2021-2022学年上海市宝山区高三上学期期末英语试题及答案

这是一份2021-2022学年上海市宝山区高三上学期期末英语试题及答案，共43页。试卷主要包含了 【此处可播放相关音频】等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频】

A. Cleaning the kitchen.B. Discussing a kitchen design.
C. Trying t draw a map f dinning.D. Painting the dining rm.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: As yu can see frm the drawings, the kitchen has ne dr int the dining rm, anther int the family rm and a third t the utside.
W: The dr int the family rm isn’t big enugh. Culd it be made wider?
Q: What are the speakers ding?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频】

A. Study a cmputer prgram.B. Check their cmputer files.
C. Assemble a cmputer.D. Make sme cmputatin.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Have yu ever put a cmputer tgether befre?
M: N, never. But I think if we fllw these instructins exactly, we wn’t have much truble.
Q: What are the speakers ging t d?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频】

A. It is faster t g t New Yrk by train.
B. It is nt always cheaper ging by bus.
C. It is mre cmfrtable and cnvenient t take a bus.
D. It is wrth the mney taking a train t New Yrk.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: Taking a bus t New Yrk is cheaper than ging by train.
M: That’s true. But I’d rather pay a little mre fr the added cmfrt and cnvenience.
Q: What des the man mean?
4. 【此处可播放相关音频】

A. The wman thinks highly f the speaker.
B. The wman has knwn the speaker fr a lng time.
C. The man had difficulty understanding the lecture.
D. The man is making a cmment abut nthing.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: What a bring speaker! I culd hardly stay awake.
W: Well, I dn’t knw. In fact, I think it’s been a lng time since I’ve heard anyne as gd.
Q: What d we learn frm the cnversatin?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频】

A. She has nt read the news n the Net.B. She has every cnfidence in Susan.
C. She is nt as bright and diligent as Susan.D. She is a little bit surprised at the news.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Have yu read the news n the Campus Net? Susan has wn the schlarship fr next year.
W: I knew she wuld frm the very beginning. She a brilliant and diligent girl! She certainly deserves it.
Q: What des the wman mean?
6. 【此处可播放相关音频】

A. Get a new bus schedule.B. Read the ntice n the windw.
C. G and ask the ticket seller.D. Bard the bus t Cleveland.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: This crazy bus schedule has gt me cmpletely cnfused. I can’t figure ut when my bus t Cleveland leaves.
M: Why dn’t yu just t the ticket windw and ask?
Q: What des the man suggest the wman d?
7. 【此处可播放相关音频】

A. Jane wre the vercat last week.B. Jane’s sister is in the same class as the man.
C. Jane missed her class last week.D. Jane’s vercat is as fashinable as her sister’s.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: This is a fashinable vercat. I saw yu wearing it last week, didn’t I?
W: Oh, that wasn’t me. That was my sister Jane. She’s in yur class.
Q: What des the wman mean?
8. 【此处可播放相关音频】
A. He was fifteen when he tk ver the cmpany.
B. He is making plans t expand his peratin.
C. He is a very successful businessman.
D. He has changed his business strategy.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hw lng have yu been running this cmpany?
M: Fifteen years if yu can believe that. I bught it frm a small peratin t what it is tday.
Q: What d we learn abut the man?
9. 【此处可播放相关音频】

A. The man and the wman are wrking n a jint prject.
B. The wman is ging t make her tpic mre fcused.
C. It tk a lt f time t get the man n the right track.
D. One shuld chse a brad tpic fr a research paper.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Yu are n the right track. I just think yu need t narrw the tpic dwn.
W: Yeah, yu’re right. I always start by chsing t brad a tpic when I’m ding a research paper.
Q: What d we learn frm the cnversatin?
10. 【此处可播放相关音频】

A. Children shuld play sprts at least nce a week.
B. The wman’s kids can play ftball with his sn.
C. Many children feel bred when left alne.
D. The wman’s sns might enjy team sprts.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: My bys are always cmplaining that they’re bred.
M: Why dn’t yu get them int sme team sprts? My sn and daughter play ftball every Saturday. And they bth lk frward t it all week.
Q: What des the man mean?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】
11.
A. T start ff as a listener.B. T speak right away.
C. T learn and listen quietly.D. T talk abut their lives.
12.
A. They can hear and appreciate interesting vides.
B. They can drp their wrries and prblems.
C. It can help peple make mre nline friends.
D. They can enjy the safe space fr expressin.
13.
A. T enable the users t enjy mre freedm t say anything.
B. T find a way t track discussins and prtect users.
C. T prvide a space fr hateful speeches and false statements.
D. T tell whether the impact f the app is helpful r harmful.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. D
【解析】
【原文】Clubhuse is the latest app that is taking the wrld by strm. It cnsists f rms where peple talk abut set tpics ver audi nly. Yu start ff as a listener, s yu aren’t able t speak right away. But smetimes the best way t learn is t slw dwn and just listen. Then yu can quietly cnsider what peple say abut their wrk, lives and experiences. Yu just might discver smething new.
These days peple have mre nline friends than ever yet are still lnely. Clubhuse stands ut frm ther apps in the way it helps users engage with thers. They can laugh ver cmmn interests r have deep discussins. They can feel heard and appreciated. Withut vide, they can even drp sme f their insecurities and say what they’re feeling.
Yet with this safe space fr expressin, prblems can ccur, t. In a place where yu can say anything, sme dn’t use their freedm rightly. Hateful speech and false statements have becme a prblem as Clubhuse's membership has grwn. Mving frward, it is imprtant fr Clubhuse t find a way t track discussins and prtect users.
This app will likely cntinue t have a great impact. Only time will tell whether that impact is helpful r harmful.
(Nw listen again please.)
11. Which f the fllwing is allwed after the users jin Clubhuse?
12. Why is Clubhuse ppular with its users?
13. What imprvement des Clubhuse need t make accrding t the speaker?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】
14.
A. Every actin leads t a result.B. Making a big decisin quietly.
C. Asking peers fr helpful advice.D. Sharing yur cnfidence prudly.
15.
A. T define the prblem yu’re scared f.B. T brainstrm thers’ cmments.
C. T decide what is right fr yu.D. T pstpne taking actin.
16.
A. What factrs invlved in making a bad decisin.
B. Hw t make gd decisins and avid bad nes.
C. Why peple usually hesitate t make decisins.
D. Hw many steps t be taken befre making decisins.
【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】One f the best skills yu can learn in life is hw t make gd decisins. Why? Because bad decisins lead t disappintment and pain. Gd decisins, n the ther hand, make yu feel happy and successful.
S what factrs g int making a gd decisin? There are three t cnsider. First, yu need t realize that every actin has a cnsequence. Yu shuldn’t make a big decisin quickly. Secnd, talk t thers, especially thse wh are lder and wiser than yu. They can give yu helpful advice. And finally, check yur cnscience. Be sure that yu can feel prud f the decisin yu are ging t make.
When it cmes t decisins, many peple hesitate t make them. They may be scared f making a mistake. They may be afraid f what ther peple will think f their chice. If yu need help making a decisin, use the fllwing fur steps.
First, yu need t define the prblem yu are facing. The next step is t think carefully abut the decisin and brainstrm yur chices. Third, yu have t determine what is right fr yu. And finally, act n yur decisin as sn as pssible.
(Nw listen again please.)
Questins:
14. What des the speaker say abut factrs t cnsider when making a gd decisin?
15. What des the speaker advise yu t d when yu need help making a decisin?
16. What’s the speaker mainly talking abut?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频】
17.
A. Seeing a mvie.B. The best study spt.
C. A cffee shp.D. A schl library.
18.
A. Bks in the library make him anxius.
B. Hardwrking students are his favrite scenery.
C. The silence f library helps him cncentrate.
D. He feels the anxiety f studying at the library.
19.
