专题04 七选五-备战2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期末真题分类汇编（北京专用）（解析版）

这是一份专题04 七选五-备战2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期末真题分类汇编（北京专用）（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了Ecducts， 10， 26等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.（2023上·北京昌平·高二统考期末）Ecducts: The Safe Way t Crss the Rad
Hw des an animal crss a rad safely? The shrt answer is: it ften desn’t! Every year arund the wrd, thusands f animals are killed r injured by cars, trucks, and trains n ur busy rads and railway systems.
France was the first cuntry t build wildlife crssings t help animals get acrss rads safely. The French designed these structures t prtect animals frm the busy traffic. Since then, many ther cuntries have als built wildlife crssings. 1
Ecducts, als called “ green bridges”, are structures that engineers build ver big rads and highways. 2 Cars, vans, and trucks g under the ecducts, thrugh a tunnel, and the animals walk ver the ecduct, abve the rad r highway.
At Banff Natinal Park, in Alberta, Canada, park emplyees have labred hard t make mre than 40 ecducts. Sme f the ecducts in Banff are bridges that crss ver the highway. 3 Others are called underpasses. These are tunnels that g under a rad. Mst ecducts have sil and plants n them which prvide a gd envirnment fr wildlife and encurage animals t use the structures. Sme ecducts, including many in Canada and in Flrida, are made extremely big s that black bears, deer, and the Flrida panther will use them.
4 Perhaps yu’re distrustful abut this idea. Yu shuldn’t be, because animals d use them! At first animals can be a little unsettled f the crssings. Experts say that sme bears can take as lng as five years t start using them. When animals realize that the ecducts are safe, they use them a lt! S far, since Banff Natinal Park began t make ntes abut the ecducts in 1997, eleven different species f mammals have used the verpasses and underpasses mre than 200, 000 times !
Ecducts are a great way t prtect wildlife frm traffic. 5 But fr nw even snakes can get itself acrss a rad safely thanks t ecducts!
A．Were endangered animals saved frm dying ut?
B．But d animals really use these man-made bridges?
C．These are called verpasses because they g ver a rad.
D．They allw many different types f animals t crss safely t the ther side.
E．In the Netherlands there are ver 600 special bridges and tunnels, called ecducts.
F．Cuntries will be building many mre f these structures arund the wrld in the future.
G．France used t be knwn fr its dangerus car crashes with animals until the rads were upgraded.
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主语介绍了一些国家为了使动物安全穿过马路而建造的生态导管。
1．上文“Since then, many ther cuntries have als built wildlife crssings.(从那时起，许多其他国家也建立了野生动物过境点。)”指出为了使动物安全过马路，除了法国外，其他一些国家也建立了野生动物过境点，下文“Ecducts, als called “ green bridges”, are structures that engineers build ver big rads and highways(生态导管，也被称为“绿色桥梁”，是工程师们在大型公路和高速公路上建造的结构)”提到本文主题生态导管，由此可知空处应该承上启下，指出一些国家建立了生态导管，E项“In the Netherlands there are ver 600 special bridges and tunnels, called ecducts.(在荷兰有超过600个特殊的桥梁和隧道，称为生态导管。)”符合，故选E。
2．上文“Ecducts, als called “ green bridges”, are structures that engineers build ver big rads and highways(生态导管，也被称为“绿色桥梁”，是工程师们在大型公路和高速公路上建造的结构)”提到生态导管是什么，空处应该承接上文，指出其作用，D项“They allw many different types f animals t crss safely t the ther side.(它们允许许多不同种类的动物安全地穿越到另一边。)”符合，“They”代指上文提到的Ecducts，故选D。
3．上文“Sme f the ecducts in Banff are bridges that crss ver the highway.(班夫的一些生态导管是跨越高速公路的桥梁。)”提到一些生态导管是跨越高速公路的桥梁，下文“Others are called underpasses.(还有一些叫做地下通道。)”提到其他的叫地下通道，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，指出跨越高速公路的桥梁被叫做什么，C项“These are called verpasses because they g ver a rad.(这些被称为立交桥，因为它们通过一条公路。)”符合，“These”代指上文提到是bridges that crss ver the highway，故选C。
4．下文“Perhaps yu’re distrustful abut this idea. Yu shuldn’t be, because animals d use them!(也许你不相信这个主意。你不应该担忧，因为动物会用它们！)”提到你不必担心动物不能安全穿过这些管道，因为它们会用，由此可知，空处应该引起下文，指出你对动物能不能安全穿过这些桥梁有疑问，B项“But d animals really use these man-made bridges?(但是动物真的使用这些人造桥梁吗？)”符合，和下文构成一问一答，故选B。
5．上文“Ecducts are a great way t prtect wildlife frm traffic.(生态导管是保护野生动物免受交通伤害的好方法。)”指出生态导管是保护野生动物免受交通伤害的好方法，所以我们要大力提倡，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，指出未来可能有更多国家建造这样的构造，F项“Cuntries will be building many mre f these structures arund the wrld in the future.(未来，世界各国将建造更多这样的结构。)”符合，故选F。
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2.（2023上·北京平谷·高二统考期末）Six Tips fr Freshmen
Starting cllege can be a stressful experience. It intrduces a lt f big changes in yur life. Here are six tips fr freshmen.
1. 6
Of all the tips fr cllege, this ne might be the mst practical. Make sure t cnsider what use at hme n a daily r weekly basis, and take a lk at what a cllege student has suggested yu bring!
2. Be cmfrtable being n yur wn.
7 The tasks fr which yu nce relied n yur parents are nw yur respnsibility, s it is imprtant that yu cme t schl knwing basic skills, hw t d laundry, and hw t fllw a rutine.
3. Have an idea f what yu want t study.
Declaring yur majr immediately upn getting accepted int cllege is nt life r death. 8 Internships(实习期) are als a great way t dip yur tes in the water and find ut whether r nt yu are interested in a certain career.
4. Put yurself ut there.
Fr thse wh struggle t make friends, finding peple wh yu share interests with is always a gd place t start. Jining a lcal club r activity that yu enjy can help yu t meet new peple that like the same things that yu d.
5. Practice gd habits.
Being away frm hme and the structure f middle schl fr the first time causes many cllege freshmen t frm bad habits. 9 These will help ensure yu stay in gd health and make yur cllege experience much smther.
6. 10
Budgeting(预算) can be a very simple way t understand and mnitr yur spending habits. A simple spreadsheet with yur mnthly expenses and incme is a great way t start listing yur spending.
A．Learn t manage yur finances.
B．Make sure t take classes that interest yu.
C．Making gd friend is very imprtant in cllege.
D．Knw what things yu need fr a cllege drm.
E．Establish a healthy system, and eat a balanced diet.
F．Yu culd d a part time jb t earn mre mney.
G．In mst cases, cllege is the first time that yu will be cmpletely n yur wn.
