【学考复习】（江苏专用）2024年高中英语学业水平考试 专题讲解 第07讲名词性从句-讲义

这是一份【学考复习】（江苏专用）2024年高中英语学业水平考试 专题讲解 第07讲名词性从句-讲义，文件包含学考复习江苏专用2024年高中英语学业水平考试专题讲解第07讲名词性从句讲义原卷版docx、学考复习江苏专用2024年高中英语学业水平考试专题讲解第07讲名词性从句讲义解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共25页， 欢迎下载使用。
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc20312" PAGEREF _Tc20312 \h 1
\l "_Tc6558" PAGEREF _Tc6558 \h 1
\l "_Tc15851" 考点一 主语从句 PAGEREF _Tc15851 \h 1
\l "_Tc26385" 考点二 宾语从句2
\l "_Tc2857" 考点三 表语从句4
\l "_Tc2857" 考点四 同位语从句4
\l "_Tc23347" 8
\l "_Tc9551" 10
掌握连接代词和连接副词以及从属连词的用法
掌握主语从句的考点
掌握宾语从句的考点
掌握表语从句的考点
掌握同位语从句的考点
名词性从句指的是由一个从句来充当名词的作用。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
1、主语从句 引导主语从句的词有连词that，whether；连接代词wh，what，which；连接副词when，where，hw，why等
Whether he will cme r nt desn’t matter much.
Whever cmes here will be welcme.
That she was chsen made us very happy.
*that引导主语从句时一般不省略。当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if。
·主语从句常用it作形式主语。如：
（1） It is+名词(词组)+主语从句
It’s a pity that 遗憾的是…… It’s a shame that 真是可耻……
It’s a surprise that 惊讶的是…… It’s a fact that 事实是……
It’s n wnder that 不足为奇…… It’s a fact 事实是……
It’s gd news 是好消息…… It’s an hnur 非常荣幸……
It’s cmmn knwledge that 是常识……
（2） It is+形容词+主语从句
It’s natural that… 很自然…… It’s bvius/clear that … 显而易见……
It’s frtunate that … 幸运的是…… It’s (im)pssible…（不）可能……
It’s unlikely that… 不可能…… It’s strange that…奇怪的是……
（3） It is+过去分词+主语从句
It’s nt knwn that… ……不得而知 It’s said that… 据说……
It’s reprted that… 据报道…… It’s decided that…尚未决定
It’s believed that… 据认为…… It’s annunced that…据宣布……
（4） It+不及物动词+主语从句
It seems /appears that ... 似乎… It happens that... 碰巧…
It ccurs t sb that... 某人突然想起… It turns ut that…结果……
It desn't matter + that/whether/wh- ......不重要。
（5） 其他
It desn’t matter … 是无关紧要的
It makes n difference …毫无区别……
It is f little cnsequence that…无关紧要
2、宾语从句
宾语从句是英语中用来充当宾语的句子。其语序是陈述句语序。引导宾语从句的词有wh, whm, whse, what, which, that, hw, when, where, why, whether, if等
She asked me whether I had returned the bks t the library，and I admitted that I hadn't.
她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。
Our teacher always tell us t believe in what we d and wh we are if we want t succeed.
我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。
·只用whether的六种情况：
（1）在带t的动词不定式前
He desn’t knw whether t g t the cinema r t watch TV at hme.
（2）在介词后
I’m thinking f whether we shuld g fishing.
（3）直接与r nt连用时
I dn’t knw whether r nt they will cme t help us.
（4）在动词discuss后面的宾语从句中
We discussed whether wuld have a sprts meeting next week.
（5）宾语从句提前时只能用whether
Whether this is true r nt, I can’t say.
（6）引导位于句首的主语从句或表语从句用whether
Whether he is right r wrng is a questin.
·it作形式宾语
（1）动词find/feel/think/cnsider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句
（2）动词hate/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/enjy＋it＋从句
（3）短语动词see t/ depend n/rely n＋it＋从句
（4）固定搭配take it fr granted that/we it t sb.that＋从句
N matter where he is，he makes it a rule t g fr a walk befre breakfast.
无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。
I shall see t it that he is taken gd care f when yu are absent.
你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
I think it necessary that we take plenty f biled water every day.
我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。
* that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。
*一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。
*“否定前移现象”：当主句的主语是第一人称，且主语的谓语动词是 think, believe; suppse; expect, imagine 等感知动词时，人们常把对宾语从句的否定前移到主句中去。
误：I think chickens can nt swim.
