湖南省长郡中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份湖南省长郡中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，完成句子，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
The STAR Ec Statin is an envirnmental science museum, a wildlife rescue center, and a shelter fr endangered and illegally-traded freign animals cnfiscated (没收) by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. It carries ut the missin “Preservatin thrugh Educatin” by educating visitrs abut the preservatin f the envirnment and the inter-dependence f all living things.
Field trips
STAR Ec Statin hsts field trips fr schls and camps thrughut Suthern Califrnia. Each field trip lasts tw hurs, cnsisting f a ne-hur gathering and a ne-hur tur f the facility, with lessns assciated with Califrnia State Science Standards.
Thrughut the field trip, students learn abut the latest develpments in envirnmental prtectin and the ways in which wildlife interacts with varius ecsystems. The students als receive an up-clse and hands-n experience with ur rescued freign wildlife. The tur includes different envirnmental exhibits that shwcase the ways students can help prtect animals in the wild.
Field trips are ffered n weekdays nly, frm 10 p.m. r 12 p.m. The rate is $6 per visitr, bth child and adult, with a $120 minimum. We ffer ne free adult per 10 children fr grups f 40 r mre. Maximum capacity is 120 peple per field trip.
Public turs
Guided turs f the STAR Ec Statin intrduce visitrs t ver tw hundred rescued freign wildlife. Each tur is led by an Ec Statin staff member, and features fun animal facts, hands-n animal encunters, surprising rescue stries, envirnmental exhibits, and riginal appraches t ging green. Visitrs may nly see the animals n a guided tur, fr bth yur safety and the safety f ur animals.
The guided tur lasts apprximately 45-60 minutes. Public turs are ffered n Saturday and Sunday, frm 10 p.m. (last tur begins at 3 p.m.). Our guided public turs start every hur n the hur. Visitrs are served n a first-cme, first-served basis. N reservatins are required. Hwever, turs may sell ut. We suggest larger grups schedule a private tur.
Nte:
Our regular public turs times are subject t change withut ntice. Please call in advance fr the mst up-t-date infrmatin.
1、The STAR Ec Statin aims t ________.
A. help research wildlife abrad
B. raise awareness f wildlife prtectin
C. cllect mney fr animal shelters
D. prvide a knwledge f unusual animals
2、What can students d during a field trip?
A. Make a speech n the envirnment.
B. Take part in freign wildlife rescue.
C. Get t knw why species get endangered.
D. Learn hw living things affect each ther.
3、Fr a guided tur, visitrs shuld knw that________.
A. large grups are served firstB. it is available n weekdays
C. its time culd changeD. bking is needed
“Meet me in the cnference rm with the cntracts and a cup f cffee,” my bss barked at me. “Ten minutes.”
I didn’t respnd. I std still as if my shes had been glued t the flr. I had n intentin f taking a cup f anything t anyne, supervisr r nt.
I had seen with my wn eyes what such behavir did t a wman. It happened t Mrs. Wilsn next dr. Old Mr. Wilsn culdn’t put in his wn false teeth withut his wife’s assistance, let alne make himself lunch. It was a miserable unin. I vwed by age eight that I wuld never live like her. I adpted the mtt: Dn’t help thse wh wn’t help themselves.
I rushed t the file rm and pulled my phne. I explained t my father what had happened and asked his advice n what t d, nly t be asked back. He must have frgtten the unwritten rule between us abut nt answering a questin with a questin. Frtunately, I came up with an idea that wuld have the best f bth wrlds.
I tk up the files and headed fr the cffee pt. I tk tw cups and made tw cups f cffee. Then I walked int the bss’ ffice with a cup f cffee in each hand. I handed my bss a cup f cffee and drank at the same time as him.
“Let’s take a break,” partway thrugh the meeting, my bss std, saying. “I need mre cffee.” I picked up my empty cup. “I d, t,” I said, and handed it t him acrss the table. “Thanks,” I added, lking at him expectantly. The bss was staggered fr a mment, and then tk the cup frm me.
When I finally left my bss’ ffice, I hid in the bathrm and called my dad. My father’s laughter n the phne made me feel even pruder.
4、Why des the authr mentin the Wilsns?
A. T shw hw the cuple grew ld tgether.
B. T picture what she will be like when she ages.
C. T stress her ppsitin t inequality in sciety.
D. T explain her unwillingness t serve the cffee.
5、What did the authr mean by bringing tw cups f cffee t meet the bss?
A. She meant t share instead f serving.
B. She planned t have the bss serve her later.
C. She intended t play a trick n her mean bss.
D. She wanted t save the truble f ding it again.
6、What des the underlined wrd “staggered” mean in the sixth paragraph?
A. Annyed.B. Shcked.C. Cnfused.D. Excited.
7、What can we learn abut the authr frm the text?
A. She figured ut hw t shw respect fr her superir.
B. She fund it practical t seek slutins frm her father.
C. She tk a sensible apprach t standing up fr herself.
D. She cnsidered it significant t fight against men bravely.
Plastic-Eating Wrms
Humans prduce mre than 300 millin tns f plastic every year. Almst half f that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up t 12 millin tns pllute the ceans. S far there is n effective way t get rid f it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stmachs f sme hungry wrms.
