2023-2024学年福建省厦门第一中学高一上学期期中英语试卷-含答案

这是一份2023-2024学年福建省厦门第一中学高一上学期期中英语试卷-含答案，共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高一年英语试卷
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why is the play delayed?
A. The main actr hasn’t cme.
B. The electricity has failed.
C. The directr is stuck in a traffic jam
2. What is the wman trying t find?
A. The campus. B. The church. C. The garden.
3. What is the wman ding nw?
A. Leaving fr a hliday. B. Taking a vacatin. C. Eating ut.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. At a htel. B. At an airprt. C. At a hspital.
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A mvie B. A nvel. C. A TV play.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At Jack’s hme. B. At the man’s hme. C. At the wman’s hme.
7. Why will the wman have nly a little cake?
A. She is full. B. She dislikes the cake. C. She is trying t lse weight.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What des the man suggest ding t spend the weekend?
A. Having a barbecue. B. Having a picnic. C. Having a walk.
9. What is the wman in charge f?
A. Buying fd. B. Buying drinks. C. Inviting sme friends.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What d we knw abut the wman’s jb?
A. It is a full-time jb. B. It is a part-time jb. C. It is just t make phne calls.
11. What des the wman think f her jb?
A. It is uninteresting.
B. The bss is very strict.
C. It is a gd chance t learn smething.
12. Why des the wman feel stressed smetimes?
A. She has a lt f wrk t d every day.
B. She meets a lt f different peple every day.
C. She feels it hard t balance study and wrk at the same time.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is wrng with the man’s sn?
A. He has brken his leg. B. He has brken his head. C. He has brken his arm.
14. What is the man’s sn ding nw?
A. Having a rest. B. Taking an X-ray. C. Seeing a dctr.
15. Hw did the man’s sn g t wrk when the accident happened?
A. By car. B. By mtrbike. C. By bike.
16. When did the accident happen?
A. Abut ne hur ag. B. Abut tw hurs ag. C. Abut three hurs ag.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What was the speaker ding when the theft happened?
A. Sleeping. B. Cking meals. C. Listening t music.
18. What did the speaker ntice first in the kitchen when she went dwnstairs?
A. The dr was pened. B. The light was turned n. C. The thief was running ut.
19. Where was the speaker’s vide recrder?
A. On the kitchen table. B. On the kitchen chair. C. On the kitchen flr.
20. What did the speaker wrry abut besides her vide recrder?
A. Her mney. B. Her keys. C. Her fd.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If yu like the idea f being able t read much faster, remember mre easily, and being mre creative, this list f Tny Buzan’s bks might be inspiratinal t get yu started.
Study Skills Handbk
This bk des nt fcus nly n reading efficiency but als cvers the subjects f memry imprvement and mind mapping. It is an abslute must fr students f all ages.
Speed Reading
This ppular bk explains the principles f efficient reading. It allws yu t imprve yur reading and retentin (记忆力) skills immediately. The bk gets right dwn t the practical matter f learning t read fast and remember what yu have read.
The Mind Map Bk
The Mind Map Bk is a grund-breaking wrk n the basics f mind mapping suitable fr everyne and intrduces revlutinary techniques fr planning and nte-taking. It is ne f Tny Buzan’s bks that have taken the wrld by strm, selling mre than 250 millin cpies. This guide will teach yu hw t use yur brain prperly and t maximum effect and additinally cntains numerus practical exercises.
Use Yur Head
Use Yur Head is fr thse f yu that feel as if yu have nt been able t reach yur full ptential. In this bk, Tny Buzan teaches yu hw t think and learn frm all pssible surces f learning. Yu will als increase yur creativity and yur prblem-slving abilities. Use Yur Head has been translated int 27 different languages and is ne f the mst ppular and best-selling Tny Buzan’s bks n every cntinent. Yu will mst certainly gain valuable advice n hw t achieve yur mental ptential fully.
1．Which bk can help students take better ntes?
A．Study Skills Handbk.
B．The Mind Map Bk.
C．Speed Reading.
D．Use Yur Head.
2．What d we knw abut the bk Use Yur Head?
A．It ffers different surces f learning.
B．It is the best-selling bk n every cntinent.
C．It helps slve prblems in different languages.
D．It prvides tips n reaching full mental ptential.
3．What d the fur bks mainly fcus n?
A．Learning mtivatin.B．Daily life skills.
C．Persnal develpment.D．Memry skills.
B
Teens ften find themselves in difficult situatins with friends where they struggle t cmmunicate their needs r their values. Even when their gut(直觉)is telling them that smene is crssing a line, they may struggle t express that the situatin is making them uncmfrtable. Fr this reasn, parents need t wrk with their teens t establish bundaries with thers.
Althugh bundaries are different fr everyne, when dne crrectly, they help teens set limits with thers in rder t prtect themselves. Setting bundaries allws teens t cmmunicate with ther peple abut what is OK and what is nt OK with them and is imprtant t teen friendships.
