译林版高考英语一轮复习必修第1册UNIT3 Getting along with others课时学案

这是一份译林版高考英语一轮复习必修第1册UNIT3 Getting along with others课时学案，共33页。

Judging ①frm/by what he said，he must be an hnest man．On the cntrary，he ften rbs and steals，s the judge pinted ut that a man shuld nt ②be judged(judge) nly by his appearance．③In my judgement，what he said is reasnable．
依我判断，这本书内容相当准确。
④S/As far as I can judge，the bk is remarkably accurate．(judge v．)
⑤In my judgement，the bk is remarkably accurate．(judgement n．)
judge．．．frm/by．．．根据……来判断……
judge sb．/sth．t be．．．判断某人/某事是……
s/as far as I can judge 依我判断
judging by/frm．．．根据……来判断
judgement n．判断；判决
in ne's judgement依某人看来
judge between right and wrng判断是非
judge him t be a skilled wrker断定他是个熟练工人
①The teacher made a suggestin that she shuld aplgize t her deskmate fr her bad behaviur．
②Getting an aplgy(aplgize) frm him was like getting bld frm a stne．
让他等了这么长时间，你应该向他道歉。
③Yu shuld aplgize t him fr having kept him waiting s lng．(aplgize v．)
④Yu shuld make an aplgy t him fr having kept him waiting s lng．(aplgy n．)
aplgize t sb．fr (ding) sth．因(做)某事向某人道歉
aplgy n．道歉
make an aplgy t sb．fr sth．因某事向某人道歉
we sb．an aplgy 应向某人道歉
accept/refuse ne's aplgy 接受/拒绝某人的道歉
aplgize fr being rude 因为无礼而道歉
aplgize t him fr ur errr为我们的过错向他道歉
expect a full written aplgy 希望得到一份完整的书面道歉
①Reading fictin can help thse wh d nt suffer frm lneliness t understand lnely peple．
②The ld man is said t have gne thrugh varieties f sufferings(suffer) during the war．
③Having suffered such a heavy lss(损失惨重) in the earthquake，they gt help frm all ver the wrld．
suffer frm 遭受……之苦；患……病
suffer lss pain/hardship，etc． 遭受损失/痛苦/困苦等
suffering n．痛苦，苦难
suffer frm cld and hunger 饥寒交迫
bear sufferings bravely勇敢地承受苦难的遭遇
suffer a big lss fr the sake f small gains为了小的利益而遭受巨大的损失
①China is develping very rapidly in all respects(respect) and we're all prud f her．
②Out f respect fr farmers' labr，we are taught nt t waste a single grain f rice．
因为她为孩子们所做的一切，我们十分尊敬最美乡村女教师邓丽。
③We deeply respect Deng Li，the mst beautiful cuntry female teacher，fr what she has dne fr the children．(respect v．)
④We shw/have deep respect fr Deng Li，the mst beautiful cuntry female teacher，fr what she has dne fr the children．(respect n．)
⑤We are deeply respectful t Deng Li，the mst beautiful cuntry female teacher，fr what she has dne fr the children．(respectful adj．)
have/shw respect fr．．．尊重……
ut f respect (fr sb．) 出于(对某人的)尊敬
in all/sme/many respects 在所有/某些/许多方面
respect sb．fr．．．(＝be respectful t sb．fr．．．)因……而尊重某人
respectful adj．表示敬意的；尊敬的
respect yurself尊重你自己
respect the ideas f thers 尊重别人的意见
shw respect fr thse wh are ld 尊敬长者
with respect t yur ther prpsals关于你的其他建议
①Educatin shuld nt be measured nly by examinatin results．
②Measures have been taken t slve(slve) traffic prblems in big cities．
③In the ld days，my mther always made new clthes t my wn measure with the Spring Festival cming．
④(普通表达)There are sme tall trees n the hill and sme measure 30 metres．
(高级表达) There are sme tall trees n the hill，sme measuring 30 metres．(独立主格结构)
take measures t d sth．采取措施做某事
make．．．t ne's measure 依照某人的尺寸做……
beynd measure无法估量；极度；非常
measure．．．by．．．用……来衡量……
measure five metres acrss有五米宽
measures fr increasing the utput 增产的措施
take measures t preserve the envirnment frm pllutin 采取措施保护环境免受污染
①We seek t find(find) a way t make us get alng well with the peple arund us．
②The fact is that nwadays many yung peple are seeking their(they) frtune in big cities．
③(普通表达)Having lked fr a slutin t the prblem fr several days，they finally fund ne．
(高级表达)Having sught fr a slutin t the prblem fr several days，they finally fund ne．
seek fr sth．/sb．frm．．．从……寻找某物/某人
seek after追求；追寻
seek t d sth．试图做某事
seek ne's frtune找出路；碰运气
seek ut the truth找出真相
seek after yur dreams追求你们的梦想
seek help frm a neighbur向一位邻居求助
seek fr smewhere t shelter找一个藏身的地方
①T their relief，their students narrwly escaped frm the shaking building．
②It's reprted that the driver tried t escape being caught (catch) after kncking fur peple t death．
③(2020·浙江卷)At last，we had a narrw escape(九死一生)，frtunately escaping being hurt(逃过了伤害) by the hungry plar bear．
escape frm 从……逃走/逃脱/逃跑
escape ding sth．逃脱做某事
a narrw escape 侥幸逃脱，九死一生
escape frm prisn从监狱逃跑/越狱
escape death/punishment死里逃生/逃脱惩罚
escape ne's memry被某人遗忘
①A large number f students will benefit frm the new teaching methd．
②It was fr the benefit f yur cmpany that we did that．
打乒乓球对我有很大的益处，它阻止我懒惰，并且使我保持身体健康。
③Playing table tennis benefits me a lt．It prevents me frm being lazy and keeps me physically healthy．(benefit v．)
④Playing table tennis is f great benefit t me．It prevents me frm being lazy and keeps me physically healthy．(benefit n．)
⑤Playing table tennis is beneficial t me a lt．It prevents me frm being lazy and keeps me physically healthy．(beneficial adj．)
benefit frm 从……中获益
be f benefit t．．．对……有益
fr the benefit f sb．(＝fr ne's benefit) 为了某人的利益
beneficial adj．有益的，有帮助的
be beneficial t．．．对……有益
the benefit f living in the cuntry住在乡村的好处
be f great benefit t yu bth 对你们俩都非常有益
d this fr the benefit f the patients 为病人的利益而做这件事
bring cnsiderable benefits t the area 为该地区带来相当大的好处
①It's hard wrk，but if yu hang n，yu are sure t succeed in the end．
②While I was talking with a friend n the phne，he suddenly hung up n me．
③He did nt like t hang ut/abut/arund all day(整天闲荡) ding nthing．
④It is ften the case that anything is pssible fr thse wh hang n t hpe (不放弃希望)．
hang n t 抓紧；保留，不卖掉；不放弃
hang up (n sb．) 挂(某人的)电话
hang n不挂断；(在逆境中)坚持；紧紧握住
hang abut/arund (在某处附近)等待，逗留，闲荡
