2022-2023学年江苏省常州市高三上学期期中英语试题及答案

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省常州市高三上学期期中英语试题及答案，共30页。

第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why des the man need a map?
A. T tur Manchester. B. T find a restaurant. C. T learn abut China.
2. What kind f mask is the man wearing?
A. A N95 mask. B. A clth mask. C. A KF95 mask.
3 What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Mther and sn. C. Clleagues.
4. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Pleased. B. Tuched. C. Anxius.
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A vide. B. A singer. C. A prgram.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In an ffice. B. In a restaurant. C. Over the phne.
7. What will the man d tmrrw mrning?
A. Deliver a suit. B. Attend a meeting. C. Pick up smene.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the wman’s plan fr tnight?
A. Learning t bake. B. Reviewing fr a test. C. Attending a party.
9. What dessert des the wman like best?
A. Tea ice cream. B. Banana cupcakes. C. Strawberry pancakes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Satisfied. B. Unhappy. C. Excited.
11. What des the wman prbably d?
A She’s a lawyer, B. She’s a dctr. C. She’s a salespersn.
12. When will the wman take her hliday?
A. In the summer. B. In the fall. C. In the winter.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the wman ding?
A. Hsting a shw. B. Giving a lecture. C. Having a class.
14. Hw did Steven’s mther influence him?
A. By sending him t petry classes.
B. By teaching him t write business plans.
C. By asking hm t read frm early childhd.
15. What des Steven find mst difficult in writing?
A. Finding the right wrds.
B. Chsing a suitable tpic.
C. Describing real experiences.
16. What is Steven’s pinin n his wn writing?
A. Creative. B. Successful. C. Encuraging.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the rate f the average glbal temperature increase?
A. 0.15 t 0.20°C per year.
B. 0.15 t 0.20°C every five years.
C. 0.15 t 0.20°C per decade.
18. At what average temperature will cral reefs begin t die?
A. 35°C. B. 37°C. C. 38°C.
19 What will happen if the average temperature reaches 39°C t 41°C?
A. Sunflwers wn’t survive anymre.
B. Mst cuntries will be drwned.
C. Sea animals will die massively.
20. What des the speaker mean in the end?
A. We shuld make sme changes.
B. We have lst ur last chance.
C. We can stp glbal warming.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hme / Infrmatin / Payment methds / Finnair flight gift card
Finnair flight gift card
Please nte that Finnair flight gift cards are currently nt available fr purchase. If yu have an expiring flight gift card with sme balance left, its validity is extended until 31 December 2022 due t the situatin caused by COVID-19.
If yu have received a Finnair flight gift card, pay attentin t the fllwing infrmatin.
●Yu can use the Finnair gift card fr purchasing flight tickets n Finnair.cm and Finnair app.
●Yu can use ne Finnair gift card per bking. It’s nt pssible t cmbine gift cards.
●It is nt pssible t use the Finnair gift card fr award bkings r bkings paid with mney and pints; purchasing travel extras such as seats, meals r extra bags; purchases nbard the flight.
●We issue gift cards in eurs. If yu are departing frm a cuntry that des nt use the eur as its currency, yu must cntact ur custmer service t use gift cards.
●Finnair gift card is nt persnal, s yu can give it t smene else r purchase flights fr thers as well.
●Finnair gift card is valid fr ne year. Please buy yur ticket befre the expiratin date marked n the gift card. Travel date can be later (max 360 days frm the day f the purchase).
●Unused gift cards r a part f them are nt redeemed.
●If yu lse yur Finnair gift card number r the PIN cde, please cntact Finnair Custmer Service using the CHAT. Finnair is nt respnsible fr lst gift cards.
1. What is this ntice fr?
A. Selling gift cards.B. Using a gift card.
C. Changing a gift card.D. Buying a gift card.
2. If a Chinese man has a gift card wrth 800 eurs, what can he d with it?
A. Buy tw tickets wrth 400 eurs each.
B. Cmbine it with anther card fr a ticket f 1000 eurs.
C. Buy a ticket wrth 600 eurs and 200 eurs fr fd.
D. Exchange it fr mney instead f using it fr tickets.
3. Which f the fllwing tickets can a persn buy with a gift card?
A. A ticket fr 1 July 2023.B. A ticket fr 31 December 2024.
C. Extra bags fr himself.D. An award ticket fr his friend.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于芬兰航空航班礼品卡的使用说明。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“If yu have received a Finnair flight gift card, pay attentin t the fllwing infrmatin.(如果您已收到芬兰航空航班礼品卡，请注意以下信息)”可推知，文章是使用礼品卡的通知。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Yu can use the Finnair gift card fr purchasing flight tickets n Finnair.cm and Finnair app.(你可以使用芬兰航空礼品卡在芬兰航空官网和芬兰航空APP上购买机票)”可知，如果一个中国人有一张价值800欧元的礼品卡，他能用它买两张每张400欧元的票。故选A。
3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“If yu have an expiring flight gift card with sme balance left, its validity is extended until 31 December 2022 due t the situatin caused by COVID-19.(如果您的机票礼品卡即将到期，还有一些余额，由于COVID-19造成的情况，其有效期将延长到2022年12月31日。)”和倒数第三段的“●Finnair gift card is valid fr ne year. Please buy yur ticket befre the expiratin date marked n the gift card. Travel date can be later (max 360 days frm the day f the purchase).(芬兰航空礼品卡有效期为一年。请在礼品卡上标明的到期日期之前购买机票。出行日期可晚于卡的到期日期（自购买之日起最长 360 天）。)”可知，礼品卡的有效期被延期到2022年12月31日，而出行日期可以最大延期到从购买日开始算的360天，因此在2023年年底前都有效，因此可以购买2023年7月的票，B超出时间限制，C和D作为award ticket均不能使用礼品卡。故选A。
B
The peny has gained extrardinary supprt in an nline vte t be chsen as China’s natinal flwer. The final result f the pll, initiated by the China Flwer Assciatin, will be unveiled n Friday.
