重庆市礼嘉中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题(含答案)

这是一份重庆市礼嘉中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，单词拼写，首字母填空，翻译题，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
While tea may have riginated in Asia, nw there are many cuntries all arund the wrld that have tea wven int their fd culture and traditins. This is ne f the very special parts f tea as it has a way f cnnecting peple all ver the wrld in different ways and ceremnies that finally all results in a grup f peple sitting tgether and enjying a cup f tea.
Chinese tea culture
Since China is viewed as the birthplace f tea, it is n wnder that Chinese tea culture is rich with histry and traditin. Tday, Chinese tea cntinues t be used in Chinese medicine and is cmmnly cnsumed n bth casual and frmal ccasins bth fr persnal enjyment and t represent Chinese cultural traditins.
Japanese tea culture
Japan als has a lng histry with tea, especially Japanese Matcha, which is a kind f grund green tea that is cmmnly used in Japanese tea ceremnies and nly in recent years became ppular in western culture.
British tea culture
When many peple think abut tea, British tea culture is what cmes t mind. A ht cup f English Breakfast r Earl Grey tea serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternn as a pick-me-up fr the day. Even thugh tea may nt be native t England, this British tea traditin is still ging strng tday.
Mrccan tea culture
When yu visit Mrcc, it is hard t miss the utstanding tea culture that is such a large part f Mrccan hspitality. Befre any gathering, negtiatin, r sale f a prduct, a pt f mint tea is always prepared and served amng the hst and guests. This is an expressin f Mrccan traditin and hspitality, which shuld always be accepted by guests as a sign f appreciatin and respect t the hst.
1、Why can tea find its way int varius fd cultures?
A. It riginates in Asia.B. It frms different ceremnies.
C. It gets peple cnnected easily.D. It allws peple t sit tgether.
2、What d Chinese and Japanese tea cultures have in cmmn accrding t the text?
A. They have a lng histry.
B. They are used in medicine.
C. They are famus fr grund green tea.
D. They’ve lng gained wrldwide recgnitin.
3、Why are the Brits keen n tea in the afternn?
A. T get new energy.B. T bring ut respect.
C. T shw hspitality.D. T bserve a traditin.
My Ph. D.adviser called me int his ffice, saying I needn't bring my ntebk. After 15 minutes f listing my psitive things, he lked me in the eye and said,“Yu are fired frm the lab.”
I had mved t Israel frm my native India the year befre, excited t experience a new culture and study fr a Ph. D. At first things went well in my new lab. Then, 3 mnths befre I was fired, I ran int sme prblems. I made a few mistakes in the lab that slwed my research, but I wasn't aware that my adviser nticed them, and he never spke t me abut any cncerns. I’m still nt sure why he fired me, but I guess it was because f thse mistakes. He wasn't cnfident that I culd cmplete my research in time as we'd planned.
The first few days after I was fired were especially difficult. I spent hurs staring at my cmputer screen, unable t get anything dne. One day all I culd d was sit n a beach, crying. I tried t change his mind with prmising results, but he stuck t his decisin. I culd nt break the news t my family in India, as the fear f disappinting them verwhelmed （压垮）me. I sn gt int a state f sadness and anxiety. Meanwhile, the date fr me t leave the cuntry was drawing near, as my visa required me t be registered as a student. I was lnely and withut hpe.
Arund that time, I watched Dasvidaniya, a Bllywd mvie that's abut a man wh has 3 mnths t live. One line frm the mvie stuck ut t me :“When life gives yu lemns, make lemnade（柠檬水）” .What kind f lemnade culd I make ut f my present situatin? My desire t cmplete a Ph. D.was never in dubt. After much reflectin, I tld myself that ne failed attempt was nt the end f the wrld, and that I needed t give it anther try. With renewed cnfidence, I emailed expected advisers and applied t ther prgrams. Within 2 mnths, I landed an ffer frm a Ph. D.prgram in Italy. I accepted it and relcated t Eurpe, happy that my gal f cmpleting a Ph. D.was alive nce again.
I’m thankful that I didn't give up n my dream and that I fund anther prfessr willing t take me n.
4、What is Paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A.The persnality f the adviser.
B.The authr's prblems in study.
C.The pssible reasn fr the authr's being fired.
D.The authr's difficulty in adapting t a new culture.
5、What did the authr d after being fired?
A.He applied fr a new visa.
B.He gt addicted t cmputer games.
C.He tried t change the adviser's mind.
D.He shared the news with his family in India.
6、What kind f "lemnade” did the authr make ut f the difficult situatin?
A.Persuading the adviser t let him stay.
B.Being respnsible fr different prgrams.
C.Hlding the belief t get a dctr's degree.
D.Getting accepted by anther Ph. D.prgram.
7、What lessn can we learn frm the stry?
