重庆市第二十九中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份重庆市第二十九中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中英语试题（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了5 分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(满分：150分 时间：120分钟)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第·节(共5 小题：每小题1.5 分。满分7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后， 你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读·遍。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第·小题的有 关内容。
1.Which instrument has the man already wned?
A.A vilin B.Drums, C.A pian
2.What des the candy taste like?
A.Swect and sur. B.Sur and salty. C.Sweet and salty.
3.What des the wman dislike?
A.Suying utside fr a lng timc.
B.Tuming the air n.
C.Kceping the windws clscd.
4.Why is the wman grwing sunflwers?
A.T cnjy the fwers.
B.T cat the seeds.
C.T get the seeds fr the man.
5.What’s the rclatinship bctween the spcakers?
A.Shp assistant and custmer.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Interviewer and intervicwec.
第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分)
听下面5段对话成独片，每及对话或独内后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C 一个选项中选出最作选的 每段对话成独白的，你将有时的须各个小题。每小题5:听光后，各小题将给5秒种的作答时间。每段对 话或独白读两遍。
听下而一段对话，回答第6和第7小题。
6.What des the man keep ding?
A.Lifting wcights.
B.Adding mre excrcise t the wman.
CTelling the wman t take a break.
7.What des the wman prbably think abut the cxercise?
A.It’s usclcss. B.It’s difficult C.It’s cxciting
听下面·段对话，回答第8至10三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这二个小题。
8.What will the wcathcr be likc accrding t the man?
A.It’ll snw. B.It’ll rain C.It’ll have ice.
9.When did the man mve t this area?
A.In the winter. B.In the autumn. C.In the spring.
10.Hw big d ice balls usually gct in this arca?
A.An inch wide. B.Half an inch wide. C.Tw inches wide.
听下面·段对话，回答第11至第13 小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅试这三个小题。
11.Hw lng will the man’s shw be?
A.20 minutcs. B.10 minutcs. C.5 minutes.
12.What advice did the wman give the man befre?
A.Clsing his eyes t be calm.
B.Pretending the peple ar cabbnge.
C.Remembering the lines frm a mvic.
13.What sccms t be the wman’s hpe fr the man?
A.T enjy himsclf
B.T make the crwd laugh.
C.T impress the judges
听下面-段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。现在你有15秒忡的时间阅读这三个小题。
14.Hw will the wman keep Chinese traditins alive while in America?
ABy eating Chinese fd.
B.By talking t thers abut China.
C.By watching Chinese mvics.
15.Hw will the wman deal with cultural difterences?
A.Respect ther cultures.
B.Fllw her wn custm.
C.Fllw ther cuntries’fashins.
16.Whm will the wman make friends with?
A.Pcple frm everywhere.
B.Only Americans.
C.Only Chinesc.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。
17.Hw des the speaker sund?
A.Cheerful. B.Cnfident. C.Wrried.
18.What was the main subjcct f the study?
A.Having diferent entertainment.
B.Fighting against hcar disease.
C.Sitting t much time.
19.When was the end f the study?
A.In 2016. B.In 2001. C.In 2017.
20.Which age grup had the biggest amunt f pcple watching TV?
A.Children. B.The elderly. C.Teenagers.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Everyne thinks it rains all the time in Lndn. In fact, Lndn has sme great weather during late spring, summer, and early autumn. Fr these reasns, Lndners all knw that n a sunny day,the perfect place t g is the parks acrss the city. Here I’ll share my list f the best parks in Lndn.
Alexandra Park
This 196-acre park is a heaven fr Nrth Lndn,with familics,dg wners,and runners explring its winding paths in search f a break frm ciy life.Visitrs will find sprts facilties(设施),a skatebarding park and a children’s playgrund.The park als hsts an excellent farmer’s market mst weeks n Sundays.
Chelsea Embankment Gardens
Lcated between Cheyne Walk and Chelsea Embankment, the Chelsea Embankment Gardens are little-knwn t mst visitrs t Lndn. The beautiful gardens pened in 1874.There are all kinds f lwers in spring and summer, especially dahlias(大丽花),plus bench(长)scattering and plenty f trees t prvide shade when the weather is sunny.
Finsbury Cireus Garden
While all Lndn parks have a fair share f histry behind them,Finsbury Circus Garden stands ut fr being the fig public park in the city,dating frm 1607.It is als the largest public pen spacc in the Square Mile.Hwevcr,the present gardn sill keeps the riginal(最初的) lk designed by Charles Dance the Yunger in 1815.It’s well knwn fr its Lndn plane trees and fine Japanese Pagda tree——the nly ne in the city.
Hlland Park
Nt nly is Hlland Park nc f the best Lndn parks,but it is als ne f the finest.What stands ut the mst frm Hlland Park are the lwers.It was the Earl f Hlland’s wife wh first successfully grew dahlias in England!The dahlias are still grwn within the park’s SS acres.in summer, pen-air theatre and pera are staged in the park.
