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专题08 并列句和状语从句-备战2024年英语新高考高频易错考点
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这是一份专题08 并列句和状语从句-备战2024年英语新高考高频易错考点，文件包含教师版专题08并列句和状语从句-备战高考英语考试易错题docx、学生版专题08并列句和状语从句-备战高考英语考试易错题docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共41页， 欢迎下载使用。
【导入】
并列连词和状语从句解题思路：
1. 句型判断法：细心审题，对号入座
2. 逻辑判断法：准确理解句意，确定适当连词
技巧1 连词用法要熟记
1.（2017·北京）—Peter, please send us pstcards we’ll knw where yu have visited.
—N prblem.
【解析】——Peter，请给我们寄一些明信片，这样我们就能知道你去过哪里。
——没有问题。
根据语境可知，让Peter寄明信片的目的是了解Peter去过哪里，此处表示目的，所以用s连接并列句。注意：不能误填fr，如果后半句表示原因可用fr，且之前常有逗号隔开。
【答案】s
1．and
2．r
3．表示对比、转折关系的并列连词有but, yet, whereas, while等。
►He likes pp music, while I am fnd f flk music.
他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
►Sme f the studies shw psitive results, whereas thers nt.
有一些研究结果令人满意，然而其他的则不然。
【注意】 but还可用于“I'm srry but…”“Excuse me but…”句式中。
►I am srry but I wn't be able t cme tnight.
对不起我今晚不能来。
4．表示因果关系的并列连词有s, fr等。
►It must have rained last night, fr it is wet all ver.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处都是湿的。
►The shps were clsed, s I didn't get any milk.
商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。
5．when也可用作并列连词，常用于以下句式中：
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(be ding sth when…正在做……这时……,be abut t d sth when…正打算做……这时……,be n the pint f ding sth when…正要做……这时……,had just dne sth when… 刚做完……这时……))
►I had just finished my hmewrk when Tm came t me.
我刚写完作业，Tm就来找我了。
6．bth…and…， neither…nr…， nt nly…but als…等。
►He spke with bth kindness and understanding.
他说话既亲切又善解人意。
►Neither Tm nr Helen is hardwrking.
Tm和Helen都不勤奋。
（2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错）Befre getting int the car, I thught I had learned the instructr’s rders, s nce I started the car, my mind went blank.
2.（2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错）I have grwn nt nly physically, and als mentally in the past few years.
3. Xia Ming tk his cellphne t schl and① played cellphne in class，s② his head teacher was very angry.He said t Xia Ming，“Others are studying hard while③ yu are playing hard.Yu either quit schl r break the cellphne.④” Xia Ming didn’t want t break his cellphne but⑤ he culdn’t quit schl.He thught t himself，“ Break it，r I will be dismissed.⑥”If he was dismissed，nt nly wuld his mther cry but als his father wuld deliver him a spanking①.
说出划线连词在句中的逻辑意义：
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
技巧2 依据句子逻辑确定状语从句引导词
1. （2020·全国卷Ⅲ） ___65___ he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___66___ (pint) dwn the river.
【解析】考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。
【答案】When/As
1.【2016·浙江】_______nline shpping has changed ur life , nt all f its effects have been psitive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
2.（2017·北京）If yu dn’t understand smething, yu may research, study, and talk t ther peple yu figure it ut.
技巧3注意固定句式中的连词
1 . They serve as an imprtant driving frce fr lcal ecnmic and scial develpment, while acting as a bridge between Quanzhu ____________ the wider wrld.
【解析】and 考查并列连词。句意：他们是当地经济和社会发展的重要驱动力，同时也是泉州与世界的桥梁。分析句子结构可知，空处应填并列连词。为固定搭配，意为“在……之间”，故填and。
【答案】and
1. Sme peple are able t lse weight n highprtein diets in the shrtterm but this weight lss is nt due t eating mre animal prtein, ____________ simply due t cnsuming fewer calries.
2. Life isn't perfect and it's always hard, ____________ we need reminders in ur life frm friends, authrs, blggers, pastrs r ur inner spirits t refcus n the things that matter and make us live psitively.
基础夯实
考点一 并列连词
考点二 状语从句
一、时间状语从句
1.when/while/as引导的时间状语从句
2.表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句
1）as sn as, the mment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly等
The mment my aunt gained her diplma after fur years f hard wrk, she was filled with jy.