The five days f vting began n Mnday, and an fficial frm the assciatin revealed that the peny has cllected mre than 90 percent f the vtes t date amng 10 ptins.
“We are stepping int the new era and the cuntry is witnessing scial prsperity,” the fficial said. “Peple als have better living cnditins. It is time t have an fficial natinal flwer that can represent ur state image and the natin’s spirit.”
Accrding t the assciatin, China’s natinal flwer shuld meet fur standards: It shuld riginate in China and have a lng histry in many regins; it shuld be beautiful in shape and clr, t represent the Chinese culture and persnality; it shuld have a prfund histrical culture and be widely knwn t the public; and it shuld be extensively used in many fields with a cmpetitive eclgical and ecnmic value that culd benefit the public.
“The peny was the natinal flwer in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). Apart frm rnamental (观赏的) value, it als has been used as a fd and a traditinal Chinese herb, fr which it has strng ecnmic value,” Dng said. “It is widely knwn by Chinese peple. Even my 10-year-ld sn and his classmates in primary schl have vted fr it.”
By Wednesday afternn, nearly 600,000 peple had jined in the discussin n WeChat, with abut 470,000 agreeing that the natinal flwer shuld be nly ne certain flwer.
Amng several clrs being cnsidered, the red peny has gained the greatest supprt frm the public with nearly 30,000 vtes n Sina Weib, fllwed by white and yellw.
Many netizens said they didn’t realize that China has n natinal flwer. In fact, many peple said they had already accepted the peny as the natinal flwer years befre they saw the vte.
4. What is mst prbably this article?
A. An intrductin t a flwer.B. A news reprt abut a vte.
C. An ad fr a flwer.D. A public ntice f a vte.
5. What part f the vting is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The prcedure.B. The standard.C. The reasn.D. The result.
6. What is the authr’s attitude twards peny being chsen as China’s natinal flwer?
A. negativeB. supprtiveC. unclearD. intlerant
7. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Peny leads natinal flwer vting.
B. New era calls fr new natinal flwer.
C. Peny changes natinal flwer standards.
D. Peny represents natin’s image and spirit.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了在中国国花选举投票中，牡丹获得了巨大的支持这一现象。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了牡丹在选举中国国花的投票中获得了异乎寻常的支持，文章对投票的相关细节和牡丹本身作了相关介绍，同时报道了与投票相关的讨论和最新信息，并注明了投票结果最终公布的时间，故本文就是一篇关于选国花的投票的新闻报道；故选B项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第四段“Accrding t the assciatin, China’s natinal flwer shuld meet fur standards: It shuld riginate in China and have a lng histry in many regins; it shuld be beautiful in shape and clr, t represent the Chinese culture and persnality; it shuld have a prfund histrical culture and be widely knwn t the public; and it shuld be extensively used in many fields with a cmpetitive eclgical and ecnmic value that culd benefit the public. (根据该协会的说法，中国的国花应该符合四个标准：它应该起源于中国，在许多地区有悠久的历史；它应该有美丽的形状和颜色，代表中国文化和个性；它应该有深厚的历史文化，为公众所熟知；它应该广泛应用于许多具有竞争性的生态和经济价值的领域，可以造福公众。) ”可知这段是在说选国花的标准；故文章第四段在讲述投票的选择标准部分；故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章可知，文章主要讲述了牡丹在选举中国国花的投票中获得了异乎寻常的支持这一现象，并以数据和引用别人的话来说明实际情况，并未带有个人感情色彩去支持或者反对这个投票情况，也没有其他偏执的态度，故我们不清楚作者对于牡丹被选为国花这一事件的态度；故选C项。
【7题详解】
标题判断题。通读文章可知，文章主要讲述了牡丹在选举中国国花的投票中获得了异乎寻常的支持这一现象，并以数据和引用别人的话来说明了牡丹选票领先于其他花卉这样的实际情况，综上所述，本文就是围绕牡丹领导全国花卉投票这一现象进行阐述的，故选项A适合作为本文标题；故选A项。
C
4 ut f 10 parents and carers are thinking f leaving their careers in classical music due t challenging wrking practices, accrding t a new study by Parents and Carers in Perfrming Arts (PiPA) and Birkbeck, University f Lndn.
The new reprt, titled A Bittersweet Symphny, surveyed 410 participants frm the music industry and cnducted fcus grups and in-depth interviews.
Its findings highlight the struggle that thse in the classical music sectr face when having balance wrk and supprting children, elderly r sick family members.
The study said that self-emplyed wmen - ver 85% f whm have parenting and caring respnsibilities - reprted a pay penalty f £8,000.
Wmen with caring respnsibilities were als fund t be twice as likely t turn dwn wrk due t highly gendered wrk and caregiving structures in classical music.
“There is greater impact n wmen, wh are likely t wrk and earn less, and thse withut scial capital,” the reprt says.
Als highlighted, are the lgistics（后勤）and financial demands arising frm turing and wrking away frm hme, the lack f affrdable, flexible, ad-hc childcare fr wrking musicians, and the lack f supprt mechanisms（机制）within the classical industry.
The reprt calls n industry leaders t create a classical music sectr that wrks fr everyne. It highlights flexible wrking, mre advanced scheduling, and sharing best practice within the industry as key next steps.