1. Which place may children like the mst?
A. Alexandra Park.B. Hlland Park.
C. Finsbury Circus Garden.D. Chelsea Embankment Gardens.
2. What is special abut Finsbury Circus Garden?
A. It is famus fr its trees.
B. It ffers benches fr visitrs.
C. It is the largest park in Lndn.
D. It is designed by the Earl f Hlland’s wife.
3. What d Chelsca Embankment Gardens and Hlland Park have in cmmn?
A. They hld pera shws.B. They have dahlias.
C. They are little-knwn t Lndners.D. They hst farmer’s markets.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦的一些最好的公园。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Alexandra Park部分的“Visitrs will find sprts facilties(设施),a skatebarding park and a children’s playgrund.(游客们可以在这里找到体育设施、滑板公园和儿童游乐场。)”可推知，儿童可能最喜欢Alexandra Park。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Finsbury Circus Garden部分的“It’s well knwn fr its Lndn plane trees and fine Japanese Pagda tree——the nly ne in the city.(它以伦敦梧桐树和精致的日本槐树而闻名——这是这座城市唯一的一棵。)”可知，Finsbury Circus Garden这个公园的特殊之处在于它著名的树。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chelsea Embankment Gardens部分的“There are all kinds f lwers in spring and summer, especially dahlias(大丽花), plus bench(长)scattering and plenty f trees t prvide shade when the weather is sunny.(春天和夏天有各种各样的花，尤其是大丽花，加上散布的长凳和大量的树木，当天气晴朗时提供遮阳。)”和Hlland Park部分的“The dahlias are still grwn within the park’s SS acres. (大丽花仍然生长在公园的SS英亩内。)”可知，这两个公园的特殊之处在于都有大丽花。故选B。
B
Max reads mre than anyne he knws. He lves t read during all f his free time. His friends laugh at him because he wuld rather read than play vide games, but his parents and his teachers are prud f him. They say reading is imprtant, and it will help him learn abut the wrld arund him. They als tell him it is a gd habit.
One day Max was reading a magazine article abut vlcans(火山). He tld his friends all abut vlcans and what causes them t erupt. The very next week, the teacher started a science prject abut vlcanes. Guess wh everyne wanted in their prject grup! Max’s friends weren’t laughing at him anymre.
Max ended up being in a grup with Liz, Anna and Jsh. The wrk was t create a pster bard with infrmatin abut vlcanes and t build a vlcan mdel. Max made cpies f the magazine article abut vlcanes s his prject partners culd read abut them t. They als went t the library t lk fr mre infrmatin abut vlcans.
The grup met at Anna’s huse that night t rganise the infrmatin and decide what they wanted t put n the pster bard. They all asked Max what he thught was mst imprtant. Then they decided tgether t d what Max said. The next night they met at Jsh’s huse t build their vlcan. They used cardbard and mdeling clay. First they made a vlcan shape with the cardbard, and then they cvered the shape in brwn and red clay.
The vlcan lked great. Max, Liz, Anna and Jsh were very prud f their hard wrk. When they turned in their prject, their teacher was prud t. Thanks t Max’s gd habit they came an A +n bth parts f the prject.
4. Why d Max’s friends laugh at him?
A. He is weak in all the sprts.B. All the teachers nly like him.
C. He and his parents always stay at hme.D. He likes reading instead f playing vide games.
5. What made everyne want Max in their grup?
A. His friendliness.B. His gd marks
C. His knwledge f vlcanes.D. His writing skills.
6. What did Max d fr the science prject?
A. He bught the clay t build the vlcan.
B. He prvided his idea f what was mst imprtant.
C. He went t the library alne t lk fr mre infrmatin.
D. He read the magazine article abut vlcanes t his partners.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Preparing fr a Science PrjectB. Building Teamwrk
C. Max’s Gd HabitD. Making a Vlcan Mdel
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了马克斯因为喜欢阅读而不喜欢玩电子游戏被朋友们嘲笑，结果马克斯因为阅读了火山知识，大家都想和他一个小组，最后他们的小组作业取得了优异的成绩。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“His friends laugh at him because he wuld rather read than play vide games, but his parents and his teachers are prud f him.(他的朋友嘲笑他，因为他宁愿读书也不愿玩电子游戏，但他的父母和老师都为他感到骄傲)”可知，麦克斯的朋友们嘲笑他因为他喜欢阅读而不是玩电子游戏。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“One day Max was reading a magazine article abut vlcans(火山). He tld his friends all abut vlcans and what causes them t erupt. The very next week, the teacher started a science prject abut vlcanes.(一天，马克斯正在杂志上读一篇关于火山的文章。他告诉他的朋友关于火山的一切以及火山喷发的原因。就在第二周，老师开始了一个关于火山的科学项目)”可知，大家想要马克斯进组是因为他的火山知识。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“They all asked Max what he thught was mst imprtant.Then they decided tgether t d what Max said.(他们都问马克斯他认为什么是最重要的。然后他们一起决定按照麦克斯说的去做。)”可知，马克斯提出了的东西是最重要的。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Max reads mre than anyne he knws. He lves t read during all f his free time. His friends laugh at him because he wuld rather read than play vide games, but his parents and his teachers are prud f him. They say reading is imprtant, and it will help him learn abut the wrld arund him. They als tell him it is a gd habit.(马克斯比他认识的任何人都爱读书。他喜欢在所有的空闲时间里读书。他的朋友嘲笑他，因为他宁愿读书也不愿玩电子游戏，但他的父母和老师都为他感到骄傲。他们说阅读很重要，它可以帮助他了解周围的世界。他们还告诉他这是一个好习惯)”结合文章主要讲述了马克斯因为喜欢阅读而不是玩电子游戏被朋友们嘲笑，结果马克斯因为阅读了火山知识，大家都想和他一个小组，最后他们的小组作业取得了优异的成绩。可知，C选项“马克斯的好习惯”最符合文章标题。故选C。
C
The jack fruit is a delicius fruit fund thrughut certain parts f Asia. But there is mre t the fruit than just its taste. When cnsidering the fruit’s English name, it is easy t becme verwhelmed with questins like: “Wh is Jack? And why des he have his wn fruit?”
