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2024包头铁路一中高三上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析
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这是一份2024包头铁路一中高三上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析，文件包含内蒙古包头市铁路第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题原卷版docx、内蒙古包头市铁路第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
笔试部分
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Tang Dynasty, which lasted frm 618 t 907 AD, is ften cnsidered as China’s glden age. Indeed Chinese culture flurished under the Tang, and Tang pets are perhaps the best knwn f all Chinese literary figures.
The fllwing are fur schls f Tang petry. Take a lk.
Frntier Frtress Petry (边塞诗)
Ga Shi, Cen Shen and Wang Changling are representatives f this petry. It mainly describes the hardship f the battlefield, heric spirit f defending the hmeland, r hmesickness f sldiers. Representative wrks include Over the Brcfer by Wang Changling, Sng f Write Snw n Secretary Wu’s Return t Capital by Cen Shen, etc.
Landscape Pastral Petry
The representatives f this schl are Wang Wei and Meng Haran. Many f its themes are muntains,cluds and hermits (隐士). Its style is simple and elegant. The representative wrks include Thinking f My Brthers n Muntain Climbing Day by Wang Wei, Spring Mrning by Meng and s n.
Rmantic Petry
Li Bai is a typical representative f rmantic petry, wh enjys the title f “Genius f Petry”. T express his desire fr freedm and persnal value, his petry is free and bld, with creative imaginatin. One f his mst famus pems is A Tranquil Night, which is abut hmesickness, included in many schl textbks.
Realistic Petry
Du Fu is knwn as the “Sage f Petry”. His pems are in a realistic art style with strng feelings f cmpassin and cncern fr the destiny (命运) f the cuntry. His wrks “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” bth reflect peple’s sufferings at that time.
1. Wh is ne f the representatives f Frntier Frtress Petry?
A. Wang Wei.B. Cen Shen.
C. Li Bai.D. Du Fu.
2. Which pem is written by a rmantic pet?
A. Spring Mrning.
B Over the Brder.
C. A Tranquil Night.
D. Thinking f My Brthers n Muntain Climbing Day.
3. Accrding t the passage, which statement is right?
A. Meng Haran is the representative f Rmantic Petry.
B. The Tang Dynasty lasted frm 608 t 917 AD.
C. Li Bai is knwn as the “Sage f Petry”.
D. “Three Farewells” reflects peple’s sufferings in the Tang Dynasty.
B
Very early n in my senir year f high schl, my parents carried the flame f wrrying abut my future cllege. I was willing t g t a 2-year cllege befre ging after my bachelr, s degree. This was fr tw reasns—t help them save mney and t make sure I majr in English. Hwever, they insisted I attend a 4-year cllege right ff the bat.
I was pushed t start searching fr clleges therefre, nes that my parents apprved f and that were within the range f tuitin that my mm thught was acceptable. I was als limited t the immediate areas, which nly included New Yrk, Cnnecticut, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, s I cannt apply fr any clleges in ne f my favrite places—New Hampshire.
I’ll be hnest. It gt a bit tense at times with several different pinins between my parents and me, and with ther family members r friends vicing their thughts t my parents.
In the end, I ended up applying fr three schls—SUNY Albany, SUNY New Paltz and Kutztwn University in Pennsylvania. I had been t New Paltz quite ften as it was nly 45 minutes away frm ur hme. And Kutztwn is lcated in an area ur family ften visited.
I was accepted by all three, and I quickly gave up Albany. I was nt impressed with the city and wasn’t familiar with the area. It was between New Paltz and Kutztwn. After a few weeks, I ended up settling n New Paltz because Kutztwn just didn’t “feel right” fr me. When I was n campus, I had a feeling that this was it.
Lking back nw, I wish I had knwn mre abut the applicatin prcess and had a little mre freedm f chice abut which cllege I culd apply fr. I prbably wuld still have attended SUNY New Paltz.