我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
2）在, n 结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly gt t the ffice when my wife phned me t g back hme at nce.我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
3. befre, since引导的时间状语从句
1）befre表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋befre...要过/过了……时间才……；②It wn’t be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋befre...要不了多久就/没过多久就……。
If yu miss this chance, it will be years befre yu get anther ne.如果你错过了这个机会,那要过很多年你才能获得另一个。
2）since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句（常用过去时）。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常为一般现在时、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
As is reprted, it is ver 100 years since Tsinghua University was funded.据报道，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。
4.till/until引导的时间状语从句
主句是肯定句时，until/till表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；主句是否定句时，表示“直到……才……”，nt所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。
If yu dn’t understand smething, yu may research and talk t ther peple until yu figure it ut.如果你不理解某事，你可以去调查并和其他人讨论，直到你把它弄明白。
5. every time，each time, next time, the first time，by the time等引导的时间状语从句
By the time yu have finished this bk, yur meal will get cld.等你看完这本书,你的饭就凉了。
二、让步状语从句
1. althugh, thugh, as和while引导的让步状语从句
Althugh these measures are nt effective frever, they are vital fr nw.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
Ht as/thugh the night air was, we slept deeply because we were s tired after the lng jurney.夜晚的空气虽然很热，但我们睡得很沉，因为长途旅行之后我们太累了。
易错提示
1）thugh引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；althugh引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句用倒装语序：表语/状语/谓语中的实义动词＋as＋主语＋其他，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。
2）while引导的让步状语从句一般置于句首。
2. even if与even thugh 引导的让步状语从句
even if/even thugh引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
Tim is in gd shape physically even thugh/even if he desn’t get much exercise.尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但他身体状态很好。
3.“疑问词-ever”引导的让步状语从句
“疑问词-ever”引导让步状语从句时，相当于n matter+疑问词。
Hwever/N matter hw hard yu try, it is difficult t lse weight withut cutting dwn the amunt yu eat.不管你多么努力，不减少饭量，减肥很难。
引导的让步状语从句
意为“不管是……还是……”。该复合连词引导的让步状语从句表示正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。
All peple, whether they are ld r yung, rich r pr, have been trying their best t help thse in need since the disaster.所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
三、其他状语从句
模拟演练
Ⅰ、单项选择
1．Take a taxi, yu'll miss yur train.
A．andB．ifC．therwiseD．but
2．Dn’t use yur mbile phne while charging, ______ yu may be shcked by electricity.
A．rB．andC．butD．yet
3.Nearly three mnths had gne by _________ the seriusly injured girl shwed a slight sign f recvery.
A．untilB．befre
C．sinceD．after
4.Thugh it is 5 years________ he retired frm his wrk place, the ld prfessr remains active in the academic circles.
A．whenB．thatC．befreD．since
5.________ he passed away in 1961, Mei Lanfang had been perfrming and encuraging the spread f Peking Opera fr almst 60 years.
A．OnceB．AsC．UntilD．Since
6．________ everyne has left the party, we need t start cleaning.
A．BefreB．WheneverC．Nw thatD．In case
7．______ yu have the chance t prve yur abilities, why nt make full use f it?
A．Even ifB．As sn asC．Nw thatD．As lng as
8．Several years later, Helen and Zhu Mei met again in New Yrk and they picked up their friendship ________ it left ff.
A．whereB．whatC．hw .D．when
9．1 study Italian ________ I wuld be able t read Dante in the riginal.
A．s thatB．even thughC．in caseD．as if
10．—What d yu think f the teacher?
—______she is elegant, she can be extremely difficult t deal with.
A．Even ifB．AsC．BecauseD．While
11．________ a great many peple like the cnvenience f using WeChat t cmmunicate with each ther, t many junk messages n it may make them bred.
A．HwB．WhenC．SinceD．While
12．A number f high buildings have arisen________ there was nthing a year ag but ruins.
A．whereB．whichC．thatD．when
13．We will g camping this weekend ________ the weather is gd.
A．s lng asB．as far asC．fr fear thatD．nw that
14．1 have heard many yung peple say they never fully appreciated their mthers________it was t late t tell them.
A．asB．thatC．untilD．when
15．________rich ne may be. there is always smething ne wants.
A．WhateverB．WheneverC．HweverD．Wherever
16．We all need t get invlved in saving energy ________ it's at wrk, at hme, r at schl.
A．unlessB．nceC．whetherD．because
17． things had been tugh when he was in schl, he graduated frm cllege with the highest hnr.
A．IfB．WhileC．BecauseD．As
18．I nly take n wrk that excites me it means turning dwn lts f mney.
A．as ifB．in caseC．nw thatD．even if
19．—Mike is ___________ hnest by that all f us like him.
A．suchB．sC．such anD．s an
20．_______ I’m willing t help, I dn’t have much time available.
A．AsB．WhileC．As thughD．Since
21．If yu dn’t grasp this chance, it may be years ______ yu get anther ne.
A．befreB．sinceC．untilD．unless
22．--- Hw lng will it be ________ yur brther attends university?
--- Half a mnth.
A．sinceB．befreC．untilD．when
23．We were all cnfused why he left the jb____he was s well paid in that big cmpany.
A．ifB．untilC．nceD．when
24．If yu are travelling ____________ custms are really freign t yu, please d as the Rmans d.
A．whereB．whenC．thatD．which
25．Tw years ag, a new schl was set up_________there had nce been a factry.