What are bundaries? Bundaries are limits teens establish in rder t prtect themselves in sme way frm being hurt, manipulated(操纵), r taken advantage f. As an expressin f self-wrth, bundaries let ther peple knw wh they are, what they value, and hw they want t be treated. Additinally, bundaries help t create space between teens and ther peple when they need it.
Learning hw t set bundaries - bth physical and emtinal - is an imprtant part f grwing up. It’s als essential t develping friendships that are respectful, supprtive and healthy.
Unfrtunately, thugh, many teens have truble setting bundaries with their friends; and when this happens, it puts them at risk fr everything frm unhealthy friendships t bullying(霸凌) r abuse.
Of curse, setting bundaries isn’t easy. It’s uncmfrtable and frces a teen t stand up fr themselves. What’s mre, cmmunicating bundaries t ther peple can make fr difficult cnversatins r uncmfrtable situatins. Yet, it’s ne f the mst imprtant things that teens need t learn hw t d.
4．Which f the fllwing best explains “crssing a line” underlined in paragraph 1?
A．Sharing secrets.
B．Keeping in tuch.
C．Behaving prperly.
D．Ging beynd accepted limits.
5．What d bundaries shw abut teens?
A．Their values and self-wrth.
B．Their levels f independence.
C．Their ability t manipulate thers.
D．Their physical and mental health.
6．What des the authr think f setting bundaries?
A．Easy.B．Rewarding.C．Bring.D．Unnecessary.
7．What is prbably talked abut fllwing the last paragraph?
A．The benefits f setting bundaries.
B．The pssible results f breaking bundaries.
C．Strategies fr effectively setting bundaries.
D．The rle f parents in helping teens set bundaries.
C
Andrea Speranza wanted t be a firefighter lng befre she had the right wrd fr her wish. After ne childhd adventure at a cnstructin site ended with an irn nail embedded (嵌入) in her leg and an emergency call t the fire department, she fund herself in awe. “As they gave me the medical treatment, I thught they culd help everybdy and d anything,” says the nw 52-year-ld.
In 2000, Andréa Speranza achieved her dream f becming a firefighter jining the Halifax Reginal Fire Service. Her jb was exactly as satisfying as she imagined it wuld be, except fr ne thing: she still hadn’t seen anther wman in her rle — nt in a magazine, nt n televisin, nt in real life. Speranza decided that she wanted t help yung wmen see that they, t, culd have a career like hers.
The result was Camp Curage, a prgram fr girls aged 15 t 19 wh want t learn mre abut firefighting. In 2006, Speranza and abut 20 vlunteers welcmed their first 17 participants, recruiting (招募) attendees thrugh advertising in schls. Over the curse f eight days, the girls discvered the ins and uts f being first. respnders: learning hw t put ut fires, deliver first aid and even use the jaws f life (救生钳) n a car.
Camp Curage nw runs ne sessin every year in Halifax and is free t attend. T ffset csts, Speranza and her fellw campers fundraise by hlding everything frm car washes t cmedy nights. Hpeful campers must als submit an essay describing hw they plan t help their cmmunity, r a specific individual in need. And they have t deliver n the plan—frm building a bench fr a senir at a bus stp t launching a lcal chapter f the Kids Help Phne.
Hundreds f girls have passed thrugh Camp Curage, and 36 percent are ding exactly what 52-year-ld Speranza hped they wuld: wrking as first respnders acrss the cuntry. This past summer, the camp held its first sessin fr yung wmen in Halifax, as well as its first natinal camp in Calgary with plans t rll ut mre in 2023.
8．What d we knw abut Speranza?
A．She became a firefighter in her fifties.
B．She suffered great pain due t an accident!
C．She helped many yung girls attend schl.
D．She fund her jb as a firefighter undesirable.
9．What inspired Speranza t start Camp Curage?
A．Her family members’ advice.B．Her unrealized ambitins.
C．Grwing scial demands.D．Great lack f female firefighters.
10．Which f the fllwing can best describe Speranza?
A．Intellectual and humrus.B．Curageus and inspiring.
C．Creative and influential.D．Knwledgeable and ambitius.
11．What can we learn frm Speranza’s stry?
A．Custm makes all things easy.
B．The early bird catches the wrm.
C．Nthing is impssible fr a willing heart.
D．A bird in the hand is wrth than tw in the bush.
D
On Saturday 24 August 1918, it was raining cats and dgs and thundering ver a city called Sunderland n the nrtheast cast f England. The strm lasted fr nly abut ten minutes. Peple were surprised t see that it was nt just rainwater falling frm the sky. There were fish falling dwn, t! Peple came ut t find ut what was happening. They culd nt believe their wn eyes. There were thusands f fish—sand eels (沙鳗)—lying n the grund. They were abut seven centimeters lng, and all were frzen slid (冻成硬块).
Sand eels swim tgether in large grups, ften in sandy water, and are ften fund in large numbers in the Nrth Sea, which reaches ut t the east f Sunderland. Hw was it pssible fr these sand eels t fall frm the sky and land n Sunderland?