4. What did the authr’s parents think he shuld d?
A. Chse a cllege that culd prvide gd jbs.
B. G t a cmmunity cllege t save mney.
C. Chse a cllege that he liked best.
D. G t a 4-year cllege directly.
5 Why didn’t the authr chse clleges in New Hampshire?
A. He didnt like the place.
B. His situatin didn’t allw it.
C. The living expenses there were t high.
D. He wasn’t sure whether r nt he wuld fit in there.
6. Hw did the authr feel abut his final chice?
A. Embarrassed.B. Frightened.
C. Satisfied.D. Wrried.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw I chse my cllegeB. Hw t apply fr a cllege
C. Different chices, different futureD. The meaning f attending cllege
C
Recently, the mst heated tpic f “which is the right bin fr my garbage” has swept China.
Shanghai is amng China’ s first cities t intrduce garbage classificatin (垃圾分类) and als the cuntry’s mst serius in its perfrming. Since July 1,2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law t srt garbage int fur different categries, r they culd face fines. Individuals, including turists, can be fined 200 yuan fr failing t srt their waste prperly, while cmpanies and institutins can be fined up t 50,000 yuan.
The gvernment has set up nline apps t handle srting questins, and annunced guidelines t address the “ne-size-fits-all” methd. The cuntry is abut t invest ver 21 billin yuan in the cnstructin f garbage prcessing facilities t meet demands. Nw it’s intrducing artificial intelligence int its waste management system, by setting up little cameras in many sets f bins.
Hwever, nt every face can be recgnized by the smart dustbin until yu register fr the system. Once registratin is cmplete, users will scan a QR cde n the bin, which then pens it up t allw fr garbage dispsal (处理). Nw, each husehld gets ne special QR cde fr thrwing ut waste. Here, the intelligent bins dn’t just calculate garbage weight, they als help residents gain rewards by cllecting pints thrugh the special app.
China is stepping int the age f cmpulsry garbage srting with its cities revising laws n garbage classificatin. Fr Shanghai, sixty percent f the city is expected t carry ut garbage srting by the end f 2019, and 90 percent by 2020. Garbage srting is, withut dubt, a cstly but wrthwhile endeavr. It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment (可持续发展), and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well.
8. What is the crrect rder in using smart garbage srting system?
① Gain rewards.
② Open up the bin
③ Register fr the system.
④ Scan a QR cde n the bin
A. ③④②①B. ④②③①
C. ③①②④D. ④③②①
9. What des the underlined wrd “endeavr” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Effrt.B. Fashin.
C. Annuncement.D. Decisin.
10. What can we knw frm the text?
A. The intelligent bins can nly shw garbage weight.
B. Residents have t srt garbage int fur different categries in Shanghai.
C. If cmpanies frget t srt their waste, they can be fined 200 yuan.
D. Turists can avid being fined fr failing t srt their waste crrectly.
11. Why des ur cuntry push ahead with cmpulsry garbage srting?
A. T build a garbage srting system.
B. T increase the use f artificial intelligence.
C. T prmte sustainable develpment f envirnment.
D. T supprt the cnstructin f garbage prcessing facilities.
D
(The New Yrk Times, Oct.7) The 2019 Nbel Prize in physilgy(生理学) r medicine was jintly awarded t three scientists — William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza — fr their wrk n hw cells sense and adapt t xygen availability. The Nbel Assembly annunced the prize at the Karlinska Institute in Stckhlm n Mnday.
Their wrk established the genetic mechanisms(机制) that allw cells t respnd t changes in xygen levels. The findings have implicatins(启示) fr treating a variety f diseases.
Why did they win?
“Oxygen is the lifebld f living rganisms(生物体),” said Dr. Gerge Daley, dean f Harvard Medical Schl. “Withut xygen, cells can’t survive.” But t much r t little xygen can be deadly. The three researchers tried t answer this questin: Hw d cells regulate their respnses?