A. A cffee shp helps her relax.B. T much cffee makes her feel sick.
C. Drinking cffee fails t keep her alert.D. A bit f backgrund nise affects her.
20.
A. T give up their nise-canceling headphnes.
B. T drink cffee while they study tgether.
C. T be equipped with cmfrtable chairs.
D. T exchange their places fr the better ne.
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Celia, d yu want t g see a mvie tmrrw?
W: Srry, Ian, I can’t. I have a lt f studying t d, s I’ll be at the Cmfrt Cafe all day.
M: Hey! Why dn’t yu cme study with me at the library? Yu knw- near the bks and ther hardwrking students?
W: I dn’t like studying at the library. My favrite place t study is at a cffee shp.
M: Why? Yu can’t cncentrate in a cffee shp. Peple are always walking in and ut, and the cffee machine is s lud! Plus there are always peple talking!
W: Peple are usually pretty respectful at the Cmfrt Cafe. Besides, I like having a little bit f backgrund nise when I study. The library is t quiet.
M: I dn’t think it’s pssible fr a study spt t be t quiet. When I’m studying, ttal silence is what helps me cncentrate.
W: Cffee is what helps me cncentrate. Drinking cffee keeps me alert, and it als imprves my memry.
M: T much cffee makes me feel sick and anxius.
W: Studying at the library makes me anxius. I can just feel the anxiety f all the students studying fr tests.
M: That desn’t affect me.
W: Well, it des affect me. The relaxed atmsphere f a cffee shp helps me relax. A change f scenery really helps when yu have a lt t d.
M: That’s why I like the library. Bks are my favrite scenery!
W: Cffee machines and cmfrtable chairs are my favrite scenery. As sn as I smell the cffee, I knw it’s ging t be a prductive day.
M: I have an idea. Next time I have an exam, I’ll try studying in a cffee shp. And yu can give the library anther sht, Then we’ll knw which ne is better.
W: Well, I guess I can try it. As lng as I can take a cup f cffee with me!
M: And I’II take my nise-canceling headphnes t the cffee shp!
(Nw listen again please.)
Questins:
1. What are the tw speakers mainly talking abut?
2. What des the man say abut his favrite place?
3. What des the wman say abut her favrite place?
4. What are they ging t d accrding t their agreement?
II. Grammar and Vcabulary Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Rising T the Challenge
Cyclists must dig deep t cmplete what’s been called the tughest climb in the wrld. They race up t Wuling Peak t the finish line in the King f the Muntain (KOM) Challenge. Every Octber sme f the wrld’s best cyclists battle ____21____the title. Starting at sea level, the rute climbs t a height f 3, 275 meters at the end, cvering 105 kilmeters.
Ever since I started cycling seven years ag, cmpleting the KOM climb ____22____ (be) a gal f mine. Every year I thught that I needed t prepare fr it and used that as my excuse. But ____23____ (lk) back, I realize I wuld have been fine. Cycling uphill was n prblem fr me then- it was thrilling. Nw it’s exhausting.
Last summer I finally decided t take n Wuling with sme friends. Our 89-kilmeter rute started at the base f the muntain and was a little shrter than the fficial KOM race. But it’s the final 10 kilmeters ____24____are the mst demanding: This is the steepest part, ____25____makes the climb s hard.
We began early in the mrning as a grup f 17 riders. But nly three f us wuld make it t the tp. A supprt car was necessary, especially n a ride like this, ____26____ (help) keep us energetic.
The first part f the ride went thrugh Tark Valley, a magnificent park. I’ve hiked there, ____27____I’ve always wanted t bike it. I saw dramatic rcky utcrps, canyns, waterfalls and frests as I zipped thrugh the valley and up the muntain rad. Even thugh it was August, the weather was perfect. Unfrtunately, the supprt car that carried ur lunch ____28____ (delay). By the time it arrived, I was starving. Being cnsumed f energy even fr that shrt time affected the rest f my ride. When the hard last 10 kilmeters arrived, I really struggled t cmplete them. At ne pint I ____29____ see hw clse the tp f the peak was, but it still felt s far away. Frtunately, determinatin carried me t the finish. ____30____ (exhaust), I cnquered Wuling! What a tremendus feeling!
【答案】21. fr
22. has been
23. lking
24. that 25. which
26. t help
27. but 28. was delayed
29. culd 30. Exhausted
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者以“迎接挑战”这个标题开始，描述了他骑自行车完成KOM挑战赛，并征服武陵的难忘的经历。
【21题详解】
考查介词。句意：每年10月，一些世界上最好的自行车选手都会争夺冠军。根据句意，本句用的是battle fr（为…而战） 这个短语。选手是为冠军称号而战的。故填fr。
【22题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：自从七年前我开始骑自行车以来，完成KOM攀登一直是我的目标。根据Ever since可知，主句是现在完成时态。结合本句句意，空处需填have/has been。又根据本句主语是cmpleting the KOM climb，动名词做主语看成单数。故填has been。
【23题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但是回想起来，我意识到我本来会很好的。分析句子，主语是I，此空处的lk是状语，二者构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，表主动。故填lking。
【24题详解】
考查强调句。句意：但正是这最后的10公里是最难的。分析句子成分可知，本句是强调句式It is/was +被强调部分+that+其他部分。强调句的关键是把 It is 和that去掉以后句子是完整的，这个符合强调句式的结构，此处强调the final 10 kilmeters，应用that。故填that。
【25题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是最陡的部分，这使得攀登如此困难。分析句子可知，本句是主从句结构，后面的从句修饰，引导词指物做宾语，另外本句属于非限制性定语从句，不能用that。故填which。
【26题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一辆辅助车是必要的，尤其是在这样的骑行中，以帮助我们保持活力。分析句子结构，中间部分是插入语，两边组成一个完整句子。本句中前面是主语+be动词的结构，后面动词不定式，作目的状语。故填t help。
【27题详解】
考查连词。句意：我曾在那里徒步旅行，但我一直想骑自行车。分析句子结构，逗号隔开了两个完整的句子。因此空处用连词，又因前后是转折关系，所以but符合题意。故填but。
【28题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：不幸的是，运送我们午餐的支援车被耽搁了。分析句子，本句中的主语是the supprt car，后面的that引导的是定语从句修饰这个词。设空处是句子的谓语部分，结合语境，这个事发生在过去了，故用一般过去时。另外，the supprt car和动词delay构成被动关系，因此此空用一般过去时的被动语态，was/were +dne。另外，主语是单数。故填was delayed。
【29题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：在某一点上，我可以看到山顶有多近，但它仍然感觉很遥远。分析句子，设空前的“I”是句子主语，空后是动词原形see。在主语和动词原形之间只能考虑情态动词了，再结合句意，作者是说他能看到山顶，再结合全文的一般过去时。故填culd。
【30题详解】
考查形容词。句意：筋疲力尽，我征服了武陵！分析句子可知，本句是主谓宾的结构，主语是I，谓语是cnquered，宾语是Wuling，此空出现在句首，和主句逗号隔开，且没有连词，设空处是形容词作状语，修饰主语“我”。exhausted 表示筋疲力尽的，一般修饰人，符合题意。故填Exhausted。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need
Sense f smell is ur mst rapid warning system
“The human avidance respnse t unpleasant smells assciated with danger has lng been seen as a____31____ perceivable prcess, but ur study shws fr the first time that it’s uncnscius and extremely rapid,” says the study’s first authr Behzad Iravani, researcher at the Department f Clinical Neurscience, Karlinska Institutet.
The rgan relating t the sense f smell takes up abut five per cent f the human brain and enables us t____32____between many millin different smells. A large prprtin f these smells are assciated with a threat t ur health and____33____, such as that f chemicals and rtten fd. Smell signals reach the brain within 100 t 150 millisecnds after being breathed in thrugh the nse.