hang n t her mther's hands紧紧抓住她妈妈的手
hang back frm any activities什么活动都不敢参加
①S even if it is(be) hard at the time，I'll try t get things dne that day and nt t let them g．
②He wn't cme t ur party even if invited (invite)．
③(普通表达)Even if/thugh he is laughed at，he wn't give up his dream．
(高级表达)Even if/thugh laughed at，he wn't give up his dream．(省略结构)
even if 意为“尽管，即使”，可与even thugh互换，用来引导让步状语从句。
even if/thugh所引导的从句常用一般现在时表将来。在主从句主语相同时，也可采用省略结构。
Even if we cannt agree，we shuld maintain ur cntact．即使我们不能取得一致，我们也要保持联系。
Ⅰ．用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．Judging (judge) frm the bk I have read，I think the writer is very prmising．
2．T be frank，yu shuldn't have spken t yur father in a rude manner．Yu we him an aplgy(aplgize)．
3．It is likely that yu will suffer(suffer) frm bad health if yu ignre the dctr's advice．
4．The fllwing five years will be a crucial perid fr building a mderately prsperus sciety in all respects (respect)．
5．Sme villagers reprted a huge snake，measuring(measure) ver tw metres，was fund dead in a nearby cave．
6．We seek t help(help) every student discver the jy and fulfillment in the btainment f knwledge．
7．He escaped being killed (kill) in the explsin because he had nt gne t wrk．
8．I tld them that drinking tea is beneficial(benefit) t ur health and encuraged them t learn hw t make tea．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Wearing prper clthes is imprtant t，fr lcals will judge yu by/frm what yu wear．
2．Yu shuld make an aplgy t her fr what yu have said．
3．What's wrse，with natural envirnment damaged，citizens wuld suffer frm the spread f diseases．
4．It was s windy that I had t hang n t my hat all the way alng the street．
5．Last year I had a narrw escape，and I dn't want t risk my life a secnd time．
Ⅰ．用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．Tricked(trick) by that girl，he felt extremely angry．
2．The wmen chatting(chat) there happily are sme vlunteers．
3．He walked past，ignring(ignre) all f us cmpletely．
4．The bus was s crwded(crwd) that nbdy culd mve．
5．The engineer has dne smething admirable(admire) in this field．
Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．Hw can I make cntact with that famus engineer?
2．The mther std there until the train was ut f sight．
3．As lng as yu have a dream，keep trying and yu'll make it．
4．I dn't see why I culdn't d it．In any case，I'm ging t try．
5．We human beings shuld reflect n/upn ur psitin in the universe．
Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ) Curtin is CEO f DC Central Kitchen in Washingtn，D．C．，which recvers fd and turns it int healthy meals．A
A．回收B．恢复健康 C．重新控制
2．(2021·全国乙卷)T many peple，saving lives is part f the jb but styling hair is an extra and shuld be rewarded．A
A．额外的事情B．分外的 C．特别
3．(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Judges will chse up t 50 hnrable mentin winners，wh will each receive a T­shirt in memry f Earhart's final flight．C
A．法官B．评价 C．评委
Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国甲卷)The realizatin that this is a precius land，t be respected by humans，was ne f the biggest things that hit hme t Ginni．
句中第一个that 引导同位语从句，说明 realizatin的具体内容，第二个 that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 things。
[尝试翻译]意识到这是一片珍贵的土地，值得人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的领悟之一。
2．(2022·浙江1月卷)Fr the study，191 wmen with an average age f 50 tk a bicycle exercise test until they were tired ut t measure their peak (最大值的) cardivascular capacity．
句中until引导时间状语从句，不定式短语t measure their peak cardivascular capacity作目的状语。
[尝试翻译]在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性参加了自行车运动测试，直到她们精疲力竭为止，以测量她们的心血管负荷峰值。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
Yu have a friend whm yu trust a lt．But ne day yur friendship is n the rcks．In that case，what shuld yu d？Firstly，it is a gd idea t think yur 1．behaviur(behave) thrugh．If yu are in the wrng，yu'd better make an 2．aplgy(aplgize) t yur friend．If yur friend has dne wrng r has 3．misunderstd(misunderstand) yu，yu mustn't ignre his/her 4．feelings(feeling)，instead，find a prper time t see yur friend in persn and chat 5．with him/her．If yur friend suffers a great lss r 6．a big failure，try t set aside sme time t cmfrt him/her，7．telling(tell) him/her that yu supprt and admire him/her，fr a friend in need is a friend indeed！When yur friend feels lnely，yu'd better keep him/her cmpany even if yu are very busy．Hwever，nce yu are 8．tricked(trick) by yur friend，it is really hrrible！It is time fr yu t talk t him/her 9．frankly(frank) and listen t what he/she has t say．At last，decide whether yu shuld let g f yur friendship 10．r nt．
Step 1．写作要点(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①令我们非常高兴的是，汤姆从着火的房子里逃了出来。
T ur great jy，Tm escaped frm the burning huse．
②汤姆几乎在火灾中失去了一切。
Tm nearly lst everything in the fire．
③他的邻居试图安慰汤姆。
His neighburs sught t cmfrt Tm．
④他们决定最大限度地帮助汤姆解决他的麻烦。
They decided t help Tm smth ut his truble in full measure．
Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
T ur great jy，Tm escaped frm the burning huse．Hwever，Tm nearly lst everything in the fire．His neighburs sught t cmfrt Tm and they decided t help Tm smth ut his truble in full measure．
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
Step 2．尝试练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
当汤姆意识到他被最好的朋友欺骗了时，他的心碎了。他很受折磨。他不知道下一步该怎么办。他在网络上偶然看到了一篇文章，那篇文章给了他一些建议。再三思考之后，他决定和他的朋友坦诚地谈谈。第二天，他重新获得了友谊。汤姆以后又可以和朋友分享他的快乐、悲伤、成功和失败了。