A.Directin is mre imprtant than effrt,
B.Turn t mvies fr cmfrt when in truble.
C.A dctr’s degree is imprtant fr the future.
D.Difficulties in life can be turned int smething psitive.
Can a small grup f drnes(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability f railways and, at the same time, help railway peratrs save billins f eurs each year? That is the very likely future f applying tday's "eyes in the sky" technlgy t making sure that the millins f kilmetres f rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) wrldwide are safe fr trains n a 24/7 basis.
Drnes are already being used t examine high-tensin electrical lines. They culd d precisely the same thing t inspect railway lines and ther vital aspects f rail infrastructure such as the crrect psitin f railway tracks and switching pints. The mre regularly they can be inspected, the mre railway safety, reliability and n-time perfrmance will be imprved. Csts wuld be cut and peratins wuld be mre efficient(高效) acrss the bard.
That includes huge savings in maintenance csts and better prtectin f railway persnnel safety. It is calculated that Eurpean railways alne spend apprximately 20 billin eurs a year n maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, ften at night, t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerus wrk that culd be avided with drnes assisting the crews' effrts.
By using the latest technlgies, drnes culd als start prviding higher-value services fr railways, detecting faults in the rail r switches, befre they can cause any safety prblems. T perfrm these tasks, drnes fr rail dn't need t be flying verhead. Engineers are nw wrking n a new cncept: the rail drnes f the future. They will be mving n the track ahead f the train, and prgrammed t run autnmusly. Very small drnes with advanced sensrs and AI and travelling ahead f the train culd guide it like a c-pilt. With their ability t see ahead, they culd signal any prblem, s that fast-mving trains wuld be able t react in time.
8、What makes the applicatin f drnes t rail lines pssible?
A.The use f drnes in checking n pwer lines.
B.Drnes' ability t wrk at high altitudes.
C.The reductin f cst in designing drnes.
D.Drnes' reliable perfrmance in remte areas.
9、What des "maintenance" underlined in paragraph 3 refer t?
A.Persnnel safety.B.Assistance frm drnes.
C.Inspectin and repair.D.Cnstructin f infrastructure.
10、What functin is expected f the rail drnes?
A.T prvide early warning.B.T make trains run autmatically.
C.T earn prfits fr the crews.D.T accelerate transprtatin.
11、Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A.What Faults Can Be Detected with Drnes
B.Hw Prductin f Drnes Can Be Expanded
C.What Difficulty Drne Develpment Will Face
D.Hw Drnes Will Change the Future f Railways
The prverb “Wrk is wrship (热爱，崇拜)” emphasizes the imprtance f wrk in ur life. It states that ding wrk must be the real wrship f the life f every human being.
Human beings are cnsidered the mst imprtant entity (独立存在体) in this universe because we are blessed with brains and intelligence. The brain prvides the pwer t think and understand abut different things in the wrld. We all have sme purpse in ur lives and ding wrk helps in achieving the purpse f ur lives.
It is very imprtant fr all the students t understand the imprtance f wrk. This stage is very imprtant in every persn’s life. The habit that is develped at this age is cntinued till death. If the students learn t wrk in this stage they cntinue the same in future t. Fr the students, real wrship is nt the wrshiping f gd but ding their studies in a sincere way. They need t d regular studies with prper cncentratin every day.
The students wh are attentive and d their wrk sincerely are rewarded with gd marks while the lazy students wh avid ding their wrk suffer later in their lives. This is because there is n substitute (代替) fr hard wrk. Hard wrking students grw up t became gd citizens f sciety and the natin in future. Wrk teaches the students t be disciplined in their life.
Every day we hear f new inventins and achievements made by the peple in the wrld. It culd nt be pssible if the peple wuld nt have dne their wrk sincerely. Our histry is shining bright because f the great deeds f sme great persnalities. This is als because f the peple wh cnsidered their wrk as wrship and perfrmed it hnestly. Such peple never ran away frm ding wrk. They wuld nt be able t make their names shine in histry withut hard wrk. Thus, it can be stated that every success has a big struggle and dedicatin behind it. Peple wh wrship their wrk can achieve great heights in their life.
“Wrk is wrship.” is a ppular qute t make peple understand the imprtance f wrk in everyne’s life. The ne wh understands the imprtance f the wrk des it prperly withut thinking f the fruit. The fruit will surely be sweet if the effrt is hnest.
12、What makes us human beings utstanding in the universe?
A.The imprtance f wrk.B.The blessing f Gd.
C.The purpse f life.D.The pwer f brain.
13、Why des the authr emphasize the imprtance f wrk t students?
A.Wrk prepares them fr the future.
B.Wrk makes them mre intelligent.
C.Wrk ffers them mre substitutes.
D.Wrk qualifies them fr teaching jbs.