Researchers in Spain and England recently fund that the wrms f the greater wax mth can break dwn plyethylene, which accunts fr 40% f plastics. The team left 100 wax wrms n a cmmercial plyethylene shpping bag fr 12 hurs, and the wrms cnsumed and brke dwn abut 92 milligrams, r almst 3% f it. T cnfirm that the wrms’ chewing alne was nt respnsible fr the plyethylene breakdwn, the researchers made sme wrms int paste(糊状物) and applied it t plastic films. 14 hurs later the films had lst 13% f their mass — apparently brken dwn by enzymes (酶) frm the wrms’ stmachs. Their findings were published in Current Bilgy in 2017.
Federica Bertcchini, c-authr f the study, says the wrms’ ability t break dwn their everyday fd — beeswax — als allws them t break dwn plastic. ＂Wax is a cmplex mixture, but the basic bnd in plyethylene, the carbn-carbn bnd, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax wrm evlved a methd r system t break this bnd. ＂
Jennifer DeBruyn, a micrbilgist at the University f Tennessee, wh was nt invlved in the study, says it is nt surprising that such wrms can break dwn plyethylene. But cmpared with previus studies, she finds the speed f breaking dwn in this ne exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be t identify the cause f the breakdwn. Is it an enzyme prduced by the wrm itself r by its gut micrbes(肠道微生物)?
Bertcchini agrees and hpes her team’s findings might ne day help emply the enzyme t break dwn plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in sme kind f industrial prcess — nt simply ＂millins f wrms thrwn n tp f the plastic.＂
8、What can we learn abut the wrms in the study?
A. They take plastics as their everyday fd.
B. They are newly evlved creatures.
C. They can cnsume plastics.
D. They wind up in landfills.
9、Accrding t Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step f the study is t ________.
A. identify ther means f the breakdwn
B. find ut the surce f the enzyme
C. cnfirm the research findings
D. increase the breakdwn speed
10、It can be inferred frm the last paragraph that the chemical might ________.
A. help t raise wrms
B. help make plastic bags
C. be used t clean the ceans
D. be prduced in factries in future
11、What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T explain a study methd n wrms.
B. T intrduce the diet f a special wrm.
C. T present a way t break dwn plastics.
D. T prpse new means t keep ec-balance.
Catherine Garland, a physics prfessr, started seeing “the prblem” in 2019. She’d laid ut the assignment clearly during an engineering curse, but student after student was calling her ver fr help. They were all getting the same errr message: The prgram culdn’t find their files.
Garland thught it wuld be an easy fix. She asked each student where they had saved their prject. “Culd they be n the desktp? Perhaps in the Dcuments flder?” But ver and ver, she was met with cnfusin. “What are yu talking abut?” multiple students inquired. Gradually, Garland came t the realizatin: the cncept f file flders and directries, essential t previus generatins, understanding f cmputers, is gibberish t many mdern students.
Garland’s mental mdel is cmmnly knwn as “directry structure”, the hierarchical system (层级体系) f flders used t arrange files. What have caused the mental mdel t change? It is pssible that many students spent their high schl years string dcuments in the clud strage like OneDrive and Drpbx rather than in physical spaces. It culd als have t d with the ther apps they’re accustmed t. “When I want t scrll (滚屏) ver t Snapchat, Twitter, they’re nt in any particular rder, but I knw exactly where they are,” says Vgel, wh is a devted iPhne user. Sme f it bils dwn t muscle memry.
It may als be that in an age where every user interface includes a search functin, yung peple have never needed flders r directries. The first internet search engines were used arund 1990, but features like Windws Search are prducts f the early 2000s. While many f tday’s prfessrs grew up withut search functins, tday’s students increasingly dn’t remember a wrld withut them.
Sme may blame the generatinal incmpetence. An internatinal study claimed that nly 2 percent f Generatin Z (brn frm 1997 nwards) had achieved the “digital native” level f cmputer literacy. But the issue is likely nt that mdern students are learning fewer digital skills, but rather that they’re learning different nes. Garland, fr all her knwledge f directry structure, desn’t understand Instagram nearly as well as her students d. “They use cmputers ne way, and we use cmputers anther way,” Garland emphasizes. “That’s where the prblem lies.”
12、The wrd “gibberish” in paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t________.
A. cmmnB. accessibleC. nnsenseD. fundamental
13、What can be cncluded frm paragraph 3 and 4?
A. There is n search functin in the directry structure.
B. Cllege prfessrs have weaker muscles than students d.
C. Mdern students like t stre dcuments in physical drives.
D. The change in mental mdels reflects the prgress in technlgy.
14、By mentining Garland’s and Vgel’s stries, the authr________.
A. highlights the different mindsets f tw generatins
B. criticizes mdern students’ veruse f nline apps
C. shws the difficulty f teaching tday’s students
D. calls n a change in the educatin f physics
15、Accrding t the passage, what can best address “the prblem” mentined at the beginning and the ending?