The investigatrs uncvered detailed genetic respnses t changing xygen levels that allw cells in the bdies f humans and ther animals t sense and respnd t fluctuatins(波动), increasing and decreasing hw much xygen they receive.
Why is the wrk imprtant?
The discveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that cntrl such things as adaptatin t high altitudes and hw cancer cells manage t hijack(攫取) xygen. Randall Jhnsn, a member f the Nbel Assembly, described the wrk as a “textbk discvery” and said it wuld be smething students wuld start learning at the mst basic levels f bilgy educatin.
“This is a basic aspect f hw a cell wrks, and I think frm that standpint alne it’s a very exciting thing.” Jhnsn said.
The research als has implicatins fr treating varius diseases in which xygen is in shrt supply — including anemia, heart attacks and strkes — as well as fr treatment f cancers that are fed by and seek ut xygen.
12. This research has wn the Nbel Prize mainly because ____________.
A. there was n research f this kind in the past
B. xygen is the lifebld f living things
C. it has uncvered hw cells sense and respnd t changes in xygen levels
D. varius diseases will be cured with the help f the findings f the research
13. We can learn frm the passage that _____________.
A. The Nbel Prize was awarded t a physilgist n Mnday in Sweden.
B. Cancer cells manage t hijack xygen and need xygen t develp.
C. The mre xygen there is in bld, the healthier a living bdy will be.
D. The genetic mechanisms have been fund that allw xygen t adapt t cells.
14. Which f the fllwing can best explain the underlined wrd in the text?
A. used fr textbksB. pwerful and authritative
C. typical as a perfect exampleD. basic and clear
15. In which part f The New Yrk Times can yu find this article?
A. EntertainmentB. Culture
C. TechnlgyD. Science
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether yu vlunteer at an animal shelter r in a hspital, vlunteering is a wnderful pprtunity t bring gd int the wrld and supprt yur cmmunity. There are a lt f different vlunteer pprtunities. ____16____ Here are sme tips n hw t be an even better vlunteer.
Vlunteer fr smething yu lve. ____17____ If yur passin is helping thse with cancer, vlunteer t raise mney fr research. If yu’re passinate abut imprving the envirnment, vlunteer t pick up trash in public places. Yur passin will keep yu mtivated, s put yur effrt int smething yu treasure.
____18____ Yu are prbably nt best suited fr directing traffic if yu are shy. Be respectful t thse rganizers, but let them knw yur strengths and shw them hw yur strengths can be beneficial in yur vlunteer wrk. Find the balance that brings yur talents t the table and really helps the rganizatin.
Be n time. This is a simple but imprtant idea. Think abut being late fr yur wrk; yur bss, cwrkers and custmers wuld be upset. The same applies t vlunteering. ____19____
Mix yur vlunteer jbs. If yu becme bred, it may be time fr a schedule change in yur life. ____20____ It is vlunteering, s yu aren’t stuck in ne place.
A. Offer what yu can d best.
B. Ask what’s expected f vlunteers.
C. S if such a thing des happen, just call and let them knw.
D. It desn’t matter what it is, but it des matter what yu like.
E. Therefre, everyne can find a vlunteering pprtunity that suits their skills and interests.
F. Hwever, yu will vlunteer lnger in an rganizatin that supprts a cause yu care abut.
G. Vlunteer n different days r ask fr different tasks t see what ther pprtunities are ut there.
二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A beautiful indr ptted plant has been with us fr a lng time. It has ____21____ us thrugh tugh years and gd times. Sme days I thught it might live frever, but it ____22____.
The plant did well fr abut twenty years, but then began t ____23____. We watered it. We fed it. We ____24____ talked t it. But leaves and branches became lwer each day. We finally picked a few half-dead branches and ____25____ them in a small pt. One new small plant grew strng and healthy. But the ____26____ finally died. When we ____27____ it ut, we culd see why its ____28____ had grwn s massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened t ____29____ the sides f the pt that held them in.
