外研版高考英语一轮复习第2讲介词课时学案
展开常考介词的用法
1.表示时间的介词
Jane is in a hurry because the train t the airprt leaves in half an hur.
简很着急,因为去机场的火车半小时后出发。
In Britain,it's nt unusual t have a business meeting ver breakfast.
在英国,早餐时间开商务会议并不稀奇。
2.表示方位的介词
The dg jumped ver sme bushes and saw the little stream.
小狗跳过几丛灌木看到小溪。
The sunlight came in thrugh the windws in the rf and lit up the whle rm.
阳光透过天窗,照亮了整个房间。
3.表示方式的介词
表示使用的工具、手段、材料时,with,by,in,n都意为“用”。with多指用具体的工具、身体的某部位或器官;by侧重指使用某种方法、手段或乘坐某种交通工具;in指使用某种语言、笔墨等;n 多用于固定词组中。
by train乘火车 in English用英语
n TV通过电视 with a pencil用铅笔
4.表示“除……之外”的介词(短语)
Apart frm gd service,the restaurant ffers different kinds f traditinal Fujian dishes.
除了优质的服务外,这家饭店还提供各种各样的传统福建菜。
5.表示原因的介词(短语)
fr,because f,due t,thanks t,wing t,n accunt f,as a result f
The penair celebratin has been put ff because f the bad weather.
因为天气不好,这次户外庆祝会被推迟了。
Owing t bad weather,the flight was delayed fr a cuple f hurs.
由于天气恶劣,航班延误了好几个小时。
6.其他常考的介词
She drve s fast at the turn that the car almst went ff the rad.
她在转弯处开得如此快,以至于汽车差点偏离公路。
The exercise was beynd the abilities f mst f the class.
这项练习超出了班里大多数学生的能力。
单句语法填空
1.(2022·南通市考前练习卷)Withut a language barrier, Wu read sme f the ancient Chinese medical classics.
2.(2022·豫北重点高中模拟)Underthe leadership f the Cmmunist Party f China (CPC), the cuntry will be mre prsperus and strnger.
3.(2022·中原名校联盟4月份适应性联考)As well as famus riginal wrks, sme f the items n display will be newly created nes.
4.(2022·河南许平汝联盟模拟)Mga Grttes, the greatest treasure f Buddhist art fund in a single lcality anywhere in the wrld, cnsists f numerus temples that cntain cuntless sculptures.
5.(2022·南宁市第二次适应性测试)With time ging by, mre and mre peple perfrm Shaanxi kuaiban in different particular events.
6.(2022·抚顺市第一中学模拟)Kere wn special praise fr his 2001 prject t build a primary schl in Gand, the village where he was brn.
7.(2022·南通市二模)Students at a primary schl in Hangzhu had their first class n March 1st n mvable type.
8.(2022·滨州市最后一卷)Pembertn decided t sell it as a drink rather than a medicine.
常考介词短语及搭配
1.与名词的搭配
at a time每次,一次
at a lss 困惑,不知所措
at first sight乍一看
by mistake错误地 in return作为回报
in turn依次;转而 in shape健康状况良好
n purpse故意地
n average平均
in hnur f向……表示敬意
in memry f为了纪念……
in additin t 除了
n the cntrary与此相反
n behalf f 代表
apprach t ……的方法
by means f 借助
lack f 缺乏……
by accident/chance 偶然
beynd ne's reach够不着
under cnstructin/cnsideratin在建设/考虑
at the cst f 以……为代价
in terms/view f鉴于,根据
fr the benefit f为了……的利益
2.与动词的搭配
apply fr申请
refer t 谈到;涉及;查阅
result frm 由于
apprve f赞成 cmplain f 抱怨
cnsist f 由……组成
depend/rely n 依靠 result in/lead t导致
date frm/back t 追溯到
3.与形容词的搭配
be aware f 意识到
be prud f 以……为荣
be eager fr 渴望 be absent frm 缺席
be ashamed f对……感到羞耻
be ppular with sb.受某人欢迎
be strict with sb.对某人严格
be addicted t 对……上瘾;沉溺于
be available t 对……可用;可供……使用
be beneficial t 对……有益处
be devted t 致力于,献身于
be similar t 与……相似
be anxius abut/fr 忧虑,担心
be curius abut 对……好奇
be particular abut 挑剔
4.其他搭配
far frm 远非 nce in a while 偶尔
up t 达到;由……决定
in spite f 尽管;虽然
ahead f(时间,空间)在……前面;领先
单句语法填空
1.(2022·如皋市5月适应性考试)Yu wes his schlarship win t his astrnmy hbby.
