Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake讲义 人教版初中英语八年级上册

这是一份Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake讲义 人教版初中英语八年级上册，共28页。
人教版初中英语八上Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?单词背诵1. 摇动；抖动___________2. 奶昔___________3. 食物搅拌器___________4. 接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开___________5. 剥皮___________6. 倒出___________7. 酸奶___________8. 蜂蜜___________9. 西瓜___________10. 勺；调羹___________11. 锅___________12. 增加；添加___________13. 最后；最终________14. 食盐___________15. 食糖___________16. 奶酪；干酪_______17. 爆米花___________18. 玉米；谷物_______19. 机器；机械装置___________20. 挖（土）；掘___________21. 洞；孔；坑___________22. 三明治___________23. 黄油；奶油___________24. 火鸡___________25. 生菜；莴苣_______26. 片；块；段___________27. 感恩节___________28. 传统的___________29. 秋天；秋季________30. 旅行者；漂泊者；游客___________31. 英格兰___________32. 庆祝___________33. 混合；n混合配料__________34. 柿子椒；胡椒粉__________35. 充满_________36. 烤箱；烤炉___________37. 盘子；碟子___________38. 覆盖；遮盖；n覆盖物；盖子___________39. （调味）肉汁___________40. 接待服务；提供__________41. 温度；气温；体温___________      Section A重点单词shake摇动抖动 pour倒出；倾倒 yogurt酸奶 honey 蜂蜜 watermelon西瓜spoon勺；调羹 add 增加；添加 finally最后；最终 salt 食盐 sugar 食糖cheese干酪；奶酪 corn玉米；谷物 machine机器；机械装置 dig掘（地）;凿（洞）;挖（土） hole洞；孔；坑重点短语milk shake奶昔 on Saturday在星期六 pour...into...将……倒入......cut up 切碎 put...into...把……放入...... one cup of yogurt一杯酸奶good idea好主意 one more thing还有一件事turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）;打开重点句型1.Turn on the blender.打开食物搅拌器。2. Pour the milk into the blender.将牛奶倒入食物搅拌器。3.How do you make a banana milk shake?你怎样做香蕉奶昔？4.How many bananas do we need?我们需要多少香蕉？5.How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？6.We need one cup of yogurt.我们需要一杯酸奶。7. Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for another minutes.然后，加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮10分钟。8.Do you know how to plant a tree?你知道怎样种树吗？Section B重点单词butter黄油；奶油 sandwich夹心面包片；三明治 piece片；块；段traditional传统的；惯例的 autumn 秋天；秋季 traveler漂泊者；旅行者；游客England 英格兰 celebrate庆祝；庆贺 mix混合配料；(使）混合；融合pepper 胡椒粉；柿子椒 fill(使）充满；装满 plate盘子；碟子cover遮盖；覆盖；覆盖物；盖子 serve接待；服务；提供 temperature温度；气温；体温重点短语a piece of...一片/张/段/首...... cover...with...用……覆盖...... at this time在这时a long time 很长时间 fill...with...用……装满...... one by one 一个接一个；逐个；依次 a few一些；几个重点句型1. These days, most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family.现在，大多数美国人仍然以在家和家人一起吃大餐的方式来庆祝这种感恩的想法。2. Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.接下来，用这种面包混合配料装满火鸡。3. Then, put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it for a few hours.然后，将火鸡放入一个热烤箱中，烤几个小时。4. When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.当火鸡烤好时，将火鸡放在一个大盘子里并且把肉汁覆盖在上面。Section A 知识点精析1.Turn on the blender.打开食物搅拌器。要点精析1这是一个祈使句。祈使句用来表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称you,但往往可以省略。祈使句的谓语用动词原形。否定的祈使句通常用don't开头。例：Come and look at the picture.来看看这幅图画。Don't eat anything in class.不要在课堂上吃东西。要点精析2turn on 意为“打开；接通（电流、煤气、水等）”，其反义短语为 turn off,意为“关闭；切断（电流、煤气、水等）”。例：Please turn on the radio.请打开收音机。Don't forget to turn off the light.不要忘记关上灯。知识拓展turn on是“动词+副词”结构，这种动词短语接代词作宾语时，代词必须放在这两个词的中间，接名词作宾语时，名词通常放在副词之后，也可放在两词之间。例：Turn it on, please.请把它打开。Turn on the computer.打开电脑。辨析 turn on与openturn on 打开；接通（电源等） 通常指打开水龙头、电灯、电视等电器的开关，其对应短语是turn offopen打开；敞开通常指把关着或封着的门、窗、箱子、盒子等打开，其对应词是close例：Open the door and turn on all the lights.打开门，并打开所有的灯。【助记】与turn相关的短语：turn on 打开 turn off 关闭turn up调高（音量等）turn down调低（音量等）链接中考(四川成都2022中考） Mum wants to watch the CCTV news. Let's_______A.    turn down B. turn on   C. turn off解析：由前句“妈妈想看中国中央电视台的新闻”可知，后句为“让我们打开电视吧”。