2022-2023学年福建省龙岩市上杭县才溪中学高三12月月考英语试卷含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省龙岩市上杭县才溪中学高三12月月考英语试卷含答案，共60页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 才溪中学2023届高三十二月份月考试卷
（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
2022,12 9
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Who is having a holiday abroad?
A. David. B. Mike. C. John.
2. What time does the next plane to London leave?
A. At 10:00. B. At 11:00. C. At 12:00.
3. What is Mr. Thomas’s life like now?
A. Worse than before. B. Happier than before. C. As good as before.
4. Why won’t the man go to the movies with Helen?
A. She is not in the mood.
B. She likes talking during a movie.
C. She doesn’t want to go out with him.
5. What is the man trying to do?
A. Deliver some bad news. B. Find a new position. C. Make a speech.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. How does the man sound at first?
A. Rather surprised. B. Very calm. C. A little angry.
7. Where are the files?
A. On the man’s desk. B. Next to the fax machine. C. On the computer desk.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What do Iranians care most about the tea?
A. The color. B. The tea set. C. The quality.
9. What is special about tea shops in Iran?
A. There are no tea cups. B. There are no chairs. C. There are no waiters.

听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Why did the man go to the Philippines?
A. For a trip. B. For further studies. C. For volunteer work.
11. Who helped the man with the project?
A. The local students.
B. The local government.
C. The local businessmen.
12. What’s the aim of the project?
A. To explore an island.
B. To help the poor students.
C. To protect the environment.

听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What is the man?
A. A doctor. B. A host. C. A teacher.
14. Who used to be a doctor?
A. Cassie’s friend. B. Cassie’s mother. C. Cassie’s friend’s mother.
15. How long did it take Cassie to become a qualified doctor?
A. One year. B. Four years. C. Five years.
16. What does Cassie say about her job?
A. She gets bored with it.
B. She enjoys it in general.
C. She always works overtime.

听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What is the weather like today?
A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny.
18. When should the listeners get up tomorrow?
A. At 5:30. B. At 6:00. C. At 6:30.
19. What does the speaker advise the listeners NOT to take?
A. Whistles. B. Maps. C. Cameras.
20. What are the listeners going to do most probably?
A. Go surfing. B. Go hiking. C. Go boating.

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Gap Year Sailing Programs
A gap year spent sailing will show you more of the world than most people see in their whole lives. So hoist the anchor, throw off the bowlines, catch the following wind, and set sail on a voyage of discovery to create memories that will last a lifetime.
Where to Go
The beauty of a sailing gap year is that you don’t just visit a single place. These unique adventures can take you across oceans and whole regions to experience dozens of countries in a single gap year. Some programs combine several regions including the Indian Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, etc. while others stick to just one.
Costs
How much a sailing gap year costs varies greatly depending on the type of program and the length of the voyage. A program lasting a few weeks may cost S$ 5,000 or more. Months long adventures may be as much as $20.000, especially if they involve college credit or other coursework.
Visa
Visa requirements will vary depending on where your voyage takes you. Your program will inform you of which visas you’ll need. Make sure you obtain your visas well in advance.
Housing
Housing will consist of a berth (铺位) aboard your boat. Don’t expect anything fancy. You’ll likely have little more than a bed and a small storage locker in a two-or three-person cabin. Given the limited size of your living space, expect to stay close to your crewmates at all times with little real privacy.
Health & Safety
Living aboard a ship means that you can’t always count on having medical facilities (设施) nearby. You may be asked to provide a note from your doctor confirming that you are in good health before being accepted into your program. Most programs include medical emergency insurance as part of their fees. See what it covers and what it doesn’t when making your decisions.
21. What do the sailing programs provide for participants?
A. Journeys by land.
B. Chances to study abroad.
C. Courses of famous universities.
D. Opportunities to travel around the world.
22. What do you have to do before entering for the programs?
A. Ask parents for advice. B. Save as much as $ 20,000.
C. Obtain your proper visa. D. Have a medical examination.
23. Which word can best describe the living conditions in the programs?
A. Tough. B. Fancy. C. Noisy. D. Comfortable.

B
There was a boy named Drake. He was just 12 years old. His parents had no money to educate him. They had no choice other than to tell their children to leave school and start helping them with their shop’s work.
Drake assimilated this and started waking up before sunrise and going to their shop and cleaning it. He was really a hardworking guy. He always wanted something big to happen in his life, but he knew that a change does not happen in a day. So he started caching himself and completed all senior high school courses at the age of 18. When he turned 20, he got a job offer from an electrical company.
He started working in that company, and every day after coming from his job, he would learn more and more about bulbs (灯泡) because he saw a lot of bulb production there. After some years he made a new improved bulb of his own. He was really excited to show it to his boss, but when the boss saw it, he wasn’t interested in it and said it was of little use. But still, he believed in himself and didn’t give up.
After a few months, he thought of setting up his own factory where he and his wife would put the improved bulb into production. When they made the bulbs, they started selling them. No one was interested in those bulbs, but still, he kept believing in himself.
One day when the sun was rising, he got an order of l,000 pieces of the bulbs. This totally changed his life. After that, he started getting more and more orders.
24. Why did Drake’s parents ask him to work in their shop when he was 12?
A. They wanted him to catch himself.
B. They expected him to be successful.
C. They wished him to be hardworking.
D. They were unable to pay for his schooling.
25. What does the underlined word “assimilated” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Remembered. B. Understood. C. Expressed. D. Hated.
26. What did Drake’s boss think of his new improved bulb?
A. Surprising. B. Attractive. C. Popular. D. Valueless.
27. What can we learn from the story?
A. All things are difficult before they are easy.
B. Confidence is the first secret of success.
C. Learn to say before you sing.
D. Practice makes perfect.

