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高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature课后作业题
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这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature课后作业题，共5页。试卷主要包含了单词拼写，首字母填空，选词填空，阅读理解，短文填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、单词拼写
1、A _______ (特征)f this animal is its ability t live fr a lng time withut water.
2、The number f trees larger than tw feet acrss has _______ (减少) by 50 percent n mre than 46,000 square miles f Califrnia frests, the new study finds.
3、She says the intrductin f the plants and animals nt _______ (源于)t Hawaii is the main reasn fr the extinctin.
二、首字母填空
4、In the Xia Dynasty, China had gradually entered the slave sciety frm the p_______ sciety.
5、Yu shuld nt b_______ thers fr what is yur wn fault.
三、选词填空
6、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
carry ut; by cntrast; in particular; serve as; fight ff;in the end
1.Since the beginning f the 19th century, America has had truble with envirnmental prblems, air pllutin _______.
2.A gd diet and fit bdy will help yu t _______ illness and disease—and t recver mre quickly if yu d becme sick.
3.China has achieved remarkable results in fighting the new pandemic. _______, sme cuntries have dne a pr jb.
4.She didn't think that he was well enugh t _______ such a difficult task.
5.His research can _______ valuable reference fr the UN t cntrl the spread f EBOLA, a deadly virus.
6. _______, the attempt failed, but the reverberatins still can be felt tday.
四、阅读理解
When a leafy plant is under attack, it desn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, tw scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reprted that yung maple trees getting bitten by insects send ut a particular smell that neighbring plants can get. These chemicals cme frm the injured parts f the plant and seem t be an alarm. What the plants pump thrugh the air is a mixture f chemicals knwn as vlatile rganic cmpunds, VOCs fr shrt.
Scientists have fund that all kinds f plants give ut VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way f crying ut. But is anyne listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighburs react.
Sme plants pump ut smelly chemicals t keep insects away. But thers d duble duty. They pump ut perfumes designed t attract different insects wh are natural enemies t the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker wh was lunching nw becmes lunch.
In study after study, it appears that these chemical cnversatins help the neighbrs .The damage is usually mre serius n the first plant, but the neighbrs, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what t d.
Des this mean that plants talk t each ther? Scientists dn’t knw. Maybe the first plant just made a cry f pain r was sending a message t its wn branches, and s, in effect, was talking t itself. Perhaps the neighbrs just happened t “verhear” the cry. S infrmatin was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentinal back and frth. Charles Darwin, ver 150 years ag, imagined a wrld far busier, nisier and mre intimate(亲密的) than the wrld we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whle lt ging n.
7、What des a plant d when it is under attack?
A. It makes nises.B. It gets help frm ther plants.
C. It stands quietlyD. It sends ut certain chemicals.
8、What des the authr mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?
A. The attackers get attacked.
B. The insects gather under the table.
C. The plants get ready t fight back.
D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
9、Scientists find frm their studies that plants can ________.
A. predict natural disasters
B. prtect themselves against insects
C. talk t ne anther intentinally
D. help their neighbrs when necessary
10、What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. The wrld is changing faster than ever.
B. Peple have strnger senses than befre
C. The wrld is mre cmplex than it seems
D. Peple in Darwin’s time were imaginative.
五、短文填空
11、Sme ppular places t visit are built by peple. Other famus places are the① ____ (create) f nature. In the nrtheast f the US, there was a famus rck n a high muntain ②____ lked just like an ld man. ③____ (lcate) in the twn f Francnia, New Hampshire, he had thick hair, a big nse and a beard. Peple called him The Old Man f the Muntain ④____ every year mre than a millin peple came t visit him. The Old Man f the Muntain, als knwn ⑤____ the Great Stne Face, measured 40 ⑥____ (ft) tall. Scientists think that the stne face had been there fr abut 17, 000 years.
In May 2003, there were very high winds and the temperature was very cld near The Old Man f the Muntain. The sky was s ⑦____ (clud) that peple culdn't see the stne face fr many days. As sn as the strm was ver, peple lked fr The Old Man but they culdn't see him. They discvered that he ⑧____ (fall) apart. A number f scientists climbed up, ⑨____ (hpe) t repair the stne face. They were disappinted at ⑩____ they saw—the damage frm the weather was just t bad.
参考答案
1、答案：characteristic
解析：结合题意及汉语提示，想到已学单词characteristic,可数名词，特征，特色，前有a(一个，一种）修饰，故需要用名词单数形式，故答案为: characteristic.