故选B。2. Pour the milk into the blender. 将牛奶倒入食物搅拌器。要点精析pour...into...意为“将……倒人……”。into为介词，意为“到……里面进入”。例：Please pour the water into the bowl.请把水倒入碗中。知识拓展①into意为“到……里面；进入”，是表示动态的介词；in意为“在……内”，是表示静态的介词。例：She walked into the room.她走进了房间。She is walking in the room.她正在房间里走来走去。②在put,throw,break,fall等动词之后，既可以用in,也可以用into,这时in也表示动态，常含有into的意思。例：He put all the books in/into the bag.他把所有的书都放进了书包里。③in可以用作副词，into则不能。例：Come in!进来！3.How do you make a banana milk shake?你怎样做香蕉奶昔？要点精析这是一个特殊疑问句，疑问词how意为“怎样，如何”，用于对做某事的方法、方式、途径及程度等进行提问。例：How do you run the machine?你怎样操作这台机器？链接中考(2023中考模拟）This photo often makes me _______of my teachers in the primary school.A. think  B.to think C. thinks D. thinking解析：句意为“这张照片经常使我想起我小学的老师们”。make sb.do sth.意为“使某人做某事”，故选A。4.How many bananas do we need?我们需要多少香蕉？要点精析need 此处用作实义动词，意为“需要”，其后可接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。例：I need an apple.我需要一个苹果。She needs to have a try.她需要试一下。知识拓展need作情态动词，意为“需要”，一般用于否定句或疑问句中。后面必须接动词原形。例：All you need bring are sheets.你需要带的就是床单。【注意】由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't或don't/doesn't have to.例：-Must I go now?我现在必须走吗？-Yes, you must. , you needn't/don't have to.是的，你必须走。/不，你不必走。5.How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？要点精析how much 此处意为”多少“。例：How much milk do you need?你需要多少牛奶？辨析how much与how manyhow much 多少提问数量，后接不可数名词；多少钱 提问价格how many 多少 提问数量，后接可数名词复数例：-How much water do you want?你想要多少水？-Two bottles.两瓶。-How much are your shoes?你的鞋子多少钱？-80 yuan.80元。-How many books do you have?你有多少本书？-Ten.10本。链接中考(贵州贵阳2022中考）"Lily, let's make vegetable salad. How many ___do we need?" One is enough."A. oranges  B. potato C.tomatoes解析：由前句中的关键词语 vegetable salad“蔬菜沙拉”可知应选择蔬菜，而oranges(橙子）为水果，故排除A项；how many“多少”后接可数名词的复数形式，用来提问数量，故选C。6.We need one cup of yogurt.我们需要一杯酸奶。要点精析one cup of yogurt意为“一杯酸奶”。“基数词/不定冠词+表示计量单位的名词+of”可以用来表示数量，修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数。例：a cup of tea一杯茶three bags of salt 三袋盐链接中考(甘肃兰州2022中考）I paid ￥10 for this morning.A.4 bottle milks  B.4 bottles of milk C.4 bottles of milks   D.4 milk解析：“四瓶牛奶”的正确表达为four/4 bottles of milk,故选B。7. Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for another10minutes.然后，加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮10分钟。要点精析another 10 minutes的意思是“另外10分钟”。“another+基数词+名词”表示“又……，再……”，相当于“基数词+more+名词复数”。例：The doctor worked for another two hours after twelve o'clock.= The doctor worked for two more hours after twelve o'clock.医生十二点之后又工作了两个小时。8.Do you know how to plant a tree?你知道怎样种树吗？要点精析how to plant a tree是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作谓语动词know的宾语。“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。例：When to start is a problem.何时动身是个问题。（作主语）The farmer taught us how to plant rice.农民教我们怎样种水稻。（作宾语）The question was where to go.问题在于去哪里。（作表语）知识拓展“疑问词+动词不定式”的常见考点：①“疑问词+动词不定式”的同义转换。例：I don't know what to do. -I don't know what I should do.我不知道做什么。②动词后面是否加介词。例：I didn't decide which room to live in.我没有决定住哪个房间。I didn't decide where to live.我没有决定住在哪儿。③动词后面是否需要宾语。例：I don't know what to do.我不知道做什么。I don't know how to do it.我不知道怎样做它。链接中考(重庆2022中考）-Do you know_______?-Let me see. I remember it was on March18th.A. why did they move here  B. why they moved hereC. when did they move here  D. when they moved here解析：宾语从句用陈述语序；由答语后句“我记得是在3月18日”可知，此处提问时间。故选D。Section B知识点精析1. ... is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn.……是一个感恩秋季获得食物的时刻。要点精析1动词不定式短语 to give thanks for food in the autumn 在句中作定语，修饰前面的名词time。