A．thatB．whenC．whichD．where
Ⅱ、语法填空
1._____________difficulties we meet, we can wrk them ut. (用适当的词填空)
2.Being equipped with rich experience,____________it is frm bks r practice, will make him well prepared fr his future career. (用适当的单词填空)
3.The Xiamen f tday is still changing, s rapidly, in fact, _________________maps f the city becme utdated almst as sn as they_________________(publish). (用适当的单词和所给词的适当形式填空)
4． The mther held the baby in her frnt paws much the way a human des. ________ it cried, she rcked it back and frth and gave it little cmfrting pats.
5． Over time, ________ the ppulatin grew, peple began cutting fd int small pieces s it wuld ck mre quickly.
6.Senir citizens are the first t cme t ur mind when yu think f hearing lss, but in a recent reprt, hearing prfessinals wrry teenagers will sn utnumber aging adults ______ it cmes t living with hearing lss.
7.They put n prtective suits and glves______they entered the building.
8．My mther is always warning me when I g ut, “Dn't get ff the bus ________ it is running．”
9．I had hardly rung the bell ________ the dr was pened suddenly, and my sn rushed ut t greet me．
10．I wn't lend yu my car ________ yu prmise yu will nt drive after drinking．
11．He had t sell his luxury car, ________ his cmpany was in debt．
12.It will be ften a lng time ______yur friend fully remves that memry，s dn't be disappinted if it desn't happen immediately.
13.He knew that chlera wuld nt be cntrlled ______its cause was fund.
14.Tday, he is s gd at wdcarving ______his hme city allws him t wrk his magic n ld tree stumps and s far abut 40 wrks f art have been created in the lcal parks.
15.The fear is that ______we dn’t start taking this litter ut f the sky sn, it will becme a significant threat t active satellites.
16.We must learn by using the language. ______we are satisfied with nly a few rules we have memrized, we are nt really learning the language.
Ⅲ、短文填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Fr ages, embridery（刺绣）1．（knw）as a wman’s jb. Hwever, like any gd fashin designer, Zhang Yan dares t be different. In the last three mnths, the 25-year-ld’s wrk has hit New Yrk and changed the impressin abut men and needlewrk. His shw in New Yrk was called Fusheng，2．means “a flating life”. It3．（feature）thin silk and Suzhu embridery. Zhang explained his methd and technique4．the reprter f CGTN. He used a firm, transparent silk t symblize the tw characteristics f5．（flexible）and steadiness. These refer t the tw perids f ur lives-when we are yung and when we grw up.
In the shw, abut 100 children came up t the catwalk with Chinese classical music. They wre clthes with traditinal Chinese patterns,6．gldfish and dragns, symblizing gd luck and strength.
Zhang’s path t success is nt easy. It’s a jurney full f sweat and tears.7．（inspire）by museum pieces, Zhang has spent abut fur years learning t embrider n qipa. Zhang wants t bring embridery t the wrld f high design,8．（give）full play t the classical beauty.9．handling the tiny needle with his big hands wasn’t easy at first, after three t five years f practice, Zhang said he had10．（great）imprved his wrk, in terms f bth appearance and detail. “I’m trying t be enthusiastic, stay interested and keep mving n and n.”
真题演练
【2022年】
1（2022新高考I卷）After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP is designed t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, __________ leaving behind precius natural assets(资产)fr future generatins”.
2（2022新高考II卷）He hung n fr a few minutes ___________ screamed fr his father, but his father didn't hear him.
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）We all need t get invlved in saving energy ________ it's at wrk, at hme, r at schl.
A．unlessB．nceC．whetherD．because
2．（2021·天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has s many crazy ideas.
A．whetherB．whyC．whatD．when
3. （2021·全国乙卷短文改错）I lve ding husewrk. I always assist my parents in ding the dishes after meals. I als water the flwers in the yard and tidy up my wn bedrm whatever necessary.
4.（2021·浙江1月卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index (体重指数) acrss 200 cuntries, the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier 28． that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl 29． gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 30． (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI f between 19 and 25 31． (cnsider) healthy.
The study fund that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32． 2. 1 in wmen and men. In cities, hwever, the gain 33． (be) 1. 3 in wmen and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the gegraphy f BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries 34． (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed 35．(sharp).
This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple 36． (live) in the cuntryside, including 37． (lw) levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
【2020年】
1.（2020·江苏卷）They decide t have mre wrkers fr the prject ____ it wn’t be delayed.
A. even if B. as if C. nw that D. s that
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】The dctr shares his phne number with the patients __________ they need medical assistance.
A. if nlyB. as ifC. even thughD. in case
2.【2019·天津卷】Tm is s independent that he never asks his parents' pinin _________ he wants their supprt.
A. sinceB. nce
C. unlessD. after
3.【2019·新课标I卷】Suddenly ftball feel just in frnt f me but almst hit me.
4.【2019·新课标II卷】I dn't see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made_(make) ver the years. I wrk nt because I have t, ___67___ because I want t.”
5.【2019·新课标III卷】On ur way t the huse，it was raining ___61___ hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get (get)there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.
