2023届山西省吕梁市高三第二次模拟考试英语试题(含答案)

这是一份2023届山西省吕梁市高三第二次模拟考试英语试题(含答案)，共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Tp Amusement Parks in America
Fun Spt America: Orland, Flrida
If yu’re lking fr a mre affrdable theme park experience in the Orland area, Fun Spt America Orland shuld be n yur radar. This theme park ffers a batlad f rides and attractins fr much lwer prices than at nearby parks, including smaller rller casters, drp rides, spin rides and a Ferris wheel.
Six Flags Magic Muntain: Valencia, Califrnia
Six Flags Magic Muntain is perfect fr families with kids f all ages. Family rides at this tp Califrnia theme park include everything yu wuld expect, frm bumper cars t a miniature train fr all ages. Meanwhile, the park’s thrill rides will spin yu every which way r drp yu up t 250-plus feet. The Wnder Wman Flight f Curage became the wrld’s tallest and lngest single-rail caster when it pened t park guests in summer 2022.
SeaWrld San Dieg: San Dieg, Califrnia
Rides and rller casters are dtted thrughut SeaWrld San Dieg. Guests can als discver large casters like the Emperr—the tallest, fastest and lngest dive caster in Califrnia. In spring 2023 the park is set t launch a brand new caster called Arctic Rescue, which will be the fastest and lngest straddle caster n the West Cast. SeaWrld San Dieg is pen year rund.
Silver Dllar City: Bransn, Missuri
Silver Dllar City basts bth a theme park and a water park near the dwntwn Bransn. Missuri. The 1880s-inspired theme park itself features almst 40 rides and attractins, including spinning casters, drp rides, swing rides and mre. The water park is hme t 13 acres f water rides, slides, and a lazy river. Silver Dllar City is pen thrughut the year, while the water park nly pens seasnally frm late May t early September.
1、Which is an ecnmical ptin fr a turist?
A.Silver Dllar City.B.SeaWrld San Dieg.
C.Six Flags Magic Muntain.D.Fun Spt America Orland.
2、What is the Wnder Wman Flight f Curage?
A.A lng-standing ride.B.A wrld-class facility.
C.A well-knwn mvie.D.A man-made park.
3、What d SeaWrld San Dieg and Silver Dllar City have in cmmn?
A.They will launch a new caster in 2023.
B.They are hme t water rides and slides.
C.They are pen t public at all seasns.
D.They are lcated in the same state f America.
Michelle Yeh, a famus name in Chinese cinema, made histry n Sunday night by becming the first Asian wman t win the Academy Award fr best actress.
The Malaysian-brn actress tk hme the celebrated award fr her extrardinary perfrmance in the multiversal cmedy Everything Everywhere All at Once.
The film, where Yeh plays a struggling laundrmat(洗衣店) wner wh ends up saving the multiverse(多元宇宙), swept the Oscars with a ttal f seven awards, including fr best picture and best directr, making it the biggest winner f the night.
“Fr all the little bys and girls wh lk like me watching tnight, this is a beacn f hpe and pssibilities,” the actress said in her acceptance speech in Ls Angeles, t emphasize that ne must dream big as dreams d cme true.
The actress als used her speech t hnr her 84-year-ld mther, Janet Yeh. “I have t dedicate this t my mm and all the mms in the wrld because they are really the superheres, and withut them nne f us wuld be here tnight,” she said.
After taking ff in kung fu cinema in Hng Kng, Yeh first appeared in Hllywd in the 1997 James Bnd mvie Tmrrw Never Dies. She gained internatinal recgnitin fr her rle as a swrds-wman in Ang Lee’s famus film, Cruching Tiger, Hidden Dragn, which wn three Oscars in 2001.
Yeh has been heavily in demand since her rle as a cntrlling matriarch(女家长) in Crazy Rich Asians(2018). She has becme ne f the mst influential stars f Chinese descent(血统) glbally, said Shen Dan, a senir critic f the Beijing Internatinal Film Festival.
“Everything Everywhere All at Once seems t be specifically crafted fr Yeh because the mvie reflects her decades-lng effrts t raise the cultural significance f Asian-themed films wrldwide,” Shen added.
4、What can we learn abut Yeh?
A.She wrked at a laundrmat years ag.
B.She is remarkable in the latest cmedy mvie.
C.She rse t fame first in Malaysia film industry.
D.She is the first Chinese wman t win an Oscar.
5、Which f the fllwing can best describe Yeh?
A.Inspiring and grateful.B.Prductive and generus.
C.Ambitius and creative.D.Curageus and enthusiastic.
6、What made Yeh have mre access t the screen?