PiPA will be bringing tgether a wrking grup cmprising f Black Lives in Music, Help Musicians, Independent Sciety f Musicians, Liverpl Philharmnic, Musicians’ Unin, Phngraphic Perfrmance Limited, Ryal Opera Huse and Scttish Opera t develp a best practice charter（章程）t address the challenges raised by ‘Bittersweet Symphny’.
“Only by re-evaluating established wrking practices, can we begin t deal with wellbeing impacts, inclusin and diversity, and ptential lss f talent,” the reprt says.
“We need t jintly adpt sustainable, cnsidered and flexible practices, HR plicies and prcesses, t address the prblem.”
8. Which aspect f classical music industry des the research fcus n?
A. Ptential lss f its wrkfrce.B. Suggestins n its develpment.
C. Its gendered wrk structures.D. Its lgistics and financial prblems.
9. What d we infer frm the reprt title “A Bittersweet Symphny”?
A. Perfrming a symphny f classical music is a bitter jb.
B. Classical industry is suffering hardships despite its sweetness.
C. The survey was cmpared t a classical symphny.
D. Life is a symphny mixed with bitterness and sweetness.
10. What makes it harder fr wmen t stick with classical music careers?
A. Their inbrn gender disadvantages.
B. High challenges n their perfrmance.
C. The lack f supprt mechanisms in the industry.
D. The lack f flexibility in their career scheduling.
11. What is the key factr in slving the prblem?
A. A wrking grup and a charter.
B. A gender-balanced structure f the industry.
C. Sticking t the established wrking practice.
D. Refrming the current wrking mechanism.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新研究显示，四成的父母和看护人正考虑放弃他们的古典音乐职业，造成这种现象的原因以及解决方法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“4 ut f 10 parents and carers are thinking f leaving their careers in classical music due t challenging wrking practices, accrding t a new study by Parents and Carers in Perfrming Arts (PiPA) and Birkbeck, University f Lndn.(伦敦大学伯克贝克分校和表演艺术家长和看护人员的一项新研究显示，由于工作实践的挑战性，十分之四的父母和看护者正考虑离开古典音乐职业)”可知，大量的古典音乐从业者正在考虑离开，所以调查聚焦于古典音乐行业的劳动力流失这一问题，故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The new reprt, titled A Bittersweet Symphny, surveyed 410 participants frm the music industry and cnducted fcus grups and in-depth interviews.(这份名为《苦乐参半的交响乐》的新报告调查了410名音乐行业参与者，并进行了焦点小组和深度访谈)”，以及第三段“Its findings highlight the struggle that thse in the classical music sectr face when having balance wrk and supprting children, elderly r sick family members.(调查结果突显了古典音乐界人士在平衡工作和照顾孩子、老人或生病的家人时所面临的困难)”可知，这份名叫《苦乐交响曲》的报告强调了古典音乐人士在兼顾工作和抚养儿童、赡养老人或者患病家庭成员时所面临的困境。所以说其苦涩是因为参加这份工作的人很辛苦，工作家庭两头抓。A选项，演出古典交响乐很苦，错误，苦是因为要兼顾两头；B选项，尽管有快乐，但古典音乐行业还是在经历着艰辛，正确；C选项，这个调查被比作交响乐，答非所问，错误；D选项，生活是一场苦忧参半的交响乐，太宽泛了，错误。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段中“Als highlighted, are the lgistics and financial demands arising frm turing and wrking away frm hme, the lack f affrdable, flexible, ad-hc childcare fr wrking musicians, and the lack f supprt mechanisms within the classical industry.(同样突出的是，由于巡演和离家工作而产生的后勤和财务需求，缺乏负担得起的、灵活的、专门为工作的音乐家提供的托儿服务，以及在古典音乐行业内缺乏支持机制)”可知，行业内缺乏支持机制让女性更难坚持古典音乐事业。故选C项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Only by re-evaluating established wrking practices, can we begin t deal with wellbeing impacts, inclusin and diversity, and ptential lss f talent(只有重新评估现有的工作实践，我们才能开始应对对福祉的影响、包容性和多样性，以及潜在的人才流失)”可知，只有改革现行工作机制，才能解决上文问题。故选D项。
D
We urselves, as prducts f an educatinal system, are sufficiently perfect evidence against it. If we think f what we happily might have been, and then f what we are, we cannt but admit the ttal failure r the helpless insufficiency f ur educatin.
Lking back n thse years upn years which we spent in schl, we knw that smething was wrng. If we will remember, we did nt, at the time, exactly apprve f the schl system. Many f us, in fact, went in fr sabtages. Our favrite brand f sabtage was the “withdrawal f efficiency” — in ur case a kind f uncnscius passive resistance. Gd-natured nlkers, such as ur parents r the bard f educatin, might have thught that we were leaning smething all the while; but that’s just where we fled them! There were, f curse, a few f us wh really learned and remembered everything — wh culd state ff-hand, right nw, if anybdy asked us, in what year Nrman the Cnquerr landed in England. But the truble is that s few peple ask us!
There was ne bit f hnesty in ur schling — at its very end. They called that ending a Cmmencement. And s indeed we fund it. Cnfused, unprepared, ut f tuch with the realities, we cmmenced then and there t learn what life is like. We fund it discuraging in a thusand ways; but the thing which struck us at the time mst frcibly was that it was in every respect quite unlike schl. One culd nt cram fr a jb as if it were an examinatin; ne culd nt get in the gd graces f a machine as if it were a teacher; the dcility which wn high “marks” in schl was called lack f riginality in the business wrld, dullness in scial life, stupidity in the realm f lve. We had been quite carefully prepared t g n studying and attending classes and taking examinatins; but the real wrld was nt like that. S, what difference des schling make, t us r t the wrld? And what t us nw are thse victries and humiliatins, the failure r success f schl?
