellers wh are made t multi-task while being interviewed are easier t spt. The extra brain pwer needed t cncentrate n a secndary task ther than lying was particularly challenging.
Prfessr Aldert Vriji frm the University f Prtsmuth designed an experiment t identify lie tellers. The 164 participants in the experiment were first asked t give their levels f supprt r ppsitin abut varius scietal tpics that were in the news. They were then given a truth r lie cnditin by chance and interviewed abut the three tpics that they felt mst strngly abut. Truth tellers were instructed t reprt their true pinins while lie tellers were instructed t lie abut their pinins during the interviews.
Fr the secndary task, participants were given a seven-digit (数字) car number and instructed t recall it back t the interviewer. Half f them received additinal instructins that if they culd nt remember the car number during the interview, they may be asked t write dwn their pinins after the interview.
Participants were given the pprtunity t prepare themselves fr the interview and were tld it was imprtant t cme acrss as cnvincing as pssible during the interviews — which was incentivized by being entered int a prize draw.
The results shwed that lie tellers’ stries sunded less reasnable and less clear than truth tellers’ stries, particularly when lie tellers were given the secndary task and tld that it was imprtant.
“The pattern f result suggests that the intrductin f secndary tasks in an interview culd help lie detectin but such tasks need t be intrduced carefully. It seems that a secndary task will nly be effective if lie tellers d nt neglect it. This can be achieved by either telling interviewees that the secndary task is imprtant, r by intrducing ne that cannt be neglected,’’ said Prfessr Vriji.
12．What can we learn abut participants in the experiment?
A．Sme truth tellers gave false pinins in the interview.
B．Nt all participants knew the imprtance f the secndary task.
C．Participants didn’t express pinins abut news tpics.
D．Participants chse a truth r lie cnditin by themselves.
13．What des the underlined wrd “incentivized” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Mtivated.B．Chsen.C．Cmpleted.D．Crrected.
14．On what cnditin was the secndary task effective in the experiment?
A．When participants tk it seriusly. B．When participants had strng brain pwer.
C．When participants paid little attentin t it.
D．When participants had the chance t prepare.
15．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Interviewing Lie Tellers.B．Cvering up the Truth.
C．Challenging a Secndary Task.D．Expsing Liars by Distractin.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023秋·陕西·高三校联考开学考试）Have yu ever felt stressed? Well, yu are nt alne, as every persn in the wrld has t face stress at ne time r anther. Stress is part f life. 16 Here are sme strategies fr dealing with stress and pressure.
Mst f the time, stress is a result f feeling verwrked. 17 Fr example, yu culd keep a daily rganizer and plan yur activities. Get yur pririties straight and fcus n things that are really imprtant. D nt get caught up in minr issues that nly create additinal wrk fr yu. Break tasks dwn int manageable bits and tackle them ne by ne r step by step.
18 Ding things that yu like such as listening t music, taking a walk, r reading a bk can take yur mind ff things that bther yu. Even ding nthing at all can be beneficial. After a shrt break, yu will feel refreshed and mre able t tackle a prblem r a piece f wrk.
Finally, d nt set standards t high. They’ll lead t dissatisfactin and pressure. If yu aim fr perfectin all the time, yu will end up frustrated and stressed ut. 19 If yu are t uptight abut smething, yu will nt be able t think clearly and make gd decisins. Fcus n what has already been dne and what is gd. Then, negative stressful feelings will disappear.
In cnclusin, stress may be unavidable but it needn’t make life miserable fr yu. There are many ways t reduce and deal with stress such as the three strategies shared here. 20
A．Prper plan als helps yu avid the stress.
B．It is essential t learn hw t deal with stress.
C．Learn t let g and lk at the psitive side f things.
D．Besides, taking time t relax can help yu ease stress.
E．Stress is smething that makes yu learn mre abut life.
F．Keeping yurself rganized helps yu get rid f the feeling.
G．Learn these ways r try t find ther ways t cntrl the stress.
第三部分语言运用(共两节， 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
（2023秋高三福建省宁德一中联考）Schl buses are familiar t mst peple. Hwever, Sam Balt, an elementary schl teacher, creates a brand-new 21 f schl buses in Prtland, Oreg. 22 lading kids int the yellw vehicles, he invlves them in a schl “bike bus”. The bike bus 23 differently frm the way schl buses d. There’re tw meetup lcatins fr kids. After the tw grups 24 , the children cycle t schl tgether.