A.The recmmendatin f Ang Lee.
B.Her mther’s cntinuus encuragement.
C.Her rle in the mvie Crazy Rich Asians.
D.Her years f accumulated learning experience.
7、What des the authr want t cnvey thrugh the text?
A.Art is lng and life is shrt.
B.Cming events cast their shadws befre.
C.Everybdy’s business is nbdy’s business.
D.The flwer f dreams will eventually blm.
Greenhuse gas emissins frm the way humans prduce and cnsume fd culd add nearly 1 degree f warming t the Earth’s climate by 2100, accrding t a new study.
Cntinuing the dietary patterns f tday will push the planet past the 1.5 degrees Celsius limit f warming sught under the Paris climate agreement t avid the wrst effects f climate change, accrding t the study published Mnday in Nature Climate Change.
The study fund that the majrity f greenhuse gas emissins cme frm three majr surces: meat frm animals like cws and sheep, dairy and rice. Thse three surces accunt fr at least 19 percent each f fd’s cntributin t a warming planet, accrding t the study, with meat cntributing the mst, at 33 percent.
All emit(散发) large amunts f methane(甲烷), a ptent(强有力的) greenhuse gas with mre than 80 times the warming pwer f carbn dixide, in the way they are currently farmed. The researchers calculated that methane will accunt fr 75 percent f fd’s share f warming by 2030, with carbn dixide and nitrus xide accunting fr mst f the rest.
The study’s lead authr, Catherine C. Ivanvich, a climate scientist at Clumbia University and clleagues calculated the three majr gases prduced by each type f fd ver its lifetime based n current cnsumptin patterns. They scaled the annual emissins ver time by gas based n five different ppulatin prjectins. And then they used a climate mdel frequently used by the United Natins’ panel n climate change t simulate the effects f thse emissins n surface air temperature change.
The study als ffered sme ways t change glbal fd prductin and cnsumptin that culd limit warming.
“But reducing methane may be the mst imprtant gal f all. Althugh methane is far mre ptent than carbn, it is als much shrter-lived meaning cuts in methane emissins can have a quick benefit,” Ivanvich said.
8、What can we learn abut the study?
A.Meat frm sme raised animals emits quantities f methane.
B.Current dietary patterns have n impact n the climate change.
C.Carbn dixide and nitrus xid are very cmmn in ur daily life.
D.Only methane shuld be blamed fr its cntributin t glbal warming.
9、Hw is Paragraph 4 mainly develped?
A.By asking questins.B.By analyzing causes.
C.By giving reasns.D.By listing statistics.
10、What is Paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A.Wh initiated the study.B.Hw the study was cnducted.
C.Why the study was designed.D.Where the study was carried ut.
11、Where is the passage prbably frm?
A.A desk diary.B.A travel website.
C.A science magazine.D.An academic paper.
Next time yu’re having truble slving a tricky puzzle, cnsider asking a nearby bumblebee.
A new study in the jurnal PLOS Bilgy finds that these humble insects can actually learn t slve puzzles frm ne anther, suggesting that even sme invertebrates (无脊椎动物) like these scial insects have a capacity fr what we humans call “culture.”
“These creatures are really quite incredible. They’re really gd at learning despite having these tiny brains,” says Alice Bridges, a behaviral eclgist at Anglia Ruskin University in England.
“In the past cuple f decades, a grwing bdy f evidence has shwn that animals like chimps and birds shw evidence f culture, by which we really mean just that animals learn frm each ther.” says Andy Whiten, a cgnitive ethlgist (认知动物行为学家) wh studies wild animal minds at the University f St Andrews in Sctland.
“Nbdy’s really thught t lk at it in invertebrates befre,” says Bridges. She set ut t prve them wrng. “Basically, I built it ut f Petri dishes,” she says. The base f the Petri dish held the reward: a drp f super sweet sugar water. Bridges cut a small hle in the lid “t frm a rtating (旋转) tp that can be spun by pushing either n this red tab clckwise (顺时针) r the blue tab anti-clckwise.”
She trained sme bees t head-butt the red tab t get the sugar water and trained thers t push the blue tab. Then, Bridges placed these tutr bees inside different clnies, alng with the puzzle bxes.
The experiment shwed that in clnies where the tutr bee had riginally learned t push the red tab, the ther bees in the clny usually pushed the red tab. In clnies where the tutr bee was trained t push the blue tab, their fellw bees tended t d the same.
“We fund that the behavirs spread amng the clnies,” she says, “They cpied the behavir f demnstratrs even when ccasinally they discvered that they culd d the alternative.”