C
Pieter Bruegel’s 1565 realistic painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “The work describes farmers cutting wheat nearly as tall as they are,” Ghent University biologist Ive De Smet says. “Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high, which is a consequence of selective breeding (培育) from the second half of the 20th century.” De Smet says he’s teaming up with art historian David Vergauwen of Amarant to look at things where they can spot differences in shape, in color, and in size. Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.
Friends since childhood, they took interest in plants in artwork and began with a visit to the Hermitage Museum in Russia — where they noticed an odd-looking watermelon in an early-17th-century painting by Flemish artist Frans Snyders.
“So if you think of a watermelon, you cut it through, it should be dark red on the inside. But that one appeared to be pale and white.” De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job. But Vergauwen said, “This is one of the best painters ever from that era. So if he paints it like that, that’s the way it must have been.” Other paintings showed that both red and white watermelons were raised during the 17th century.
The team hopes to set up an online research database of historical plant artwork. They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it. Anyone could send pictures of relevant artwork and details of plants when they visit a museum or exhibit through the hashtag. But, they add, the sources need to be realistic. “If you’re going to use, for example, Picasso to understand how a pear looked, you might be misled.”

28. What can we learn from De Smet’s words in paragraph 1?
A. Humans have mainly fed on wheat since 1565.
B. Selective breeding affects agricultural structure.
C. Wheat has gone through great changes in height.
D. The scene in The Harvesters may be unbelievable.
29. What is Vergauwen’s attitude to the watermelon painted by Frans Snyders?
A. Curious. B. Disapproving. C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.
30. Why is the social media hashtag created?
A. To collect more paintings for their database.
B. To encourage people to focus on art.
C. To advertise their research database.
D. To share some historical plant artwork.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. Ancient paintings focused on food crops.
B. Old art reveals agricultural information.
C. Two men create a database of plant artwork.
D. Plants today are different from their ancestors.

D
We humans often navigate (导航) using road signs and GPS. But what about elephants? Connie Allen, a behavioural ecologist at the University of Exeter in the U.K., said “the elephants navigate over long distances using their unbelievable memories”, which makes others consider that an elephant will never forget. But it’s also been suggested here and there that maybe olfaction is extremely important for these long-distance movements.
Allen and her colleagues checked that idea by testing African elephants’ ability to identify a very special smell: the smell of pee (尿). You see, an elephant pees a lot — some 12 to 15 gallons a day — and that pee can contain a series of chemical signals.
But first, they needed some pee. So they headed for a spot along Botswana’s Boteti River and waited. They waited for elephants to pee and, within 20 minutes, went and collected these fresh pee samples. Then they set up cameras on seven paths which the elephants usually walked along. After observing the elephants’ natural behaviour on the paths, they noticed that the majority of the elephants checked smells along the paths — especially elephants travelling alone, which is an indication, the researchers said, that smells may serve as signposts along the paths.
Next, they placed those pee samples along the paths. And they found that for at least two days, passing elephants trained their trunks on the samples, especially samples from mature adults, which is another indication that smells might be an effective navigational signal. Their findings appeared in the journal Animal Behaviour.
Based on these results, they hope conservationists might be able to use elephant pee as a decoy (诱饵). If we can trick elephants into thinking other elephants are going this way, maybe we can redirect them away from where they are coming into conflict with humans at the moment.

32. What does the underlined word “olfaction” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. The roadside signpost. B. The sense of smell.
C. The long-term memory. D. The sense of direction.
33. How did researchers get their conclusions?
A. By doing field research.
B. By analyzing causes and effects.
C. By making comparisons.
D. By doing laboratory experiments.
34. What might be a potential benefit of the findings according to the text?
A. Helping elephants to find other companions.
B. Inspiring new research directions in elephants.
C. Raising public awareness of elephant protection.
D. Making elephants and humans coexist peacefully.
35. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. African Elephants Show Personality-based Movements
B. Elephants Are Born With Excellent Ability to Navigate
C. African Elephants May Use Pee as a Road Sign
D. Elephants Have a Good Memory for Roads
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Defend Yourself Without Being Defensive
There’s a fine line between defending yourself and being defensive, but it makes a world of difference between ending and worsening a problem. If you regularly find yourself justifying yourself, blaming others, or trying to distract from the problem at hand, you may be on the defense.
36 .
Keep calm in the moment
37 . If you’re feeling wound up (生气), take a deep breath and resist the urge to say anything until you’ve had a chance to think it through. You’ll handle the situation better once you’ve had a moment to ease your tension. In many situations, it’s okay to be quiet for a moment. Not every conflict needs to be addressed immediately.
Wait to respond to the criticism
A rapid reaction is usually based only on emotions. Your immediate reaction might be defensive. Pause for a moment before you reply, and don’t interrupt or cut the other person off.
38 . Cutting in with corrections or “That’s not true” shuts down further discussion.
39
An explanation can make it clearer to you what the problem is. If you don’t understand where the criticism is coming from, or if the person said something vague, respond to them with, “Can you explain?” or, “Could you tell me more?” 40 . For example, instead of, “Don’t call my design ugly. I worked hard on that,” say, “What makes you say the design is ugly?” Or say something like, “What’s something we can do to fix that?”