Thugh ppular in sme areas, bike buses are still 25 in the U. S. Balt’s idea fr that began as an initiative fr Earth Day, which surprisingly became a 26 , with mst students in Balt’s schl participating. Then he dicided t 27 . Nw 28 the bike bus in actin. “Kids 29 the ride. Parents ntice n bike bus mrnings, kids get up and ut f hme 30 . They’ re eager t be with friends,” said Balt. Actually, its 31 g beynd prmting scializing. The physical activity helps 32 kids’ strength and it’s als climate actin.
Right nw, Balt feels it’s 33 t ffer the bike bus nce a week and he’s relying n vlunteers and seeking fficial 34 . “It can be a daily way t transprt kids if cities r schls pay adults t lead it,” Balt explained. If pssible, he encurages ther Prtland schls t 35 them. “Mre kids acrss the city shuld have such pleasant experiences.”
21．A．signalB．apprachC．versinD．functin
22．A．As frB．Rather thanC．Regardless fD．Apart frm
23．A．peratesB．mvesC．appearsD．matches
24．A．agreeB．gatherC．returnD．begin
25．A．cmplexB．necessaryC．practicalD．rare
26．A．hitB．reminderC．taskD．rutine
27．A．upgradeB．manageC．cntinueD．examine
28．A．indicatesB．witnessesC．reflectsD．changes
29．A．understandB．jinC．shareD．enjy
30．A．cnsciuslyB．freelyC．activelyD．naturally
31．A．aimsB．benefitsC．featuresD．challenges
32．A．build upB．draw nC．get backD．let ut
33．A．uncertainB．unsafeC．inexpensiveD．inadequate
34．A．guidanceB．annuncementC．investmentD．permissin
35．A．recmmendB．accmpanyC．assistD．fllw
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
（2023秋·云南·高三校联考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The mst ppular ftball cmpetitin in China recently is the Chinese Super League. Thanks t its festive atmsphere 36 (rare) seen and surprising perfrmances, a village ftball turnament 37 (hld) in Rngjiang Cunty, suthwest China’s Guizhu Prvince, has caught the attentin f media, scial platfrms, and even verseas stars. Organized and played 38 lcals, the amateur ftball turnament has been dubbed (戏称为) “Cun Cha” by Chinese netizens, which translates t “Village Super League”.
The players in this village turnament cme frm diverse 39 (backgrund). They are vendrs, farmers, tilers, butchers, and factry wrkers by prfessin, representing 40 (vary) ethnic grups such as Mia, Dng, Shui, Han, and Ya. With free 41 (admit), thusands f peple g t the cunty’s stadium fr every match. The stands are ften filled t capacity, with sme peple 42 (stand) nearby r even squatting (蹲) n the grund due t the lack f empty seats.
David Geary, 43 ftball enthusiast frm the United Kingdm, attended a “Cun Cha” match last Saturday. He was 44 (amaze) t see s many villagers playing ftball and rganizing their wn teams. “Ftball brings peple tgether, 45 is the cre f sprts. In ‘Cun Cha’, all villagers cme t supprt their teams, and that’s what ftball shuld be like.” said Geary.
第四部分写作(共两节;满分 40分)
46．（2023秋·浙江高三开学考试）假如你校《英语报刊》人物专栏正在征稿，请你用英语介绍一位你敬仰的人物。内容包括以下三个部分：
1.对该人物的简单介绍；2.敬仰该人物的理由；
3.从该人物身上得到的启示。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节(满分25分)【高三课时练习】
2022秋·湖北鄂州·高中校联考期中）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My family and I were taking a well-deserved vacatin t Disneyland. I had never been there befre and was eagerly anticipating experiencing the magic.
There was anther reasn that this trip was special. My father was a wrkahlic wh wrked lng hurs. I lnged t spend time with him. I wanted t be able t sit dwn with my father, wh I lved mre than life, and just talk. It always seemed like there was never time.
The day finally arrived when I was allwed t pack my clthes. I chse nly my favurite utfits. I threw in my autgraph bk and then muscled the suitcase zipper arund the verflw f clthes. I set my suitcase n my cmfrter and smiled. I was ready.
I didn’t get any sleep that night. I lay in my bed and stared ut the windw. I knew that my father’s wrk was ging t be left at hme, finally.