12. What is the purpse f this article?
A. T cmplain abut the educatinal system.
B. T encurage readers t get educated in schl.
C. T discuss abut hw t get gd educatin in schl.
D. T talk abut the relatinship between schl and sciety.
13. What des the underlined wrd “sabtage” in 2nd paragraph mst prbably mean?
A. an uncnscius act f destructinB. the lw ability t be efficient
C. a deliberate strategy f disrespectD. the active resistance t success
14. What des the authr mean by the last sentence f the 2nd paragraph?
A. Nt many understand knwledge learned frm educatin.
B. T much dead knwledge is given t students in schl.
C. Few peple are interested in educatinal questins.
D. The mre questins yu ask the mre truble yu face.
15. What is the main idea f the 3rd paragraph?
A. Cmmencements shuldn’t be carried ut in schls.
B. Schl values are nt cnsistent with utside realities.
C. We have attended t many classes and examinatins.
D. WE shuld be educated n different aspects at schl.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了学校教育制度所存在的诸多问题。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“We urselves, as prducts f an educatinal system, are sufficiently perfect evidence against it. If we think f what we happily might have been, and then f what we are, we cannt but admit the ttal failure r the helpless insufficiency f ur educatin.(我们自己，作为教育制度的产物，就是反对教育制度的充分证据。如果我们回想一下我们本来可以幸福地成为什么样的人，然后再想想我们现在是什么样的人，我们就不得不承认我们所受的教育是彻底的失败或无可奈何的不足)”结合文章主要说明了学校教育制度所存在的诸多问题。可推知，这篇文章的目的是抱怨教育制度。故选A。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“If we will remember, we did nt, at the time, exactly apprve f the schl system.(如果我们还记得的话，在那个时候，我们并不完全赞成学校制度)”以及后文“Our favrite brand f sabtage was the “withdrawal f efficiency” — in ur case a kind f uncnscius passive resistance.(我们最喜欢的破坏方式是“降低效率”——在我们的情况下，这是一种无意识的被动抵抗)”可知，我们并不完全赞成学校制度，所以我们中的许多人都参与了破坏活动，或采取故意不尊重的策略。故画线词意思是“故意的不尊重策略”。故选C。
【14题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第二段中“There were, f curse, a few f us wh really learned and remembered everything — wh culd state ff-hand, right nw, if anybdy asked us, in what year Nrman the Cnquerr landed in England. But the truble is that s few peple ask us!(当然，我们当中也有一些人是真正学会并记住了一切的——如果有人问我们，征服者诺曼是哪一年登陆英国的，他们现在就能脱口而出。但问题是很少有人问我们！)”可推知，即使我们知道征服者诺曼是哪一年登陆英国，但实际上也很少有人问这些问题，说明学校给学生灌输的只是书本上的死知识，故第二段的最后一句话意思是“学校给学生灌输了太多的死知识”。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“There was ne bit f hnesty in ur schling — at its very end. They called that ending a Cmmencement. And s indeed we fund it. Cnfused, unprepared, ut f tuch with the realities, we cmmenced then and there t learn what life is like. We fund it discuraging in a thusand ways; but the thing which struck us at the time mst frcibly was that it was in every respect quite unlike schl. One culd nt cram fr a jb as if it were an examinatin; ne culd nt get in the gd graces f a machine as if it were a teacher; the dcility which wn high “marks” in schl was called lack f riginality in the business wrld, dullness in scial life, stupidity in the realm f lve. We had been quite carefully prepared t g n studying and attending classes and taking examinatins; but the real wrld was nt like that. S, what difference des schling make, t us r t the wrld? And what t us nw are thse victries and humiliatins, the failure r success f schl?(在我们的教育中有一点是诚实的——在学校教育的最后。他们把这样的结束称为毕业典礼。我们确实找到了它。迷茫、毫无准备、脱离现实的我们，从那时起就开始学习生活是什么样子的。我们在很多方面都感到沮丧；但当时给我们最深刻的印象是，它在各方面都与学校截然不同。一份工作不能像考试一样死记硬背；人们无法像获得老师的青睐一样获得机器的青睐；在学校里获得“高分”的温顺，在商界被称为缺乏创意，在社会生活中被称为迟钝，在爱情领域被称为愚蠢。为了继续学习、上课和考试，我们已经做了相当认真的准备；但现实世界并非如此。那么，学校教育对我们或世界有什么不同呢？对我们来说，那些胜利和耻辱，学校的成功或失败又算得了什么呢？)”可知，第三段的主旨是学校价值观与外界现实不一致。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Falling asleep r cming dwn frm anxiety might never be as easy as 1-2-3, but sme experts believe a different set f numbers—4-7-8—cmes much clser t ding the trick.
“What a lt f sleep difficulties are all abut is peple wh struggle t fall asleep because their mind is buzzing,” said Rebecca Rbbins, an instructr in medicine at Harvard Medical Schl.
“____16____ And that’s exactly what we need t d befre we g t bed.”
The 4-7-8 methd desn’t require any equipment r specific setting, but when yu’re initially learning the exercise, yu shuld sit with yur back straight, accrding t Weil. Practicing in a calm, quiet place culd help, said Rbbins. ____17____
During the entire practice, place the tip f yur tngue against the ridge f tissue behind yur upper frnt teeth, as yu’ll be exhaling (呼气) thrugh yur muth arund yur tngue. Then fllw these steps, accrding t Weil:
● Cmpletely exhale thrugh yur muth, making a whsh sund.
