2023年湖南省普通高中学业水平考试合格性考试（专家B卷）高二英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2023年湖南省普通高中学业水平考试合格性考试（专家B卷）高二英语试题（解析版），共13页。
第一部分 阅读技能(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 阅读理解(共12小题;每小题3分，满分36分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Inflammatin (发炎) is a nrmal illness, and it culd lead t much pain. Sme researches shw many kinds f fds can help prtect peple frm it. What fd is the best chice?Take a lk at what t eat all the year rund.
更多免费优质滋元可 家 威杏 MXSJ663
1. Accrding t the passage, ________ can help prtect peple frm inflammatin.
A. eating right fdB. ding exerciseC. taking medicineD. relaxing
2. ________ are advised t eat in summer.
A. OrangesB. StrawberriesC. CabbagesD. Carrts
3. Lemns are best fr ________.
A. springB. summerC. autumnD. winter
4. Yu may find this passage in the magazine — ________.
A. CuntrysideB. ClthesC. Travel DiaryD. Medicine
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四季中可以有助于消炎的一些食物。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Inflammatin (发炎) is a nrmal illness, and it culd lead t much pain. Sme researches shw many kinds f fds can help prtect peple frm it.(炎症是一种正常的疾病，它会导致很多疼痛。一些研究表明，许多种类的食物可以帮助人们远离它)”可知，正确的饮食可以帮助人们远离炎症。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Summer部分中“Amng them, berries are the best chice. S try blueberries, blackberries and strawberries.(其中，浆果是最好的选择。所以试试蓝莓、黑莓和草莓吧)”可知，草莓建议在夏天吃。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Winter部分中“Other chices t try are fruits like lemns and ranges.(其他可以尝试的水果有柠檬和橙子)”可知，柠檬最适合冬天食用。故选D。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Inflammatin (发炎) is a nrmal illness, and it culd lead t much pain. Sme researches shw many kinds f fds can help prtect peple frm it.(炎症是一种正常的疾病，它会导致很多疼痛。一些研究表明，许多种类的食物可以帮助人们远离它)”结合文章主要介绍了四季中可以有助于消炎的一些食物。可推知，能在杂志的“医疗”部分找到文章。故选D。
B
It is difficult fr the parents f every family t teach their children t be respnsible (有责任的) fr husewrk.
A schl in Shanghai is making its students d husewrk fr their parents. Third graders (三年级学生) must learn hw t ck and clean, sixth graders d sme washing and fld the clthes, and seventh and eighth graders ck balanced meals with 15 yuan.
Many parents think it’s a gd way fr children t try husewrk, but they dn’t knw hw t d it at hme. With the fllwing ideas, yu can really get yur children t help at hme.
If yu want t make yur children think that they can d everything quite right, please dn’t always scld (批评) them but give lts f praise (表扬) at hme. Talk mre abut what he did right, nt abut what he didn’t d. If yur child finishes sme difficult wrk, give him r her a Sunday trip r a ball game with Dad as a reward.
5. Wh shuld learn t ck balanced meals with 15 yuan accrding t the passage?
A. A third grader.B. A furth grader.
C. A sixth grader.D. A seventh grader.
6. What shuld parents d when the children d husewrk?
A. Scld them when they are wrng.
B. Give them a lt f praise.
C. Dn’t let them d it.
D Tell them nt t d difficult wrk.
7. What’s the Chinese meaning f the underlined wrd “reward”?
A. 说明B. 奖励C. 惩罚D. 报答
8. The best title (题目) f the passage may be “________”.
A. Make Children D HusewrkB. Hw t Teach Children
C. HusewrkD. Schl and Husewrk
【答案】5. D 6. B 7. B 8. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何让孩子在家里帮忙做家务。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“seventh and eighth graders ck balanced meals with 15 yuan(七年级和八年级的学生要用15元钱做均衡的饭菜)”可知，一个七年级的学生应该学会用15元做均衡餐。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“If yu want t make yur children think that they can d everything quite right, please dn’t always scld (批评) them but give lts f praise (表扬) at hme.(如果你想让你的孩子认为他们可以做得很好，请不要总是责备他们，而是在家里多表扬他们。)”可知，当孩子做家务时，父母应该多表扬他们。故选B。
【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段“If yur child finishes sme difficult wrk, give him r her a Sunday trip r a ball game with Dad(如果你的孩子完成了一些困难的工作，给他或她一个周日旅行或和爸爸一起打球)”可知，然后孩子完成了一些困难的工作，可以给他或她一个周日旅行或和爸爸一起打球来作为奖励，因此划线词“reward”的意思是“奖励”。故选B。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“With the fllwing ideas, yu can really get yur children t help at hme.(有了以下的想法，你就能真正让你的孩子在家帮忙了。)”可知，本文主要讲的是如何让孩子在家里帮忙做家务，因此最好的题目是A选项“Make Children D Husewrk(让孩子做家务)”。故选A。
C
Wang Yaping went int space abard the Shenzhu Ⅷ n Octber 16th, 2021. She became the first Chinese female astrnaut (女航天员) t enter Tiangng space statin.
Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astrnaut Yang Liwei int space. After having safe flights fr 1,600 hurs ver nine years, Wang was a strng candidate (候选人) t becme an astrnaut in 2010. She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men. “The space envirnment wn’t change because yu are a wman,” she tld Xinhua.
The hardest part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning (旋转的) machine, Wang wuld becme blind fr a while because her brain was shrt f bld. But she didn’t give in. That strng spirit finally made her dream cme true in 2013.
Wang said that as astrnauts, wmen have their wn advantages (优势). “Wmen may be mre patient and can better deal with lneliness. Wmen’s hearts are als easier t adapt t the weightless envirnment, making them mre suitable fr lng-term missins.”
Wang Yaping sets a gd example fr all wmen wh dream f ging t space.
9. When did Wang dreamed f being an astrnaut?
A. In 2010.B. In 2003.C. In 2013.D. In 2021.
10. Wang’s wrds in Paragraph 2 mean ________.
A. the space envirnment is easy t change
B. nly men can g t space statin in the wrld
C. bth male and female astrnauts can g t space
D men and wmen will face the same difficulties in space
11. Hw did Wang Yaping feel when she was having the high-G training?
A. Relaxed.B. Interested.C. Uncmfrtable.D. Strng.
12. What advantages des a female astrnaut have accrding t Wang?
A. Mre patience.B. Less weight.
C. Mre prblem-slving skills.D. Strnger.
【答案】9. B 10. D 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国宇航员王亚平通过努力奋斗，最终实现自己太空梦的经历。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astrnaut Yang Liwei int space. (王的太空梦始于2003年，当时中国将首位宇航员杨利伟送入太空)”可知，王亚平在2003年梦想成为一名宇航员。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men.(她把自己逼得很紧，接受和男人一样的训练)”结合划线句“The space envirnment wn’t change because yu are a wman (太空环境不会因为你是女人而改变)”可知，王亚平逼自己和男人一样刻苦训练，在第二段中的意思是男性和女性在太空将面临同样的困难。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The hardest part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning (旋转的) machine, Wang wuld becme blind fr a while because her brain was shrt f bld. (最难的部分是高气压训练。坐在一台旋转的机器里，王会失明一段时间，因为她的大脑缺氧)”可知，王亚平在高气压训练时感觉不舒服。故选C。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Wmen may be mre patient and can better deal with lneliness. (女性可能更有耐心，也能更好地应对孤独)”可知，王亚平认为女宇航员的优势是更有耐心。故选A。
第二节 小标题填空(共3小题;每小题3分，满分9分)
下面文章中有3处(第13~15题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C和D)中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题卡上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余的选项。
Setting gals is the first step in achieving them The tips belw may help yu.
____13____. Dn’t push yurself t achieve mre than what is pssible. Instead, yu shuld set gals, based n yur abilities and skills.
____14____. When yu d s, they will seem easier t reach. Yu will be prud f yurself when yu realize each small gal. This will als give yu the encuragement t achieve yur lng-term gal.
____15____. It is a gd idea t put yur gals where yu can see them. Yu can place the list n yur bedside table. Or yu can stick it n yur bedrm wall. This will remind yu f what yu are wrking fr and keep yu fcused.
Finally, stick t yur gal and wrk hard twards it. I’m sure yu will achieve it.