A. Teaching students directry structure.
B. Imprving generatinal understanding.
C. Enhancing Generatin Z’s digital skills.
D. Urging teachers t learn search functins.
二、七选五
16、Die clicks a buttn and watches as her neighbrhd is flded. The shrelines are first t g. ①_______. By the time seawater reaches the senir center, it has flded streets and ver a dzen brick hmes. Die mves her head up and dwn, side t side, taking in the simulated（仿真的）view. This is what culd happen t Turner Statin, a histric African American cmmunity sutheast f Baltimre, as sea levels rise.
Climate change presents many challenges t castal cmmunities and t thse trying t prepare fr its impacts, but ne f the mst basic is als ne f the mst bthersme: ②_______ Cmmunicating the realness and immediacy（紧迫）f the climate threat is hugely imprtant t climate researchers and thse aiming t cut dwn what it causes. But it's als the mst imprtant t cmmunities faced with cming changes that are already unavidable. ③_______ That's why Die and ther residents are being directed t sit in metal chairs, put n virtual（模拟）reality headsets and watch their hmes be flded.
④_______. It has partnered（合作）with the Prt f Baltimre, a few nnprfits and a lcal landscape architecture firm t adpt（采用）a range f tls and ways t cmmunicate climate change t the public, because every persn is different and every place is different.
The virtual reality prgram is nly the mst recent, and perhaps the mst effective step. ⑤_______. But tricking peple is nt the gal f the sea level rise simulatin（模拟）being used at Turner Statin, says James, ne f the prgram's develpers. "The gal," he says, "is t start a cnversatin and help flks visualize（想象）the impacts f climate change and the slutins, and als discuss the trade-ffs between them."
A. Then, the baseball fields at Fleming Park.
B. Virtual reality is the prduct f the rapid develpment f it.
C. These prjects need public supprt and input
D. Des the cmmunity depend n the shipping industry fr its survival?
E. Hw d yu shw peple and cnvince them f a pssible future?
F. Virtual reality is an immersive experience（身临其境的体验）that can trick the human brain int thinking it's real.
G. Turner Statin, a cmmunity which gets flded easily, is trying t prepare.
三、完形填空（15空）
There was an ak tree in my yard, clse t where neighbrs parked their cars. One day I saw a big bird surrunding a baby squirrel(松鼠), as if 1 it. S I picked up a rck, and being 2 t aim, I threw the rck at the the stne bunced ff a 3 breaking the windshield(挡风玻璃)f a new white Prius car. My bld ran cld.
In 4 yet calmly, I put my persnal infrmatin under the windshield, went back inside and watched t 5 which neighbr’s car windw I destryed. Later a yung man came t the Prius and I ran ut t 6 the accident and prmised t 7 . He was a mild and gentle man. He called his relatives—my neighbrs, wh were als very 8 . After sme 9 , I knew that they planned t attend a wedding nw they had n car! I quietly cried 10 but that made this family even kinder-they 11 me and decided t take a taxi.
The very next day I received a 12 frm an agent f the man’s insurance ffice. In a(n) 13 vice f further kindness, she accepted my explanatin f hw this accidental damage ccurred and agreed t 14 all.
I was impressed by the example set by everyne cncerned and what 15 lked like.
17、A. parentingB. huntingC. defendingD. caching
18、A. certainB. freeC. likelyD. willing
19、A. carB. relativeC. branchD. neighbr
20、A. delightB. anxietyC. despairD. curisity
21、A. imagineB. judgeC. recrdD. see
22、A. explainB. preventC. witnessD. investigate
23、A. take respnsibilityB. make changes
C. turn verD. back up
24、A. cnfusedB. kindC. activeD. scared
25、A. cnflictsB. examinatinC. exchangesD. reflectin
26、A. in reliefB. with fearC. in regretD. with anger
27、A. surprisedB. inspiredC. guidedD. cmfrted
28、A. ticketB. letterC. receiptD. call
29、A. mixedB. thrilledC. displeasedD. unexpected
30、A. spnsrB. cverC. admitD. release
31、A. justiceB. ptimismC. frgivenessD. sympathy
四、短文填空
32、The Internet has nw becme the first place that the majrity f peple turn ①_______ fr infrmatin. It has als made ur lives ②_______ (unbelievable) cnvenient, with all srts f gds and services prvided by electrnic cmmerce, mre cmmnly ③_______(knw) as e-cmmerce. Yu can have fd delivered t yu using fd ④_______(deliver) apps and sites. Gne ⑤_______ (be) the days f searching shp after shp fr the perfect pair f bts yu can cmpare styles and prices quickly and easily in the cmfrt f yur living rm. Why wait hpelessly fr ⑥_______ taxi in the cld rain? It is nw simple and fast t rder ne with a taxi app. Sit back and relax indrs fr a few warm minutes ⑦_______ the driver arrives. When yu wish t g n hliday, yu can make all yur travel ⑧_______(arrangement) just in frnt f the cmputer. Frgt ⑨_______(carry) cash? It is nt ⑩_______(necessity) t wrry-yu can pay fr almst everything n yur smartphne.