动词不定式（短语）作定语时，常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，作后置定语。例：The next train to arrive is from Qingdao.下一列到站的火车是从青岛开来的。小贴士当动词不定式中的动词和被修饰的是动宾关系，并且该动词是不及物动词时，其后应加上适当的介词。例：Lisa has a letter to write.莉萨有一封信要写。（write在句中作及物动词）Lisa has no pen to write with.莉萨没有钢笔去写。（write在句中作不及物动词）要点精析2autumn意为“秋天；秋季”。例：There are four seasons in a year. They are spring, summer, autumn and winter.一年有四个季节。它们是春天、夏天、秋天和冬天。【注意】fall和autumn都是“秋天；秋季”的意思，在美式英语中常用fall表示“秋天”，在英式英语中常用 autumn表示“秋天”。2. These days, most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family.现在，大多数美国人仍然以在家和家人一起吃大餐的方式来庆祝这种感恩的想法。要点精析1celebrate动词，意为“庆祝；庆贺”。例：How do you usually celebrate Thanksgiving?你们通常怎样庆祝感恩节？知识拓展①celebrate作动词，意为“庆祝”，接宾语时是及物动词，无宾语时是不及物动词。它的过去式和过去分词都是在词尾加-d。②celebration名词，意为“庆祝，祝贺；庆祝会，庆祝活动”。③celebrated 形容词，意为“著名的，闻名的”。要点精析2“by+ing形式”意为“通过做某事”。常用来回答How do you..? 或How can1...?等问句。介词by意为“通过……，凭……，以……”，后面常接v-ing形式，表示通过做某事而得到某种结果。例：-How do you learn English?你怎样学英语？-I learn English by listening to English songs.我通过听英文歌曲学习英语。知识拓展by+交通工具 乘/坐……by+时间到…时（为止）;在……以前by+地点在……旁边例：I went to work by bus.我坐公共汽车去工作。I must be in bed by ten o'clock.我必须在10点之前睡觉。They lived by the sea.他们住在海边。链接中考(上海2022中考）More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work________ underground.A.in  B. with   C.by D. for解析：by后可接交通工具，表示“乘；坐”，by underground相当于by subway,故选C。要点精析3have a big meal意为“吃一顿大餐”。例：We shall have a big meal in the open air.我们会在户外吃顿大餐。辨析 meal 与 dinnermeal指的是“一顿饭”，可以是早、中、晚餐中的任何一餐dinner常表示一天中的“正餐”，指一天中最为丰盛的一餐，它既可以是午餐，也可以是晚餐例：People have three meals a day.人们一天吃三顿饭。We usually have dinner at about twelve on Sundays.星期天我们通常在十二点左右吃午饭。3. Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.接下来，用这种面包混合配料装满火鸡。要点精析fill 此处用作及物动词，意为“（使）充满；装满”。fill...with...意为“用……填充/充满……”。例：The boy filled the bottle with sand.那个男孩儿用沙子把瓶子装满了。【助记】动作 fill full 状态   倒空 empty→空的4. Then, put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it for a few hours.然后，将火鸡放入一个热烤箱中，烤几个小时。要点精析a few意为“一些；几个”，修饰可数名词复数，相当于several或some,表示肯定概念。例：I have a few books about pronunciation.我有几本关于发音的书。【助记】few, little有异同，可数或不可数要记清，其前有“a”表肯定，其前无"a""表否定。可数：a few beans有几粒豆子, 肯定 few beans 几乎没有豆子, 否定不可数：a little milk有一点儿牛奶 little milk 几乎没有牛奶【注意】“可不可数”指的是few修饰可数名词，little修饰不可数名词。链接中考(湖北孝感2022中考）Several years ago,people knew _______Yao Ming.But now he is well-known all over the world, not only in China.A.    few B. little C. many D. most解析：few意为“很少的，几乎没有的”，修饰可数名词复数。people为集合名词，由语境可知第一句句意为“几年前，很少有人认识姚明”。故选A。5. When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.当火鸡烤好时，将火鸡放在一个大盘子里并且把肉汁覆盖在上面。要点精析1place 此处用作及物动词，意为“放置；安放”。例：Don't place the bottle near the fire.不要把瓶子放在火附近。知识拓展place还可用作可数名词，意为“地方”。例：There's no place for your books.没有放你的书的地方了。要点精析2cover 此处用作及物动词，意为“覆盖；遮盖”。cover with...意为“用………覆盖";be covered with 意为”被……覆盖“。例：Ann covered her face with her hands.安用双手捂住了脸。The mountain is covered with thick snow all year round.那座山终年覆盖着厚厚的雪。知识拓展cover用作名词时，意为“封面；覆盖物”。例：The cover of the magazine is nice.这本杂志的封面很漂亮。You can use a cover to cover the cup.你可以用一个盖子盖住这个杯子。链接中考(河北2022中考）Please _______the computer with something, or it will get dirty easily.A.    play B. wash C. set D. cover解析：句意：请用东西把电脑盖住，否则电脑会很容易脏。由句意可知选D。课文翻译Section ALanguage Goals: Describe a process: Follow instructions语言目标：描述一个过程；遵循说明(1)the milk shake喝奶昔(2)the milk into the blender 将牛奶倒进食物搅拌器(3)the bananas 切碎香蕉(4)the bananas 剥掉香蕉皮(5) the blender打开食物搅拌器(6)the bananas and ice-cream in the blender把香蕉和冰激凌放进食物搅拌器MILK 牛奶ice cream 冰激凌OFF关ON开2d Role-play the conversation.分角色表演对话。Anna. Sam, I want to make Russian soup for a party on Saturday. Can you tell me how?