2022-2023学年河北省石家庄市高三上学期期末英语试题及答案

这是一份2022-2023学年河北省石家庄市高三上学期期末英语试题及答案，共27页。试卷主要包含了 15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目 的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回 答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的 时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回 答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What is the man mst satisfied with abut the new jb?
A. The lcatin. B. The pay. C. The vacatin time.
2. What is the man ding?
A. Asking fr infrmatin. B. Giving directins. C. Waiting fr a bus.
3 Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a shpping mall. B. In a supermarket. C. In the street.
4 What des the wman decide t d?
A. G climbing. B. Buy camping equipment. C. Stay at hme.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. What t eat tday.
B. Where t find the menu.
C. Hw t pst a ntice nline.
第二节供15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所 给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将 有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作 答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What des the wman want t d?
A. Reserve a vehicle.
B. Cllect a vehicle.
C. Purchase a vehicle.
7. What des the man ffer t d?
A. Bring an agreement.
B. Send a cnfirmatin number.
C. Search the database.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What des the man think f the vide?
A. Amazing. B. Traditinal. C. Bring.
9. What makes the dancing special accrding t the wman?
A. The music. B. The cstumes. C. The rutines.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. Where d the speakers wrk?
A. In a real estate firm.
B. In a cnstructin cmpany.
C. In the lcal cuncil.
11. What is under cnstructin at the waterfrnt?
A. A new cinema. B. A sprts cmplex. C. A swimming pl.
12. What will the man d next?
A. Meet a huse wner.
B. View an apartment.
C. Update the nline lists.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What’s the main purpse f Eric and his father taking the cycle trip?
A. T raise mney fr charities.
B. T spend time tgether.
C. T break their usual rutine.
14. What made a day happier during the trip?
A. Riding fr a lng distance.
B. Chatting with the lcal peple.
C. Enjying the sunshine n the face.
15. What is Eric nw?
A. He’s a student. B. He’s a hst. C. He’s a cach.
16. What des Eric want t d?
A. Take anther lng ride.
B. G cycling n weekends.
C. Participate in cmpetitins.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. What will the railway cmpany d with the car park?
A. Change it fr a multi-stry ne.
B. Enlarge the parking area.
C. Cnnect it t the high street.
18. What des the speaker say abut the library?
A. It will mve t a different site.
B. It will clse fr abut six weeks.
C. It will extend the pening hurs.
19. What change will be made t the nature reserve?
A. The cuncil will ffer the fnd t it.
B. There will be a charge fr access t it.
C. A natinal rganizatin will manage it.
20. What’s the speaker ding?
A. Annuncing sme plans. B. Giving a lecture. C. Intrducing a twn.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选 项。
A
Summer High Schl Prgrams f Bstn University
High Schl Hnrs
Ready t push yur limits academically? Excited t get ut f yur cmfrt zne, explre new subjects, and earn cllege credits? If this sunds like yu and yu are entering yur junir r senir year, High Schl Hnrs ffers a Bstn University pre-cllege experience that will challenge yu and enrich yur knwledge.
Prgram begins: July 5
Prgram ends: August 5
Academic Immersin (AIM)
If yu want t fcus n a specific subject fr abut three weeks, AIM is fr yu. It cmbines classrm wrk and theretical studies with practical applicatins and activities based n experiences including field trips and grup prjects. In additin t experiencing cllege life, yu’ll gain invaluable insight int ptential career paths. This prgram is pen t high schl junirs and senirs.
Prgram begins: July 2
Prgram ends: July 21
Summer Challenge
It’s called Summer Challenge because it pushes yu in s many ways. Yu will explre yur interests, discver new nes, test yur academic bundaries, and experience the cllege life. Alng the way, yu will make new friends and get t knw mre abut Bstn University. If yu’re a high schl senir, yu’re in fr a few unfrgettable weeks.
Prgram begins: July 3
Prgram ends: August 14
RISE Practicum
If yu’re crazy abut science and are a student currently in yur junir year f high schl, we invite yu t apply fr the Research in Science & Engineering (RISE) prgram. Yu will research with sme f the natin’s brightest scientific minds while advancing yur STEM (science, technlgy, engineering and mathematics) knwledge and skills.
