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江苏省泰州中学2023-2024学年高二上学期第二次质量检测英语试卷(含答案)
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这是一份江苏省泰州中学2023-2024学年高二上学期第二次质量检测英语试卷(含答案)，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，首字母填空，书面表达，读后续写，单词拼写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
At the end f the nineteenth century, an Englishman living in Brazil sent his sn Charles Miller acrss the Atlantic t be educated in England. During his stay in England, Charles grew passinately keen n ftball and ften sharpened his skills in the playgrund. In 1894, he packed his bags and returned t his family in Brazil. In his bags, he tk a ftball as a suvenir.
Back in Brazil, Charles was willing t cnsider and accept ther peple’s pinins. When he talked t lcal peple abut their leisure activities, it suddenly hit him that he culd try t get them interested in ftball. At first he had little success; the nly peple wh shwed any interest were yung Englishmen wh walked n the street; thus the first game f ftball in Brazil was played between tw teams f yung Englishmen, n a field frm which the gats and cws had been remved.
Charles asked sme jurnalists t cme and see this new English game, but nne came alng. Hwever, as the weeks went past, the scene f twenty-tw yung peple running arund after a ball began attracting viewers frm schls nearby. Then, yung lcal men began kicking balls arund t.
“Balls” is perhaps the wrng wrd—the nly ftball in Brazil at the time was the ne that Charles Miller had brught back with him frm England. The Brazilian viewers had t create their wn ftballs, using cans r whatever they culd find t make them with. After a shrt perid f time, these lcal viewers culd defeat the freign players easily withut prper training. They were gifted in playing the game because they culd mve mre quickly and easily with the ball.
Then, the ftball game became a great attractin in Sa Paul. By 1901, there was already a league f clubs in Sa Paul.
1、Why did Charles Miller bring a ftball t Brazil?
A. T be a prfessinal player.
B. T rganize a ftball club.
C. T remember his days in the UK.
D. T get Brazilians interested in the game.
2、Which wrd can best describe Charles Miller?
A. Talented.B. Successful.C. Ppular.D. Open-minded.
3、Where did Charles Miller hld the first ftball game in Brazil?
A. In the playgrund.B. On a livestck farm.
C. On the street.D. At the stadium.
4、What d we knw abut the lcal players?
A. They bught ftballs frm Charles Miller.
B. They were trained by prfessinal players.
C. They were swifter in handling the ball.
D. They attracted many jurnalists when playing the ball.
Peple need t vte t decide wh will be their president. But humans aren’t the nly creatures n Earth wh vte. Other animals, frm hneybees t babns(狒狒), make grup decisins, They just d it differently, and fr different reasns. Instead f vting fr a president, animals vte n where t live r when t hunt. Meerkats (猫鼬), like humans, negtiate decisins. They are prudent, trying very hard t avid ding anything wrng. When searching fr fd, the animals get tgether fr prtectin frm hunters. But when a meerkat wants t accelerate the search, the animal will make a “mve call”. If three r mre meerkats make this call, the grup will mve faster.
African wild dgs als vte in grups. Scientists have fund that after scializing, the animals wuld decide whether t hunt. Hw d the dgs vte in supprt f hunting? They sneeze! Whether the dgs will actually g n a hunt is decided by the number f sneezes. The mre the dgs sneeze, the mre likely it is that they will lk fr a meal. Hwever, the alpha dg, the dminant dg f the pack, likes ther dgs t fllw its wn decisin even when thers dn’t vte, because it believes it can have better chances f getting big game. Hwever, after the hunt, ther dgs in the grup have t wait fr the alpha dg t finish its meal while they are starving t death. Smetimes, the alpha dg may leave nthing fr the rest f the dgs.
Humans make decisins t. If yu have a grup f peple, and ne persn says, “Let’s have pizza,” and n ne agrees, then nthing is ging t happen. But nce yur grandfather says “That’s an excellent idea”, the whle grup will prbably g ut fr pizzas. Humans tend t fllw the decisins made by the senirs because they want t shw respect fr them.
Just like humans, animals dn’t always agree with ne anther. But jining in grup decisins helps make sure f their survival. It is extremely interesting t see hw animals reach an agreement and stick tgether.
5、What des the underlined wrd “prudent” in Paragraph 1 means?
A. Hard-wrking.B. Friendly.C. Greedy.D. Cautius.
6、What d the meerkats vte n?
A. The chice f the leader.B. The selectin f fd.
C. The place fr living.D. The speed f hunting.
7、What d we knw abut the alpha dg?
A. It likes t hunt game alne.
B. It sneezes when it finds a meal.
C. It has the right t eat the meal first.
D. It likes t share fd with ther dgs.
8、Why des the authr mentin humans eating pizzas?
A. T draw a cmparisn.B. T place an emphasis.
C. T reach a cnclusin.D. T make a suggestin.
Academic demands are a key surce f stress fr cllege students. Unlike in high schl, students in cllege are expected t manage their wrklad withut much guidance frm teachers, and it’s easy t feel lst in a class with several hundred peers. Our research suggests that, n average, stress ges up as academic demands g up, peaking ahead f final exams and then falling again.
It can be cmfrting t knw that academic stress is a shared experience. It may als help t knw that temprary increases in stress can benefit students under sme circumstances. Our lnger-term research acrss fur years fund that students earned higher grades in semesters when they experienced but f(一阵) negative mds. A rise in negative mds ne semester may reflect that extra effrt was needed t meet academic challenges. The imprtant reminder here is that we nly bserved this effect fr students wh were typically happy verall, shwing the imprtance f maintaining gd emtinal balance.
Sme students can’t adapt themselves t the life withut supprt and care frm their families. Fr example, internatinal students wh live further away frm their families may feel hmesick strnger. Maintaining friendships and balancing scial demands with academics is anther key surce f stress fr cllege students. In cllege, the relatinship between students and teachers can be ttally different frm in high schls. It is hard fr sme students t be invlved in cllege class.
What distinguished the students wh reprted less stressed and mre satisfactin acrss the year, including during their jb search, was their utlk. Despite plans nt wrking ut exactly as hped, recent graduates with greater well-being were able t increase effrt and keep mving frward thrugh challenges. These graduates were als mving frward with a sense f purpse, r a general sense that they were n a meaningful path, and ptimism abut the path they were n.，expecting gd things t happen in the future.
Additinally, their expectatins abut hw and when their gals wuld be achieved were flexible, and they were pen t new r unexpected pprtunities. Finally, recent graduates with greater well-being als had mre supprtive scial netwrks that they culd rely n fr advice, cmfrt, and help alng the way.
9、What can we learn abut academic stress?
A. Tp cllege students seldm have academic stress.
B. Students are mst anxius at the start f a semester.
C. An increase in negative mds can make students study harder.
D. Students shuld decrease wrklad t maintain emtinal balance.
10、What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. The emtinal stress f cllege students.
B. The difficulty in making friends in cllege.
C. The imprtance f having gd teachers in cllege.
D. The reasns why internatinal students are mre stressed.
11、What can students wh have mre satisfactin d?
A. They can adjust their expectatins when needed.
B. They can create pprtunities in time.
C. They can give peple practical suggestins.
D. They can avid difficult challenges smartly.
12、What is the text mainly abut?