The survival f all living rganisms depends n their ability t avid danger and seek____34____. In humans, the smell sense seems particularly imprtant fr detecting and reacting t____35____harmful substance.
It has lng been a mystery just which sensry systems are invlved in the change f an unpleasant smell int avidance behavir in humans. Researchers at Karlinska Institutet have nw____36____a methd that fr the first time has made it pssible t measure signals frm the human smell rgan, which prcesses smells and in turn can____37____signals t parts f the brain that cntrl mvement and avidance behavir.
Their____38____ are based n three experiments in which participants were asked t rate their experience f six different smells, sme psitive, sme negative, while the electrphysilgical activity f the smell rgan when____39____t each f the smells was measured.
“It was clear that the rgan reacts specifically and_____40_____t negative smells and sends a direct signal t the uter layer f the rgan within abut 300 ms,” says the study’s last authr Jhan Lundström. ” The signal causes the persn t uncnsciusly lean back and away frm the surce f the smell.”
【答案】31. J 32. G
33. E 34. C
35. A 36. I
37 F 38. B
39. H 40. K
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍嗅觉是我们最快速的预警系统。
【31题详解】
考查形容词作定语。句意：长期以来，人类对与危险相关的难闻气味的回避反应一直被视为一种有意识的可感知的过程，但我们的研究首次表明，它是无意识的，而且非常迅速。此处用形容词cnscius“有意识的”作定语，修饰名词prcess。故选J。
【32题详解】
考查不定式作宾语补足语。句意：这个与嗅觉有关的器官约占人脑的5%，它使我们能够区分数百万种不同的气味。固定搭配：enable sb. t d sth.“使某人能够做某事”，其中不定式作宾语补足语；动词distinguish的意思是“区别，认出”符合题意。故选G。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些气味中有很大一部分与对我们的健康和生存的威胁有关，比如化学物质和腐烂的食物。此处指对健康和“生存”构成威胁，所以名词survival“生存”符合题意。故选E。
【34题详解】
考查名词作宾语。句意：所有生物的生存取决于它们规避危险和寻求回报的能力。名词rewards的意思是“回报，酬谢”，在句中作动词seek的宾语，表示“寻求回报”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词修饰形容词。句意：对人类来说，嗅觉对于探测潜在的有害物质并作出反应似乎特别重要。句中harmful是形容词，由副词ptentially“潜在地”修饰，表示“潜在的有害物质”。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：卡罗林斯卡学院的研究人员现在开发了一种方法，首次使测量来自人类嗅觉器官的信号成为可能。人类嗅觉器官处理气味，然后将信号传递到大脑中控制运动和逃避行为的部分。该句是现在完成时，表示“已经开发了一种方法”，所以develped符合题意。故选I。
【37题详解】
考查及物动词。句意：卡罗林斯卡学院的研究人员现在开发了一种方法，首次使测量来自人类嗅觉器官的信号成为可能。人类嗅觉器官处理气味，然后将信号传递到大脑中控制运动和逃避行为的部分。情态动词can后面跟动词原形，此处表示“传递”信号，所以及物动词transmit“传递”符合题意。故选F。
【38题详解】
考查名词作主语。句意：他们的结果是基于三个实验得出的。在实验中，参与者被要求对他们对六种不同气味(一些是积极的，一些是消极的)的体验打分，同时测量了嗅觉器官对每种气味做出反应时的电生理活动。此处指他们的“结果”，所以名词results“结果”符合题意。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：他们的结果是基于三个实验得出的。在实验中，参与者被要求对他们对六种不同气味(一些是积极的，一些是消极的)的体验打分，同时测量了嗅觉器官对每种气味做出反应时的电生理活动。固定短语：respnd t“回应，响应”，此处是现在分词作时间状语。故选H。
【40题详解】
考查副词修饰动词。句意：很明显，这个器官对负面气味的反应特别迅速，并在大约300毫秒内向器官的外层发出直接信号。此处指反应特别迅速，所以副词rapidly“讯速地”符合题意。故选K。
III. Reading Cmprehensin Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
While peple wh are bth trustwrthy and capable are the mst sught after when it cmes t team assembly, friendliness and trustwrthiness are ften mre imprtant factrs than ability.
“We assume that peple are____41____fr imprtant task frces and teams because f the knwledge, skills and abilities they bring t the table. Hwever, this research suggests that peple may ften get picked because team members feel____42____with them,” said Cynthia Maupin, assistant prfessr f rganizatinal behavir and leadership in Binghamtn University’s Schl f Management. “Peple may be willing t____43____a bit in terms f perfrmance in rder t have a really psitive team experience.”
Maupin and her clleagues fcused n a grup f MBA students t cnduct their study. Students were____44____ assigned t teams at the beginning f the semester t wrk n class prjects and assignments. Tward the end f the semester students were asked t frm their wn teams and ____45____why they selected each member f their grup.
“We wanted t find ut what peple did t____46____ t thers that they might be smene wh wuld be gd t team up with in the future,” Maupin said.
The researchers____47____lked at hw students signaled their human capital, the ability t d their tasks well, and their scial capital, the____48____t which they were friendly and trustwrthy, t ther students by studying their use f either challenging r supprtive vice:
●Challenging vice: Cmmunicating in a way that challenges the present circumstances and is ____49____new ideas and efficiency.
●Supprtive vice: Cmmunicating in a way that _____50_____ scial ties and trust, and builds friendly unity f a team.
The researchers fund that peple wh_____51_____bth abilities, thrugh the use f challenging vice, and trustwrthiness, thrugh the use f supprtive vice, were the mst in-demand peple when it came t_____52_____teams.
“As might be expected, anyne wh was very strng in terms f signaling bth their human and scial capital were extremely sught after. They’re ding all the right things t_____53_____that they’re bth trustwrthy and a gd wrker,” Maupin said.
Hwever, the researchers fund that students wh nly exhibited scial capital thrugh_____54_____vice were mre sught after than thse wh nly signaled their ability thrugh the use f challenging vice.
“Our findings suggest that when peple feel like they can trust yu, even if yu’re nt_____55_____ the best wrker, they’re ging t be mre likely t want t wrk with yu,” Maupin said. “They knw that there are likely t be fewer interpersnal issues in that case.”