安娜：萨姆，我想为星期六的聚会制作罗宋汤。你能告诉我怎么做吗？Sam: Sure. First, buy some beef, one cabbage, four carrots, three potatoes, five tomatoes and one onion. Then, cut up the vegetables.萨姆：当然可以。首先，买一些牛肉、一颗卷心菜、四个胡萝卜、三个土豆、五个西红柿和一个洋葱。然后把蔬菜切碎。Anna: What's next? 安娜：下一步是什么？Sam: Next, put the beef, carrots and potatoes into a pot and add some water. After that, cook them for 30 minutes. Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes.萨姆：接下来，把牛肉、胡萝卜和土豆放入锅中，加一些水。之后，把它们煮30分钟。然后，加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮10分钟。Anna: OK, that's it?安娜：好的，这就结束吗？Sam: No, one more thing. Finally, don't forget to add some salt.萨姆：不，还有一件事。最后，不要忘记加一些盐。Grammar FocusHow do you make a banana milk shake?你怎样做香蕉奶昔？First, peel the bananas.首先，剥掉香蕉皮。Next, put the bananas in the blender.接下来，将香蕉放入食物搅拌器。Then, pour the milk into the blender.然后，将牛奶倒入食物搅拌器。Finally, turn on the blender.最后，打开食物搅拌器。Countable nouns可数名词How many bananas do we need? 我们需要多少香蕉？We need three bananas.我们需要三个香蕉。Uncountable nouns不可数名词How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？We need one cup of yogurt.我们需要一杯酸奶。Section B2b Read the article and number the pictures[1-5].读文章并给图片编号[1-5]。Thanksgiving in the United States美国的感恩节In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special holidays. A special day in the United States is Thanksgiving. It is always on the fourth Thursday in November and is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn. At this time, people also remember the first travelers from England who came to live in America about 400 years ago. These travelers had a long, hard winter, and many of them died. In the next autumn, they gave thanks for life and food in their new home. These days, most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family. The main dish of this meal is almost always turkey, a large bird.在大多数国家，人们在特殊的节日里通常会吃传统食物。在美国，感恩节是一个特殊的日子。它总是在11月的第四个星期四，是一个感恩秋季获得食物的时刻。此时，人们也回忆起约400年前从英格兰迁来美洲生活的首批漂泊者。这些漂泊者度过了一个漫长而又艰难的冬天，其中很多人死去了。第二年秋天，他们为在新的家因能够活下来并且获得食物而感恩。现在，大多数美国人仍然以在家和家人一起吃大餐的方式来庆祝这种感思的想法。这顿饭的主菜几手总是火鸡，一种大型的禽类。Making a turkey dinner制作火鸡大餐Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner.这是为感思节大餐制作火鸡的一种方法。First, mix together some bread pieces, onions salt and pepper.首先，将一些面包屑、洋葱、盐和胡椒粉混合在一起。收版Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.接下来，用这种面包混合配料装满火鸡。Then, put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it for a few hours.然后，将火鸡放入一个热烤箱中，烤几个小时。When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.当火鸡烤好时，将火鸡放在一个大盘子里并且把肉汁覆盖在上面。Finally, cut the turkey into thin pieces and eat the meat with vegetables like carrots and potatoes.最后，将火鸡切成薄片，配着胡萝卜和土豆这样的蔬菜一起吃肉词汇精讲1. add作动词，意为“加，增加”，常用以下结构：（1）add…to… 意为“把……加到……”， 例如：    Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了。（2）add to表示“增加；增添”,其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。例如：    Each girl present at the party waswearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.    参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。（3）addup 意为“把……加起来”。例如：    Add up all the numbers and you will seehow much you owe me.    把所有的数字加起来看看你欠我多少。（4）add up to 意为“总计；加起来结果是”。例如：    All the numbers add up to exactly900. 所有数加起来一共900.2. turn on是动副短语，意为“打开”，反义词为turn off，意为“关闭”。例如：    Please turn on the radio. 请打开收音机。    Please turn off the light. 请关灯。【拓展】（1）在英语中，由“动词 + 副词”构成的短语动词的宾语如果是代词，只能放在动词与副词之间；如果是名词，既可以放在它们之间，也可以放在副词之后。turn与off;on; up; down; over搭配均是动副结构。例如：    Please turn the tap off. Don’t turn it on. 请把水龙头关掉，别打开。    