【答案】6．D 7．G 8．B 9．E 10．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了给大学新生的六条建议。
6．空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Of all the tips fr cllege, this ne might be the mst practical. Make sure t cnsider what use at hme n a daily r weekly basis, and take a lk at what a cllege student has suggested yu bring!(在所有关于大学生活的建议中，这一条可能是最实用的。一定要考虑每天或每周在家用什么，看看一个大学生建议你带什么!)”可知，本段建议要弄清楚日常需要使用什么，需要带什么到学校，因此推断D项“知道你在大学宿舍需要什么。”为本段标题，故选D。
7．根据段落标题“Be cmfrtable being n yur wn(独立是舒适的)”可知，本段建议要学会独立，下文“The tasks fr which yu nce relied n yur parents are nw yur respnsibility, s it is imprtant that yu cme t schl knwing basic skills, hw t d laundry, and hw t fllw a rutine.(你曾经依靠父母完成的任务现在是你自己的责任，所以上学时，知道一些基本的技能，如何洗衣服，以及如何遵守常规是很重要的。)”讲述不能再依靠父母，一些事情要依靠自己，要学会一些基本生活技能，G项中的“n yur wn”呼应主题，因此推断G项“在大多数情况下，大学是你第一次完全依靠自己。”符合语境，引出下文的解释。故选G。
8．根据段落标题“Have an idea f what yu want t study.(明确自己想学什么。)”可知，本段讲述关于学什么的建议，上文“Declaring yur majr immediately upn getting accepted int cllege is nt life r death.(被大学录取后立即宣布专业并不是生死攸关的事。)”谈到大学选专业并不是生死攸关的事情，下文“Internships(实习期) are als a great way t dip yur tes in the water and find ut whether r nt yu are interested in a certain career.(实习也是试水的好方法，可以让你知道自己是否对某个职业感兴趣。)”讲述了选专业的方法，前后文都是关系选专业的话题，B项“一定要参加你感兴趣的课程。”符合语境，与选专业有关。故选B。
9．上文“Being away frm hme and the structure f middle schl fr the first time causes many cllege freshmen t frm bad habits.(第一次离开家乡和中学结构导致许多大学新生形成坏习惯。)”谈到了第一次离家容易养成坏习惯，下文“These will help ensure yu stay in gd health and make yur cllege experience much smther.(这将有助于你保持身体健康，让你的大学生活更加顺利。)”中的these应是指空处的内容，这些可以有助于你保持身体健康，因此推断E项“建立健康的系统，均衡饮食。”符合语境，承接上文的坏习惯谈到好习惯，均衡饮食，健康体系有助于保持健康，承上启下，故选E。
10．空处为段落标题。根据下文“Budgeting(预算) can be a very simple way t understand and mnitr yur spending habits. A simple spreadsheet with yur mnthly expenses and incme is a great way t start listing yur spending.(预算是了解和监控自己消费习惯的一种非常简单的方法。用一个简单的电子表格列出你每月的支出和收入是列出你的支出的好方法。)”可知，本段讲述了有关制定预算的建议，因此推断A项“学会管理你的财务状况。”为本段标题。故选A。
3.（2023上·北京房山·高二统考期末）Hw t Find Yur Muse Thrugh Creative Pursuits
Have yu ever heard the famus qute “Genius is 1 percent inspiratin and 99 percent perspiratin”? 11 Sme artists, writers, pets, musicians, and even scientists lk t a muse asthe surce f their creativity r genius. The fllwing tips can help yu t find yur muse.
Listen t music.
Sngs, and music in general, can help yu relax. 12 Music, specifically lyrics, can als transprt yu t a specific time r place and prvide yu with ideas t help spark yur wn creativity.
Write whatever cmes t mind t get yur creativity flwing.
Yu may nt have any cncrete ideas, but simply writing smething dwn can help generate creative thughts. Cnsider it a frm f brainstrming. Remember that yu can always start ver r revise previus thughts befre yu finish a final draft. Writing, in and f itself, can help yu generate thughts. 13 It is best if yu d this type f writing by hand, because it will cnnect yu mre fully t the writing prcess.
14
Even if yu stick t ne type when yu write, yu can brrw smaller cncepts, the latest trend, persnality preferences, scenery ideas, and s much mre frm reading different types f bks. Each stry was prbably inspired frm the authr’s wn explratin f ther bks r tales and things that happened t r arund him in his daily lives.
Try ddling (涂鸦) r drawing t relax and stimulate yur creativity.
15 Instead, try spntaneus (自发的) activities, such as ddling r abstract drawing, as a way t be creative withut the pressure that can cme with creating finished art.
A．Peple find inspiratin in all srts f creative activities.
B．Read a lt f different stries t find creative inspiratin.
C．Try free writing r jurnaling fr 15 minutes every day.
D．Inspiratin is smething that cmes easily fr sme peple, but is a struggle fr thers.
E．The lyrics and the meldies yu listen t can lighten thughts that might weigh yu dwn.
F．Have fun and encunter yur artistic side withut wrrying abut finding innvative ideas.
G．Yu can express yurself artistically withut prducing a prfessinal drawing every time.
【答案】11．D 12．E 13．C 14．B 15．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何通过创造性的追求找到你的灵感的方法。
11．结合前文“Have yu ever heard the famus qute “Genius is 1 percent inspiratin and 99 percent perspiratin”?”（你有没有听过一句名言“天才是百分之一的灵感和百分之九十九的汗水。”？）可知，天才的实现要有灵感和努力。后文“Sme artists, writers, pets, musicians, and even scientists lk t a muse as the surce f their creativity r genius. ”（一些艺术家、作家、诗人、音乐家，甚至科学家都把灵感视为他们创造力或天赋的源泉。）说明一些著名人物把灵感视为他们的创造力或天赋的源泉。所以空处应改承接前文，讲述灵感的获得是因人而异的。选项D.“灵感对某些人来说很容易获得，但对另一些人来说却是一种挣扎。”切题，故选D。
12．根据前文“Sngs, and music in general, can help yu relax.”（一般来说，歌曲和音乐可以帮助你放松。）提到了歌曲和音乐的帮助作用。下文“Music, specifically lyrics, can als transprt yu t a specific time r place and prvide yu with ideas t help spark yur wn creativity.”（音乐，尤其是歌词，也可以把你带到一个特定的时间或地点，为你提供点子，帮助激发你自己的创造力。）特别提出音乐中歌词同样有着帮助作用。因而空处应承接前文，讲述在音乐中其它部分一样也有帮助。选项E.“你听到的歌词和旋律可以减轻让你颓丧的思想。”说明歌词和旋律一样有帮助意义，切题，故选E。
13．根据本段标题“Write whatever cmes t mind t get yur creativity flwing.”（想到什么就写什么，激发你的创造力。）前文“Writing, in and f itself, can help yu generate thughts.”（写作本身可以帮助你产生想法。）提到了通过写作可以激发创造力和灵感。因而空处应承接前文，讲述要给自己时间来写作。选项C.“尝试每天15分钟的自由写作或日记。”说明了每天要有自由写作时间，切题，故选C。
14．根据下文“Even if yu stick t ne type when yu write, yu can brrw smaller cncepts, the latest trend, persnality preferences, scenery ideas, and s much mre frm reading different types f bks.”（即使你写作时坚持一种风格，你也可以从不同类型的书籍中借用更小的概念、最新的趋势、个性喜好、风景观点等等。）说明通过阅读也可以激发你的创造力和灵感。因而作为段落标题句，应给说明通过阅读可以来寻找灵感的。选项B.“阅读许多不同的故事来寻找创造性的灵感。”切题，故选B。
15．段落标题“Try ddling (涂鸦) r drawing t relax and stimulate yur creativity.”（试着涂鸦或者画画来放松和激发你的创造力。）可知，涂鸦或者画画可以实现放松，同时激发你的创造力。后文“Instead, try spntaneus (自发的) activities, such as ddling r abstract drawing, as a way t be creative withut the pressure that can cme with creating finished art.”（相反，尝试自发的活动，如涂鸦或抽象绘画，作为一种创造性的方式，没有创造成品艺术所带来的压力。）可知，涂鸦等自由的绘画方式是一种创造性的方式，但不会带来压力。因此空处应讲述相对涂鸦而言，你不必通过专业的画来寻求自己的创造力。选项G.“你可以艺术地表达自己，而不用每次都画一幅专业的画。”切题，故选G。
4.（2023上·北京通州·高二统考期末）Imagine a child standing n a diving bard fur feet high and asking himself the questin: “Shuld I jump?” This is what mtivatin r the lack f it can d. 16 Withut mtivatin, yu can neither set a gal nr reach it. Like the child n the diving bard, yu will stay undecided.