正：I dn’t think chickens can swim.
3、表语从句
表语从句位于系动词之后，引导表语从句的词有从属连词that、whether、as thugh(if)；关系代词wh, what, which, whm, whse, whatever, whever, whmever, whichever等；关系副词when, where, why, hw, hwever, whenever, wherever等。可以接表语从句的连系动词由be, lk, remain, seem等。
·常考的表语从句：
（1）This/ That/ It is why＋表语从句(表结果)“这/那就是……的原因”
（2）This/ That/ It is because＋表语从句(表原因)“这/那是因为……”
（3）The reasn that＋表语从句“……的原因是……”
Frm space，the earth lks blue. This is because abut seventy­ne percent f its surface is cvered by water. 从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。
*if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。
*as if/as thugh引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，lk，taste，sund，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。
4、同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。常见同位语从句的名词：advice，cnclusin，dubt，fact，hpe，idea，news，prmise，questin，suggestin，thught，truth，wish，wrd，evidence，belief，rder等。引导同位语从句的引导词：that，whether，hw，where，when，why等。同位语从句是完整的句子，引导词不作成分且去掉同位语从句原句仍然完整。
The manager put frward a suggestin that we shuld have an assistant. There is t much wrk t d. 经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。
*与定语从句的区别：
（1） 定语从句中名词充当成分；同位语从句中不充当成分
（2） 定语从句中连接代词作宾语时可以省略；同位语从句中连接代词不可以省略
（3） 同位语从句中遇到 rder, requirement, suggestin, advice 等词，要用虚拟语气
Yu have t take my advice that yu (shuld) read newspaper ne hur a day.
（4） 同位语从句离所修饰的名词可能较远
Wrd came that the team beat the ppnent.
A gd idea ccurred t me that we can hld a fare-well party fr her.
（5） 同位语从句的先行词应是表示抽象概念的名词，如：idea, belief, cnclusin, impressin，fact，news，idea，thught，hpe，rder, suggestin，belief等，而定语从句的先行词是各种抽象概念的词或具体概念的词，还可以是代词。
·注意：
（1）名词性从句中连接词的选用：
连接词that在名词性从句中虽然没有意义，在从句中也不作任何成分，只有在宾语从句中可以省略，其它从句中不能省略。whether/if在句子中同样仅仅起到引导从句的作用，不充当任何成分，但它引导的句子带有疑问，意为“是否”。在主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句中不能用if代替whether，在宾语从句中可以互换，但也应注意一些只能用whether的情况（详情见上页宾语从句的讲解部分）。选用what和which时，要注意有无范围限制，有范围用which，无范围用what。但是我们要特别注意的是，若指人，即使选择的范围不明确，也多用which。
e.g. Which clr d yu like, black r white?
Which is bigger, the sun r the earth?
What clr is yu car?
Which writers d yu like?
常用连接词及选择方法：
①从句不缺成分，不缺意思，一般用that
②从句不缺成分，但需补充意思：whether，if，hw，where，when，why，because
③从句不仅缺成分，又需补充意思：wh，whm，whever，what，whatever，which，whichever……
（2）连词what的用法：
what引导名词性从句，同时在从句中充当主语，宾语及表语，相当于smething that……r
all that……。有些情况下，它有疑问的意思，意为“什么”。如：
They want t knw what they shuld d t help the pr lady.
（3）区分状语从句和名词性从句：
名词性从句的主句不完整，而状语从句的主句是完整的。
（4）复合词whatever和whever的用法
①whatever和whever可用于引导名词性从句。wh-ever 在引导名词性从句时不能用 n matter wh-来替换
Whatever（=anything that）yu want is available in the mass merchandiser.
Whever（=anyne wh）wants t visit the museum can sign here.
②whatever和whever还能引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么”和“无论是谁”。
Whatever（=n matter what）yu d，I will fllw yu.
Whever（=n matter wh）yu are，yu must bey the traffic rules.
（5）whever（=anyne wh）和wh的区分
whever强调的是人，wh强调的是一整件事。
Wh has wn the first prize is still unknwn.
Whever has wn the first prize is ging t be a new ppstar.
考点一 主语从句
【典例分析】
（2023·天津红桥·高二统考学业考试） was mst imprtant t her, she tld me, was her family.
A．ItB．ThisC．WhatD．As
考点二 宾语从句
【典例分析】
（2023春·河北·高二统考学业考试）I wnder if yu can tell me Tm is I can't find him anywhere.