A. Encourage the person to explain
B. Explain without defensive words
C. Let the person finish, even if he or she is wrong
D. Talking too much is not a good way to solve the problems
E. Getting angry or upset immediately tends to look defensive
F. This also gives you some time to breathe so you’re less likely to respond defensively
G. Fortunately, there are ways to find a solution to the problem without getting defensive about it

第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

There’s a pattern going like this: it’s late, but instead of going to bed, we stay up. The next day we’re tired and 41 ourselves an early night. Then it 42 again. Why do we insist on an action that’s 43 messing up our life?
Through childhood, night-time seemed 44 . From our dark room, we saw grown-ups chatting around the table and 45 some things we weren’t supposed to know. In adolescence (青春期), the night was filled with 46 . It was when poets drew inspiration, parties got wild, and our friends became most 47 , describing their plans to reform the world. Thus, we have a sense that to go to bed early is to 48 joys.
In fact, such 49 in our memories were only an accident. These great things aren’t specific to 50 . The deep communication with friends, the determination to 51 the work that wore you out: these aren’t 52 of late night, but tasks of our daytime selves —
53 well-rested minds.
We should be able to let ourselves go to bed early, not when we consider our search for happiness 54 , but when we relocate (迁移) our longing and seek 55 where it can more realistically be found: in the bright and energetic hours of the new day.

41. A. refuse B. prepare C. promise D. spare
42. A. works B. helps C. responds D. happens
43. A. clearly B. surprisingly C. naturally D. deliberately
44. A. dangerous B. secret C. free D. harmonious
45. A. caught B. discussed C. believed D. recorded
46. A. uncertainties B. impossibilities C. fantasies D. excitements
47. A. curious B. anxious C. sensitive D. talkative
48. A. miss out on B. come up with C. go in for D. break away from
49. A. limitations B. devotions C. associations D. decisions
50. A. darkness B. memory C. youth D. reality
51. A. undertake B. land C. quit D. continue
52. A. features B. demands C. challenges D. bonuses
53. A. training B. requiring C. affecting D. disturbing
54. A. hopeless B. primary C. complex D. urgent
55. A. fortune B. pleasure C. company D. support

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Geneticist (基因学家) Dr. Arney has explored the impact that humans have had on the
evolutionary process of the species in the past decade.
From driving species to farm animals to new technologies like genetic engineering and cloning, Arney found 56 impossible to ignore the influence of humans on the planet. 10 years ago Arney chatted with Dr. Helen about the 57 (theme) in her book, Life Changing: How humans are changing life on earth? How animal species 58 (shape) through genetic engineering so far? From Helen’s own genetically 59 (transform) wolves to swift swallows, he heard about someways humans had changed the animals around. Dr. Alex, 60 (manage) of the Royal Zoological Society, discussed how genetics can be used 61 (understand) species’ changing ways. Arney was involved in Alex’s projects stopping animals’ 62 (terrible) cruel purchasing and hunting. Last year, Arney met Dr. Bill. It’s in Bill’s lab 63 he carried out the cloning procedure creating Dolly the Sheep, the first mammal (哺乳动物) from an adult cell in the 1990s. From his lab, Arney 64 (figure) out some puzzles which had been confusing him for long.
Arney owes his career in research to his long-sought dream and many outstanding pioneers,
65 whom he can’t have had such amazing discoveries.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
你校最近举办了以“强国有我（We’ll Make China Strong）”为主题的升旗仪式及国旗下的演讲活动。请根据以下提示，写一篇英文周记：
1. 时间地点；
2. 活动内容；
3. 你的感受。
参考词汇：国歌 national anthem
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。



















第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

On a winter Sunday good for skiing, Sue arrived at their holiday chalet (棚屋) with joy. Sue’s skis were sticking out behind her. Mark, another skier, tripped over Sue’s skis. Before Sue could apologize, Mike shouted, “Your skis are in the way. You’ve got big smelly feet!” In view of his attitude, Sue ignored him. Mark lost face and was more angry.
The ski lift took all the skiers to the top of the mountain. The hard snow of the piste (滑雪道) was below them. Then Sue skied down the mountain. As a good skier, she didn’t fall over. Mark, along with his good friend David, was watching her with envy and anger. They were also good skiers but they didn’t know Sue very well. “She’s good,” David said. “But we’re better,” Mark responded with dissatisfaction.
The young people skied all day. They enjoyed themselves and forgot everything. On Wednesday morning, the young people were waiting for the ski lift when their teacher announced a ski race. The race would be arranged for the last day of the holiday on a long and difficult ten-kilometer piste. Everybody wanted to win! They went up the mountain, put on their skis and skied down the piste, practicing for the race. Sue skied fast, so did Mark and David. Obviously, these three became powerful opponents.
It was Saturday and the race was going to be held in the afternoon. Sue was hungry and left her skis at the side of a café. She sat down and ordered lunch. Later, David and Mark came in. They also headed to the side to put their skis there. Mark noticed Sue’s skis and aimed a kick angrily at them. Then he found a screw (螺丝) on Sue’s ski was loose, unsure whether it was caused by the force or it was like that originally. “Sue’s skis won’t work. We’re sure to win,” Mark said and pointed. They smiled knowingly at each other.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。


Finally came the time of the race and everyone was excited.



Maybe feeling guilty or nervous, Mark made a mistake and fell down when Sue approached him.