● ____18____
● Hld yur breath fr a cunt f seven.
● Exhale thrugh yur muth, making a whsh sund fr a cunt f eight.
● Repeat the prcess three mre times fr a ttal f fur breath cycles.
● Keeping t the rati f fur, then seven and then eight cunts is mre imprtant than the time yu spend n each phase, accrding t Weil.
● “____19____ With practice yu can slw it all dwn and get used t inhaling and exhaling mre and mre deeply,” his website advised.
When yu’re stressed ut, yur sympathetic nervus system (交感神经系统)— respnsible fr yur fight-r-flight respnse — is verly active. This makes yu feel verstimulated and nt ready t relax and transitin int sleep, Rebecca said. “An active sympathetic nervus system can cause a fast heart rate as well as rapid and shallw breathing.”
The 4-7-8 breathing practice can help activate yur parasympathetic nervus system — respnsible fr resting and digesting — which reduces sympathetic activity. ____20____ Activating the parasympathetic system als gives an anxius brain smething t fcus n besides “why am I nt sleeping?” Weil said.
A. Breathe ut sme air fr a cunt f fur.
B. It can put the bdy in a state easier fr restful sleep, he added.
C. Once yu get the hang f it, yu can use the technique while lying in bed.
D. But if yu’re a beginner, yu culd feel a little lightheaded at first, Rebecca said.
E. Clse yur muth and quietly inhale thrugh yur nse t a mental cunt f fur.
F. But exercises like the 4-7-8 technique give yu the pprtunity t practice being at peace.
G. If yu have truble hlding yur breath, speed the exercise up but keep the rati (cnsistent) fr the three phases.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以帮助你入睡的4-7-8呼吸练习法。
【16题详解】
根据下文“And that’s exactly what we need t d befre we g t bed. (这正是我们睡觉前需要做的)”可知，上文介绍的应该是我们睡觉前需要做的事。由此可知，F项“但是像4-7-8技巧这样的练习会让你有机会练习平静。”能够引起下文，4-7-8技巧可以帮助你练习平静，而保持平静正是我们睡觉前需要做的事。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The 4-7-8 methd desn’t require any equipment r specific setting, but when yu’re initially learning the exercise, yu shuld sit with yur back straight, accrding t Weil. Practicing in a calm, quiet place culd help, said Rbbins. (威尔表示，4-7-8的方法不需要任何设备或特定的环境，但当你开始学习这项运动时，你应该坐直背部。罗宾斯说，在一个平静、安静的地方练习可能会有所帮助)”可知，上文告诉我们4-7-8的方法不需要任何设备或特定的环境，在一个平静、安静的地方练习可能会有所帮助。由此可知，C项“一旦你掌握了技巧，你就可以在躺在床上的时候使用这个技巧。”能够承接上文，4-7-8的方法不需要任何设备或特定的环境，一旦你掌握了技巧，躺在床上的时候就可以使用这个技巧。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Cmpletely exhale thrugh yur muth, making a whsh sund. (用嘴完全呼气，发出呼呼声)”可知，上文告诉我们的是4-7-8技巧的操作步骤。由此可知，E项“闭上你的嘴，用鼻子轻轻地吸气，心里数到四。”能够承接上文，首先用嘴完全呼气，然后闭上嘴，用鼻子轻轻地吸气，心里数到四。故选E。
19题详解】
根据下文“With practice yu can slw it all dwn and get used t inhaling and exhaling mre and mre deeply. (通过练习，你可以放慢速度，并习惯于越来越深地吸气和呼气)”可知，下文告诉我们通过练习，可以放慢速度，并习惯于越来越深地吸气和呼气。由此可知，G项“如果你屏住呼吸有困难，加快运动速度，但保持三个阶段的比例（一致）。”能够引起下文，如果你屏住呼吸有困难，加快运动速度，通过练习，就可以放慢速度并习惯于越来越深地吸气和呼气，“speed the exercise up”与“slw it all dwn”呼应。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The 4-7-8 breathing practice can help activate yur parasympathetic nervus system — respnsible fr resting and digesting — which reduces sympathetic activity. (4-7-8呼吸练习可以帮助激活你的副交感神经系统——负责休息和消化——从而减少交感神经活动)”可知，上文告诉我们4-7-8呼吸练习可以帮助减少交感神经活动。由此可知，B项“他补充道，它可以使身体处于更容易入睡的状态。”能够承接上文，4-7-8呼吸练习可以帮助减少交感神经活动，从而使身体处于更容易入睡的状态。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Charlie Plumb was a Navy jet pilt. On his 75th missin, his fighter was destryed by a missile and be was frced t ____21____. The nly thing between him and ____22____ was his parachute (降落伞) that he prayed wuld pen. The parachute did pen and Charlie made it dwn t the grund, but he was ____23____ and spent 6 years in a prisn camp.
One day, 15 years later, Charlie was sitting in a restaurant when he ____24____ tw tables ver was this guy wh kept lking at him. Charlie lked back but didn’t ____25____ him. Finally the guy walked ver t Charlie’s table and said, “Yu’re Captain Plumb. Yu flew jet fighters in the war. Yu ____26____ frm the aircraft carrier (航母) Kitty Hawk, yu parachuted int enemy territry …”
Astnished, Charlie asked, “Hw did yu knw?” The man laughed and said, “Because I ____27____ yur parachute.”
Charlie was ____28____. The man grabbed Charlie’s hand and said, “I guess it wrked,” and walked ff.