A．whereB．whC．whenD．what
考点三 表语从句
【典例分析】
（2023·江苏·高二学业考试） Perseverance is a kind f quality, and that’s _____ it takes t d anything well.
A．whatB．thatC．whichD．why
考点四 同位语从句
【典例分析】
（2022·内蒙古·高二统考学业考试）The news ______ a bridge ver the rad right in frnt f ur schl will be built next year excites us greatly.
A．whichB．thatC．whatD．whether
1．（2022·内蒙古·高二统考学业考试）The news ______ a bridge ver the rad right in frnt f ur schl will be built next year excites us greatly.
A．whichB．thatC．whatD．whether
2．（2022春·天津·高二统考学业考试）—There is s much t get dne tday.
—I will help yu with ______ yu need. Just name it!
A．whateverB．hweverC．wheneverD．whever
3．（2022·内蒙古·高二统考学业考试）The Natinal Railway Administratin recently released a draft guideline________ train tickets may be priced based n age instead f height.
A．whichB．thatC．whatD．whether
4．（2022·天津南开·高二南开大学附属中学统考学业考试）I think ______ impresses me abut his painting is the clrs he uses.
A．whetherB．thatC．whichD．what
5．（2022·天津河北·高二统考学业考试）It's hard fr Lisa t decide ______ t g abrad fr further educatin r nt, s she wants t ask her teacher fr sme advice.
A．hwB．whereC．whatD．whether
6．（2022春·甘肃天水·高二天水市第一中学校考学业考试）But this is the first time that I ______ an applicatin and the persnal resume, s I dn’t knw ______ there is smething t pay attentin t.
A．had written; whetherB．wrte; what
C．have been written; whyD．have written; if
7．（2021秋·吉林·高二学业考试）________ breaks the law shuld be punished.
A．WhB．ThseC．AnyneD．Whever
8．（2021秋·吉林·高二学业考试）________ Tm will g t my birthday party mattered a lt t me.
A．WhatB．WhetherC．ThatD．Which
9．（2021秋·云南·高三学业考试）I want t knw _______________ it is wrth ding.
A．untilB．unlessC．whetherD．befre
10．（2020秋·河北·高三统考学业考试）The villagers were shcked at the news. N ne knew ________ wuld happen next.
A．hwB．whenC．whichD．what
1． Zhng Wei tld his friends _________ t be back t his hmetwn.
A．hw happy he isB．hw happy he was
C．he is hw happyD．he was hw happy
2． The truth is ________ we are lucky enugh t have clean water whenever we want, but this is nt the case fr many peple arund the wrld.
A．whatB．whyC．thatD．where
3． Recnstructing the wrk f the craftsmen frm ancient times can reveal they viewed the wrld and what went n in the wrkshps that prduced them.
A．whatB．whenC．whyD．hw
4． One f the reasns why Charles Dickens lved his nvel David Cpperfield was________it was based n his wn life.
A．whatB．hwC．thatD．whether
5． The emplyers ften give the jb t________they believe has wrk experience with strng sense f duty.
A．wheverB．whC．thse whD．whmever
6． When I was a little by, the dinner n the eve f Spring Festival was ______ I lked frward t mst.
A．thatB．whatC．whichD．when
7． Prfessr Smith desn’t have time t explain________ the university library wrks, s we have t find it ut by urselves.
A．thatB．whatC．hwD．where
8． ________ all this put under debate is whether they need t mve their cattle t anther field fr nutritin purpse.
A．HwB．WhyC．WhatD．That
9． I hpe t set up ur cmpany in will be a prmising land, a place is full f pprtunities.
A．where, whereB．where, thatC．what, whereD．what, that
10． I think the teacher wuld like t knw _______ I’ve been up t s far, s I decide t send him a quick nte.
A．whichB．whyC．whatD．hw
11． It is________ that Zhengzhu is nt ________ it used t be.
A．wrth nting; thatB．wrthy f being nted; what
C．wrth being nted;whatD．wrthy nting; that
12． ______ is a gd meal and a gd rest.
A．That yu really needB．That yu really need
C．What yu really needD．What are yu really needed
13． It is ________ he ften feels sleepy in class ________ makes his teachers wrried abut him.
A．what; thatB．that; whatC．that; thatD．/; that
14． I guess ________ impresses me mst abut his painting is the clrs he uses.
A．whB．which
C．thatD．what
15． In many ways, the magic f AI is ________ it’s nt smething yu can see r tuch.
A．whetherB．what
C．thatD．why