中考英语二轮复习阅读理解专练09 保护考拉，刻不容缓、海姆利克急救法、机器尾巴或帮助老人保持平衡（含解析）

这是一份中考英语二轮复习阅读理解专练09 保护考拉，刻不容缓、海姆利克急救法、机器尾巴或帮助老人保持平衡（含解析），共12页。

题型：阅读理解
主题语境：动物
语篇类型：说明文
词数：260
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：7分钟
The Australian Kala Fundatin says Australia has lst abut 30 percent f its kalas ver the past three years. The nn-prfit(非营利) grup says drughts(干旱)，wildfires and develpment prjects played a part in the drp in the kala ppulatin. They are strngly advising the gvernment t d mre t prtect the animal's envirnment.
The grup guesses the kala ppulatin has drpped t less than 58,000 this year frm mre than80,000 in 2018. The biggest decrease is in the state f New Suth Wales, where the number f kalas has drpped by 41 percent. Debrah Tabart, leader f the Australian Kala Fundatin, called the drp “quite dramatic”.Only ne area in the study is thught t have mre than 5,000 kalas. Sme areas are believed t have as few as five r ten.
Tabart said the cuntry needs a kala prtectin law. She added, “What we wrry abut is places like western New Suth Wales where drughts have lasted fr ver ten years. Nw, the effect is beginning t shw up—river systems cmpletely dry and red gum trees(红桉树)，which are the lifebld f kalas,are dead.”
The lss in New Suth Wales likely sped up after large frest areas were destryed(毁坏) by wildfires in late 2019 and early 2020. Sme f thse areas already had n kalas. Land clearing by building develpers and rad builders has als destryed the kala's envirnment.
“I think everyne gets it, and we've gt t change.But if thse building-machines keep wrking, then I really fear fr the kalas,”Tabart said.
1.What did the grup advise the gvernment t d?
A. Save kalas frm dying ut.
B. Stp all develpment prjects.
C. Put ut the wildfire immediately.
D. Prvide enugh water fr kalas.
2.What des the underlined wrd“dramatic”in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Exciting. B. Surprising.C. Relaxing. D. Interesting.
3.Hw des the writer tell us abut kalas' situatin in Paragraph 2?
A. By listing numbers.
B. By giving examples.
C. By asking questins.
D. By analyzing facts.
4. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t Tabart?
A. New Suth Wales is the nly place they care abut.
B. The rivers and red gum trees are influenced by the kalas.
C. Australia needs t make a law t prtect the kalas.
D. Everyne understands that building- machines shuld stp wrking.
5.What's the main idea f the passage?
A. Sme are hunting kalas in Australia.
B. Kalas in Australia are in great danger.
C. Develpment has put kalas in danger.
D. Everyne shuld take actins t prtect Kalas.
【译文】
澳大利亚考拉基金会表示，在过去的三年间，澳大利亚失去了约30%的考拉。该非营利组织表示，干旱、野火和开发项目是考拉数量减少的一部分原因。他们强烈建议政府采取更多的措施来保护考拉的生存环境。
该组织估计，考拉的数量已经由2018年的8万多只减少到今年的不足 5.8万只。减少幅度最大的是新南威尔士州，那里的考拉数量减少了 41%。Debrah Tabart是澳大利亚考拉基金会的主席，她称这种减少“非常令人吃惊”。研究发现只有一个地区被认为有超过5000只的考拉。据信一些地区只有5或10只考拉了。
Tabart表示，该国需要制定一部考拉保护法。她补充说：“我们担心的是像新南威尔士州西部这样已经干旱了10多年的地方。现在，干旱的影响已经开始逐步显现——河流系统完全干涸，考拉赖以生存的红桉树也枯死了。”
在大面积的森林地区于2019年底和2020年初被野火毁坏后，新南威尔士州的损失可能更加严重了。其中有些地区早已没有考拉了。建筑开发商和道路建设者进行的土地清理也毁坏了考拉的生存环境。
Tabart说：“我想每个人都知道这个情况，而且我们必须做出改变。但如果这些建筑机器继续工作，那我真的很为考拉担心。”
【语篇解读】
澳大利亚是考拉的故乡，但是近三年考拉数量急剧下降，它们的命运着实让人担忧。有关组织呼吁政府尽快采取措施来保护考拉。
【答案详析】