After a brief breakfast we hit the pen rad. It was all smth sailing fr the first cuple f hurs until I unexpectedly felt a sharp stp. We casted t the side f the rad, and my dad said smething was wrng with the engine. We were in the middle f fur lanes f traffic, s he decided the easiest thing t d wuld be t signal smene t stp and get a ride int twn.
An hur later, my dad was still waving his hands at each and every passing car but it wasn’t ding any gd. Nt a single persn wuld stp t assist my helpless family. Finally, Father gave up and decided t walk int twn. I was certain it was a very lng distance. I pleaded with him t stay and try again, but he was deaf t my pleading. He just said that he wuldn’t let anything ruin this trip fr me. My heart ached as he put n his cat and began t walk away frm ur car. My dad has a back prblem, and he was t stubbrn t admit that he wasn’t in any cnditin t even walk a cuple f miles.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then I saw a man ut f the windw, wh was a truck driver.
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After reaching the twn, we expressed ur thanks again.
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英语试题答案
参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是Cycling Electric推荐的三款电动自行车。
1．细节理解题。根据第二款自行车介绍部分的“Temples have fewer prprietary (品牌专卖的) parts and s are serviceable in any bike shp. Stylish as they may be, the VanMfs and the Cwbys can be a bit mre cmplex t get back-up and service.(Temples的专用部件较少，因此在任何自行车商店都可以维修。尽管VanMfs和Cwbys可能很时髦，但要获得支持和服务可能会有点复杂。)”可知，Temples比其他时尚的电动自行车品牌的优势是它们更容易获得服务。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据最后一款车的介绍部分的“This is a prime example f the attentin t detail delivering a high-quality experience in functinality, cmfrt and practicality— if yu can affrd it.(如果你能负担得起的话，这是一个注重细节，在功能、舒适和实用性方面提供高质量体验的典型例子。)”可知，最关心良好的体验的消费者会选择Riese & Müller Nev4 GT Vari GX，故选D。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Nw, Cycling Electric, designed t help cnsumers chse an ebike, ffers the fllwing recmmendatins.(现在，旨在帮助消费者选择电动自行车的Cycling Electric提供了以下建议。)”可知，主要介绍的是Cycling Electric推荐的三款电动自行车，因此很可能是来自于一个杂志专栏。故选B。
4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了柯林斯创办的移动书店，她已经驾驶她的书店走遍了美国的30个州。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段的“A business planning class frm the American Bksellers Assciatin cnvinced Cllins t abandn her idea that pening a bkstre in the small twn where she lives, which wuld nt be sustainable.(美国书商协会 的一门商业规划课程说服柯林斯放弃了在她居住的小镇上开书店的想法，因为这是不可持续的。)”以及“Eureka, Mntana, lcated just seven miles frm the Canadian brder, nly has a ppulatin f 1,517.(蒙大拿州尤里卡距离加拿大边境只有7英里，人口只有1517人。)”可知，柯林斯居住的地方是个僻远小镇，人口不足 2000 人，在镇里开书店没有发展前景。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Then she had t have it refitted with shelves that wuld hld the bks at a 15-degree angle s that they wuld stay in place while in transit. Cllins named her bkstre St Rita’s Traveling Bkstre, which has been n the rad since 2015.(然后她又重新安装了书架，把书以15度的角度放好，这样书在运输过程中就不会变形。柯林斯将她的书店命名为圣丽塔旅行书店，自2015年以来一直在路上。)”可知，移动书店的每一层书架倾斜 15 度角，目的是防止书籍在车子运行过程中掉落。故选D项。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Cllins asked her instructrs abut a traveling bkstre n wheels and they were skeptical. But she persevered.( 柯林斯向她的导师们询问关于“车轮上的旅行书店”的问题，他们表示怀疑。但是她坚持了下去。)”以及最后一段中“Cllins lves meeting peple and making cnnectins.(柯林斯喜欢与人交往和建立联系)”可推知，柯林斯也是一个意志坚定和爱交际的人。故选C项。