Turn on the computer. = Turn thecomputer on. 打开电脑。（2）turnon与open的辨析：turn on通常指打开水龙头、煤气或电灯、电视等电器的开关，其对应词为turn off。open指把关着或封着的门、窗、箱子、盒子等打开，其对应词为close。例如：    I want to watch the football match. Please turn on the TV.    我想看足球比赛，请把电视打开。    Please open the door for me. 请为我开门。（3）与turn相关的短语：    turn up (把音量)调大，调高        turn down (把音量)调小，调低    turn in 上交      turn into使成为；翻译成       turn out关；熄灭（灯、煤气等）    turn to转向  turn over翻转3. cut up意为“切碎”，其同义词组为cut into pieces。Cut up后跟代词作宾语时，代词应放在cut和up之间；接名词作宾语时，名词通常放在up后。例如：    cut it(them) up 把它（它们）切碎        cut up the apple 把那个苹果切碎【拓展】cut意为“切；割”，其过去式和过去分词均为cut，现在分词为cutting。常见搭配：    cut grass 割草      cut one’s finger割伤某人的手指      cut hair 剪发   相关短语：    cutaway砍掉，剪去      cut down （自根部）砍倒      cut in（车辆）超车，抢道；插嘴         cut off停止，中断，切掉    cut out突然熄灭，裁掉，删除4. pour…into…意为“把……倒进……里”，意义相当于put…into…，但pour …into…通常强调倾倒液体；而put…into…既可以放液体，也可以放固体。例如：    He poured the milk into the cup. 他把牛奶倒进杯子里。    You must put them into the blender. 你得把他们放进搅拌器里。【拓展】（1）pour意为“倾倒；灌；浇”。例如：    Please pour me a cup of tea. / Please pour acup of tea for me.     请给我倒杯茶。pour也有“（雨）倾盆而下，下大雨”的意思。例如：    It never rains but it pours.     （谚）屋漏偏遭连阴雨。/ 一波未平，一波又起。（2）in和into的区别：in和into都可表示“在（到）……里面”，有时可以互换，但侧重点不同。in是表示物体位置的静态介词；into是表示动作方向的动态介词，常与表示动作的动词，如come; go; run; rush等连用；当与put; fall; throw等动词连用时，二者可以互换。类似的词有on和onto。例如：    I found him in the classroom. 我在教室里找到了他。    Please help me carry the books into theclassroom.     请帮我把这些书搬到教室里去。5. put …into…put意为“放，放置”，put…into…相当于put…in…意为“把……放进……里”。例如：    He put that book into the box. 他把那本书放进了盒子里。    put…into…还有“把……译成……”的意思。例如：    Put the sentence into English, please. 请把这个句子翻译成英语。【拓展】put的相关短语：put away把……收起来放好   put on穿上      put off推迟，延期          put out熄灭put down放下    putup建造；挂起；举起  put…on…把……放在……上6. first是副词，意为“首先，第一次”，在句中的位置较灵活。例如：    When did you first meet him? 你是什么时候第一次遇见他？【拓展】（1）first作序数词，意为“第一”。例如：    the first month of theyear 一年的第一个月（2）first作形容词，意为“第一流的；最重要的”。例如：    the first man in the country 国家的领袖人物（3）first作名词，意为“最初，首位”。例如：    at first 起初；首先       from first to last自始至终 7. next 的用法：（1）副词，意为“紧接着；随后；下一次；其次”。例如：    When shall we meet next? 下一次我们什么时候见面？（2）作形容词，“下一个的；接下来的；隔壁的；（空间上）最近的“。例如：    Next Sunday  下个星期天        next week 下周      next door 隔壁；邻家      next room 隔壁房间（3）作名词，意为“下一个”。例如：    the year after next 后年      Next，please!  下一位  （4）作介词，意为“在……旁边”。例如：    a seat next the fire  炉子旁边的座位8. finally是副词，多修饰动态动词，位置较灵活，可位于句中、句首或句尾，位于句中时，要放在be动词、助动词和情态动词之后，行为动词之前。例如：    They finally found the lost child.     他们终于找到了丢失的孩子。    He worked out the math problem finally.     他终于解出了那道数学题。【拓展】finally; at last和in the end的辨析：finally强调在列举论点时，引出最后一个内容，有表示盼望已久的事情终于实现了的含义。侧重最后的结果。例如：    They talked about it for hours, finally theydecided not to go.    他们为此讨论了几个小时，最后决定不去了。at last强调经过曲折后才达到目的。表示期待的感情更为强烈。侧重指先后顺序，并且在句中的位置较为灵活。例如：    When they found him at last, he was almostdead.     当他们最终找到他时，他几乎死过去了。in the end在强调经过许多变化、困难之后才达到目的时，与at last的用法一样，且位置较为灵活。但在表示对将来的结局表示预测时，只能用in the end。例如：    He tried many different jobs, and in the endhe became a postman.    他做过许多工作，最后当了一名邮递员。9. fill fill表示“装满，填满”，可用作及物和不及物动词，通常与介词 with 连用。    Everything is filled with new life.  万物充满了生气。    He filled the glass with water. 他把杯子装满了水。【拓展】full 作为形容词，意为“充满的”。例如：    Please tell me the full story.  请将全部情况告诉我。      The train was traveling at full speed.  火车正全速前进。      be full of   意为“充满……的”。例如：    The room is full of young people. 房间里全是年轻人。10. piece（1）piece 可数名词，意为“部件，碎片，一件/个/张”。词组“in pieces”意为“碎片，碎块”，其中的in可以用into替换，更有动感。例如：    The glass broke intopieces. 