When Tm recgnized he was tricked by his best friend，his heart was brken．He suffered a lt．He was at a lss what t d next．He caught sight f an article n the Internet by accident，which gave him sme advice．On reflectin，he decided t have a frank talk with his friend．The secnd day，he recvered his friendship．Tm can share with his friend his jy，sadness，success and failure again．
课时分层作业(五)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
eq \a\vs4\al(A) eq \a\vs4\al(篇) eq \a\vs4\al(（限时6分钟）)
(2022·南充市高考适应性考试)
Fd festivals are a cmmn ccurrence in the UK and take place in all srts f places and at all srts f times．Whatever yur taste，there's a fd festival t match it — n matter hw special．
Meatpia
This three­day，Lndn­based festival takes place at the end f August r in early September and is a meat lver's paradise．In additin t a range f legally surced meat prducts，frm juicy burgers t tender steaks，attendees can listen t live music，watch butchery demnstratins，and attend infrmal meat­based wrkshps．
The Natinal Hney Shw
If yu have a sweet tth，then it culd be that the Natinal Hney Shw，which started in 1923，is the place fr yu．This three­day event attracts many lcal participants wh shwcase their sweet glden hney，sme f which is sld glbally．
The Orange Sauce Festival
Have yu heard abut a festival that is devted nly t range sauce? Held in Cumbria，this sweet，fragrant festival has been running fr many years．What attracts peple mst is a cmpetitin t find the best hmemade range sauce．There are thusands f participants frm ver 30 different cuntries acrss the glbe，bringing their lcal snacks t share here．
The Ginger (姜) and Spice Festival
If yu'd prefer smething with a little mre kick，then yu culd attend the Ginger and Spice Festival held in Market Draytn．Unlike ther fd festivals，it celebrates its twn's histric cnnectin t Rbert Clive，wh returned frm India with ginger．Because f this，peple here specialize in baking gingerbread，and sell a range f traditinal spices frm mild nes t ht nes．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国的四个美食节。
1．What d Meatpia and The Natinal Hney Shw have in cmmn?
A．Bth f them have a lng histry．
B．Bth f them hld wrkshps．
C．Bth f them riginated frm Lndn．
D．They are f the same duratin．
D [细节理解题。根据这两个部分中的“This three­day”可知，它们的持续时间一样。]
2．If yu are interested in freign fd，which festival d yu like best?
A．The Meatpia．
B．The Ginger and Spice Festival．
C．The Natinal Hney Shw．
D．The Orange Sauce Festival．
D [细节理解题。根据The Orange Sauce Festival部分中的“There are thusands f participants ．．．bringing their lcal snacks t share here．”可知，该美食节有来自30多个国家的参与者带来他们当地的小吃，由此可知，对外国食物感兴趣的人应该最喜欢The Orange Sauce Festival。]
3．What is special abut The Ginger and Spice Festival?
A．It sells spicy fd．
B．The ginger used in the festival is frm India．
C．It has smething t d with a histric figure．
D．The fd is cked by Rbert Clive．
C [细节理解题。根据The Ginger and Spice Festival部分中的“Unlike ther fd festivals ．．．returned frm India with ginger．”可知，这个美食节是为了庆祝Rbert Clive从印度带姜返回，由此可知，The Ginger and Spice Festival的特殊之处是它与一位历史人物有关。]
eq \a\vs4\al(B) eq \a\vs4\al(篇) eq \a\vs4\al(（限时7分钟）)
(2022·杭州市第二学期教学质量检测)
They say prcrastinatin (拖延) is the thief f time actually deadlines are．New research has fund that if yu want smene t help yu ut with smething，it is best nt t set a deadline at all．But if yu d set a deadline，make it shrt．
Prfessr Stephen Knwles tested the effect f deadline length n task cmpletin fr their research．Participants were invited t cmplete an nline survey cncerning a charity dnatin．They were given either ne week，ne mnth，r n deadline t respnd．Prfessr Knwles says althugh the tpic f the survey was abut charity，the results are true f any situatin where smene asks anther persn fr help．
The study fund respnses t the survey were lwest fr the ne­mnth deadline and highest when n deadline was specified (明确规定)．N deadline and the ne­week deadline led t many early respnses，while a lng deadline appeared t give peple permissin t prcrastinate．Prfessr Knwles wasn't surprised t find that specifying a shrter deadline increased the chances f receiving a respnse cmpared t a lnger deadline．Hwever，he did find it interesting that they received the mst respnses when n deadline was specified．
“We interpret this as evidence that specifying a lnger deadline，as ppsed t a shrt deadline r n deadline at all，remves the urgency t act，”he says．“Peple therefre put ff undertaking the task，and since they are inattentive r frget，pstpning it results in lwer respnse rates．”
He says f the research that it is pssible that nt specifying a deadline might still have led participants t assume that there is an unspken deadline．Prfessr Knwles hpes his research can help reduce the amunt f prcrastinating peple d．“Many peple prcrastinate．They have the best intentins f helping smene ut，but just d nt get arund t ding it．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述了Stephen Knwles教授及其团队的研究发现，该研究主要关注的是截止期限对拖延的影响。
4．Why did Prfessr Knwles d the research?
A．T study the rle a deadline plays in prcrastinatin．
B．T find ut whether peple are interested in charity．
C．T attract public attentin t the effects f prcrastinatin．
D．T test the effects f prcrastinatin n task cmpletin．
A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Prfessr Stephen Knwles．．．fr their research．”可知，Stephen Knwles教授为他们的研究，测试了截止期限长短对任务完成的影响，由此可推知，Knwles教授的研究是为了研究截止期限在拖延中所起的作用，故选A项。]
5．What mst likely lead t prcrastinatin?