41. A. qualifiedB. selectedC. examinedD. accunted
42. A. dissatisfiedB. favuriteC. permanentD. cmfrtable
43. A. sacrificeB. exchangeC. prhibitD. cntribute
44. A. deliberatelyB. riginallyC. randmlyD. purpsefully
45. A. bargainB. assessC. negtiateD. neglect
46. A. signalB. cntributeC. devteD. manage
47. A. indefinitelyB. frequentlyC. cnsiderablyD. specifically
48. A. ccasinB. missinC. degreeD. pinin
49. A. engaged inB. fcused nC. gtten acrssD. taken ff
50. A. adjustsB. decreasesC. mnitrsD. strengthens
51. A. exhibitedB. develpedC. evaluatedD. cncealed
52. A. separatingB. dminatingC. assemblingD. maintaining
53. A. establishB. reslveC. analyzeD. estimate
54. A. challengingB. mderateC. healthfulD. supprtive
55. A. dubtfullyB. necessarilyC. questinablyD. frtunately
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述研究表明在组建团队方面，友好和值得信赖往往是比能力更重要的因素，那些表现出可信赖的人，在组建团队时是最受欢迎的人，当人们觉得他们可以信任你时，即使你不一定是最好的员工，他们也会更愿意和你一起工作。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们认为人们被挑选到重要的特别工作组和团队是因为他们带来的知识、技能和能力。A. qualified取得资格；B. selected挑选；C. examined仔细检查；D. accunted 解释。根据下文“because f the knwledge, skills and abilities they bring t the table”可推断，人们因为他们的知识，技能和能力被挑选到重要的特别工作组和团队。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这项研究表明，人们可能经常被选中是因为团队成员觉得舒适。A. dissatisfied不满足的；B. favurite最喜欢的；C. permanent永久的；D. cmfrtable舒适的。根据上文“friendliness and trustwrthiness are ften mre imprtant factrs than ability(友好性和可信度往往是比能力更重要的因素)”以及hwever表示与前文“because f the knwledge, skills and abilities they bring t the table”是转折关系可推断，此处表示人们经常被选中是因为他们让人们感觉舒适。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们可能愿意在表现方面牺牲一点，以获得一个真正积极的团队体验。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. exchange交换；C. prhibit禁止；D. cntribute奉献。根据下文“in rder t have a really psitive team experience”可推断，为了有积极的团队体验，人们愿意做出一点牺牲。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在学期开始时，学生们被随机分配到不同的小组，进行课堂项目和作业。 A. deliberately有意地；从容地；B. riginally起初；C. randmly随意地；随机地; D. purpsefully有明确目标地。根据下文“Tward the end f the semester, students were asked t frm their wn teams”可推断，学生们是随机分组的。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学期结束时，学生们被要求组成他们自己的团队并评估他们为什么选择小组中的每个成员。A. bargain交易；B. assess评估；C. negtiate协商；谈判；D. neglect 忽视。根据下文“why they selected each member f their grup”可知，学生们要给出评价，给出为什么选择他们小组的成员的理由。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们想要弄清楚，人们如何向他人示意，表明他们可能是未来适合合作的人，”莫平说。 A. signal发信号；示意；B. cntribute 做贡献；C. devte 奉献；D. manage设法；管理。根据下文“hw students signaled their human capital”可知，人们向他们示意，自己是未来适合合作的人。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：研究人员通过研究学生们使用挑战性或支持性的声音专门观察了学生如何向其他学生展示他们的人力资本、完成任务的能力，以及他们的社会资本、他们的友好和值得信任的程度 。A. indefinitely不明确地；B. frequently频繁地；C. cnsiderably 相当；非常；D. specifically特意地；专门地。根据下文“lked at hw students signaled their human capital, the ability t d their tasks well, and their scial capital”可推断，这些是研究人员专门观察的事情。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ccasin机会；场合；B. missin职责；使命；C. degree程度；D. pinin意见。根据下文“by studying their use f either challenging r supprtive vice(通过研究他们使用的具有挑战性或支持性的声音)”可推断，此处说的是他们所表现出来的对他人的友好和值得信任的程度。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：具有挑战的声音：以一种挑战当前环境的方式进行交流，集中在新的想法和效率上。 A. engaged in忙于；参与；B. fcused n集中；C. gtten acrss被理解；D. taken ff脱下。根据上文“challenges the present circumstances”可推断，挑战性声音挑战当前环境，集中在新的想法和效率上。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：支持性声音：以加强社会关系和信任的方式进行沟通，并发展团队的友好团结。 A. adjusts调整；适应；B. decreases减少；C. mnitrs监视；监控；D. strengthens加强；巩固。根据下文“and builds friendly unity f a team(发展团队的友好团结)”可推断，上下文是并列关系，因此推断此处说的是巩固社会关系和信任。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员发现，那些通过使用挑战的声音表现出两种能力的人，和通过使用支持的声音表现出可信赖的人，在组建团队时是最受欢迎的人。A. exhibited展览；展示；B. develped发展；C. evaluated 估计；D. cncealed隐藏；隐瞒。根据下文“thrugh the use f challenging vice”可知，通过具有挑战的声音人们展示出两种能力。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员发现，那些通过使用挑战的声音表现出两种能力的人，和通过使用支持的声音表现出可信赖的人，在组建团队时是最受欢迎的人。A. separating分开；B. dminating控制；C. assembling聚集；组装；D. maintaining维持；保持。根据第一段的“when it cmes t team assembly”可知，此处说的是组建团队。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们做了所有正确的事情来证明他们是值得信赖的好员工。 A. establish建立，证明；B. reslve 决定；决心；C. analyze分析；D. estimate估计。根据上文“As might be expected, anyne wh was very strng in terms f signaling bth their human and scial capital were extremely sught after.( 正如我们所预料的，那些善于表达自己的人力和社会资本的人都是最抢手的 )”可推知，他们做了正确的事情来证实自己是可信赖的好员工。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，研究人员发现，那些只通过支持的声音表现出社会资本的学生比那些通过挑战的声音表明自己能力的学生更受欢迎。 A. challenging有挑战性的；B. mderate适中的；C. healthful有益于健康的；D. supprtive支持的。根据下文“than thse wh nly signaled their ability thrugh the use f challenging vice”可推断，此处与使用挑战性的声音的方式表明能力的学生进行比较，表示使用支持性的声音表现社会资本的学生。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当人们觉得他们可以信任你时，即使你不一定是最好的员工，他们也会更愿意和你一起工作。A. dubtfully怀疑地；含糊地；B. necessarily必要地；不可避免地；C. questinably可疑地；D. frtunately幸运地。根据上文“The researchers fund …thrugh the use f supprtive vice, were the mst in-demand peple when it came t____12____teams.( 研究人员发现……通过使用支持的声音表现出可信赖的人，在组建团队时是最受欢迎的人)”可推断，研究发现当人们信任你时，即使你不是最好的员工，他们也愿意和你合作。nt necessarily不一定；未必。故选B。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Early n, by age nine perhaps, I discvered my passin fr bth reading and writing fictin. The discvery was sudden and unexpected: ne very ht summer day in Birmingham (n air cnditining), while reading, I realized I was trembling with cld. I had becme caught up in a Laura Ingalls Wilder descriptin f a snwstrm. Hw is this pssible? I asked myself, and the answer came immediately. It’s these wrds. Just these wrds have made me feel cld. Full f wnder and admiratin fr Laura’s writing, I thught, I’d like t be able t d that smeday.
Nnetheless, I fund myself beginning cllege as a premedical student with the intentin f becming a dctr. Yu see, I wanted t d gd, r t be a gd persn, ne devted t the welfare f thers. And what f my wn lve f reading and my interest in imaginative writing? Bth still gave me immense pleasure, thugh I was failing chemistry. But what gd is literature? I asked myself. And I asked my serius-minded student friends the same questin. T spend my life merely ding what I lved seemed unacceptably self-centered.
One day in a literature class at my small, excellent liberal arts cllege, the knwledgeable prfessr, wh was als dean f the cllege, psed a questin that nne f us culd answer: “In what way are Huck f Huckleberry Finn and Pip f Charles Dickens’s Great Expectatins alike?” While I did nt knw the answer, what I did knw—in a strange flash f awareness—was that whatever the answer, it wuld be f crucial imprtance t the yung man sitting acrss the crridr frm me.
And wh was he? A brilliant persn, a trubled persn fr all his brilliance, smene I lved and admired.
The prfessr answered his wn questin. “Bth are bys in search f a father.” And I knew my friend acrss the crridr, thrugh literature, suddenly understd his wn cnfusin. He knew in an instinctive way smething f vital imprtance. What was true f thse fictive bys was als true f him: he needed t becme a guiding father t himself.
The class was ver. As my friend Dwight and I walked ut the dr tgether int the hall, he said withut lking at me, “And hw can yu dubt, Sena, that literature can d gd in the wrld?” Withut lking at him, but sure bth his eyes and my eyes were shined with tears, I replied, “I knw. I knw.” I knew that literature culd and des make ideas and feelings real, dramatic, and accessible in a way that enhances the quality f ur lives.
And s I gave myself permissin t embrace a literary life, bth as reader and as writer. If smething I might cme t write ffered ne wnderful persn a new and needed perspective, then I culd justify chsing a life fr myself in literature.