7．词句猜测题。根据划线词后定语从句“wh shares the same interest and will keep it n the rad.(他们有共同的兴趣，并且会一直坚持下去。)”可知，该词意为“书籍爱好者”，与a bk lver项同义。故选A项。
8．A 9．D 10．C 11．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哥伦比亚的一个环保组织WebCnserva帮助和鼓励哥伦比亚农民尝试种植咖啡以保护环境的故事。
8．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Nw the grup WebCnserva helps link cffee farmers with cffee prcessrs frm arund the cuntry in rder that they can earn mre.(现在， WebCnserva组织通过将咖啡种植者与全国各地的加工商联系起来，以便他们能赚更多的钱。）”由WebCnserva帮助咖啡种植者与全国各地的加工商建立联系可知，划线词they指的是“咖啡种植者”。故选A项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“T date, the prject includes 10 families wh farm 400 hectares f cffee plants. WebCnserva said it hpes, in time, 200 families will be included. At that level, 20, 000 hectares f untuched frest culd be prtected. The families prmise nt t cut dwn trees t expand their crps r t hunt wild animals. In return, they receive $300 fr 125 kilgrams f cffee.(到目前为止，这个项目包含10个农户，他们种植了400公顷的咖啡树。WebCnserva表示，希望有朝一日最终能将200个农户家庭囊括在内。这样，就有2万公顷的原始森林可以得到保护。这些家庭承诺不砍伐树木来扩大作物种植，也不捕猎森林里的野生动物。作为回报，他们可以从125公斤咖啡中获得300美元。)”可知，WebCnserva通过鼓励当地居民种植咖啡以拯救圣卢卡斯的野生地区。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘Cutting dwn the frest t plant cca and killing wildlife were against my faith, and nw I feel that grwing cffee lets me be a gd guard f the land,’ he said.(他说：“砍伐森林种植古柯和杀害野生动物违背了我的信仰，现在我觉得种植咖啡让我成为了土地的好管家。”)”以及第五段中“‘Many families depended n illegal activities t supprt their children years ag. Nw, we feel it a duty t lk after this bidiversity and t leave it fr future generatins,’ he said. (他说：“许多家庭几年前就依靠非法活动来供养他们的孩子。现在，我们感到有责任照顾好这种生物多样性，把它留给后代。”)”可知，这两个以前古柯种植者通过种植咖啡有了很大改变，可推断，作者打算通过提及Arcadi Barajas 和Ambis Rmer来说明咖啡种植改变了以前古柯种植者的生活。故选C项
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘It prtects frests, bidiversity and ecsystems at the same time as imprving cffee grwers’ quality f life,’ he said. (他说：“这在保护森林、生物多样性和生态系统的同时，也提高了咖啡种植者的生活质量。”)”可知，WebCnserva有益于生态系统和当地人民的生活。故选D项。
12．B 13．A 14．A 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲让撒谎者在进行多个任务分心时测谎，更容易让撒谎者被暴露出来。
12．细节理解题。由文章第三段“Half f them received additinal instructins that if they culd nt remember the car number during the interview, they may be asked t write dwn their pinins after the interview.(其中一半的人收到了额外的指示，如果他们在面试中记不住车号，可能会要求他们在面试后写下自己的意见。)”可知，只有一半人被额外提示，并不是所有人知道第二个任务的重要性，从而这一半人更认真对待第二个任务。故选B项。
13．词句猜测题。由文章第四段“Participants were given the pprtunity t prepare themselves fr the interview and were tld it was imprtant t cme acrss as cnvincing as pssible during the interviews — which was incentivized by being entered int a prize draw.(参与者有机会为面试做准备，并被告知在面试中尽可能让人信服很重要——这是通过参加抽奖来 的。)”可知，参与者在抽奖的“激励”下才能更好按照实验者的指示完成任务，所以猜测incentivized表示“激励”的意思。故选A项。
14．细节理解题。由文章最后一段“It seems that a secndary task will nly be effective if lie tellers d nt neglect it. This can be achieved by either telling interviewees that the secndary task is imprtant, r by intrducing ne that cannt be neglected(似乎只有说谎的人不忽视次要任务，次要任务才会有效。这可以通过告诉受访者次要任务很重要来实现，也可以通过介绍一个不可忽视的任务来实现)”可知，只有当参与者认真对待第二个任务时，实验效果才好。故选A项。