A. Cllege students.B. Cllege students’ stress.
C. Recent graduates.D. Recent graduates’ expectatins.
二、七选五
13、The current ppulatin f ysters(牡蛎) is nly a small part f their histric levels. ①_______. T help maintain existing habitats, the state requires licenses fr the harvesting f shellfish and cntrls where and when the harvesting activity can take place. Suth Carlina’s Department f Natural Resurces has als planned t recycle and replant yster shells.
②_______. They serve as anchrs t which babies can attach themselves. Returning shells t the state’s rivers ensures that any larvae(幼虫) lking fr a hme can find smething t which they can be attached.
The critical nature f ysters in the ecsystem is difficult t verstate. Alng the Atlantic shreline f the United States, the Eastern Oyster is cnsidered a fundatin species. Oysters gather tgether as part f their natural life cycle, frming reefs that prvide the habitat fr fish, crabs, and ther small cean creatures. ③_______.
In additin t being the bedrck f many underwater cmmunities, ysters als help maintain the cleanliness f Suth Carlina’s castal waters. Dirty water cmes in frm the cean and gets filtered by ysters. Water ges back ut cleanly. ④_______. Turists want t g t beautiful and clean beaches, cme ut n bat trips, and see dlphins.
Suth Carlina is wrking hard t rebuild castal reefs that will supprt and sustain future yster ppulatins. It’s wrth keeping in mind that every shell remved frm the river culd be the base fr the next year’s new ysters. ⑤_______, it’s ging t be a lng time befre we get enugh recruitment(增长) in the yster ppulatin t keep it sustainable.
A. Once we lse that natural shell base
B. These little tiny fish need smewhere t hide
C. Because it is imprtant t recycle the yster shells
D. Even the lcal turism industry relies n this effect f ysters
E. The best place t settle is ging t be where there are adult ysters
F. Suth Carlina is actively wrking t restre and sustain its wild ysters
G. Oyster shells, bth live and dead, prvide the main habitat fr the next generatin
三、完形填空（15空）
I’ve been wrking n my career fr 10 years as a bilgy prfessr. I enjyed my research wrk, but when smething unusual happened, I had t 1 my fcus t teaching undergraduate curses.
It was hard t drp a research prgram that had defined my career and fueled my passin. T 2 the research wrld, I began t include jurnal articles in my undergraduate curse, 3 lively discussins abut the latest discveries. 4 , my students rarely dived int the papers fully.
My students were 5 with memrizing facts, but they lacked deep understanding f hw the cnclusins were drawn. The ingenuity(独创力) f research — what I lved mst abut being a scientist — was 6 n them.
This changed the way I 7 . I spent multiple classes decnstructing a single paper with my students, 8 each figure and table. I then asked, “If yu had c-authred the paper, what wuld yu d next?”
Sme 9 , “I’m nt creative.” But I asked them t give it a try. After taking part in sme grup discussins, the students changed their 10 . They were amazed by the variety f fllw-up studies their classmates had thught up. They argued 11 abut which ideas were better, expressing surprise when ther grups made different chices. I was 12 t see each student cmmit t an idea, in the prcess discvering smething abut their wn pwers f 13 .
What I really wanted my students t d was develp their wn inventiveness and 14 the imaginatin. I hped that what they learned abut their wn 15 wuld be the knwledge that lasts.
14、A. addB. shiftC. returnD. narrw
15、A. keep away frmB. lk back n
C. get dwn tD. stay clse t
16、A. hldingB. preparingC. expectingD. ignring
17、A. HweverB. BesidesC. OtherwiseD. Therefre
18、A. mvedB. patientC. bredD. cmfrtable
19、A. hiddenB. reflectedC. lstD. fund
20、A. livedB. thughtC. searchedD. taught
21、A. analyzingB. drawingC. editingD. memrizing
22、A. hpedB. hesitatedC. decidedD. pretended
23、A. attitudesB. tasksC. methdsD. plans
24、A. angrilyB. jkinglyC. prudlyD. passinately
25、A. excitedB. curiusC. inspiredD. grateful
26、A. cncentratinB. bservatinC. inventinD. devtin
27、A. shw ffB. tap intC. depend nD. check ut
28、A. perfrmanceB. prgressC. creativityD. adventure
四、短文填空
29、 Like the building itself, the cats which walk freely arund the basement f the State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg have survived changing frtunes. ①________ (treat) like ryalty, the 65 cats enjy 24-hur medical care, feeding and freedm.
Catherine the Great ②___________ (reprted) called them the “Guardians f the Galleries,” thugh they are nt allwed int the galleries f ③________was nce the Winter Palace. Hwever, it is nt rare fr a visitr utside the building t cme acrss a cat ④________ (lie) in the sun.
After the Sviet Unin cllapsed in 1991, many in St. Petersburg culd n lnger affrd t care fr their cats, and s the Hermitage ⑤________(decide) t adpt sme f the stray (无主的)cats t add t the descendants f the ⑥____________ (rigin) cats brught frm the city f Kazan 100 years befre that. Nw as then, the Hermitage will take in stray cats that find their way ⑦_________the museum. These are given a new life ⑧_________kept fed and healthy.
If ⑨________ (muse) pass clse, the cats will catch. Mst f the time they need nt kill anything, as their smell serves ⑩_________ (keep) mst mice away. Many f the cats’ ancestrs have been immrtalized (使名传后世) fr their service t the state in paintings n the very walls f the museum they defended.
五、首字母填空
30、Misunderstandings a________ frm lack f scial cmmunicatin may lead t serius prblems.
31、Relative pverty, hwever, did nt prevent Martin frm e________ himself with an excellent educatin.
32、The Ryal Palace d______ back t the 16th century is underging restratin.
33、Staff and students e________ a warm welcme t visiting parents the ther day.
34、The mst terrible thing t put up with is the wman bss’s a_______ smile.
35、There are a few prfessinals in the race, but mst are enthusiastic a________.
36、His speech was greeted with thunderus a________.
37、Tanzania is a cuntry c________ t building scialism in the lng term.
六、书面表达
38、假如你是李华, 上周五你校举办了一次远足研学活动。请给你校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An educatinal Outing
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、读后续写
39、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
N Crwn fr me
“Will yu cme with us, Susan?” cried several little girls t a schlmate. “We are ging t the wds; d cme, t.”
“I shuld like t g with yu very much,” replied Susan, with a sigh, “but I cannt finish the task grandmther set me t d.”
“Hw tiresme it must be t stay at hme t wrk n a hliday!” said Rse, ne f the girls, shaking her head. “Susan's grandmther is t strict.”
Susan heard this remark, and, as she bent her head ver her task, she wiped away a tear, and thught f the pleasant afternn the girls wuld spend gathering wild flwers in the wds.
Sn she said t herself, “What harm can there be in mving the mark grandmther put in the stcking? The wds must be very beautiful tday, and hw I shuld like t be in them! ”
“Grandmther,” said she, a few minutes afterwards, “I am ready, nw.” “What, s sn, Susan?” Her grandmther tk the wrk, and lked at it very clsely.
“True, Susan,” said she, laying great stress n each wrd. “True, I cunt twenty turns frm the mark, and, as yu have never cheated me, yu may g and amuse yurself as yu like the rest f the day.”
Susan's cheeks were red, and she did nt say, “Thank yu.” As she left the cttage, she walked slwly away, nt singing as usual.