Peple, t, ften _____30_____ they have utgrwn their envirnment, when they are cmmitted t persnal grwth and develpment and when they make the kinds f _____31_____ in their lives that lead t greater achievement and happiness.
I knw f a man wh was ffered a jb at a salary _____32_____ than he had ever made in his life. But after careful _____33_____, he refused the psitin. His wuld-be emplyer was amazed that he _____34_____ the ffer. “What’s the matter?” he asked. “Isn’t the salary big enugh?”
“The salary is fine,” the man said. “It’s the jb that, s nt big enugh.”
At ne time he culd have _____35_____ dne the wrk and enjyed the mney But he knew the jb wuld nt _____36_____ him and held eventually becme _____37_____. He had utgrwn the jb that was ffered.
Persnal develpment needs a changing _____38_____ in which t live. Peple seek bigger challenges. Their views _____39_____. Their interests change. And they need peple in their lives wh will make rm fr their _____40_____.
21. A. directedB. accmpaniedC. fllwedD. disappinted
22. A. diedB. survivedC. imprvedD. develped
23. A. fldB. fadeC. spreadD. delay
24. A. evenB. justC. nlyD. never
25. A. remvedB. destryedC. plantedD. studied
26. A. similarB. familiarC. preciusD. riginal
27. A. carriedB. gaveC. dugD. handed
28. A. leavesB. branchesC. skinsD. rts
29. A. mveB. burstC. rllD. jump
30. A. predictB. cmplainC. discverD. understand
31 A. changesB. effrtsC. mistakesD. cmments
32. A. slwerB. fasterC. lwerD. higher
33. A. imaginatinB. cnsideratinC. discussinD. persuasin
34. A. put frwardB. tried utC. turned dwnD. held back
35. A. silentlyB. secretlyC. cautiuslyD. happily
36. A. challengeB. entertainC. embarrassD. frighten
37. A. dissatisfiedB. disturbedC. dishnestD. disrespectful
38. A. backgrundB. envirnmentC. methdD. atmsphere
39. A. disappearB. expldeC. expandD. gather
40. A. interestB. frtuneC. healthD. grwth
第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s 6 a. m. The ring is ____41____ (early) than usual because the smart clck scanned yur schedule in the mrning and adjusted accrding t ____42____. Yur shwer autmatically turns n and warms t yur preferred 103°F. The electric car is ready ____43____ (g), charged by the slar panels r wind turbines n yur rf. When yu get hme later, there is an unexpected package waiting fr yu, ____44____ (deliver) by drne (无人机). Yu pen it and find cld medicine. It turns ut that the health sensrs in yur bathrm have detected signs f an ____45____ (ill) that is appraching and placed an rder autmatically.
Swedish research firm Berg Insight says 63 millin American hmes will ____46____ (regard) as “smart” by 2022, with everything frm Internet-cnnected light bulbs ____47____ cameras that let us spy n ur pets frm the ffice. A decade frm nw, experts say, we ____48____ (mve) frm turning the lights n and ff with ur vices t ttal immersin (沉浸) in the Internet f Things. Thanks t advancements in artificial intelligence, the smartest hmes will be able t ____49____ (true) learn abut their wners and even their needs. Develpments in rbtics will give us machines ____50____ ffer a helping hand with cleaning, cking and mre.
三、写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10 小题；每小题1分，满分10 分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
We all knw that cycling is a greatly exercise. A dctr tells me peple wh lives the lngest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the cmbinatin f fresh air, smth mvement and exercise. Whether yu ride a bicycle, yu dn’t use petrl. S they are nt prducing carbn dixide and nt cause air pllutin. Just see hw cars have been taken ver ur cities. They ften run at high speeds, what may put ur lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, t. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，即将参加你校举行的英语演讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1．菜品介绍；
2．制作过程。
注意：
1．写作词数应为100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Distinguished guests,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
笔试部分
一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Tang Dynasty, which lasted frm 618 t 907 AD, is ften cnsidered as China’s glden age. Indeed Chinese culture flurished under the Tang, and Tang pets are perhaps the best knwn f all Chinese literary figures.