Scientists believed the heavy thunderstrm that afternn may have caused a watersput (水龙卷). Watersputs can be frmed when strng winds mve quickly in a circle ver water. They are s pwerful that anything less than ne meter in length can be taken int them and frced int the cluds. The cluds carry whatever has been taken int them fr lng distances —smetimes ver 150 kilmeters. It’s very cld up there and everything sn freezes slid.
Fr hundreds f years there have been reprts f small animals being taken int the sky thrugh watersputs. In 2009, dead tadples rained dwn n the city f Nana in Japan. In 2012, fifty kils f prawns fell frm the sky ver Sri Lanka. In 2017, fish fell n the castal city f Tampic in Mexic.
It must be a very strange experience t see fish raining dwn n yu. It wuld prbably hurt if ne fell n yur head! With climate (气候) change and many reprts f terrible strms, will the time ever cme when it may really begin t rain cats and dgs?
12．What d we knw abut the sand eels that landed n Sunderland?
A．They were few in number.B．They came in different sizes.
C．They were still alive when landing.D．They prbably came frm the Nrth Sea.
13．What des the underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Cluds.B．Watersputs.C．Strng winds.D．The waters f the sea.
14．The authr mentins the fall f tadples in Japan in 2009 in rder t shw that .
A．raining sea animals is nt new in histryB．the envirnment is nt pleasant in Japan
C．watersputs can reach as far as JapanD．different animals can fall in different cuntries
15．In the end, what des the authr prbably care mst abut?
A．Our health.B．Our envirnment.C．The wild animals.D．The news reprts.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Signs That Yu Are Grwing
Grwing is a lifelng prcess. Here are the signs that shw that yu are actually grwing and nt getting stuck in the prcess.
16
Often, we see hw badly peple lk when they get verly upset due t unimprtant things. S the first sign f maturity (成熟) is letting the small things g and nt getting angry ver a tiny detail that didn’t g as yu planned.
Yu start frgiving and understanding ther peple
When we are yung, we are ften unfrgiving. As we mature, we are better able t understand the wrld beynd black and white. 17 . It enables us t lk beynd the bvius and let g f simple judgments. We begin t understand better that thers have cmplex (复杂的) lives and persnalities, and s we becme mre willing t frgive their mistakes.
Yu always cmplete things that matter
Immature peple dn’t knw when t cmmit (承诺) themselves and their energy r resurces are always nt well emplyed. 18 . In this way, they can ften keep their prmises and hnr their cmmitments.
Yu accept the pssibility f being wrng
19 . They are always able t accept the pssibility that they are wrng, that they dn’t knw smething, because there is always mre t learn.
Being mature is knwing that yu are always grwing up. Yu are never dne learning and develping. This means that yu dn’t set yurself up as the highest authrity. 20 .
A．Yu fllw the crwd
B．Yu let the small things g
C．Instead, mature peple fcus n cmpleting things that matter
D．Immature and mature peple can bth have plans fr their lives
E．Rather, yu pen yur mind t ther ideas and new pssibilities
F．Becming mre understanding is a sign f strength, nt weakness
G．Mature peple appear mre cnfident, hwever, they are nt vercnfident
第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分)
第一节 完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Small children are easy t thrw up in the air and catch — and they 21 it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shuts as I thrw him skywards and catch him n the way back dwn again. He thrws his arms and legs ut 22 he were flying, his eyes wide with 23 . His trust in me is 24 , which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense f 25
I hpe Jacky will always-trust me fully, but I knw that, as he gets lder, it will need mre effrt and sund judgment 26 . Trust is such an imprtant part f a parent-child relatinship that it’s smething that I can’t 27 t lse. Every time I 28 Jacky t smething new, he’ll d it nly because he trusts me and feels 29 in the knwledge that he wn’t get hurt. 30 teaching Jacky t swim means he has t believe that, when he’s swimming in the big pl, I’ll cme t his rescue if his dggy paddle lets him dwn.
31 , in the wrkplace, trust is imprtant fr strng 32 . It is smething that every manager shuld wrk hard t 33 amng their team. If peple dn’t trust yu, they’re unlikely t fllw yur directins and willingly becme a lyal (忠诚) team member. A 34 f trust can make peple wrk against yu rather than fr yu. At the very least, it means that peple are nt ging t be giving yu their best. Gd 35 , like gd parenting, is a lng-term cmmitment
21．A．deserveB．missC．lveD．knw
22．A．as ifB．in caseC．even thughD．s that
23．A．fearB．excitementC．dubtD．astnishment
24．A．reasnableB．limitedC．absluteD．imprtant
25．A．reliefB．satisfactinC．achievementD．respnsibility
26．A．n my behalfB．n my partC．in my hnrD．in my name
27．A．affrdB．chseC．waitD．expect
28．A．attachB．cmpareC．adjustD．intrduce
29．A．safeB．happyC．prudD．grateful
30．A．Abve allB．In additinC．At firstD．Fr example
31．A．HweverB．TherefreC．SimilarlyD．Frtunately
32．A．affectinB．determinatinC．friendshipD．leadership
33．A．assessB．rganizeC．develpD．understand
34．A．gestureB．measureC．bndD．lack
35．A．managementB．persnalityC．cmmunicatinD．educatin
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A skywell, r “tian jing” (天井) in Mandarin, is a typical feature f a 36 (traditin) hme in suthern and eastern China. Different frm a nrthern Chinese curtyard, a skywell is 37 (small) and less expsed t the utdr envirnment.