“Why, here is Susan!” the girls cried, when she jined their cmpany. “But what is the matter? Why have yu left yur dear, ld grandmther? ” they asked.
“There is nthing the matter.” As Susan repeated the wrds, she felt that she was trying t deceive herself. She had acted a lie. At the same time, she remembered her grandmther's wrds, “Yu have never deceived me.”
“Yes, I have deceived her,” she said t herself. “If she knew all, she wuld never trust me again.”
Paragraph 1
The little party had reached an pen space in the wds.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2
“Nw, Susan.” said Rse, “Put n the crwn f flwers, fr yu are t be ur queen.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
八、单词拼写
40、“Why did Ben d that?” she asked, in a ________ (哽咽) vice.
41、Nw wmen ________(参加) in the liberatin struggle are finding new rles.
42、Facilities fr peple with ________ (残疾) are still insufficient.
43、D yu believe in the mysterius and ther supernatural ________ (现象)?
44、They had ________ (非故意) prvided wrng infrmatin.
45、One f the main _______ (优先事项) therefre was t make the whle building accessible t kids.
46、The farmer was accused f ________(残忍) t animals.
参考答案
1、答案：D
解析：题干意思是：Charles Miller为什么把足球带到巴西？A.为了成为一名职业运动员；B.为了组织一个足球俱乐部；C.为了记住他在英国的日子；D.让巴西人对这项运动感兴趣，根据第二段第二句中it suddenly hit him that he culd try t get them interested in ftball.（他突然想到他可以试着让他们对足球感兴趣）可知，Charles Miller把足球带到巴西的原因是让巴西人对这项运动感兴趣，故选D。
2、答案：B
解析：题干意思是：哪个词能最好地描述Charles Miller？A.有天赋的；B.成功的；C.受欢迎的；D.思维开阔的，根据最后一段Then， the ftball Sa Paul.（然后，足球比赛在圣保罗成为了一个巨大的吸引力。到1901年，圣保罗已经有了很多俱乐部。）可知，Charles Miller是成功的，故选B。
3、答案：B
解析：题干意思是：Charles Miller在巴西哪里举行了第一场足球赛？A.在操场；B.在畜牧场；C.在街上；D.在体育场，根据第二段最后一句中thus the first game been remved.（这样巴西第一场足球赛是由两支年轻的英国人组成的队伍在一块被移走了山羊和奶牛的草地上进行的。），可知，是在畜牧场举行了第一场足球赛，故选B。
4、答案：C
解析：题干意思是：我们了解当地运动员什么？A.他们从Charles Miller那里买足球；B.他们由职业运动员训练；C.他们处理球更敏捷；D.当他们踢足球时吸引了许多记者，根据第四段最后一句They were gifted the ball.（他们在比赛中天赋异禀，因为他们可以更快。更轻松地带球），可知，当地运动员处理球更敏捷，故选C。
5、答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。划线词句后文“trying very hard t avid ding anything wrng.(非常努力地避免做错事。)”说明猫鼬们努力避免做错一些事情，从而推知划线词句“They are prudent(它们是 prudent)”其中划线词应为“谨慎的，慎重的”的意思，与D项cautius“小心的，谨慎的”同义。故选D 项。
6、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Meerkats(猫鼬), like humans, negtiate decisins. They are prudent, trying very hard t avid ding anything wrng.(猫鼠由和人类一样，协商决定。它们很谨慎，努力避免做错事。)”和“But when a meerkat wants t accelerate the search, the animal will make a "mve call". If three r mre meerkats make this call, the grup will mve faster.(但是当猫鼬想要加速搜索时，它会发出“移动呼叫”。如果有三只或更多的猫鼬发出这种叫声，这群猫鼬就会移动得更快。)”可知，猫鼬投票决定狩猎的速度。故选D项。
7、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hwever, after the hunt, ther dgs in the grup have t wait fr the alpha dg t finish its meal while they are starving t death. Smetimes, the alpha dg may leave nthing fr the rest f the dgs.(然而，狩猎结束后，群体里其 他狗不得不在饿的要死的时候等着领头狗吃完饭。有时，领头狗可能不会给其他狗留下任何东西。)”可知，领头狗有权先吃饭。故选C项。
8、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Humans make decisins t. If yu have a grup f peple, and ne persn says, 'Let's have pizza,' and n ne agrees, then nthing is ging t happen. But nce yur grandfather says 'That's an excellent idea', the whle grup will prbably g ut fr pizzas. Humans tend t fllw the decisins made by the senirs because they want t shw respect fr them.(人类也会做决定。如果是一个 群体，其中一个人说：‘让我们吃披萨吧’，但没有人同意，那么什么都不会发生。但一旦你的祖父说‘这是个好主意’，整个团队可能会出去吃披萨。人类倾向于听从老年人的决定，因为他们想对他们表示尊重。)”可知，作者提到人类吃披萨是为了与动物的以投票方式做出集体决策进行比较。故选A项。
9、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Our lnger- term research acrss fur years fund that students earned higher grades in semesters when they experienced but f (—阵) negative mds. A rise in negative mds ne semester may reflect that extra effrt was needed t meet academic challenges.(我们为期四年的长期研究发现，当学生经历了一段时间的 消极情绪时，他们在学期中取得了更高的成绩。一个学期消极情绪的增加可能反映出需要额外的努力 来应对学业挑战。)”可知，研究发现，学生消极情绪的增加可能需要额外的努力来应对学业上的挑战，从而在取得更高的成绩，由此可知，消极情绪的增加可能会使得学生更努力。故选C项。
10、答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Sme students can't adapt themselves t the life withut supprt and care frm their families.(有些学生没有家人的支持和关心就不能适应生活。)”以及“Maintaining friendships and balancing scial demands with academics is anther key surce f stress fr cllege students. In cllege, the relatinship between students and teachers can be ttally different frm in high schls.(维持友谊、平衡学业与社交需求是大学生压力的另一个主要来源。）”可知，有些学生没有家人的帮助就不能适应生活，且维持友谊、平衡学业和社交需求是造成大学生压力的另一个主要来源，这些都和学生的情感相关，由此可知，本段主要讲述的是学生的情感压力。故选A项。
11、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Despite plans nt wrking ut exactly as hped, recent graduates with greater well-being were able t increase effrt and keep mving frward thrugh challenges.(尽管计划没有像希望的那样顺利进行， 但拥有更大幸福感的应届毕业生能够加大努力，在 挑战中继续前进。）”可知，满足感更强的学生在遇 到不顺利的情况是，他们会加大努力，在挑战中前 进,结合尾段中的“Additinally, their expectatins abut hw and when their gals wuld be achieved were flexible, and they were pen t new r unexpected pprtunities.(此外，他们对如何以及何时实现目标的期望是灵活的，他们对新的或意想不到的机会持开放态度。)”可知，满足感强的学生对实现目标的期望是灵活的，且对新出现的情况持开放的态度， 由此可知，这些满足感强的学生可能会在必要的时候调整自己的期望，继续前进。故选A项。
12、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Academic demands are a key surce f stress fr cllege students. （学业要求是大学生压力的主要来源。）”以及第三段中的“Maintaining friendships and balancing scial demands with academics is anther key surce f stress fr cllege students. （维持友谊、平衡学业与社交需求是大学生压力的另一个主要来源。）”并结合文章对大学生主要来源的分析可知，本文主要讲述的是大学生压力的主要来源及其影响。故选B项。
13、答案：①-⑤FGBDA