参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 CBABA 6—10 CBABC 11—15 ACBCC 16—20 BBACB

第二部分 阅读
第一节
A【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是间隔年帆船项目。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Where to Go部分的“These unique adventures can take you across oceans and whole regions to experience dozens of countries in a single gap year. Some programs combine several regions including the Indian Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, etc. while others stick to just one.(这些独特的冒险可以带你跨越海洋和整个地区，在一个间隔年里体验几十个国家。一些项目结合了几个地区，包括印度洋，加勒比海等，而另一些项目只坚持一个地区。)”可知，Gap Year Sailing Programs为参与者提供周游世界的机会。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Visa部分的“Make sure you obtain your visas well in advance.(Make sure you obtain your visas well in advance.)”可知，在参与活动之前，参与者必须要获得相应地区的签证。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Housing部分的“Don’t expect anything fancy. You’ll likely have little more than a bed and a small storage locker in a two-or three-person cabin. Given the limited size of your living space, expect to stay close to your crewmates at all times with little real privacy.(不要期待任何奢华的东西。你可能只有一张床和一个小储物柜在一个二人或三人的小木屋。考虑到你的生活空间有限，你要时刻与你的船员保持密切的联系，没有真正的隐私。)”可知，项目中的居住条件很艰苦，故选A。


【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Drake在一家电气公司工作，勤奋好学的他研发了一种新式灯泡，但是老板对他的灯泡不感兴趣。于是他和妻子创业，虽然经历了多次失败，但是他始终相信自已，从未放弃，最终取得了事业上的成功。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“His parents had no money to educate him. They had no choice other than to tell their children to leave school and start helping them with their shop’s work.(他的父母没有钱供他上学。他们别无选择，只能让孩子们离开学校，开始帮助他们打理商店的工作。)”可知，Drake的父母在他12岁的时候让他在他们的店里工作是因为他们无力支付他的学费。故选D。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“started waking up before sunrise and going to their shop and cleaning it(开始在日出前起床，然后去他们的店里清洗)”可知，Drake非常勤勉地在父母的店里帮忙，由此可以推测，他一定非常理解父母做决定的处境，想要身体力行地为父母缓解压力，所以画线词的意思是“理解”，和understood意思相近。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“but when the boss saw it, he wasn’t interested in it and said it was of little use(但是当老板看到它时，他不感兴趣，说它没什么用)”可以推知，老板觉得他改进过的新式灯泡没有价值。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。结合全文，尤其是倒数第三段的“But still, he believed in himself and didn’t give up.(但他仍然相信自己，没有放弃。)”和倒数第二段的“but still, he kept believing in himself(但他仍然相信自己)”可知，从家贫上不起学，到想法不被接受，再到创业经历失败，Drake经历过许许多多的挫折，但他始终相信自己、从未放弃，最终他取得了事业上的成功，这说明了自信是成功的第一秘诀，即Confidence is the first secret of success。故选B。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。Pieter Bruegel的《收割者》描绘了农民在收割几乎和他们一样高的小麦的情景。Frans Snyders画的西瓜瓤是白色的。这些作品看似奇怪，却提供了一定的农业信息。
28. C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The work describes farmers cutting wheat nearly as tall as they are”和“Nowadays, if you walk through a wheat field, you basically see wheat is about knee-high”可知，1565年Pieter Bruegel画的《收割者》中的小麦几乎与人同高，但如今，田地里的小麦才大约及膝高，由此可知，小麦的高度发生了很大的变化。故选C。
29. D 观点态度题。根据第三段的“But Vergauwen ... if he paints it like that, that’s the way it must have been”可知，Vergauwen认为Frans Snyders是那个时代最好的画家之一。所以，如果他把西瓜画成那样的话，那么西瓜（当时）就一定是那个样子的。由此可推知，Vergauwen对Frans Snyders的画是肯定的。故选D。
30. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The team hopes ... They create a social media hashtag (主题标签) for it ... visit a museum or exhibit through the hashtag”可知，他们希望建立一个历史植物艺术品在线研究数据库，并为此在社交媒体上创建了一个主题标签。人们在参观博物馆或展览时，可以通过主题标签发送相关艺术品和植物细节的照片。故他们创建主题标签的目的是为数据库收集更多画作。故选A。
31. B 主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是第一段的尾句“Wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can help track the transformation of food crops over time.”可知，本文通过画家Pieter Bruegel和Frans Snyders的两幅画作来说明古艺术品能揭示农作物发生的变化，B选项更能概括主旨。故选B。

D篇
本文是一篇说明文。行为生态学家Connie Allen认为大象凭借惊人的记忆力进行远距离导航，但也有人提出，大象在进行远距离活动时嗅觉尤为重要。为了验证这一观点，Connie Allen和她的同事们开展了研究，证明确实如此。
32. B 词义猜测题。根据下文可知，Connie Allen和同事们通过测试大象对路边大象尿液的感知能力来进行研究，最终发现，大象可以利用尿液的气味进行远距离活动，由此可知，嗅觉对大象的远距离活动尤为重要。画线词olfaction的含义应为“嗅觉”。故选B。
33. A 推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，研究人员在野外收集大象尿液样本，在七条大象常走的道路上安装摄像机来观察大象的行为，并把尿液样本放在路边来了解嗅觉对大象的影响。由此可推知，研究人员是通过野外研究的方式得出结论的。故选A。
34. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“use elephant pee ... coming into conflict with humans at the moment”可知，如果人类可以利用大象的尿液作为诱饵骗过大象，让它们以为其他大象正往这个方向走，或许人们就能引导大象改变行进方向，避免与人类发生冲突。由此可知，研究结果的潜在益处是使人类和大象能够和平共处。故选D。
35. C 标题判断题。综观全文，尤其是第三段中的“an indication, the researchers said, that smells may serve as signposts along the paths”及第四段中的“another indication that smells might be an effective navigational signal”可知，本文主要讲述的是行为生态学家Connie Allen和同事们通过研究发现非洲象根据尿液的气味进行远距离活动。故选C。