Prgram begins: July 6
Prgram ends: August 11
1. What d High Schl Hnrs and Academic Immersin have in cmmn?
A. They enable students t earn cllege credits.
B. They invlve students in the utdr activities.
C. They prvide advice n students' ptential career.
D. They are intended fr high schl junirs and senirs.
2. Which prgram lasts the lngest?
A. High Schl Hnrs.B. Academic Immersin.
C. Summer Challenge.D. RISE Practicum.
3. What can yu d in RISE Practicum?
A. Advance scial skills.B. Research with great scientists.
C. Explre new interests.D. Test engineering knwledge.
【答案】1 D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个波士顿大学暑期高中课程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题High Schl Hnrs下的段落中“If this sunds like yu and yu are entering yur junir r senir year, High Schl Hnrs ffers a Bstn University pre-cllege experience that will challenge yu and enrich yur knwledge.(如果这听起来像是你正在进入高三或高四，高中荣誉课程将为你提供波士顿大学大学预科课程，这将挑战你并丰富你的知识)”以及小标题Academic Immersin (AIM)下的段落中“This prgram is pen t high schl junirs and senirs.(这个项目面向高中三年级和四年级学生)”可知High Schl Hnrs和Academic Immersin的共同之处是，它们面向高中三年级和四年级学生。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题High Schl Hnrs下的“Prgram begins: July 5，Prgram ends: August 5(项目开始时间:7月5日，项目结束时间:8月5日)”可知，持续31天，根据小标题Academic Immersin (AIM)下的“Prgram begins: July 2，Prgram ends: July 21(项目开始时间:7月2日，项目结束时间:7月21日)”可知，持续20天，根据小标题Summer Challenge下的“Prgram begins: July 3，Prgram ends: August 14(项目开始时间:7月3日，项目结束时间:8月14日)”可知，持续42天，根据小标题RISE Practicum下的“Prgram begins: July 6，Prgram ends: August 11(项目开始时间:7月6日，项目结束时间:8月11日)”可知，持续36天，所以四个项目中持续时间最长是的Summer Challenge。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题RISE Practicum下的段落中“Yu will research with sme f the natin’s brightest scientific minds while advancing yur STEM (science, technlgy, engineering and mathematics) knwledge and skills.(你将与美国最聪明的科学家一起研究，同时提高你的STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)知识和技能)”可知，在RISE实习课程中你将和伟大的科学家一起研究。故选B项。
B
When I was six, I embarrassed a by in class by telling the teacher he’d wet himself. He sat far behind me but I smelled it, intensely. He was s upset that my grandmther was called int schl. When we gt hme, she warned, “Never use yur sense f smell fr that again.” She explained that I, like her, had hereditary hypersmia, meaning I’m a super-smeller.
My husband Les and I bth pursued medical careers. One day, I was struck by the smell f a patient. I later learned that she had diabetes (糖尿病) and what I smelled was raised ketnes, a chemical prduced by the liver (肝). I knew dctrs wuldn’t accept my diagnses (诊断), s I stayed quiet.
In 1982, befre Les’s 32nd birthday, I smelt smething strange n him. I thught it might be the air f the place he wrked in. Twelve years later, in 1994, he was diagnsed with Parkinsn’s disease. It wasn’t until the last mnths f his life, mre than 20 years later, that we discvered I culd detect the disease in thers, t.
We felt a respnsibility t d smething. We attended a lecture by Prf. Kunath, a neurbilgist. I asked, “Why is the smell f Parkinsn’s nt being used fr early diagnsis?, , He didn’t answer and we left, disappinted. But fur mnths later, he called ur hme. He had fund me after relaying my questin t a clleague, wh tld him, “Yu must find her.” We began t wrk as a team t prve my thery.
When Les died in 2015, he made me prmise I’d carry n the research. I spent time in labs, smelling sufferers skin il n swabs (棉签). I culd detect whether the persn had Parkinsn’s with 95% accuracy. This year, ur research team published a breakthrugh: a three-minute test that can detect the disease by running a swab alng smene’s neck.
I’ve becme knwn and delivered many lectures. I’m wrking n detecting cancers and tuberculsis. I never imagined, at 72, this wuld be my lift’s wrk. I cnstantly think abut hw I lst my Les, but als hw I finally fulfilled my prmise.
4. What did the authr d when she smelt smething strange n her husband?
A. She tk the smell lightly.B. She drve him t hspital.
C. She warned him f a disease.D. She made him shwer mre.
5. Why did Prf. Kunath call the authr?
A. T make an aplgy t her.
B. T invite her fr a specific research.
C. T discuss her husband’s disease.
D. T prmte her t a higher psitin.
6. Hw was a patient’s Parkinsn’s detected accrding t Paragraph 5?
A. By having a brief talk with the dctr.
B. By taking a bld examinatin.
C. By cnducting a shrt and easy skin test.
D. By rubbing a swab in the nse.
7. What des the authr think f her present wrk?
A. Painful.B. Tiring.C. Easy.D. Rewarding.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者患有遗传性嗅觉过敏症，她发现自己能闻到有病的人身上特殊的气味，和同伴就这个问题展开研究，最后发明了一种快速的疾病检测方法。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“In 1982, befre Les’s 32nd birthday, I smelt smething strange n him. I thught it might be the air f’ the place he wrked in.(1982年，在莱斯32岁生日之前，我在他身上闻到了一种奇怪的味道。我想可能是因为他工作的地方的空气)”可推知，作者以为丈夫身上奇怪的味道可能是因为他工作的地方的空气，所以她对那股气味毫不在意。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段段中“But fur mnths later, he called ur hme. He had fund me after relaying my questin t a clleague, wh tld him, “Yu must find her.” We began t wrk as a team t prve my thery.(但四个月后，他给我们家打了电话。他是在把我的问题转告给一位同事后找到我的，那位同事告诉他：“你必须找到她。”我们开始作为一个团队来证明我的理论)”可推知，Kunath教授给作者打电话是为了邀请她做一个具体的研究。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“This year, ur research team published a breakthrugh: a three-minute test that can detect the disease by running a swab alng smene’s neck.(今年，我们的研究团队发表了一项突破：一种三分钟的测试，可以通过在某人的脖子上擦拭棉签来检测疾病)”可知，他们发明了一种方法，通过一个简单的皮肤测试检测出患者的帕金森症。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I’ve becme knwn and delivered many lectures. I’m wrking n detecting cancers and tuberculsis. I never imagined, at 72, this wuld be my lift’s wrk. I cnstantly think abut hw I lst my Les, but als hw I finally fulfilled my prmise.(我已为人所知，并发表了许多演讲。我正在研究癌症和肺结核。我从未想过，在72岁时，这会是我的工作。我一直在想我是如何失去我的莱斯的，但我也最终实现了我的承诺)”可推知，作者完全没想到这会是自己的工作，所以她认为现在的工作是一种奖励。故选D项。
C
The widespread sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle has becme a prblem in America, fueling the rising besity (肥胖) rate.