五、完成句子
33、Fr anther thing, due t the Amazn’s ht climate, it is difficult fr the sil t __________________ enugh nutrients.(根据句意填空)
34、At the same time, Miss Brwn quickly pened the classrm dr, __________________ it became damaged during the shaking and culd nt pen. (根据句意填空)
35、__________________,Miss Brwn sensed it was the best time fr the class t make their escape. (根据句意填空)
36、It __________________ a huge tree: the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire! (根据句意填空)
37、The cries f wmen __________________; the men lked at each ther, but were silent. (根据句意填空)
六、书面表达
38、学校英文报正在开展以“Ppular Bks Amng Students”为题的讨论。请依据图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.读书状况描述；
2.简单评论；
3.你的建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ppular Bks Amng Students
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、读后续写
39、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a Sunday mrning. Betty wke up earlier than usual. She culdn’t sleep any lnger because she was s excited that her uncle Mark was taking her t the beach. She had always lved ging surfing with her uncle. She put her swimming suit n and tk her bag quickly that she had prepared the night befre and went utside t wait. She jumped up and dwn with jy when she saw her uncle’s red jeep turn the crner dwn her street.
Uncle Mark gt ut f the car and helped Betty get in. “Are yu ready?” he asked. “Yes!” replied Betty. Uncle Mark culd see the excitement in her face. Suddenly he said seriusly, “well, befre we g, I have t let yu knw that a shark appeared recently where we’re ging t surf tday.” Scared and shcked, Betty culdn’t say a wrd. “Haha! I’m kidding yu, “Uncle Mark burst ut laughing. Betty laughed t. She knew Uncle Mark liked teasing thers. “Let’s g and have sme breakfast, I knw just the place,” Uncle Mark said. They went t a breakfast shp and ate sme tacs (炸玉米饼).
After breakfast the tw f them went dwn t Pacific Beach and gt their surfbards ready. “First yu have t wax (打蜡) the bttm,” explained Uncle Mark. “I knw. I’ve watched yu d it befre!” Betty said as she tk the wax frm Uncle Mark’s hand. It tk abut 15 minutes t wax the bttm f their bards. When Betty finished, Uncle Mark lked it ver t make sure it was dne well. “Nice jb, Betty, yu wax yur bard like a true surfer.”
Finally, they were ready t get int the water. They carried their bards dwn t the beach and went ut int the water. Betty was verly excited and tried t rush t catch a wave. Predictably, she crashed and had t start ver. Next was her uncle’s turn. He std up n his first try and smthly surfed the wave befre jumping int the water. Betty cheered fr her uncle’s perfect run.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
All f a sudden, Betty felt smething tuching the bttm f her ft.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Help! Help!” Betty screamed in hrrr.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“It carries ut the missin “Preservatin thrugh Educatin” by educating visitrs abut the preservatin f the envirnment and the inter-dependence f all living things.(它通过教育游客了解保护环境和所有生物的相互依存性，完成“通过教育保护野生动物”的任务)”可知，STAR Ec Statin的目标是提高保护野生动物的认识。故选B。
2、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Field trips部分中的“Thrughut the field trip, students learn abut the latest develpments in envirnmental prtectin and the ways in which wildlife interacts with varius ecsystems.(在整个实地考察过程中，学生们学习了环境保护方面的最新进展，以及野生动物与各种生态系统相互作用的方式)”可知，学生在实地考察中能了解生物是如何相互影响的。故选D。
3、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Nte部分中的“Our regular public turs times are subject t change withut ntice.(我们常规的公众参观时间如有更改，恕不另行通知)”可知，由导游陪同的旅游，游客应该知道参观时间有可能有更改。故选C。
4、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“I vwed by age eight that I wuld never live like her. I adpted the mtt: Dn’t help thse wh wn’t help themselves.(我八岁时就发誓绝不像她那样生活。我的座右铭是：不要帮助那些不会帮助自己的人。)”可推断，作者提到威尔逊夫妇是解释她不愿意上咖啡的原因，因为她不想违背自己座右铭。故选D。