第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三种消除戒备心理的自我保护方法。
36. G 考查逻辑关系。上文提到了几种容易产生心理戒备的情况，如“justifying yourself, blaming others, or trying to distract from the problem at hand”。G项“幸运的是，有一些方式可以（帮助）找到解决问题的方法，而不对其产生戒备”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
37. E 考查主旨句。本段的小标题是“在此刻保持冷静”；下文讲如果你感到生气，深呼吸，在你有机会把它想通之前控制住（自己）要说话的冲动。E项“一生气或沮丧就会（让你）看起来是戒备的”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选E。
38. C 考查逻辑关系。本段的小标题是“回应批评时等待一会儿”；根据上文中的“don’t interrupt or cut the other person off”可知，不要打断或中止他人说话。C项“让这个人说完，即使他/她是错误的”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
39. A 考查小标题。空格处是本段的小标题。本段介绍了解释的重要性，一个解释可以让你更清楚问题所在。A项“鼓励人们去解释”符合本段主旨，适合作本段的小标题。故选A。
40. F 考查逻辑关系。上文讲解释可以让你更清楚问题所在；下文讲例如，用“你为什么说这个设计丑陋？”来代替“不要说我的设计丑陋。那是我辛苦制作的。”F项“这也给了你一些喘息的时间，这样你就不太可能怀着戒备的心理进行回应”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。

第三部分 语言运用
第一节
本文是一篇议论文。我们都知道熬夜的坏处，但童年的夜晚总是那么神秘，青少年时的夜晚更加充满魅力，这一切都在吸引着我们熬夜。
41. C 根据上文的“it’s late, but instead of going to bed, we stay up. The next day we’re tired”可知，我们总是熬夜到很晚，第二天很疲惫。推断此处表示我们承诺自己要早睡。选项：refuse“拒绝”；prepare“准备”；promise“许诺，承诺，答应，保证”；spare“省得，免去”。故选C。
42. D 根据下文提到“Why do we insist on ... messing up our life”推断出：然后我们又熬夜了。选项：work“起作用，奏效”；help“帮助”；respond“回应”；happen“发生，出现”。故选D。
43. A 结合语境可知，“an action”指上文的“stay up”，即熬夜行为。此处表示我们为什么要坚持这样一种明显扰乱了我们的生活的行为呢。选项：clearly“明显地，显然地”；surprisingly“令人惊讶地”；naturally“自然地”；deliberately“故意地，蓄意地”。故选A。
44. B 根据下文提到“From our dark room, we saw grown-ups ... things we weren’t supposed to know”推断：此处表示童年时的夜晚是神秘的。选项：dangerous“危险的”；secret“神秘的，秘密的”；free“自由的”；harmonious“和谐的”。故选B。
45. A 根据上文提到“we saw grown-ups chatting around the table”推断：我们会听到一些不应该知道的事。选项：catch“看见，听到”；discuss“讨论”；believe“相信”；record“记录”。故选A。
46. D 根据下文提到“It was when poets drew inspiration, parties got wild ... plans to reform the world”推断：夜晚充满了令人激动的事。选项：uncertainty“令人无把握的局面”；impossibility“不可能的事，办不到的事”；fantasy“幻想，想象”；excitement“令人激动（或兴奋）的事”。故选D。
47. D 根据下文提到“describing their plans to reform the world”推断：在夜晚，我们的朋友变得非常健谈，他们会描述自己改变世界的计划。选项：curious“求知欲强的，好奇的”；anxious“焦虑，忧虑，担心”；sensitive“体恤的，善解人意的，敏感的”；talkative“爱说话的，健谈的”。故选D。
48. A 根据上文描述了不同时期夜晚带给我们的感受推断：此处表示我们感觉早睡会错过乐趣。选项：miss out on“错失获利（或取乐等）的机会”；come up with“找到（答案），拿出（一笔钱等）”；go in for“对……有兴趣，爱好……”；break away from“突然挣脱，逃脱”。故选A。
49. C 根据上文提到夜间活动带给我们乐趣推断：此处指这些（夜间活动和快乐之间的）联系纯属偶然。选项：limitation“局限，限度”；devotion“奉献，忠诚，热爱”；association“联想，联系”；decision“决定”。故选C。
50. A 根据上文提到夜晚的神秘和快乐以及下文提到“tasks of our daytime selves”和“in the bright and energetic hours of the new day”推断：此处表示这些不仅限于黑暗的时候，即夜晚。选项：darkness“黑暗，阴暗，漆黑”；memory“记忆”；youth“青少年时期”；reality“现实”。故选A。
51. C 根据上文的“the determination”和下文的“the work that wore you out”可知，此处表示辞掉使你筋疲力尽的工作。undertake“承担，从事”；land“成功得到，赢得”；quit“离开（工作职位、学校等），离任，离校”；continue“继续”。故选C。
52. D 根据第二段内容以及上文的“The deep communication with friends, the determination”可知，此处表示这些不是深夜的额外好处。feature“特点，特色”；demand“要求”；challenge“挑战”；bonus“额外的好处，意外收获”。故选D。
53. B 根据上文提到“The deep communication with friends, the determination ... out”和“but tasks of our daytime selves”推断：此处表示这些事应该在白天做，需要好好休息过的大脑来处理。选项：train“训练，培训”；require“需要，依靠，依赖”；affect“影响”；disturb“打扰，干扰，妨碍”。故选B。
54. A 根据语境可推测：此处表示我们应该让自己早睡，而非直到认为寻找快乐无望时才睡觉。选项：hopeless“没有好转（或成功）希望的，无望的”；primary“主要的，最重要的，基本的”；complex“复杂的，难懂的，费解的”；urgent“紧急的，紧迫的，迫切的”。故选A。
55. B 根据语境可推测：此处表示我们应更现实地寻找快乐——在明亮且精力充沛的崭新的一天。选项：fortune“财富；好运”；pleasure“高兴，快乐”；company“陪伴”；support“支持”。故选B。