14、Why des the authr talk abut inventins in Paragraph 5?
A.T make them knwn t the wrld.
B.T hnr thse great persnalities.
C.T use them as supprting evidence.
D.T call n students t invent things.
15、What is the authr’s real purpse f writing the text?
A.T explain the qute “Wrk is wrship”.
B.T encurage peple t be hardwrking.
C.T teach students t be disciplined it their life.
D.T analyse the reasns fr thse great successes.
二、七选五
16、Psychlgists have lng believed that human beings have a fairly cnsistent “negativity bias（消极偏见）” that leads us t pay mre attentin t negative thughts, feelings and events than t psitive nes. ①__________There is a psitive explanatin fr the questin. After all, we are mtivated t grw after a misstep. Hwever, we can't abandn urselves t the negativity bias frever. Hw? ②__________
Practice Psitivity. Like yur muscles, yur thught patterns respnd t hw they are used and exercised. Yu dn't have t erase the negativity bias frm yur mind. ③__________Fr example, set calendar reminders thrughut yur day t cnvey an expressin f gratitude r simply adjust yur bdy language s yu're hlding yurself with strength and cnfidence.
④__________We're living in a time f pandemic r financial stress and deep divisin. Our negativity biases call ur attentin tward thse realities. But we are well served t als see the pprtunities in this mment：Maybe there's a hme prject we therwise wuldn't have fund time t tackle.
Ask fr Psitive Reminders. Get in the habit f checking in with peple wh are with yu when gdness finds yu tday. Mentin t them, “That is an unexpected bit f praise frm the bss, isn't it?” ⑤__________And wh knws, yu may help yur friend, family member r cwrker have a mre psitive day as well!
A.Try the fllwing suggested ideas.
B.Redefine negativity as an pprtunity.
C.Instead, practice yur psitive lifestyle.
D.Its negative influence can never be avided.
E.Why and hw des this phenmenn happen?
F.Hw d yu handle it as yu try t live with mre psitivity?
G.Asking thers t cnfirm yur psitive insights can facilitate yur psitivity.
三、完形填空（15空）
On Sept. 1, Paul Miller, a teacher in America, 1 a vide n YuTube where he des his take n “I’ll Be There Fr Yu,” a sng frm Friends.
“N ne tld me schl was gnna be this way," Miller sings in a classrm, in 2 t the pandemic and the natinwide 3 f in-persn teaching. “I gt my lessns ready but students are absent. Thugh they are 4 , we can still have a great year. 'Cause I'll be here fr yu when yu're learning at hme."
“ 5 ur scial distance, schl will still be great.” Miller cntinues. Having 6 the reasns why nline learning has its 7 Miller jumps int the chrus, telling his students what they can 8 . “When back,” he sings. “Yu really start t shine. N matter what, I'm here fr yu.”
Miller's vide has received ver 25,000 views and lts f 9 cmments. One wrte: "Teachers are 10 n earth in human frm.”
In an 11 with WMTV Miller said he 12 starts ff every schl year with a sng. This year, hwever, he had t be mre creative. The teacher said he's been 13 by the psitive respnses he's gtten. “Really the 14 we are getting this year is cmpletely beynd 15 ,” he said. “I have gtten messages frm Arizna t India. Apparently, Friends is a very ppular shw. ”
17、A.markedB.recrdedC.praisedD.shared
18、A.respnseB.relatinC.devtinD.additin
19、A.preparatinB.cancellatinC.admiratinD.prmtin
20、A.privateB.attractiveC.virtualD.passive
21、A.FrB.DespiteC.AgainstD.Acrss
22、A.listedB.gainedC.tldD.realized
23、A.cntributinsB.effectsC.tendenciesD.benefits
24、A.expectB.develpC.treasureD.crrespnd
25、A.bjectiveB.indifferentC.casualD.supprtive
26、A.heresB.spiritsC.angelsD.spnsrs
27、A.interviewB.cnversatinC.debateD.argument
28、A.speciallyB.nrmallyC.particularlyD.temprarily
29、A.influencedB.burdenedC.verwhelmedD.defeated
30、A.strengthB.preferenceC.respnsibilityD.attentin
31、A.cntrlB.reachC.expectatinD.recgnitin
四、短文填空
32、Each time I take the undergrund I find myself surrunded by①___________ (dzen) f passengers playing smart phnes. They almst wn’t even give a glance at the utside wrld. Yu may think it is nrmal t play smart phnes②___________ (kill) time. What’s wrse, when I talk with sme f my friends, they talk as playing, which is really③___________annyance.