That was all a very lng time ag, abut half a century ag. My friend wuld die in an aut accident befre he was twenty-ne. And I wuld live t be extrardinarily happy in my chice f prfessins.
This I believe: that the arts must be a part f educatin at all levels, that the arts can and d ffer us nt nly pleasure but als invaluable insights int urselves and ur wrld.
56. What was the embarrassing situatin Sena the authr f the passage faced?
A. She was attracted by Laura’s writing but felt extremely cld.
B. She did nt knw hw t answer the questin but it was imprtant.
C. She lved literature but wanted t d smething gd fr humanity.
D. She admired her brilliant friend Dwight but he died in an accident.
57. The authr f the passage mentined her friend Dwight t demnstrate_________.
A. nly he culd answer the prfessr’s questin
B. he was the very persn she lved and admired
C. literature becmes a guiding father t himself
D. literature ffers us priceless insights int urselves
58. It can be cncluded that the authr decided t_________.
A. fllw her passin fr being a dctr
B. devte herself t literature in her life
C. be a reader t enhance the quality f her life
D. be a dctr and engaged in literature smetimes
59. What might be the best title fr the passage?
A A life in literatureB. A medical career
C. An unfrgettable lessnD. An unexpected accident
【答案】56. C 57. D 58. B 59. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者的文学生涯。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Yu see, I wanted t d gd, r t be a gd persn, ne devted t the welfare f thers. And what f my wn lve f reading and my interest in imaginative writing? Bth still gave me immense pleasure, thugh I was failing chemistry. But what gd is literature? I asked myself. And I asked my serius-minded student friends the same questin. T spend my life merely ding what I lved seemed unacceptably self-centered.（你看，我想做善事，或做一个好人，一个致力于他人福利的人。我自己对阅读的热爱和对想象力写作的兴趣又如何呢? 虽然我的化学成绩不及格，但这两件事仍然给我带来了极大的快乐。但是文学有什么好处呢? 我问我自己。我问了我那些严肃的学生朋友同样的问题。只做自己喜欢的事似乎是不可接受的以自我为中心）”，可知，这篇文章的作者Sena所面临的尴尬局面是她热爱文学，但想为人类做些好事。故选C。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“The class was ver. As my friend Dwight and I walked ut the dr tgether int the hall, he said withut lking at me, “And hw can yu dubt, Sena, that literature can d gd in the wrld?” Withut lking at him, but sure bth his eyes and my eyes were shined with tears, I replied, “I knw. I knw.” I knew that literature culd and des make ideas and feelings real, dramatic, and accessible in a way that enhances the quality f ur lives.（下课了。当我和我的朋友德怀特一起走出大门走进大厅时，他没有看我一眼就说:“你怎么能怀疑文学能给世界带来好处呢，塞纳?” 我没有看他，但他的眼睛和我的眼睛都闪烁着泪光，我回答说:“我知道。我知道。” 我知道，文学能够而且确实能让想法和感觉变得真实、戏剧化、通俗易懂，从而提高我们的生活质量）”，可知，这篇文章的作者提到了她的朋友德怀特，以证明文学为我们提供了无价的自我洞察。故选D。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“s I gave myself permissin t embrace a literary life, bth as reader and as writer. If smething I might cme t write ffered ne wnderful persn a new and needed perspective, then I culd justify chsing a life fr myself in literature.（所以我允许自己以读者和作家的身份去拥抱文学生活。如果我要写的东西能给一个优秀的人提供一个新的和需要的视角，那么我就能证明自己选择文学生活是正确的）”，可知，作者决定在她的一生中致力于文学。故选B。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段中“s I gave myself permissin t embrace a literary life, bth as reader and as writer.（所以我允许自己以读者和作家的身份去拥抱文学生活）”和最后一段“This I believe: that the arts must be a part f educatin at all levels, that the arts can and d ffer us nt nly pleasure but als invaluable insights int urselves and ur wrld.（我相信这一点:艺术必须是各级教育的一部分，艺术不仅能而且确实能给我们带来快乐，还能让我们对自己和我们的世界有宝贵的见解）”，可知，这篇文章讲述作者的文学生涯。所以A项A life in literature为最佳主题。故选A。
(B)
Even if the wrld makes it hard t relax, we all need t find a way t reset and recharge. We g thrugh life thinking we’ve rested because we have gtten enugh sleep―but in reality we are missing ut n the ther types f rest we desperately need. Saudra Daltn-Smith, a physician, utlines different types f rest that are essential fr human grwing.
Physical rest
This is the usual definitin f rest were a familiar with. But while we knw we need t spend a decent number f hurs in bed t stay healthy, a steady persistent supprt f studies shws a large prprtin f us still dn’t get enugh physical rest.
Mental rest
Always have a trnad f thughts spinning in yur head frm the mment yu wake up t the mment yu finally fall asleep? Yu need mre mental rest, and even if yu sleep a slid eight hurs a night, yu’re nt ging t feel fully recharged until yu get it.
“The gd news is yu dn’t have t quit yur jb r g n vacatin t fix this. Schedule shrt breaks t ccur every tw hurs thrughut yur wrkday these breaks can remind yu t slw dwn. Yu might als keep a ntepad by the bed t write dwn any painful thughts that wuld keep yu awake,” suggests Daltn-smith.
Sensry rest
Staring at screens all day and all night means yur eyes never get a prper rest, but this isn’t the nly reasn many f us never give ur senses a break. Nisy cites, sharp sund annuncements and lud music all cntribute t cnstant sensry stimulatin. Yur brain needs a rest nw and again. Cnsciusly clse yur eyes and give yurself the gift f silence fr shrt perids thrughut the day.
Emtinal rest
This “means having the time and space t freely express yur feelings and cut back n peple-pleasing,” Daltn-smith explains. “Emtinal rest als requires the curage t be genuine. An emtinally rested persn can answer the questin, ‘Hw are yu tday?’ with a truthful ‘I’m nt kay’, and then g n t share sme hard things that therwise g unsaid.”
In ther wrds, we all need the space t stp pretending fr urselves and thers and get real abut ur feelings.
60. Which f the fllwing statement is true abut the types f rest mentined in the passage?
A. Physical rest means lying in bed fr a prper perid and exercising.
B. Mental rest indicates resting every tw hurs when yu’re wrking.
C. Sensry rest means keeping silent frequently and staring at screens.
D. Emtinal rest means pretending t share private affairs with thers.
61. What type f rest d yu need mst if yu’re wrking with a cmputer in an ffice?
A. Physical restB. Mental restC. Sensry restD. Emtinal rest
62. It can be cncluded that if a persn feels tired, he shuld_________.
A. try t identify just what srt f rest he’s lacking exactly
B. spend sme time with thse wh can energize him
C. have the fur types f rest mentined in the passage in rder
D. have a need t feel cnnected t smething larger than himself
【答案】60. B 61. C 62. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了除睡眠以外的四种休息方式。它们可以帮助我们更好地调整生活和工作状态，改善身体和精神健康状况。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Schedule shrt breaks t ccur every tw hurs thrughut yur wrkday (在工作日中，每隔两个小时安排一次短暂的休息)”可知，精神休息指的是工作时每隔两个小时进行短时休息。故选B项。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Staring at screens all day and all night means yur eyes never get a prper rest, but this isn’t the nly reasn many f us never give ur senses a break. (整天整夜盯着屏幕意味着你眼睛永远得不到适当的休息，但这并非我们许多人从不让我们的感官休息的唯一原因。)”可知，如果我们整天在办公室对着一台电脑工作，我们可能最需要进行感官休息。故选C项。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“We g thrugh life thinking we’ve rested because we have gtten enugh sleep―but in reality we are missing ut n the ther types f rest we desperately need. Saudra Daltn-Smith, a physician, utlines different types f rest that are essential fr human grwing. (我们终其一生都认为我们已经休息了，因为我们已经得到了足够的睡眠，但实际上我们错过了我们迫切需要的其他类型的休息。医生Saudra Daltn-Smith概述了对人类成长至关重要的不同类型的休息)”可推知，认为足够的睡眠是唯一休息方式是不正确的，所以当一个人感到疲倦时，他需要弄清楚他到底缺少什么样的休息。故选A项。
(C)
Transhumanism, first cined in 1957 by bilgist Julian Huxley, meant “man remaining man, but ging beynd himself by realizing new pssibilities f and fr his human nature.” Generally speaking, transhumanism in its mdern meaning implies that human beings can be enhanced by the means f science t the extent when they rise abve bilgical limitatins and capabilities prgrammed by nature. The species int which humanity transfrms this way will be called pst human, r trans human, as it wuld have been smething new — based n human nature, but ging beynd it at the same time.