12、What is the purpse f Paragraph 1?
A.T make a predictin.B.T intrduce the tpic.
C.T give an example.D.T prvide backgrund infrmatin.
13、What can we learn frm Bridges’s wrds?
A.Different clnies like different clrs.
B.Culture is made up f multiple traditins.
C.Bumblebees are t humble t learn smething new.
D.N previus studies fcus n the culture in invertebrates.
14、What des the underlined wrd “demnstratrs” in the last paragraph refer t?
A.Tutr bees.B.Puzzle bxes.
C.Different clnies.D.Chimps and birds.
15、Which can be the best title fr the text?
A.Invertebrates Are the Smartest in the Wrld
B.A Behaviral Eclgist Has Made a Successful Experiment
C.Animals like Bumblebees Can Transmit Certain Behavirs Culturally
D.Insect Culture Lks Rather Different frm That Seen amng Humans
二、七选五
16、 Even if yu dn’t have a large area in yur yard, yu can still make a beautiful garden that maximizes the space yu have. Befre yu begin digging r planting, make sure yu have a detailed plan abut where yur garden is and the plants yu want t include. ①_____
Opt fr an area that gets 6-8 hurs f sun daily.
Since mst flwering plants and vegetables require much sun, pt fr the sunniest area in yur yard t place yur garden. ②_____ If the area yu have t chse desn’t get a lt f light during the day, yu may still be able t grw plants that thrive in the shade.
Pick a spt that’s clse t a water surce.
Try t find an area that either has a natural water surce r sits clse t yur utdr hse attachment. ③_____ If yu aren’t able t place yur garden directly by a water surce, make sure it’s as clse as pssible. Yu can als try building an artificial pnd r water feature if yu want t help keep the sil hydrated.
④_____
Lk fr a place in yur yard where yu can see yur garden frm a windw r a spt in yur yard s yu’re able t enjy it. Make sure yu can walk int yur garden with ease t make it easier t take care f yur plants. Avid placing it anywhere that’s difficult t get t, r else it may becme mre f a hassle.
Measure the space yu have available fr yur garden.
Stretch a measuring tape acrss the length f the area, and recrd the measurement n a piece f paper. ⑤_____ Duble-check yur measurements t make sure they’re accurate s yu can plan the space efficiently. Typically, plts grw best in rectangular areas, but yu can make yur garden a different shape, such as a triangle r circle, if it fits the space better.
A.Then take the measurement fr the width f the area.
B.Select varieties f small plants t maximize the space.
C.Chse a place where yu can easily access yur garden.
D.If it feels dry, use a watering can t water the sil until it’s wet enugh.
E.Here are sme tips t help yu chse the best lcatin f yur garden.
F.Thus, yu can easily make the sil stay mist and make it less likely t dry ut.
G.Plants that dn’t receive enugh light wn’t prduce many blms r grw well.
三、完形填空（15空）
Living in Mexic, I struggled with the language. The kids in ur 1 called me “The American Lady.” One day, as I was 2 utside in the small garden, tw little bys ran up t my gate, “Lady, lady, blah blah blah.” That’s what I understd, but their gesture made me want t find ut what was s 3 . I walked dwn the street with them.
At the crner, I 4 a pile f garbage with a small dg n tp. The pr little animal smelled 5 . I didn’t knw hw lng she’d been there, but I 6 she needed water.
I ran hme t get water and a little fd, Ted asked what was up, and I 7 what I had fund. He returned with me, carrying a cat cage. I put dwn the water and a small cup with the fd. The puppy lked at the fd but didn’t make any effrt t eat r drink. Ted said we needed t get her t the 8 as sn as pssible. We put the puppy int the cage and 9 set ut. As we were shwn int the exam rm, I tk her ut f the 10 and put her n the metal table. The puppy lked up at me and then, with all her 11 , pulled herself ver t me and 12 her head n my stmach. That was it. This was my puppy.
What 13 me was the puppy was prbably fur mnths ld, and we were in ur late seventies. I dn’t think ld peple shuld adpt yung animals. I had seen t many cases f trying t find hmes if the wners 14 , but all that reasning flew ut f the windw when that puppy laid her head n my stmach. She had chsen me, and I wuldn’t 15 her.