Nw a new study finds that being surrunded by active friends can help a persn living a sedentary lifestyle get mre exercise each day. Researchers at the US Military Academy fund that peple in scial grups where exercise is valued are mre likely t be mre active themselves. Lnely peple are mre likely t live sedentary lifestyles withut anther persn arund t give them a bst. The findings highlight the idea that the cmpany a persn keeps can be a bst t their verall health and directin in life.
Dr. Diana Thmas, a prfessr at a military schl and study authr said that the idea fr the research came frm real life experiences n the campus. Her team had nticed a trend f peple becming mre interested in fitness and ther activities nce arriving at the schl. This is nt usually the case at ther schls and wrkplaces, where there is n significant impact n fitness. Thmas believed that this trend culd be the result f in-grup scial cnditining, where peple will take part in activities that thers arund them are ding.
Peple whse data were gathered fr the study were split int three grups based n their physical activity level 一 sedentary, mderately and extremely active. Mderately active flks were the mst imprtant fr drawing peple wh are sedentary t becme active, and t sustain that activity. Thmas explained that sedentary peple wuld be unlikely t change their behavir when placed in a grup f the extremely active, as it wuld seem unattainable.
8. Why des the authr mentin the rising besity rate in the first paragraph?
A. T make cmparisns.B. T intrduce the tpic.
C. T supprt the argument.D. T prvide examples.
9. What helps a sedentary persn becme active?
A. Vlunteering in scial grups.
B. Wrking in a caring cmpany.
C. Jining sprts-lving friends.
D. Giving a lnely neighbr a bst.
10. What might have caused the trend at the military schl?
A. Requirements frm the schl.
B. Peple’s natural additin t sprts.
C. Scial interactin within a grup.
D. Cmpetitin against ther schls.
11. Why are extremely active peple less influential accrding t Dr. Thmas?
A. They have n appeal fr sedentary peple.
B. They are unwilling t invlve sedentary peple.
C. They themselves ften fail t sustain exercising.
D. They seem like an example beynd sedentary peple.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，身边有活跃的朋友可以帮助久坐不动的人每天得到更多的锻炼。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The widespread sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle has becme a prblem in America, fueling the rising besity (肥胖) rate.(在美国，普遍的久坐生活方式已经成为一个问题，加剧了肥胖率的上升)”以及第二段首句“Nw a new study finds that being surrunded by active friends can help a persn living a sedentary lifestyle get mre exercise each day. (现在一项新的研究发现，身边有活跃的朋友可以帮助久坐不动的人每天得到更多的锻炼)”可推知，作者在第一段提到了不断上升的肥胖率，是为了介绍主题，如何降低肥胖率。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers at the US Military Academy fund that peple in scial grups where exercise is valued are mre likely t be mre active themselves. Lnely peple are mre likely t live sedentary lifestyles withut anther persn arund t give them a bst. The findings highlight the idea that the cmpany a persn keeps can be a bst t their verall health and directin in life.(美国军事学院的研究人员发现，在重视锻炼的社会群体中，人们自己也更有可能活跃起来。孤独的人更有可能过着久坐不动的生活方式，身边没有人给他们鼓励。研究结果强调了一个观点，即一个人的同伴可以促进他们的整体健康和生活方向)”可知，热爱运动的朋友可以帮助久坐的人变得活跃起来。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thmas believed that this trend culd be the result f in-grup scial cnditining, where peple will take part in activities that thers arund them are ding.(托马斯认为，这种趋势可能是群体内社会条件作用的结果，在群体内，人们会参与周围其他人正在做的活动)”可知，群体内的社会互动导致了军校的这种趋势。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thmas explained that sedentary peple wuld be unlikely t change their behavir when placed in a grup f the extremely active, as it wuld seem unattainable.(托马斯解释说，久坐不动的人在一组极度活跃的人群中不太可能改变他们的行为，因为这似乎是不可能实现的)”可推知，常活跃的人似乎是久坐不动的人之外的榜样。故选D项。
D
Whales, particularly baleen and sperm whales, are amng the largest creatures n Earth. Their presence in the cean shapes the ecsystems arund them. These creatures are als helping t determine the temperature f the planet.