15．主旨大意题。由文章第一段“A new methd f lie detectin shws that lie tellers wh are made t multi-task while being interviewed are easier t spt. The extra brain pwer needed t cncentrate n a secndary task ther than lying was particularly challenging.(一种新的测谎方法表明，在接受采访时被要求完成多项任务的测谎者更容易被发现。除了撒谎之外，专注于次要任务所需的额外脑力尤其具有挑战性。)”以及后文可知，文章主要讲让撒谎者在进行多个任务分心时测谎，更容易让撒谎者暴露出来。所以D项Expsing Liars by Distractin.(分散注意力揭露骗子)符合语境。故选D项。
16．B 17．F 18．D 19．C 20．G
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何处理压力。
16．空格处承上启下。上文“Stress is part f life. (压力是生活的一部分。)”说明的是压力是生活的一部分。下文“Here are sme strategies fr dealing with stress and pressure. (这里有一些应对压力的策略。)”说明的是本文介绍的是应对压力的策略。B项“学会如何处理压力是很重要的。”说明的是应正确处理压力，承接上文，引出下文。故选B。
17．空格处承上启下。上文“Mst f the time, stress is a result f feeling verwrked. (大多数时候，压力是劳累过度的结果。)”说明的是有时压力产生的理由是过度劳累。下文“Fr example, yu culd keep a daily rganizer and plan yur activities. (例如，你可以组织和计划一下你的活动。)”说明的是应对日常生活进行计划和组织。F项“让自己有条理可以帮助你摆脱这种感觉。”说明的是让自己井井有条进行组织和计划。承接上文，引出下文。故选F。
18．空格处引出下文。下文“Ding things that yu like such as listening t music, taking a walk, r reading a bk can take yur mind ff things that bther yu. (做一些你喜欢的事情，比如听音乐、散步或读书，可以让你的思绪从困扰你的事情中解脱出来。)”说明的是一些放松的方式。选项D“此外，花时间放松可以帮助你缓解压力。”说明的是放松可以减轻压力，作为本段的首局，引出下文。故选D。
19．空格处承上启下。上文“If yu aim fr perfectin all the time, yu will end up frustrated and stressed ut. (如果你总是追求完美，你最终会感到沮丧和压力。)”说明的是追求完美会产生压力。下文“If yu are t uptight abut smething, yu will nt be able t think clearly and make gd decisins. Fcus n what has already been dne and what is gd. Then, negative stressful feelings will disappear. (如果你对某事过于紧张，你将无法清晰地思考并做出正确的决定。把注意力集中在已经完成的和好的方面。然后，负面的压力感就会消失。)”说明的是应关注积极的方面。所以空格处应该是让我们学会积极面对。选项C“学会放手，看到事物积极的一面。”承上启下，符合文意。故选C。
20．空格处承接上文，总结全文。上文“There are many ways t reduce and deal with stress such as the three strategies shared here. (有很多方法可以减少和处理压力，比如这里分享的三个策略。)”说明有很多方法处理压力。选项G“学习这些方法或尝试寻找其他方法来控制压力。”，说明的是用这些方法来缓解压力，“these ways”指的是上文中提到的方法，G项承接上文，对全文作出总结，符合文意。故选G。
21．B 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．C 31．A 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。为了促进孩子么社交，强身健体，也是应对气候变化的行动，小学教师萨姆·巴尔托创造了一种全新的校车方法，孩子们不再是坐上黄色的交通工具，而是一起骑车上学。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在俄勒冈州波特兰市，小学教师萨姆·巴尔托创造了一种全新的校车方法。A. signal信号；B. apprach方法；C. versin版本；D. functin功能。根据下文“ 2 lading kids int the yellw vehicles, he invlves them in a schl “bike bus”.”可知，这是一种全新的方法。故选B。
22．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他没有让孩子们坐上黄色的交通工具，而是让他们坐上学校的“自行车巴士”。A. As fr至于；B. Rather than而不是；C. Regardless f不管；D. Apart frm除……之外。根据前文“Hwever, Sam Balt, an elementary schl teacher, creates a brand-new 1 f schl buses”可知，创造了全新的校车方法，所以不再是原来的黄色交通工具。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自行车巴士的运作方式与校车不同。A. perates运转；B. mves移动；C. appears出现；D. matches匹配。根据下文“There’re tw meetup lcatins fr kids.”可知，自行车巴士的运转方式是不一样的。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两组人集合后，孩子们一起骑车上学。A. agree同意；B. gather聚集；C. return返回；D. begin开始。根据前文“There’re tw meetup lcatins fr kids.”可知，孩子们有两个集合点，当他们聚集在一起后，就一起骑车上学。故选B。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管自行车巴士在一些地区很受欢迎，但在美国仍然很少见。A. cmplex复杂的；B. necessary必要的；C. practical切实可行的；D. rare稀少的。根据“Thugh”引导的让步状语从句可知，前后为转折含义，故应为“ppular”相对照的词。故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴尔图的这个想法始于地球日的一项倡议，令人惊讶的是，这项倡议受到了欢迎，巴尔图学校的大多数学生都参与了这项活动。A. hit很受欢迎的人/事物；B. reminder提醒物；C. task任务；D. rutine惯例。根据前文“Thugh ppular in sme areas”可知，自行车巴士很受欢迎。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他决定继续。A. upgrade升级；B. manage管理；C. cntinue继续；D. examine检查。