Surprisingly, “jack fruit” isn’t a persn’s name at all. The fruit’s name riginally cmes frm the suthern Indian wrd chakka pazham, with India thught t be the fruit’s place f rigin. Prtuguese explrers wh jurneyed t this regin went n t call it jack, which leads us t the current English name f jack fruit, accrding t Natinal Public Radi(NPR). Unfrtunately, n ne called Jack has been prven t be invlved at any pint in this prcess.
There is anther fd, hwever, that was directly named after a persn—the sandwich. In the 18th century, playing card games late int the night became fashinable in British high sciety. Jhn Mntagu, the 4th Earl f Sandwich, started the habit f rdering pieces f cld beef between tw pieces f bread in rder t get a late-night snack withut having t leave the gaming table r use a knife and frk.
This newly-created snack kept hands clean s card players culd cntinue n withut dirtying their cards. The midnight snack quickly became ppular amng everyday peple, and befre lng everyne was making their wn sandwiches. That is hw the sandwich was invented and gt its name.
Away frm the wrld f fd, there are mre examples f names inspired by peple. Lng jhns, the warm trusers that keep us warm in winter, are said t have been named after the US bxer Jhn L. Sullivan wh tk t wearing a similar type f garment in the ring (比赛).
There are many ther interesting etymlgies(词源) in the English language like these. S the next time yu find an interesting name, why nt explre its histry t?
8. What des the underlined wrd “verwhelmed” in the first paragraph prbably mean?
A. Puzzled.B. Excited.C. Wrried.D. Annyed.
9. Where des the jack fruit’s name cme frm?
A. A place in India.B. An Indian wrd.
C. A Prtuguese explrer.D. A discverer f the fruit.
10. What d we knw abut the sandwich accrding t the text?
A. It was named after a ppular card game.
B. It was nce eaten as a snack in the daytime.
C. It was first ppular amng the UK’s middle class.
D. It was created fr the cnvenience f playing cards.
11. What is the authr’s purpse in writing this article?
A. T raise readers’ interest in etymlgy.B. T intrduce things named after peple.
C. T stress the imprtance f learning histry.D. T explain the effects f peple’s names n fd.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英语中一些单词的起源以及背后的故事。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文““Wh is Jack? And why des he have his wn fruit?””可知，人们对这种水果的名字存在疑问“杰克是谁？他为什么有自己的果子呢？”，即对名字感到困惑。故划线词意思是“困惑的”。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The fruit’s name riginally cmes frm the suthern Indian wrd chakka pazham, with India thught t be the fruit’s place f rigin.(这种水果的名字最初来自印度南部的单词chakka pazham，印度被认为是这种水果的原产地)”可知，杰克果的名字从一个印度词来的。故选B。
10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In the 18th century, playing card games late int the night became fashinable in British high sciety. Jhn Mntagu, the 4th Earl f Sandwich, started the habit f rdering pieces f cld beef between tw pieces f bread in rder t get a late-night snack withut having t leave the gaming table r use a knife and frk.(在18世纪，打牌玩到深夜在英国上流社会成为一种时尚。三明治伯爵四世Jhn Mntagu养成了把冷牛肉夹在两片面包之间点餐的习惯，这样就不用离开赌桌或使用刀叉就能吃到夜宵)”可知，三明治是为了方便打牌而发明的。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are many ther interesting etymlgies (词源) in the English language like these. S the next time yu find an interesting name, why nt explre its histry t?(在英语中还有许多其他像这些有趣的词源。所以，下次当你发现一个有趣的名字时，为什么不去探索一下它的历史呢？)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提高读者对词源学的兴趣。故选A。
D
My father tld me a family stry abut his mther, my grandmther.
In 1949, my father had just returned hme frm the war. On every American highway yu culd see sldiers in unifrm hitchhiking (搭便车) hme t their families, as was the custm at that time in America.
Sadly, the excitement f this reunin with his family sn disappeared. My grandmther became very ill and had t be in hspital. The dctrs tld my father that she needed a bld transfusin immediately r she wuldn’t live thrugh the night. The prblem was that Grandmther’s bld types was AB-, a very rare type even tday, but even harder t get then because there were n bld banks r air flights t ship bld. All the family members had their bld tested, but nt ne member was a match. S the dctrs gave the family n hpe; my grandmther was dying.
My father left the hspital in tears t gather up all the family members, s that everyne wuld get a chance t tell Grandmther gd-bye. As my father was driving dwn the highway, he passed a sldier in unifrm hitchhiking hme t his family. Deep in sadness, my father had n inclinatin at that mment t d a gd deed. Yet it was almst as if smething utside himself pulled him t a stp, and he waited as the stranger climbed int the car.
My father was t upset t even ask the sldier his name, but the sldier nticed my father’s tears right away and asked why. My father tld this ttal stranger everything.
It gt very quiet in the car. Then this sldier reached his hand ut t my father, in which rested the dg tags frm arund his neck. The bld type n the tags was AB-. The sldier tld my father t turn the car arund and get him t the hspital.
My grandmther lived until 1996, and t this day n ne in ur family knws the sldier’s name. But my father has ften wndered, was he a sldier r an angel in unifrm?