I really miss the ld days④___________I chatted with sme passengers n the train. Nw things are different. Everyne just cncentrates n their smart phnes. When talking with them, ⑤___________seems that yu are disturbing their playing smart phnes. I culd nt just blame them fr I am mving t be ne like them. Smetimes I just feel we⑥___________ (large) ignre(忽视) ur neighbrs and want t keep in tuch⑦___________distant strangers thrugh the Internet. We care abut the things far away⑧___________pay n attentin t the needs nearby. ⑨___________ ridiculus the situatin is! In a way, we⑩___________ (cntrl) by smart phnes nw. Are yu experiencing the same situatin like me? D yu have any ways t avid that?
五、单词拼写
33、I went back t my hmetwn after 20 years and the city had changed beynd all (辨别). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
34、I'd like t express my (钦佩) fr the curage and uncmplaining spirit f the firefighters. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
35、Several reasns may accunt fr my p (偏爱) fr western painting. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
36、Their Chinese peers in the typical Chinese dress wuld be highly (令人印象深刻的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
37、If yu are wrried abut yur health, share yur (焦虑/担心) with yur dctr. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
六、首字母填空
38、We shuld nt nly knw the thery but als hw t a it t practice. （根据首字母单词拼写）
39、Having shwn yu arund ur schl, we will intrduce ur mst a science lab t yu. (根据首字母单词拼写)
40、This creatin a lt f attentin thanks t its mixture f mdern and traditinal Chinese elements. (根据首字母单词拼写)
41、With his attentin f n his hmewrk, he frgt all abut what I had tld him. (根据首字母单词拼写)
42、A , t smking, he just can’t seem t quit. (根据首字母单词拼写)
七、翻译题
43、那个人故意推他，这让他非常生气。(design)(汉译英)
44、嗓音太大了，我没有办法专心看书。(cncentrate)(汉译英)
45、宁愿看书也不愿意和他一起玩儿。(prefer)(汉译英)
46、他建议她和孩子们待在一起。(recmmend)(汉译英)
47、司机感到非常害怕，因为汽车失去了控制。(cntrl)(汉译英)
八、书面表达
48、假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike即将完成学业，不久前来信就是否到中国工作询问你的意见。请根据以下提示回一封电子邮件，内容如下：
1.建议他可以来中国；
2.阐述你的理由(就业机会多，专业受欢迎，不同的文化体验等)；
3.承诺可提供帮助。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
4.请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
1、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句 This is ne f the very special parts f tea as it has a way f cnnecting peple all ver the wrld in different ways and ceremnies that finally all results in a grup f peple sitting tgether and enjying a cup f tea. “这是茶的一个非常特殊的部分，因为它通过不同的方式和仪式将世界各地的人们联系在一起，最终导致一群人坐在一起，享受一杯茶。” 可知，茶能融入各种饮食文化，是因为它使人们很容易地联系在一起。故选C。故正确答案为C。
2、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据小标题 Chinese tea culture 下第一段第一句 Since China is viewed as the birthplace f tea, it is n wnder that Chinese tea culture is rich with histry and traditin. “由于中国被视为茶的诞生地，所以中国茶文化具有丰富的历史和传统也就不足为奇了。” 根据小标题 Japanese tea culture 下第一段 Japan als has a lng histry with tea, especially Japanese Matcha, which is a kind f grund green tea that is cmmnly used in Japanese tea ceremnies and nly in recent years became ppular in western culture. “日本的茶也有悠久的历史，尤其是日本抹茶，这是一种研磨的绿茶，日本茶道中普遍使用，直到近几年才在西方文化中流行起来。” 可知，中国和日本的茶文化共同点在于它们有很长的历史。故选A。故正确答案为A。
3、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章小标题 British tea culture 下第一段第二句 A ht cup f English Breakfast r Earl Grey tea serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternn as a pick-me-up fr the day. “下午，一杯热腾腾的英式早餐或格雷伯爵茶，配上一点牛奶和一块饼干，可以作为一天的提神剂。” 可知，英国人喜欢下午喝茶是因为人们可以从中获得新能量。故选A。故正确答案为A。