S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself? 17 First, yu need t evaluate yurself, yur values, yur strengths, yur weaknesses, yur achievements, yur desires, etc. Only then shuld yu set yur gals.
Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin. This is quite imprtant, because it is directly related t yur cmmitment. There are times when yur heart is nt in yur wrk. 18 S, slw dwn and think what yu really want t d at that mment. Clarity (清晰) f thughts can help yu mve frward.
Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives keeping in mind yur beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that gals are flexible. 19 They als need t be measurable. Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.
Yur persnal circumstances are equally imprtant. Fr example, yu may want t be a pilt but can’t becme ne because yur eyesight is nt gd enugh. 20 Yu shuld reassess yur gals, and mtivate yurself t set a fresh gal.
Yu will surely need t vercme sme difficulties, sme planned, but mst unplanned. Yu cannt vercme them withut enugh mtivatin. Make sure that yu plan fr these difficulties at the time f setting yur gals.
A．They can change accrding t circumstances.
B．Cmmunicatin helps t understand each ther.
C．This can affect yur wrk.
D．Mtivatin and gal setting are the tw sides f same cin.
E．S why shuld we try t find supprting evidence?
F．Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal?
G．Hwever, this shuld nt discurage yu.
【答案】16．D 17．F 18．C 19．A 20．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。
16．根据下文“Withut mtivatin, yu can neither set a gal nr reach it. ”（没有动机，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它。）所以空处应该讲述动机和目标的关系。D项“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面。”提到了动机和目标是互补的，切题，故选D。
17．上文“S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?”（那你该怎么激励自己呢？）以问题形式提出你应该如何激励自己，后文“First, yu need t evaluate yurself, yur values, yur strengths, yur weaknesses, yur achievements, yur desires, etc. ”（首先，你需要评估你自己，你的价值观，你的长处，你的弱点，你的成就，你的欲望，等等。）提出了激励自己的方式，因而空处应承接上文，继续以问题的形式提出如何保持动机来实现目标，F项“更重要的是，你应该如何保持动机去实现目标？”，切题，故选F。
18．上文“There are times when yur heart is nt in yur wrk.”（有时候你的心不在工作上。），提到对待工作你有心不在焉的时刻。下文说“S, slw dwn and think what yu really want t d at that mment.”（所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么。），所以设空处应承上启下，讲述你的心不在焉会影响工作，引出下文相应的应对策略。C选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选C。
19．上文“Remember that gals are flexible.”（记得，目标是灵活的。）可知，目标是灵活的。因而空处应该承接上文，讲述目标灵活的表现是如何的。A选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变。”切题，故选A。
20．上文“Fr example, yu may want t be a pilt but can’t becme ne because yur eyesight is nt gd enugh.”（你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。）说明了阻碍你实现梦想的原因是因为自己的视力，即你的身体的缺陷。下文“Yu shuld reassess yur gals, and mtivate yurself t set a fresh gal.”（你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标。），讲述了我们要实时得做出改变，设定自己的新的目标。因而该空承上启下，讲述对于自己的缺陷不要气馁。G选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切题，故选G。
5.（2023上·北京石景山·高二统考期末）D yu knw what a reslutin is? 21 Mst f the time, we make prmises t ther peple—“Mm, I prmise I’m ging t tidy my rm when I get back frm schl”.
Hwever, prmises yu make t yurself are reslutins, and the mst cmmn kind is New Year’s reslutins. The start f the year is ften a time fr making reslutins. When we make reslutins at the beginning f the year, we hpe that we are ging t imprve ur lives. 22 This helps them t remember their reslutins. Others tell their family and friends abut their wishes and plans.
There are different kinds f reslutins. Sme are abut physical health. Fr example, sme peple prmise themselves they are ging t start an exercise prgram r eat less fast fd. 23 These are abut making yurself a better persn. Sme peple might say they are ging t take up a hbby like painting r taking phts, r learn t play the guitar. Sme reslutins have t d with better planning, like making a weekly plan fr schlwrk. 24
Althugh there are differences, mst reslutins have ne thing in cmmn. Peple hardly ever keep them! There are gd reasns fr this. Smetimes the reslutins may be t difficult t keep. Smetimes peple just frget abut them. Fr this reasn, sme peple say the best reslutin is t have n reslutins! 25
A．It’s a kind f prmise.
B．Hw abut yu—will yu make any next year?
C．Many reslutins have t d with self-imprvement.
D．Fr example, a student may have t find mre time t study.
E．D yu knw hw t stick t yur reslutin as lng as pssible?
F．A New Year’s reslutin is the gal that is set at the start f a new year.
G．Sme peple write dwn their reslutins and plans fr the cming year.
【答案】21．A 22．G 23．C 24．D 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了新年的开始则是做出自己不同的信念决心，每个人都有不同的新年决心。
21．根据空前的“D yu knw what a reslutin is?(你知道什么是决心吗？)”可知，后文是对“决心”进行回答。A选项“It’s a kind f prmise.(它是一种承诺。)”与前文呼应。故选A。
22．根据后文“This helps them t remember their reslutins.(这有助于他们记住自己的决心。)”可知此处表示某种方式有助于记住自己的新年决心。G选项“Sme peple write dwn their reslutins and plans fr the cming year.(有些人写下他们来年的决心和计划。)”可知，很多人把新年决心和计划写下来是可以有助于让他们记住自己的决心的。故选G。
23．根据后文“These are abut making yurself a better persn.(这些都是为了让你成为一个更好的人。)”可知，每个人会做出不同的新年决心，此处强调的新年决心是不断提升自己成为一个更好的人。C选项“Many reslutins have t d with self-imprvement.(许多决心都与自我提升有关。)”中的self-imprvement与下文的a better persn呼应。故选C。
24．根据前文的“Sme reslutins have t d with better planning, like making a weekly plan fr schlwrk. (有些决心与更好的计划有关，比如为每周的学业制定计划。)”可知，后文应该强调新年决心与学习计划有关系。D选项“Fr example, a student may have t find mre time t study.(例如，一个学生可能不得不找到更多的时间来学习。)”与前文呼应。故选D。
25．根据前文“Fr this reasn, sme peple say the best reslutin is t have n reslutins! (因此，有人说最好的决心就是没有决心！)”可知，有人说最好的决心就是没有决心，下文应该询问读者的意见。B选项“Hw abut yu—will yu make any next year?(那你呢——你明年会做吗？)”与前文承接，符合语境。故选B。
6.（2023上·北京海淀·高二统考期末）The Benefits f Making Fun f Yurself
Being able t laugh at yurself isn’t always easy. Hwever, making light f yur weaknesses and life challenges can have a number f benefits. While it might sund surprising, being able t make fun f yurself can be gd fr yur self-esteem(自尊). 26
Making fun f yurself is a frm f self-critical humr, which can invlve being t mdest, r even laughing at yurself humrusly. 27 Hwever, research suggests they tend t be mre self-cnfident. When this type f humr is used t maintain a psitive attitude in difficult situatins, it can help enhance well-being and self-esteem.