Skywells are 38 (cmmn) seen in hmes dating t Ming and Qing dynasties, which were built 39 (huse) generatins f relatives. Skywells helped cl buildings in an era (时代) well 40 air-cnditining existed. When wind blws abve a skywell huse, it can enter the indr space thrugh the pening. 41 utdr air is ften cler than indr air, the incming breeze travels dwn the walls t the lwer stries and creates airflws by replacing warmer indr air, 42 rises and leaves thrugh the pening.
43 (design) t serve as a gathering space fr families r cmmunities as well, skywell buildings 44 (exist) in China fr hundreds f years. Althugh in recent times they have ften been frgtten by peple 45 (prefer) mdern facilities, due t a revival f traditinal Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a cmeback.
第三节 单句填空(共20小题;每题1分，满分20分)
在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
46．It is fr this reasn Spanish is the main fficial language f Peru. （用适当的词填空）
47．Yu can then spend three days enjying the plants and animals unique the rainfrest. (用适当的词填空)
48．Enjy the beautiful cuntryside as yu spend a day driving alng the new highway (cnnect) Cusc t Lake Titicaca.(所给词的适当形式填空)
49．The wds are remains f a huge frest nce cvered the whle area. (用适当的词填空)
50．S cme and experience what Peru has (ffer): everything frm the ancient Inca culture and centuries-ld Spanish villages t deep rainfrests, high muntains, and a beautiful castline. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51．There are tw main reasns I think it’s the best slutin. (用适当的词填空)
52．Each statue has a different face, leading researchers (believe) that each ne is a cpy f a real sldier. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53．The player wh became knwn “Air Jrdan” changed basketball with his graceful mves and jumps. (用适当的词填空)
54．They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring fr these animals. (用适当的词填空)
55．In the skeletn, a persn lies n his r her stmach n the sled, with his r her head (pint)dwnhill! （所给单词适当形式填空）
56．His father wrks in a cmpany name always appears in the lcal newspapers. (用适当的词填空)
57．Prince William tk a visit t the Frbidden City n Feb. 28, emperrs nce lived. (用适当的词填空)
58．He drve his new car at an amazing speed, resulted in a terrible accident. (用适当的词填空)
59．We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better. (用适当的词填空)
60． (lse) games taught him t practise harder and never give up. （所给词的适当形式填空）
根据课文内容以及中文提示，完成句子，每空一词。
61．As a persn, Lang Ping is lved by fans (在国内外).(根据汉语提示完成句子)
62．The lss f tw imprtant players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did nt (失去信心). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
63．When Michael Jrdan’s feet left the grund, time seemed t (时间仿佛静止了). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
64．The skeletn is (以……命名) the shape f the metal sleds used in the 1890s, when the sprt first started. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
65．I can accept failure; everyne fails at smething. But I can’t accept (不尝试). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
第四节 选词填空(共5小题;每题1分，满分5分)
请从以下7个短语中选择适当的短语，并用其正确的形式完成句子。
66．Dn’t be afraid when encuntering disasters. Tgether, individuals can .
67．I’ve never wanted t be anything else an explrer, and a cnservatinist.
68．There’s a big press launch tday and yu’re mst welcme t .
69．The plan because there was nt enugh financial supprt.
70．My mind raced as I tried t what they were talking abut.