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The Australian Kala Fundatin says Australia has lst abut 30 percent f its kalas ver the past three years.”和最后一句“They are strngly advising the gvernment t d mre t prtect the animal's envirnment.”可知，在过去三年间，澳大利亚失去了大约30%的考拉.这个组织强烈建议政府采取更多措施保护它们的环境。由此可知，这个组织建议政府采取措施来保护考拉，防止它们灭绝。
2.B词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“the number f kalas has drpped by 41 percent"可知，考拉数量减少了41%，这个速度是十分惊人的，故surprising与画线词意思相近。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the kala ppulatin has drpped t less than 58,000 this year frm mre than 80.000 in 2018”“the number f kalas has drpped by 41 percent" 及“Only ne mre than 5,000 kalas. Sme areas are believed t have as few as five r ten.”可知，作者通过列举一些数据来说明考拉目前的状况。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Tabart said the cuntry needs a kala prtectin law.”可知，Tabart认为澳大利亚需要制定法律来保护考拉。
5.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章一开始指出澳大利亚的考拉在过去三年里数量急剧下降，接下来通过列举数据的方法指出考拉目前的状况不容乐观，故B项“澳大利亚考拉处境危险”可概括文章大意。
【长难句分析】
原句：（第三段第二句）She added，“What we wrry abut is places like western New Suth Wales where drughts have lasted fr ver ten years...”
译文：她补充说：“我们担心的是像新南威尔士州西部这样已经干旱了十多年的地方··……”
分析：引号内是一个复合句。What we wrry abut为what引导的主语从句，作整个句子的主语；where drughts have lasted fr ver ten years为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词western
New Suth Wales。
中考时文阅读练习----海姆利克急救法
题型：阅读理解
主题语境：急救
语篇类型：记叙文
词数：238
难度：★★★★☆
建议用时：8分钟
A by helped save the life f his friend frm chking(噎) in the dining hall at schl while having their lunch there. A vide f the incident(事故) has been watched by many peple nline.
In the vide.freshman Jacksn just gt a seat and ate his chicken sandwich. Suddenly the fd stuck(卡住) in his thrat and he hiccuped(打嗝). Hunter Olsen sat acrss frm Jacksn. He thught
that Jacksn was just jking and laughed at it alng with his friends.
But sn it became clear that Jacksn was really chking and tried t cugh the fd ut. He pinted t his thrat t tell Hunter that he was nt playing. Hunter realized that he had t "d smething”and used the Heimlich maneuver(海姆立克急救法).Finally,with Hunter's help,Jacksn cughed the fd ut and culd breathe again.
Ms. Hwa,wh had taught them the Heimlich maneuver during her health class, said she culdn't believe her ears when she heard what had happened. But she was ver the mn t knw hw her student put what she had taught int practice. She was s prud f Hunter.
Hunter said at that time he hadn't paid much attentin t Ms. Hwa's class, but that her great teaching had helped him knw what t d when needed. Then he said, "I just thught that ding smething was better than ding nthing."
1.Why did Hunter laugh with his friends?
A.Because his friends were telling jkes.
B.Because he saw the fd stuck in Jacksn's thrat.
C. Because he thught Jacksn was fling.
D.Because Jacksn lked very funny when he hiccuped.
2.When did Hunter realize Jacksn was really chking?
A. When he just sat dwn with his friends.
B. When Jacksn started t hiccup
C. When his friends began t laugh.
D.When Jacksn pinted t his thrat.
3. Hw d yu understand the underlined sentence?
A. Ms. Hwa went ver t see what had happened.
B. Ms. Hwa felt happy with what Hunter had dne.
C. Ms. Hwa didn't believe Hunter had saved Jacksn.
D. Ms. Hwa wanted t knw hw Hunter saved Jacksn.
4.What did Hunter think f Ms. Hwa's health class befre the incident?
A.It was very imprtant.
B.It was nt very useful.