12. Why did the authr’s father leave the hspital?
A. T buy smething necessary fr Grandmther.
B. T ask the family members t have their bld tested.
C. T pickup a sldier whse bld type was the same as Grandmther’s.
D. T gather the family members t pay their last respects t Grandmther.
13. Accrding t the passage,which f the fllwing is true?
A. After her serius illness, Grandmther lived 47 years.
B. Grandmther’s children refused t help her.
C. My father has frgtten the sldier.
D. The dctrs didn’t try t save Grandmther.
14. Frm the sentence “my father had n inclinatin at that mment t d a gd deed” in paragraph 4, what can we can infer?
A. The authr’s father intended t ffer his help.
B. The authr’s father was willing t help the sldier.
C. The authr’s father was scheduled t d a gd deed.
D. The authr’s father was t sad t help thers.
15. What may be the best title fr the passage?
A. A Strange SldierB. An Unexpected Git
C. An Angel in UnifrmD. An Unknwn Sldier
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者的父亲从战场上回来后，祖母病得很重，而且必须立即输血，不然就活不过去，但是家里没有一个人和祖母的血型匹配。父亲当时很绝望地开车离开医院，想要去召集家人来和祖母告别，结果在路上无意让一个士兵搭了便车，结果这个士兵和祖母的血型正好匹配，因此救了祖母的故事。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“My father left the hspital in tears t gather up all the family members, s that everyne wuld get a chance t tell Grandmther gd-bye. (我父亲流着泪离开了医院，要去把所有的家庭成员聚集在一起，这样每个人都有机会向祖母告别)”可知，作者的父亲离开医院，是为了把家人聚集在一起向祖母做最后的告别。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 1949, my father had just returned hme frm the war.(1949年，我父亲刚从战场上回来)”、第三段第一二句提到“Sadly, the excitement f this reunin with his family sn disappeared. My grandmther became very ill and had t be in hspital.(可悲的是，与家人团聚的兴奋很快就消失了。我祖母病得很重，不得不住院)”以及最后一段中“My grandmther lived until 1996, and t this day n ne in ur family knws the sldier’s name.(我的祖母活到1996年，直到今天我们家没有人知道那个士兵的名字)”可知，祖母是父亲回来那一年生病的，重病之后活到了1996年，即活了1996-1949=47年。A选项“重病之后，祖母活了47年”正确。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。第四段第二句提到“As my father was driving dwn the highway, he passed a sldier in unifrm hitchhiking hme t his family. Deep in sadness, (当我父亲沿着高速公路开车时，他从一个搭车回家的穿制服的士兵身边经过。处于深深悲伤中)”以及后文“Yet it was almst as if smething utside himself pulled him t a stp, and he waited as the stranger climbed int the car.(然而，就好像是外面有什么东西让他停了下来，他等着那个陌生人进到车里)”可知，作者的父亲开车在高速公路上行驶时，他遇到了一个穿制服的士兵搭车回家，父亲沉浸在悲痛之中，其实当时根本没有要去做好事的意愿。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中“Then this sldier reached his hand ut t my father, in which rested the dg tags frm arund his neck. The bld type n the tags was AB-. The sldier tld my father t turn the car arund and get him t the hspital.(然后这个士兵把手伸给我父亲，手上放着他脖子上挂着的军牌。标签上的血型是AB型。这名士兵让我父亲把车掉头送他去医院)”以及最后一段中“But my father has ften wndered, was he a sldier r an angel in unifrm?(但我父亲经常想，他是一个士兵还是一个穿着军装的天使？)”结合文章记叙了作者的父亲从战场上回来后，祖母病得很重，而且必须立即输血，不然就活不过去，但是家里没有一个人和祖母的血型匹配。父亲当时很绝望地开车离开医院，想要去召集家人来和祖母告别，结果在路上无意让一个士兵搭了便车，结果这个士兵和祖母的血型正好匹配，因此救了祖母的故事。可知，C项“An Angel in Unifrm (穿制服的天使)”适合做文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It can be hard fr ne persn t prtect the envirnment by himself. If yu teenagers want t d smething, like stpping pllutin r prtecting wildlife, yu can gather like­minded peple in an envirnmental club. ___16___ And with a gd club, yu and yur friends can be up t the task.
Chse a cause. Sme gd ideas might be smething like, “Save the whales!” But nthing says yu can’t d mre than ne cause. ___17___ Fr example, yu culd wrk t save plar bears in Nvember, plant trees in December, and stp glbal warming in January.
___18___ This can be as simple as “The Envirnmental Club” r as cl as “Team Envirnment”. Yu can als use sme ther wrds, such as green, envirnmental, friendly, and f curse, smething that relates t yur cause.
Find a clubhuse. Nw that yu have yur club, yu must find a place where all the members can get tgether t discuss yur prjects. ___19___ If yur parents allw it, yu can chse yur yard r even yur living rm as the place fr yur club meetings.
Decide n jbs. Yu can wrk as an activity rganizer, a prject manager r the president wh decides all the meeting times, new members, meeting places, activities and prjects. Each persn can have a different jb. ___20___ And hw? Often remind them f the same gal they’re wrking twards.