When whales die, they sink t the cean flr and all the carbn that is stred in their extremely large bdies is transferred frm surface waters t the deep sea, where it remains fr centuries r mre. Scientists fund that befre industrial whaling, ppulatins f whales wuld have sunk between 190, 000 t 1. 9 millin tnnes f carbn per year t the bttm f the cean, which equals taking between 40, 000 and 410, 000 cars ff the rad each year. But when they are killed and their bdies are prevented frm sinking t the seabed, that carbn is released int the atmsphere.
But whales are nt nly valuable in death. The tides f excrement(排泄物) that whales prduce are als surprisingly relevant t the climate. Their irn-rich excrement creates the perfect grwing cnditins fr phytplanktn(浮游植物). These creatures may be micrscpic, but, taken tgether, they have a great influence n the planet’s atmsphere, absrbing abut 40% f all CO2 prduced, fur times the amunt absrbed by the Amazn rainfrest.
“Whaling has remved a huge rganic carbn pump frm the cean that wuld have been having a much larger multiplying effect n phytplanktn prductivity and the cean’s ability t absrb carbn, ” says Vicki James, plicy manager at Whale and Dlphin Cnservatin.
What this means is that restring whale ppulatins t their pre-whaling numbers culd be an imprtant tl in fighting climate change, and helping t slightly reduce the large amunt f CO2 frm fssil fuels every year.
12. What happens t the carbn stred in whales after they are hunted?
A. It remains in their bdies.B. It enters the atmsphere.
C. It sinks t the deep sea.D. It transfers t surface waters.
13. What des the underlined wrd “micrscpic” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Tiny.B. Destructive.C. Extinct.D. Rare.
14. What can we infer frm the text?
A. Whales are mre valuable after they die.
B. Excrement f whales accelerates glbal warming.
C. 40% f CO2 is absrbed by the Amazn rainfrest.
D. Whaling has a negative influence n climate change.
15. Which is the best title f the text?
A. What We can D t Save Whales
B. Hw Whales Help Cl the Earth
C. What is Climate Change Ding t Whales
D. Why Whale Ppulatins are Declining Sharply
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了捕鲸对气候的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But when they are killed and their bdies are prevented frm sinking t the seabed, that carbn is released int the atmsphere.(但是当它们被杀死时，它们的尸体被阻止沉入海底，碳就会被释放到大气中)”可知，鲸鱼被猎杀后，储存在鲸鱼体内的碳会被释放到大气中。故选B项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“Their irn-rich excrement creates the perfect grwing cnditins fr phytplanktn.(它们富含铁的排泄物为浮游植物创造了完美的生长条件)”可知，划线词所在句中的主语These creatures指的是浮游植物，再根据后文“but, taken tgether, they have a great influence n the planet’s atmsphere(但加在一起，它们对地球的大气有很大的影响)”结合常识可推知，此处表达“浮游植物虽然很小，但是加在一起，它们对地球的大气有很大的影响”之意，所以可推知micrscpic意为“微小的”之意，和A项“Tiny”意思相近。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Their irn-rich excrement creates the perfect grwing cnditins fr phytplanktn. These creatures may be micrscpic, but, taken tgether, they have a great influence n the planet’s atmsphere, absrbing abut 40% f all CO2 prduced, fur times the amunt absrbed by the Amazn rainfrest.(它们富含铁的排泄物为浮游植物创造了完美的生长条件。这些生物可能是微观的，但加在一起，它们对地球的大气有很大的影响，吸收了所有产生的二氧化碳的40%，是亚马逊雨林吸收量的四倍)”倒数第二段中““Whaling has remved a huge rganic carbn pump frm the cean that wuld have been having a much larger multiplying effect n phytplanktn prductivity and the cean’s ability t absrb carbn, ” says Vicki James, plicy manager at Whale and Dlphin Cnservatin.(鲸鱼和海豚保护组织的政策经理Vicki James说:“捕鲸已经从海洋中移除了一个巨大的有机碳泵，这将对浮游植物的生产力和海洋吸收碳的能力产生更大的影响。”)”可推知，捕鲸会降低浮游植物的数量，从而降低碳的吸收量，对气候有很大影响，所以捕鲸对气候变化有负面影响。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whales, particularly baleen and sperm whales, are amng the largest creatures n Earth. Their presence in the cean shapes the ecsystems arund them. These creatures are als helping t determine the temperature f the planet.(鲸鱼，尤其是须鲸和抹香鲸，是地球上最大的生物之一。它们在海洋中的存在塑造了它们周围的生态系统。这些生物也有助于确定地球的温度)”以及最后一段“What this means is that restring whale ppulatins t their pre-whaling numbers culd be an imprtant tl in fighting climate change, and helping t slightly reduce the large amunt f CO2 frm fssil fuels every year.(这意味着，将鲸鱼数量恢复到捕鲸前的数量可能是应对气候变化的重要工具，并有助于略微减少每年化石燃料产生的大量二氧化碳)”可知，本文主要讲述了鲸鱼对气候的影响，主要是能减少大量二氧化碳，减少温室效应，所以B项“Hw Whales Help Cl the Earth(鲸鱼如何帮助地球降温)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选 项中有两项为多余选项。
Fd waste has becme a severe prblem acrss the wrld due t a lack f understanding f hw t effectively use fd and cnserve it. Rughly ne- third f the fd prduced glbally is either lst r wasted every year. ___16___
Stp Fd Waste Day is an internatinal day f actin in the fight against fd waste. It began back in 2017 by Cmpass Grup, ne f the wrld’s largest fd-service cmpanies serving restaurants, cafes, hspitals, schls, and mre. ___17___ On this day, Cmpass cuntry teams will wrk tgether t raise awareness f the critical fd waste prblem and inspire change.