5、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段“Then I walked int the bss’ ffice with a cup f cffee in each hand. I handed my bss a cup f cffee and drank at the same time as him.( 然后我走进老板的办公室，两只手各拿了一杯咖啡。我递给老板一杯咖啡，和他同时喝了。)”可推断，作者带两杯咖啡去见老板是表明她想分享而不是服务。故选A。
6、答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据前文““I d, t,” I said, and handed it t him acrss the table. “Thanks,” I added, lking at him expectantly.(“我也是。”我说着，隔着桌子递给了他。“谢谢。”我补充道，期待地看着他。)”可知，老板没想到作者会让自己去倒咖啡，这使他很震惊。所以staggered为“震惊的”之意。故选B。
7、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Frtunately, I came up with an idea that wuld have the best f bth wrlds.(幸运的是，我想出了一个两全其美的主意。)”及全文可知，文章讲述了作者在不违背自己座右铭的前提下，完美地解决了老板要作者上咖啡的事情。所以推断作者采取了明智的方法来维护自己。故选C。
8、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段Federica Bertcchini, c-authr f the study, says the wrms’ ability t break dwn their everyday fd — beeswax — als allws them t break dwn plastic.可知，研究结果发现，蠕虫分解日常食物的能力让它们可以分解塑料，也就是说它们可以消费塑料。故选C。
9、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段The next step, DeBruyn says, will be t identify the cause f the breakdwn. Is it an enzyme prduced by the wrm itself r by its gut micrbes(肠道微生物)?可知，下一步研究是辨清分解的原因，查明这种酶来源于哪里，是虫子自己产生的还是它肠道里的微生物产生的。故选B。
10、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段But she expects using the chemical in sme kind f industrial prcess — nt simply ＂millins f wrms thrwn n tp f the plastic.＂可以推断出，Bertcchini希望这种化学物质将来能在工业生产中使用，而不是仅仅依靠蠕虫来分解塑料。故选D。
11、答案：C
解析：写作意图题。根据文章第一段最后一句S far there is n effective way t get rid f it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stmachs f sme hungry wrms.可知，有一种新的方法被用于分解塑料。再根据最后一段最后一句But she expects using the chemical in sme kind f industrial prcess — nt simply ＂millins f wrms thrwn n tp f the plastic.＂可知，Bertcchini希望将这种方法推广到工业中。由此可以推知写作意图为介绍一种分解塑料的方法。故选C。
12、答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段的“She asked each student where they had saved their prject. “Culd they be n the desktp? Perhaps in the Dcuments flder?”But ver and ver, she was met with cnfusin. “What are yu talking abut?” multiple students inquired.(她问每个学生他们把项目保存在哪里。“它们可能在桌面上吗？可能在Dcuments文件夹中？”但一次又一次，她遇到了困惑。“你在说什么?”许多学生问)”可知，学生们不理解Garland所说的desktp或者Dcuments flder。由此可知，Garland意识到对前几代人来说理解计算机必不可少的文件夹和目录概念，对许多现代学生来说是毫无意义的。即gibberish意为“毫无意义的话”，与nnsense同义。故选C。
13、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“What have caused the mental mdel t change? It is pssible that many students spent their high schl years string dcuments in the clud strage like OneDrive and Drpbx rather than in physical spaces. It culd als have t d with the ther apps they’re accustmed t. (是什么导致了思维模式的改变？有可能许多学生在高中时期将文件存储在OneDrive和Drpbx这样的云存储中，而不是在物理空间中。这也可能与他们习惯使用的其他应用程序有关)”和第四段“It may als be that in an age where every user interface includes a search functin, yung peple have never needed flders r directries. The first internet search engines were used arund 1990, but features like Windws Search are prducts f the early 2000s. (也可能是在每个用户界面都包含搜索功能的时代，年轻人从来不需要文件夹或目录。第一个互联网搜索引擎是在1990年左右使用的，但像Windws搜索这样的功能是21世纪初的产品)”推知，思维模式的改变反映了科技的进步。故选D。
14、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“Garland’s mental mdel is cmmnly knwn as “directry structure”, the hierarchical system (层级体系) f flders used t arrange files. (Garland的思维模式通常被称为“目录结构”，即用于排列文件的文件夹的分层系统)”和“Sme f it bils dwn t muscle memry.(有些可以归结为肌肉记忆)”推知，作者提到Garland和Vge的故事，是为了强调两代人之间不同的思维模式。故选A。
15、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the issue is likely nt that mdern students are learning fewer digital skills, but rather that they’re learning different nes. Garland, fr all her knwledge f directry structure, desn’t understand Instagram nearly as well as her students d. “They use cmputers ne way, and we use cmputers anther way,” Garland emphasizes. “That’s where the prblem lies.”(但问题可能不在于现代学生学习的数字技能越来越少，而在于他们学习的数字技能有所不同。尽管Garland对目录结构很了解，但她对Instagram的理解远不如她的学生。Garland强调：“他们使用电脑的方式是一种，而我们使用电脑的方式是另一种。”“这就是问题所在。”)”推知，解决问题的最好方法是增进代际理解。故选B。