A. Name yur club.
B. Great minds think alike.
C. After all, saving the wrld is a big jb.
D. Chse members t hld all the meetings.
E. Yur club culd d a different cause every mnth.
F. It culd be in the wds, in the park r in the classrm.
G. But encurage all members t supprt each ther’s wrk.
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述如何组织一个俱乐部来共同保护环境。
【16题详解】
上文“If yu teenagers want t d smething, like stpping pllutin r prtecting wildlife, yu can gather like­minded peple in an envirnmental club.(如果你们这些青少年想做点什么，比如阻止污染或保护野生动物，你们可以在环保俱乐部聚集志同道合的人)”提到加入环保俱乐部来保护环境，C项“毕竟，拯救世界是一项艰巨的任务”说明要加入俱乐部保护环境的原因，符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“But nthing says yu can’t d mre than ne cause.(但没有人说你不能做不止一件事)”可知，没有人说你不能做不止一件事，即可以做很多不同的事情，E项“你的俱乐部可以每个月做不同的事情”符合语境，下文“Fr example, yu culd wrk t save plar bears in Nvember, plant trees in December, and stp glbal warming in January.(例如，你可以在11月拯救北极熊，在12月种树，在1月阻止全球变暖)”也是对E项举例说明，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据本段内容“This can be as simple as ‘The Envirnmental Club’ r as cl as ‘Team Envirnment’. Yu can als use sme ther wrds, such as green, envirnmental, friendly, and f curse, smething that relates t yur cause.(这可以像‘环境俱乐部’一样简单，也可以像‘团队环境’一样酷。你也可以用一些其他的词，比如绿色的，环境的，友好的，当然，是和你的事业有关的东西)”可知，本段主要讲给俱乐部取一个名字，A项“给你的俱乐部取一个名字”符合语境，故选A。
【19题详解】
上文“Nw that yu have yur club, yu must find a place where all the members can get tgether t discuss yur prjects.(既然你有了你的俱乐部，你必须找到一个地方，所有的成员可以聚在一起讨论你的项目)”提到为俱乐部找到一个地点，F项“它可能在树林里，在公园里，或者在教室里”举例说明可以选择哪些地点，符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
上文“Each persn can have a different jb.(每个人都可以有不同的工作)”提到每个人都可以有不同的工作，结合下文“And hw? Often remind them f the same gal they're wrking twards.(怎么做？经常提醒他们，他们正在朝着同一个目标努力)”可知，虽然每个人有不同的工作，但是要提醒他们大家的目标是一样的，G项“但要鼓励所有成员互相支持”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共四节，满分55分)
第 一 节(共15小题：每小题1 分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最作选项。
I have a degree in business. But it was my father’s ____21____ fr me t seek a business majr. He thught that having a business majr wuld ____22____ me mre available chices and make me mre cmpetitive in entering a glbal labr market.I ____23____ his advice. Hwever,even thugh my cllege expericnces were ____24____. I had n interest in any ____25____ f cmmerce (商业), let alne having a lng-term-career as a businesswman.
After I graduated,I wrked as a marketing planner at a cmputer cmpany.My____26____ and wrking envirnment were great, yet I ____27____ didn’t feel happy ding smething that held little attractin fr me.After tw mnths f wrking there, I made up my mind t ____28____ and decided t d what I lve, namely ____29____ histry. I have nw been ding this jb fr ver twenty years. I am fnd f being with my students.
If yu are in a ____30____ where yu dn’t lve what yu are learning r ding, please ask yurself what yu are really ____31____ and what yu truly want fr yur life. Dn’t ____32____ t get yurself a quick answer. Take sme time t think abut what career culd bring ____33____ t yu.
I like this mtt “Success is nt the key t happiness. ____34____, happiness is the key t success.” Happiness ____35____ the inside f yu, nt the utside. If yu lve what yu are ding, yu will be successful.
21.
A. cmmentB. taskC. decisinD. respnse
22.
A. ensureB. saveC. leaveD. pass
23.
A. arguedB. valuedC. tkD. ppsed
24.
A. fantasticB. awkwardC. painfulD. plain
25.
A. paperB. fieldC. cllegeD. persn
26.
A. cmmentB. dreamC. campusD. pay
27.
A. nlyB. stillC. alsD. even
28.
A. quitB. cntinueC. cnsiderD. wait
29.
A. prmtingB. writingC. teachingD. studying
30.
A. firmB. gameC. stryD. place
31.
A anxius abutB. annyed atC. interested inD. familiar with
32.
A. rushB. panicC. intendD. stp
33.
A. lveB. jyC. cnfidenceD. knwledge
34.
A. BesidesB. MeanwhileC. TherefreD. Hwever
35.