Stp Fd Waste Day aims t educate peple abut their fd waste.___18___ Stp Fd Waste Day hpes t change the way leftvers are used, s peple can take the mst significant advantage f what fd they use.
The Cmpass Grup fcuses the effrts f its missin by teaching their chefs hw t track and reduce waste as much as pssible. They als seek t dnate mre than 250, 000 punds f fd each year t lcal fd banks.
___19___ Shw yur supprt by lking up simple recipes t best use leftvers and fresh prduce. Befre fd shpping, plan ahead by making a list and nly buying what yu knw yu’ll use. ___20___
Get int the habit f freezing leftvers, instead f thrwing them in the rubbish. Besides, help teach peple abut the benefits f saving fd waste.
A. It brings 30 cuntries tgether.
B. Nw it’s yur turn t take actin.
C. Fd waste, hwever, can be stpped.
D. Help schedule cking demnstratins and share recipes.
E. Mre imprtantly, it ffers creative and impactful slutins.
F. Cmpass Grup prmised t reduce fd waste by 30% by 2025.
G. Als avid wasting fd by seeing what needs t be used up befre yu g shpping.
【答案】16 C 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了食物浪费已经成为一个严重的问题，介绍了“停止食物浪费日”是一个打击食物浪费的国际行动日。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Fd waste has becme a severe prblem acrss the wrld due t a lack f understanding f hw t effectively use fd and cnserve it. Rughly ne- third f the fd prduced glbally is either lst r wasted every year.(由于缺乏对如何有效利用和保存食物的了解，食物浪费已经成为一个严重的问题。每年全球生产的粮食大约有三分之一不是丢失就是浪费)”结合后文提到了停止食物浪费日，可知，本句与上文构成转折，故C选项“然而，食物浪费是可以停止的”符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Stp Fd Waste Day is an internatinal day f actin in the fight against fd waste. It began back in 2017 by Cmpass Grup, ne f the wrld’s largest fd-service cmpanies serving restaurants, cafes, hspitals, schls, and mre.(“停止食物浪费日”是一个打击食物浪费的国际行动日。它始于2017年，由Cmpass集团创办，Cmpass集团是世界上最大的食品服务公司之一，为餐厅、咖啡馆、医院、学校等提供服务)”以及后文“On this day, Cmpass cuntry teams will wrk tgether t raise awareness f the critical fd waste prblem and inspire change.(在这一天，Cmpass国家团队将共同努力，提高人们对严重粮食浪费问题的认识，并鼓励变革)”可知，上文提到了Cmpass集团，故本句承接上文继续介绍Cmpass集团将这些国家聚集在一起，下文就是其具体行动，故A选项“It brings 30 cuntries tgether.(它将30个国家聚集在一起。)”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Stp Fd Waste Day aims t educate peple abut their fd waste.(“停止食物浪费日”旨在教育人们减少食物浪费)”以及后文“Stp Fd Waste Day hpes t change the way leftvers are used, s peple can take the mst significant advantage f what fd they use.(“停止食物浪费日”希望改变剩饭剩菜的使用方式，这样人们就能最大限度地利用他们所使用的食物)”可知，后文提到了“停止食物浪费日”希望改变剩饭剩菜的使用方式，即为减少食物浪费提供了解决方案，故E选项“更重要的是，它提供了创造性和有影响力的解决方案”符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Shw yur supprt by lking up simple recipes t best use leftvers and fresh prduce. Befre fd shpping, plan ahead by making a list and nly buying what yu knw yu’ll use.(通过查找简单的食谱来表达你的支持，最好地利用剩菜和新鲜农产品。在购买食物之前，提前计划好，列一张清单，只买你知道你会用的东西)”可知，后文提到了食谱对减少食物浪费的作用,所以空处号召人们采取行动停止浪费。故B选项“Nw it’s yur turn t take actin.(现在轮到你采取行动了。)”符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Shw yur supprt by lking up simple recipes t best use leftvers and fresh prduce. Befre fd shpping, plan ahead by making a list and nly buying what yu knw yu’ll use.(通过查找简单的食谱来表达你的支持，最好地利用剩菜和新鲜农产品。在购买食物之前，提前计划好，列一张清单，只买你知道你会用的东西)”可知，上文提到了在购买食物之前，提前计划好，列一张清单，只买你知道你会用的东西，即在购物之前就选好食物，避免浪费。故G选项“在你去购物之前，也要看看哪些食物需要消耗掉，以避免浪费食物”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分英语语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入 . 空白处的最佳选项。
Last year in Octber, my family and I tk ur first camping trip. My whle family ___21___ , which was the mst imprtant part f the trip fr me. My siblings (兄弟姐妹)are adults with different ___22___ , which makes it difficult fr us t___23___ an activity like this.