玻璃杯被打成了碎片。    What happened? Why is my desk in pieces?  发生什么事了?为什么我的桌子散架了？（2）a piece of是piece构成的常用词组，意为“一张、一片、一件”。例如：    There is a piece ofgood news. 有一则好消息。    This is a great piece ofart. 这是一件极好的艺术品。04句式精讲1. 以动词原形开头的祈使句本课中出现的Turn on the blender. / Peel the bananas.等都是祈使句。祈使句是一种表示请求、命令或建议语气的句子。例如：    Speak a little more slowly! (表请求) 说得稍微慢一点！    Go out at once! (表命令) 立刻出去！    Drink some water and have a good rest. (表建议)喝点水，好好休息。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称you，但通常省略，谓语动词用动词原形。祈使句的否定形式多以Don’t + 动词原形构成。在表示客气的请求时，常在句首或句尾加please。例如：    Bequiet, please. 请安静。    Keep your e-mail as short as possible. 电子邮件要尽可能写得简短。    Don’t forget to buy me some milk on your wayback.     回来的路上别忘了给我买些牛奶。    Don’t make the same mistake. 不要犯同样的错误。2. Let’smake fruit salad.（1）本句是一个祈使句，句式为“Let’s do sth.”意为“让我们……吧。”主要用来提出建议和请求, 劝对方一起做，包括听话者在内。它的否定式是“Let’s not do sth.”，意为“让我们不做某事”。例如：    Let’s play games together. 我们一起做游戏吧。    Let’s not tell anyone. 我们谁也别告诉。（2）“Let us do sth.”意为“让/允许我们做某事”，表示提出请求，请对方允许，不包括听话者在内。例如：    Let us go with you, my dear mother.     亲爱的妈妈，让我们和你一起去吧。【拓展】常见的其他表示建议的句式(1) Shall we…? 我们……好吗？例如：    Shall we go out fora walk? 我们一起去散步好吗？(2) How about/What about…? ……怎么样？例如：    How / What aboutlistening to the music? 听音乐怎么样？(3) Why don’t you…? / Why not…? 为什么不……呢？例如：    Why don’t you goswimming? = Why not go swimming?    为什么不去游泳呢？3. how many…与how much…how many和how much都用来对“数量”进行提问，意为“多少”，前者主要用来对可数名词进行提问，后接可数名词复数形式；后者主要用来对不可数名词进行提问，后接不可数名词。另外，how much还可以直接用于询问价格。例如：    －How many books are there on the desk? 桌上有几本书？    －There are five. 有五本。    －How many weeks are there in a year? 一年有多少个星期？    －There are fifty-two. 有五十二个。    －How much is your schoolbag? 你的书包多少钱？    －It’s 100 yuan. 一百元。    －How much milk is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少牛奶？    －There is only a little. 只有一点儿。【注意】how much对价格提问，后接be动词时，be动词是单数形式还是复数形式，取决于be之后的名词。例如：    －How much are the bananas? 这些香蕉多少钱？    －Two yuan a kilo. 两元一公斤。    －How much is the dictionary? 这本字典多少钱？    －Forty yuan. 四十元。4.Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and …本句中的then意为“然后”，是副词，then在句子中常侧重于表示下一个动作“在……之后”，常与and连用，构成“…and then…”。例如：    Open the window, and then look out of it. 打开窗户，然后向外看。【拓展】then常见用法如下：（1）then 作副词，意为“然后、其次、于是”。例如：    First comes spring, then summer. 先春天，后夏天。    He went to England, and then to Germany.    他先到了英国，然后去了德国。（2）then 作副词，意为“那么”。例如：    Then why did you do it? 那么你为什么做这件事呢？    All right then, do what you like. 那好吧，你愿意做什么就做什么。（3）then 作名词，意为“那时“（作介词宾语）。例如：    by then 到那时          from then on 从那以后       since then 从那时起    till then 到那时为止5. How do you make a milk shake?（1）这是一个特殊疑问句。疑问词how意为“怎样，如何”，用以对做某事的方法、方式、途径及动作程度等进行提问，例如：    How does the machinework? 这台机器运转的怎么样？（2）make 在此处意为“做”，后面可以接双宾语（指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语）。通常的结构是：make+间接宾语+直接宾语；make+直接宾语+for+间接宾语。即：    make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb.  例如：    She made us coffee. = She made coffee forus.题目练习一、单项选择 (   )1.Please peel the bananas and ________.A.cut up it    B.cut them up       C.cut it up       D.cut up them.(   )2.---Can you _____a banana milk shake?---Sorry,I can’t.A.do       B.make       C.cook       D.have(   )3.After adding some salt into the soup,cook it for ___10 minutes.A.other       B.another       C.others       D.the other(   )4.The problem is very difficult, but he worked it out____.A.last       B.end       C.final       D.finally(   )5.Now it’s time _____lunch. Let’s go.A.to have      B.have      C.for have      D.has(   )6.Thanksgiving is an important day in_______.A.China      B.Japan      C.America       D.Germany(   )7.Please fill the cup _____some tea and give it to me.A.of       B.with       C.for       D.from(   )8.