人教版高考英语一轮复习课时分层作业5必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS含答案

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Ⅰ．阅读理解
eq \a\vs4\al(A) eq \a\vs4\al(篇) eq \a\vs4\al(（限时6分钟）)
(2022·南充市高考适应性考试)
Fd festivals are a cmmn ccurrence in the UK and take place in all srts f places and at all srts f times.Whatever yur taste，there's a fd festival t match it — n matter hw special.
Meatpia
This three­day，Lndn­based festival takes place at the end f August r in early September and is a meat lver's paradise.In additin t a range f legally surced meat prducts，frm juicy burgers t tender steaks，attendees can listen t live music，watch butchery demnstratins，and attend infrmal meat­based wrkshps.
The Natinal Hney Shw
If yu have a sweet tth，then it culd be that the Natinal Hney Shw，which started in 1923，is the place fr yu.This three­day event attracts many lcal participants wh shwcase their sweet glden hney，sme f which is sld glbally.
The Orange Sauce Festival
Have yu heard abut a festival that is devted nly t range sauce? Held in Cumbria，this sweet，fragrant festival has been running fr many years.What attracts peple mst is a cmpetitin t find the best hmemade range sauce.There are thusands f participants frm ver 30 different cuntries acrss the glbe，bringing their lcal snacks t share here.
The Ginger (姜) and Spice Festival
If yu'd prefer smething with a little mre kick，then yu culd attend the Ginger and Spice Festival held in Market Draytn.Unlike ther fd festivals，it celebrates its twn's histric cnnectin t Rbert Clive，wh returned frm India with ginger.Because f this，peple here specialize in baking gingerbread，and sell a range f traditinal spices frm mild nes t ht nes.
1．What d Meatpia and The Natinal Hney Shw have in cmmn?
A．Bth f them have a lng histry.
B．Bth f them hld wrkshps.
C．Bth f them riginated frm Lndn.
D．They are f the same duratin.
2．If yu are interested in freign fd，which festival d yu like best?
A．The Meatpia.
B．The Ginger and Spice Festival.
C．The Natinal Hney Shw.
D．The Orange Sauce Festival.
3．What is special abut The Ginger and Spice Festival?
A．It sells spicy fd.
B．The ginger used in the festival is frm India.
C．It has smething t d with a histric figure.
D．The fd is cked by Rbert Clive.
eq \a\vs4\al(B) eq \a\vs4\al(篇) eq \a\vs4\al(（限时7分钟）)
(2022·杭州市第二学期教学质量检测)
They say prcrastinatin (拖延) is the thief f time actually deadlines are.New research has fund that if yu want smene t help yu ut with smething，it is best nt t set a deadline at all.But if yu d set a deadline，make it shrt.
Prfessr Stephen Knwles tested the effect f deadline length n task cmpletin fr their research.Participants were invited t cmplete an nline survey cncerning a charity dnatin.They were given either ne week，ne mnth，r n deadline t respnd.Prfessr Knwles says althugh the tpic f the survey was abut charity，the results are true f any situatin where smene asks anther persn fr help.
The study fund respnses t the survey were lwest fr the ne­mnth deadline and highest when n deadline was specified (明确规定).N deadline and the ne­week deadline led t many early respnses，while a lng deadline appeared t give peple permissin t prcrastinate.Prfessr Knwles wasn't surprised t find that specifying a shrter deadline increased the chances f receiving a respnse cmpared t a lnger deadline.Hwever，he did find it interesting that they received the mst respnses when n deadline was specified.
“We interpret this as evidence that specifying a lnger deadline，as ppsed t a shrt deadline r n deadline at all，remves the urgency t act，”he says.“Peple therefre put ff undertaking the task，and since they are inattentive r frget，pstpning it results in lwer respnse rates.”
He says f the research that it is pssible that nt specifying a deadline might still have led participants t assume that there is an unspken deadline.Prfessr Knwles hpes his research can help reduce the amunt f prcrastinating peple d.“Many peple prcrastinate.They have the best intentins f helping smene ut，but just d nt get arund t ding it.”
4．Why did Prfessr Knwles d the research?
A．T study the rle a deadline plays in prcrastinatin.
B．T find ut whether peple are interested in charity.
C．T attract public attentin t the effects f prcrastinatin.
D．T test the effects f prcrastinatin n task cmpletin.
5．What mst likely lead t prcrastinatin?
A．N deadlines.B．Shrt deadlines.
C．Specific deadlines.D．Lng deadlines.
6．Why d peple prcrastinate when given a lng deadline?
A．They ppse the deadline.
B．They are unwilling t act.
C．They lack a sense f urgency.
D．They are t busy t remember.
7．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Prcrastinatin—the Thief f Time
B．Prcrastinatin—an Urgent Prblem t Slve
C．Deadline—a Result f Prcrastinatin
D．Deadline—the Key t Reducing Prcrastinatin
eq \a\vs4\al(C) eq \a\vs4\al(篇) eq \a\vs4\al(（限时7分钟）)
(2022·湖南省高三六校联考)
In rder t help discver spilage(变质)and reduce fd waste fr supermarkets and cnsumers，researchers have develped new lw­cst，smartphne­linked，ec­friendly spilage sensrs fr meat and fish packaging.