A．N deadlines．B．Shrt deadlines．
C．Specific deadlines．D．Lng deadlines．
D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study fund respnses．．．permissin t prcrastinate．”可知，截止期限越长，拖延越严重。故选D项。]
6．Why d peple prcrastinate when given a lng deadline?
A．They ppse the deadline．
B．They are unwilling t act．
C．They lack a sense f urgency．
D．They are t busy t remember．
C [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We interpret this as evidence．．．remves the urgency t act”可知，研究发现，与短的截止日期或根本没有截止日期截然相反，指定更长的截止日期会消除采取行动的紧迫性。由此可推断，当被给到长的截止日期时，人们是由于缺乏紧迫感才拖延的，故选C项。]
7．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Prcrastinatin—the Thief f Time
B．Prcrastinatin—an Urgent Prblem t Slve
C．Deadline—a Result f Prcrastinatin
D．Deadline—the Key t Reducing Prcrastinatin
D [标题归纳题。通读全文内容，特别是第一段中的“New research has fund．．．make it shrt．”可知，文章主要介绍了Stephen Knwles教授及其团队的研究发现，该研究主要关注的是截止期限对拖延的影响，故D项最适合作本文标题。]
eq \a\vs4\al(C) eq \a\vs4\al(篇) eq \a\vs4\al(（限时7分钟）)
(2022·湖南省高三六校联考)
In rder t help discver spilage(变质)and reduce fd waste fr supermarkets and cnsumers，researchers have develped new lw­cst，smartphne­linked，ec­friendly spilage sensrs fr meat and fish packaging．
One in three UK cnsumers thrw away fd just because it reaches the use­by date(保存期)，but 60% f the ￡12.5 billin­wrth f fd we thrw away each year is safe t eat．
The researchers，whse findings were published in ACS Sensrs，say the sensrs culd als eventually replace the use­by date—a widely used indicatr f being fresh and eatable．
The sensrs cst tw US cents each t make．Knwn as “paper­based electrical gas sensrs (PEGS)”，they detect spilage gases like ammnia (a pisnus gas with a strng unpleasant smell) in meat and fish prducts．The infrmatin prvided by the electrnic nse is received by a smartphne，and then yu can knw whether the fd is fresh and safe t eat．
Imperial Cllege Lndn researchers wh develped PEGS made the sensrs by printing carbn electrdes(电极) nt a special type f paper．The materials are ec­friendly and harmless，s they dn't damage the envirnment and are safe t use in fd packaging．The sensrs，cmbined with a tiny electrnic system，then infrm nearby mbile devices，which identify and understand the data abut spilage gases．
Lead authr Dr．Firat Guder frm the Department f Biengineering，said，“Althugh they're designed t keep us safe，use­by dates can lead t eatable fd being thrwn away．They dn't always reflect its actual freshness．In fact，peple ften get sick frm fd­brne diseases due t pr strage，even when an item is within its use­by date．”
“These sensrs are cheap enugh s we hpe t see supermarkets using them within three years．Our gal is t use PEGS in fd packaging t reduce unnecessary fd waste．”
The authrs hpe that PEGS culd have applicatins beynd fd prcessing，like sensing chemicals in agriculture and air quality，and detecting disease markers in breath like thse invlved in kidney disease．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项可以减少食物浪费的新发明——纸质电气气体传感器(PEGS)。该传感器制作环保，可连接到移动设备上，告知人们食物的新鲜度，以此代替食物的日期标签，从而减少食物浪费。同时还介绍了这种传感器的工作方式以及作者对此传感器未来应用领域的愿景。
8．What is the functin f PEGS accrding t the text?
A．T imprve the taste f fds．
B．T imprve the service f stres．
C．T help supermarkets stre fds．
D．T help peple test fd freshness．
D [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Knwn as ‘paper­based electrical gas sensrs(PEGS)’．．．safe t eat．”可知，PEGS可检测出食物散发出的有毒气体比如氨气，然后把信息传到智能手机上，告知人们食物是否新鲜和安全。故PEGS的功能是帮助人们检测食物的新鲜度。故选D。]
9．What rle des the smartphne play while PEGS are functining?
A．It acts as an electrnic nse．
B．It reads the data cllected by PEGS．
C．It helps print the gas sensrs nt paper．
D．It discvers the spilage gases frm fds．
B [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The sensrs．．．which identify and understand the data abut spilage gases．”可知，移动设备识别了解有关食物变质散发出的气体的数据。故当PEGS运行时，智能手机的作用是读取PEGS收集的数据。故选B。]
10．What des Dr．Firat Guder say abut use­by dates?
A．They are nt cmpletely reliable．
B．They can help reduce fd waste．
C．They are based n scientific research．
D．They are nt accepted by the cnsumers．
A [推理判断题。根据第六段“Lead authr．．．even when an item is within its use­by date．”可知，保质期并不总是反映它的实际新鲜度。故可推知，Firat Guder博士认为保质期不是完全可靠的。故选A。]
11．What des the authr mainly talk abut in the text?