第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过去十年基因学家Arney博士探索人类对物种进化过程的影响的研究。
56. it 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用it作形式宾语，指代“to ignore the influence of humans on the planet”。故填it。
57. themes 考查名词的单复数。根据下文中的“Life Changing: How humans are changing life on earth? How animal species _____ (shape) through genetic engineering so far?”可知，书中有两个主题，因此应用名词的复数形式。故填themes。
58. have been shaped 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据“so far”可知，此处应用现在完成时；且主语“animal species”与动词shape之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；又因主语是复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填have been shaped。
59. transformed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语“wolves”与动词transform之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语修饰“wolves”。故填transformed。
60. manager 考查词性转换。此处应用名词作同位语，表明Alex博士的身份，即他是皇家动物保护协会的经理。故填manager。
61. to understand 考查非谓语动词。此处表示皇家动物保护协会的经理Alex博士讨论如何利用遗传学来理解物种的改变方式。因此应用动词不定式表目的。故填to understand。
62. terribly 考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰形容词“cruel”表示程度。故填terribly。
63. that 考查强调句。此处表示20世纪90年代正是在Bill的实验室，他开展了一项克隆程序，从成熟细胞中创造出了第一个哺乳动物——多利羊。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个强调句；且“in Bill’s lab”是地点，应用that进行强调。故填that。
64. figured 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，且主语Arney和谓语figure是主动关系。故填figured。
65. without 考查介词。此处表示Arney把他研究事业的成功归功于他一直追求的梦想和众多杰出的先驱者，没有他们的话，他就不可能得到那些令人惊奇的发现。此处应用介词without表示“没有”；且分析句子结构可知，此处without whom引导非限制性定语从句。故填without。

第四部分 写作
第一节 应用文
参考范文：
The national flag-raising ceremony on the theme of “We’ll Make China Strong” took place in our school on Monday morning. The moment all the students and teachers gathered on the playground, the ceremony began. As the music played, some students dressed in uniform marched in with the flag. Then we all sang our national anthem as the flag rose slowly. After the flag was raised, one student delivered a speech titled “I will do my part to make China prosperous”. I was deeply impressed by the activity. As a Chinese, I take great pride in my motherland. Though she suffered a lot in the past, China has been developing rapidly in the last few decades. It is everyone’s responsibility to make China strong and prosperous.

第二节 读后续写
参考范文：
Paragraph 1:
Finally came the time of the race and everyone was excited. With the referee saying “Get set, go”, all skiers raced down. Unsurprisingly, Sue fell over seconds later. Noticing the loose screw, she slid across the snow and off the piste. During this period, David and Mark skied past. Mark shouted to David, “We’re going to win.” Luckily, it was not a tough problem for Sue. She quickly tightened the screw, made an examination of the rest and skied again. Minutes later, she was ahead of most competitors. Now, the only one before her was Mark, whom she was determined to beat.
Paragraph 2:
Maybe feeling guilty or nervous, Mark made a mistake and fell down when Sue approached him. Seeing Mark struggled to stand up, Sue stopped and gave him a pull. Much astonished, Mark murmured, “Thank you.” Sue left with a wave of the hand. Two players passed just the moment. Sue sped up with all her strength. Soon she crossed the finish line first to thunderous applause. “Congratulations!” Mark came to Sue. “I should apologize for my words and behavior.” Knowing what had happened, Sue was a little angry, but anyway, it was in the past, “Never mind. I’ve also learned the lesson that examining my skis is necessary,” Sue joked. “And maybe we could ski together later.” “Totally agree!”