解析：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当前牡蛎的数量大量减少，鉴于牡蛎的作用，Suth Carlina寻求保护牡蛎的措施，以增长牡蛎数量。
①根据空后的“T help maintain existing habitats, the state requires licenses fr the harvesting f shellfish and cntrls where and when the harvesting activity can take place.(为了帮助维持现有的栖息地，该州要求获得捕捞贝类的许可证，并控制捕捞活动的地点和时间。)”可知，为保护牡蛎的栖息地，某州作出了一些具体的要求；由the state可知，此空处应出现the state相关的内容，F选项“Suth Carlina is actively wrking t restre and sustain its wild ysters(南卡罗来纳州正在积极恢复和维持其野生牡蛎)”中的Suth Carlina为空后the state，且与空后内容吻合。故选F项。
②根据空后的“They serve as anchrs t which babies can attach themselves. Returning shells t the state’s rivers ensures that any larvae (幼虫) lking fr a hme can find smething t which they can be attached.(它们充当锚，牡蛎幼虫可以把自己固定在上面。将贝壳放回该州的河流中，可以确保任何寻找家园的幼虫都能找到可以依附的东西。)”可知，此处讲述的是贝壳对繁育后代的重要性，G选项“Oyster shells, bth live and dead, prvide the main habitat fr the next generatin(活的和死的牡蛎壳为下一代提供了主要的栖息地)”内容概括了本段主题，其中的Oyster shells与空后的they所指内容一致。故选G项。
③根据空前的“Oysters gather tgether as part f their natural life cycle, frming reefs that prvide the habitat fr fish, crabs, and ther small cean creatures.(作为自然生命周期的一部分，牡蛎会聚集在一起，形成珊瑚礁，为鱼类、螃蟹和其他小型海洋生物提供栖息地。)”可知，牡蛎为一些小的海洋生物提供了栖息场所，B选项“These little tiny fish need smewhere t hide(这些小鱼需要找个地方躲起来)”符合题意，选项中的these little tiny fish与空后的ther small cean creatures吻合。故选B项。
④根据空后的“Turists want t g t beautiful and clean beaches, cme ut n bat trips, and see dlphins.(游客们想去美丽干净的海滩，乘船旅行，看海豚。)”可知，此处讲述的是游客们的需求，由此可知，空处讲述的内容与牡蛎与旅游业发展相关，D选项“Even the lcal turism industry relies n this effect f ysters(甚至当地的旅游业也依赖牡蛎的这种影响)”讲述的是牡蛎对当地旅游业的影响，内容与空后内容一致。故选D项。
⑤分析该空所在句子结构可知，逗号后“it’s ging t be a lng time befre we get enugh recruitment (增长) in the yster ppulatin t keep it sustainable.(我们还需要很长一段时间才能增长足够的牡蛎的数量来保持它的可持续发展。)”讲述的是牡蛎数量增长要很长时间，且空后是一个完整的句子，所以此空处应为带有连词的句子，或短语，A选项“Once we lse that natural shell base(一旦失去了天然的壳基)”为连词nce引导的状语从句，且内容与空后内容衔接。故选A项。
14、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的职业生涯已经有10年了，作为一名生物学教授，我愉快地从事着我的研究， 突然发生了一件不寻常的事情，我不得不把中心转移到教授本科课程上。A.add添加；B.shift使转移；C. return归还；D.narrw使缩小。根据上文“smething unusual happened”可知，发生了一件不寻常的事情， 作者原本享受着研究工作的乐趣，但不得不去教授本科课程，因此应该是不得不转移中心，shift ne's fcus t是固定短语，意为“把中心转移到”。故选B。
15、答案：D
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了贴近研究世界，我开始在本科课程中加入期刊文章，期待对最新发现 进行热烈的讨论。A.keep away frm远离；B.lk back n回顾；C.get dwn t开始做某事，；D.stay clse t 贴近。根据下文“I began t include jurnal articles in my undergraduate curse”可知，作者在本科课程中加入 期刊文章，因此是为了贴近原本喜爱的研究世界。故选D。
16、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了贴近研究世界，我开始在本科课程中加入期刊文章，期待对最新发现进行 热烈的讨论。A.hlding持有；B.preparing准备；C.expecting期待；D.ignring忽略。根据上文“It was hard t drp a research prgram that had defined my career and fueled(激发)my passins.”可知，作者非常喜欢研究 项目，对此满怀激情，因此会期待对最新发现进行热烈的讨论。故选C。
17、答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的学生很少深入钻研论文。A.Hwever然而：B.Besides 此外：C.Otherwise 否则：D.Therefre因此。根据下文“my students rarely dived int(钻研) the papers fully”可知，作者的学生很少深入钻研论文，和上文作者期待的热烈讨论形成转折，因此应用Hwever“然而”。故选A。
18、答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的学生适应了记忆事实，但他们缺乏深入理解结论是如何得出的。A.mved 感动的；B.patient 耐心的；C.bred无聊的；D.cmfrtable舒适的。根据下文“but they lacked deep understanding f hw the cnclusins were drawn”可知，作者的学生缺乏深入理解如何得出结论，由此推知 他们已经适应了记忆事实，be cmfrtable with是固定短语，意为“对……感到舒适”，指对某人或某事物 感到舒适、自在或适应。故选D。
19、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究的独创性——我最喜欢做科学家的地方——在他们身上丢失了。A.hidden 隐藏：B.reflected 反映：C.lst丢失：D.fund发现。根据上文“my students rarely dived int(钻研) the papers fully”可知，作者的学生很少深入钻研论文，因此是丢失了研究的独创性。故选C。
20、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这改变了我的教学方式。A.lived生活；B.thught思考；C.searched 搜索；D.taught 教学。根据下文“I spent multiple classes decnstructing a single paper with my students”可知，作者花精力去 和学生解构论文，因此是改变了教学的方式。故选D。
21、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了好几节课和我的学生一起解构一篇论文，分析每张图和表。A.analyzing 分析：B.drawing画画：C.editing编辑：D.memrizing记忆。根据上文“decnstructing a single paper”可知， 作者在花精力去解构论文，因此是分析论文里的每张图和表。故选A。
22、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人犹豫了，“我没有创造力。”A.hped希望；B.hesitated犹豫；C.decided 决定；D.pretended假装。根据下文“I'm nt creative.”可知，有些人认为自己没有创造力，因此会在作者想要激发他们创造力的时候犹豫。故选B。
23、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在参加了一些小组讨论之后，学生们改变了他们的态度。A.attitudes态度；B.tasks 任务： C. methds 方法： D. plans 计划。根据下文“They argued ___11__ abut which ideas were better. expressing surprise when ther grups made different chices.”可知，作者的学生开始争论观点，尊重不同的选择，因此是改变了态度。故选A。
24、答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们热情地争论哪个想法更好，当其他小组做出不同的选择时，他们表示惊喜。 A.angrily 愤怒地；B.jkingly开玩笑地；C.prudly自豪地；D.passinately热情地。根据上文“They were amazed by the variety f fllw-up studies their classmates had thught up.”可知，学生想出各种各样的后续研究，已经开始发挥自己的钻研精神，因此是热情地讨论想法。故选D。
25、答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋地看到每个学生都致力于一个想法，在这个过程中发现了他们自己 创造的能力。A.excited兴奋的；B.curius好奇的；C.inspired激动人心的；D.grateful感激的。根据下文 “t see each student cmmit t an idea”可知，作者看到的是每个学生都致力于一个想法，因此作为老师会 感到兴奋。故选A。
26、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋地看到每个学生都致力于一个想法，在这个过程中发现了他们自己创造的能力。A.cncentratin专心；B.bservatin观察；C.inventin创造；D.devtin奉献。根据上文学生从一开始的对钻研不感兴趣，到后来的想出各种各样的后续研究，热情地讨论想法可知，在这个过程中他 们发现了自己创造的能力。故选C。
27、答案：B
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我真正想让我的学生做的是发展他们自己的创造力，挖掘他们的想象力。A. shw ff炫耀；B.tap int 挖掘：C.depend n依赖；D.check ut检查。根据上文“t develp their wn inventiveness”可知，作者希望学生发展他们的创造力，tap int“挖掘”符合语境，和发展创造力契合，表示挖掘想象力。故选B。