A．The prcess f researching spilage sensrs．
B．A new technlgy in packaging t reduce fd waste．
C．The applicatin f spilage sensrs beynd fd prcessing．
D．The influence f use­by dates n supermarkets and cnsumers．
B [主旨大意题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段“In rder t．．．and fish packaging．”可知，文章主要介绍了一项可以减少食物浪费的新发明，并且围绕传感器介绍了它的工作方式以及作者对此传感器未来应用领域的愿景。所以作者在文中主要介绍了一项减少食物浪费的包装新发明。故选B。]
Ⅱ．完形填空 eq \a\vs4\al(（限时12分钟）)
(2022·厦门市第三次质量检测)
While Texans were in the thick f their unprecedented (前所未有的) winter strm，Chelsea Timmns was braving the elements t deliver grceries．She had just tapped “accept” n her final 1 f the day when the strm started picking up．Chelsea 2 and made it t her custmer's hme，but then the wrst happened: Her car was 3 ．
With the rads as 4 as they were，her car slid dwn the driveway． 5 ， it stpped just shrt f the huse．Hwever，it gt stuck．The huse wners were bth 6 and cncerned when Chelsea explained what had happened．
Three f them tried every pssible means t 7 her car，but in vain．That's when the cuple tk the neighbrly next step: They 8 her in．
Chelsea was 9 cming int a stranger's hme．After spending mre time with the cuple and realizing the strm made 10 t dangerus，she was relieved t accept their 11 ．Later，they cked her dinner and 12 ne bedrm．
Chelsea was tuched and even mre 13 fr their genersity when learning her apartment lst electricity and water as the 14 wrsened．
“I'm glad that such wnderful peple 15 me．It turned ut t be the best­case scenari．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Chelsea Timmns冒着暴风雪去送货，不曾想自己的车在一所房子前被困住了。热心的房主人主动提供帮助，却徒劳无功。于是，他们决定邀请Chelsea到家里休息住宿，Chelsea被他们的善举深深打动。
1．A．feedbackB．reprt
C．paycheckD．rder
D [考查语境推断。根据语境和上文中的“Chelsea Timmns was braving the elements t deliver grceries”可知，暴风雪来临的时候，Chelsea Timmns按下了最后一个订单的“接收”键。feedback“反馈的意见”；paycheck“付薪水的支票，薪水”。]
2．A．pushed thrughB．pulled back
C．hung abutD．tk ver
A [考查语境推断。根据语境和上文中的“While Texans were in the thick f their unprecedented winter strm”可知，前所未有的暴风雪来临，在这种情况下要想把货物送到顾客家，Chelsea需要穿越风雪。push thrugh“完成，挤着穿过”；pull back“拉回，撤回”；hang abut“徘徊，闲逛”；take ver“接管，接收”。]
3．A．ut f cntrlB．under guarantee
C．at restD．n fire
A [考查语境推断。根据下文中的“her car slid dwn the driveway”可知，她的车失控了。under guarantee“在保修期内”。]
4．A．dustyB．icy
C．emptyD．busy
B [考查语境推断。根据语境和下文中的“her car slid dwn the driveway”可知，暴风雪中，道路结冰，她的车滑出了车道。]
5．A．AnnyinglyB．Instantly
C．LuckilyD．Apparently
C [考查语境推断。根据语境和下文中的“it stpped just shrt f the huse”可知，尽管她的车滑出了车道，但是幸运的是停在了离一户人家不远的地方。]
6．A．excitedB．satisfied
C．annyedD．shcked
D [考查语境推断。根据语境可知，当Chelsea 把情况告诉房主人时，房主人都惊呆了，对她的情况十分担心。]
7．A．lckB．paint
C．freeD．wash
C [考查语境推断。根据上文中的“Hwever，it gt stuck．”可知，Chelsea的车被困住了，因此房主人想要帮她把车推出来。]
8．A．bxedB．filled
C．draggedD．invited
D [考查语境推断。根据下文中的“cming int a stranger's hme”可知，眼见车推不出来，房主人邀请Chelsea进屋歇息。]
9．A．nervusB．cmfrtable
C．relaxedD．ridiculus
A [考查常识推断。根据常识可知，贸然进一个陌生人的家里，对一位女士来讲，难免紧张。ridiculus“荒唐的；荒谬的”。]
10．A．shppingB．travel
C．accmmdatinD．entertainment
B [考查常识推断。根据语境和常识可知，暴风雪让出行变得很难。]
11．A．fferB．appintment
C．challengeD．service
A [考查语境推断。根据语境可知，在意识到暴风雪的威力之后，Chelsea坦然接受了那对夫妇的好意邀请。]
12．A．decratedB．aired
C．sparedD．bked
C [考查语境推断。根据语境可知，房主人不仅为Chelsea做了晚饭，还为她腾出一间屋子。]
13．A．eagerB．ready
C．srryD．grateful
D [考查常识推断。根据语境和常识可知，房主人的慷慨热情让Chelsea非常感恩。]
14．A．painB．market
C．strmD．cnfusin
C [考查词汇复现。根据上文中的“While Texans were in the thick f their unprecedented winter strm”可知，随着暴风雪的加剧，屋里水电都停了。]
15．A．fllwedB．sheltered
C．calledD．cured
B [考查语境推断。根据语境和上文中的“they cked her dinner and ne bedrm”可知，房主人收留了Chelsea。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作 eq \a\vs4\al(（限时13分钟）)
(2022·山东济南二模)
新华中学近期组织了校园劳动周(Campus Labr Week)活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇简短的英文报道。内容包括：
1．活动的时间与地点；
2．活动的过程；
3．对活动的评论。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。




[参考范文]
In rder t enhance students' awareness f labr，ur schl rganized an activity called “Campus Labr Week” last week．
The labr week began n May 15th．Sme lectures n labr skills were given n the first day，frm which we benefited a lt．Planting trees and watering flwers were attractins t Senir One．Varieties f ther labr prjects gave us unfrgettable experiences．
Undubtedly，this event can nt nly enrich ur schl life but als ffer us pprtunities t learn mre daily practical skills!
课时分层作业(六)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2022·广东惠州第三次调研)
It is an ld saw that there is nthing new under the sun．But it may still cme as a surprise that human beings aren't alne in having invented vaccinatin (接种疫苗)．The wrk published by Gyan Harwd f the University f Illinis cnfirms that hneybees gt there first．It als suggests they run the vaccinatin prgrammes like humans．
One discvery in 2015 is that queen bees vaccinate their eggs by transferring int them antigens (抗原) which start the develpment f a prtective immune respnse．But that bservatin raises the questin f hw the queen receives her antigen supply in the first place，fr she lives nly n ryal jelly (蜂王浆) prduced by wrker bees wh act as nurses t baby bees．Dr．Harwd therefre wndered if the nurses btain the antigens while eating nectar (花蜜)．
T test this idea，he cperated with Heli Salmela．Tgether，they cllected abut 150 nurse bees and divided them amng six queenless hives with baby bees t lk after．Instead f nectar，they fed the nurses n sugar­water，and fr three f the hives they mixed the sugar­water with a bacterium that causes a hive­killing disease．
In this case，t stp such an infectin happening，Dr．Harwd and Dr．Salmela heat­treated the bacteria t kill them in advance．They als labeled the dead bacteria with a flurescent dye (荧光染料) t make them easy t track．And，the result shwed that pathgens (病原体) were getting int ryal jelly prduced by thse nurse bees．
All tld that nurse bees are indeed，thrugh their ryal jelly，passing antigens n t the queen，and then t the eggs．Meanwhile，after they hatch，the eggs receive antigens frm the nurses as well，thus being vaccinated twice．
【语篇解读】 俗话说，天下无新事。但令人惊讶的是，并非只有人类发明了疫苗。伊利诺伊大学的Gyan Harwd博士发表的研究证实蜜蜂也像人类一样进行疫苗接种。
1．In which sectin f a newspaper can we find this text?