C. It was very interesting.
D. It was t difficult.
5. The writer wrte the passage t______.
A.tell a stry that a by save his friend
B. intrduce what the Heimlic maneuver is
C. warn us nt t play jkes whi having a meal
D. teach hw t use the Heimlich maneuver
【译文】
在学校食堂吃午饭时，一个男生救了他被噎到的朋友。很多人在网上看到了事故的视频。
视频中，大一新生Jacksn刚找到座位，吃着他的鸡肉三明治。突然，食物卡住了Jacksn的喉咙，他开始打嗝。Hunter Olsen 坐在 Jacksn 对面。他以为Jacksn只是在开玩笑，便和身边的朋友们一起为此笑了起来。
但事情很快就明了了，Jacksn是真的被噎住了，他试图把食物咳出来。Jacksn指着自己的喉咙向Hunter证明他不是在表演。Hunter意识到自己必须“做点什么”，于是他马上实施了海姆立克急救法。终于，在 Hunter 的帮助下，Jacksn咳出了食物，又可以呼吸了。
Hwa 老师在健康课上教过他们海姆立克急救法。她说当她得知发生的事情时，她简直不敢相信自己的耳朵。但当了解学生将她所传授的东西付诸实践后，她非常开心。她为Hunter感到非常骄傲。
Hunter称，当时，他没有特别关注Hwa老师的课，但Hwa老师出色的教学让他知道了在需要出现时该如何应对。他接着说：“我当时只觉得做点什么比什么都不做要好。”
【语篇解读】
Jacksn正在餐厅吃饭，突然被噎住了。他的朋友们一开始都认为他在恶作剧，后来Hunter及时反应了过来，并用海姆立克急救法救了Jacksn。
【答案详析】
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He thught that Jacksn was just jking and laughed at it alng with his friends.”可知，Hunter和朋友们一起大笑是因为他认为Jacksn在和他们开玩笑。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He pinted t his thrat t tell Hunter that he was nt playing.Hunter realized that he had t‘d smething' and used the Heimlich maneuver.'可知，当Jacksn指着自己的喉咙时，Hunter意识到他真的被食物噎住了。
3.B推理判断题。根据画线句以及下一句“She was s prud f Hunter.”可知.Hunter用Hwa老师教的方法救了别人，Hwa 老师为他感到骄傲，内心应该很高兴。ver the mn意为“欣喜若狂”。
4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hunter said at that time he hadn't paid much attentin t Ms.Hwa's class"可知，当时Hunter 没有过多关注Hwa老师的课程，故判断他当时认为Hwa老师的课程不是很实用。
5. A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个男孩救了自己的朋友的故事。
【长难句分析】
原句：(倒数第二段第一句)Ms.Hwa, wh had taught them the Heimlich maneuver during her health class, said she culdn't believe her ears when she heard what had happened.
译文：Hwa老师在健康课上教过他们海姆立克急救法，她说当她听到发生的事情时，她简直不敢相信自己的耳朵。
分析：这是一个复合句。wh引导非限制性定语从句，对 Ms. Hwa进行补充说明；she culdn' had happened 为省略了that的宾语从句，作said的宾语。在该宾语从句中，为when引导的时间状语从句：该状语从句中还包含一个what引导的宾语从句，作heard的宾语。
中考时文阅读练习----机器尾巴或帮助老人保持平衡
题型：阅读理解
主题语境：发明与技术
语篇类型：说明文
词数：194
难度：★★★★☆
建议用时：8分钟
It's knwn that mst animals have tails. But why dn't humans have them? Well, millins f years ag, humans did have tails, but we slwly lst them.Hwever,a team has built a rbtic tail fr ld peple t help them keep their balance(平衡).
The tail is ne meter lng. Peple can wear it arund their waist(腰).“The tail wrks like a pendulum n the clck,"said a scientist frm the tail's develpment team.When the bdy leans(倾斜) ne way, the tail mves in a different directin.The rbtic tail wrks like a seahrse's tail.It has a set f plastic vertebrae(塑料椎骨)t make it mve easily. Users can take sme f its parts ut t make the tail lighter.