There are numerus areas which, accrding t transhumanists, require enhancement, as well as there are cuntless prpsals n the means f such enhancement. In particular, transhumanists wrk n such prblems as vercming the physical bundaries f the human bdy. Starting with aging, which they believe t be rather a disease than a natural prcess, and ending up with replacing rgans with their artificial nes, transhumanists believe that the human bdy is imperfect, and that it shuld be imprved. All kinds f nantechnlgies fr repairing damaged rgans; nerve stimulants and drugs t alter md and eliminate negative emtins; brain implants and implanted technlgies t allw intercnnectivity between multiple human beings and t advance intelligence—these and many mre actins are just sme f the means transhumanists plan t use t make humanity better. Sme f the technlgies transhumanists plan t emply t push the bundaries f humanity are available already. Fr example, gene therapy allwing t cure r stp certain diseases that were cnsidered terminal; CRISPRi r SHARP-2 methds, which were discvered nt s lng ag, have already prved t be efficient in treating a number f cmplicated medical cnditins, and in case further research is cnducted, they might significantly imprve the quality f medicine wrldwide. Virtual reality, anther technlgy frm science-fictin mvies f the late 1980s, has becme nt s virtual either, after all. VR device can be easily purchased frm nline stres, and the prices are affrdable — given that we are speaking f technlgy capable f substituting actual reality. S far, it has been mstly used fr games and educatin, but in the future, the range f its useful applicatins will definitely braden. Other technlgies, which have nt yet been invented but which definitely will, include large scale engineering, self-cpying rbtics, artificial intelligence, mind uplading technlgies, mlecular manufacturing, space clnizatin, and ther technlgical wnders.
Abut a hundred years ag, the idea f flying in the skies seemed absurd, until Wilbur and Orville Wright prved this assumptin wrng. Wh knws, perhaps in a cuple f decades the cncepts listed here, n matter hw fantastic they lk nw, will becme reality. Mral aspects and the price humanity will have t pay fr such advancements are a different subject.
63. Which f the fllwing statements is true abut transhumanism?
A. Prmting human health but remaining their physical appearances
B. Imprving the human cnditin thrugh scial and cultural change
C. Develping human beings beynd their natural capabilities by technlgy.
D. Ging beynd human beings physical limitatins thrugh natural evlutin.
64. Transhumanists’ plan is based n the belief that_________.
A. replacing rgans with their artificial nes is ideal
B. aging is rather a disease than a natural prcess
C. it’s practical t use nantechnlgies t imprve life
D. the human bdy is imperfect and needs imprvement
65. The underlined wrd “absurd” (last paragraph) is clsest in meaning t_________.
A. ridiculusB. creativeC. reasnableD. practical
66. This passage is particularly written abut_________.
A. varius kinds f definitins f transhumanism
B. different technlgies substituting human reality
C. prpsals n the human beings enhancement
D. artificial intelligence and human beings life
【答案】63. C 64. D 65. A 66. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了超人类主义这一概念，并通过举例来说明人类可以通过哪些技术来突破自然设定的生物局限和能力，从而成为超人类。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Generally speaking, transhumanism in its mdern meaning implies that human beings can be enhanced by the means f science t the extent when they rise abve bilgical limitatins and capabilities prgrammed by nature.(一般来说，现代意义上的超人类主义意味着，通过科学手段，人类可以提升到超越自然设定的生物局限和能力的程度)”可知，超人类主义认为，通过技术可以使人类超越其自然能力。故选C项。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“There are numerus areas which, accrding t transhumanists, require enhancement, as well as there are cuntless prpsals n the means f such enhancement. In particular, transhumanists wrk n such prblems as vercming the physical bundaries f the human bdy. (根据超人类主义者的说法，有许多领域需要改进，同时也有无数关于改进方法的建议。特别是，超人类主义者致力于克服人类身体的物理局限等问题)”和“Starting with aging, which they believe t be rather a disease than a natural prcess, and ending up with replacing rgans with their artificial nes, transhumanists believe that the human bdy is imperfect, and that it shuld be imprved.(从衰老开始，他们认为衰老是一种自然过程而不是一种疾病，最后是用人造器官替换器官。超人类主义者认为人类的身体是不完美的，应该得到改善)”可推知，超人类主义者克服人类身体物理局限的计划是基于他们认为人类的身体是不完美的，应该得到改善这一观点。故选D项。
【65题详解】
词句猜测题。结合常识和最后一段“Abut a hundred years ag, the idea f flying in the skies seemed absurd, until Wilbur and Orville Wright prved this assumptin wrng. (大约一百年前，在天空中飞翔的想法似乎是absurd，直到威尔伯和奥维尔·赖特证明了这一臆断是错误的) ”中“Wilbur and Orville Wright prved this assumptin wrng”可推知，一百年前的人们认为天空飞翔的想法是不切实际的，但威尔伯和奥维尔·赖特证明了他们的观念是错误的，划线词absurd在句中指“不可能的，不切实际的”，与ridiculus(可笑的，荒谬的)语义相近 。故选A项。
【66题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了超人类主义这一概念，并通过举例来说明人类可以通过哪些技术来突破自然设定的生物局限和能力，从而成为超人类。文章详细列举了replacing rgans with their artificial nes(用他们的人造器官替换器官)、nantechnlgies fr repairing damaged rgans(修复受损器官的纳米技术)、nerve stimulants and drugs t alter md and eliminate negative emtins(神经兴奋剂和药物改变情绪和消除消极情)、brain implants and implanted technlgies(大脑植入和植入技术)、gene therapy(基因治疗)、CRISPRi r SHARP-2 methds(CRISPRi或SHARP-2方法)、Virtual reality(虚拟现实)、large scale engineering(大型工程)和self-cpying rbtics(自我复制机器人)等技术，因此本文主要写的是用于取代了人类现实的不同技术。故选B项。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passages. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Why Yu Shuld Nt Wrry Abut Prcrastinatin
Perhaps every persn n Earth has at least nce been in a situatin when he r she has an urgent task t d, but instead f challenging it head n, he r she pstpnes wrking n this task fr as lng as pssible. This delay can take varius frms: frm ding nthing, t ding a lt f wrk–just nt the wrk that shuld be dne. The phenmenn described here is called prcrastinatin, and its rts g much deeper than mere laziness.
____67____. They invent dzens f strategies hw t stp prcrastinating and increase their efficiency, frgetting abut the fact that like many ther psychlgical mechanisms, prcrastinatin serves its wn purpse, and prbably even carries a message wrth decding. S, instead f blaming yurself fr being lazy, the next time yu prcrastinate, try t lk past it, and figure ut what is happening t yu. Mst likely, prcrastinatin is yur friend. Why?