Charlie lay awake that night, thinking abut all the times he had walked thrugh the lng narrw rm f the ____29____, with the tables where the men packed the parachutes. He wndered hw many times he must have walked past this man ____30____ saying “hi,” r “gd jb” r “I ____31____ what yu d.”
Think abut this fr yurself. Hw many times in life d yu ____32____ the peple wh help yu ut the mst? The peple wh cme ut f the ____33____ crners f yur life just when yu need them the mst? The peple wh g the ____34____ mile, the peple wh dn’t lk fr the ____35____ r the achievement medal r even the bnus check — the flks wh are just ut there packing parachutes?
21. A. stpB. escapeC. jumpD. uphld
22. A. deathB. faithC. curageD. cnfidence
23. A. prtectedB. seizedC. deniedD. admitted
24. A. nticedB. facedC. witnessedD. accepted
25. A. appreciateB. discverC. acknwledgeD. recgnize
26. A. fellB. cllapsedC. launchedD. bunded
27. A. cllectedB. packedC. unlckedD. shifted
28. A. embarrassedB. ashamedC. mtinlessD. speechless
29. A. prisn campB. restaurant rmC. aircraft carrierD. enemy territry
30. A. whileB. withutC. byD. befre
31 A. knwB. nticeC. rememberD. appreciate
32. A. passB. saveC. testD. cheat
33. A. darkB. farC. smallD. secret
34. A. requiredB. mistakenC. regularD. extra
35. A. trubleB. beautyC. praiseD. cmfrt
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Charlie Plumb遇到给他打包降落伞的人，从而思考你有多少次与帮助你最多的人擦肩而过。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他第75次执行任务时，他的战斗机被一枚导弹击毁，他被迫跳伞。A. stp停止；B. escape逃跑；C. jump跳伞；D. uphld维护。根据前文“his fighter was destryed by a missile”可知，Charlie的战斗机被一枚导弹击毁，所以他被迫跳伞。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他和死亡之间唯一的东西就是他的降落伞，他祈祷降落伞会打开。A. death死亡；B. faith信心；C. curage勇气；D. cnfidence信心。根据后文“his fighter was destryed by a missile and be was frced t 1 .”可知，Charlie被迫跳伞，所以是在他和死亡之间。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：降落伞确实打开了，查理成功降落到地面，但他被抓住了，在战俘营里度过了6年。A. prtected防护；B. seized抓住；C. denied否认；D. admitted承认。根据后文“spent 6 years in a prisn camp”可知，他在战俘营度过了6年，所以他被抓住了。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：15年后的一天，查理坐在一家餐馆里，突然注意到隔着两桌的那个人一直在看他。A. nticed注意到；B. faced面对；C. witnessed目击；D. accepted接受。根据后文“Charlie lked back”可知，是Charlie注意到有人往他这看，所以他回去。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：查理回头看了看，但没认出他来。A. appreciate感激；B. discver发现；C. acknwledge承认；D. recgnize认出。根据前文“Charlie lked back”可知，Charlie注意到有人往他这看，他也看过去，根据句中的but，表转折，可推知，但是Charlie不认识他。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你从小鹰号航空母舰上起飞，跳伞进入敌方领土。A. fell摔倒；B. cllapsed倒塌；C. launched发动；D. bunded跳跃着跑。根据前文“Charlie Plumb was a Navy jet pilt.”可知Charlie是一名海军喷气机飞行员，所以是从航母上起飞。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我给你装了降落伞。A. cllected收集；B. packed包装；C. unlcked揭开；D. shifted转移。根据后文“the men packed the parachutes.”可知，此处是打包降落伞。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：查理无言以对。A. embarrassed尴尬；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. mtinless静止的；D. speechless说不出话的。根据后文“The man grabbed Charlie’s hand and said, “I guess it wrked,” and walked ff.”可知一直是那个男人在说话，所以Charlie没有说话。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词组辨析。句意：那天晚上，查理躺在床上睡不着觉，回想着他走过航母那间又长又窄的房间时的情景。房间里有许多桌子，人们在那里装降落伞。A. prisn camp战俘营；B. restaurant rm餐厅；C. aircraft carrier航空母舰；D. enemy territry敌属领地。根据前文“Yu 6 frm the aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk”可知，Charlie是在航母上开飞机，所以此处是走过航母那间又长又窄的房间。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：他不知道自己有多少次从这个人身边走过，却没有说声“嗨”、“干得好”或“我感谢你所做的一切”。A. while直至；B. withut没有；C. by靠近；D. befre之前。根据前文“He wndered hw many times he must have walked past this man”根据常识可知，是指他路过这个人多次，却没有说任何话。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不知道自己有多少次从这个人身边走过，却没有说声“嗨”、“干得好”或“我感谢你所做的一切”。A. knw知道；B. ntice注意到；C. remember记起；D. appreciate感谢。根据前文“saying “hi,” r “gd jb””可知，此处是排比句，空处表达意思可前面相同，所以是感谢你所做的。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在生活中，你有多少次与帮助你最多的人擦肩而过？A. pass走过；B. save挽救；C. test测验；D. cheat欺骗。根据前文“He wndered hw many times he must have walked past this man”可知，此处是指路过帮助你的人之意。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些在你最需要他们的时候，从你生命中最遥远的角落走出来的人？A. dark黑暗的；B. far遥远的；C. small小的；D. secret秘密的。分析本段句子可知，此处是排比句，表示的都是在生命中帮助你，但是默默无闻的人，所以结合选项，知far crner f yur life表示人生中的遥远角落，其实就是帮助过你但你从未发现过的人。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些付出额外努力的人，那些不求表扬、不求成就奖章甚至不求奖金的人——那些只是在外面打包降落伞的人？A. required要求的；B. mistaken错误的；C. regular照常的；D. extra额外的。分析本段句子可知，此处是排比句，表示的都是在生命中帮助你，但是默默无闻的人，所以结合选项，知extra mile表示那些每次都在额外的距离（指非常远的距离），也就是在中心以外、默默无闻的人。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词组辨析。句意：那些付出额外努力的人，那些不求表扬、不求成就奖章甚至不求奖金的人——那些只是在外面打包降落伞的人？A. truble麻烦；B. beauty美丽；C. praise表扬；D. cmfrt安慰。根据后文“the achievement medal r even the bnus check”中的r可知，空处与后文奖章，奖金并列，所以C项表扬符合。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hansn, is ne f many prfessinal artists whse wrk was included in the data set used t train Stable Diffusin, a ppular ____36____ publicly available pen-surce AI image generatin tl. She’s ne f several artists interviewed ____37____ were unhappy t learn that pictures f their wrk were used withut smene ____38____ (infrm) them, asking fr cnsent, r paying fr their use.