28、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望他们从自己的创造力中学到的知识将成为永恒的知识。A.perfrmance表现；B.prgress进步；C.creativity创造力；D.adventure冒险。根据上文作者改变教学方式，激发学生对探究的热情和内在创造力可知，作者珍视的是从创造力中学到的知识。故选C。
29、答案：①Treated②reprtedly③what④lying⑤decided⑥riginal⑦int⑧and⑨mice⑩t keep
解析：
30、答案：arising
解析：
31、答案：equipping
解析：根据题干要求，本题需要表达“然而，相对贫困并不妨碍马丁____良好的教育”这一语义，结合首字母e，应填equip，equip neself with sth. 用某物装备自己，frm是介词，后接动词ing形式。因此本题答案是“equipping”。
32、答案：dating
解析：
33、答案：extended
解析：
34、答案：artificial
解析：考查形容词。句意：最难以忍受的是女老板做作的微笑。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为形容词artificial“人为的；不真挚的，矫揉造作的”作定语修饰smile，满足句意要求。故填artificial。
35、答案：amateurs
解析：根据句意“比赛中有一些专业人员，但大多数是热情的业余爱好者”，此处应填“业余爱好者”，amateur意为“业余爱好者”，是可数名词，前面没有限定词，所以此处用复数形式，故答案是amateurs。
36、答案：applause
解析：根据句意和首字母提示可知该空表示掌声，就是名词applause。applause表示掌声，是不可数名词，故答案是applause.
37、答案：cmmitted
解析：根据句意及首字母可知，此处表示“致力于”，应用动词cmmit；本句为主系表结构，此处应为非谓语动词作后置定语，主语a cuntry与动词cmmit之间为主动关系，所以用过去分词cmmitted，故填cmmitted.
38、答案：
One pssible versin:
Last Friday, ur schl rganized an educatinal uting with the purpse f bradening students’ perspectives, cultivating their abilities and increasing their cultural literacy.
During the activity, we hiked thrugh cuntryside, visited sme villages, and admired the breathtaking scenery. Als we participated in utdr games and team-building activities, which helped us learn t wrk tgether and imprve ur cmmunicatin skills.
Overall, the uting was a valuable experience, where we gained a better understanding f the wrld arund us. What’s mre, we were able t develp a sense f respnsibility twards the envirnment.
One pssible versin:
In rder t ffer students a platfrm t learn and explre in a natural envirnment and enhance their teamwrk as well as prblem-slving skills, ur schl rganized an educatinal uting fr students last Friday.
The activity included hiking in the nearby muntains, bserving wildlife and plants, and participating in team-building games. The students als had a chance t set up tents and ck their wn meals, which allwed them t experience living in the utdrs.
The educatinal uting was a great success, prviding a memrable and valuable experience fr all participants. Teachers were impressed by the students’ enthusiasm and willingness t learn.
解析：
39、答案：
The little party had reached an pen space in the wds. When her cmpanins ran abut enjying themselves, Susan sat n the grass, reflecting n what she had cheated her grandmther and wishing she were at hme admitting her fault. After a while Rse cried ut, “Let us make a crwn f flwers, and put it n the head f the best girl here.” Sn the crwn was finished. All the girls agreed Susan was the best girl bth in schl and at hme and she deserved it, s they decided she was t wear it.
“Nw, Susan,” said Rse, “Put n the crwn f flwers, fr yu are t be ur queen.” As these wrds were spken, the crwn was placed n her head. In a mment she tk it ff, and threw it n the grund, saying, “N crwn fr me; I d nt deserve it.” The girls lked at with their muths pen in surprise. “I have cheated my grandmther,” said she, tears flwing dwn her cheeks. Quickly Susan left the ther girls, went back hme aplgizing t her grandmther. “Susan,” said her grandmther, “I am s happy yu have realized yur fault, and yu are still my wn little girl!”
解析：
40、答案：chked
解析：根据题干可知，这里需要填入一个语义为“哽咽”的形容词来修饰后面的名词vice，因此可以填入chked。
41、答案：participating
解析：根据汉语提示，用动词participate表示参加，本句的主语是wmen，谓语是are finding，所以这里的participate是非谓语动词，participate和wmen之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词participating，故答案是participating.
42、答案：disabilities
解析：根据括号内词义，"残疾"可译为disability，是可数名词，根据语境要用复数形式。故填：disabilities。
43、答案：phenmena
解析：根据题干可知，此处需要填写“现象”的名词形式，而phenmenn是现象的名词形式，因为其为可数名词，所以需要用复数形式，故答案为“phenmena”。
44、答案：unintentinally
解析：
45、答案：pririties
解析：pririty：优先事项，可数名词，ne f+可数名词复数，故填pririties。
46、答案：cruelty
解析：空格处为名词作f的宾语，结合句意和中文意思，cruelty（残忍）符合语境，固定搭配be accused f sth.被指控某事，故填此答案。
一、阅读理解
At the end f the nineteenth century, an Englishman living in Brazil sent his sn Charles Miller acrss the Atlantic t be educated in England. During his stay in England, Charles grew passinately keen n ftball and ften sharpened his skills in the playgrund. In 1894, he packed his bags and returned t his family in Brazil. In his bags, he tk a ftball as a suvenir.
Back in Brazil, Charles was willing t cnsider and accept ther peple’s pinins. When he talked t lcal peple abut their leisure activities, it suddenly hit him that he culd try t get them interested in ftball. At first he had little success; the nly peple wh shwed any interest were yung Englishmen wh walked n the street; thus the first game f ftball in Brazil was played between tw teams f yung Englishmen, n a field frm which the gats and cws had been remved.
Charles asked sme jurnalists t cme and see this new English game, but nne came alng. Hwever, as the weeks went past, the scene f twenty-tw yung peple running arund after a ball began attracting viewers frm schls nearby. Then, yung lcal men began kicking balls arund t.
“Balls” is perhaps the wrng wrd—the nly ftball in Brazil at the time was the ne that Charles Miller had brught back with him frm England. The Brazilian viewers had t create their wn ftballs, using cans r whatever they culd find t make them with. After a shrt perid f time, these lcal viewers culd defeat the freign players easily withut prper training. They were gifted in playing the game because they culd mve mre quickly and easily with the ball.