A．Science． B．Educatin．
C．Gegraphy．D．Medicine．
A [文章出处题。通读文章可知，第一段点明新的研究发现。根据该段中的“The wrk published by Gyan Harwd f the University f Illinis cnfirms that hneybees gt there first．It als suggests they run the vaccinatin prgrammes like humans．”可知，本文主要围绕蜜蜂进行疫苗接种的研究展开，属于科普说明文，最有可能节选自报纸的科技板块，故选A项。]
2．What des Dr．Harwd in paragraph 2 put frward?
A．An assumptin．B．A suggestin．
C．A thery．D．A fact．
A [推理判断题。第二段首先介绍了2015年的一项发现：蜂王通过向卵中转移抗原来给它们接种疫苗，这些抗原会启动保护性免疫反应。这样的观察结果引发了一个问题：蜂王究竟是如何获得抗原的？这是因为蜂王只靠由工蜂生产的蜂王浆为生，工蜂充当保姆照顾幼蜂。因此，这让Harwd博士想知道工蜂是否在吃花蜜时获得了抗原。Harwd博士的这种思考是基于观察发现和蜂群特点的一种假设，故选A项。]
3．Why were the nurse bees fed n sugar­water instead f nectar?
A．T prduce bacteria．
B．T find ut the antigen supply．
C．T stp infectins happening．
D．T ffer anther fd chice．
B [推理判断题。文章第三段和第四段详细介绍了验证Harwd博士假设的实验过程：研究人员用糖水代替花蜜喂养工蜂，并在其中三组把糖水和一种会导致蜂群疾病的细菌混合在一起。为了阻止这种感染的发生，Harwd博士和Salmela博士对细菌进行热处理，提前杀死它们。他们还用荧光染料标记死菌，以便追踪。结果表明，病原体进入了工蜂所生产的蜂王浆中。根据实验过程可推知，用糖水代替花蜜是为了追踪蜜蜂抗原的来源，故选B项。]
4．Which f the fllwing can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Nurse Bees Invent Vaccinatin
B．Queen Bees Vaccinate Their Eggs
C．Hneybees Ppularize Vaccinatin
D．Hneybees Run Vaccinatin Prgrammes
D [标题归纳题。根据文章第一段的研究发现“It als suggests they run the vaccinatin prgrammes like humans．”可知，蜜蜂也像人类一样进行疫苗接种。后文则围绕这一研究发现的背景、实验过程以及结论详细介绍。蜜蜂进行疫苗接种呼应文章主旨句，故选D项。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2022·沈阳市高三教学质量监测)
Hw t Eat Better fr the Planet
Yu are envirnmentally cnscius and hungry．Here are answers t all yur ec­friendly fd questins．
Des what I eat have an effect n climate change?
Yes． 1 ．Abut ne quarter f the planet­warming greenhuse gases are generated by humans each year．That includes raising and harvesting all the plants，animals，and animal prducts we eat，as well as prcessing，packaging，and shipping fd t markets all ver the wrld．
2 ？
When frests are cleared t make rm fr farms and cattle，large stres f carbn are released int the atmsphere，which heats up the planet．Als，fssil (化石)fuels are used t perate farm machinery and ship fd arund the glbe，all f which generate emissins (排放)．
Which fds have the largest impact?
3 ．Cattle accunts fr rughly the same amunt f emissins as all the cars，trucks，airplanes，and ships in the wrld tday，while plant­based fds like beans and grains tend t have the smallest effect．Prk，chicken，and eggs are smewhere in the middle．
Why des meat have such a big effect n the climate?
It's ften mre efficient t grw crps fr humans t eat than it is t grw crps fr animals t eat and then turn thse animals int fd fr humans．A cnclusin was reached by the United Natins Fd and Agriculture Organizatin in 2017． 4 ．
Is there a simple fd chice I can make that wuld reduce my climate ftprint?