Once available nly t a select grup f tech insiders, text-t-image AI systems are becming increasingly ppular and ____39____ (pwer). These systems include Stable Diffusin, frm a cmpany that recently raised mre than $100 millin in funding, and DALL-E, frm a cmpany that has raised $1 billin ____40____ nw.
In just mnths, millins f peple ____41____ (enter) text-t-image AI systems and they are already being used t create experimental films, magazine cvers and images t illustrate news stries. An image ____42____ (generate) with an AI system called Midjurney recently wn an art cmpetitin at the Clrad State Fair, and caused ____43____ uprar (怨愤) amng artists.
But as artists like Hansn have discvered that their wrk is being used t train AI, it raises an even mre fundamental cncern: that their wn art is ____44____ (effective) being used t train a cmputer prgram that culd ne day cut int their livelihds. Anyne wh generates images with systems such as Stable Diffusin r DALL-E can then sell them.
“I dn’t want t participate at all in the machine that’s ging t _____45_____ (cheap) what I d,” said Daniel Danger, an illustratr and print maker wh learned a number f his wrks were used t train Stable Diffusin.
【答案】36. and
37. wh##that
38. infrming
39. pwerful
40. by##until##till
41. have entered
42. generated
43. an 44. effectively
45. cheapen
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了许多艺术家的作品被用于训练Stable Diffusin的数据集中，因为在没有被通知、征求同意和付费的情况下被使用，这些艺术家们感到很不高兴，甚至引起怨愤。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：Hansn是众多专业艺术家之一，他们的作品被包括在用于训练Stable Diffusin的数据集中，Stable Diffusin是一个流行的和可公开利用的开源AI图像生成工具。分析句子可知，ppular和publicly available都是描述tl特点的并列内容，表示“和”，用and符合题意；故填and。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她是几位接受采访的艺术家之一，他们得知自己作品的照片在没有人通知、征求同意或付费的情况下被使用，感到很不高兴。分析句子可知，本句是限定性定语从句，空处是引导词，在从句中作主语，指人，可用wh或that来引导；故填wh或that。
【38题详解】
考查with复合结构。句意：她是几位接受采访的艺术家之一，他们得知自己作品的照片在没有人通知、征求同意或付费的情况下被使用，感到很不高兴。本处是with复合结构，本句表示的动作在当时看来已是一种在持续的状态，可用with+名词+现在分词结构；根据英文提示，故填infrming。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：文本到图像的人工智能系统曾经只有一小部分技术内部人士才能使用，现在它正变得越来越流行和强大。分析句子可知，空处缺形容词作表语，与系动词becme构成系表结构；根据英文提示，故填pwerful。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些系统包括一家最近筹集了超过1亿美元资金的公司提供的Stable Diffusin，以及一家目前已经筹集了10亿美元资金的公司提供的DALL-E系统。分析句意可知本处表示“到目前为止”，可用by nw或until nw或till nw；故填by或until或till。
【41题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：在短短几个月里，数以百万计的人已经进入了文本到图像的人工智能系统，它们已经被用于制作实验电影、杂志封面和新闻报道的图片。本处表述的事情从过去某一时刻开始到现在一直都在发生，应用现在完成时；根据英文提示，故填have entered。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：最近，一个名为Midjurney的人工智能系统生成的图像在科罗拉多州博览会上赢得了一场艺术比赛，并在艺术家中引起了怨愤。分析可知本句已有谓语，空处用非谓语，image与generate之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语；故填generated。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最近，一个名为Midjurney的人工智能系统生成的图像在科罗拉多州博览会上赢得了一场艺术比赛，并在艺术家中引起了一片怨愤。分析句子可知，空处表示“一片怨愤”，且uprar的读音以元音音素开头，可在uprar前加不定冠词an；故填an。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：但当像Hansn这样的艺术家发现他们的作品正在被用来训练人工智能时，这引发了一个更根本的担忧：他们自己的艺术实际上正在被用来训练一个电脑程序，而这个程序有一天可能会影响他们的生计。分析句子可知空处缺副词作状语，修饰动词use；根据英文提示，故填effectively。
【45题详解】
考查动词。句意：“我根本不想参与到这台将会让我做的事情变得廉价的机器中，”插画师兼印刷师Daniel Danger说，他了解到自己的许多作品被用来训练Stable Diffusin。分析句子可知，本处表示“将会使……变得廉价”，用be ging t+动词原形结构来表示即将发生的动作或状态；结合英文提示，表示“降低……的价值”可用动词cheapen；故填cheapen。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，上周日你参加了学校组织的一场志愿者活动。请写一篇文章向校英文报投稿，内容包括：
1.所作所为；2.参与动因； 3.参与感受。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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【答案】 Last Sunday, I participated in a vlunteer activity rganized by the schl. In rder t beautify ur city and prmte peple’s awareness f envirnmental prtectin, the vlunteers frm ur schl did smething very meaningful.