A. Write yur gals n paper
B. Break big gals dwn int small nes
C. Keep yur gals in mind
D. Set gals that can be achieved
【答案】13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了设定目标的一些建议。
【13题详解】
根据空后“Dn’t push yurself t achieve mre than what is pssible. Instead, yu shuld set gals, based n yur abilities and skills.(不要强迫自己完成超出可能的事情。相反，你应该根据自己的能力和技能设定目标)”可知，本段是建议设定可实现的目标，D项“设定可以实现的目标”符合语境，故选D。
【14题详解】
根据空后“When yu d s, they will seem easier t reach. Yu will be prud f yurself when yu realize each small gal. This will als give yu the encuragement t achieve yur lng-term gal.(当你这样做时，他们似乎更容易接近。当你实现每一个小目标时，你会为自己感到骄傲。这也会鼓励你实现你的长期目标)”可知，本段是说小目标更容易实现，实现小目标能够鼓励实现长期目标，B项“把大目标分解成小目标”符合语境，故选B。
【15题详解】
根据空后“It is a gd idea t put yur gals where yu can see them. Yu can place the list n yur bedside table. Or yu can stick it n yur bedrm wall.(把你的目标放在你能看到的地方是个好主意。你可以把单子放在床头柜上。或者你可以把它贴在卧室的墙上)”可知，本段是说把目标写出来放在显眼的地方，A项“把你的目标写在纸上”符合语境，故选A。
第二部分 知识运用(共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Chngyang Festival is a traditinal Chinese festival. It is celebrated ____16____ the ninth day f the ninth lunar mnth (阴历). It’s als ____17____ the Duble Ninth Festival.
The festival started as early as the Warring States Perid. It has a ____18____ f mre than 1,700 years. Amng the numbers frm zer t nine, ____19____ is the highest dd number (奇数). Peple believe that tw “ninths” meeting tgether stand fr a ____20____ life. S it is a special hliday fr Chinese peple t ____21____ lve and respect (尊重) fr their elders. They hld many kinds f activities in ____22____ f ld peple t wish them gd health and a lng life.
The festival cmes during the glden time f ____23____. On the day, peple traditinally drink chrysanthemum (菊花) wine, eat Duble-Ninth Cakes and ____24____ muntains. They als carry a kind f plant, dgwd (茱萸). Peple in ancient times believed that the plant culd drive away evil (邪恶的) spirits and ____25____ them frm catching an illness in winter.
16.
A. inB. tC. nD. at
17.
A. calledB. enteredC. requestedD. warned
18.
A. subjectB. histryC. abilityD. case
19.
A. threeB. fiveC. sevenD. nine
20.
A. happyB. lngC. hardD. tiny
21.
A. shwB. attendC. mentinD. spread
22.
A. middleB. backC. hnrD. face
23.
A. springB. summerC. autumnD. winter
24.
A. watchB. takeC. drawD. climb
25.
A. preventB. regretC. affectD. create
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是重阳节的来历和庆祝重阳节的方式。
【16题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：它是在农历九月初九庆祝的。A. in在……里面；B. t朝向；C. n在某一天；D. at在……岁时。根据下文“the ninth day f the ninth lunar mnth”可知，农历九月初九是具体的某一天，因此空格处是n。故选C。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它也被称为重阳节。A. called把……唤作；B. entered进入；C. requested要求；D. warned警告。根据下文“the Duble Ninth Festival”可知，它也被称为重阳节，空格处是called。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它有1700多年的历史。A. subject科目；B. histry历史；C. ability能力；D. case情况。根据下文“mre than 1,700 years”可知，它有1700多年的历史。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查数词词义辨析。句意：在从0到9的数字中，9是最大的奇数。A. three三；B. five五；C. seven七；D. nine九。根据下文“the highest dd number”和常识可知，在从0到9的数字中，9是最大的奇数。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们相信两个“第九”在一起代表长寿。A. happy高兴的；B. lng长的；C. hard困难的；D. tiny微笑的。根据上文“tw “ninths” meeting tgether”和常识可知，两个“第九”在一起代表长寿，也就是命长。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以这是一个特殊的节日，中国人表示对长辈的爱和尊重。A. shw表示；B. attend参加；C. mentin提到；D. spread传播。根据下文“lve and respect”并结合常识可知，中国人在重阳节表示对长辈的爱和尊重。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们举行各种各样的活动来纪念老人，祝愿他们健康长寿。A. middle中间；B. back后背；C. hnr荣誉；D. face脸。根据上文“hld many kinds f activities”可知，中国人举行很多活动来纪念老人，in hnr f意为“为了纪念”。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个节日在秋天的黄金时间到来。A. spring春天；B. summer夏天；C. autumn秋天；D. winter冬天。根据上文“The festival cmes”和常识可知，重阳节是在秋天到来。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这一天，人们传统上喝菊花酒，吃重阳饼和爬山。A. watch观看；B. take拿走；C. draw拉；D. climb爬。根据下文“muntains”和常识可知，重阳节人们会爬山。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在古代，人们相信这种植物可以驱邪，防止他们在冬天生病。A. prevent阻止；B. regret后悔；C. affect影响；D. create创造。根据下文“them frm catching an illness in winter”可知，人们相信茱萸可以防止他们在冬天生病。故选A。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。
Amy and her best friend Jenny ____26____ (be) clse fr 8 years. But last weekend, Jenny ____27____ (break) Amy’s trust. They had planned ____28____ (meet) at the cinema that afternn. But in the mrning, Jenny sent a message saying she had ____29____ cld. Hwever, tday a classmate tld Amy that she had seen Jenny ____30____ (chat) with anther girl in a cafe n Saturday afternn. Amy was s angry ____31____ she avided Jenny during the day. She was at a lss what t d next.