【2018年】
1.【2018·江苏】_______ yu can sleep well, yu will lse the ability t fcus, plan and stay mtivated after ne r tw nights.
A. Once B. UnlessC. If D. When
2.【2018·天津】 Let's nt pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enugh t be eaten.
A. ever since B. as ifC. even thugh D. s that
3.【2018·北京】_________ we dn’t stp climate change, many animals and plants in the wrld will be gne.
A. Althugh B. While C. If D. Until
【2017年】
1.【2017·北京】If yu dn’t understand smething, yu may research, study, and talk t ther peple _______ yu figure it ut.
A. because B. thugh C. until D. since
2.【2017·北京】______ birds use their feathers fr flight, sme f their feathers are fr ther purpses.
A. Once B. If C. Althugh D. Because
3.【2017·北京】—Peter, please send us pstcards ______ we’ll knw where yu have visited.
—N prblem.
A. but B. r C. fr D. s
4.【2017· 江苏】Lcated _______ the Belt meets the Rad, Jiangsu will cntribute mre t the Belt and Rad cnstructin.
【2016年】
1.【2016·北京】My grandfather still plays tennis nw and then, ________ he’s in his nineties.
A. as lng as B. as if C. even thugh D. in case
2.【2016·北京】I am nt afraid f tmrrw, ________ I have seen yesterday and I lve tday.
A. s B. andC. fr D. but
3.【2016·江苏】______sme peple are mtivated by a need fr success, thers are mtivated by a fear f failure.
A.BecauseB.IfC.UnlessD.While
4.【2016·天津】 ______ the average age f the ppulatin increases, there are mre and mre ld peple t care fr.
A. Unless B. UntilC. As D. While
5.【2016·浙江】_______nline shpping has changed ur life , nt all f its effects have been psitive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
6.【2016·北京】I really enjy listening t music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away frm ther cares f the day.
A. because B. befreC. unless D. until
学习评价：
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用 法
示 例
意为“和，并且”，当连接三个或三个以上并列的成分时，一般在最后两者之间加and，其余用逗号分开
Slid, liquid and gas are the three states f matter.固态、液态和气态是物质的三种状态。
“g (cme, stp等)＋and＋动词原形”中，“and＋动词原形”相当于“in rder t＋动词原形”
I'll g and bring back yur bts.＝I'll g in rder t bring back yur bts.我去把你的靴子拿回来。
“动词＋and＋动词”，前后为同一动词，表示动作长时间地“继续”或“重复”
We waited and waited.我们等啊等。
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”相当于“if从句＋主句”
Wrk hard and yu will succeed.＝If yu wrk hard, yu will succeed.努力工作，你就会成功。
用 法
示 例
表示选择，意为“或，还是”
Wuld yu prefer tea r cffee？你喜欢茶还是咖啡？
“祈使句＋r(else)＋陈述句”相当于“if…nt＋主句”
Dress warmly, r (else) yu'll catch a cld.穿暖和点儿，否则你会感冒的。
常考的并列连词
表示转折、对比关系
but, yet （然而）, while （然而，强调对比或转折）
I was never very neat, while my rmmate Kate was extremely rganized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，然而我的室友凯特却极有条理。
I was driving dwn t Lndn when I suddenly fund that I was n the wrng rad.我正在开车去伦敦，这时我突然发现自己走错了路。
表示并列关系
and, , nt nly... but （als）..., 等
表示选择关系
r, , nt but
表示因果关系
s, fr（一般不放在句首）
特殊并列连词及并列句
when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：
①be abut t d sth. when...某人正要做某事，这时突然……
②be n the pint f ding sth. when...某人正要做某事，这时突然……
③be ding sth. when...某人正在做某事，这时突然……
④sb. had just dne sth. when...某人刚做完某事，这时突然……
“祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语
when
when引导的从句的谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。
I lved histry when I was at schl.
我上学时喜欢历史。
while
while引导的从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。
Whilesme peple are mtivated by a need fr success, thers are mtivated by a fear f failure.当一些人被成功的需要驱动的时候,另一些人却被失败的恐惧驱动着。
as
as可表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行,可译为“一边……,一边……;随着……”。
Asthe average age f the ppulatin increases, there are mre and mre ld peple t care fr.随着人口平均年龄的增长,有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
条件状语从句
if, unless（如果不,除非）, s/as lng as（只要）, n cnditin that（条件是）, in case（万一）, suppsing（假如）, prvided/prviding（如果）
Yu wn’t get paid fr time ff unless yu have a dctr’s nte.除非你有医生的证明，否则你不上班便拿不到工资。
He had his camera ready in case he saw smething that wuld make a gd picture.他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些能够拍成好照片的东西。
As/Since yu were ut, I left a message.你不在，所以我留了一张字条。
I fund all the missing things where I had left them.我在丢东西的地方找到了所有丢失的东西。
原因状语从句
because, as, since, nw that, cnsidering that （考虑到,鉴于）
目的状语从句
s that, in rder that, in case （以防）
结果状语从句
s that, ,
地点状语从句
where, wherever
方式状语从句
as（按照）, as if/as thugh（好像）
比较状语从句
than, nt
【导入】
并列连词和状语从句解题思路：
1. 句型判断法：细心审题，对号入座
2. 逻辑判断法：准确理解句意，确定适当连词
技巧1 连词用法要熟记
1.（2017·北京）—Peter, please send us pstcards we’ll knw where yu have visited.