28 Making fun f yurself may help make yu mre likable and build strnger relatinships with thers. Interestingly, research suggests that bth men and wmen think that being able t make fun f yurself is an attractive trait, despite differences in their ways f using humr.
Laughter has been shwn t have a number f stress-fighting benefits. 29 When yu view situatins as threats, stress levels increase. Shifting t a mindset that allws yu t see these situatins as challenges can transfrm this int what is knwn as “gd stress” that helps yu feel mre empwered.
Making fun f yurself can have sme benefits, but it’s imprtant nt t take things t far. If making fun f yurself starts negatively impacting yur mental health r well-being, it’s time t take a step back. 30 If yu embrace yur weakness and imperfectins t a reasnable degree, yu will feel happier and imprve yur relatinships and verall well-being.
A．Find a balance that wrks fr yu.
B．Laughing at yurself helps accept yurself.
C．Peple are mre drawn t thers wh can laugh at themselves.
D．Being able t laugh at yurself can relieve stress by changing yur view.
E．Making fun f yurself in difficult situatins can reduce yur stress greatly.
F．Peple with such a sense f humr are smetimes regarded as having lw self-esteem.
G．It might even imprve yur relatinships and help yu face challenges mre effectively.
【答案】26．G 27．F 28．C 29．D 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍自嘲的一些好处，他有利于你的自尊，甚至可以改善你的人际关系，帮助你更有效地面对挑战，本文讲述的是如何合理地利用自嘲。
26．根据空前的“While it might sund surprising, being able t make fun f yurself can be gd fr yur self-esteem(自尊).(虽然这听起来可能令人惊讶，但能够自嘲对你的自尊有好处。)”可知，该部分讲的是自嘲的好处，所以此空处应选择的是自嘲的好处，G选项“It might even imprve yur relatinships and help yu face challenges mre effectively.(它甚至可以改善你的人际关系，帮助你更有效地面对挑战。)”中的even以及其内容讲述的是自嘲的好处，符合语境。故选G项。
27．根据空后“Hwever, research suggests they tend t be mre self-cnfident.(然而，研究表明他们往往更自信。)”中的hwever可知，此空与下文为转折关系，下文讲述的是自嘲可以使人更加的自信，所以此处空应该是与此内容相反，F选项“Peple with such a sense f humr are smetimes regarded as having lw self-esteem.(有这种幽默感的人有时被认为是自卑的。)”的内容讲述的是自嘲的人被认为是自尊心低的人，符合题意。故选F项。
28．空后的“Making fun f yurself may help make yu mre likable and build strnger relatinships with thers.(自嘲可能有助于让你更讨人喜欢，并与他人建立更牢固的关系。)”讲述的自嘲的人更讨人喜欢，人们更愿意与其建立牢固的关系，C选项“Peple are mre drawn t thers wh can laugh at themselves.(人们更容易被那些可以自嘲的人所吸引。)”讲述的是人们更喜欢自嘲的人，与下文内容吻合。故选C项。
29．根据空前的段落主题句“Laughter has been shwn t have a number f stress-fighting benefits.(哄堂大笑已被证明有许多对抗压力的好处。)”可知，该段讲述的是自嘲有抗压好处，D项“Being able t laugh at yurself can relieve stress by changing yur view.(能够嘲笑自己可以通过改变自己的观点来缓解压力。)”讲述的为嘲笑自己能缓解压力，符合语境。故选D项。
30．结合空前的“If making fun f yurself starts negatively impacting yur mental health r well-being, it’s time t take a step back.(如果取笑自己开始对您的心理健康或福祉产生负面影响，那么是时候退后一步了。)”可知，如果自嘲影响自己健康，说明有些过度了，而下文中的“If yu embrace yur weakness and imperfectins t a reasnable degree, yu will feel happier and imprve yur relatinships and verall well-being.(如果你在合理的程度上接受你的弱点和不完美，你会感到更快乐，改善你的人际关系和整体幸福感。)”说的是合理的自嘲会让人感到快乐，由此可推断，此空应是找到一个自嘲的平衡点，既要自嘲，又不能过度，A选项“Find a balance that wrks fr yu.(找到一个对你起作用的平衡点。)”起到一个承上启下的作用，符合题意。故选A项。
7.（2023上·北京东城·高二统考期末）The Pwer in Accepting Yur Errrs
It pays t be kind t yurself. A new study shws that being cmpassinate (同情的) with yurself when yu make mistakes can reduce depressin.
It is generally gd t hld yurself t high standards and strive t d yur best. But smetimes peple have unrealistic views f what they shuld achieve. 31 Then when they make a mistake, they may be t unfrgiving f that errr. It is an unhealthy frm f perfectinism. This is when a persn views anything imperfect as unacceptable. 32
Hwever, self-cmpassin can help prtect peple frm such negative impacts, a new study finds. 33 “It’s ften easy t say kind and supprtive things t ur friends when things g wrng fr them,” says Madeleine Ferrari. She’s a psychlgist at Australian Cathlic University in Sydney. “If we can say these things t urselves, we will still reach ur gals but will have better mental health,” she says.
34 Ferrari’s team wanted t see if self-cmpassin might weaken that link. The researchers surveyed 541 teenagers and 515 adults. They asked these peple t fill ut a set f three questinnaires and asked the participants t rate their levels f perfectinism, depressin and self-cmpassin.
In bth grups, peple wh were kinder t themselves were less likely t experience sadness and depressin, the researchers fund. 35 And that culd be especially true fr perfectinists.
A．They set standards that are t high.
B．Even the mst intelligent and prductive peple make mistakes.
C．This is a gd example f imprving and changing based n a mistake.
D．Self-cmpassin is treating yurself the way yu wuld treat a gd friend.
E．Such feelings can increase stress and lead t symptms (症状) f depressin.
F．S learning self-cmpassin culd imprve treatment fr thse with depressin.
G．Previus research has shwn that peple wh are perfectinists are mre likely t becme depressed.