One in three UK cnsumers thrw away fd just because it reaches the use­by date(保存期)，but 60% f the ￡12.5 billin­wrth f fd we thrw away each year is safe t eat.
The researchers，whse findings were published in ACS Sensrs，say the sensrs culd als eventually replace the use­by date—a widely used indicatr f being fresh and eatable.
The sensrs cst tw US cents each t make.Knwn as “paper­based electrical gas sensrs (PEGS)”，they detect spilage gases like ammnia (a pisnus gas with a strng unpleasant smell) in meat and fish prducts.The infrmatin prvided by the electrnic nse is received by a smartphne，and then yu can knw whether the fd is fresh and safe t eat.
Imperial Cllege Lndn researchers wh develped PEGS made the sensrs by printing carbn electrdes(电极) nt a special type f paper.The materials are ec­friendly and harmless，s they dn't damage the envirnment and are safe t use in fd packaging.The sensrs，cmbined with a tiny electrnic system，then infrm nearby mbile devices，which identify and understand the data abut spilage gases.
Lead authr Dr.Firat Guder frm the Department f Biengineering，said，“Althugh they're designed t keep us safe，use­by dates can lead t eatable fd being thrwn away.They dn't always reflect its actual freshness.In fact，peple ften get sick frm fd­brne diseases due t pr strage，even when an item is within its use­by date.”
“These sensrs are cheap enugh s we hpe t see supermarkets using them within three years.Our gal is t use PEGS in fd packaging t reduce unnecessary fd waste.”
The authrs hpe that PEGS culd have applicatins beynd fd prcessing，like sensing chemicals in agriculture and air quality，and detecting disease markers in breath like thse invlved in kidney disease.
8．What is the functin f PEGS accrding t the text?
A．T imprve the taste f fds.
B．T imprve the service f stres.
C．T help supermarkets stre fds.
D．T help peple test fd freshness.
9．What rle des the smartphne play while PEGS are functining?
A．It acts as an electrnic nse.
B．It reads the data cllected by PEGS.
C．It helps print the gas sensrs nt paper.
D．It discvers the spilage gases frm fds.
10．What des Dr.Firat Guder say abut use­by dates?
A．They are nt cmpletely reliable.
B．They can help reduce fd waste.
C．They are based n scientific research.
D．They are nt accepted by the cnsumers.
11．What des the authr mainly talk abut in the text?
A．The prcess f researching spilage sensrs.
B．A new technlgy in packaging t reduce fd waste.
C．The applicatin f spilage sensrs beynd fd prcessing.
D．The influence f use­by dates n supermarkets and cnsumers.
Ⅱ．完形填空 eq \a\vs4\al(（限时12分钟）)
(2022·厦门市第三次质量检测)
While Texans were in the thick f their unprecedented (前所未有的) winter strm，Chelsea Timmns was braving the elements t deliver grceries.She had just tapped “accept” n her final 1 f the day when the strm started picking up.Chelsea 2 and made it t her custmer's hme，but then the wrst happened: Her car was 3 ．
With the rads as 4 as they were，her car slid dwn the driveway. 5 ， it stpped just shrt f the huse.Hwever，it gt stuck.The huse wners were bth 6 and cncerned when Chelsea explained what had happened.
Three f them tried every pssible means t 7 her car，but in vain.That's when the cuple tk the neighbrly next step: They 8 her in.
Chelsea was 9 cming int a stranger's hme.After spending mre time with the cuple and realizing the strm made 10 t dangerus，she was relieved t accept their 11 .Later，they cked her dinner and 12 ne bedrm.
Chelsea was tuched and even mre 13 fr their genersity when learning her apartment lst electricity and water as the 14 wrsened.
“I'm glad that such wnderful peple 15 me.It turned ut t be the best­case scenari.”
1．A．feedbackB．reprt
C．paycheckD．rder
2．A．pushed thrughB．pulled back
C．hung abutD．tk ver
3．A．ut f cntrlB．under guarantee
C．at restD．n fire
4．A．dustyB．icy
C．emptyD．busy
5．A．AnnyinglyB．Instantly
C．LuckilyD．Apparently
6．A．excitedB．satisfied
C．annyedD．shcked
7．A．lckB．paint
C．freeD．wash
8．A．bxedB．filled
C．draggedD．invited
9．A．nervusB．cmfrtable
C．relaxedD．ridiculus
10．A．shppingB．travel
C．accmmdatinD．entertainment
11．A．fferB．appintment
C．challengeD．service
12．A．decratedB．aired
C．sparedD．bked
13．A．eagerB．ready
C．srryD．grateful
14．A．painB．market
C．strmD．cnfusin
15．A．fllwedB．sheltered
C．calledD．cured
Ⅲ．应用文写作 eq \a\vs4\al(（限时13分钟）)
(2022·山东济南二模)
新华中学近期组织了校园劳动周(Campus Labr Week)活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇简短的英文报道。内容包括：
1．活动的时间与地点；
2．活动的过程；
3．对活动的评论。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。