—N prblem.
【解析】——Peter，请给我们寄一些明信片，这样我们就能知道你去过哪里。
——没有问题。
根据语境可知，让Peter寄明信片的目的是了解Peter去过哪里，此处表示目的，所以用s连接并列句。注意：不能误填fr，如果后半句表示原因可用fr，且之前常有逗号隔开。
【答案】s
1．and
2．r
3．表示对比、转折关系的并列连词有but, yet, whereas, while等。
►He likes pp music, while I am fnd f flk music.
他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
►Sme f the studies shw psitive results, whereas thers nt.
有一些研究结果令人满意，然而其他的则不然。
【注意】 but还可用于“I'm srry but…”“Excuse me but…”句式中。
►I am srry but I wn't be able t cme tnight.
对不起我今晚不能来。
4．表示因果关系的并列连词有s, fr等。
►It must have rained last night, fr it is wet all ver.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处都是湿的。
►The shps were clsed, s I didn't get any milk.
商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。
5．when也可用作并列连词，常用于以下句式中：
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(be ding sth when…正在做……这时……,be abut t d sth when…正打算做……这时……,be n the pint f ding sth when…正要做……这时……,had just dne sth when… 刚做完……这时……))
►I had just finished my hmewrk when Tm came t me.
我刚写完作业，Tm就来找我了。
6．bth…and…， neither…nr…， nt nly…but als…等。
►He spke with bth kindness and understanding.
他说话既亲切又善解人意。
►Neither Tm nr Helen is hardwrking.
Tm和Helen都不勤奋。
（2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错）Befre getting int the car, I thught I had learned the instructr’s rders, s nce I started the car, my mind went blank.
2.（2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错）I have grwn nt nly physically, and als mentally in the past few years.
3. Xia Ming tk his cellphne t schl and① played cellphne in class，s② his head teacher was very angry.He said t Xia Ming，“Others are studying hard while③ yu are playing hard.Yu either quit schl r break the cellphne.④” Xia Ming didn’t want t break his cellphne but⑤ he culdn’t quit schl.He thught t himself，“ Break it，r I will be dismissed.⑥”If he was dismissed，nt nly wuld his mther cry but als his father wuld deliver him a spanking①.
说出划线连词在句中的逻辑意义：
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
技巧2 依据句子逻辑确定状语从句引导词
1. （2020·全国卷Ⅲ） ___65___ he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___66___ (pint) dwn the river.
【解析】考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。
【答案】When/As
1.【2016·浙江】_______nline shpping has changed ur life , nt all f its effects have been psitive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
2.（2017·北京）If yu dn’t understand smething, yu may research, study, and talk t ther peple yu figure it ut.
技巧3注意固定句式中的连词
1 . They serve as an imprtant driving frce fr lcal ecnmic and scial develpment, while acting as a bridge between Quanzhu ____________ the wider wrld.
【解析】and 考查并列连词。句意：他们是当地经济和社会发展的重要驱动力，同时也是泉州与世界的桥梁。分析句子结构可知，空处应填并列连词。为固定搭配，意为“在……之间”，故填and。
【答案】and
1. Sme peple are able t lse weight n highprtein diets in the shrtterm but this weight lss is nt due t eating mre animal prtein, ____________ simply due t cnsuming fewer calries.
2. Life isn't perfect and it's always hard, ____________ we need reminders in ur life frm friends, authrs, blggers, pastrs r ur inner spirits t refcus n the things that matter and make us live psitively.
基础夯实
考点一 并列连词
考点二 状语从句
一、时间状语从句
1.when/while/as引导的时间状语从句
2.表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句
1）as sn as, the mment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly等
The mment my aunt gained her diplma after fur years f hard wrk, she was filled with jy.