第四部分 写作(共一节，满分15分)
71．假定你是李华，你校每周会举行丰富多彩的社团活动。即将来你校学习的英国交换生Peter热爱体育，想要参加体育相关的社团，请你为他推荐一个体育社团。内容包括：
1. 推荐社团；2. 推荐理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ther than; cme alng; wrk ut; fall apart; rather than; make a difference; make up
1．B 2．D 3．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Tny Buzan的有助于个人发展的几本书籍。
1．细节理解题。根据文章The Mind Map Bk部分的“The Mind Map Bk is a grund-breaking wrk n the basics f mind mapping suitable fr everyne and intrduces revlutinary techniques fr planning and nte-taking.(《思维导图书》是一本关于思维导图基础知识的开创性著作，适用于所有人，并介绍了制定计划和记笔记的创新性技巧。)”可知The Mind Map Bk可以帮助学生比较好地作笔记。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章Use Yur Head部分的“Yu will mst certainly gain valuable advice n hw t achieve yur mental ptential fully.(你肯定会获得关于如何充分发挥你的精神潜能的宝贵建议)”可知,Use Yur Head这本书会给你提供充分发挥精神潜能的建议。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“If yu like the idea f being able t read much faster, remember mre easily, and being mre creative, this list f Tny Buzan’s bks might be inspiratinal t get yu started.(如果你喜欢读得更快、记忆更容易、更有创造力的想法，托尼·布赞的书单可能会鼓舞你开始阅读。)”可知这几本书可以让读者读得更快、记忆更容易、更有创造力，所以这几本书关注的主要是个人的发展。故选C项。
4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是界限以及界限对青少年的重要性。
4．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段划线短语后文的内容“Fr this reasn, parents need t wrk with their teens t establish bundaries with thers.(因为这一原因，父母需要和青少年一起建立与他人的界限。)”可知，后文提到父母需要教会青少年建立界限，故此处的划线短语是其原因，故划线短语与D项“超出了可接受的界限”意思相近，即：即使他们的直觉告诉他们有人越界了，他们也可能很难表达这种情况让他们感到不舒服，故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Bundaries are limits teens establish in rder t prtect themselves in sme way frm being hurt, manipulated(操纵), r taken advantage f. As an expressin f self-wrth, bundaries let ther peple knw wh they are, what they value, and hw they want t be treated.(界限就是青少年为了保护自己不被伤害，不被操纵，不被利用而建立起来。界限是自我价值的一种表达，能够让其他人知道，他们是谁，他们的价值是什么，以及他们想怎样被对待。)”可知，界限是青少年自我价值的一种表达，是他们价值观的体现，以及他们想要怎样被对待，因此界限表现了青少年的价值观和自我价值，故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Learning hw t set bundaries - bth physical and emtinal - is an imprtant part f grwing up. It’s als essential t develping friendships that are respectful, supprtive and healthy.(学会怎样建立介绍——身体上的和精神上的界限——对成长来说是很重要的一部分。它对于培养相互尊敬、相互支持的健康的友谊来说，也是至关重要的。)”可知，作者认为建立界限对成长和培养健康的友谊来说是很重要的，因此作者认为建立界限是很有意义的事情，故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段末句“Yet, it’s ne f the mst imprtant things that teens need t learn hw t d.(然而，青少年学会怎样建立界限也是最重要的事情之一。)”可推知，文章在最后一句话提到了青少年应学会如何建立界限，故接下来可能会介绍建立界限的具体策略，故选C。
8．B 9．D 10．B 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Andrea Speranza是一名女性消防员，多年来她一直致力于鼓励其他年轻女性像她一样成为消防员。
8．细节理解题。由第一段“After ne childhd adventure at a cnstructin site ended with an irn nail embedded (嵌入) in her leg and an emergency call t the fire department, she fund herself in awe.(童年时，她在建筑工地的一次冒险以一颗铁钉扎进她的腿，并给消防部门打了紧急电话而告终，她发现自己充满了敬畏)”可知，儿时发生的事故给Speranza带来巨大的痛苦。故选B。
9．细节理解题。由第二段“Her jb was exactly as satisfying as she imagined it wuld be, except fr ne thing: she still hadn’t seen anther wman in her rle — nt in a magazine, nt n televisin, nt in real life. Speranza decided that she wanted t help yung wmen see that they, t, culd have a career like hers.(她的工作和她想象的一样令人满意，除了一件事：她还没有见过另一个女人扮演她的角色——无论是在杂志上，电视上，还是在现实生活中。Speranza决定，她想帮助年轻女性看到，她们也可以拥有像她一样的事业)”可知，女性消防员缺少使Speranza下定决心开启Camp Curage。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Speranza克服困难，成为为数不多的女性消防员之一，然后鼓励更多的女性成为消防员，故她有勇气且鼓舞人心，故选B。
11．推理判断题。Speranza克服困难，成为为数不多的女性消防员之一，帮助更多女性，做到了大家觉得不可能的事情，故从她的故事中我们可以学到“心之所愿，无所不成”的道理，故选C。
12．D 13．B 14．A 15．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种奇特的自然现象——“动物”雨，及其形成原因。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sand eels swim tgether in large grups, ften in sandy water, and are ften fund in large numbers in the Nrth Sea, which reaches ut t the east f Sunderland.(沙鳗成群结队地游动，沙鳗成群结队地一起游泳，通常在沙质水中，在桑德兰以东的北海也经常大量出现)”可知，那些出现在桑德兰市的沙鳗最可能来自与该市东部相连的北海。故选 D。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Scientists believed the heavy thunderstrm that afternn may have caused a watersput (水龙卷). Watersputs can be frmed when strng winds mve quickly in a circle ver water.(科学家认为，当天下午的强雷暴可能导致了水龙卷。当强风在水面上快速旋转时，就会形成水龙卷)”以及划线词所在句“They are s pwerful that anything less than ne meter in length can be taken int them and frced int the cluds.”可知，第三段主要解释了导致 1918 年那次奇特自然现象的原因——暴风雨导致了水龙卷，而水龙卷的威力很大，沙鳗被吸进水龙卷里，并被卷进云层，随着云层移动 150 多公里远直至降落，划线词 them与其所在句中的They都指代watersputs (水龙卷)。