There are several arguments prving this statement. First f all, it helps yu figure ut yur mst pressing pririties. Usually, yu will nt prcrastinate ver sme minr task such as sharpening a pencil r drinking a glass f water. Prblems start when there is smething imprtant r difficult that needs t be dne. Reasns keeping yu frm ding wrk can be different, but here is a clue t remember: try t figure ut what exactly makes yu avid–as a rule, it shuld be exactly what yur tp pririty task is at the mment. ____68____. On the ther hand, prcrastinatin may serve yu as an indicatr that yu are ding smething wrng, r that yu are pushing yurself t hard and need t take sme time t rest. Either way, the means yu use t vercme prcrastinatin is a different stry; s far, try seeing prcrastinatin as a marker, an index–and yu will discver that it can be quite useful.
Surprisingly enugh, prcrastinatin can even help yu fix a relatinship with anther persn. If yu had a fight, fr example, there is a perid f time when whatever yu say t each ther will mst likely be perceived with skepticism r even hstility. ____69____. In this case, prcrastinatin may give yu enugh time t make up yur mind, find yur curage, and think f the prper wrds r actins fr an aplgy. The same wrks fr anther persn: after a cl dwn perid, he r she will be mre susceptible t what yu have t say. Use this t yur advantage.
As we can see, prcrastinatin is nt necessarily a bad thing. ____70____. But it is rather a psychlgical instrument, the main functin f which is t slw yu dwn and give yu enugh time t srt ut yur pririties, gather infrmatin befre making an imprtant decisin, r finding prper wrds t make yur amends with anther persn. Thus, instead f aviding and denying prcrastinatin, yu might want t embrace it–at least
A. Besides, yu might have nticed hw unwilling yu may be when having t aplgize in frnt f a different persn–even if it was yu wh were wrng.
B. This varies depending n the weight f a decisin that needs t be made.
C. Unlike many peple gt used t believing, prcrastinatin is nt a negative feature f character such as laziness.
D. Usually, peple tend t see prcrastinatin as smething bad.
E. In fact, prcrastinating in this case is als beneficial.
F. A pressing matter, an urgent dcument that needs t be written by the end f the day, an especially difficult piece f wrk, whatever.
【答案】67. D 68. F 69. A 70. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是“为什么你不应该担心拖延症”。
【67题详解】
根据下文“They invent dzens f strategies hw t stp prcrastinating and increase their efficiency, ...（他们发明了几十种策略来阻止拖延并提高效率，……）”可知，人们试图克服拖延症，认为它不好事，D项“Usually, peple tend t see prcrastinatin as smething bad.（通常，人们倾向于把拖延视为坏事）”与下文语意连贯，构成因果关系。故选D。
【68题详解】
上文“but here is a clue t remember: try t figure ut what exactly makes yu avid–as a rule, it shuld be exactly what yur tp pririty task is at the mment.（但这里有一条线索要记住：试着找出到底是什么让你逃避工作——作为一个原则，它应该正好是你此刻最重要的任务）”说要找出此刻最重要的任务，F项“A pressing matter, an urgent dcument that needs t be written by the end f the day, an especially difficult piece f wrk, whatever.（一件紧急的事情，一份需要在一天结束前完成的紧急文件，一件特别困难的工作，不管是什么）”是对上文的举例说明，语意连贯。故选F。
【69题详解】
上文讲“If yu had a fight, fr example, there is a perid f time when whatever yu say t each ther will mst likely be perceived with skepticism r even hstility.（例如，如果你们吵架了，有一段时间你们对彼此说的任何话都很可能被认为是怀疑甚至敌意的）”吵架后无法沟通交流，A 项“Besides, yu might have nticed hw unwilling yu may be when having t aplgize in frnt f a different persn–even if it was yu wh were wrng.(此外，你可能已经注意到，当你不得不在另一个人面前道歉时，你可能是多么不情愿——即使是你错了)”讲吵架后都不愿意道歉，与上文构成并列关系，这两种情况即下文中所说“In this case”，且下文“In this case, prcrastinatin may give yu enugh time t make up yur mind, find yur curage, and think f the prper wrds r actins fr an aplgy.（在这种情况下，拖延可能会给你足够的时间来下定决心，找到勇气，并想出适当的言语或行动来道歉）”提供了解决解决问题的办法：prcrastinatin。上下文语意连贯。故选A。
【70题详解】
根据上文“As we can see, prcrastinatin is nt necessarily a bad thing.（正如我们所看到的，拖延不一定是一件坏事）”可知，拖延症并不像人们通常认为的是一件坏事。C项“Unlike many peple gt used t believing, prcrastinatin is nt a negative feature f character such as laziness.（与许多人习惯认为的不同，拖延症不是像懒惰那样的消极性格特征）”是对上文语意的顺承，与上文语意连贯。故选C。
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Rmantic Attractin
Smetimes, it seems we are attracted twards peple rmantically in a puzzling manner. We see smene and ur rmantic side bursts ut. Hwever, it is nt a mystery t science and peple wh study scilgy. There are definite causes as t why peple becme rmantically attracted t each ther. These factrs are, similarity, cmmunicatin, and hnesty.
Thugh peple ften say ppsites attract, similarity ften cnnects individuals in a rmantic way. In fact, based n research dne by the University f Clrad Bulder, we tend t chse partners wh have a similar DNA t urs. Of curse we cannt examine the DNA f thers readily, but we can naturally “feel” if peple are a genetic match fr us.
Cmmunicatin is anther essential factr in the rmantic attractin way. If we feel a deep cnnectin t smene thrugh the ease f talking with them, we are much mre likely t be attracted t that persn. It is difficult t be rmantically invlved with smene yu can barely cmmunicate with. And as a side nte, there are peple we are nt attracted t each ther in appearance, but after cmmunicating with them fr sme time, we suddenly becme rmantically interested in them.
Friends ften cnnect thrugh nticing the hnesty f thers, but this als lends t rmantic attractin. Accrding t Kelly Campbell, PhD, “Chemistry ccurs mst ften between peple wh are dwn-t-earth and sincere. This is because if a persn is cmfrtable with themselves, they are better able t express their true self t the wrld, which makes it easier t get t knw them, even if perspectives n imprtant matters differed”. This adds t the perspective that easy cmmunicatin between peple cntributes t rmantic attractin.
【答案】Similarity, cmmunicatin and hnesty are the reasns why peple draw thers’ attentin. Firstly, research shws genetic similarity makes a gd match. Secndly, cmmunicating with each ther makes us feel cnnected and interested. Thirdly, hnesty leads t rmantic attractin, as we are happy with hnest peple and understand each ther easily.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了有趣的灵魂如何能相互吸引背后的原因：相似点、沟通和诚实。我们似乎天生会被那些有相同基因的人所吸引，研究也证实了这一点；沟通会让我们与其他人产生共鸣并且对对方产生兴趣；而诚实的品质让我们诚实地面对自己，面对世界，也就更容易吸引他人。
【详解】1 要点摘录①There are definite causes as t why peple becme rmantically attracted t each ther. These factrs are, similarity, cmmunicatin, and hnesty.②In fact, accrding t research dne by the University f Clrad Bulder, it seems that we can naturally “feel” if peple are a genetic match fr us.③If we feel a deep cnnectin t smene, we are much mre likely t be attracted t that persn. Besides, there are peple we are nt attracted t each ther in appearance, but after cmmunicating with them fr sme time, we suddenly becme rmantically interested in them.
④Friends ften cnnect thrugh nticing the hnesty f thers, but this als lends t rmantic attractin.
2.缜密构思将第1、2、3两个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句As t why peple becme rmantically attracted t each ther, there are definite causes which include similarity, cmmunicatin, and hnesty.
Nt nly can cmmunicating with thse whse appearance are nt attractive make us rmantically interested in them, but it als strengthens ur cnnectin with thers.