16、答案：①-⑤AECGF
解析：本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了为了提高居民对气候变化的真实性和即时性的认识，巴尔的摩东南部的一个历史悠久的非洲裔美国人社区运用了虚拟现实技术，帮助人们想象气候变化的影响和解决方案。
①上文“Die clicks a buttn and watches as her neighbrhd is flded. The shrelines are first t g.(Die单击按钮，看着她的社区被洪水淹没。海岸线是第一个被摧毁的)”；A项“Then, the baseball fields at Fleming Park.(然后是弗莱明公园的棒球场)”，可知，洪水在摧毁海岸线之后，又毁了棒球场。上文有“first”，A项有“then”，语意连贯，为先后顺序。故选A项。
②前半句“Climate change presents many challenges t castal cmmunities and t thse trying t prepare fr its impacts, but ne f the mst basic is als ne f the mst bthersme: (气候变化给沿海社区和那些设法为其影响而做着准备的人带来了许多挑战，但其中最基本也是最麻烦的之一：)”可知，关键词为“many challenges”，E项“Hw d yu shw peple and cnvince them f a pssible future?(你如何向人们展示并说服他们相信一个可能的未来？)”，解释了上文中提及的这些挑战中“最基本也是最麻烦的那个”。下文“Cmmunicating the realness and immediacy (紧迫) f the climate threat is hugely imprtant t climate researchers and thse aiming t cut dwn what it causes. (传递气候威胁的真实性和即时性是对于气候研究人员和那些旨在减少其结果的人来说，非常重要)”可知，E项的“a pssible future”即指下文的“the realness and immediacy f the climate threat”，上下文语意连贯，故选E项。
③上文“But it's als the mst imprtant t cmmunities faced with cming changes that are already unavidable.(但对于面临即将到来的已经不可避免的变化的社区来说，这也是最重要的)”，下文“That's why Die and ther residents are being directed t sit in metal chairs, put n virtual (模拟）reality headsets and watch their hmes be flded (这就是为什么Die和其他居民被要求坐在金属椅子，戴上模拟现实耳机，观看着家园被洪水淹没)”可知，居民们看洪水淹没社区的虚拟场景以了解气候威胁的严重性。C项“These prjects need public supprt and input (这些项目需要公众的支持和投入)”可知，上文为“因”，C项为“果”；C项为“因”，下文为“果”。故选C项。
④下文“It has partnered (合作) with the Prt f Baltimre, a few nnprfits and a lcal landscape architecture firm t adpt (采用) a range f tls and ways t cmmunicate climate change t the public, because every persn is different and every place is different.(它和巴尔的摩港（Baltimre），一些非营利组织和当地的景观建筑公司合作，采用一系列通信工具和通信方式向公众传递气候变化，因为每个人都是不同的，每个地方都是不同的)”；G项“Turner Statin, a cmmunity which gets flded easily, is trying t prepare. (特纳车站（Turner Statin），一个容易被洪水淹没的社区，正努力做好准备)”可知，下文的主语“It”指代G项的“Turner Statin”，语意顺畅，故选G项。
⑤下文“But tricking peple is nt the gal f the sea level rise simulatin (模拟) being used at Turner Statin, says James, ne f the prgram's develpers.(但是欺骗人不是使用在特纳站海平面上升模拟场景的目的，一个程序的开发人员詹姆斯说)”；F项“Virtual reality is an immersive experience (身临其境的体验) that can trick the human brain int thinking it's real (虚拟现实是一个身临其境的体验，可以欺骗人类大脑思考这是真实的)”可知，两句中都有“trick”，虚拟现实，会骗人，但运用虚拟现实展示气候变化带来的洪水泛滥场景，不是用来骗人的，而是为了提高居民对气候变化的真实性和即时性的认识。故选F项。
17、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我看到一只大鸟围着一只小松鼠，好像在追捕它。 A. parenting养育；B. hunting打猎；C. defending防御；D. caching指导。根据上文“One day I saw a big bird surrunding a baby squirrel(松鼠),”以及下文“I threw the rck at the bird” 可知，大鸟围着松鼠像是在捕猎，所以作者朝鸟扔了石子。故选B。
18、答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于是我捡起一块石头，确定了目标，就朝那只鸟扔去……但石头从树枝上弹开，打破了一辆新的白色普锐斯汽车的挡风玻璃。 A. certain确定的；B. free 自由的；C. likely可能的；D. willing 愿意的。根据下文“t aim, I threw the rck at the bird”可知，指作者捡起一块石头，确定了目标，就朝那只鸟扔去。故选A。
19、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是我捡起一块石头，确定了目标，就朝那只鸟扔去……但石头从树枝上弹开，打破了一辆新的白色普锐斯汽车的挡风玻璃。A. car汽车；B. relative亲戚；C. branch 树枝；D. neighbr 邻居。根据上文“There was an ak tree in my yard,”可知，这里指石头从树枝上弹开了，故选C。
20、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我焦虑而平静地把我的个人信息放在挡风玻璃下，回到车里，看我破坏了哪位邻居的车窗。 A. delight 高兴；B. anxiety焦虑；C. despair绝望；D. curisity 好奇。下文“yet calmly,”中 yet表示转折，结合常识，打破了别人的玻璃，作者是焦虑担忧的。故选B。
21、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我焦虑而平静地把我的个人信息放在挡风玻璃下，回到车里，看我破坏了哪位邻居的车窗。A. imagine 想象；B. judge 判断；C. recrd 记录；D. see看见。根据下文“which neighbr’s car windw I destryed.”可知，作者想看清自己打破了哪个邻居的车窗。故选D。