We started a campaign t clean up the wastes arund the City Park. We went int actin the mment we arrived there by bus. We picked up the plastic bags and bttles in the bushes arund the lake and cleaned the benches and gym equipment with wet twels. Meanwhile, sme f us handed ut brchures t the passers-by, telling them abut the benefits f garbage-srting.
Tired as we were, we all felt happy, thinking that we had made cntributins t ur beautiful city.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇文章向校英文报投稿，介绍自己上周日参加的志愿者活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→take part in
有意义的：meaningful→significant
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
高兴的：happy→pleased
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last Sunday, I participated in a vlunteer activity rganized by the schl.
拓展句：Last Sunday, I participated in a vlunteer activity which was rganized by the schl.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We went int actin the mment we arrived there by bus.（运用了the mment引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Tired as we were, we all felt happy, thinking that we had made cntributins t ur beautiful city.（运用了as引导的让步状语从句和that引导的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Pinty Tailr was a little by wh enjyed ging t schl and ding all srts f things, except fr art and writing. Using brushes and pencils did nt cme easy t Pinty, s his wrks f art did nt end happily, and he wuld just give up in disgust. But ne day Pinty fund a pencil f such lvely clurs that he culd nt resist, and he tried drawing a circle. As ever, it did nt g well, and he was abut t thrw the pencil away when his drawing began t speak t him. “Psst! Yu aren’t ging t leave me like this, are yu? Cme n, the least yu can d is draw me a pair f eyes!” said the drawing. Pinty was understandably shcked, but he managed t draw tw little spts inside the circle. “Much better, nw I can see myself,” said the circle, lking arund at itself… “Arghh! But what have yu dne t me?!” “I dn’t draw very well,” said Pinty, trying t make excuses. “OK, n prblem,” the drawing interrupted him, “I’m sure that if yu try again yu’ll d better. G n, rub me ut!” S Pinty erased the circle and drew anther ne. Like the first ne, it was nt very rund. “Hey! Yu frgt the eyes again!” “Oh, yeah.” “Hmmm, I think I’m ging t have t teach yu hw t draw until yu can d me well,” said the circle with its quick, high-pitched little vice. T Pinty, wh remained almst paralysed with shck, this did nt seem like a bad idea, and he immediately fund himself drawing and erasing circles. The circle wuld nt stp saying “rub this ut, but carefully; it hurts,” r “draw me sme hair, quickly, I lk like a lllipp (棒棒糖)!” and ther funny remarks.
After spending nearly the whle afternn tgether, Pinty culd already draw the little figure much better than mst f his classmates culd have. He was enjying it s much that he did nt want t stp drawing with this crazy new teacher f his. Befre ging t bed that night, Pinty gave his new instructr a hearty “thank yu” fr having taught him hw t draw s well.
Para 1 The next mrning Pinty jumped ut f bed and went running t find his pencil, but it was nt there.
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Para 2 He realised that the crazy little teacher had been right.
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【答案】Para 1
The next mrning Pinty jumped ut f bed and went running t find his pencil, but it was nt there. He searched everywhere, but there was n sign f it. Pinty began t wrry, and he did nt knw if he had really spent the previus afternn talking with the little man r whether he had dreamt the whle thing. S, t try t settle the matter, he tk a pencil and sme paper and tried t draw a little man. It turned ut nt bad at all, except fr a cuple f jagged lines. He imagined his bssy little teacher telling him t rund ut thse edges, and that it lked like he was trying t give him spts. Pinty gladly rubbed ut thse bits and redrew them.
Para 2
He realised that the crazy little teacher had been right: it made n difference whether yu had the magic pencil r nt; t manage t d things, yu nly needed t keep trying and t enjy ding s. Frm that day n, whenever Pinty tried t draw r paint, r d anything else, he always had fun imagining the result f his wrk prtesting t him and saying ‘Cme n, my friend, d me a bit better than that! I can’t g t the party lking like this!’ The curage t accept yur wn weaknesses and make effrts t imprve is all that matters.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Pinty Tailr是一个小男孩，他喜欢上学，做各种各样的事情，除了画画。但有一天，Pinty发现了一支颜色如此可爱的铅笔，他忍不住画了一个圆圈。和以往一样，这并不顺利，他正要把铅笔扔掉，这时他的画开始对他说话了。它引导Pinty画了一个下午，画出了相对漂亮的小人。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，Pinty跳下床，跑去找他的铅笔，但铅笔不在那里。”可知，第一段可描写Pinty发现纸上什么都没有，Pinty的担心以及Pinty想起“老师”的话努力作画。
②由第二段首句内容“他意识到那个疯狂的小老师是对的。”可知第二段可描写Pinty的感悟，这件事对Pinty的影响以及他从中学到的东西。
2.续写线索：没找到铅笔——开始担心——开始作画——想起了“老师”所说的话——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①搜寻：search/seek
②解决：settle/srt ut
③成功做某事：manage t d sth./succeed in ding sth.
情绪类
①担心：wrry/be anxius
②快乐地：gladly/delightedly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Pinty began t wrry, and he did nt knw if he had really spent the previus afternn talking with the little man r whether he had dreamt the whle thing. (使用了if引导宾语从句，动名词作宾语，whether引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] The curage t accept yur wn weaknesses and make effrts t imprve is all that matters. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句)