17、A.cityB.hspitalC.neighbrhdD.schl
18、A.wrkingB.strugglingC.marchingD.hiking
19、A.fundamentalB.urgentC.dramaticD.cmplicated
20、A.classifiedB.threwC.pickedD.sptted
21、A.awfulB.fragrantC.marvelusD.sur
22、A.guardedB.warnedC.cncludedD.ignred
23、A.assumedB.displayedC.whisperedD.explained
24、A.shelterB.vetC.expertD.bank
25、A.initiallyB.hesitantlyC.immediatelyD.cmpletely
26、A.cageB.bxC.trunkD.seat
27、A.emtinB.strengthC.memryD.actin
28、A.transfrmedB.shkC.bwedD.placed
29、A.btheredB.failedC.claimedD.amused
30、A.left ffB.tested utC.tk flightD.passed away
31、A.carryB.abandnC.exchangeD.pssess
四、短文填空
32、 The traditinal Chinese slar calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms.
The 24 slar terms are determined by changes in the ①_____(sun) psitin in the zdiac(黄道带) during the year. They ②_____ (use) first in China and nw are fllwed in many ther parts f the wrld. In China, the 24 slar terms were created thusands f years ag ③_____ (guide) agricultural prductin. They als reflect China’s rich histry thrugh the seasnal festivals, special fds, cultural ceremnies, family gatherings and even healthy living tips ④_____ crrespnd with each slar term.
Rain Water this year started n Feb 19 and ended n Mar 5. Rain Water signals the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With ⑤_____ (it) arrival, lively spring—like scenery starts blssming: the river water defreezes, wild geese mve frm suth t nrth, and trees and grass turn green again.
Rain Water is the ⑥_____ (gd) time f the year t cnsume fresh bamb shts. It is said ne can nly knw the taste f spring after ⑦_____ (feast) n the bamb shts. The cking f bamb shts in China dates back t ver 2,000 years ag, accrding t the Bk f Sngs.
As the ld Chinese saying ges, ⑧_____ rainfall in spring is as precius as il. In nrthern China, the spring drught is cmmn and the precipitatin (降水) f this seasn accunts ⑨_____ nly 10 t 15 percent f annual average rainfall. ⑩_____ (cnsequent), Rain Water is cnsidered as a key perid fr irrigatin when the day gets warmer and rainfall increases.
五、书面表达
33、假定你是李华，第31届世界大学生夏季运动会(Wrld University Games)即将在成都举办，你得知正在招募一批英语较好的志愿者，请用英语给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括：写信目的；个人优势。
注意：1.写作词数 80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir r Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I never had the privilege f meeting my grandmther n my mther’s side. S hw is it pssible that a memry f her lingers(继续存留) in my mind? Maybe it’s the cnstant mentin f her name r the pictures I’ve seen. Or maybe it’s the sweet dessert, Annie Belle’s Famus Pund Cake, that created a bridge cnnecting me t my grandmther.
I remember waking up t my mther baking her mther’s famus pund cake. The pleasant smell f buttery wuld fill the huse. I wuld pp up as if my alarm had gne ff and make my way dwn the stairs and int the kitchen where all the magic was happening. My mther wuld pp the beaters ut f the mixer and hand ne t me cated with the perfect amunt f the batter(面糊). Immediately my heart was full as I licked the beater clean with n trace f batter remaining.
This pund cake had an extrardinary reputatin and rders began rushing in. My mther wuld make hundreds f cakes and I was always there, waiting fr my favrite and mst imprtant jb. Each time I felt a clseness, like the arms f a grandmther bringing yu in clse and hlding yu until yu lst track f time.
My mther didn’t keep this recipe a secret and althugh thers tried t imitate this wrk f art, they always fund that smething was missing. Nbdy culd make it exactly hw my mther and grandmther culd. Every step and each ingredient was listed in a church ckbk, but the utcme was perfect nly when my mther was in the kitchen. I wndered if this had anything t d with the special pan my grandmther used and passed dwn t my mther—r was it deeper than that?
I knew ne day I wuld have t attempt t bake this famus pund cake. But what if I failed? What if, like all the thers wh tried, I didn’t have what it takes t successfully make this family recipe? If yu fail, wh cares? Just keep trying. If it desn’t cme ut perfect, it’s still a cake!