We had set up the tent when it suddenly started raining.___24___ , we had psitined the tent n a high flat surface where ___25___ culd nt cme int ur tent. Even with the rain, I had never been happier.
While we were all ___26___the sund f the rain, my mm cked a warm meal fr the family. Over the dinner, my father tld us ___27___ stries abut his childhd, which made us burst int laughter. At night, it was a bit cld. My sisters and I grabbed a ___28___and chatted abut ur daily life. Sn, a ht meal and a gd ___29___ warmed us up.
I realized hw ___30___ it was camping under the sund f the rain. I came t understand why my parents were s ___31___ abut camping.
The next day, we ___32___ ur belngings and headed hme. I’m very ___33___ fr this camping trip. Nt nly did I experience the beauty f the frest, but I als learned that even if the ___34___ is nt the best fr camping, we can adapt t Mther Nature as a family t make unfrgettable ___35___ .
21. A. cheered upB. ran awayC. gt tgetherD. settled dwn
22. A. livesB. principlesC. abilitiesD. prblems
23. A. reprtB. spnsrC. planD. cancel
24. A. StrangelyB. ObviuslyC. SimilarlyD. Luckily
25. A. windB. waterC. animalsD. hikers
26. A. expectingB. describingC. enjyingD. imagining
27. A. tuchingB. awfulC. shckingD. funny
28 A. blanketB. phneC. basketD. tent
29. A. negtiatinB. gameC. cnversatinD. sleep
30. A. tughB. uniqueC. expensiveD. ppular
31. A. particularB. disappintedC. cncernedD. enthusiastic
32. A. packed upB. picked utC. left behindD. set aside
33. A. eagerB. gratefulC. srryD. suitable
34. A. budgetB. seasnC. equipmentD. weather
35. A. summariesB. memriesC. lessnsD. cntributins
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和全家一起度过了一次难忘的露营之旅。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：全家人聚在一起，这对我来说是这次旅行最重要的部分。A. cheered up振奋起来；B. ran away逃跑；C. gt tgether在一起；D. settled dwn安定下来。根据前文“Last year in Octber, my family and I tk ur first camping trip.”可知，是作者家人第一次去露营，所以是全家聚在一起。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的兄弟姐妹都是有各自生活的成年人，这让我们很难计划这样的活动。A. lives生活；B. principles原则；C. abilities能力；D. prblems问题。根据前文“My siblings are adults”可知，作者的兄弟姐妹都是成年人了，所以有各自的生活。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的兄弟姐妹都是有各自生活的成年人，这让我们很难计划这样的活动。A. reprt报告；B. spnsr赞助；C. plan计划；D. cancel取消。根据前文“My siblings (兄弟姐妹)are adults with different 2 ”可知，作者的兄弟姐妹都是有各自生活的成年人，所以让他们很难计划这样的活动。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们把帐篷安置在一个很高的平面上，这样水就不会进入我们的帐篷。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Obviusly明显地；C. Similarly相似地；D. Luckily幸运的是。根据前文“We had set up the tent when it suddenly started raining.”以及后文“we had psitined the tent n a high flat surface”可知，下雨了，幸运的是，作者一家把帐篷安置在一个很高的平面上。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们把帐篷安置在一个很高的平面上，这样水就不会进入我们的帐篷。A. wind风；B. water水；C. animals动物；D. hikers徒步旅行者。根据前文“We had set up the tent when it suddenly started raining.”可知，开始下雨了，所以是水不会进入我们的帐篷。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们都在享受雨声时，妈妈为家人做了一顿温暖的饭菜。A. expecting预期；B. describing描述；C. enjying享受；D. imagining想象。根据后文“the sund f the rain”结合前文常识可知，作者一家去露营，所以此处表达“享受雨声”之意。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：吃饭的时候，爸爸给我们讲了他童年的趣事，逗得我们哄堂大笑。A. tuching感人的；B. awful很坏的；C. shcking令人震惊的；D. funny有趣的。根据后文“which made us burst int laughter.”可知，使作者他们哄堂大笑，所以是有趣的故事。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和姐姐们拿了一条毯子，聊起了我们的日常生活。A. blanket毯子；B. phne电话；C. basket篮子；D. tent帐篷。根据前文“At night, it was a bit cld.”可知，有点冷，所以是拿了毯子保暖。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，一顿热腾腾的饭菜和一段愉快的谈话使我们暖和起来。A. negtiatin谈判；B. game游戏；C. cnversatin谈话；D. sleep睡眠。根据前文“my mm cked a warm meal fr the family.”以及“My sisters and I grabbed a 8 and chatted abut ur daily life.”可知，此处指一顿热腾腾的饭菜和一段愉快的谈话。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到在雨声中露营是多么独特。A. tugh艰苦的；B. unique独特的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. ppular流行的。根据上段内容可知，作者一家因为下雨，待在帐篷里享受着雨声，妈妈为大家准备了热饭，爸爸讲述了童年趣事，兄弟姐妹间聊着日常生活，结合选项，这些事让作者意识到在雨声中露营是多么独特。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白为什么我的父母如此热衷于野营。A. particular特别的；B. disappinted失望的；C. cncerned担心的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据前文“I realized hw 10 it was camping under the sund f the rain.”可知，作者意识到雨声中露营是多么独特，所以明白了父母为什么如此热衷于野营。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第二天，我们收拾行李回家了。A. packed up收拾行李；B. picked ut分辨出；C. left behind遗留；D. set aside留作……之用。