22、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来一个年轻人来开普锐斯，我跑出去解释事故，并承诺承担责任。 A. explain解释；B. prevent 阻止；C. witness目击；D. investigate 调查。根据下文“the accident”可知，作者向年轻人解释打破车窗的原因。故选A。
23、答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来一个年轻人来开普锐斯，我跑出去解释事故，并承诺承担责任。A. take respnsibility负责；B. make changes 做出改变；C. turn ver移交；反复考虑； D. back up支持。根据上文“and I ran ut t____6____the accident and prmised t”可知，作者解释缘由，愿意承担责任。故选A。
24、答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他打电话给他的亲戚，也就是我的邻居，他们也都很善良。 A. cnfused 困惑的；B. kind善良 的；C. active活跃的；D. scared害怕的。根据上文“He was a mild and gentle man. He called his relatives—my neighbrs, wh were als very”中 als 可知，邻居和年轻人一样，都很善良。后文“but that made this family even kinder”也是提示。故选B。
25、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过一番交流，我知道他们打算参加婚礼……现在他们没有车可用了! A. cnflicts 冲突； B. examinatin 检查；C. exchanges交谈；D. reflectin反射。根据下文“I knew that they planned t attend a wedding party”可知，这里指经过交流，得知他们打算参加婚礼。故选C。
26、答案：C
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：我后悔地默默地哭了起来，但这让这家人更加善良了——他们安慰了我，并决定坐出租车去。 A. in relief 松了口气；B. with fear害怕地；C. in regret后悔；D. with anger生气地。根据上文“I quietly cried”可知，作者很后悔破坏了别人的计划。故选C。
27、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我后悔地默默地哭了起来，但这让这家人更加善良了——他们安慰了我，并决定坐出租车去。A. surprised惊讶；B. inspired 鼓舞；C. guided 带领；D. cmfrted 安慰。根据上文“but that made this family even kinder”可知，这家人更加善良了——他们安慰了作者，故选D。
28、答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在第二天，我接到了那个人的保险公司代理人的电话。 A. ticket票；B. letter信；C. receipt 收据；D. call电话。根据下文“frm an agent f the man’s insurance ffice. In a(n)____13____vice f further kindness,”可知，是办公室打来的电话。故选D。
29、答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她更加友好地接受了我对意外损坏原因的解释，并同意全部赔偿。 A. mixed混 合的；B. thrilled 激动的；C. displeased生气的；D. unexpected 意外的。根据下文“vice f further kindness, she accepted my explanatin”可知，代理人出乎意料地友好。故选D。
30、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她更加友好地接受了我对意外损坏原因的解释，并同意全部赔偿。 A. spnsr赞助；B. cver足够支付；C. admit 承认；D. release 释放。下文all指赔偿的费用，应用动词 cver表示“足够支付”。故选 B。
31、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个相关的人树立的榜样以及宽恕的样子给我留下了深刻的印象。 A. justice公平；B. ptimism 乐观；C. frgiveness 原谅；D. sympathy同情。结合上文可知，作者犯了错，打破了别人的车窗，但是取得了年轻人和亲戚的谅解，连代理人也对作者很友好，即体现了宽恕他人。故选C。
32、答案：①t②unbelievably③knwn④delivery⑤are⑥a⑦until/befre⑧arrangements⑨t carry⑩necessary
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了互联网给我们带来的各种便利。
①考查介词。句意：互联网现在已经成为大多数人获取信息的第一场所。turn t“求助于；转向”，符合语境。故填t。
②考查副词。句意：它也使我们的生活变得难以置信的方便，电子商务提供了各种各样的商品和服务，更通常被称为电子商务。形容词cnvenient前用副词形式来修饰。故填unbelievably。
③考查非谓语动词。句意：它也使我们的生活变得难以置信的方便，电子商务提供了各种各样的商品和服务，更通常被称为电子商务。be knwn as“以……著称； 众所周知的……”，所以用动词的过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰electrnic cmmerce。故填knwn。
④考查名词。句意：你可以使用食品配送应用程序和网站将食物送到你的手中。fd delivery“食物外送”，作定语，修饰名短语apps and sites。故填delivery。
⑤考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在一家又一家商店寻找一双完美靴子的日子一去不复返了，你可以在舒适的客厅里快速轻松地比较款式和价格。分析可知，此句形容词提前，用的倒装句，主语是the days，谓语用复数。描述一般事实，应用一般现在时。故填are。
⑥考查冠词。句意：为什么要在冷雨中绝望地等出租车呢？名词taxi为可数名词，泛指，所以用不定冠词来修饰，且taxi发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
⑦考查连词。句意：坐下来，在室内放松几分钟，直到司机到来。/在司机到来之前，你可以在室内坐下来放松几分钟。结合句意，表示“直到……”或“在……之前”，所以用until或befre引导时间状语从句。故填until/befre。
⑧考查名词的数。句意：当你想去度假时，你可以在电脑前安排你所有的旅行。名词arrangement为可数名词，根据all可知，用名词的复数形式。故填arrangements。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意：忘了带现金？frgt t d sth.“忘记做某事”。故填t carry。
⑩考查形容词。句意：没有必要担心——你可以用智能手机支付几乎所有的东西。It is necessary t d sth.固定句型，意为“做某事是有必要的”，此处应用necessary作表语。故填necessary。
33、答案：build up
解析：考查动词短语。句意：另一方面，由于亚马逊炎热的气候，土壤很难积累足够的养分。根据其后的名词“nutrients”可知，所设空处应填build up固定短语，意为“积聚、堆积”，其后接“enugh nutrients (足够的养分)”作宾语，动词不定式后用动词原形，故填build up。
34、答案：in case
解析：考查状语从句。句意：与此同时，布朗小姐迅速打开教室的门，以防它在摇晃中损坏而打不开。引导目的状语从句，表示“以防”应用in case。故填in case。
35、答案：The mment the shaking stpped