2.(2022·柳州市第三次模拟)Unluckily, his wrkshp caught a big fire ne day and burned t the grund.
3.(2022·桂林、崇左、贺州、河池、来宾市联考)Green tea is rich in a substance called EGCG.This substance has the ability t depress the grwth f cancer cells.
4.(2022·合肥市第一中学最后一卷)In additin t ptential damage t spacecraft and satellites, space junk als pses a threat t the Earth itself.
5.(2022·山西稷山中学模拟)The guard tld them that he saw an nging crime by accident.
6.(2022·枣庄模拟)I gt a place next t the windw, s I had a gd view f the sidewalk.
7.(2022·利津第三次月考)Start with single syllables and d that a lt and then syllable pairs.
8.(2022·南通市三模)D yu want t keep up with the latest research and discveries in science?
题型
高考典题试做
命题角度解读
语法填空
1.(2022·全国甲卷)Nw,Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute.He flew 4,700 kilmeters frm Xi'an t Kashgar n Sept.20,planning t hike back t Xi'an in five mnths.
2.(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Giant pandas als serve as an umbrella species(物种),bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China.
3.(2021·全国乙卷)It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept until/till the late 1980s.During that time,increasing envirnmental awareness made it desirable.
4.(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has survived China's lng histry.It was built riginally t prtect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred(修复).
1.考查介词的基本用法;
2.考查固定搭配中的介词。
介词
用法
at
表示时间的点、时刻等。at 6 'clck在6点钟;at daybreak在黎明
n
表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间或具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上(常有前置定语或后置定语修饰)。n Mnday afternn在周一下午;n a rainy mrning在一个雨天的上午
in
表示在某段较长的时间内。in the 20th century在 20世纪;in winter在冬季;in September在9月;in the mrning在上午
since+时间点
自从……以来
fr+时间段
长达……
during
在……期间
until/till
直到……
by
到……为止;不迟于……
in/after+时间段
在……之后。“in+时间段”常与将来时连用;“after+时间段”常与过去时连用
befre
在……之前
ver
在……期间;直到……结束
介词
用法
at
后常接相对较小的地方
in
后常接相对较大的地方或在某一个大的范围之内
n
在……上(反义词beneath)
acrss
从……的表面穿过;在……对面
thrugh
从……的内部穿过
ver
在……的上面,表示垂直在上,在正上方;从……的上面跨过(反义词under)
abve
指离开物体表面而在其上方,但并不一定是垂直向上;还可指数目、数量、水平、年龄等“超过,多于,大于”(反义词belw)
介词(短语)
用法
besides
意为“除……之外(还有)”,相当于in additin t
except
意为“除……之外(别无)”,可接名词、代词、介词短语
but
意为“除……之外”(=except)
apart frm
既可相当于besides或in additin t,也可相当于except (fr)
ther than
意为“除……之外(别无)”
介词
用法
against
违反,相反;倚靠;以……为背景,衬托
beynd
(范围、限度)超出,为……所不能及
by
程度或增减的幅度;按……计
despite
尽管
fr
(表示目的)为了;(表示对象或用途)给;因为;从……来看;赞成,支持
with
和……在一起;和,跟;具有,带有;(表示伴随)随着
within
(范围、程度)在……内
withut
没有
ff
(表示位置)在……的外面;(表示方向)偏离;从……离开
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