2、答案：declined
解析：根据汉语提示可知，此处使用动词decline；根据句中finds可知，此句应该是陈述一个动作始于过去、截至目前的事实，故空处谓动用现在完成时has+动词过去分词。故填：declined。
3、答案：native
解析：句意：她说，引入的植物和动物不是原产于夏威夷的主要原因是灭绝。根据句意及汉语提示，native t：原产于，固定配搭，故填native。
4、答案：primitive
解析：句意：夏朝，中国从原始社会逐步进入奴隶社会。根据句意结合首字母，考虑primitive"原始的"，形容词，在句子中作定语，修饰名词sciety。故填：primitive。
5、答案：blame
解析：根据句意和所给提示词，可知此处要表达“责怪”这一含义，因为前面有情态动词shuld，所以此处用动词原形，故答案为“blame”。
6、答案：1.in particular 2.fight ff 3.By cntrast 4.carry ut5.serve as 6.In the end
7、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的reprted that yung maple trees getting bitten by insects send ut a particular smell that neighburing plants can get. These chemicals cme frm the injured parts f the plant and seem t be an alarm.可知, 植物受到伤害时会散发出一种特殊的气味, 而这种特殊的气味就是某些化学物质。
8、答案：A
解析：句意理解题。根据第三段中的They pump ut perfumes designed t attract different insects wh are natural enemies t the attackers.以及画线部分后的The attacker wh was lunching nw becmes lunch.可知, 画线部分的意思是：袭击者受到了它的天敌的袭击。
9、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Sme plants pump ut smelly chemicals t keep insects away.和They pump ut perfumes designed t attract different insects wh are natural enemies t the attackers.可知, 植物能保护自己免受昆虫的伤害。
10、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知, 达尔文设想了一个远比现实世界更繁忙、更喧嚣和更亲密的世界, 而我们的感官却非常弱, 我们还有很长的路要走。由此可知, 世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂。
11、答案：creatin；that/which；Lcated；and；as；feet；cludy；had fallen；hping；what
解析：①空处所填单词前面有冠词修饰, 需用create的名词形式。
②空处引导定语从句, 修饰先行词rck, 且在从句中作主语, 故填that/which。
③be lcated in/n/at ...是固定搭配, 表示“(某地)位于……”, 这里是其过去分词短语作状语。
④前后两句之间意义上是并列关系, 用and连接。
⑤be knwn as 作为……而闻名, 为固定搭配。
⑥空处所填单词前面有大于1的数词修饰, 需用ft的复数形式。
⑦空处所填单词在句中作表语, 需用clud的形容词形式。
⑧从句谓语动词动作fall apart发生在主句谓语动词动作discvered之前, 也就是过去的过去, 应用过去完成时。
⑨空处是现在分词短语作状语, 分词动作hpe与逻辑主语scientists之间是主动关系。
⑩空处引导宾语从句, 且在从句中作saw的宾语, 故填what。
一、单词拼写
1、A _______ (特征)f this animal is its ability t live fr a lng time withut water.
2、The number f trees larger than tw feet acrss has _______ (减少) by 50 percent n mre than 46,000 square miles f Califrnia frests, the new study finds.
3、She says the intrductin f the plants and animals nt _______ (源于)t Hawaii is the main reasn fr the extinctin.
二、首字母填空
4、In the Xia Dynasty, China had gradually entered the slave sciety frm the p_______ sciety.
5、Yu shuld nt b_______ thers fr what is yur wn fault.
三、选词填空
6、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
carry ut; by cntrast; in particular; serve as; fight ff;in the end
1.Since the beginning f the 19th century, America has had truble with envirnmental prblems, air pllutin _______.
2.A gd diet and fit bdy will help yu t _______ illness and disease—and t recver mre quickly if yu d becme sick.
3.China has achieved remarkable results in fighting the new pandemic. _______, sme cuntries have dne a pr jb.
4.She didn't think that he was well enugh t _______ such a difficult task.
5.His research can _______ valuable reference fr the UN t cntrl the spread f EBOLA, a deadly virus.
6. _______, the attempt failed, but the reverberatins still can be felt tday.
四、阅读理解
When a leafy plant is under attack, it desn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, tw scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reprted that yung maple trees getting bitten by insects send ut a particular smell that neighbring plants can get. These chemicals cme frm the injured parts f the plant and seem t be an alarm. What the plants pump thrugh the air is a mixture f chemicals knwn as vlatile rganic cmpunds, VOCs fr shrt.
Scientists have fund that all kinds f plants give ut VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way f crying ut. But is anyne listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighburs react.
Sme plants pump ut smelly chemicals t keep insects away. But thers d duble duty. They pump ut perfumes designed t attract different insects wh are natural enemies t the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker wh was lunching nw becmes lunch.
In study after study, it appears that these chemical cnversatins help the neighbrs .The damage is usually mre serius n the first plant, but the neighbrs, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what t d.
Des this mean that plants talk t each ther? Scientists dn’t knw. Maybe the first plant just made a cry f pain r was sending a message t its wn branches, and s, in effect, was talking t itself. Perhaps the neighbrs just happened t “verhear” the cry. S infrmatin was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentinal back and frth. Charles Darwin, ver 150 years ag, imagined a wrld far busier, nisier and mre intimate(亲密的) than the wrld we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whle lt ging n.