根据前文“mst students in Balt’s schl participating”可知，这个倡议很受欢迎，所以他继续。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此刻见证了自行车巴士的行动。A. indicates表明；B. witnesses见证；C. reflects反映；D. changes改变。根据主语为名词“Nw”可知，应为动词“见证”。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们喜欢骑行。A. understand理解；B. jin加入；C. share分享；D. enjy喜欢。根据前文“with mst students in Balt’s schl participating”可知，这个倡议很受欢迎，所以孩子是很喜欢的。故选D。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：家长们注意到，早上骑自行车的孩子们起床和出门都很积极。A. cnsciusly有意识地；B. freely免费地；C. actively积极地；D. naturally自然地。根据前文“Kids 9 the ride.”可知，孩子喜欢，所以就会积极地去做。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：实际上，它的目的不仅仅是促进社交。A. aims目的；B. benefits益处；C. features特点；D. challenges挑战。根据空后“Kids 9 the ride.”以及下文“helps 12 kids’ strength and it’s als climate actin”可知，这是倡议的目的。故选A。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：体育活动有助于增强孩子们的力量，也是应对气候变化的行动。A. build up增加；B. draw n接近；C. get back带回；D. let ut结束，放学。根据空后词“strength”以及常识可知，应为固定搭配build up ne’s strength“强身健体”。故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前，巴尔托觉得每周提供一次自行车巴士是不够的，他依靠志愿者和寻求官方投资。A. uncertain不确定的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. inexpensive便宜的；D. inadequate不充分的。根据下文“It can be a daily way t transprt kids”可知，他想让这个倡议成为每天的行为，所以一周一次是不够的。故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前，巴尔托觉得每周提供一次自行车巴士是不够的，他依靠志愿者和寻求官方投资。A. guidance指导；B. annuncement宣布；C. investment投资；D. permissin允许。根据下文“if cities r schls pay adults t lead it”可知，需要资金。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果可能的话，他鼓励波特兰的其他学校效仿。A. recmmend推荐；B. accmpany陪伴；C. assist帮助；D. fllw仿效。根据空前“he encurages ther Prtland schls”以及下文“Mre kids acrss the city shuld have such pleasant experiences”可知，波特兰的其他学校应该效仿他们，以让更多的孩子有这样愉快的经历。故选D。
36．rarely 37．was hld 38．by 39．backgrunds 40．varius 41．admissin 42．standing 43．a 44．amazed 45．which
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国西南部贵州省榕江县举行了一场乡村足球锦标赛，引起了媒体、社交平台甚至海外明星的关注。这项由当地人组织和参加的业余足球锦标赛被中国网民称为“村超”，意为“乡村超级联赛”。
36．考查副词。句意：由于其罕见的节日气氛和令人惊讶的表演，中国西南部贵州省榕江县举行了一场乡村足球锦标赛，引起了媒体、社交平台甚至海外明星的关注。修饰动词see应用副词rarely，作状语。故填rarely。
37．考查时态语态。句意：由于其罕见的节日气氛和令人惊讶的表演，中国西南部贵州省榕江县举行了一场乡村足球锦标赛，引起了媒体、社交平台甚至海外明星的关注。主语与谓语动词hld构成被动关系，根据语境可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为a village ftball turnament，谓语用单数。故填was hld。
38．考查介词。句意：这项由当地人组织和参加的业余足球锦标赛被中国网民称为“村超”，意为“乡村超级联赛”。此处表示被动关系，表示“由”应用介词by。故填by。
39．考查名词的数。句意：参加这个乡村锦标赛的选手来自不同的背景。可数名词backgrund由diverse修饰应用复数形式。故填backgrunds。
40．考查形容词。句意：他们的职业有小贩、农民、瓦工、屠夫和工厂工人，代表着苗族、侗族、水族、汉族和瑶族等各个民族。修饰名词短语ethnic grups应用形容词varius，作定语。故填varius。
41．考查名词。句意：由于免费入场，每场比赛都会有成千上万的人前往该县的体育场观看比赛。作介词With的宾语，应用名词admissin，不可数。故填admissin。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：看台经常座无虚席，一些人站在附近，甚至蹲在地上，因为没有空座位。此处为with的复合结构，peple与stand为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填standing。
43．考查冠词。句意：上周六，来自英国的足球爱好者大卫·吉尔里观看了一场“村超”比赛。enthusiast为可数名词，此处为泛指且ftball是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。
44．考查形容词。句意：他惊讶地看到这么多村民踢足球，并组织自己的球队。作表语，且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词amazed。故填amazed。
45．考查定语从句。句意：足球把人们聚集在一起，这是体育的核心。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词（上文句子），关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
46．Thmas Edisn, brn in America, was a great scientist and inventr. He was nce cnsidered as a by wh was nt wrth teaching. In fact, he was full f curisity and imaginatin.