我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
2）在, n 结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly gt t the ffice when my wife phned me t g back hme at nce.我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
3. befre, since引导的时间状语从句
1）befre表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋befre...要过/过了……时间才……；②It wn’t be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋befre...要不了多久就/没过多久就……。
If yu miss this chance, it will be years befre yu get anther ne.如果你错过了这个机会,那要过很多年你才能获得另一个。
2）since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句（常用过去时）。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常为一般现在时、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
As is reprted, it is ver 100 years since Tsinghua University was funded.据报道，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。
4.till/until引导的时间状语从句
主句是肯定句时，until/till表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；主句是否定句时，表示“直到……才……”，nt所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。
If yu dn’t understand smething, yu may research and talk t ther peple until yu figure it ut.如果你不理解某事，你可以去调查并和其他人讨论，直到你把它弄明白。
5. every time，each time, next time, the first time，by the time等引导的时间状语从句
By the time yu have finished this bk, yur meal will get cld.等你看完这本书,你的饭就凉了。
二、让步状语从句
1. althugh, thugh, as和while引导的让步状语从句
Althugh these measures are nt effective frever, they are vital fr nw.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
Ht as/thugh the night air was, we slept deeply because we were s tired after the lng jurney.夜晚的空气虽然很热，但我们睡得很沉，因为长途旅行之后我们太累了。
易错提示
1）thugh引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；althugh引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句用倒装语序：表语/状语/谓语中的实义动词＋as＋主语＋其他，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。
2）while引导的让步状语从句一般置于句首。
2. even if与even thugh 引导的让步状语从句
even if/even thugh引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
Tim is in gd shape physically even thugh/even if he desn’t get much exercise.尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但他身体状态很好。
3.“疑问词-ever”引导的让步状语从句
“疑问词-ever”引导让步状语从句时，相当于n matter+疑问词。
Hwever/N matter hw hard yu try, it is difficult t lse weight withut cutting dwn the amunt yu eat.不管你多么努力，不减少饭量，减肥很难。
引导的让步状语从句
意为“不管是……还是……”。该复合连词引导的让步状语从句表示正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。
All peple, whether they are ld r yung, rich r pr, have been trying their best t help thse in need since the disaster.所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
三、其他状语从句
模拟演练
Ⅰ、单项选择
1．Take a taxi, yu'll miss yur train.
A．andB．ifC．therwiseD．but
2．Dn’t use yur mbile phne while charging, ______ yu may be shcked by electricity.
A．rB．andC．butD．yet
3.Nearly three mnths had gne by _________ the seriusly injured girl shwed a slight sign f recvery.
A．untilB．befre
C．sinceD．after
4.Thugh it is 5 years________ he retired frm his wrk place, the ld prfessr remains active in the academic circles.
A．whenB．thatC．befreD．since
5.________ he passed away in 1961, Mei Lanfang had been perfrming and encuraging the spread f Peking Opera fr almst 60 years.
A．OnceB．AsC．UntilD．Since
6．________ everyne has left the party, we need t start cleaning.
A．BefreB．WheneverC．Nw thatD．In case
7．______ yu have the chance t prve yur abilities, why nt make full use f it?
A．Even ifB．As sn asC．Nw thatD．As lng as
8．Several years later, Helen and Zhu Mei met again in New Yrk and they picked up their friendship ________ it left ff.
A．whereB．whatC．hw .D．when
9．1 study Italian ________ I wuld be able t read Dante in the riginal.
A．s thatB．even thughC．in caseD．as if
10．—What d yu think f the teacher?
—______she is elegant, she can be extremely difficult t deal with.
A．Even ifB．AsC．BecauseD．While
11．________ a great many peple like the cnvenience f using WeChat t cmmunicate with each ther, t many junk messages n it may make them bred.
A．HwB．WhenC．SinceD．While
12．A number f high buildings have arisen________ there was nthing a year ag but ruins.
A．whereB．whichC．thatD．when
13．We will g camping this weekend ________ the weather is gd.
A．s lng asB．as far asC．fr fear thatD．nw that
14．1 have heard many yung peple say they never fully appreciated their mthers________it was t late t tell them.
A．asB．thatC．untilD．when
15．________rich ne may be. there is always smething ne wants.
A．WhateverB．WheneverC．HweverD．Wherever
16．We all need t get invlved in saving energy ________ it's at wrk, at hme, r at schl.
A．unlessB．nceC．whetherD．because
17． things had been tugh when he was in schl, he graduated frm cllege with the highest hnr.
A．IfB．WhileC．BecauseD．As
18．I nly take n wrk that excites me it means turning dwn lts f mney.
A．as ifB．in caseC．nw thatD．even if
19．—Mike is ___________ hnest by that all f us like him.
A．suchB．sC．such anD．s an
20．_______ I’m willing t help, I dn’t have much time available.
A．AsB．WhileC．As thughD．Since
21．If yu dn’t grasp this chance, it may be years ______ yu get anther ne.
A．befreB．sinceC．untilD．unless
22．--- Hw lng will it be ________ yur brther attends university?
--- Half a mnth.
A．sinceB．befreC．untilD．when
23．We were all cnfused why he left the jb____he was s well paid in that big cmpany.
A．ifB．untilC．nceD．when
24．If yu are travelling ____________ custms are really freign t yu, please d as the Rmans d.
A．whereB．whenC．thatD．which
25．Tw years ag, a new schl was set up_________there had nce been a factry.
A．thatB．whenC．whichD．where
Ⅱ、语法填空
1._____________difficulties we meet, we can wrk them ut. (用适当的词填空)
2.Being equipped with rich experience,____________it is frm bks r practice, will make him well prepared fr his future career. (用适当的单词填空)
3.The Xiamen f tday is still changing, s rapidly, in fact, _________________maps f the city becme utdated almst as sn as they_________________(publish). (用适当的单词和所给词的适当形式填空)
4． The mther held the baby in her frnt paws much the way a human des. ________ it cried, she rcked it back and frth and gave it little cmfrting pats.