The fllwing are fur schls f Tang petry. Take a lk.
Frntier Frtress Petry (边塞诗)
Ga Shi, Cen Shen and Wang Changling are representatives f this petry. It mainly describes the hardship f the battlefield, heric spirit f defending the hmeland, r hmesickness f sldiers. Representative wrks include Over the Brcfer by Wang Changling, Sng f Write Snw n Secretary Wu’s Return t Capital by Cen Shen, etc.
Landscape Pastral Petry
The representatives f this schl are Wang Wei and Meng Haran. Many f its themes are muntains,cluds and hermits (隐士). Its style is simple and elegant. The representative wrks include Thinking f My Brthers n Muntain Climbing Day by Wang Wei, Spring Mrning by Meng and s n.
Rmantic Petry
Li Bai is a typical representative f rmantic petry, wh enjys the title f “Genius f Petry”. T express his desire fr freedm and persnal value, his petry is free and bld, with creative imaginatin. One f his mst famus pems is A Tranquil Night, which is abut hmesickness, included in many schl textbks.
Realistic Petry
Du Fu is knwn as the “Sage f Petry”. His pems are in a realistic art style with strng feelings f cmpassin and cncern fr the destiny (命运) f the cuntry. His wrks “Three Officials” and “Three Farewells” bth reflect peple’s sufferings at that time.
1. Wh is ne f the representatives f Frntier Frtress Petry?
A. Wang Wei.B. Cen Shen.
C. Li Bai.D. Du Fu.
2. Which pem is written by a rmantic pet?
A. Spring Mrning.
B Over the Brder.
C. A Tranquil Night.
D. Thinking f My Brthers n Muntain Climbing Day.
3. Accrding t the passage, which statement is right?
A. Meng Haran is the representative f Rmantic Petry.
B. The Tang Dynasty lasted frm 608 t 917 AD.
C. Li Bai is knwn as the “Sage f Petry”.
D. “Three Farewells” reflects peple’s sufferings in the Tang Dynasty.
B
Very early n in my senir year f high schl, my parents carried the flame f wrrying abut my future cllege. I was willing t g t a 2-year cllege befre ging after my bachelr, s degree. This was fr tw reasns—t help them save mney and t make sure I majr in English. Hwever, they insisted I attend a 4-year cllege right ff the bat.
I was pushed t start searching fr clleges therefre, nes that my parents apprved f and that were within the range f tuitin that my mm thught was acceptable. I was als limited t the immediate areas, which nly included New Yrk, Cnnecticut, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, s I cannt apply fr any clleges in ne f my favrite places—New Hampshire.
I’ll be hnest. It gt a bit tense at times with several different pinins between my parents and me, and with ther family members r friends vicing their thughts t my parents.
In the end, I ended up applying fr three schls—SUNY Albany, SUNY New Paltz and Kutztwn University in Pennsylvania. I had been t New Paltz quite ften as it was nly 45 minutes away frm ur hme. And Kutztwn is lcated in an area ur family ften visited.
I was accepted by all three, and I quickly gave up Albany. I was nt impressed with the city and wasn’t familiar with the area. It was between New Paltz and Kutztwn. After a few weeks, I ended up settling n New Paltz because Kutztwn just didn’t “feel right” fr me. When I was n campus, I had a feeling that this was it.
Lking back nw, I wish I had knwn mre abut the applicatin prcess and had a little mre freedm f chice abut which cllege I culd apply fr. I prbably wuld still have attended SUNY New Paltz.