______the table with a piece of cloth in order not to make it dirty.A.Put       B.Bring       C.Cover       D.Give(   )9.There are ______on the table.A.two cups of yogurt        B. two cup of yogurt  C. a cup of yogurt        D. two cups of yogurts(   )10.I want to watch sports news.Please ____ the TV.A.  turn on      B.turn off      C.turn down      D.turn up(   )11.Add some honey ____the hot tea,please.A.in      B.to      C.for      D.at(   )12There is ____turkey on the plate, could you please get some more for us?A.little       B.a little       C.few       D.a few  (   )13.People celebrate the Mid-Autumn Day(中秋节) by ___ mooncakes under the full moon.A.eating       B.eat       C.to eat       D.eats(   )14. All the ingredients ;（烹调的原料）are in the bowl. Please mix   .A. it up          B. up it          C. up them       D. them  up(   )15. Please turn___ the light when you leave the room.A. off         B. on           C. up           D. down(   )16.How many ________  do we need?A. cups of coffee            B. cups of coffees       C. cup of coffees            D. cups  coffee(   )17. —______ bread would you like?—Three pieces of ________.A. How many, breads      B. How many, breadC. How much, breads      D. How much, bread(   )18. Then cut up ___onion and ___ tomato.A.a, a       B.an , an       C.a, an       D.an, a(   )19. Put some ____ and chicken ____ on the sandwich.A.meat, piece     B. meats, pieces   C. meat, pieces          D. meats, piece(   )20.How ___news did you read last night?A.much       B.many       C.far       D.soon二、完形填空  A:How  1  you make a cheese sandwich?B:Well,  2   put some butter on a piece of bread.A:How  3  butter?    B:About one spoon.A:OK!What else?      B:Next,cut up some tomatoes and  4   lettuce.A:How many tomatoes?B:Maybe two is  5  .Put the tomatoes  6  the sandwich.A:  7  good.  What’s next ?B:Next,put some  8  on the sandwich.A:How much cheese?  B:Not too much,but you can put more if you like.A:OK!I know.Is that all?B:No. Then put some  9  on the cheese.A:It must be delicious！B:Yes!  10  ,put another piece of bread on top.A:Great! (   )1.A.much  B.do  C.does  D./ (   )2.A.first   B.next  C.then   D.last (   )3.A.many  B.much  C.to   D.make (   )4.A.a   B.an   C.two   D.some (   )5.A.bad   B.delicious  C.enough   D.good (   )6.A.on    B. of     C.to     D.out (   )7.A.sound  B.That be   C.Not   D.Sounds (   )8.A.cheeses  B.cheese   C.bread   D.vegetables (   )9.A.cheeses  B.potato   C.lettuce   D.lettuces (   )10.A.First   B.Last    C.Final    D.Finally三、阅读理解(5x1=5分)    Every country has its own way of cooking. American people have their way of cooking, don't they?         Most people in the United States like fast food. But if you think that American people don't like cooking, you are wrong. It's true that most Americans take fast food as their breakfast and lunch. But they also think cooking is interesting. Parents see the importance of teaching their daughters how to cook. And most Americans say that home-cooking meal is the best.    Americans have their own way of cooking. For example, baking (烘烤) is the most popular way of cooking in America. We can see ovens (烤炉) in most American families. American cooks pay attention to the balance of food. In order to plan a big meal, they try to cook meat, a few vegetables, some bread and often some sweet food in different colors on the plate, so the food is healthy and looks beautiful, too.