故选 B。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段“Fr hundreds f years there have been reprts f small animals being taken int the sky thrugh watersputs. In 2009, dead tadples rained dwn n the city f Nana in Japan. In 2012, fifty kils f prawns fell frm the sky ver Sri Lanka. In 2017, fish fell n the castal city f Tampic in Mexic.(数百年来，一直有关于小动物通过水龙卷被带向天空的报道。2009年，死蝌蚪如雨点般落在日本七尾市。2012年，50公斤的对虾从斯里兰卡上空坠落。2017年，鱼落在了墨西哥沿海城市坦皮科)”可知，第四段为总分结构，第一句为主题句，说明了历史上有很多类似于前文提到的下雨带来动物的报道，这在历史上并不新鲜。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It wuld prbably hurt if ne fell n yur head! With climate (气候) change and many reprts f terrible strms, will the time ever cme when it may really begin t rain cats and dgs?(如果有一颗落在你头上，可能会很疼！随着气候的变化和许多可怕风暴的报道，真的会有大雨倾盆的时候吗？)”可知，作者用与英文谚语 it was raining cats and dgs相关的表述it may really begin t rain cats and dgs，含蓄地表达了作者对目前环境的担忧。故选 B。
16．B 17．F 18．C 19．G 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了四种表明你变得成熟的迹象。
16．根据本段内容“Often, we see hw badly peple lk when they get verly upset due t unimprtant things. S the first sign f maturity (成熟) is letting the small things g and nt getting angry ver a tiny detail that didn’t g as yu planned.(通常，我们看到人们因为不重要的事情而过度沮丧时的样子是多么糟糕。所以成熟的第一个标志就是让小事过去，不要因为没有按计划进行的小细节而生气)”可知，本段提到“让小事过去，不要因为没有按计划进行的小细节而生气”，即建议不计较小事情。故B项“你不计较小事”适合作本节的小标题。故选B。
17．根据标题“Yu start frgiving and understanding ther peple(你开始原谅和理解别人)”；空前“As we mature, we are better able t understand the wrld beynd black and white.(随着我们的成熟，我们能够更好地理解非黑即白的世界)”及空后“It enables us t lk beynd the bvius and let g f simple judgments.(它使我们能够超越显而易见的事物，放弃简单的判断)”可知，本段的主旨是理解他人，更好地理解非黑即白的世界，F选项中understanding对应标题中understanding。故F项“变得更加善解人意是一种力量，而不是软弱”符合语境。故选F。
18．根据空前“Immature peple dn’t knw when t cmmit (承诺) themselves and their energy r resurces are always nt well emplyed.(不成熟的人不知道什么时候该承诺自己，他们的精力和资源总是没有得到很好的利用)”及空后“In this way, they can ften keep their prmises and hnr their cmmitments.(通过这种方式，他们通常可以遵守他们的承诺和履行他们的承诺)”可知，上文提到了不成熟的人的做法，可知本句是在说明成熟的人会怎么做。C选项中mature peple与上文Immature peple相对应。故C项“相反，成熟的人专注于完成重要的事情”符合语境。故选C。
19．根据本节的小标题“Yu accept the pssibility f being wrng(你接受错误的可能性)”及空后“They are always able t accept the pssibility that they are wrng, that they dn’t knw smething, because there is always mre t learn.(他们总是能够接受自己错了的可能性，接受自己不知道的可能性，因为总有更多的东西需要学习)”可知，后文提到了某种人能够接受自己错了的可能性，认识到有更多的东西需要学习，G选项中Mature peple对应后文They。故G项“成熟的人看起来更自信，然而，他们并不是过度自信”符合语境。故选G。
20．根据空前“Yu are never dne learning and develping. This means that yu dn’t set yurself up as the highest authrity.(你永远不会停止学习和发展。这意味着你没有把自己设定为最高权威)”可知，上文提到了“没有把自己设定为最高权威”，故本句与上文构成转折，指出这种特性会导致的结果：你会敞开心扉接受其他的想法和新的可能性。故E项“相反，你会敞开心扉接受其他的想法和新的可能性”符合语境。故选E。
21．C 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．D 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过作者与孩子之间的亲子游戏，论述了信任的重要性。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很容易被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值得；B. miss错过；C. lve爱；喜欢；D. knw知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住。故选C。
22．考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if 好像；B. in case以防；C. even thugh即使；D. s that以便。根据“he were flying,”可知，本句为虚拟语气，孩子伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. fear害怕；B. excitement兴奋；C. dubt怀疑；D. astnishment惊讶。根据上文“He thrws his arms and legs ut ____2____ he were flying,”可知，孩子的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. reasnable合理的；B. limited有限的；C. abslute完全的，绝对的；D. imprtant重要的。根据上文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信任的。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. relief宽慰；B. satisfactin满意；C. achievement成就；D. respnsibility责任。结合语境，此处指孩子对父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D。
26．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. n my behalf代表我；B. n my part就我来说；C. in my hnr以我的名誉；D. in my name以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要作者付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，我不能失去它。A. affrd支付得起；B. chse选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据上文“Trust is such an imprtant part f a parent-child relatinship”可知，作者认为自己承受不了失去亲子之间的信任。affrd t d sth.“能够做某事”。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach贴上；B. cmpare对比；C. adjust调整； D. intrduce介绍。根据下文“Jacky t smething new,”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的；B. happy快乐的；C. prud自豪的； D. grateful感激的。根据下文“that he wn’t get hurt.”可知，只是因为他相信自己不会受到伤害，觉得安全。故选A。