4. What did the authr’s parents think he shuld d?
A. Chse a cllege that culd prvide gd jbs.
B. G t a cmmunity cllege t save mney.
C. Chse a cllege that he liked best.
D. G t a 4-year cllege directly.
5 Why didn’t the authr chse clleges in New Hampshire?
A. He didnt like the place.
B. His situatin didn’t allw it.
C. The living expenses there were t high.
D. He wasn’t sure whether r nt he wuld fit in there.
6. Hw did the authr feel abut his final chice?
A. Embarrassed.B. Frightened.
C. Satisfied.D. Wrried.
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Hw I chse my cllegeB. Hw t apply fr a cllege
C. Different chices, different futureD. The meaning f attending cllege
C
Recently, the mst heated tpic f “which is the right bin fr my garbage” has swept China.
Shanghai is amng China’ s first cities t intrduce garbage classificatin (垃圾分类) and als the cuntry’s mst serius in its perfrming. Since July 1,2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law t srt garbage int fur different categries, r they culd face fines. Individuals, including turists, can be fined 200 yuan fr failing t srt their waste prperly, while cmpanies and institutins can be fined up t 50,000 yuan.
The gvernment has set up nline apps t handle srting questins, and annunced guidelines t address the “ne-size-fits-all” methd. The cuntry is abut t invest ver 21 billin yuan in the cnstructin f garbage prcessing facilities t meet demands. Nw it’s intrducing artificial intelligence int its waste management system, by setting up little cameras in many sets f bins.
Hwever, nt every face can be recgnized by the smart dustbin until yu register fr the system. Once registratin is cmplete, users will scan a QR cde n the bin, which then pens it up t allw fr garbage dispsal (处理). Nw, each husehld gets ne special QR cde fr thrwing ut waste. Here, the intelligent bins dn’t just calculate garbage weight, they als help residents gain rewards by cllecting pints thrugh the special app.
China is stepping int the age f cmpulsry garbage srting with its cities revising laws n garbage classificatin. Fr Shanghai, sixty percent f the city is expected t carry ut garbage srting by the end f 2019, and 90 percent by 2020. Garbage srting is, withut dubt, a cstly but wrthwhile endeavr. It is gd fr the envirnment and imprtant fr the cuntry’s sustainable develpment (可持续发展), and may finally turn ut t be a prmising industry as well.
8. What is the crrect rder in using smart garbage srting system?
① Gain rewards.
② Open up the bin
③ Register fr the system.
④ Scan a QR cde n the bin
A. ③④②①B. ④②③①
C. ③①②④D. ④③②①
9. What des the underlined wrd “endeavr” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Effrt.B. Fashin.
C. Annuncement.D. Decisin.
10. What can we knw frm the text?
A. The intelligent bins can nly shw garbage weight.
B. Residents have t srt garbage int fur different categries in Shanghai.
C. If cmpanies frget t srt their waste, they can be fined 200 yuan.
D. Turists can avid being fined fr failing t srt their waste crrectly.
11. Why des ur cuntry push ahead with cmpulsry garbage srting?
A. T build a garbage srting system.
B. T increase the use f artificial intelligence.
C. T prmte sustainable develpment f envirnment.
D. T supprt the cnstructin f garbage prcessing facilities.
D
(The New Yrk Times, Oct.7) The 2019 Nbel Prize in physilgy(生理学) r medicine was jintly awarded t three scientists — William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza — fr their wrk n hw cells sense and adapt t xygen availability. The Nbel Assembly annunced the prize at the Karlinska Institute in Stckhlm n Mnday.
Their wrk established the genetic mechanisms(机制) that allw cells t respnd t changes in xygen levels. The findings have implicatins(启示) fr treating a variety f diseases.
Why did they win?
“Oxygen is the lifebld f living rganisms(生物体),” said Dr. Gerge Daley, dean f Harvard Medical Schl. “Withut xygen, cells can’t survive.” But t much r t little xygen can be deadly. The three researchers tried t answer this questin: Hw d cells regulate their respnses?