A. applies tB. spreads tC. differs frmD. cmes frm
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者大学时听从父亲的建议学习了商科专业，但从事对口工作后却完全不感兴趣，于是放弃了不错的薪水和工作环境，辞职去当自己喜欢的历史老师，作者通过自己的经历建议读者去追求自己心之所向的事业。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但选择商科专业是我父亲为我做出的选择。A. cmment评论；B. task任务；C. decisin决定；D. respnse回应。由下一句中He thught及宾语从句可知，作者的父亲认为商科专业对作者的前程更有利，因此作者学商科专业是作者父亲做出的决定。故选C。
22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为拥有一个商科专业将确保我有更多的选择，并使我在进入全球劳动力市场时更有竞争力。A. ensure确保；B. save拯救，保存；C. leave离开；D. pass通过。由空后的宾语me及宾语补足语mre available chices和mre cmpetitive可知，该句在说明作者的父亲看来商科专业能给作者带来的好处、提供的保证。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我采纳了他的建议。A. argued争论；B. valued珍视；C. tk采纳，采取；D. ppsed反对。由文章首句“I have a degree in business”可知，从结果来看，作者采纳了父亲的建议取得了商科专业的学位。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，即使我的大学经历很好，我对任何商业领域都没兴趣。A. fantastic极好的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. painful痛苦的；D. plain简单的，朴素的。该句为even thugh引导的让步状语从句，前后句意存在转折，后句表达作者对商业没有兴趣，则该句应表达作者顺利地完成大学、拿到了学位。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，即使我的大学经历很好，我对任何商业领域都没兴趣。A. paper纸张；B. field领域，场地；C. cllege大学；D. persn人。根据下一句表递进句意的“let alne having a lng-term-career as a businesswman(更别说作为女商人长期从事商务事业了)”可知，作者对任何商业领域都没有兴趣。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的薪水和工作环境都很不错。A. cmment评论；B. dream梦想；C. campus校园；D. pay工资。此处在描述作者毕业后在电脑公司从事的市场策划工作的情况，强调薪水和工作环境都很好，从而与作者对该工作没有兴趣产生对比。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而我在做对我没有吸引力的事情时仍然开心不起来。A. nly只，仅；B. still仍然；C. als也；D. even甚至。句首yet表转折，通过与前句的对比，尽管市场策划这份工作的薪水和工作环境都很好，但是作者仍然不高兴。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里工作了两个月后，我决定辞职去做我喜欢的事情，也就是教历史。A. quit退出；B. cntinue继续；C. cnsider考虑；D. wait等待。由后文“I have nw been ding this jb fr ver twenty years.I am fnd f being with my students.”可知，作者最终选择去当历史老师并坚持了下来，此处应表示她辞去了专业对口的工作。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里工作了两个月后，我决定辞职去做我喜欢的事情，也就是教历史。A. prmting提升；B. writing写作；C. teaching教导；D. studying学习。由该段最后一句中的my students可知，作者喜欢的事是当历史老师。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你正处于这样的境况，你不喜欢自己在学习或从事的东西，请问问自己你的人生真正感兴趣和想要的是什么。A. firm公司；B. game游戏；C. stry故事；D. place地方。根据空后定语从句的关系词where可知，空处先行词表示一个地点，此处 place是抽象的地点，表示“处境，情况，境地”。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：如果你正处于这样的境况，你不喜欢自己在学习或从事的东西，请问问自己你的人生真正感兴趣和想要的是什么。A. anxius abut不安；B. annyed at生气；C. interested in感兴趣；D. familiar with熟悉。前文中提到“decided t d what I lve”，作者结合自身经历，想告诉人们要去追求自己感兴趣、喜欢的东西。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要急着赶紧得出一个答案。A. rush冲，突袭；B. panic使恐慌；C. intend打算；D. stp停止。与下一句中的Take sme time形成对比，作者建议人们不要急于做出事业选择，而应该仔细斟酌。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢考虑什么事业能带给你乐趣。A. lve爱；B. jy乐趣；C. cnfidence自信；D. knwledge知识。前文中反复提到作者对事业的抉择标准是lve，即是否喜爱工作，工作能否让自己愉悦。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：成功不是快乐的秘诀，反而快乐才是成功的秘诀。A. Besides此外；B. Meanwhile同时；C. Therefre因此；D. Hwever然而。空前的“Success is nt the key t happiness”与空后的“happiness is the key t success”是完全相反的说法，应用Hwever表示“然而”。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：快乐来自于你的内心，而不是外界。A. applies t适用于，运用；B. spreads t传到，波及；C. differs frm与……不同；D. cmes frm来自。后句提到nt the utside，即此处在说明快乐的来源不在外而在内。故选D。
第二节(共10 小题，每小题1.5 分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kang Yu, a 24-year ld vlunteer teacher in a remte twn in the muntains f Yunnan prvince, was teaching calligraphy(书法) t the eighth graders when all f____36____ sudden, the cluds seemed t burst and the clectricity went ut. ____37____ (see)that the students were staring at the rain, Kang ____38____ (immediate)gt a burst f inspiratin.
She tld them t g utside and enjy the rain, and cme back t write smething like a pem. Much____39____ her surprise, the wrks written by the students were far beynd her expectatins.
Inspired by that class, Kang funded the____40____ (rganise), Enlighten Our Future, t help Chinese yungsters imprve their mental well-being and their exam grades thrugh petry cmpsitin and appreciatin. She managed ____41____ (persuade)13 schls t adpt the “Fur Seasn Petry Lessns” prject, with a teaching plan, cntent and methd she prvided. S far, the petry lessns ____42____ (design)by the nn-prfit have helped 68,0000 students in 823 primary and middle schls, mstly in pr areas. Nw Enlighten Our Future ____43____ (run)by three full-time wrkers, including Kang.
“What’s great abut petry is that it can help ne t find an ____44____ (effect)way t cmmunicate with neself,” she says, “What they need is nt sympathy, but recgnitin, ____45____ I think will influence their whle life.”