Cnsuming less red meat and dairy prducts will typically have the biggest effect fr mst peple in wealthy cuntries．A number f studies have cncluded that peple wh eat a meat­heavy diet culd reduce their fd­related ftprint by ne third r mre by mving t a vegetarian diet． 5 ．If yu dn't want t g that far，just eating less meat and dairy prducts can reduce emissins．
A．Why d we need t change the climate
B．The wrld's fd system is respnsible fr it
C．The greenhuse gases have an impact n ur fd
D．Hw exactly des fd cntribute t glbal warming
E．Giving up dairy prducts wuld reduce thse emissins even further
F．On average，it takes abut three punds f grains t raise ne pund f meat
G．In general，beef and lamb have the biggest climate ftprint per gram f prtein
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。我们所吃的食物对气候变化有很大的影响，本文主要阐述了与这一话题相关的几个问题。
1．B [考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句问到了“我吃的东西对气候变化有影响吗”，本段内容对这一问题进行了回答和阐述。根据下文中的“种植和收获所有植物、动物和我们吃的动物产品，以及加工、包装和运送食品到世界各地的市场都会产生温室气体”可知，空处讲到的应该是饮食确实对气候变化产生了影响，故B项符合语境。]
2．D [考查段落主旨句。分析文章结构可知，此处是一个疑问句，A和D选项符合这一要求；根据本段讲到的内容“森林让位于农场和牛，大量碳被排放到大气中……化石能源被用于农具和运输”可知，本段应该讲到的是食物对气候造成影响的具体方式，所以D项适合作本段的主旨句。]
3．G [考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句问到了“哪种食物产生了最大的影响”，根据下文中的“牛肉产生的排放物的量和汽车、卡车、飞机和船几乎一样多”可知，空处讲到的应该是牛肉等是产生影响最大的食物，所以G项符合语境。]
4．F [考查上下文衔接。根据空前的“种植供人类吃的作物通常比种植供动物吃的作物、然后把这些动物变成人类的食物更有成效”可知，种植用于饲养动物的农作物很耗能，故F项符合语境。]
5．E [考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到“常吃肉的人士可以通过吃素食减少与食物相关的碳足迹的三分之一甚至更多”，而空后一句讲到“如果你不想到那个程度，那么仅仅少吃肉和奶制品可以减少(碳)排放”，因此空处讲到的内容应该与减少(碳)排放有关，所以E项符合语境。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2022·沈阳市高三年级教学质量监测)
Many scientists believe ur lve f sugar may actually be an addictin．When we eat r drink smething cntaining sugar，the sugar enters ur bld and affects parts f ur brain that make us feel gd．Then the gd feeling ges away，1． (leave) us wanting mre．All 2． (taste) fds d this，but sugar has a particularly strng effect．In this way，it is in fact an addictive drug，ne that dctrs recmmend we all cut dwn n．
Our bdies 3． (design) t survive n very little sugar．Early humans ften had very little fd，s ur bdies learned t be very efficient in string sugar as fat． In this way，we had energy 4． (stre) fr when there was n fd．But tday，mst peple have mre than enugh．S 5． very thing that nce saved us may nw be killing us．
S what is the 6． (slve)? It's bvius that we need t eat less sugar．The truble is，in tday's wrld，it's extremely difficult t avid．Frm breakfast cereals 7． after­dinner desserts，ur fds are increasingly filled with it．Sme manufacturers even use sugar t replace taste in fds that are advertised as lw in fat．
But there are peple and rganizatins 8． are fighting back against sugar．Many schls are replacing sugary desserts with healthier ptins like fruit．Other schls 9． (grw) their wn fd in gardens，r building 10． (facility) like walking tracks s students and thers in the cmmunity can exercise．The battle has nt yet been lst．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，喜欢吃糖实际上是对糖的上瘾。这种习惯严重影响着身体健康。为消除这种影响，一些学校正在用水果等作零食代替含糖甜品。
1．leaving [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故用动词­ing形式短语。句意：然后美好的感觉消失了，(其结果是)让我们欲罢不能。]
2．tasty [考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词fds，故用形容词形式。句意：所有美味的食物都能做到这一点，但糖有特别强烈的影响。]
3．are designed [考查动词的时态和语态。主语和谓语design之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；主语Our bdies是复数意义，故谓语动词用复数；该句陈述的是一般规律，故用一般现在时。句意：我们的身体天生就能靠少量的糖分生存。]
4．stred [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句使用了“have sth．dne”结构；名词energy和stre之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作have的宾语补足语。]
5．the [考查冠词。根据空后的定语从句可知，该处表示特指，故用定冠词。句意：所以曾经拯救我们的东西现在可能正在杀死我们。]
6．slutin [考查词性转换。冠词后接名词，根据前面的定冠词the可知，空处用名词形式。]
7．t [考查介词。frm．．．t．．．为固定搭配，表示“从……到……”。句意：从早餐麦片到餐后甜点，我们的食物中越来越多地充满了它。]
8．that [考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，指代先行词peple and rganizatins，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词引导该定语从句。当有两个先行词，一个指“人”，一个指“物”时，定语从句关系词只能用that。]
9．are grwing [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上句中的“are replacing”可知，该句也应用现在进行时，表示正在发生的动作。句意：其他学校则正在菜园里种植自己的食物。]
10．facilities [考查名词复数。根据“like walking tracks”并结合常识可知，学校在校园里建诸如跑道等体育设施。体育设施有许多，故用复数形式。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·潍坊市阶段性监测)
Twenty years ag，Chase Pust was nly 7．On ne Sunday mrning，he，his dad Steven，and his 4­year­ld sister Abigail，were ut fr a family bating trip n Flrida's St．Jhns River．Chase and Abigail were swimming at the back f the anchred bat while Steven was n deck(甲板) fishing．
It was a perfect uting—it was s peaceful and the clrs f the deep blue sky，the light green river water and the mild late May sunshine mixed t create a magic scene．Off the shre lay quietly several cttages．Everything was sund until a strng current emerged and lsened Abigail's grasp and she let g f the bat．Instantly realizing his sister wuld be swept away，Chase let g f the bat as well t try t reach her．At the same time，Chase screamed at his father desperately．
Withut thinking twice，Steven jumped int the water and swam twards the tw kids with all his effrts．But after realizing he culdn't keep up with bth kids，he was faced with a heartbrken decisin．He tld them he lved them very much because he wasn't sure what was ging t happen．Steven tried his best t stick with bth f his children．He wre himself ut．But his little daughter was washed away frm him．Directing Chase t swim t the shre fr help，Steven stayed behind，keeping as clse as he culd t Abigail as the life vest that was keeping her abve the waves flated further and further frm his reach．
It was a tugh g fr the 7­year­ld，but rather than attempting t swim all ut，Chase wisely paced himself．Stpping t flat r dg paddle when he was tired，he wuld rest and then set ff again．The current was ging the ppsite way f ging t the bat and the shre，s it was very hard t swim fr Chase．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
An hur later，Chase swam t the shre，anyhw．


Luckily，Steven and Abigail were fund and rescued．