The investigatrs uncvered detailed genetic respnses t changing xygen levels that allw cells in the bdies f humans and ther animals t sense and respnd t fluctuatins(波动), increasing and decreasing hw much xygen they receive.
Why is the wrk imprtant?
The discveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that cntrl such things as adaptatin t high altitudes and hw cancer cells manage t hijack(攫取) xygen. Randall Jhnsn, a member f the Nbel Assembly, described the wrk as a “textbk discvery” and said it wuld be smething students wuld start learning at the mst basic levels f bilgy educatin.
“This is a basic aspect f hw a cell wrks, and I think frm that standpint alne it’s a very exciting thing.” Jhnsn said.
The research als has implicatins fr treating varius diseases in which xygen is in shrt supply — including anemia, heart attacks and strkes — as well as fr treatment f cancers that are fed by and seek ut xygen.
12. This research has wn the Nbel Prize mainly because ____________.
A. there was n research f this kind in the past
B. xygen is the lifebld f living things
C. it has uncvered hw cells sense and respnd t changes in xygen levels
D. varius diseases will be cured with the help f the findings f the research
13. We can learn frm the passage that _____________.
A. The Nbel Prize was awarded t a physilgist n Mnday in Sweden.
B. Cancer cells manage t hijack xygen and need xygen t develp.
C. The mre xygen there is in bld, the healthier a living bdy will be.
D. The genetic mechanisms have been fund that allw xygen t adapt t cells.
14. Which f the fllwing can best explain the underlined wrd in the text?
A. used fr textbksB. pwerful and authritative
C. typical as a perfect exampleD. basic and clear
15. In which part f The New Yrk Times can yu find this article?
A. EntertainmentB. Culture
C. TechnlgyD. Science
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether yu vlunteer at an animal shelter r in a hspital, vlunteering is a wnderful pprtunity t bring gd int the wrld and supprt yur cmmunity. There are a lt f different vlunteer pprtunities. ____16____ Here are sme tips n hw t be an even better vlunteer.
Vlunteer fr smething yu lve. ____17____ If yur passin is helping thse with cancer, vlunteer t raise mney fr research. If yu’re passinate abut imprving the envirnment, vlunteer t pick up trash in public places. Yur passin will keep yu mtivated, s put yur effrt int smething yu treasure.
____18____ Yu are prbably nt best suited fr directing traffic if yu are shy. Be respectful t thse rganizers, but let them knw yur strengths and shw them hw yur strengths can be beneficial in yur vlunteer wrk. Find the balance that brings yur talents t the table and really helps the rganizatin.
Be n time. This is a simple but imprtant idea. Think abut being late fr yur wrk; yur bss, cwrkers and custmers wuld be upset. The same applies t vlunteering. ____19____
Mix yur vlunteer jbs. If yu becme bred, it may be time fr a schedule change in yur life. ____20____ It is vlunteering, s yu aren’t stuck in ne place.
A. Offer what yu can d best.
B. Ask what’s expected f vlunteers.
C. S if such a thing des happen, just call and let them knw.
D. It desn’t matter what it is, but it des matter what yu like.
E. Therefre, everyne can find a vlunteering pprtunity that suits their skills and interests.
F. Hwever, yu will vlunteer lnger in an rganizatin that supprts a cause yu care abut.
G. Vlunteer n different days r ask fr different tasks t see what ther pprtunities are ut there.
二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A beautiful indr ptted plant has been with us fr a lng time. It has ____21____ us thrugh tugh years and gd times. Sme days I thught it might live frever, but it ____22____.
The plant did well fr abut twenty years, but then began t ____23____. We watered it. We fed it. We ____24____ talked t it. But leaves and branches became lwer each day. We finally picked a few half-dead branches and ____25____ them in a small pt. One new small plant grew strng and healthy. But the ____26____ finally died. When we ____27____ it ut, we culd see why its ____28____ had grwn s massive (大量的；巨大的) that they threatened t ____29____ the sides f the pt that held them in.