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I purchased all the ingredients and prepared everything the night befre.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With the help f my mther, I baked my first pund cake!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由本文Fun Spt America: Orland, Flrida部分中的关键句This theme park ffers a batlad f rides and attractins fr much lwer prices than at nearby parks, including smaller rller casters, drp rides, spin rides and a Ferris wheel.(这个主题公园提供了大量的游乐设施和景点,价格比附近的公园低得多,包括小型过山车、落差过山车、旋转过山车和摩天轮。)可知,Fun Spt America Orland对游客来说是比较节约的选择。故选D。
2、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由本文Six Flags Magic Muntain: Valencia, Califrnia部分中的关键句The Wnder Wman Flight f Curage became the wrld's tallest and lngest single-rail caster when it pened t park guests in summer 2022.(The Wnder Wman Flight f Curage于2022年夏天向公园游客开放,成为世界上最高、最长的单轨过山车。)可知,The Wnder Wman Flight f Curage有世界一流的娱乐设施。故选B。
3、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由本文SeaWrld San Dieg: San Dieg, Califrnia部分中的关键句SeaWrld San Dieg is pen year rund.(圣地亚哥海洋世界全年开放。)和Silver Dllar City: Bransn, Missuri部分中的关键句Silver Dllar City is pen thrughut the year, while the water park nly pens seasnally frm late May t early September.(银元城全年开放,而水上乐园仅在5月底至9月初季节性开放。)可知,两个主题公园都是一年四季向公众开放。故选C。
4、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段The Malaysian-brn actress tk hme the celebrated award fr her extrardinary perfrmance in the multiversal cmedy Everything Everywhere All at Once.(这位马来西亚出生的女演员凭借在多元宇宙喜剧《瞬息全宇宙》中的出色表演获得了这个著名的奖项。)可知,杨紫琼在《瞬息全宇宙》这部喜剧电影中表演出色。故选B。
5、答案：A
解析：观点态度题。根据文章第四段Fr all the little bys and girls wh lk like me watching tnight, this is a beacn f hpe and pssibilities,(对于所有像我一样观看今晚比赛的小男孩和小女孩来说,这是一座希望和可能性的灯塔。)可推断,她的成功是鼓舞人心的;根据第五段"I have t dedicate this t my mm and all the mms in the wrld because they are really the superheres, and withut them nne f us wuld be here tnight," she said.(她说:"我要把这个奖献给我的妈妈和世界上所有的妈妈,因为她们真的是超级英雄,没有她们,我们今晚就不会站在这里。")可推断,她是感恩的。A.Inspiring and grateful.鼓舞人心且心怀感激的;B.Prductive and generus.富有成效且慷慨大方的;C.Ambitius and creative.雄心勃勃且富有创意的;D.Curageus and enthusiastic.勇敢而热情的。故选A。
6、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第七段Yeh has been heavily in demand since her rle as a cntrlling matriarch(女家长) in Crazy Rich Asians(2018).(自从杨紫琼在《摘金奇缘》(2018)中饰演一位控制欲极强的女家长以来,她一直很受欢迎。)可知,在《摘金奇缘》中的角色让杨紫琼更加受欢迎,有更多接触银幕的机会。故选C。
7、答案：D
解析：目的意图题。根据第一段Michelle Yeh, a famus name in Chinese cinema, made histry n Sunday night by becming the first Asian wman t win the Academy Award fr best actress.(周日晚,中国电影界的知名人物杨紫琼成为首位获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖的亚洲女性,创造了历史。)可推断,文章通过讲述杨紫琼的演艺经历和获得奥斯卡最佳女演员的事情来传达"梦想之花终究会绽放"的哲理。故选D。
8、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段The study fund that the majrity f greenhuse gas emissins cme frm three majr surces: meat frm animals like cws and sheep, dairy and rice.(该研究发现,大部分温室气体排放来自三个主要来源:牛羊等动物的肉类、乳制品和大米。)和第四段All emit(散发) large amunts f methane(甲烷), a ptent(强有力的) greenhuse gas with mre than 80 times the warming pwer f carbn dixide, in the way they are currently farmed.(它们都排放大量的甲烷,这是一种强效的温室气体,其温室效应是二氧化碳的80倍以上。)可知,一些饲养动物的肉会产生大量甲烷。故选A。