根据后文“headed hme”可知，此处是“收拾行李回家了”之意。故先A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激这次露营之旅。A. eager渴望的；B. grateful感激的；C. srry抱歉的；D. suitable合适的。根据后文“Nt nly did I experience the beauty f the frest, but I als learned that even if the 14 is nt the best fr camping, we can adapt t Mther Nature as a family t make unfrgettable 15 .”可知，作者从这次露营中学到很多，所以是感激这次露营。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不仅体验到了森林的美丽，而且我还学会了即使天气不是最适合露营的，我们也可以适应大自然，作为一个家庭来创造难忘的回忆。A. budget预算；B. seasn季节；C. equipment装备；D. weather天气。根据前文内容可知，作者一家露营时赶上下雨，所以根据后文“is nt the best fr camping”可知，此处表达“即使天气不适合露营”之意。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不仅体验到了森林的美丽，而且我还学会了即使天气不是最适合露营的，我们也可以适应大自然，作为一个家庭来创造难忘的回忆。A. summaries总结；B. memries回忆；C. lessns课；D. cntributins贡献。根据全文内容，可知作者和家人度过了一次难忘的露营之旅，再根据空前的“unfrgettable”结合选项可知，此处表“难忘的回忆”之意。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The histry f hutngs can date back t the Yuan Dynasty (1271 — 1368), when the term “hutng”, ___36___ (initial) meaning “water wells”, first appeared in its capital, nw knwn as Beijing. The Yuan nbles and high-ranking army fficials ___37___ (award) lands as their estates in the city. They built huses and curtyards, nw called “Siheyuan”, which were arranged in ___38___ rderly way arund the wells.
In the Ming Dynasty (1368 —1644), the center f Beijing was the Frbidden City, with the Inner City and Outer City ___39___ (surrund) it. Upper class citizens were permitted t live clser ___40___ the center. Nbles lived t the east and west f the palace. The hutngs frmed by their huses were lined by spacius hmes and gardens. Farther frm the palace and t its nrth and suth ___41___ (be) the cmmners. Their Siheyuans were far smaller in size and simpler in___42___(decrate), and the hutngs were narrwer.
Nwadays, if yu visit Beijing, Nanluguxiang is a must-see. The 786-meter lng suth-nrth hutng is lined with bars, htels and stres. There are als 8 hutngs —___43___ (hide) n the east and west sides f the main lane f Nanluguxiang as well as frmer residences ___44___ celebrities nce lived.
Hutngs are the hme f the Beijing____45____ (lcal), wh have a deep affectin fr them.
【答案】36. initially
37. were awarded
38. an 39. surrunding
40. t 41. were
42. decratin
43. hidden 44. where
45. lcals
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京胡同的历史以及作用。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：胡同的历史可以追溯到元朝(1271 — 1368)，当时“胡同”一词最初意为“水井”，首次出现在首都北京。修饰动词mean应用副词initially，作状语。故填initially。
【37题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：元朝贵族和高级军官被授予土地作为他们在城里的产业。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were awarded。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们建造房屋和庭院，现在被称为“四合院”，它们围绕着水井有序地排列。短语in an rderly way表示“有序地”。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝(1368—1644)，北京的中心是紫禁城，内城和外城围绕着它。此处surrund与the Inner City and Outer City构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填surrunding。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：上层阶级的公民被允许住在离市中心更近的地方。短语clse t表示“靠近”。故填t。
【41题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：离宫殿更远的地方，在它的北面和南面是平民。此处为完全倒装，主语为the cmmners，结合上文were可知为一般过去时，谓语用复数。故填were。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们的四合院面积小得多，装饰简单，胡同也窄得多。作宾语，应用名词decratin。故填decratin。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：还有8条胡同，隐藏在南锣鼓巷主巷的东西两侧，以及名人曾经居住过的故居。分析句子结构可知hide与逻辑主语8 hutngs构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填hidden。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：还有8条胡同，隐藏在南锣鼓巷主巷的东西两侧，以及名人曾经居住过的故居。此处为定语从句修饰先行词residences，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：胡同是北京人的家，北京人对胡同有着深厚的感情。lcal为可数名词，后文谓语have为原形，可知用复数形式。故填lcals。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华, 你校英文戏剧社将于下个月举行英文戏剧展演。 请你用英语为该社写一则通知, 内容包括：
1.活动介绍;
2.鼓励报名;
3.截止日期。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ntice
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【答案】 Ntice
Are yu an English fan? D yu have a strng passin fr English dramas? Here's the best chance ever!In rder t enhance yur understanding f English drama and imprve yur English skills， the English Drama Club will prvide a stage fr students where yur talent can be recgnized and cnfidence be bsted. Scheduled t be held next mnth， ur English drama club welcmes yur registratin and the deadline is next Friday.Dn't hesitate t enrll yur names.Dn't miss it!