Peple, t, ften _____30_____ they have utgrwn their envirnment, when they are cmmitted t persnal grwth and develpment and when they make the kinds f _____31_____ in their lives that lead t greater achievement and happiness.
I knw f a man wh was ffered a jb at a salary _____32_____ than he had ever made in his life. But after careful _____33_____, he refused the psitin. His wuld-be emplyer was amazed that he _____34_____ the ffer. “What’s the matter?” he asked. “Isn’t the salary big enugh?”
“The salary is fine,” the man said. “It’s the jb that, s nt big enugh.”
At ne time he culd have _____35_____ dne the wrk and enjyed the mney But he knew the jb wuld nt _____36_____ him and held eventually becme _____37_____. He had utgrwn the jb that was ffered.
Persnal develpment needs a changing _____38_____ in which t live. Peple seek bigger challenges. Their views _____39_____. Their interests change. And they need peple in their lives wh will make rm fr their _____40_____.
21. A. directedB. accmpaniedC. fllwedD. disappinted
22. A. diedB. survivedC. imprvedD. develped
23. A. fldB. fadeC. spreadD. delay
24. A. evenB. justC. nlyD. never
25. A. remvedB. destryedC. plantedD. studied
26. A. similarB. familiarC. preciusD. riginal
27. A. carriedB. gaveC. dugD. handed
28. A. leavesB. branchesC. skinsD. rts
29. A. mveB. burstC. rllD. jump
30. A. predictB. cmplainC. discverD. understand
31 A. changesB. effrtsC. mistakesD. cmments
32. A. slwerB. fasterC. lwerD. higher
33. A. imaginatinB. cnsideratinC. discussinD. persuasin
34. A. put frwardB. tried utC. turned dwnD. held back
35. A. silentlyB. secretlyC. cautiuslyD. happily
36. A. challengeB. entertainC. embarrassD. frighten
37. A. dissatisfiedB. disturbedC. dishnestD. disrespectful
38. A. backgrundB. envirnmentC. methdD. atmsphere
39. A. disappearB. expldeC. expandD. gather
40. A. interestB. frtuneC. healthD. grwth
第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s 6 a. m. The ring is ____41____ (early) than usual because the smart clck scanned yur schedule in the mrning and adjusted accrding t ____42____. Yur shwer autmatically turns n and warms t yur preferred 103°F. The electric car is ready ____43____ (g), charged by the slar panels r wind turbines n yur rf. When yu get hme later, there is an unexpected package waiting fr yu, ____44____ (deliver) by drne (无人机). Yu pen it and find cld medicine. It turns ut that the health sensrs in yur bathrm have detected signs f an ____45____ (ill) that is appraching and placed an rder autmatically.
Swedish research firm Berg Insight says 63 millin American hmes will ____46____ (regard) as “smart” by 2022, with everything frm Internet-cnnected light bulbs ____47____ cameras that let us spy n ur pets frm the ffice. A decade frm nw, experts say, we ____48____ (mve) frm turning the lights n and ff with ur vices t ttal immersin (沉浸) in the Internet f Things. Thanks t advancements in artificial intelligence, the smartest hmes will be able t ____49____ (true) learn abut their wners and even their needs. Develpments in rbtics will give us machines ____50____ ffer a helping hand with cleaning, cking and mre.
三、写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10 小题；每小题1分，满分10 分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
We all knw that cycling is a greatly exercise. A dctr tells me peple wh lives the lngest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the cmbinatin f fresh air, smth mvement and exercise. Whether yu ride a bicycle, yu dn’t use petrl. S they are nt prducing carbn dixide and nt cause air pllutin. Just see hw cars have been taken ver ur cities. They ften run at high speeds, what may put ur lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, t. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，即将参加你校举行的英语演讲比赛。命题演讲环节要求你介绍一道中国美食。请你写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1．菜品介绍；
2．制作过程。
注意：
1．写作词数应为100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Distinguished guests,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
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