解析：考查状语从句和时态。句意：震动停止的那一刻，布朗小姐意识到这是全班同学逃跑的最佳时机。根据“it was the best time fr the class t make their escape”，可知，逃跑的最佳时机是在震动停止时，用the mment引导状语从句，表示“一...就”，主语是“震动”shaking，谓语是stp，根据sensed可知，表示过去用一般过去时，故填The mment the shaking stpped。
36、答案：tk the frm f
解析：考查固定短语和时态。句意：它呈现出一棵大树的形状：树干，黑暗，树枝，火焰！根据“the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire! ”可知，是呈现树的形状，“呈现……的形状”是固定短语take the frm f，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此take用过去式tk，空格处是tk the frm f。故填tk the frm f。
37、答案：brke ut
解析：考查短语。句意：女人突然大哭起来；这些人面面相觑，但沉默不语。break ut爆发。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。根据句意，故填brke ut。
38、答案：
Ppular Bks Amng Students
As can be seen frm the chart, diverse srts f bks hld different prprtins. Science, accunting fr 43% enjys the greatest ppularity amng students, while the classics, ranking the furth place, wins the hearts f 13% students. The prprtins f cmics and Sprts & Music ccupy 26% and 18% respectively.
The phenmenn abve may result frm the fllwing factrs. First f all, nt nly des Science have tight bnds with Physics and Bilgy, but it als is equipped with adequate imaginatin, inspiring ur passinate desire t explre the wrld. Additinally, interesting illustratins are added t the cmics, which prvides a fabulus feast fr eyes.
Persnally, I suggest students shuld read mre classics, which accumulates the wisdm and spirits frm ancestrs, thus having a deeper insight int the pearl f literature.
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文是一篇图表作文。要求考生写一篇投稿短文，根据最受学生欢迎的书的调查结果饼图，进行调查状况描述，做出简单评论以及提出建议。
1.词汇积累
不同的：diverse → different
占：ccupy → accunt fr
此外：Additinally → Mrever
依我之见：Persnally→ In my pinin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The phenmenn abve may result frm the fllwing factrs.
拓展句：The phenmenn which is mentined abve may result frm the fllwing factrs.
【高分句型1】As can be seen frm the chart, diverse srts f bks hld different prprtins.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Persnally, I suggest students shuld read mre classics, which accumulates the wisdm and spirits frm ancestrs, thus having a deeper insight int the pearl f literature.（运用了宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
39、答案：
All f a sudden, Betty felt smething tuching the bttm f her ft. Failing t resist the impulse f curisity, she lwered her glance. Within a secnd, her cheeks paled, and a chill swept ver her bdy. A set f crimsn and fierce eyes came int her sight. A shark, its tail shaking, its jaws clicking, made a leap frm the sea and afterwards dve back int the water. Picturing the shark teeth tre meat ff her leg, Betty felt a sinking in her heart, and her heart in her thrat.
“Help! Help!” Betty screamed in hrrr. N reply. All was silence. The wave f the Pacific Ocean rse, tightening her thrat, making it mre and mre hard t breathe. “Gd bless,” she prayed desperately with quivering lips. Befre the cnsciusness was lst ttally, a familiar vice brke the dead silence. It was Uncle Mark wh swam clse in a rush, grasped Betty firmly with ne hand, and dragged her tward the beach. With the tide gently rlling t her feet, Betty, sitting in the sand felt the wave f relief swept acrss the beach.
解析：本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Betty和叔叔一起去海滩冲浪，结果在海里Betty遇到了鲨鱼，非常害怕。幸亏叔叔及时赶到，救了Betty。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，Betty感到有什么东西在碰她的脚底”可知，第一段可描写Betty发现鲨鱼内心十分害怕。
②由第二段首句内容“‘救命!救命！’Betty惊恐地尖叫起来”可知，第二段可描写Betty求救以及被叔叔救起的经过。
2.续写线索：发现鲨鱼——Betty害怕——Betty尖叫——感到绝望——叔叔赶到——Betty得救
3.词汇激活
行为类
突然：all f a sudden /suddenly
撕下：tear ff/ rip dwn
尖叫：scream/ shut
情绪类
害怕：in hrrr / with fear
如释重负：feel the wave f relief /be relieved
[高分句型1] Failing t resist the impulse f curisity, she lwered her glance. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Befre the cnsciusness was lst ttally, a familiar vice brke the dead silence. (运用了befre引导时间状语从句)