Then, the ftball game became a great attractin in Sa Paul. By 1901, there was already a league f clubs in Sa Paul.
1、Why did Charles Miller bring a ftball t Brazil?
A. T be a prfessinal player.
B. T rganize a ftball club.
C. T remember his days in the UK.
D. T get Brazilians interested in the game.
2、Which wrd can best describe Charles Miller?
A. Talented.B. Successful.C. Ppular.D. Open-minded.
3、Where did Charles Miller hld the first ftball game in Brazil?
A. In the playgrund.B. On a livestck farm.
C. On the street.D. At the stadium.
4、What d we knw abut the lcal players?
A. They bught ftballs frm Charles Miller.
B. They were trained by prfessinal players.
C. They were swifter in handling the ball.
D. They attracted many jurnalists when playing the ball.
Peple need t vte t decide wh will be their president. But humans aren’t the nly creatures n Earth wh vte. Other animals, frm hneybees t babns(狒狒), make grup decisins, They just d it differently, and fr different reasns. Instead f vting fr a president, animals vte n where t live r when t hunt. Meerkats (猫鼬), like humans, negtiate decisins. They are prudent, trying very hard t avid ding anything wrng. When searching fr fd, the animals get tgether fr prtectin frm hunters. But when a meerkat wants t accelerate the search, the animal will make a “mve call”. If three r mre meerkats make this call, the grup will mve faster.
African wild dgs als vte in grups. Scientists have fund that after scializing, the animals wuld decide whether t hunt. Hw d the dgs vte in supprt f hunting? They sneeze! Whether the dgs will actually g n a hunt is decided by the number f sneezes. The mre the dgs sneeze, the mre likely it is that they will lk fr a meal. Hwever, the alpha dg, the dminant dg f the pack, likes ther dgs t fllw its wn decisin even when thers dn’t vte, because it believes it can have better chances f getting big game. Hwever, after the hunt, ther dgs in the grup have t wait fr the alpha dg t finish its meal while they are starving t death. Smetimes, the alpha dg may leave nthing fr the rest f the dgs.
Humans make decisins t. If yu have a grup f peple, and ne persn says, “Let’s have pizza,” and n ne agrees, then nthing is ging t happen. But nce yur grandfather says “That’s an excellent idea”, the whle grup will prbably g ut fr pizzas. Humans tend t fllw the decisins made by the senirs because they want t shw respect fr them.
Just like humans, animals dn’t always agree with ne anther. But jining in grup decisins helps make sure f their survival. It is extremely interesting t see hw animals reach an agreement and stick tgether.
5、What des the underlined wrd “prudent” in Paragraph 1 means?
A. Hard-wrking.B. Friendly.C. Greedy.D. Cautius.
6、What d the meerkats vte n?
A. The chice f the leader.B. The selectin f fd.
C. The place fr living.D. The speed f hunting.
7、What d we knw abut the alpha dg?
A. It likes t hunt game alne.
B. It sneezes when it finds a meal.
C. It has the right t eat the meal first.
D. It likes t share fd with ther dgs.
8、Why des the authr mentin humans eating pizzas?
A. T draw a cmparisn.B. T place an emphasis.
C. T reach a cnclusin.D. T make a suggestin.
Academic demands are a key surce f stress fr cllege students. Unlike in high schl, students in cllege are expected t manage their wrklad withut much guidance frm teachers, and it’s easy t feel lst in a class with several hundred peers. Our research suggests that, n average, stress ges up as academic demands g up, peaking ahead f final exams and then falling again.
It can be cmfrting t knw that academic stress is a shared experience. It may als help t knw that temprary increases in stress can benefit students under sme circumstances. Our lnger-term research acrss fur years fund that students earned higher grades in semesters when they experienced but f(一阵) negative mds. A rise in negative mds ne semester may reflect that extra effrt was needed t meet academic challenges. The imprtant reminder here is that we nly bserved this effect fr students wh were typically happy verall, shwing the imprtance f maintaining gd emtinal balance.
Sme students can’t adapt themselves t the life withut supprt and care frm their families. Fr example, internatinal students wh live further away frm their families may feel hmesick strnger. Maintaining friendships and balancing scial demands with academics is anther key surce f stress fr cllege students. In cllege, the relatinship between students and teachers can be ttally different frm in high schls. It is hard fr sme students t be invlved in cllege class.
What distinguished the students wh reprted less stressed and mre satisfactin acrss the year, including during their jb search, was their utlk. Despite plans nt wrking ut exactly as hped, recent graduates with greater well-being were able t increase effrt and keep mving frward thrugh challenges. These graduates were als mving frward with a sense f purpse, r a general sense that they were n a meaningful path, and ptimism abut the path they were n.，expecting gd things t happen in the future.
Additinally, their expectatins abut hw and when their gals wuld be achieved were flexible, and they were pen t new r unexpected pprtunities. Finally, recent graduates with greater well-being als had mre supprtive scial netwrks that they culd rely n fr advice, cmfrt, and help alng the way.
9、What can we learn abut academic stress?
A. Tp cllege students seldm have academic stress.
B. Students are mst anxius at the start f a semester.
C. An increase in negative mds can make students study harder.
D. Students shuld decrease wrklad t maintain emtinal balance.
10、What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. The emtinal stress f cllege students.
B. The difficulty in making friends in cllege.
C. The imprtance f having gd teachers in cllege.
D. The reasns why internatinal students are mre stressed.
11、What can students wh have mre satisfactin d?
A. They can adjust their expectatins when needed.
B. They can create pprtunities in time.
C. They can give peple practical suggestins.
D. They can avid difficult challenges smartly.
12、What is the text mainly abut?
A. Cllege students.B. Cllege students’ stress.
C. Recent graduates.D. Recent graduates’ expectatins.
二、七选五
13、The current ppulatin f ysters(牡蛎) is nly a small part f their histric levels. ①_______. T help maintain existing habitats, the state requires licenses fr the harvesting f shellfish and cntrls where and when the harvesting activity can take place. Suth Carlina’s Department f Natural Resurces has als planned t recycle and replant yster shells.
②_______. They serve as anchrs t which babies can attach themselves. Returning shells t the state’s rivers ensures that any larvae(幼虫) lking fr a hme can find smething t which they can be attached.
The critical nature f ysters in the ecsystem is difficult t verstate. Alng the Atlantic shreline f the United States, the Eastern Oyster is cnsidered a fundatin species. Oysters gather tgether as part f their natural life cycle, frming reefs that prvide the habitat fr fish, crabs, and ther small cean creatures. ③_______.
In additin t being the bedrck f many underwater cmmunities, ysters als help maintain the cleanliness f Suth Carlina’s castal waters. Dirty water cmes in frm the cean and gets filtered by ysters. Water ges back ut cleanly. ④_______. Turists want t g t beautiful and clean beaches, cme ut n bat trips, and see dlphins.
Suth Carlina is wrking hard t rebuild castal reefs that will supprt and sustain future yster ppulatins. It’s wrth keeping in mind that every shell remved frm the river culd be the base fr the next year’s new ysters. ⑤_______, it’s ging t be a lng time befre we get enugh recruitment(增长) in the yster ppulatin t keep it sustainable.