9、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段All emit(散发) large amunts f methane(甲烷), a ptent(强有力的) greenhuse gas with mre than 80 times the warming pwer f carbn dixide, in the way they are currently farmed. The researchers calculated that methane will accunt fr 75 percent f fd's share f warming by 2030, with carbn dixide and nitrus xide accunting fr mst f the rest.(它们都排放大量的甲烷,这是一种强效的温室气体,其温室效应是二氧化碳的80倍以上。研究人员计算出,到2030年,甲烷将占食物变暖的75%,二氧化碳和一氧化二氮占其余的大部分。)可知,本段主要通过列数字来说明甲烷是全球变暖的重要因素。故选D。
10、答案：B
解析：段落大意题。根据文章第五段The study’s lead authr, Catherine C. Ivanvich, a climate scientist at Clumbia University and clleagues calculated the three majr gases prduced by each type f fd ver its lifetime based n current cnsumptin patterns. They scaled the annual emissins ver time by gas based n five different ppulatin prjectins. And then they used a climate mdel frequently used by the United Natins’ panel n climate change t simulate the effects f thse emissins n surface air temperature change.(该研究的主要作者、哥伦比亚大学的气候科学家凯瑟琳·C·伊万诺维奇及其同事根据当前的消费模式计算了每种食物在其一生中产生的三种主要气体。他们根据五种不同的人口预测,按时间计算了天然气的年排放量。然后,他们使用了联合国气候变化专门委员会经常使用的气候模型来模拟这些排放对地表气温变化的影响。)可知,本段主要在描述研究是如何进行的。故选B。
11、答案：C
解析：文章出处题。根据全文可知,文章介绍了人类生产和消耗食物的方式影响气候变化的相关研究,可能来自一本科学杂志。故选C。
12、答案：B
解析：目的意图题。根据第一段Next time yu're having truble slving a tricky puzzle, cnsider asking a nearby bumblebee.(下次当你在解决一个棘手的难题时,可以考虑问一下附近的大黄蜂)以及第二段A new study in the jurnal PLOS Bilgy finds that these humble insects can actually learn t slve puzzles frm ne anther, suggesting that even sme invertebrates (无脊椎动物) like these scial insects have a capacity fr what we humans call "culture."(发表在《公共科学图书馆·生物学》杂志上的一项新研究发现,这些不起眼的昆虫实际上可以相互学习解决难题,这表明即使是一些无脊椎动物,比如这些群居昆虫,也有我们人类所谓的“文化”能力)可推知,第1段的目的是引入文章话题。A.T make a predictin.做一个预测;B.T intrduce the tpic.来引入话题;C.T give an example.举个例子;D.T prvide backgrund infrmatin.提供背景信息。故选B。
13、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段Nbdy's really thught t lk at it in invertebrates befre(以前没有人想过在无脊椎动物身上观察它)可知,以前没有关于无脊椎动物培养的研究。故选D。
14、答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段The experiment shwed that in clnies where the tutr bee had riginally learned t push the red tab, the ther bees in the clny usually pushed the red tab. In clnies where the tutr bee was trained t push the blue tab, their fellw bees tended t d the same.(实验表明,在导师蜜蜂最初学会推红色标签的群体中,群体中的其他蜜蜂通常会推红色标签。在导师蜜蜂被训练去推蓝色标签的群体中,它们的同伴也倾向于这样做)以及最后一段We fund that the behavirs spread amng the clnies(我们发现这种行为在峰群中传播开来)可知,蜜蜂会模仿导师蜜蜂的行为,故画线词指的是"导师蜜蜂"。A.Tutr bees.导师蜜蜂;B.Puzzle bxes.拼图盒子;C.Different clnies.不同的殖民地;D.Chimps and birds.黑猩猩和鸟类。故选A。
15、答案：C
解析：标题归纳题。根据第二段A new study in the jurnal PLOS Bilgy finds that these humble insects can actually learn t slve puzzles frm ne anther, suggesting that even sme invertebrates (无脊椎动物) like these scial insects have a capacity fr what we humans call "culture."(发表在《公共科学图书馆·生物学》杂志上的一项新研究发现,这些不起眼的昆虫实际上可以相互学习解决难题,这表明即使是一些无脊椎动物,比如这些群居昆虫,也有我们人类所谓的“文化”能力)结合文章介绍了像大黄蜂这样的无脊椎动物存在传递某种行为的现象。可知,C选项“像大黄蜂这样的动物可以在文化上传播某些行为”最符合文章标题。故选C。
16、答案：EGFCA
解析：①推理判断题。根据前文Befre yu begin digging r planting, make sure yu have a detailed plan abut where yur garden is and the plants yu want t include(在你开始挖掘或种植之前,确保你有一个详细的计划,说明你的花园在哪里,以及你想种植的植物),以及后文介绍的技巧,可知表示"这里有一些技巧可以帮助你选择花园的最佳位置"的选项E可以起到承上启下的作用,sme tips是关键词,故选E。
②推理判断题。根据前文Since mst flwering plants and vegetables require much sun, pt fr the sunniest area in yur yard t place yur garden(由于大多数开花植物和蔬菜都需要充足的阳光,所以选择院子里阳光最充足的地方来放置花园),可知表示"光照不足的植物:光照不会开出很多花朵,也不会长得很好"的选项G可以承接上文,说明光照不足对植物产生的影响,故选G。