【写作思路】
文章大意：本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了7岁的Chase Pust和他4岁的妹妹Abigail正在游泳时，急流袭来，哥哥意识到急流很有可能把妹妹冲走，于是哥哥松开船去救妹妹，并对父亲大喊。父亲毫不犹豫地跳下去救他们，父亲让哥哥游上岸寻求救援，但游上岸对7岁的哥哥来说非常困难。
谋篇布局：由续写第一段提示句“An hur later，Chase swam t the shre，anyhw．”可知，一个小时后，Chase最终游上了岸。据此可以推知，续写第一段可描写Chase寻找救援，以及人们得到消息后立即行动的情况。
由续写第二段提示句“Luckily，Steven and Abigail were fund and rescued．”可知，幸运的是，Steven和Abigail被找到并获救。据此可推知，续写第二段主要写Steven和Abigail获救后的感受和行为，如向救援人员表示感谢。
[参考范文]
An hur later，Chase swam t the shre，any­hw．Once n the slid grund，he ran t the nearest cttage and called fr help．Hearing Chase's desperate cries，peple in the cttage rushed ut immediately．Realizing what had happened，they sprang int actin．They rushed t the bank f the river fllwing Chase and paddled their bats instantly with rescue equipment twards the dad and daughter．Meanwhile，smene called the Rescue Department．Sn after，rescuers arrived．All f them did everything they culd t carry ut a thrugh search．
Luckily，Steven and Abigail were fund and rescued．After ensuring their safety，peple breathed a sigh f relief．Steven was deeply mved and expressed his gratitude t all the rescuers with tears swirling in his eyes．Then he hugged Chase and Abigail tightly and culdn't help weeping fr jy．He culdn't be pruder f his sn． It was the bravery，calmness and determinatin f the pint­sized superher that changed everything．It was likely t be ne day the family wuld never frget．
续写语料积累
背诵·句之美
欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)As we all sat there helplessly，a fisherman pulled up，threw us a rpe and twed(拖) us back．
2．(心理描写)(2022·浙江1月卷)I felt s helpless and insecure because the quality f my life was affected．
3．(人物描写)(2021·北京卷)While riding his bike hme n a cld night，he came acrss a sad­lking elderly wman wandering the streets by herself．
(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)I bit back my frustratin(懊恼)．I knew the cach meant well — he thught he was ding the right thing．After making sure that David culd run if he wanted，I turned t find him cming twards me，his small bdy rcking frm side t side as he swung his feet frward．
核心单词·语境运用小检测
1．His family tricked(trick) him int ging t Pakistan，and nce he was there，they tk away his passprt．
2．Nrth American literature is ne f the main themes(theme) f this year's festival．
3．We were invited t give ur pinins(pinin) abut hw the wrk shuld be dne．
4．It is s wet there that the trees are extremely tall，sme measuring(measure) ver 90 metres．
5．Many farmers went dwntwn t seek(seek) their frtune．
6．After escaping(escape) frm prisn，he came t a small twn．
7．My kids spend hurs chatting(chat) n the phne t their friends．
8．Cases f child abuse ften g unreprted r ignred(ignre) by uninfrmed citizens．
9．I thught he must have misunderstd(misunderstand) me，s I repeated its name．
10．They became suspicius f his behaviur and cntacted(cntact) the plice．
派生单词·语境运用小检测
1．(2022·全国乙卷)Everyne knws the benefit f learning English and if yu learn it well，it will be beneficial t yur future career．(benefit)
2．The wner has ffered a reward fr the recvery(recver) f the stlen gds．
3．The yung man kept aplgizing t his girlfriend fr his being late，but she refused t accept his aplgy．(aplgize)
4．The child behaved s well in class that the teacher praised his gd behaviur in frnt f thers．(behave)
5．Sme flwers are reflected in the river and the reflectin is very beautiful．(reflect)
6．The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry，the mre cmfrtable(cmfrt) yu'll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices．
7．The sldiers shwed admirable bravery and we lked at them in admiratin．(admire)
8．Originally a high­jumper，Mr．Liu made an unusual switch int hurdling at age 15，after his riginal sprts schl had given up n him．(rigin)
9．Tears ran dwn her cheeks as the sufferer tld us abut her sufferings．(suffer)
10．Three weeks after Fl's death，the frmerly healthy yung chimp is dead，t．(die)
高频短语·语境运用小检测
at a lss，in the wrng，n the rcks，make it，in any case，get ver，smth ut，take n，bring ut，let g f
1．Quarrelling with each ther made their relatinship n the rcks．
2．The girl was at a lss when wrd came that she failed t pass the test．
3．Thugh finishing the task is challenging，in any case，I will have a try．
4．These climbers made it t the tp f the hill in fur hurs．
5．As fr the traffic accident，bth f the drivers are in the wrng．
6．There are still sme technical prblems t be smthed ut．
7．We are sure that he will get ver his difficulties．
8．Miss Su hastily let g f his arm and pulled ut a handkerchief t prtect herself．
9．Sme insects take n the clr f their surrundings t prtect themselves．
10．It is believed that a difficult situatin can bring ut the best r the wrst in a persn．
重点句式·语境运用小检测
1．那是多年以前的事了。自那以来我已经换过几个工作了。(“since＋时间点”与现在完成时连用)
That was years ag．I've changed sme jbs since then．
2．我的计划是给我妈妈买一份生日礼物，并且亲自送给她。(动词不定式作表语)
My plan is t buy a birthday gift fr my mther and give it t her in persn．
3．不管我的父母是否同意，我都决心成为一名志愿者。(whether．．．r．．．引导让步状语从句)
Whether my parents agree with me r nt，I am determined t be a vlunteer．
4．即使你认为这些规则不公正，但也得遵守。(even if引导让步状语从句)
Yu must keep t the rules even if yu think they're unfair．
1
judge [课本义]vt．& vi．评价；(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员 [增补义]n．审判员 vt．审判；判决
2
aplgize vi．道歉，谢罪
3
suffer vi．受苦，受折磨；变差 vt．遭受，蒙受
4
respect [课本义]vt．尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视 [增补义]vt．敬佩 n．细节，方面
5
measure [课本义]vt．估量，判定；测量 n．措施；衡量 [增补义]n．方法；尺度 linking v．(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为
6
seek (sught，sught) [课本义]vi．试图；寻找；争取vt．寻求；寻找 [增补义]vt．请求，寻求 vi．设法
7
escape [课本义]vi．& vt．逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n．逃离，逃脱 [增补义]vt．被忽视；未被注意 n．消遣，解脱
8
benefit [课本义]n．优势，益处，成效 vt．使受益 vi．得益于 [增补义]n．福利；奖金
9
hang ut闲逛；(把洗好的东西)挂在外面晾干
10
[教材原句]Tim is smene whm I shuld try my best t help，even if it means mre wrk fr me．蒂姆是我应该尽全力去帮助的人，即使这意味着我有更多的工作要做。
动作描写
情感描写
环境描写
recver; respnd;
aplgize; trick;
suffer；misunderstand
awkward; at
a lss; frank;
reflectin;
jy; failure
sight; ut
f ne's sight