听力材料
Text 1
M: David has just phoned me and said that he couldn’t attend the party. He isn’t feeling very well now.
W: So, we’ll have three people absent. John is traveling with his parents abroad and Mike has to stay late at the office.
Text 2
M: Excuse me. What time does the next plane to London take off?
W: The next one is Flight 12 at eleven, gate 10.
Text 3
M: Look! Mrs. Thomas was such a beauty when she was young.
W: But Mr. Thomas is short and ugly. Why do you think Mrs. Thomas would marry him?
M: He is certainly very poor now, but he was a rich man before, and they once had a happy time.
Text 4
M: I’ve decided to go to the cinema alone this evening.
W: What has caused you to make such a decision? Didn’t you use to go with Helen?
M: Helen is nice but she talks a lot.
W: Oh. That’s really annoying when you are seeing a film.
Text 5
M: I’m very sorry. I’m not in the position to tell you this but I’m certainly very worried.
W: Don’t make a big speech about how sorry you are. Just give it to me straight.
M: We have to lay off (解雇) some workers and you’re one of them.
Text 6
M: How many times have I told you not to take files home with you?
W: I didn’t, John. I left them just where you told me and…
M: But they are not here on this computer desk. Where have they gone? They can’t have got up and walked away.
W: Wait a minute. Sally was still here when I left. You know, she is always tidying things away. Right, just as I thought, she put them here beside this fax machine.
Text 7
W: So, I heard that Iran is very famous for its coffee.
M: Well, not coffee actually, the tea.
W: The tea? What is special about it?
M: Well, we are very much picky (挑剔的) about the color of the tea. Everybody orders differently. Some people want colored strong tea. Some people don’t want it that strong.
W: So, I guess you’ve got a lot of tea shops.
M: Yeah, yeah, we have traditional ones, which are very interesting for the tourists I believe. You go in and you sit down, no chairs there, and it’s actually cushions just behind you, so you can lie on these cushions.
Text 8
W: Where exactly did you go in the Philippines?
M: I was in Davao City. The volunteer organization has an office and some student dorms there.
W: Can you talk about the organization?
M: Sure. The organization is called the Student Volunteer Organization. They organize trips for university students to go abroad and do volunteer work — you know, doing things that help the country and the people. For example, one project, we planted trees in an area of the island where a lot of trees had been cut down years ago. We got local elementary school students to help us because the goal of the project was to teach young people about the environment.
W: That’s great. So you decided to go because the environment is important to you?
M: Yes, I think it’s everyone’s responsibility to help protect the environment.
Text 9
M: Hello and welcome to today’s Career Tomorrow. Today we are going to look at another kind of job — doctors. We have with us Dr. Cassie Brown, who is a doctor at the Royal London Hospital. Hello, Cassie, how did you first become interested in medicine?
W: Well, I had a friend whose mother was a doctor, and I thought her job might be interesting.
M: So how did you find out more about the job?
W: Well, I became a volunteer in a hospital and worked for a doctor. I soon realized that this career was the right one for me.
M: So what did you need to study at university?
W: I studied Healing Science, and then I received a master’s degree.
M: How long did it take you to become a qualified doctor?
W: Once I had finished my degree, I had to work for one year before I became qualified, so it took me five years.
M: How many hours do you work every day?
W: Well, I work at normal hours — nine to five.
M: What do you like most about your job?
W: It’s never boring. In fact, I feel sorry when I have to have a day off!
M: It sounds like the perfect job! Thanks for speaking with us, Cassie.
Text 10
W: Is everybody here? Good. Now listen to me carefully. I hope you’ve all had a good day today. It’s very unusual to have so much snow here at this time of year. Some of you were asking about tomorrow. Well, we’re going unless the snow gets much heavier during the night. I’ll see you back here at six o’clock. Set your alarms for 5:30 and wash up yourselves in thirty minutes. Be here tomorrow morning with everything you need. You’ve all got a list — you need a whistle in case you get separated from the rest of the group, warm clothes and gloves. A good pair of boots is important for you because we will spend at least six hours on walking. Don’t forget the maps I gave you. I suggest you not bring cameras and video cameras. You all look rather worried. There’s really no need. As long as we all stay together, we’ll have a great time. OK, it’s time we had dinner now, so if anyone has any questions, ask me on the way to the dining hall. Let’s go.




































大观念多模态视觉的高三英语读写课公开课
读后续写
上杭县才溪中学 朱九英 2022年5月25号


阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was somewhere between spring and summer，my mom and I were driving through the countryside. Back then，I was 13 years old，and always felt unhappy with mom．But little did I know that this trip was going to be a special one．A pot of flowers sat in the back seat，whose heavenly scent filled the car．
Suddenly，in the middle of nowhere，my mom pulled over．“What are you doing?”I cried，fearing that the car had broken down and we’d be stuck there，so far from home．But that wasn’t the case．My mom hopped out of the car，grabbing the flowers from the back seat．“It’ll just be a minute，”she called back through the open windows．My eyes impatiently skimmed the edge of the road before settling on a little sign showing that it was a nursing home．I looked back to the building，somewhat annoyed，as my mom reappeared—empty-handed．
Before she started the car，curiosity drove me to ask，“Do you know someone there?”She shook her head．“Then what did you do with the flowers?”She smiled slightly，“I gave them to the receptionist．” “What?”She laughed at my confusion．“I told the receptionist to give the flowers to whoever needed them，especially who hasn’t gotten any in a while．”
I kept silent for a moment．Not long after we continued our driving，I spoke again，“Did you leave your name?”To this she answered instantly，“No．Leaving flowers there for someone who will appreciate them makes me feel good，which is enough of a thank for me．”
Suddenly，still thinking about Mom’s deeds，I heard something burst loudly．It was our car that broke down! Nothing could be worse，because neither my mom nor I understood how to repair it，and we didn’t know where the garage was．It also seemed impossible to wait for any passer-by，since we had seen so few along the way．
注意：1．所续写的短文的词数应为150左右；
2续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；


Paragraph 1：
We were worrying about what could be done．_______________
Paragraph 2：
As we drove along，a flower shop came into sight__________________
整体设计思路
1. 理论依据
《普通高中英语课程标准（征求意见稿）》将英语核心素养凝练为语言能力、文化品格、思维品质和学习能力。英语学科核心素养中提出：学生应以主题意义探究为目的，以语篇为载体，在理解和表达的语言实践活动中，融合知识学习和技能发展，通过感知、预测、获取、分析、概括、比较、评价、创新等思维活动，构建结构化知识，在分析问题和解决问题的过程中发展思维品质，形成文化理解，塑造学生正确的人生观和价值观，促进英语学科核心素养的形成和发展。