③推理判断题。根据前文Try t find an area that either has a natural water surce r sits clse t yur utdr hse attachment(试着找一个有天然水源或靠近户外软管附件的区域),可知表示"因此,你可以很容易地使土壤保持湿润,使其不太可能干燥"的选项F可以承接上文,介绍距离水源近的好处,故选F。
④主题判断题。根据后文Lk fr a place in yur yard where yu can see yur garden frm a windw r a spt in yur yard s yu're able t enjy it. Make sure yu can walk int yur garden with ease t make it easier t take care f yur plants. Avid placing it anywhere that's difficult t get t, r else it may becme mre f a hassle(在你的院子里找一个地方,在那里你可以从窗户或院子里的一个地方看到你的花园,这样你就可以享受它。确保你可以轻松地走进花园,让你更容易地照顾你的植物。避免把它放在难以到达的地方,否则可能会变得更麻烦),可知表示"选择一个可以方便进入花园的地方"的选项C可以作为本段的主题​—距离花园要近,故选C。
⑤推理判断题。根据前文Stretch a measuring tape acrss the length f the area, and recrd the measurement n a piece f paper(将一根卷尺在该区域的长度上拉伸,并将测量结果记录在一张纸上),可知表示"然后测量该区域的宽度"的选项A可以承接上文长度的测量,说明宽度的测量,故选A。
17、答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.city城市;B.hspital医院;C.neighbrhd邻居,街区;D.schl学校。句意:邻居的孩子们都叫我"美国小姐"。根据下文"tw little bys ran up t my gate,"可知,作者所在小区的孩子们把作者称为"美国太太"。故选C。
18、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.wrking工作;B.struggling努力;C.marching行进;D.hiking远足。句意:一天,当我正在外面的小花园里干活时,两个小男孩跑到我家门口, "女士,女士,等等等等。"根据下文"utside in the small garden,"可知,作者正在花园里干活,此时两个小男孩跑了过来。故选A。
19、答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.fundamental基本的;B.urgent紧急的;C.dramatic戏剧性的;D.cmplicated复杂难懂的。句意:这就是我所理解的,但他们的手势让我想知道是什么如此紧急。根据下文"I walked dwn the street with them."可知,作者从两个小孩的手势能感觉到有什么紧急的事,让作者去一探究竟。故选B。
20、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.classifed分类;B.threw扔;C.picked捡;D.sptted发现。句意:在拐角处,我发现了一堆垃圾,上面有一只小狗。根据下文"a pile f garbage with a small dg n tp."可知,作者在一堆垃圾上面发现一条小狗。故选D。
21、答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.awful糟糕的,难闻的;B.fragrant芬香的;C.marvelus令人惊异的;D.sur酸的。句意:这可怜的小动物身上散发着难闻的气味。根据上文"a pile f garbage"可知,小狗在垃圾上面,味道很难闻。故选A。
22、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.guarded守卫;B.warned警告;C.cncluded推断出;D.ignred忽略。句意:我不知道她在那里待了多久,但我断定她需要水。根据下文"I didn't knw hw lng she'd been there,"可知,作者不知道她在那里待了多久,但是能断定她需要喝水。故选C。
23、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.assumed假定;B.displayed显示;C.whispered低语;D.explained解释。句意:我跑回家去拿水和一些食物,泰德问我怎么了,我解释了我的发现。根据上文"Ted asked what was up,"可知,作者向Ted解释所发现的事情。故选D。
24、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.shelter避难所;B.vet兽医;C.expert专家;D.bank银行。句意:泰德说我们得尽快带她去看兽医。根据下文"As we were shwn int the exam rm,"可知,泰德建议尽快带她去看兽医。故选B。
25、答案：C
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.initially最初;B.hesitantly犹豫地;C.immediately立即;D.cmpletely完全地。句意:我们把小狗放进笼子里,立刻出发了。根据上文"Ted said we needed t get her t the 8 as sn as pssible."可知,作者和泰德立刻出发了。故选C。
26、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.cage笼子;B.bx盒子;C.trunk树干;D.seat座位。句意:当我们被带进检查室时,我把她从笼子里拿出来,放在金属桌子上。根据上文"We put the puppy int the cage"和"and put her n the metal table."可知,作者把小狗从笼子里抱出来然后放到桌子上进行检查。故选A。
27、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.emtin情感;B.strength力气;C.memry记忆;D.actin行为。句意:小狗抬头看了看我,然后用尽全身力气把自己拉到我身边,把头靠在我的肚子上。根据下文"pulled herself ver t me"可知,此时小狗用尽全力靠近作者。故选B。
28、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.transfrmed 改变;B.shk摇晃;C.bwed鞠躬;D.placed放置。句意:小狗抬头看了看我,然后用尽全身力气把自己拉到我身边,把头靠在我的肚子上。根据下文"But all that reasning flew ut f the windw when that puppy laid her head n my stmach."可知,小狗把头放在作者的肚子上。故选D。