I admire him because f his cntributins t the wrld. In his life, he was always trying ut new ideas and had mre than 1,000 inventins, many f which still have a great influence n ur life tday. He was als very diligent and believed that genius is ne percent inspiratin and ninety-nine percent perspiratin. All these explained why he had s many great inventins and what he did inspires me t be creative in my wrk.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇征文，用英语简单介绍一位敬仰的人物，并陈述理由，以及从该人物身上得到的启示。
【详解】1.词汇积累
优秀的：great → utstanding
好奇的：be full f curisity → be curius
因为：because f → due t
激励某人做某事：inspire sb t d → stimulate sb t d
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：He was nce cnsidered as a by wh was nt wrth teaching.
拓展句：He was nce regarded as a by unwrthy f being taught.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In his life, he was always trying ut new ideas and had mre than 1,000 inventins, many f which still have a great influence n ur life tday.（运用了many f which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】All these explained why he had s many great inventins and what he did inspires me t be creative in my wrk.（运用了why引导的宾语从句，what引导的主语从句，动词不定式作补语）
47．One pssible versin:
Then I saw a man ut f the windw, wh was a truck driver. I lked arund and fund that his truck was parked n the ther side f the rad. He ffered t take us t the twn. The feeling I felt at that mment was beynd wrds. “Thank yu! It’s s kind f yu t help us. Nbdy else had taken time ut f his r her wn selfish life t stp,” said my dad. “It’s nthing. Everyne can meet sme unexpected difficulties,” replied the man.
After reaching the twn, we expressed ur thanks again. “Yu are such a great help. Thank yu very much. Please take the mney,” my dad tk ut 20 dllars. “N! Just frget abut it. Virtue is its wn reward, isn’t it?” said the man warmly. I was truly tuched by what he had dne and said. He didn’t even knw us, and he didn’t expect anything in return. It was at that time that I realized we make a living by what we get but we make a life by what we give.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者准备和家人去迪斯尼乐园度假，作者非常期待，因为这也是一次和热爱工作的爸爸共度时光的好机会，出发后刚开始的几个小时很顺利，后来车坏了，作者爸爸寻求路过的车的帮助，但是没有结果，作者的爸爸决定要步行，但是他的身体有问题，不能走那么远的路。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后我看到窗外有一个人，他是一个卡车司机。”可知，第一段可描写卡车司机带作者和爸爸去镇上。
②由第二段首句内容“到达镇上后，我们再次表示感谢。”可知，第二段可描写作者和爸爸如何感谢卡车司机。
2.续写线索：司机提出载作者——作者爸爸口头感谢——作者爸爸给钱感谢——卡车司机拒绝——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①主动提出：ffer t d sth./make an ffer t d sth.
②帮助：help/assist
③意识到：realize/be aware
情绪类
①感谢：thank sb./be grateful t sb.
②感动的：tuched/mved
【点睛】[高分句型1] I was truly tuched by what he had dne and said. (由what引导的宾语从句作by的宾语)
[高分句型2] It was at that time that I realized we make a living by what we get but we make a life by what we give. (强调句和由what引导的宾语从句作by的宾语)