5． Over time, ________ the ppulatin grew, peple began cutting fd int small pieces s it wuld ck mre quickly.
6.Senir citizens are the first t cme t ur mind when yu think f hearing lss, but in a recent reprt, hearing prfessinals wrry teenagers will sn utnumber aging adults ______ it cmes t living with hearing lss.
7.They put n prtective suits and glves______they entered the building.
8．My mther is always warning me when I g ut, “Dn't get ff the bus ________ it is running．”
9．I had hardly rung the bell ________ the dr was pened suddenly, and my sn rushed ut t greet me．
10．I wn't lend yu my car ________ yu prmise yu will nt drive after drinking．
11．He had t sell his luxury car, ________ his cmpany was in debt．
12.It will be ften a lng time ______yur friend fully remves that memry，s dn't be disappinted if it desn't happen immediately.
13.He knew that chlera wuld nt be cntrlled ______its cause was fund.
14.Tday, he is s gd at wdcarving ______his hme city allws him t wrk his magic n ld tree stumps and s far abut 40 wrks f art have been created in the lcal parks.
15.The fear is that ______we dn’t start taking this litter ut f the sky sn, it will becme a significant threat t active satellites.
16.We must learn by using the language. ______we are satisfied with nly a few rules we have memrized, we are nt really learning the language.
Ⅲ、短文填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Fr ages, embridery（刺绣）1．（knw）as a wman’s jb. Hwever, like any gd fashin designer, Zhang Yan dares t be different. In the last three mnths, the 25-year-ld’s wrk has hit New Yrk and changed the impressin abut men and needlewrk. His shw in New Yrk was called Fusheng，2．means “a flating life”. It3．（feature）thin silk and Suzhu embridery. Zhang explained his methd and technique4．the reprter f CGTN. He used a firm, transparent silk t symblize the tw characteristics f5．（flexible）and steadiness. These refer t the tw perids f ur lives-when we are yung and when we grw up.
In the shw, abut 100 children came up t the catwalk with Chinese classical music. They wre clthes with traditinal Chinese patterns,6．gldfish and dragns, symblizing gd luck and strength.
Zhang’s path t success is nt easy. It’s a jurney full f sweat and tears.7．（inspire）by museum pieces, Zhang has spent abut fur years learning t embrider n qipa. Zhang wants t bring embridery t the wrld f high design,8．（give）full play t the classical beauty.9．handling the tiny needle with his big hands wasn’t easy at first, after three t five years f practice, Zhang said he had10．（great）imprved his wrk, in terms f bth appearance and detail. “I’m trying t be enthusiastic, stay interested and keep mving n and n.”
真题演练
【2022年】
1（2022新高考I卷）After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP is designed t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, __________ leaving behind precius natural assets(资产)fr future generatins”.
2（2022新高考II卷）He hung n fr a few minutes ___________ screamed fr his father, but his father didn't hear him.
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）We all need t get invlved in saving energy ________ it's at wrk, at hme, r at schl.
A．unlessB．nceC．whetherD．because
2．（2021·天津卷）What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has s many crazy ideas.
A．whetherB．whyC．whatD．when
3. （2021·全国乙卷短文改错）I lve ding husewrk. I always assist my parents in ding the dishes after meals. I als water the flwers in the yard and tidy up my wn bedrm whatever necessary.
4.（2021·浙江1月卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index (体重指数) acrss 200 cuntries, the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier 28． that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl 29． gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 30． (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI f between 19 and 25 31． (cnsider) healthy.
The study fund that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32． 2. 1 in wmen and men. In cities, hwever, the gain 33． (be) 1. 3 in wmen and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the gegraphy f BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries 34． (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed 35．(sharp).
This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple 36． (live) in the cuntryside, including 37． (lw) levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
【2020年】
1.（2020·江苏卷）They decide t have mre wrkers fr the prject ____ it wn’t be delayed.
A. even if B. as if C. nw that D. s that
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】The dctr shares his phne number with the patients __________ they need medical assistance.
A. if nlyB. as ifC. even thughD. in case
2.【2019·天津卷】Tm is s independent that he never asks his parents' pinin _________ he wants their supprt.
A. sinceB. nce
C. unlessD. after
3.【2019·新课标I卷】Suddenly ftball feel just in frnt f me but almst hit me.
4.【2019·新课标II卷】I dn't see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made_(make) ver the years. I wrk nt because I have t, ___67___ because I want t.”
5.【2019·新课标III卷】On ur way t the huse，it was raining ___61___ hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get (get)there. It was in the middle f Pearl City.
【2018年】
1.【2018·江苏】_______ yu can sleep well, yu will lse the ability t fcus, plan and stay mtivated after ne r tw nights.