A. Once we lse that natural shell base
B. These little tiny fish need smewhere t hide
C. Because it is imprtant t recycle the yster shells
D. Even the lcal turism industry relies n this effect f ysters
E. The best place t settle is ging t be where there are adult ysters
F. Suth Carlina is actively wrking t restre and sustain its wild ysters
G. Oyster shells, bth live and dead, prvide the main habitat fr the next generatin
三、完形填空（15空）
I’ve been wrking n my career fr 10 years as a bilgy prfessr. I enjyed my research wrk, but when smething unusual happened, I had t 1 my fcus t teaching undergraduate curses.
It was hard t drp a research prgram that had defined my career and fueled my passin. T 2 the research wrld, I began t include jurnal articles in my undergraduate curse, 3 lively discussins abut the latest discveries. 4 , my students rarely dived int the papers fully.
My students were 5 with memrizing facts, but they lacked deep understanding f hw the cnclusins were drawn. The ingenuity(独创力) f research — what I lved mst abut being a scientist — was 6 n them.
This changed the way I 7 . I spent multiple classes decnstructing a single paper with my students, 8 each figure and table. I then asked, “If yu had c-authred the paper, what wuld yu d next?”
Sme 9 , “I’m nt creative.” But I asked them t give it a try. After taking part in sme grup discussins, the students changed their 10 . They were amazed by the variety f fllw-up studies their classmates had thught up. They argued 11 abut which ideas were better, expressing surprise when ther grups made different chices. I was 12 t see each student cmmit t an idea, in the prcess discvering smething abut their wn pwers f 13 .
What I really wanted my students t d was develp their wn inventiveness and 14 the imaginatin. I hped that what they learned abut their wn 15 wuld be the knwledge that lasts.
14、A. addB. shiftC. returnD. narrw
15、A. keep away frmB. lk back n
C. get dwn tD. stay clse t
16、A. hldingB. preparingC. expectingD. ignring
17、A. HweverB. BesidesC. OtherwiseD. Therefre
18、A. mvedB. patientC. bredD. cmfrtable
19、A. hiddenB. reflectedC. lstD. fund
20、A. livedB. thughtC. searchedD. taught
21、A. analyzingB. drawingC. editingD. memrizing
22、A. hpedB. hesitatedC. decidedD. pretended
23、A. attitudesB. tasksC. methdsD. plans
24、A. angrilyB. jkinglyC. prudlyD. passinately
25、A. excitedB. curiusC. inspiredD. grateful
26、A. cncentratinB. bservatinC. inventinD. devtin
27、A. shw ffB. tap intC. depend nD. check ut
28、A. perfrmanceB. prgressC. creativityD. adventure
四、短文填空
29、 Like the building itself, the cats which walk freely arund the basement f the State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg have survived changing frtunes. ①________ (treat) like ryalty, the 65 cats enjy 24-hur medical care, feeding and freedm.
Catherine the Great ②___________ (reprted) called them the “Guardians f the Galleries,” thugh they are nt allwed int the galleries f ③________was nce the Winter Palace. Hwever, it is nt rare fr a visitr utside the building t cme acrss a cat ④________ (lie) in the sun.
After the Sviet Unin cllapsed in 1991, many in St. Petersburg culd n lnger affrd t care fr their cats, and s the Hermitage ⑤________(decide) t adpt sme f the stray (无主的)cats t add t the descendants f the ⑥____________ (rigin) cats brught frm the city f Kazan 100 years befre that. Nw as then, the Hermitage will take in stray cats that find their way ⑦_________the museum. These are given a new life ⑧_________kept fed and healthy.
If ⑨________ (muse) pass clse, the cats will catch. Mst f the time they need nt kill anything, as their smell serves ⑩_________ (keep) mst mice away. Many f the cats’ ancestrs have been immrtalized (使名传后世) fr their service t the state in paintings n the very walls f the museum they defended.
五、首字母填空
30、Misunderstandings a________ frm lack f scial cmmunicatin may lead t serius prblems.
31、Relative pverty, hwever, did nt prevent Martin frm e________ himself with an excellent educatin.
32、The Ryal Palace d______ back t the 16th century is underging restratin.
33、Staff and students e________ a warm welcme t visiting parents the ther day.
34、The mst terrible thing t put up with is the wman bss’s a_______ smile.
35、There are a few prfessinals in the race, but mst are enthusiastic a________.
36、His speech was greeted with thunderus a________.
37、Tanzania is a cuntry c________ t building scialism in the lng term.
六、书面表达
38、假如你是李华, 上周五你校举办了一次远足研学活动。请给你校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An educatinal Outing
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、读后续写
39、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
N Crwn fr me
“Will yu cme with us, Susan?” cried several little girls t a schlmate. “We are ging t the wds; d cme, t.”
“I shuld like t g with yu very much,” replied Susan, with a sigh, “but I cannt finish the task grandmther set me t d.”
“Hw tiresme it must be t stay at hme t wrk n a hliday!” said Rse, ne f the girls, shaking her head. “Susan's grandmther is t strict.”
Susan heard this remark, and, as she bent her head ver her task, she wiped away a tear, and thught f the pleasant afternn the girls wuld spend gathering wild flwers in the wds.
Sn she said t herself, “What harm can there be in mving the mark grandmther put in the stcking? The wds must be very beautiful tday, and hw I shuld like t be in them! ”
“Grandmther,” said she, a few minutes afterwards, “I am ready, nw.” “What, s sn, Susan?” Her grandmther tk the wrk, and lked at it very clsely.
“True, Susan,” said she, laying great stress n each wrd. “True, I cunt twenty turns frm the mark, and, as yu have never cheated me, yu may g and amuse yurself as yu like the rest f the day.”
Susan's cheeks were red, and she did nt say, “Thank yu.” As she left the cttage, she walked slwly away, nt singing as usual.
“Why, here is Susan!” the girls cried, when she jined their cmpany. “But what is the matter? Why have yu left yur dear, ld grandmther? ” they asked.
“There is nthing the matter.” As Susan repeated the wrds, she felt that she was trying t deceive herself. She had acted a lie. At the same time, she remembered her grandmther's wrds, “Yu have never deceived me.”
“Yes, I have deceived her,” she said t herself. “If she knew all, she wuld never trust me again.”
Paragraph 1
The little party had reached an pen space in the wds.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2
“Nw, Susan.” said Rse, “Put n the crwn f flwers, fr yu are t be ur queen.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
八、单词拼写
40、“Why did Ben d that?” she asked, in a ________ (哽咽) vice.
41、Nw wmen ________(参加) in the liberatin struggle are finding new rles.
42、Facilities fr peple with ________ (残疾) are still insufficient.
43、D yu believe in the mysterius and ther supernatural ________ (现象)?
44、They had ________ (非故意) prvided wrng infrmatin.
45、One f the main _______ (优先事项) therefre was t make the whle building accessible t kids.
46、The farmer was accused f ________(残忍) t animals.