【答案】31．A 32．E 33．D 34．G 35．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对自己充满同情可以减轻抑郁，善待自己是值得的。
31．上文“But smetimes peple have unrealistic views f what they shuld achieve.(但有时人们对自己应该实现的目标有不切实际的看法)”以及下文“Then when they make a mistake, they may be t unfrgiving f that errr.(然后，当他们犯了错误时，他们可能会对错误太不宽容)”说明有时候人们对自己设定不缺实际的目标，犯错误后对错误太不宽容，A项“他们设定的标准太高了。”说明人们设定太高的标准，承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
32．上文“This is when a persn views anything imperfect as unacceptable.(这是一个人认为任何不完美的东西都是不可接受的时刻)”以及下文“Hwever, self-cmpassin can help prtect peple frm such negative impacts, a new study finds.(然而，一项新的研究发现，自我同情有助于保护人们免受这种负面影响)”说明认为任何不完美的东西都不可接受会对人们产生负面影响，E项中symptms f depressin是关键词，E项“这种感觉会增加压力并导致抑郁症状。”介绍了抑郁症状这一负面影响，承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
33．上文“Hwever, self-cmpassin can help prtect peple frm such negative impacts, a new study finds.(然而，一项新的研究发现，自我同情有助于保护人们免受这种负面影响)”以及下文““It’s ften easy t say kind and supprtive things t ur friends when things g wrng fr them,” says Madeleine Ferrari.(玛德琳·法拉利说：“当我们的朋友遇到问题时，对他们说善意和支持的话通常很容易。”)”说明当朋友遇到问题时，我们容易对他们说善意和支持的话，采用同情的方式，D项中a gd friend是关键词，D项“自我同情是以对待好朋友的方式对待自己。”承上启下，符合题意。故选D。
34．下文“Ferrari’s team wanted t see if self-cmpassin might weaken that link.(法拉利的团队想看看自我同情是否会削弱这种联系)”以及“They asked these peple t fill ut a set f three questinnaires and asked the participants t rate their levels f perfectinism, depressin and self-cmpassin.(他们要求这些人填写一组三份问卷，并要求参与者对他们的完美主义、抑郁和自我同情程度进行评分)”说明法拉利的团队想看自我同情是否会削弱完美主义与抑郁之间的联系，G项“先前的研究表明，完美主义者更容易抑郁。”引出下文，符合题意。故选G。
35．上文“In bth grups, peple wh were kinder t themselves were less likely t experience sadness and depressin, the researchers fund.(研究人员发现，在这两组人中，对自己更友善的人不太可能经历悲伤和抑郁)”说明对自己更友善的人，即可以自我同情的人不太可能会抑郁，F项“因此，学习自我同情可以改善抑郁症患者的治疗。”承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
8.（2023上·北京朝阳·高二统考期末）In principle, it sunds simple: eat less and mve mre. 36 Yet, despite all the calrie cunting, dieting and exercising, wrldwide besity (肥胖) rates just keep speeding up. Peple in the US were heavier in 2021 than they were in 2020, placing many mre peple at risk frm serius diseases.
S why hasn’t this apprach t weight cntrl wrked? One pssibility is that we haven’t tried hard enugh. 37 Or perhaps the prblem is the fcus n “calrie balance” itself. In a recent paper, my clleagues and I questin the basic assumptin f whether taking in mre calries than yu burn really is the chief cause f besity. We argue that the evidence actually pints the ther way: we are driven t vereat because we are getting fatter.
38 As their grwth rate speeds up, teenagers may eat hundreds f calries mre each day than they used t. Des this “vereating” cause the rapid grwth? Or des the rapid grwth, which requires mre calries t build new bdy tissues, make teenagers hungrier s they eat mre? Clearly the latter, as adults wn’t grw taller, n matter hw much they eat.
The key t hw this wrks in besity is hrmnes (激素), especially the fat-strage hrmne. Prcessed, rapidly digestible high-carbn fds like ptat chips and sugary drinks raise ur hrmne level t high. 39 A few hurs after eating a high-carbn meal, the number f calries in the bldstream falls rapidly, s we get hungrier sner after eating.
Therefre, in rder t prevent and treat weight prblems, the emphasis shuld be placed n what t eat instead f hw much we eat. Replacing prcessed high-carbn fds with high-fat fds-such as nuts-lwers the hrmne btainable fr the rest f the bdy. 40
Althugh much mre research will be needed t test this idea, it is time t questin the basic assumptins abut cause and effect, calries and weight gain that have dminated ur thinking fr decades.
A．Weight cntrl becmes a battle between dieting and exercising.
B．This may seem incredible but cnsider the rapid grwth f teenagers.
C．The dietary advice fr dealing with besity has been arund fr decades.
D．We have lacked willpwer t maintain healthy dietary and exercise habits.
E．A lw-calrie diet further restricts an already limited supply f energy t the bdy.
F．This causes ur fat cells t stre t many calries, leaving fewer fr the rest f the bdy.
G．In fact, high-fat fds may help decrease bdy fat, a pssibility supprted by medical practices.
【答案】36．C 37．D 38．B 39．F 40．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是造成肥胖的原因。
36．空前说“In principle, it sunds simple: eat less and mve mre.(原则上，这听起来很简单：少吃多动。)”，这是一条建议，空格处要对这条建议做出评论，C选项“The dietary advice fr dealing with besity has been arund fr decades.(应对肥胖的这条饮食建议已经存在了几十年。)”是对空前所说建议的评论，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
37．空前说“S why hasn’t this apprach t weight cntrl wrked? One pssibility is that we haven’t tried hard enugh.(那么，为什么这种控制体重的方法没有奏效呢？一种可能是我们还不够努力。)”，空后说“Or perhaps the prblem is the fcus n “calrie balance” itself.(或许问题出在“卡路里平衡”本身。)”，空格处应该说明这种控制体重的方法没有奏效的原因，而且和空前的“我们还不够努力”有关，D选项“We have lacked willpwer t maintain healthy dietary and exercise habits.(我们缺乏意志力来保持健康的饮食和锻炼习惯。)”解释了这种控制体重的方法没有奏效的原因，“缺乏意志力”和空前的“我们还不够努力”相对应，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
38．空前说“We argue that the evidence actually pints the ther way: we are driven t vereat because we are getting fatter.(我们认为，事实恰恰相反：我们被迫吃得过多，是因为我们越来越胖。)”，空后说“As their grwth rate speeds up, teenagers may eat hundreds f calries mre each day than they used t.(随着生长速度的加快，青少年每天可能会比过去多摄入数百卡路里。)”，空格处应该对空前所说的事实做出评价，而且要提到青少年的生长，B选项“This may seem incredible but cnsider the rapid grwth f teenagers.(这似乎难以置信，但考虑到青少年的快速成长。)”中前半句是对空前内容的评价，后半句中的“the rapid grwth f teenagers”和空后的“their grwth rate speeds up”相对应，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
39．空前说“Prcessed, rapidly digestible high-carbn fds like ptat chips and sugary drinks raise ur hrmne level t high.(加工过的、易消化的高碳食物，如薯片和含糖饮料，会使我们的激素水平过高。)”，空后说“A few hurs after eating a high-carbn meal, the number f calries in the bldstream falls rapidly, s we get hungrier sner after eating.(在吃完高碳餐几个小时后，血液中的卡路里含量迅速下降，所以我们在吃完饭后很快就会感到饿。)”，空格处要讲明吃加工过的、易消化的高碳食物使我们的激素水平过高后所造成的进一步结果，而且还要提到有的地方的卡路里含量下降，F选项“This causes ur fat cells t stre t many calries, leaving fewer fr the rest f the bdy.(这导致我们的脂肪细胞储存了太多的卡路里，留给身体其他部分的热量就更少了。)”说明了高碳食物造成的结果，且说明了除脂肪细胞以外的身体其他部分的热量减少，和空后的“血液中的卡路里含量迅速下降”相呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
40．空前说“Replacing prcessed high-carbn fds with high-fat fds-such as nuts-lwers the hrmne btainable fr the rest f the bdy.(用高脂肪的食物代替加工过的高碳食物，比如坚果，会降低身体其他部位的激素含量。)”，空格处应解释为什么会这样，G选项“In fact, high-fat fds may help decrease bdy fat, a pssibility supprted by medical practices.(事实上，高脂肪食物可能有助于减少体脂，这一可能性得到了医学实践的支持。)”说明了用高脂肪的食物代替加工过的高碳食物的原因，其中的“high-fat fds”和空前的“high-fat fds”相一致，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
9.（2022.上·北京石景山·高三统考期末）D yu lve fd? Whether yu’re a fdie r smene wh just likes eating, there is s much t chse frm. We knw that t much f the wrng kind f fd can be bad fr ur health, but fr sme peple having a fd allergy means that eating certain things can actually be harmful. Such cases may seem uncmmn. 41
An allergy is caused by the immune (免疫的) system fighting substances in the
envirnment. 42 It means that peple have t fllw strict dietary restrictins, therwise their lives may be put at risk. Allergy specialist Dr. Adam Fx says “if yu lk back ver, say, 30 r 40 years… there are much mre serius allergic prblems arund nw than there were.” 43 Last year a teenager died after suffering an allergic reactin frm eating a piece f bread cntaining peanuts. This led t a call fr better fd-labeling laws.