30．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. Abve all首先重要的是；B. In additin除此之外；C. At first首先；D. Fr example例如。根据下文“teaching Jacky t swim means he has t believe that,”可知，作者在举例子。故选D。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. Hwever然而；B. Therefre因此；C. Similarly相似地；D. Frtunately幸运地。根据下文“in the wrkplace, trust is imprtant fr strng ____12____.”可知，作者从父子之间的信任转移到职场，所以同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affectin感情；B. determinatin决定；C. friendship友谊；D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is smething that every manager”可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. rganize组织；C. develp发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture姿势；B. measure措施；C. bnd纽带；D. lack缺少。根据下文“make peple wrk against yu rather than fr yu.”可知，缺乏信任会让人们与你作对。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management管理；B. persnality个性；C. cmmunicatin交流；D. educatin教育。根据上文“in the wrkplace”以及“manager”可知，作者在说管理。故选A。
36．traditinal 37．smaller 38．cmmnly 39．t huse 40．befre 41．Since##Because##As 42．which 43．Designed 44．have existed 45．preferring
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天井的功能和发展过程。
36．考查形容词。句意：天井，普通话中的“天井”，是中国南部和东部传统民居的典型特征。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语使用形容词，故填traditinal。
37．考查形容词的比较级。句意：与中国北方的庭院不同，天井更小，暴露在户外的环境更少。根据上文“nrthern Chinese curtyard(中国北方的庭院)”以及“a skywell(天井)”可知此处将两者进行比较，空白处应填形容词的比较级，故填smaller。
38．考查副词。句意：天井常见于明清时期的房屋中，这些房屋是为几代亲属建造的。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语使用副词，故填cmmnly。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，使用动词不定式，故填t huse。
40．考查时间状语从句。句意：在空调还没有存在的时代，天井帮助建筑物降温。分析句子结构，这是一个包含时间状语从句的复合句，根据下文“air-cnditining existed(空调存在)”可知，空调是天井之后发明出来的，所以空白处应填表示“在……之前”含义的连词，故填befre。
41．考查原因状语从句。句意：由于室外空气通常比室内空气凉爽，因此进来的微风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过取代温暖的室内空气而产生气流，室内空气通过开口上升和并排出。分析句子结构，这是一个包含原因状语从句的复合句，“utdr air is ften cler than indr air(室外空气通常比室内空气凉爽)”表示原因，所以空白处应填表示“因为”含义的连词，可使用Since或Because或As连接从句，故填Since/Because/As。
42．考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构，这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词为：warmer indr air，因先行词在定语从句中做主语指物，使用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：天井建筑在中国已经存在了数百年，旨在作为家庭或社区的聚会空间。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语skywell buildings之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填Designed。
44．考查时态。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做谓语，使用动词，根据时间状语fr hundreds f years可知本句表达的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时，故填have existed。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管近年来，喜欢现代建筑的人们往往会忘记它们，但由于中国传统建筑的复兴，天井建筑已经回归我们的生活。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语peple之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填preferring。
46．that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：就因为这个原因，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。根据句子结构和意思可知，空处应填连词that。此处为强调句，句子结构应用“It'”。被强调部分为介词短语fr this reasn。故填that。
【点睛】
47．t
【详解】考查介词。句意：然后，你可以花三天时间欣赏热带雨林特有的动植物。分析句子结构，be unique t为固定短语，含义为“为……独有”，符合句意，故填t。
48．cnnecting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新公路行驶一天，欣赏美丽的乡村风光。分析句子，句中spend为谓语动词，故设空处使用非谓语动词。cnnect和highway之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作定语。故填cnnecting。
49．that##which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些树林是曾经覆盖整个地区的一片巨大森林的遗迹。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为：frest，因先行词在定语从句中做主语，指物，使用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，故填that/which。
50．t ffer
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以来体验秘鲁所能提供的一切吧：从古老的印加文化、历经数百年历史的西班牙村庄，到茂密的雨林、高耸的山脉和美丽的海岸线。分析句子结构可知，what引导的是宾语从句，从句谓语动词是has，空处需填非谓语动词形式，have sth. t d为固定用法，空处需填动词不定式作定语。故填t ffer。
51．why
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我认为这是最好的解决方案，主要有两个原因。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词reasns，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用why引导从句。故填why。
52．t believe
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每个雕像都有一张不同的脸，这让研究人员相信每个雕像都是一个真正的士兵的复制品。短语lead sb. t d sth.表示“导致某人做某事”，故填t believe。
53．as
【详解】考查介词。句意：这位被称为“飞人乔丹”的球员用他优美的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。be/became knwn as以……著称； 众所周知的……。根据句意，故填as。
54．wh
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。空处引导定语从句先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填wh。