Many classmates gave her their ____32____ (pinin). Cindy suggested that Amy find an pprtunity t have a talk ____33____ Jenny and listen t what ____34____ (her) has t say. She was sure that they culd slve the prblem ____35____ (successful).
【答案】26. have been
27. brke 28. t meet
29. a 30. chatting
31. that 32. pinins
33. with 34. she
35. successfully
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了艾米和好朋友珍妮友谊出现裂痕及她向在线社区寻求建议的故事。
【26题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：艾米和珍妮是八年的密友。分析句子结构可知，句中缺谓语动词，时间状语是“fr eight years”以及句意可知，用现在完成时，主语是“Amy and Jenny”，故填have been。
【27题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：但是上周末，珍妮辜负了艾米的信任。分析句子结构可知，句中缺谓语动词，时间状语是“last weekend”用一般过去时，故填brke。
【28题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们原计划那天下午在电影院见面。plan t d表示“计划做某事”用动词不定式作宾语，故填t meet。
【29题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但是在早上，珍妮发消息说她感冒了。have a cld表示“得感冒”，填不定冠词，故填a。
【30题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，今天一个同学告诉艾米，她星期六下午在咖啡馆看到珍妮和另一个女孩聊天。分析句子结构可知，句中缺非谓语动词，see smebdy ding表示“看到某人正在做某事”符合句意，故填chatting。
【31题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：艾米非常生气，白天躲着珍妮。“如此...以至于”是引导状语从句，故填that。
【32题详解】
考查名词。句意：许多同学向她发表了意见。pinin为可数名词，且有 their修饰，用复数。故填pinins。
【33题详解】
考查介词。句意：辛迪建议艾米找个机会和珍妮谈谈，听听她要说什么。 have a talk with表示“和某人谈谈”，故填with。
【34题详解】
考查代词。句意：辛迪建议艾米找个机会和珍妮谈谈，听听她要说什么。分析句子结构可知，what引导宾语从句，从句中代词作主语，she是主格作主语，故填she。
【35题详解】
考查副词。句意：她确信他们能成功地解决这个问题。副词修饰动词slve，作状语，故填successfully。
第三部分 写作技能(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 双向翻译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
请根据上下文内容，将文中画线部分译成汉语或者英语，并将答案转写到答题卡上。
T fully realize yur ptential, it is imprtant fr yu t make the mst f ur schl resurces.利用你的课堂, ________36________learn frm yur teachers and classmates, and make use f ur schl facilities. There are als a lt f schl activities fr yu. Jin a club r tw, and take an active part in different sprts. ________37________
Of equal imprtance are gd study habits useful skills and a psitive attitude. Carefully plan yur study, set clear gals and balance yur schlwrk with ther activities ________38________As a senir high schl student, yu must make effrts t imprve yur cmmunicatin and prblem-slving skills. ________39________Last but nt least, always lk n the bright side, and不要失去希望 ________40________even in difficult situatins. In time yu will find yurself grwing int a well-runded individual.