Research has fund that this prblem is particularly affecting children. 44 Dr. Alexandra Sants frm King’s Cllege Lndn says “fd allergy nw affects abut 7% f children in the UK and 9% f thse in Australia, fr example. Acrss Eurpe, 2% f adults have fd allergies.”
S what might be the cause? Dr. Sants says, the increase in allergies is nt simply the effect f sciety becming mre aware f them and better at diagnsing them. 45 She adds that pssible factrs are pllutin, dietary changes and less expsure t bacteria, which change hw ur immune systems respnd. She pints ut that it’s very cmmn fr migrants wh mve t anther cuntry t develp fd allergies in their new lcatin.
A．It seems t be mre envirnmental.
B．A fd allergy can affect yu at any age.
C．Fd allergies can cause life-threatening reactins.
D．Yet in fact, fd allergies are affecting mre and mre f us.
E．Mre and mre f them are having allergic reactins t certain fd.
F．A lt f wrk is being dne t try and find a cure, but that’s nt easy.
G．We ften hear abut peple having allergies t dairy prducts r t nuts.
【答案】41．D 42．C 43．G 44．E 45．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个事实——食物过敏正影响着越来越多的人，并解释了导致食物过敏增加的原因。
41．上文“Such cases may seem uncmmn. （这种情况似乎并不常见。）”说明食物过敏这个情况看似不太常见，实际上还是很多。D选项Yet in fact, fd allergies are affecting mre and mre f us.（然而事实上，食物过敏正影响着越来越多的人。）中“in fact”与文意相符。故选D项。
42．下文“It means that peple have t fllw strict dietary restrictins, therwise their lives may be put at risk.（这意味着人们必须严格遵守饮食限制，否则他们的生命可能会处于危险之中。）”说明食物过敏可能会导致人们的生命陷入危险。C选项Fd allergies can cause life-threatening reactins.（食物过敏会引起危及生命的反应。）符合上文。故选C项。
43．下文“Last year a teenager died after suffering an allergic reactin frm eating a piece f bread cntaining peanuts. （去年，一名青少年因吃了一片含有花生的面包而产生过敏反应而死亡。）”说明坚果可以导致过敏。G选项We ften hear abut peple having allergies t dairy prducts r t nuts.（我们经常听说有人对乳制品或坚果过敏。）与下文的花生过敏相符。故选G项。
44．下文“ Dr. Alexandra Sants frm King’s Cllege Lndn says “fd allergy nw affects abut 7% f children in the UK and 9% f thse in Australia, fr example. Acrss Eurpe, 2% f adults have fd allergies.”（敦国王学院的亚历山德拉·桑托斯博士说:“例如，食物过敏现在影响了英国约7%的儿童和澳大利亚9%的儿童。在欧洲，2%的成年人有食物过敏。”）”说明过敏症对于现在人的影响越来越大。E选项Mre and mre f them are having allergic reactins t certain fd.（越来越多的人对某些食物有过敏反应。）符合文意。故选E项。
45．下文“She adds that pssible factrs are pllutin, dietary changes and less expsure t bacteria, which change hw ur immune systems respnd.（她补充说，可能的因素是污染、饮食变化和较少接触细菌，这些都会改变我们的免疫系统的反应。）”说明过敏与环境是有关的。A选项It seems t be mre envirnmental.（它似乎更多的是与环境有关。）符合下文过敏与环境有关的话题。故选A项。
10.（2022上·北京朝阳·高三统考期末）Sme peple prefer t have a bite t eat befre hitting the gym, knwn as a fed wrkut. Others wuld like t wait until after exercising t refuel their bdies, called a fasted wrkut. 46 Many experts say there’s n easy answer because it depends n the persn.
If yu want energy and strength fr an ideal wrkut, yu need fuel. A fed wrkut will prvide yur bdy with pwer. Eating befre exercise may help yu sustain lnger sessins and lift heavier weights. 47 Muscle preservatin is als an essential cmpnent f strengthening yur bdy. Nitrgen (氮) is critical fr prcessing prtein that builds healthy muscles. Peple tend t lse less nitrgen during a fed wrkut than a fasted ne.
Many fitness enthusiasts are nt n bard with this idea. They reprt feeling sick and inactive while trying t exercise after eating. With a fasted wrkut, yu may nt get the usual indigestin. Experts fr fasted wrkuts further claim that eating afterwards makes yur bdy use its fat reserves fr energy, meaning yu will burn mre fat. 48 It can cause a sudden drp in yur bld glucse (葡萄糖) levels, and yu may feel dizzy. Yu may even be mre likely t vereat.
49 Nt all fds are created equal. Fr example, if yu chse a fed wrkut, yu’ll prbably lse a lt f water during an intense training, s yu shuld cnsider drinking sme befrehand. With a fasted wrkut, it wuld help if yu had sme nutritin right after yur sessin is cmplete. Drink sme water. Then, have a light meal r nutritinal snack.
Deciding when t eat fr an ideal wrkut is a persnal chice. Bth fasted wrkuts and fed activities have their benefits and shrtcmings. 50
A．Hwever, a fasted wrkut might nt wrk fr yu.
B．Hw yur bdy will respnd is based n yur wrkut intensity.
C．These benefits can result in burning mre fat and shaping a slimmer bdy.
D．T eat r nt t eat, that is the questin n many fitness enthusiasts’ minds.