There are a grwing number f ld peple arund the wrld. Sme f them will lse their balance and can't walk well because f their ages. This tail can help them get arund mre easily. The develpment team is als lking at ther pssible uses fr the tail. It culd help wrkers keep their balance while they are carrying heavy things. It culd als give gamers a better experience when they play VR(虚拟现实）games.
1.What can the rbtic tail help ld peple d?
A. Keep their balance. B. Carry things. C. Walk fast. D. Exercise.
2.What's the meaning f the underlined wrd “pendulum"in Chinese?
A.指针 B. 表盘 C.发条 D. 钟摆
3. Accrding t Paragraph 2, which f the fllwing are TRUE abut the rbtic tail?
a. It is ne meter lng.
b. Peple can make it lighter.
c.It mves in the same directin as ur bdy.
d. It wrks like a seahrse's tail.
A. abc B. abd C. acd D. bed
4.Wh may nt use the tail?
A. Jhn, 6 mnths ld, wh cannt walk.
B. Daisy, 65 years ld, wh cannt walk well by herself.
C. Thmas, 20 years ld, wh likes playing VR games.
D. Eden,31 years ld,a wrker,wh ften carries heavy things.
5.The passage mainly talks abut_____.
A. animals' tails
B.the imprtance f keeping balance
C.the rbtic tail fr humans
D. the imprtance f helping ld peple
【译文】
众所周知，大多数动物都有尾巴，但为什么人类没有呢？其实，数百万年前，人类确实有尾巴，但我们渐渐失去了它们。然而，为帮助老年人保持平衡，一个团队为他们制造了一种机械尾巴。
这个尾巴一米长。人们可以把它戴在腰间。“这个尾巴像钟表上的钟摆一样。”尾巴研发团队的一位科学家说。当身体朝一个方向倾斜时，这条尾巴朝着不同的方向移动。机械尾巴的工作原理和海马的尾巴类似。它有一套塑料椎骨，这使它可以轻松地移动。用户可以取出一部分来使尾巴更轻便。
世界上的老年人越来越多。他们中的一些人会因为年纪大而失去平衡，走路不稳。这种尾巴可以帮助他们行动更方便。研发团队还在研究机械尾巴其他可能的用途。它可以帮助工人在搬运重物时保持平衡，还可以让游戏玩家在玩虚拟现实游戏时获得更好的体验。
【语篇解读】
为了帮助老年人更好地保持身体平衡，科学家发明了一种机械尾巴。本文主要介绍了机械尾巴的工作原理及用途。
【答案详析】
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Hwever,a team has built a rbtic tail fr ld peple t help them keep their balance.”可知，机械尾巴可以帮助老人保持平衡。
2.D 词义猜测题。根据上文可知，机械尾巴可以帮助老人保持平衡；再结合画线词所在句的下一句“When the bdy leans ne way, the tail mves in a different directin.”可知，当身体朝一个方向倾斜时，这条尾巴朝着不同的方向移动。由此可知，机械尾巴通过来回摆动来帮助人保持平衡，故推测它就像钟表上的钟摆一样。pendulum意为“钟摆”。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The tail is ne meter lng.”可知，机械尾巴有一米长；根据第二段中的“The rbtic tail wrks like a seahrse's tail.”可知，机械尾巴的工作原理和海马的尾巴类似；根据第二段最后两句“It has a set f plastic vertebrae... make the tail lighter.”可知，机械尾巴由一套塑料椎骨组装而成，用户可以取出一部分来使它更轻便。故abd正确。
4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，机械尾巴可以帮助那些行动不便的老人、搬运重物的工人和玩虚拟现实游戏的玩家。结合选项可知，A项“不会走路的6个月大的Jhn”不是机械尾巴的帮助对象。
5.C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种给人类使用的机械尾巴，包括它的工作原理及用途，故C项“给人类使用的机械尾巴”符合文章主旨。
【长难句分析】
原句：(最后一段最后一句)It culd als give分析：本句是一个复合句。when they play VR games为when引导的时间状语从句。gamers a better experience when they play VR games.
译文：它还可以让玩家在玩虚拟现实游戏时获得更好的体验。
分析：本句是一个复合句。when they play VR games为when引导的时间状语从句。