7、What des a plant d when it is under attack?
A. It makes nises.B. It gets help frm ther plants.
C. It stands quietlyD. It sends ut certain chemicals.
8、What des the authr mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?
A. The attackers get attacked.
B. The insects gather under the table.
C. The plants get ready t fight back.
D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
9、Scientists find frm their studies that plants can ________.
A. predict natural disasters
B. prtect themselves against insects
C. talk t ne anther intentinally
D. help their neighbrs when necessary
10、What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. The wrld is changing faster than ever.
B. Peple have strnger senses than befre
C. The wrld is mre cmplex than it seems
D. Peple in Darwin’s time were imaginative.
五、短文填空
11、Sme ppular places t visit are built by peple. Other famus places are the① ____ (create) f nature. In the nrtheast f the US, there was a famus rck n a high muntain ②____ lked just like an ld man. ③____ (lcate) in the twn f Francnia, New Hampshire, he had thick hair, a big nse and a beard. Peple called him The Old Man f the Muntain ④____ every year mre than a millin peple came t visit him. The Old Man f the Muntain, als knwn ⑤____ the Great Stne Face, measured 40 ⑥____ (ft) tall. Scientists think that the stne face had been there fr abut 17, 000 years.
In May 2003, there were very high winds and the temperature was very cld near The Old Man f the Muntain. The sky was s ⑦____ (clud) that peple culdn't see the stne face fr many days. As sn as the strm was ver, peple lked fr The Old Man but they culdn't see him. They discvered that he ⑧____ (fall) apart. A number f scientists climbed up, ⑨____ (hpe) t repair the stne face. They were disappinted at ⑩____ they saw—the damage frm the weather was just t bad.
参考答案
1、答案：characteristic
解析：结合题意及汉语提示，想到已学单词characteristic,可数名词，特征，特色，前有a(一个，一种）修饰，故需要用名词单数形式，故答案为: characteristic.
2、答案：declined
解析：根据汉语提示可知，此处使用动词decline；根据句中finds可知，此句应该是陈述一个动作始于过去、截至目前的事实，故空处谓动用现在完成时has+动词过去分词。故填：declined。
3、答案：native
解析：句意：她说，引入的植物和动物不是原产于夏威夷的主要原因是灭绝。根据句意及汉语提示，native t：原产于，固定配搭，故填native。
4、答案：primitive
解析：句意：夏朝，中国从原始社会逐步进入奴隶社会。根据句意结合首字母，考虑primitive"原始的"，形容词，在句子中作定语，修饰名词sciety。故填：primitive。
5、答案：blame
解析：根据句意和所给提示词，可知此处要表达“责怪”这一含义，因为前面有情态动词shuld，所以此处用动词原形，故答案为“blame”。
6、答案：1.in particular 2.fight ff 3.By cntrast 4.carry ut5.serve as 6.In the end
7、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的reprted that yung maple trees getting bitten by insects send ut a particular smell that neighburing plants can get. These chemicals cme frm the injured parts f the plant and seem t be an alarm.可知, 植物受到伤害时会散发出一种特殊的气味, 而这种特殊的气味就是某些化学物质。
8、答案：A
解析：句意理解题。根据第三段中的They pump ut perfumes designed t attract different insects wh are natural enemies t the attackers.以及画线部分后的The attacker wh was lunching nw becmes lunch.可知, 画线部分的意思是：袭击者受到了它的天敌的袭击。
9、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Sme plants pump ut smelly chemicals t keep insects away.和They pump ut perfumes designed t attract different insects wh are natural enemies t the attackers.可知, 植物能保护自己免受昆虫的伤害。
10、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知, 达尔文设想了一个远比现实世界更繁忙、更喧嚣和更亲密的世界, 而我们的感官却非常弱, 我们还有很长的路要走。由此可知, 世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂。
11、答案：creatin；that/which；Lcated；and；as；feet；cludy；had fallen；hping；what
解析：①空处所填单词前面有冠词修饰, 需用create的名词形式。
②空处引导定语从句, 修饰先行词rck, 且在从句中作主语, 故填that/which。
③be lcated in/n/at ...是固定搭配, 表示“(某地)位于……”, 这里是其过去分词短语作状语。
④前后两句之间意义上是并列关系, 用and连接。
⑤be knwn as 作为……而闻名, 为固定搭配。
⑥空处所填单词前面有大于1的数词修饰, 需用ft的复数形式。
⑦空处所填单词在句中作表语, 需用clud的形容词形式。
⑧从句谓语动词动作fall apart发生在主句谓语动词动作discvered之前, 也就是过去的过去, 应用过去完成时。
⑨空处是现在分词短语作状语, 分词动作hpe与逻辑主语scientists之间是主动关系。
⑩空处引导宾语从句, 且在从句中作saw的宾语, 故填what。
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