In fact, research dne by the University f Clrad Bulder suggests that we seems t naturally “feel” if peple are a genetic match fr us.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Similarity, cmmunicatin and hnesty are the reasns why peple draw thers’ attentin.运用一个定语从句对原文第一段进行了概括。其中why引导定语从句表达较高级。
[高分句型2]：Firstly, research shws genetic similarity makes a gd match. 用省略关联词that的宾语从句对第二段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72. 雨越下越大，他不得已只有打车回家。（blige）(汉译英)
【答案】It rained harder and harder/ mre and mre heavily, s he was bliged t take taxi hme/g/return hme by taxi/taxi hme.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词及短语。雨越下越大应用“It rained harder and harder/ mre and mre heavily”，被迫做某事应用“be bliged t d”，打车回家应用“take taxi hme/g/return hme by taxi/taxi hme”陈述过去的事情，要使用一般过去时，故翻译为It rained harder and harder/ mre and mre heavily, s he was bliged t take taxi hme/g/return hme by taxi/taxi hme.
73. 一年四季，这一旅游胜地都值得观光。(wrth) (汉译英)
【答案】This turist attractin /resrt/ turist resrt/destinatin is wrth visiting/ a visit at all seasns/all the year (a)rund / thrughut the year/the whle year.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词和形容词短语。表示“旅游胜地”短语应用turist attractin或resrt或turist resrt或destinatin；表示“值得观光”短语可使用be wrth visiting/a visit；表示“一年四季”短语可使用at all seasns/all the year (a)rund / thrughut the year/the whle year。根据句意可知，该句应使用一般现在时。故翻译为：This turist attractin /resrt/ turist resrt/destinatin is wrth visiting/ a visit at all seasns/all the year (a)rund / thrughut the year/the whle year.
74. 研究表明，人们极有可能因为自己没有充分发挥出全部潜能而懊悔莫及。（likely）(汉译英)
【答案】Research shws peple are mst/very likely t regret thinking they have nt reached/achieved /realized their full ptential.
Research shws peple are mst/very likely t feel regretful because they have nt reached/achieved /realized/tapped/ develped their full ptential.
Research shws it’s very likely that peple regret (it) because they have nt reached/achieved/realized/tapped/ develped their ptential fully/ t the full.
【解析】
【详解】考查一般现在时、现在完成时、原因状语从句和固定句型。该句是复合句，含that引导的宾语从句，that可以省略，该句在描述一个客观事实，所以主句用一般现在时，从句中表示完成的动作，用现在完成时；表示“研究表明”用Research shws；表示“人们极有可能懊悔莫及”用“peple are mst/very likely t regret；peple are mst/very likely t feel regretful；it’s very likely that peple regret(it) ”；表示“因为自己没有充分发挥出全部潜能”用“thinking they have nt reached/achieved /realized their full ptential；because they have nt reached/achieved /realized/tapped/ develped their full ptential；because they have nt reached/achieved/realized/tapped/ develped their ptential fully/ t the full”。故答案为Research shws peple are mst/very likely t regret thinking they have nt reached/achieved /realized their full ptential.
Research shws peple are mst/very likely t feel regretful because they have nt reached/achieved /realized/tapped/ develped their full ptential.
Research shws it’s very likely that peple regret (it) because they have nt reached/achieved/realized/tapped/ develped their ptential fully/ t the full.
75. 这是一部适合家长和孩子共同阅读的书籍，不仅能促进亲子关系更加和谐，还能让孩子在以后的成长和学习的道路上少走弯路。（…such…that…）(汉译英)
【答案】This is such a suitable bk fr parents and children t read tgether that it can nt nly prmte a mre harmnius parent-child relatinship/ relatinship between parents and children, but als help children take shrt cut/avid making a detur/taking indirect curses/save twists and turns/ n their way t grwth and learning in the future.
【解析】
【详解】考查结果状语从句/形容词/动词/固定短语。由句意和提示词可知，本句是由such…that引导的结果状语从句，时态用一般现在时，本句主干“这是一本……的书籍”，所以主句主谓为“这是（This is）”，such修饰的表语部分为“a suitable bk fr parents and children t read tgether(一部适合家长和孩子共同阅读的书籍)”，其中suitable(适合的)作定语修饰名词bk，表示“给家长和孩子一起阅读”用介词短语“fr parents and children t read tgether”，作bk的后置定语 ；that后接从句，从句中的“不仅……，而且……”用连词短语“nt nly…but als…”连接动作“促进”和“让（帮助）”，第一个动作“prmte a mre harmnius parent-child relatinship/ relatinship between parents and children(促进亲子关系更加和谐)”，其中prmte(促进)作谓语，表示“更和谐的”用形容词词比较级“mre harmnius”作定语修饰宾语“亲子关系”，表示“亲子关系”可以用“parent-child relatinship”或“relatinship between parents and children”；第二个动作“help childrentake shrt cut/avid making a detur/taking indirect curses/save twists and turns/ n their way t grwth and learning in the future.(让（帮助）孩子在以后的成长和学习的道路上少走弯路)”，其中表示“让某人……”可用help sb d(帮助某人做)结构，表示“少走弯路”用动词短语“take shrt cut/avid making a detur/taking indirect curses/save twists and turns”，表示“在成长和学习的道路上”用介词短语“n their way t grwth and learning”；表示“将来”用固定短语“in the future”，结合其他汉语意思，故翻译为：This is such a suitable bk fr parents and children t read tgether that it can nt nly prmte a mre harmnius parent-child relatinship/ relatinship between parents and children, but als help children take shrt cut/avid making a detur/taking indirect curses/save twists and turns/ n their way t grwth and learning in the future.
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你有意参加某英文报举行的题为“My future hme”征文调查活动，征文内容从这些住房特征中选择：交通便利；住房外部环境宜居；家居内部设施齐全；用具及装饰健康环保；住房智能化。现请你一写篇文章，具体要求如下：
（1）你未来理想的住房应该有以上哪三个特征？
（2）说明理由。
【答案】Everyne has their dream hme. I hpe the ideal husing in the future shuld have cnvenient transprtatin, livable external envirnment and intelligent husing.
In my pinin, cnvenient transprtatin shuld be the first chice fr husing. Cnvenient transprtatin is gd fr us t g t wrk, g shpping and take the children t schl. In case f emergency, cnvenient transprtatin will allw yu t get t yur destinatin smthly, and yu will nt miss the pprtunity because f traffic. The external envirnment f husing is livable and mre suitable fr peple t live. I hpe my future hme will be built in a beautiful place with flwers and trees, which is gd fr ur health. In the infrmatin age, intelligent husing is beynd reprach. Such a hme can make the family feel mre secure and save unnecessary wasted time t d mre meaningful things.
All in all, I want t have an ideal hme that belngs t me.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，假设你有意参加某英文报举行的题为“My future hme”征文调查活动，征文内容从这些住房特征中选择：交通便利；住房外部环境宜居；家居内部设施齐全；用具及装饰健康环保；住房智能化。你未来理想的住房应该有以上的三个特征并说出理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
依我看来：in my pinin→in my view→persnally
对某人好：be gd fr sb.→be beneficial t sb. →d sb. gd
安全的：secure→safe
合适的：be suitable fr→be fit fr
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：In case f emergency, cnvenient transprtatin will allw yu t get t yur destinatin smthly, and yu will nt miss the pprtunity because f traffic.
拓展句：In case f emergency, cnvenient transprtatin will allw yu t get t yur destinatin smthly, nt missing the pprtunity because f traffic.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I hpe my future hme will be built in a beautiful place with flwers and trees, which is gd fr ur health. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I hpe the ideal husing in the future shuld have cnvenient transprtatin, livable external envirnment and intelligent husing. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
A. ptentially B. results C. rewards D. sensitive E. survival
F. transmit G. distinguish H. respnding I. develped J. cnscius K. rapidly