A. Once B. UnlessC. If D. When
2.【2018·天津】 Let's nt pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enugh t be eaten.
A. ever since B. as ifC. even thugh D. s that
3.【2018·北京】_________ we dn’t stp climate change, many animals and plants in the wrld will be gne.
A. Althugh B. While C. If D. Until
【2017年】
1.【2017·北京】If yu dn’t understand smething, yu may research, study, and talk t ther peple _______ yu figure it ut.
A. because B. thugh C. until D. since
2.【2017·北京】______ birds use their feathers fr flight, sme f their feathers are fr ther purpses.
A. Once B. If C. Althugh D. Because
3.【2017·北京】—Peter, please send us pstcards ______ we’ll knw where yu have visited.
—N prblem.
A. but B. r C. fr D. s
4.【2017· 江苏】Lcated _______ the Belt meets the Rad, Jiangsu will cntribute mre t the Belt and Rad cnstructin.
【2016年】
1.【2016·北京】My grandfather still plays tennis nw and then, ________ he’s in his nineties.
A. as lng as B. as if C. even thugh D. in case
2.【2016·北京】I am nt afraid f tmrrw, ________ I have seen yesterday and I lve tday.
A. s B. andC. fr D. but
3.【2016·江苏】______sme peple are mtivated by a need fr success, thers are mtivated by a fear f failure.
A.BecauseB.IfC.UnlessD.While
4.【2016·天津】 ______ the average age f the ppulatin increases, there are mre and mre ld peple t care fr.
A. Unless B. UntilC. As D. While
5.【2016·浙江】_______nline shpping has changed ur life , nt all f its effects have been psitive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
6.【2016·北京】I really enjy listening t music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away frm ther cares f the day.
A. because B. befreC. unless D. until
学习评价：
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用 法
示 例
意为“和，并且”，当连接三个或三个以上并列的成分时，一般在最后两者之间加and，其余用逗号分开
Slid, liquid and gas are the three states f matter.固态、液态和气态是物质的三种状态。
“g (cme, stp等)＋and＋动词原形”中，“and＋动词原形”相当于“in rder t＋动词原形”
I'll g and bring back yur bts.＝I'll g in rder t bring back yur bts.我去把你的靴子拿回来。
“动词＋and＋动词”，前后为同一动词，表示动作长时间地“继续”或“重复”
We waited and waited.我们等啊等。
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”相当于“if从句＋主句”
Wrk hard and yu will succeed.＝If yu wrk hard, yu will succeed.努力工作，你就会成功。
用 法
示 例
表示选择，意为“或，还是”
Wuld yu prefer tea r cffee？你喜欢茶还是咖啡？
“祈使句＋r(else)＋陈述句”相当于“if…nt＋主句”
Dress warmly, r (else) yu'll catch a cld.穿暖和点儿，否则你会感冒的。
常考的并列连词
表示转折、对比关系
but, yet （然而）, while （然而，强调对比或转折）
I was never very neat, while my rmmate Kate was extremely rganized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，然而我的室友凯特却极有条理。
I was driving dwn t Lndn when I suddenly fund that I was n the wrng rad.我正在开车去伦敦，这时我突然发现自己走错了路。
表示并列关系
and, , nt nly... but （als）..., 等
表示选择关系
r, , nt but
表示因果关系
s, fr（一般不放在句首）
特殊并列连词及并列句
when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：
①be abut t d sth. when...某人正要做某事，这时突然……
②be n the pint f ding sth. when...某人正要做某事，这时突然……
③be ding sth. when...某人正在做某事，这时突然……
④sb. had just dne sth. when...某人刚做完某事，这时突然……
“祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语
when
when引导的从句的谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。
I lved histry when I was at schl.
我上学时喜欢历史。
while
while引导的从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。
Whilesme peple are mtivated by a need fr success, thers are mtivated by a fear f failure.当一些人被成功的需要驱动的时候,另一些人却被失败的恐惧驱动着。
as
as可表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行,可译为“一边……,一边……;随着……”。
Asthe average age f the ppulatin increases, there are mre and mre ld peple t care fr.随着人口平均年龄的增长,有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
条件状语从句
if, unless（如果不,除非）, s/as lng as（只要）, n cnditin that（条件是）, in case（万一）, suppsing（假如）, prvided/prviding（如果）
Yu wn’t get paid fr time ff unless yu have a dctr’s nte.除非你有医生的证明，否则你不上班便拿不到工资。
He had his camera ready in case he saw smething that wuld make a gd picture.他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些能够拍成好照片的东西。
As/Since yu were ut, I left a message.你不在，所以我留了一张字条。
I fund all the missing things where I had left them.我在丢东西的地方找到了所有丢失的东西。
原因状语从句
because, as, since, nw that, cnsidering that （考虑到,鉴于）
目的状语从句
s that, in rder that, in case （以防）
结果状语从句
s that, ,
地点状语从句
where, wherever
方式状语从句
as（按照）, as if/as thugh（好像）
比较状语从句
than, nt
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