E．Think thrughly and discuss with yur fitness instructr befre taking a chice.
F．Knwing what t eat fr an ideal wrkut is just as imprtant as knwing when t eat.
G．A persn ding a 30-minute sessin a day may nt have a prblem with fasted wrkuts.
【答案】46．D 47．C 48．A 49．F 50．E
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了进食锻炼和快速锻炼的优缺点，告诉人们在做出选择之前，彻底地考虑并与自己的健身教练讨论。
46．根据上文“Sme peple prefer t have a bite t eat befre hitting the gym, knwn as a fed wrkut. Others wuld like t wait until after exercising t refuel their bdies, called a fasted wrkut.(有些人喜欢在去健身房之前先吃点东西，这被称为“进食锻炼”(fed wrkut)。另一些人则喜欢等到运动结束后再给身体补充能量，这被称为禁食锻炼。)”和下文“Many experts say there’s n easy answer because it depends n the persn.(许多专家说这个问题没有简单的答案，因为这取决于个人。)”可知，空处提出关于“锻炼前吃或者不吃这个问题”。D项中地“the questin”和下文的“answer”对应。D项：T eat r nt t eat, that is the questin n many fitness enthusiasts’ minds.( 吃还是不吃，这是许多健身爱好者心中的问题。)符合语境。故选D。
47．根据上文“Eating befre exercise may help yu sustain lnger sessins and lift heavier weights.(运动前吃点东西可以帮助你坚持更长时间，举起更重的重量。)”可知，此处说明了运动前吃东西的好处，与C项的“These benefits”对应。C项：These benefits can result in burning mre fat and shaping a slimmer bdy.(这些好处可以燃烧更多的脂肪，塑造更苗条的身材。)符合语境。故选C。
48．根据上文“Experts fr fasted wrkuts further claim that eating afterwards makes yur bdy use its fat reserves fr energy, meaning yu will burn mre fat. (研究快速运动的专家进一步声称，在快速运动之后吃东西会让你的身体把储存的脂肪用作能量，这意味着你会燃烧更多的脂肪。)”和下文“It can cause a sudden drp in yur bld glucse levels, and yu may feel dizzy. (它会导致你的血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。)”可知，上文提到快速运动的好处，下文提到快速运动的危害，上下文之间形成转折关系。A项：Hwever, a fasted wrkut might nt wrk fr yu.(然而，快速锻炼可能并不适合你。)符合语境。故选A。
49．根据下文“Nt all fds are created equal. (并不是所有的食物都生而一样。)”可知，空处提到锻炼应该吃什么很重要。F项：Knwing what t eat fr an ideal wrkut is just as imprtant as knwing when t eat. (知道理想的锻炼应该吃什么和知道什么时候吃一样重要。)符合语境。故选F。
50．根据上文“Deciding when t eat fr an ideal wrkut is a persnal chice. Bth fasted wrkuts and fed activities have their benefits and shrtcmings.(决定何时进食进行理想的锻炼是个人的选择。禁食锻炼和进食锻炼都有各自的优点和缺点。)”可知，本段讨论的是如何做出决定的问题，E项中的“befre taking a chice.”与主旨对应。E项：Think thrughly and discuss with yur fitness instructr befre taking a chice.(在做出选择之前，彻底地考虑并与你的健身教练讨论。)符合语境。故选E。
优选提升提
11.（2023上·北京东城·高二统考期末）D yu feel like yu can remember things better when yu actively engage with the infrmatin and create yur wn versin f it? 51 This phenmenn has imprtant implicatins when it cmes t understanding hw peple learn.
Tests n the generatin effect shw that when users encunter a list f wrds presented in the frm f fragments (片段), they will engage several areas f the brain t create wrds t fill in the blanks. 52 Researchers believe this is because f the deeper level f cgnitive (认知的) engagement invlved in the prcess f creating new wrds.
Teachers and instructrs need t be aware f the rle the generatin effect can play in the classrm. Students wh just receive written material they can read may nt understand it as fully as students wh engage with it by taking ntes, cmpleting writing exercises, and s frth. 53 Rather than giving students a list f crrectly spelled wrds and asking them t memrize it, the teacher can ask students t cmplete wrksheets where they must fill in blanks t spell the wrds.
54 If a student simply reads a textbk, he/she will nt absrb the infrmatin as well as when he/she takes ntes and recreates charts and ther materials presented in the bk. Students preparing fr an examinatin may find it helpful t write ut material frm the text, rephrasing in their wn wrds as apprpriate t make sure they fully understand the material. 55
In a wrd, it all bils dwn t active learning versus passive learning. Spending a few minutes actively prducing cntent may just be the thing yu were missing in yur learning rutine.
A．That’s called the Generatin Effect.
B．Fr students, the generatin effect can als be imprtant.
C．When they are asked t repeat the list later, their recall will be better.
D．A cmmn example f the generatin effect can be seen in spelling lessns fr yung students.
E．The simple act f writing can trigger(激发) the generatin effect and help the students perfrm better n examinatins.
F．They will find that actively using new infrmatin may create relatinships between tasks in examinatins.
G．The prcess f generating cntent may initiate sme particular encding (编码) prcesses that d nt happen when simply reading.