29、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.bthered困扰;B.failed失败;C.claimed宣称;D.amused娱乐。句意:让我烦恼的是那只小狗大概只有四个月大,而我们都快70岁了。根据下文"and we were in ur late seventies. I dn't think ld peple shuld adpt yung animals."可知,作者夫妻二人已经七十多岁,不适合养小狗。小狗只有四个月大,这让作者很困扰。故选A。
30、答案：D
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.left ff中断;B.tested ut彻底检验;C.tk flight逃走;D.passed away去世。句意:我见过太多在主人去世后试图寻找新家的案例,但当那只小狗把头靠在我的肚子上时,所有的推理都烟消云散了。根据上文"I dn't think ld peple shuld adpt yung animals."可知,作者见过很多主人去世,养的宠物需要寻找家的情况。故选D。
31、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.carry携带;B.abandn抛弃;C.exchange交换;D.pssess拥有。句意:她选择了我,我不会抛弃她。根据上文"That was it. This was my puppy."可知,作者认定这就是她的,就是她的小狗了。故选B。
32、答案：①sun’s②were used③t guide④that/which⑤its⑥best⑦feasting⑧the⑨fr⑩Cnsequently
解析：①考查名词所有格。句意:二十四节气是由一年中太阳在黄道带上位置的变化决定的。此处用名词所有格作定语修饰后面的名词psitin,指太阳的位置,表所属关系,所以用名词所有格。故填sun's。
②考查动词时态语态。句意:它们首先在中国使用,现在世界上许多其他地方都在使用。first in China提示此句用一般过去时。主语They与use之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填were used。
③考查动词不定式。句意:在中国,24节气是几千年前为指导农业生产而创造的。分析句子可知此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故填t guide。
④考查定语从句。句意:它们还通过与每个节气相对应的季节性节日、特色食品、文化仪式、家庭聚会甚至健康生活提示来反映中国丰富的历史。tips是先行词,定语从句中缺少主语,所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
⑤考查形容词性物主代词。句意:随着它的到来,生机勃勃的春景开始绽放:河水解冻,大雁从南方迁徙到北方,树木和草地又变绿了。arrival是名词,应用形容词性物主代词放在名词前面。故填its。
⑥考查形容词最高级。句意:雨水时节是一年中食用新鲜竹笋的最佳时节。前面有定冠词,后面有表示范围的词f the year,表示"最好的时节",用形容词最高级形式作定语。故填best。
⑦考查动名词。句意:据说只有吃过竹笋才能知道春天的味道。after是介词,后面应用动名词,feast n表示"尽情享用"。故填feasting。
⑧考查冠词。句意:中国有句古话,春雨贵如油。后面有介词短语in spring作定语,此处特指"春天的降雨",用定冠词the。故填the。
⑨考查介词。句意:在中国北方,春季干旱是常见的,这个季节的降水量只占年平均降雨量的10%到15%。accunt fr 表示"比例上占……"为固定搭配。故填fr。
⑩考查副词。句意:因此,雨水被认为是灌溉的关键时期,此时天气变暖,降雨量增加。此处为副词修饰整个句子。句首单词首字母大写。故填Cnsequently。
33、答案：
Dear Sir r Madam,
I am Li Hua, a high schl student. I’m writing this letter t apply t be a vlunteer fr the Wrld University Games t be held in Chengdu.
First f all, I have a gd cmmand f English s that I cmmunicate fluently with freigners. Als, I am easy-ging and always ready t help thers. Mst imprtantly, my experience as a vlunteer qualifies me fr the psitin.
I wuld appreciate it very much if yu culd accept me. Thank yu fr reading this letter. Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
34、答案：
I purchased all the ingredients and prepared everything the night befre. The mrning came and I wke up, extremely excited. I ran int the kitchen and reached int the cabinet t take ut that cake pan, the third generatin t use it. My mther knew I was nervus s she guided me via vide chat. Whether it was as simple as gradually adding the sugar r sifting the flur, my mther taught me. As she smiled and watched me d what she did fr s many years, I culdn’t help but picture that bridge again.
With the help f my mther, I baked my first pund cake! A pund cake that tasted identical t the ne that ran thrugh my bld fr generatins. Instead f the little girl running dwn the stairs t taste the cake batter, I was nw the ne in the kitchen. Using the same cake pan that my grandmther used t bake her cakes, I finished my perfect replica f ur family recipe. I swear fr the first time I heard my grandmther’s vice. She whispered, “Nw yu are the carrier f this family traditin.”