4、答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。文章第二段中提到“3 mnths befre I was fired, I ran int sme prblems. I made a few mistakes in the lab that slwed my research….I’m still nt sure why he fired me, but I guess it was because f thse mistakes. He wasn't cnfident that I culd cmplete my research in time as we'd planned.（在解雇前三个月，我在实验室犯了一些错误，延缓了我的研究进度我仍然不确定他为什么解雇我，但我猜是因为那些错误。他没有信心我能如期完成我的研究。）” 由此可知，该段是讲述作者被解雇的可能的原因。故选C。
5、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“I tried t change his mind with prmising results, but he stuck t his decisin.（我试图以预期的结果来改变他的主意，但他坚持他的决定。）”可知，被解雇后，作者试图改变导师的主意，但是无济于事。故选C。
6、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。文章第四段中提到“With renewed cnfidence, I emailed expected advisers and applied t ther prgrams. Within 2 mnths, I landed an ffer frm a Ph. D. prgram in Italy. I accepted it and relcated t Eurpe, happy that my gal f cmpleting a Ph. D. was alive nce again. （满怀重新燃起的信心，我发了一封电子邮件给预期的顾问，并申请了其他项目。不到两个月，我就拿到了意大利一个博士项目的录取通知书。我接受了，到了欧洲，很高兴我完成博士学位的目标再次实现了。）”由此可知， 作者在被解雇的困境下，他的“柠檬水”是申请另一个博士项目，并且被接受了。故选D。
7、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。文章讲述了作者在以色列攻读博士学位期间，被导师解雇。在困境中，作者观看的一部电影中的台词给了他启示“When life gives yu lemns, make lemnade.(若生活给了你酸柠檬时，那就把它变成甜的柠檬汁吧) ”。文章中还提到“After much reflectin, I tld myself that ne failed attempt was nt the end f the wrld, and that I needed t give it anther try.” 作者认为一次失败的尝试并不意味着世界末日，于是再次尝试。由此可以推断， 作者的经历告诉人们在生活中遇到困境时，应该换个角度，不断尝试，就可以转化为积极的东西。故选D。
8、答案：A
解析：理解具体信息。题干问什么使无人机在铁路线路中的应用成为可能。根据文章第二段中的"Drnes are already being used t examine high-tensin electrical lines. They culd d precisely the same thing t inspect railway lines and ther vital aspects f rail infrastructure"可知, 无人机现在已经用来检测高压电力线路, 它们可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路以及铁路基础设施的其他重要方面。故A项正确。
9、答案：C
解析：理解词汇。题干问"maintenance"是什么意思。根据画线词出现的语境"节省_____费用"以及该词在下文中的语境, 即第三段第二句"It is calculated that Eurpean railways alne spend apprximately 20 billin eurs a year n maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, ften at night, t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure"(据计算, 单是欧洲铁路一年就要在维护上面花费约200亿欧元, 其中包括常常在夜里派遣维护员工去检查和修复铁路基础设施)可知, 铁路"maintenance"包括检查和修复铁路基础设施。故C项正确。
10、答案：A
解析：理解具体信息。题干问的是期待铁路无人机有什么样的功能。根据文章最后一段最后一句"With their ability t see ahead, they culd signal any prblem, s that fast-mving trains wuld be able t react in time"(因为能提前看到, 无人机可以感知到任何问题, 这样快速前进的列车就可以及时作出反应)可知, 期待铁路无人机具有的功能是提前发现问题, 并给列车发出警告。故A项正确。
11、答案：D
解析：理解文章主旨要义。题干问的是本文最佳标题是什么。第一段是导入, 综述无人机在铁路运营方面的应用前景; 第二段主要讲述无人机在铁路运营中的部分功能和作用; 第三段主要讲了无人机在降低铁路维护成本和维护铁路职员人身安全方面的作用; 第四段讲无人机还能为铁路运营做的事情。由此可知本篇文章主要讲的是无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。故D项正确。
12、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Human beings are cnsidered the mst imprtant entity (独立存在体) in this universe because we are blessed with brains and intelligence. The brain prvides the pwer t think and understand abut different things in the wrld.(人类被认为是宇宙中最重要的实体，因为我们有幸拥有大脑和智慧。大脑提供了思考和理解世界上不同事物的能力)”可知，人类之所以很杰出，是因为拥有大脑的能力。故选择D。
13、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“It is very imprtant fr all the students t understand the imprtance f wrk. This stage is very imprtant in every persn’s life. The habit that is develped at this age is cntinued till death. If the students learn t wrk in this stage they cntinue the same in future t.(对于所有的学生来说，理解工作的重要性是非常重要的。这个阶段在每个人的生活中都是非常重要的。在这个年龄养成的习惯会一直延续到死。如果学生在这个阶段学习工作，他们在未来也会继续学习)”可推断，学生在学生时期努力学习，未来也会努力，也就是在为未来做准备。故选A。