【答案】51．A 52．C 53．D 54．B 55．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生成效应对学习的影响。
51．上文“D yu feel like yu can remember things better when yu actively engage with the infrmatin and create yur wn versin f it? (你是否觉得当你积极地参与信息并创造自己的版本时，你能更好地记住事情?)”提出一种现象，下文“This phenmenn has imprtant implicatins when it cmes t understanding hw peple learn.(这一现象对于理解人们如何学习具有重要意义。)”说明这一现象对于理解人们如何学习具有重要意义，A项“That’s called the Generatin Effect.(这就是所谓的生成效应。)”点明这一现象，承上启下，同时呼应第二段中“Tests n the generatin effect shw...”。故选A项。
52．上文“Tests n the generatin effect shw that when users encunter a list f wrds presented in the frm f fragments (片段), they will engage several areas f the brain t create wrds t fill in the blanks.(对生成效应的测试表明，当用户遇到以碎片形式呈现的单词列表时，他们会让大脑的几个区域参与进来，创造单词来填补空白)”提到一个用碎片形式呈现的单词列表进行的生成效应测试，C项“When they are asked t repeat the list later, their recall will be better.(当他们稍后被要求重复这个列表时，他们的记得更好。)”承接上文，给出了测试的结果，句中“the list”照应上文中“a list f wrds presented in the frm f fragments (片段)”，“create wrds t fill in the blanks”照应下文中“the prcess f creating new wrds”。故选C项。
53．下文“Rather than giving students a list f crrectly spelled wrds and asking them t memrize it, the teacher can ask students t cmplete wrksheets where they must fill in blanks t spell the wrds.(比起给学生一张拼写正确的单词列表并要求他们记住它，老师可以让学生完成工作表，在那里他们必须填空拼写单词。)”用拼写课上的情况来证明生成效应的作用，是对D项“A cmmn example f the generatin effect can be seen in spelling lessns fr yung students.(生成效应的一个常见例子可以在青少年学生的拼写课上看到。)”的承接，给出具体事例，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
54．下文“If a student simply reads a textbk, he/she will nt absrb the infrmatin as well as when he/she takes ntes and recreates charts and ther materials presented in the bk. Students preparing fr an examinatin may find it helpful t write ut material frm the text, rephrasing in their wn wrds as apprpriate t make sure they fully understand the material.(如果学生只是简单地阅读课本，与通过做笔记、重新创建图表和书中呈现的其他材料的方式比起来，他/她就不能很好地吸收信息。准备考试的学生可能会发现，从课文中写下材料，并用自己的话适当地复述，以确保他们完全理解材料，这是很有帮助的。)”通过举例说明生成效应对学生学习的重要作用，B项“Fr students, the generatin effect can als be imprtant.(对学生来说，生成效应也很重要。)”总领全段，同时句中“als be imprtant”表明与上一段“Teachers and instructrs need t be...”的并列关系。故选B项。
55．上文“Students preparing fr an examinatin may find it helpful t write ut material frm the text, rephrasing in their wn wrds as apprpriate t make sure they fully understand the material.(准备考试的学生可能会发现，从课文中写下材料，并用自己的话适当地复述，以确保他们完全理解材料，这是很有帮助的。)”提到学生通过写下材料来准备考试，E项“The simple act f writing can trigger (激发) the generatin effect and help the students perfrm better n examinatins.(简单的写作行为就能触发生成效应，帮助学生在考试中取得更好的成绩。)”承接上文，说明写下材料能触发生成效应，让学生取得好成绩，句中“perfrm better n examinatins”与上文“Students preparing fr an examinatin”相照应。故选E项。
12.（2023上·北京海淀·高二统考期末）Digital Medicine
Culd the next suggestin frm yur dctr be dwnlading an app? Cllectively knwn as digital medicine, a large number f apps in use r under develpment can nw detect r mnitr mental and physical disrders r directly administer therapies. 56
Many detectin aids rely n mbile devices t recrd such features as users’ vices, lcatins, facial expressins, exercise and sleep; then they apply artificial intelligence t mark the pssible change f a cnditin. Sme smart watches, fr instance, cntain a sensr that autmatically detects and warns peple f a dangerus heart rate. 57 These wearable detectin aids will nt replace a dctr any time sn but can be helpful partners in stressing cncerns that need fllw-up. 58 Sme are being develped t detect things such as cancerus DNA, stmach bleeds, bdy temperature and xygen levels. The sensrs inside yur bdy can then send the data t apps fr recrding.
59 Fr the mst part, thse intended t diagnse r treat disrders must be prved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatry apprval; sme may need a dctr’s permissin.
Clearly, sciety must mve int the future f digital medicine with care — ensuring that the apps g thrugh strict testing, prtect privacy and g smthly int dctrs’ wrk. With such prtectins in place, healthcare csts culd be saved by marking unhealthy behaviurs and helping peple t make changes befre diseases set in. 60 Fr researchers, the patterns that emerge will prvide them with nvel ideas fr hw best t build healthier habits and prevent diseases.
A．Fr dctrs, applying AI t the data frm these apps culd help them persnalize patient care.
B．These data als help dctrs detect diseases and help patients change their behavirs.
C．Other similar tls can detect breathing disrders, depressin and ther cnditins.
D．They can bth help diagnse symptms and enhance traditinal medical care.
E．Detectin aids can als take the frm f eatable and sensr-bearing pills.
F．Digital medicine has been widely used in all aspects f life nwadays.
G．Nt all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine.
【答案】56．D 57．C 58．E 59．G 60．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字医疗的概念、具体的检测辅助设备的功能、发展中面临的限制以及未来可能带来的好处。
56．前文“Cllectively knwn as digital medicine, a large number f apps in use r under develpment can nw detect r mnitr mental and physical disrders r directly administer therapies. (现在，大量正在使用或正在开发的应用程序被统称为数字医疗，它们可以检测或监测心理和身体疾病，或直接实施治疗)”介绍数字医疗具备的功能，D项“They can bth help diagnse symptms and enhance traditinal medical care. (它们既可以帮助诊断症状，又可以加强传统的医疗保健)”符合语境，继续介绍数字医疗的功能，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的a large number f apps。故选D。
57．前文“Sme smart watches, fr instance, cntain a sensr that autmatically detects and warns peple f a dangerus heart rate. (例如，一些智能手表包含一个传感器，可以自动检测并警告人们危险的心率)”列举智能手表中的检测辅助功能，后文“These wearable detectin aids will nt replace a dctr any time sn but can be helpful partners in stressing cncerns that need fllw-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，C项“Other similar tls can detect breathing disrders, depressin and ther cnditins. (其他类似的工具可以检测呼吸障碍、抑郁症和其他疾病)”符合语境，说明其他的检测辅助功能，承接前文，引出后文的评估，后文的These wearable detectin aids涵盖前文的Sme smart watches和选项中的Other similar tls。故选C。
58．前文“These wearable detectin aids will nt replace a dctr any time sn but can be helpful partners in stressing cncerns that need fllw-up. (这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，后文“Sme are being develped t detect things such as cancerus DNA, stmach bleeds, bdy temperature and xygen levels. The sensrs inside yur bdy can then send the data t apps fr recrding. (其中一些正在被开发用于检测癌症DNA、胃出血、体温和氧气水平等。然后，你体内的传感器可以将数据发送到应用程序进行记录。)”介绍新的介入体内的检测辅助设备，E项“Detectin aids can als take the frm f eatable and sensr-bearing pills. (检测辅助设备还可以采用可食用和带有传感器的药丸的形式)”符合语境，说明检测辅助设备的新形式，从前文的可穿戴的形式过渡到后文的介入体内的新形式，其中的eatable and sensr-bearing和后文的The sensrs inside yur bdy呼应。故选E。
59．空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“Fr the mst part, thse intended t diagnse r treat disrders must be prved safe and effective in clinical trials and earn regulatry apprval; sme may need a dctr’s permissin. (在大多数情况下，那些用于诊断或治疗疾病的药物必须在临床试验中被证明是安全有效的，并获得监管部门的批准；有些可能需要医生的许可)”指出数字医疗发展中的严格限制和流程，G项“Nt all healthcare apps can be used as digital medicine. (并非所有的医疗保健应用程序都可以用作数字医疗)”符合语境，说明数字医疗有其限制，可引出后文。故选G。
60．前文“With such prtectins in place, healthcare csts culd be saved by marking unhealthy behaviurs and helping peple t make changes befre diseases set in. (有了这些保护措施，就可以通过标记不健康行为并帮助人们在疾病发生之前做出改变来节省医疗费用)”说明使用数字医疗对于普通人的好处，后文“Fr researchers, the patterns that emerge will prvide them with nvel ideas fr hw best t build healthier habits and prevent diseases. (对于研究人员来说，出现的模式将为他们提供如何最好地建立更健康的习惯和预防疾病的新想法)”说明使用数字医疗对于研究者的好处，A项“Fr dctrs, applying AI t the data frm these apps culd help them persnalize patient care. (对于医生来说，将人工智能应用于这些应用程序的数据可以帮助他们个性化患者护理)”符合语境，说明使用数字医疗对于医生的好处，和前后文内容呼应。故选A。