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生用英语写一则关于你校英文戏剧社将于下个月举行英文戏剧展演的通知。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
提高：enhance→prmte
热情：passin→enthusiasm
举行：hld→thrw
理解：understanding→cmprehensin
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Are yu an English fan? D yu have a strng passin fr English dramas?
拓展句：Are yu an English fan wh has a strng passin fr English dramas?
【点睛】[高分句型1]In rder t enhance yur understanding f English drama and imprve yur English skills， the English Drama Club will prvide a stage fr students where yur talent can be recgnized and cnfidence be bsted..(wherec引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]Scheduled t be held next mnth， ur English drama club welcmes yur registratin and the deadline is next Friday.Dn't hesitate t enrll yur names.(过去分词作状语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成 一篇完整的短文。
I yawned (打哈欠)as I gt ff the last step f the bus. I had wken early that mrning, and had nt been able t sleep n the lng ride frm Riverside High, thinking abut that day’s race, the Eye Opener. I had never raced in a state-wide race befre. Over thirty high schl teams ran, alng with quite a few clleges. The rest f my team and I unladed the bus, and we relaxed and waited fr ur race patiently.
“Start warming up,” ur cach tld us, rughly frty-five minutes after we arrived. After finishing ur stretches, we headed ver t the starting line, eager fr the race t begin.
The starter walked t the middle f the field. “There will be tw cmmands,” his vice bmed, ‘‘Runners set, then the gun. If yu hear anther sht, return t the starting line t start again. ” My heart raced as I gt my legs ready t race.
“Runners set!” the starter shuted Bam! The gun fired, and he rushed ut f ur way. Adrenaline (肾上腺素)rushed thrugh my bdy as I raced thrugh the mass f runners. As I runded the first turn, my schlmates greeted me with heartening shuts. Then, in what felt like nly ne minute, I arrived at the ne mile mark.
“6’10”, a man declared as I ran by. I tried t ignre him, but my legs began t bum as I realized I had run a mile and still had tw t g. I slwed dwn my pace, fr I knew the secnd mile was the wrst f all three. Minutes later, I felt hrrible. My legs ached, feeling like lead blcks. My visin was cluded as sweat drpped dwn int my eyes, and my arms felt as if they wuld fall ff if I swung them ne mre time. Just as I almst reached my limit, a by passed me. He als seemed t have lst strength but sn he was a little ahead f me.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I gathered up my strength t speed up but suddenly fell t the grund.
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In the last mile, seeing the athletes passing us ne by ne, I asked the by t run withut me.
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【答案】 I gathered up my strength t speed up but suddenly fell t the grund. My wrld was cluded by ttal darkness. Hw I wish the grund t crack and swallw me! I culd feel everybdy was staring at me, widening their muths and nt being able t utter a wrd. The sudden silence brught sharp pain in my knees and “failure” was the nly wrd flashing in my mind. Then the silence was brken by a deep vice, “Yu wn’t give up s easily, will yu? ” The by ahead f me turned back and pulled me up. “Let’s run t the finishing line tgether!” The secnd mile saw its end while we ran shulder t shulder.
In the last mile, seeing the athletes passing us ne by ne, I asked the by t rum withut me. “Yu can win a place if yu g by yurself.” I lked at him in the eyes with sweat blurring my sight. The by breathing heavily, drps f sweat rlled dwn his face. He shk his head saying,“Winning a place is nt that imprtant, isn’t it? ”. Then we smiled at each ther as if we had been the nly runners. The last mile seemed shrter and we were relieved when we passed the finishing line tgether with thunderus applause. I knew they cheered fr us nt fr winning a race but fr smething mre imprtant.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参加全州范围的跑步，在第二英里的时候，因为力尽而摔倒，跑他前面的男孩，鼓励作者，并帮助他一起跑完全程，最后作者明白，比赛中赢不是最重要的，坚持和友谊才是。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我鼓起力量加速，但突然倒在地上。”可知，第一段可描写作者摔倒了后的心情，以及男孩鼓励并帮助作者继续跑下去。
②由第二段首句内容“跑到最后一英里时，看到运动员们一个接一个地从我们身边经过，我让那个男孩自己跑。”可知，第二段可描写男孩子告诉作者，比赛中赢不是最重要的，并最终帮助作者一起跑过终点和作者的感悟。
2. 续写线索：作者摔倒——男孩帮助——劝男孩放弃自己——男孩拒绝——一起跑过终点——感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①凝视：stare at/gaze at
②(使)变宽：widen/extend/enlarge
③赢得一席之地：win a place/earn a slt
④知道：knw/realize/cmprehend
情绪类
①绝望：cluded by ttal darkness/hpeless/desperate
②如释重负：relieved./in relief
【点睛】[高分句型1]Then we smiled at each ther as if we had been the nly runners.(as if从句中使用虚拟语气)
[高分句型2]The last mile seemed shrter and we were relieved when we passed the finishing line tgether with thunderus applause.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)