【答案】36. Take advantage f/Make the mst f/Make gd use f/Make full use f/Make the best f yur classes
37. 积极参加不同的体育活动
38. 平衡你的学业和其他活动
39. 你一定/必须要努力提高你的交际和解决问题的能力
40. never/dn’t lse hpe
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些如何充分规划好学校生活的建议。
【36题详解】
考查汉译英。表示“利用”短语为take advantage f/make the mst f/make gd use f/make full use f/make the best f，后跟yur classes作宾语，为肯定祈使句，用动词原形开头。故填Take advantage f/Make the mst f/Make gd use f/Make full use f/Make the best f yur classes。
37题详解】
考查英译汉。句意：参加一两个俱乐部，积极参加不同的运动。take an active part in表示“积极参加”；different sprts表示“不同的体育活动”。故填：积极参加不同的体育活动。
【38题详解】
考查英译汉。句意：仔细计划你的学习，设定明确的目标，平衡你的学业和其他活动。表示“平衡……与……”；yur schlwrk“你的学业”， ther activities表示“其他活动”。故填：平衡你的学业和其他活动。
【39题详解】
考查英译汉。句意：作为一名高中生，你必须努力提高你的沟通和解决问题的能力。主语为yu；must make effrts t表示“一定/必须要努力……”；imprve yur cmmunicatin and prblem-slving skills表示“提高你的交际和解决问题的能力”。故填：你一定/必须要努力提高你的交际和解决问题的能力。
【40题详解】
考查汉译英。句意：最后但并非最不重要的是，总是看到光明的一面，即使在困难的情况下也不要失去希望。根据汉语提示“不要失去希望”可用never lse hpe或用否定祈使句。故填never/dn’t lse hpe。
第二节 情景作文(共1小题，满分20分)
41. 春夏之交是暴雨频发的季节，你校英文报社组织了一场名为“Fld Safety Tips”的征文比赛，请你就以下内容写一篇征文稿。
注意：(1)词数100左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Fld Safety Tips
Befre a fld:
prepare disaster supplies, including a light surce, a sleeping bag, warm clthes, enugh fd, clean drinking water and s n
bring the mst imprtant items t the upper levels f the huse
During a fld:
leave the lwer place and mve t a higher place if yu are utside
mve t the upper flr if inside a building
never walk r drive thrugh the mving water
After a fld:
wait fr fficial news t learn when it is safe t g back t nrmal life
watch ut fr damaged rads and pwer lines
stay away frm plluted water
Fld Safety Tips
As we all knw, it rains a lt in spring and summer here. A gd knwledge f fld safety tips can mean life and death. Here I’d like t share sme safety tips.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Fld Safety Tips
As we all knw, it rains a lt in spring and summer here. A gd knwledge f fld safety tips can mean life and death. Here I’d like t share sme safety tips.
Befre the fld, prepare disaster relief supplies, including light surces, sleeping bags, warm clthing, enugh fd, clean drinking water, etc., and bring the mst imprtant items t the upper flrs f the huse. During a fld, if yu are utside, leave lwer grund and mve t higher grund. If yu are inside a building, mve upstairs. Dn’t walk r drive in mving water. After a fld, wait fr fficial wrd n when it is safe t return t nrmal life. Be aware f damaged rads and pwer lines, and stay away frm cntaminated water.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“Fld Safety Tips”为题写一篇文章，参加你校英文报社组织的征文比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：imprtant→significant
消息：wrd→news
被损坏的：damaged→impaired
受污染的：cntaminated→plluted
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Befre the fld, prepare disaster relief supplies, including light surces, sleeping bags, warm clthing, enugh fd, clean drinking water, etc., and bring the mst imprtant items t the upper flrs f the huse.
拓展句：Befre the fld, prepare disaster relief supplies, which include light surces, sleeping bags, warm clthing, enugh fd, clean drinking water, etc., and bring the mst imprtant items t the upper flrs f the huse.
【点睛】[高分句型1] During a fld, if yu are utside, leave lwer grund and mve t higher grund. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
[高分句型2] After a fld, wait fr fficial wrd n when it is safe t return t nrmal life. (运用了when引导的宾语从句)Spring When spring cmes, lk fr carrts and mushrms.
Autumn There are lts f fds t try, such as cabbages, peas and all kinds f lettuce.
Summer Summer gives peple lts f fds t chse frm. Amng them, berries are the best chice. S try blueberries, blackberries and strawberries.
Winter In the cld winter mnths, many green leafy vegetables are gd. Other chices t try are fruits like lemns and
ranges.