2. 运用依据
关于英语课程本质和内涵的大观念，也有相对微观层面关于语言知识的内涵和教学的大观念。对教师而言，它是统领教学设计的核心理念；对学生而言，它是通过课程内容学习所达成的育人目标。具体来说，它是学生完成学习后生成的新的认知结构、解决问题的思想和方法以及价值观念，是学生可以迁移到新的情境中用于解决问题的素养，是能够对学生一生产生深远影响的观念，并会持续影响其品格、品性和行为表现。显然， 有关特定主题的大观念通过单一语篇的学习是难以实现的。学生只有从多角度建构相关主题的知识，挖掘单元内不同语篇背后的深层意义，才能形成相对完整的对该主题的认知、价值判断和行为取向。
模态morality及感官多模态及多感官多感官，并用学习营造了一个充盈的学习体验
简单的说在教学中把文本文字或教师口头传递的单一模态，互动方式增加，其他如视觉听觉等方式就是多模态的方式

3. 教材分析及设计思路
本文所提供的阅读材料是一篇记叙文。本次的设计关注内容、思维和语言三者的有机融合，从文本解读、课堂目标、信息加工、写作策略等多个方面，落实读写过程。该文本主要讲述了处于青春叛逆期的我和妈妈在开车路途中，妈妈突然下车把后座的花送给经过的老人院，并且没有留下姓名。我对妈妈此行为极度不理解，产生了丰富的情感变化。试题中给出两个续写段落的首句分别是：（1）We were worried about what could be done. （2）As we drove along, a flower shop came into sight. 故事情节简单清楚，人物关系简单，主人公“我”的情绪发展线索清晰，细节描写丰富。文本可读性强，阅读难度不高，有助于激发学生的想象力，也能让学生提笔进行续写。根据该文本的特点，教师让学生通过文本细节解读，更好理解文本，通过问题链的形式帮助学生开拓思维。学生续写时根据首句，情感线建立情节与内容支架，让想象力更有合理性和融洽性。
4. 学情分析  
本课的授课对象为高三学生。在平时的考练中有获取和分析基本信息的能力，但深层次的文本解读、主题升华和语言美化方面显然是薄弱环节。由于一节课的课上时间有限，课前学生会被要求提前对文章做简单阅读，已节省课上阅读环节的时间！
二、教学目标
By the end of the class, students will be able to
1. obtain a good understanding of the whole text;
2. apply the skills on continuation writing to continue the story;

三、教学重难点
1. Analyze how and why writer’s feelings changed;
2. Enable students to learn how to continue the story according to the plots and change of emotion;
3. Strengthen the ability of critical reading, therefore developing students’ critical and creative thinking.
四、教学过程
Step 1 Lead in
Show a joke
【设计意图】通过观看 a joke聊天的形式，能让学生在轻松的氛围中进入本节课。
Step 2 Read for main idea
Ask students to conclude the main idea by filing the key words.
【设计意图】使学生关注文章主题。

Step 3 Read for plots
Ask Ss to complete the development of the story through a chain of questions
Q1: What did happen during the trip?
Q2: Before mom sent the flowers, what did I feel?
Q3: When mom sent the flowers , what did I feel?
Q4: After that, what did I feel?
Q5: What happened after we restarted the car?
Q6：What would happen next?
Q7: Would my feeling towards mom’s deeds change after that? And how?
【设计意图】使学生通过回答有关故事发展的问题链回顾文章，理清文章主要情节，梳理语篇内容的推进方向并关注作者情感变，思考原文作者写作意图，以此来判断续写的方向。。
Step 4 Prediction (discuss in group of 4)
Ask students to discuss the development of para. 1 and para. 2 according to the given sentence of each para and 10 underlined words.
Para 1 Q1: Who repaired their car?（Why is it the receptionist but a passer-by who repaired their car?）
Q2: In para 1, they were worrying about what could be done, so how to
show the worries?
Q3: Why did you think their car was repaired?
Q3：Which underlined words can be used in this para?
Para 2 Q1: Why did the writer buy the flowers?
Q2: Back to then before our car broke down, the writer was thinking about mom’s deeds, so did she understand her mom’s deeds at last?
Q3：How to show her understanding of her mom’s deeds?
【设计意图】通过读续写段落的首句，抓住关键信息推断续写段落之间的逻辑关系，以及各段的主要内容,通过教师追问使学生关注续写的依据及写作技巧，就学生分享的 故事发展设置问题链，使学生一步步深入理解故事的发展脉络。教师精心搭建的支架对学生“读后续写”的思路有一定的导向性，有助于学生与原文的作者产生共鸣并对段落中情感的表达进行举例，让学生更加容易下笔。
Step 5 Continue the story
【设计意图】根据前面写作内容、语言和逻辑的铺垫，学生课堂实践。
Step 7 Assess the writing
【设计意图】通过分享评价学生作品，学生能更深刻理解读后续写要注意的写作要点。同时，这也有助于学生改进自己的续写作品。通过一起评价习作，进一步总结和指导续写的写作技巧。
Step 8 Assignment：1. Continue the rest part of the story. 2. Polish your writing with partners.