14、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段“Every day we hear f new inventins and achievements made by the peple in the wrld. It culd nt be pssible if the peple wuld nt have dne their wrk sincerely. Our histry is shining bright because f the great deeds f sme great persnalities. This is als because f the peple wh cnsidered their wrk as wrship and perfrmed it hnestly.(我们每天都听说世界人民的新发明和新成就。如果人们没有真诚地做他们的工作，这是不可能的。由于一些伟大人物的伟大事迹，我们的历史闪耀着光辉。这也是因为有些人把他们的工作当作敬拜，并且诚实地去做)”可推断，作者提到新发明，是为了说明之所以有这些发明，是因为人们对工作的崇拜，也就是提到发明是为了论证自己的观点。故选C。
15、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The ne wh understands the imprtance f the wrk des it prperly withut thinking f the fruit. The fruit will surely be sweet if the effrt is hnest.(懂得工作重要性的人做事时不会考虑结果。如果努力是诚实的，果实一定是甜美的)”及全文可推断，作者写这篇文章是为了鼓励人们要勤奋。故选B。
16、答案：①-⑤EACBG
解析：①由上一句“Psychlgists have lng believed that human beings have a fairly cnsistent “negativity bias（消极偏见）” that leads us t pay mre attentin t negative thughts, feelings and events than t psitive nes.”（心理学家长期以来一直认为，人类有一种相当一致的“消极偏见”，这导致我们更多地关注消极的思想、情感和事件，而不是积极的思想、情感和事件。）和下一句“There is a psitive explanatin fr the questin.”（对这个问题有一个肯定的解释。）可知，上句提到了“消极偏见”这种消极的心理问题现象，下句又说这个问题有一个肯定的解释，可得出该空填写内容应与解释这种现象为什么和如何发生的信息有关，承接上下文，E选项“这种现象为什么会发生，又是如何发生的？”切题。故选E项。
②由上两句“Hwever, we can't abandn urselves t the negativity bias frever. Hw?”（然而，我们不能永远沉浸在消极偏见中。怎样做呢？），第二段首句“Practice Psitivity.”（实践积极性。）和最后一段首句“Ask fr Psitive Reminders.”（索要积极的提醒。）及下文内容可知，上文说人们不能永远沉浸在消极偏见中，下文讲走出消极偏见的一些建议（如实践积极性和要求积极的提醒），可得出该空填写的内容与提供建议有关，承接上下文，A选项“尝试以下建议。”切题。故选A项。
③由本段小标题“Practice Psitivity.”（实践积极性。）和上一句“Yu dn't have t erase the negativity bias frm yur mind.”（你不必消除你心中的消极偏见。）可知，作者建议读者在生活中去实践积极性，即以积极的态度去生活，所以无需消除你心中的消极偏见，只需在生活中不断实践积极的生活方式，承接上文，C选项“相反，练习你积极的生活方式。”切题。故选C项。
④根据本段内容，归纳出小标题。由本段后文“We're living in a time f pandemic r financial stress and deep divisin. Our negativity biases call ur attentin tward thse realities. But we are well served t als see the pprtunities in this mment：Maybe there's a hme prject we therwise wuldn't have fund time t tackle.”（我们生活在一个大流行病、经济压力和严重分裂的时代。我们的消极偏见要求我们关注这些现实。但我们也很乐意看到这一刻的机遇：也许有一个家庭项目，否则我们就没有时间去解决。）可知，即使我们的消极偏见要求我们关注那些消极的现实，但我们也要在消极中看到机遇，可得出本段主要讲在消极中找到机遇，承接下文，B选项“将消极性重新定义为机遇。”切题。故选B项。
⑤由本段小标题“Ask fr Psitive Reminders.”（索要积极的提醒。）和上一句“Mentin t them, “That is an unexpected bit f praise frm the bss, isn't it?””（对他们说：“这是老板出乎意料的表扬，不是吗？”）可知，在本段中作者建议读者要去向别人索要积极的提醒来摆脱消极偏见，如用反义疑问句“这是老板出乎意料的表扬，不是吗？”来肯定自己的积极性，承接上文，G选项“让别人确认你的积极见解可以促进你的积极性。”切题。故选G项。
17、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：9月1日，美国教师Paul Miller在YuTube上分享了一段视频，他在视频中改编了《老友记》中的一首歌《我会在那里等你》。A. marked标记；B. recrded记录；C. praised赞扬；D. shared分享。因为空后提到了社交媒体“n YuTube”，所以应该是在上面分享了一个视频。故选D项。
18、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Miller在教室里唱道：“没人告诉我学校会这样。”以回应疫情和全国范围内取消面对面教学。A. respnse回应；B. relatin关系；C. devtin奉献；D. additin添加。根据“I gt my lessns ready but students are absent”可知，这位教师是为了回应疫情和全国范围内取消面对面教学这件事而改编了歌曲。in respnse t意为“回应”。故选A项。
19、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Miller在教室里唱道：“没人告诉我学校会这样。”以回应疫情和全国范围内取消面对面教学。A. preparatin准备；B. cancellatin取消；C. admiratin钦佩；D. prmtin提升。根据“the pandemic”和“in-persn teaching”可知，此处是指疫情期间取消了面对面教学。故选B项。
20、答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们是虚拟的，我们仍然可以度过愉快的一年。A. private私有的；B. attractive吸引人的；C. virtual虚拟的；D. passive被动的。根据“when yu're learning at hme”可知，疫情期间孩子们在家上网课，所以此处表示他们是虚拟的。故选C项。
21、答案：B