55．pinting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这具骷髅的造型是一个人俯卧在雪橇上，他或她的头冲着山下!分析可知此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，head与pint之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动。故用现在分词作宾补。故填pinting。
56．whse
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他的父亲在一家公司工作，该公司的名字经常出现在当地报纸上。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为：cmpany，因空白处在定语从句中作定语，使用关系代词whse引导定语从句，故填whse。
57．where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：2月28日，威廉王子参观了皇帝曾经住过的紫禁城。分析句子结构，这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词为：city，关系词在定语从句中作状语表示地点，应使用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。
58．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他以惊人的速度驾驶他的新车，结果发生了一起可怕的事故。分析句子结构，这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词为前面一整句话表示的内容，因空白处在定语从句中做主语，使用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
59．when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把公园里的野餐推迟到下星期，那时天气可能会好一些。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为next week，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
60．Lsing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：输掉比赛教会了他更加努力地练习，永不放弃。分析句子结构，taught之前是句子的主语，且这里表示习惯性、一般性的动作，所以应用动名词作主语。故填Lsing。
61． at hme and abrad
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：作为一个人，郎平深受国内外球迷的喜爱。根据汉语提示，表示“在国内外”含义的固定短语为：at hme and abrad，故填at；hme；and；abrad。
62． lse heart
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战，但郎平并没有失去信心。根据汉语提示“失去信心”可知，此处为动词短语lse heart，位于助动词did后面，使用动词原形。故填①lse；②heart。
63． stand still
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：当迈克尔·乔丹的双脚离开地面时，时间似乎静止了。根据汉语提示，表示“静止了；停滞不前”含义的动词短语为：stand still，根据空白处前面的动词不定式符号t可知空白处填动词原形，故填stand；still。
64． named after
【详解】考查动词短语、被动语态。句意：“雪橇骨架”得名于19世纪90年代这项运动首次兴起时使用的金属雪橇的形状。根据汉语提示，表示“以……命名”含义的动词短语为：name after。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，因与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据空白处前面的助动词is可知本句使用了一般现在时的被动语态，空白处填过去分词，故填named；after。
65． nt trying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我能接受失败；每个人都会在某件事上失败。但我不能接受不尝试。根据汉语提示可知，表示“尝试”含义的动词为try；分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语使用非谓语动词，因空白处表示的是一个抽象的动作，使用动名词。又因本句使用动名词的否定式，根据动名词的用法，动名词的否定式需要在动名词前面使用nt。故填nt trying。
66．make a difference 67．ther than 68．cme alng 69．fell apart 70．wrk ut
【解析】66．考查固定短语。句意：遇到灾难时不要害怕。团结起来，每个人都可以有所作为。根据“Tgether, individuals”以及句意“有所作为”可知应填make a difference，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填make a difference。
67．考查固定短语。句意：除了探险家和自然资源保护主义者，我从没想过要成为别的什么。根据“I’ve never wanted t be anything else”以及句意“除了……”可知应填ther than，故填ther than。
68．考查固定短语。句意：今天有一个大型的新闻发布会，非常欢迎你来参加。根据“There’s a big press launch tday and yu’re mst welcme t”以及句意“来参加”可知应填cme alng，且上文为短语be welcme t d sth.。故填cme alng。
69．考查固定短语。句意：由于没有足够的财政支持，这个计划失败了。根据“because there was nt enugh financial supprt.”以及句意“失败、破裂”可知应填fall apart，结合后文was可知为一般过去时。故填fell apart。
70．考查固定短语。句意：当我试图弄明白他们在说什么的时候，我的脑子飞快地转。根据“what they were talking abut”以及句意“弄明白”可知应填wrk ut，try t d sth.，为不定式作宾语，故填wrk ut。
71．Dear Peter,
I am writing t recmmend a sprts club that I think yu will lve.
The club I advise yu t jin in is called “The Running Tribe”. It is a grup f students wh lve running. I think yu will enjy this club because yu mentined yur lve fr sprts.
Apart frm the health benefits, running can als be a great stress reliever. With the busy life f being a student in a new cuntry, it’s imprtant t have a way t clear yur mind. Jining The Running Tribe can prvide yu with the pprtunity t d just that.
I hpe yu find this recmmendatin helpful!
Best regards,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给即将来校学习的英国交换生Peter写信，为他推荐一个体育社团。
【详解】1.词汇积累
认为：think→ cnsider
建议：advise → suggest
参加：jin in→ participate in
有益的：helpful→ beneficial
2.句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：The club I advise yu t jin in is called “The Running Tribe”. It is a grup f students wh lve running.
拓展句：The club I advise yu t jin in is called “The Running Tribe”, which is a grup f students wh lve running.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing t recmmend a sprts club that I think yu will lve.（运用了that引导的定语从句，省略that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I think yu will enjy this club because yu mentined yur lve fr sprts.（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句，because引导的原因状语从句）