【答案】36. a 37. Seeing
38. immediately 39. t
40. rganisatin
41. t persuade
42. designed
43. is run 44. effective
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了云南山区一个偏远小镇的志愿教师康宇受到一堂观雨写诗课的启发创立了非营利组织“启迪我们的未来”，旨在通过诗歌创作和鉴赏来帮助孩子们提高心理健康水平和学习成绩。
【36题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：24岁的康宇是云南山区一个偏远小镇的志愿教师，当她正在教八年级学生书法时，突然间，乌云出现，停电了。all f a sudden是固定短语，表示“突然间”，故填a。
【37题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：看到学生们都盯着雨看，康宇顿时灵感迸发。Kang与see之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，空格位于句首，故填Seeing。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：看到学生们都盯着雨看，康宇顿时灵感迸发。用副词作状语来修饰动词gt，故填immediately。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：令她大为惊讶的是，学生们写的作品远远超出了她的预期。t ne’s surprise表示“使某人惊讶的是……”，故填t。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：在那堂课的启发下，康宇创立了非营利组织“启迪我们的未来”，通过诗歌创作和鉴赏来帮助中国年轻人提高心理健康水平和考试成绩。此处使用名词作动词funded的宾语，表示“组织”，即rganisatin，它在句子中为单数意义，故填rganisatin。
【41题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：她成功地说服了13所学校采用“四季诗歌课”项目，并提供了教学计划、教学内容和教学方法。manage t d表示“设法做成某事”，故填t persuade。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：到目前为止，这个非营利组织设计的诗歌课程已经帮助了823所中小学的68万名学生，这些学校大多在贫困地区。lessns 与design之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填designed。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：现在，“启迪我们的未来”组织有包括康宇在内的三名全职员工。“Nw”表明陈述的是现在的情况，主语Enlighten Our Future与run之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用单数，故填is run。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她说，诗歌的伟大之处在于，它可以帮助人们找到一种与自己沟通的有效方式。修饰名词way用形容词，根据句意可知此处表示“有效的”，即effective，故填effective。
【45题详解】
考查非限定性定语从句。句意：他们需要的不是同情，而是认可，我认为这将影响他们的一生。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，应该使用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
第三节(共15 小题，每小题1 分，满分15 分)
根据括号里所给的词义，在空格里填写出正确的单词，使句意完整。
46. I want t make a gd first ________ (印象). Will l make any fricnds? What if n nc talks t me? (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】impressin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我想给人留下好的第一印象。我会交到朋友吗？要是没人跟我说话怎么办？根据汉语提示可知应用名词impressin，作宾语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填impressin。
【分析】
【点睛】
47. I culdn’t cnccntratc n the ________ (试验). I really want t tell him t be quiet and leave me alne. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】experiment
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我无法把注意力集中在实验上。我真想叫他安静点，让我一个人待着。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词experiment，作宾语，此处为特指目前的实验，应用单数形式。故填experiment。
48. Gd mming. I’d like t________ (登记，注册) fr a class. I’m interested in any classes n music. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】register
【解析】
【详解】考查动词原形。句意：早上好。我想报名上课。我对任何音乐课都感兴趣。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“登记，注册”对应的动词register，wuld like t d sth.，该空用动词原形形式和前面的t构成动词不定式结构。故填register。
49. I'm_______ (好奇)abut everything. I ften ask questins, but I learn best by ding. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】curius
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我对一切都很好奇。我经常问问题，但我通过实践学得最好。作表语，应用形容词curius。故填curius。
50. Decide n what yu want t learn and use the right________ (策略). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】strategy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：决定你想学什么，并使用正确的策略。根据汉语提示“策略”可知，空处需填名词strategy，作宾语。故填strategy。
51. I knw that Chinese is a very difficult language, but I hpe t be_____(流利的) when I graduate.（根据汉语提示填空）
【答案】fluent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我知道中文是一门非常困难的语言，但是我希望当我毕业的时候我的中文能够非常流利。根据中文提示和前面的be动词，可知此处需要用形容词做表语，故填fluent。
52. ____(显而易见地), I was unhappy, but I wn’t quit. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Obviusly##Apparently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：显然我不开心，但我不会放弃。分析句式结构再根据汉语提示可知，此处用副词bviusly或apparently作状语，表示“显而易见地、明显地”符合语境，且位于句首的首字母要大写。故答案为：Obviusly或Apparently。
53. The schl is ________ (负责) fr the safety f all the students.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】respnsible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：学校对所有学生的安全负责。be respnsible fr对……负责。根据汉语提示及句意，故填respnsible。
54. Finding time fr bth studies and extra-curricular is a big challenge, s I need t make a wrkable________ (日程安排). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】schedule
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：找时间学习和课外活动是一个很大的挑战，所以我需要制定一个可行的时间表。根据汉语提示“日程安排”及前文a可知，此处应用单数名词schedule作宾语。故填schedule。
55. Sme students even becme________ (上瘾的)t the Internet. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】addicted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一些学生甚至沉迷于网络。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为addicted。be addicted t意为“对……上瘾”，为固定搭配，所以应用形容词addicted作表语。故填addicted。
56. It is fr this reasn that Spanish is the main _____(官方的) language f Peru.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】fficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：正是因为这个原因，西班牙语成为秘鲁的主要官方语言。表示“官方的”应用形容词fficial。故填fficial。
57. Frm there, yu’ll spend ne day travelling by bat t yur ____(住处)in the middle f the frest. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】accmmdatin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：从那里，你将花一天时间乘船前往你在森林中间的住所。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词accmmdatin(住处)作宾语，且此处表示一所住处，应用单数，故填accmmdatin。
58. After reaching yur ________ (目的地), yu will have a day t explre and be attracted by this ancient city. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】destinatin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：到达目的地后，您将有一天的时间探索这座吸引人的古城。根据汉语提示可知，destinatin目的地，可数名词，此处应用单数形式，在句中作动词reaching的宾语，故填destinatin。