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：Miller继续道：“尽管我们有社交距离，学校仍然很好。” A. Fr为了；B. Despite尽管；C. Against反对；D. Acrss穿越。根据“ur scial distance”和“schl will still be great”之间是让步关系，所以用despite。故选B项。
22、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在列出了在线学习的好处之后，Miller加入了合唱，告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A. listed列举；B. gained获得；C. tld告诉；D. realized意识到。根据上文“we can still have a great schl will still be great”可知，Miller在歌里面列举在线学习的好处。故选A项。
23、答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在列出了在线学习的好处之后，Miller加入了合唱，告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A. cntributins贡献；B. effects影响；C. tendencies趋势；D. benefits好处。根据上文“we can still have a great schl will still be great”可知，Miller在歌里面列举在线学习的好处。故选D项。
24、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在列出了在线学习的好处之后，Miller加入了合唱，告诉他的学生他们可以期待什么。A. expect期待；B. develp发展；C. treasure珍爱；D. crrespnd符合。根据下文“When back,” he sings. “Yu really start t shine. N matter what, I'm here fr yu.”可知，Miller告诉他的学生他们可以期待回到校园之后的生活。故选A项。
25、答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Miller的视频已经获得了超过25000次的点击量和许多支持的评论。A. bjective客观的；B. indifferent冷漠的；C. casual随意的；D. supprtive支持的。根据“psitive respnses”可知，此处表示他得到了支持的评论。故选D项。
26、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师是人间的天使。A. heres英雄；B. spirits精神；C. angels天使；D. spnsrs赞助者。根据“psitive respnses”和空后的“n earth in human frm”可知，Miller的视频得到了积极的评论，有人把教师比喻成人间的天使。故选C项。
27、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接受WMTV电视台采访时，Miller表示，他通常每学年都以一首歌开始。A. interview采访；B. cnversatin对话；C. debate辩论；D. argument争论。 “WMTV”是电视台，所以可知此处是接受采访。故选A项。
28、答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：在接受WMTV电视台采访时，Miller表示，他通常每学年都以一首歌开始。A. specially特别地；B. nrmally通常地；C. particularly尤其；D. temprarily暂时地。根据“every schl year”可知，Miller经常这么做。故选B项。
29、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位老师说，他被学生们的积极反应惊呆了。A. influenced影响；B. burdened使负担；C. verwhelmed使征服；D. defeated打败。根据“he had t be mre creative”可知，此处指他被积极的评论所震惊，所以他必须更有创意。故选C项。
30、答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今年得到的关注真的完全出乎意料。A. strength力量；B. preference偏爱；C. respnsibility责任；D. attentin注意。根据“psitive respnses”可知，此处指受到的关注。故选D项。
31、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今年得到的关注真的完全出乎意料。A. cntrl控制；B. reach达到；C. expectatin期望；D. recgnitin识别。根据“The teacher said he's been _______ by the psitive respnses he's gtten”可知，他被学生们的积极反应惊呆了，所以可以推断得到的关注是出乎意料的。beynd expectatin意为“出乎意料”。故选C项。
32、答案：①dzens②t kill③an④when⑤it⑥largely⑦with⑧but⑨Hw⑩are cntrlled
解析：①考查固定短语。句意：每次坐地铁，我都发现自己被很多玩智能手机的乘客包围着。短语dzens f，意为“很多”，符合句意，故填dzens。
②考查不定式。句意：你可能认为玩智能手机来消磨时间是很正常的。设空处为目的状语，应用不定式，故填t kill。
③考查冠词。句意：更糟糕的是，当我和我的一些朋友聊天时，他们边玩边聊天，这真的是一个烦恼。设空处修饰名词，表泛指，应用冠词，annyance以元音音素开头，故填an。
④考查定语从句。句意：我真的很怀念以前在火车上和一些乘客聊天的日子。分析可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the ld days，关系词在从句中做时间状语，故填when。
⑤考查固定句型。句意：和他们说话的时候，你好像打扰了他们玩手机。分析可知，本句为固定句型it seems that，意为“似乎，好像……”，符合句意，故填it。
⑥考查副词。句意：有时我只是觉得我们在很大程度上忽略了邻居，只想通过互联网与远方的陌生人保持联系。设空处修饰动词，应用副词作状语，故填largely。
⑦考查固定短语。句意：同上。短语keep in tuch with，意为“和……保持联系”，符合句意，故填with。
⑧考查并列连词。句意：我们关心远处的东西，却不注意近处的需要。前后两句为并列句，表转折关系，故填but。
⑨考查感叹句。句意：这种情况多么荒谬!本句为感叹句，对形容词ridiculus进行感叹，应用hw，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Hw。
⑩考查时态和语态。句意：在某种程度上，我们现在被智能手机控制了。分析可知，设空处为谓语，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语和谓语之间时被动关系，用被动语态，故填are cntrlled。
33、答案：recgnitin
解析：考查名词。句意：二十年后我回到家乡，这个城市变得面目全非。根据汉语提示和句子结构，空处填名词recgnitin，构成固定短语beynd recgnitin，表示“面目全非”。故填recgnitin。
34、答案：admiratin
解析：考查名词。句意：我对消防员的勇气和不抱怨精神表示钦佩。空格处是宾语，要用名词。故填admiratin。
35、答案：preference/reference