（   ）1. Most Americans _______.A. like home-cooking meal         B. cook food in the morning C. don't like cooking            D. don't like home-cooking meal（   ）2. It's true that most Americans _______.A. take fast food as their dinner    B. only like sweet foodC. cook meat as their breakfast      D. have fast food as their breakfast （   ）3. _______ is the most popular way of cooking in the U.S.A.A. Baking    B. Frying.    C. Boiling     D. Steaming（   ）4. How does a cook make the balance of food in America?A. He tries to cook a lot of meat.  B. He tries to make the food delicious.C. He tries to cook meat, vegetables, bread and sweet food for a big meal. D. He tries to cook a lot of sweet food.（   ）5. Which is right according to the passage?A.The meal looks beautiful because the food on the plate is in different colors.B. American people do not like to cook food at home. C. American parents do not like to teach their children to cook. D. American people don't think home-cooking food is the best. 四．根据句意和首字母提示填空，完成下列句子。(10x1=10)1.Many foreign ___________(旅行者)come to China every year.2.______________(西瓜)are my favorite fruit in summer.They taste so good.3.She doesn’t like pure(纯的)milk,please give her some ____________(酸奶)。4.My friend ____________(提供)us a delicious lunch last Sunday.5.--What did you have for breakfast?--I had some ______________(三明治).They tasted good.6.---When do people c______________ Thanksgiving in America?---On the fourth Thursday in November.7.If you have a cold ,you will go to the doctor and the doctor will take yourt_____  first.8.In a ________,the leaves(叶子）on trees turn yellow.9.English people are from E________   .10.There is a h _________in the window,so I feel a little cold.六、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1.They often give thanks by ___________(have)a big meal at home.2.—What are you doing? I am _________(peel) a banana.3. Put ___________ (they) on the piece of bread ，please.4.Spring Festival (春节)is one of the most important ____________(tradition) festivals in China.5.The boy _________(mix)the chips with some sugar and ate them happily.6. How _______ (many) yogurt do we need?7. Next you need _______ (cut) up three bananas.8.Please enjoy the rice _________(noodle) .9.My brother usually ___________(dig) a hole before he plants a tree.10. ______ (one) peel some pears, then cut them up.七、句型转换. ( 1.Cut up the tomatoes .(变为否定句)________ cut up the tomatoes.2.She needs two spoons of honey.(对划线部分提问)How ________ honey ______she need?3.I would like an apple.(用a tomato 改为选择疑问句)________you like an apple ______a tomato?4.You must turn off the light.(改为祈使句)________ ________ the light ,please.八、根据提示完成句子。(15x1=15分)1.你妈妈需要两盘子蔬菜。Your mother needs two __________ ________ vegetables.2.你能告诉我们怎样用爆米花机吗？Can you tell us         ______use the ___________ _____________?3.为了买到她最喜欢的书，她步行去了书店。_______ ________her favorite bood,she went to the bookstore on foot.4.我的同桌是一个英语很好的聪明的男孩。My desk mate is a clever boy _____ is good at English.5.把鸡蛋、肉和生菜一样一样地放进有热汤的锅里。Put eggs,meat and lettuce in the pot of hot soup,_______ _______ _________.6.这儿有一个为感恩节大餐制作火鸡的途径。Here is one _______ ______ ________turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner.十、 书面表达。(15分)请你把植树的过程写下来，恰当地运用连词，字数60左右。How to plant a tree________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________