59. The scientists are beating their brains ut trying t cme up with a________ (解决办法) t the prblem. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】slutin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：科学家们正在绞尽脑汁，试图找出解决这个问题的办法。根据汉语提示可知，此处需要填入表示“解决办法”，slutin意为解决办法；空格前有冠词a，所以用单数。故填slutin。
60. She was just a________ (志愿者), and nbdy frced her t take part in the prjcct. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】vlunteer
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她只是一个志愿者，没有人强迫她参加这个项目。根据汉语提示可知应填名词vlunteer，作表语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填vlunteer。
第四节(共10小题，每小题1 分，满分10 分)
根据括号里所给词义，用此单词的正确形式填空，使句意完整。
61. Finding a cure fr cancer is ne f the biggest________(挑战) faced by medical researchcrs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】challenges
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：找到治疗癌症的方法是医学研究人员面临的最大挑战之一。根据汉语提示可知应用名词challenge，此处为ne f+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，该空用复数形式。故填challenges。
62. We were busy________ (收拾行李)up fr ur hliday when it began t rain. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】packing
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们正忙着收拾行李准备度假，这时天开始下雨了。根据汉语提示“收拾行李”，以及句子结构可知此处需要动词pack构成固定短语pack up。此短语用于结构be busy (in) ding “忙于做某事” 中用作介词in的宾语，应使用动名词形式。故填packing。
63. We have made all________ (安排)t make sure that ur visit t Jiuzhaigu ges well. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】arrangements
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们已作出一切安排，以确保我们对九寨沟的访问顺利进行。根据词义“安排”可知，应填名词arrangement，前有all修饰，arrangement应该变复数，故填arrangements。
64. I’m thinking f________ (申请) fr a visa fr travelling abrad. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】applying
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我正在考虑申请出国旅行的签证。根据汉语提示“申请”以及前文thinking f可知，此处应用apply的动名词作宾语。故填applying。
65. Large numbers f fruits ________ (传输) t the suth by train every year. (根据汉语提示填空)
【答案】are transprted
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：每年有大量的水果用火车运到南方。根据汉语提示可知应用动词transprt，与主语构成被动关系，结合后文every year可知为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为Large numbers f fruit，谓语用复数。故填are transprted。
【分析】
【点睛】
66. They’ve just develped a new generatin f cmputers that are much________ (强有力的) than earlier mdels. (根据汉语提示填空)
【答案】mre pwerful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：他们刚刚开发出了新一代计算机，其功能比早期型号强大得多。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格前面有much，后面有than，所以，这里考查“强有力的”对应的形容词pwerful的比较级结构mre pwerful，作表语。故填mre pwerful。
67. I nticed an elderly lady at receptin________ (结账离开) ut when we came dwn fr breakfast. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】checking
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：我们下来吃早餐时，我注意到前台有一位老妇人在结账退房。根据汉语提示“结账离开”，空处填动词check，构成固定短语check ut。ntice sb ding sth表示“注意到某人正在做某事”，所以填checking，作补语。故填checking。
68. Televisin sets, steres system, air-cnditiner and pets can all be ________(源头) f nise pllutin. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】rigins##surces
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：电视机，音响系统，空调和宠物是噪音污染的源头。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填名词复数形式，结合所给汉语意思可知，应填rigins或surces。故填rigins或surces。
69. We std n the tp f the twer,________ (欣赏) the beautiful view f the whle city. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】appreciating ## enjying ## admiring
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们站在塔顶，欣赏整个城市的美景。根据汉语提示“欣赏”，以及句子结构可知此处应使用动词appreciate/enjy/admire用作句子伴随状语， 和主语We是逻辑上的主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填appreciating /enjying / admiring。
70. The decisin________ (离开，停止) a senir psitin t lk fr a bettcr ne is unwise. (根据汉语提示填空)
【答案】t quit
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：辞去高级职位去寻找更好的职位的决定是不明智的。根据汉语提示“离开，停止”，空处填动词quit。the decisin t d sth表示“做某事的决定”，所以填t quit，作后置定语。故填t quit。
第四部分书面表达(满分15分)
71. 假定你是某国际学校的学生李华。学校操场后面有一大块空地(left-ut area)，学校现征求学生建议如何利用该空地。请给你们的外籍校长 Mr. Smith一封邮件。
内容包括：
1.你的建议；
2.建议的理由。
注意：1.词数80 左右；
2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Smith,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am writing t suggest the use f the left-ut area behind ur schl playgrund.
With rich sil, the area can be develped int a vegetable garden. Firstly, nt nly will it beautify ur campus, but als it will prvide a prper way fr students t learn abut gardening. Besides, students will gain hands-n experience by grwing and tasting their wn fd. Better yet, the labr prcess may raise their interest in agricultural science.
Hping yu’ll find this letter f sme imprtance and give my suggestin sme thught. I wuld greatly appreciate it if my idea culd be accepted.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是某国际学校的学生李华。学校操场后面有一大块空地(left-ut area)，学校现征求学生建议如何利用该空地。请给你们的外籍校长 Mr. Smith一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
方式：way→apprach
肥沃的：rich→fertile
此外：besides→what’s mre
建议：suggest→recmmend
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With rich sil, the area can be develped int a vegetable garden.
拓展句：The area can be develped int a vegetable garden because its sil is rich.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Firstly, nt nly will it beautify ur campus, but als it will prvide a prper way fr students t learn abut gardening. (运用了倒装句)
[高分句型2] Besides, students will gain hands-n experience by grwing and tasting their wn fd. (运用了动名词作宾语)