解析：考查名词。句意：有几个原因可以解释我对西方绘画的偏爱。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词preference，作宾语，故填preference。
36、答案：impressive
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们的中国同行穿着典型的中国服装会给人留下深刻的印象。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词impressive，作表语。故填impressive。
37、答案：anxiety
解析：考查名词。句意：如果你担心你的健康，和你的医生分享你的焦虑。“焦虑/担心”为名词anxiety，作宾语，不可数，故填anxiety。
38、答案：apply
解析：考查动词。句意：我们不仅要知道理论，而且要知道如何把理论应用于实践。分析句子结构可知，此处疑问词hw接动词不定式作宾语，根据首字母和空后“it t practice”可知，apply运用于，动词，符合题意。故填apply。
39、答案：advanced/dvanced
解析：考查形容词。句意：带你们参观了我们学校之后，我们将向你们介绍我们最先进的科学实验室。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填形容词advanced，作定语修饰lab。故填advanced。
40、答案：attracted/ttracted
解析：考查动词。句意：这个作品由于融合了现代和传统的中国元素而引起了很多关注。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词attract，作谓语，结合语境可知为一般过去时。故填attracted。
41、答案：fcused/cused
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由于他的注意力集中在做作业上，他把我告诉他的话全忘了。根据句意“集中于”和首字母提示以及空后的“n”可知，此处为动词短语fcus n，“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，his attentin和fcus为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填fcused。
42、答案：Apparently/pparently
解析：考查副词。句意：很明显，他对吸烟似乎戒不掉。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填副词apparently，作状语，首字母大写。故填Apparently。
43、答案：The man pushed him by design, which made him very angry
解析：考查固定短语和定语从句。主语为the man；表示“推”应用动词push，后跟him，作宾语；表示“故意”短语为by design；后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句，表示“让他非常生气”翻译为make him very angry，为一般过去时。故翻译为The man pushed him by design, which made him very angry.
44、答案：The nise was s lud that I culdn’t cncentrate n my bk.
解析：考查时态和结果状语从句。“嗓音”是the nise，“太……没有办法做某事”也就是“如此……以至于不能……”是结果状语从句，“大”用lud作表语，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，nise是不可数名词，后面的be动词用was，“专心看书”是cncentrate n my bk，“没有办法做某事”是culdn’t d sth.，因此整句话翻译为“The nise was s lud that I culdn’t cncentrate n my bk”。故答案为The nise was s lud that I culdn’t cncentrate n my bk.
45、答案：He prefers reading bks t playing with him.
解析：考查固定搭配和动词时态。表示“他”应用he；表示“宁愿……也不愿意……”应用固定搭配prefer ding...，表示“看书”应用read bks；表示“和他一起玩”应用play with him；句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为he，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式；read和play使用动名词形式。故翻译为He prefers reading bks t playing with him.。
46、答案：He recmmends that she (shuld) stay with the children.
解析：考查固定搭配和虚拟语气。句子描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时，“建议”可表示为recmmend，主语是he，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式recmmends，后跟that引导的宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，谓语用“（shuld）+动词原形”的形式；“和……待在一起”可表示为stay with；“孩子们”可表示为children。故本句可翻译为：He recmmends that she (shuld) stay with the children.
47、答案：The driver felt very scared because the car gt ut f cntrl.
解析：考查时态、原因状语从句和固定搭配。根据汉语提示中的“因为……”，本句可翻译为含有because引导的原因状语从句的主从复合句。“司机”可表示为driver；“害怕”可表示为scared；“失去了控制”可表示为get ut f cntrl。根据句意，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故本句可翻译为：The driver felt very scared because the car gt ut f cntrl.
48、答案：
Dear Mike,
I’m very glad t have received the letter yu sent me last week. Frm my pint f view, yu can chse t cme t China after finishing yur studies.
Fr ne reasn, China’s develpment ver the past 30 years ffers quantities f jb pprtunities fr the yung. Fr anther reasn, China is a cuntry with s different cultures and traditins frm the west that many freigners enjy living and wrking here. Finally, yur majr is badly needed in China nwadays.
If yu cme here, I will d what I can t help yu. I’m lking frward t yur cming.
Yurs,
Li Hua