参考答案
1、答案：D
解析：题干意思是：Charles Miller为什么把足球带到巴西？A.为了成为一名职业运动员；B.为了组织一个足球俱乐部；C.为了记住他在英国的日子；D.让巴西人对这项运动感兴趣，根据第二段第二句中it suddenly hit him that he culd try t get them interested in ftball.（他突然想到他可以试着让他们对足球感兴趣）可知，Charles Miller把足球带到巴西的原因是让巴西人对这项运动感兴趣，故选D。
2、答案：B
解析：题干意思是：哪个词能最好地描述Charles Miller？A.有天赋的；B.成功的；C.受欢迎的；D.思维开阔的，根据最后一段Then， the ftball Sa Paul.（然后，足球比赛在圣保罗成为了一个巨大的吸引力。到1901年，圣保罗已经有了很多俱乐部。）可知，Charles Miller是成功的，故选B。
3、答案：B
解析：题干意思是：Charles Miller在巴西哪里举行了第一场足球赛？A.在操场；B.在畜牧场；C.在街上；D.在体育场，根据第二段最后一句中thus the first game been remved.（这样巴西第一场足球赛是由两支年轻的英国人组成的队伍在一块被移走了山羊和奶牛的草地上进行的。），可知，是在畜牧场举行了第一场足球赛，故选B。
4、答案：C
解析：题干意思是：我们了解当地运动员什么？A.他们从Charles Miller那里买足球；B.他们由职业运动员训练；C.他们处理球更敏捷；D.当他们踢足球时吸引了许多记者，根据第四段最后一句They were gifted the ball.（他们在比赛中天赋异禀，因为他们可以更快。更轻松地带球），可知，当地运动员处理球更敏捷，故选C。
5、答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。划线词句后文“trying very hard t avid ding anything wrng.(非常努力地避免做错事。)”说明猫鼬们努力避免做错一些事情，从而推知划线词句“They are prudent(它们是 prudent)”其中划线词应为“谨慎的，慎重的”的意思，与D项cautius“小心的，谨慎的”同义。故选D 项。
6、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Meerkats(猫鼬), like humans, negtiate decisins. They are prudent, trying very hard t avid ding anything wrng.(猫鼠由和人类一样，协商决定。它们很谨慎，努力避免做错事。)”和“But when a meerkat wants t accelerate the search, the animal will make a "mve call". If three r mre meerkats make this call, the grup will mve faster.(但是当猫鼬想要加速搜索时，它会发出“移动呼叫”。如果有三只或更多的猫鼬发出这种叫声，这群猫鼬就会移动得更快。)”可知，猫鼬投票决定狩猎的速度。故选D项。
7、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hwever, after the hunt, ther dgs in the grup have t wait fr the alpha dg t finish its meal while they are starving t death. Smetimes, the alpha dg may leave nthing fr the rest f the dgs.(然而，狩猎结束后，群体里其 他狗不得不在饿的要死的时候等着领头狗吃完饭。有时，领头狗可能不会给其他狗留下任何东西。)”可知，领头狗有权先吃饭。故选C项。
8、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Humans make decisins t. If yu have a grup f peple, and ne persn says, 'Let's have pizza,' and n ne agrees, then nthing is ging t happen. But nce yur grandfather says 'That's an excellent idea', the whle grup will prbably g ut fr pizzas. Humans tend t fllw the decisins made by the senirs because they want t shw respect fr them.(人类也会做决定。如果是一个 群体，其中一个人说：‘让我们吃披萨吧’，但没有人同意，那么什么都不会发生。但一旦你的祖父说‘这是个好主意’，整个团队可能会出去吃披萨。人类倾向于听从老年人的决定，因为他们想对他们表示尊重。)”可知，作者提到人类吃披萨是为了与动物的以投票方式做出集体决策进行比较。故选A项。
9、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Our lnger- term research acrss fur years fund that students earned higher grades in semesters when they experienced but f (—阵) negative mds. A rise in negative mds ne semester may reflect that extra effrt was needed t meet academic challenges.(我们为期四年的长期研究发现，当学生经历了一段时间的 消极情绪时，他们在学期中取得了更高的成绩。一个学期消极情绪的增加可能反映出需要额外的努力 来应对学业挑战。)”可知，研究发现，学生消极情绪的增加可能需要额外的努力来应对学业上的挑战，从而在取得更高的成绩，由此可知，消极情绪的增加可能会使得学生更努力。故选C项。
10、答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Sme students can't adapt themselves t the life withut supprt and care frm their families.(有些学生没有家人的支持和关心就不能适应生活。)”以及“Maintaining friendships and balancing scial demands with academics is anther key surce f stress fr cllege students. In cllege, the relatinship between students and teachers can be ttally different frm in high schls.(维持友谊、平衡学业与社交需求是大学生压力的另一个主要来源。）”可知，有些学生没有家人的帮助就不能适应生活，且维持友谊、平衡学业和社交需求是造成大学生压力的另一个主要来源，这些都和学生的情感相关，由此可知，本段主要讲述的是学生的情感压力。故选A项。
11、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Despite plans nt wrking ut exactly as hped, recent graduates with greater well-being were able t increase effrt and keep mving frward thrugh challenges.(尽管计划没有像希望的那样顺利进行， 但拥有更大幸福感的应届毕业生能够加大努力，在 挑战中继续前进。）”可知，满足感更强的学生在遇 到不顺利的情况是，他们会加大努力，在挑战中前 进,结合尾段中的“Additinally, their expectatins abut hw and when their gals wuld be achieved were flexible, and they were pen t new r unexpected pprtunities.(此外，他们对如何以及何时实现目标的期望是灵活的，他们对新的或意想不到的机会持开放态度。)”可知，满足感强的学生对实现目标的期望是灵活的，且对新出现的情况持开放的态度， 由此可知，这些满足感强的学生可能会在必要的时候调整自己的期望，继续前进。故选A项。
12、答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Academic demands are a key surce f stress fr cllege students. （学业要求是大学生压力的主要来源。）”以及第三段中的“Maintaining friendships and balancing scial demands with academics is anther key surce f stress fr cllege students. （维持友谊、平衡学业与社交需求是大学生压力的另一个主要来源。）”并结合文章对大学生主要来源的分析可知，本文主要讲述的是大学生压力的主要来源及其影响。故选B项。
13、答案：①-⑤FGBDA
解析：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当前牡蛎的数量大量减少，鉴于牡蛎的作用，Suth Carlina寻求保护牡蛎的措施，以增长牡蛎数量。
①根据空后的“T help maintain existing habitats, the state requires licenses fr the harvesting f shellfish and cntrls where and when the harvesting activity can take place.(为了帮助维持现有的栖息地，该州要求获得捕捞贝类的许可证，并控制捕捞活动的地点和时间。)”可知，为保护牡蛎的栖息地，某州作出了一些具体的要求；由the state可知，此空处应出现the state相关的内容，F选项“Suth Carlina is actively wrking t restre and sustain its wild ysters(南卡罗来纳州正在积极恢复和维持其野生牡蛎)”中的Suth Carlina为空后the state，且与空后内容吻合。故选F项。
②根据空后的“They serve as anchrs t which babies can attach themselves. Returning shells t the state’s rivers ensures that any larvae (幼虫) lking fr a hme can find smething t which they can be attached.(它们充当锚，牡蛎幼虫可以把自己固定在上面。将贝壳放回该州的河流中，可以确保任何寻找家园的幼虫都能找到可以依附的东西。)”可知，此处讲述的是贝壳对繁育后代的重要性，G选项“Oyster shells, bth live and dead, prvide the main habitat fr the next generatin(活的和死的牡蛎壳为下一代提供了主要的栖息地)”内容概括了本段主题，其中的Oyster shells与空后的they所指内容一致。故选G项。
③根据空前的“Oysters gather tgether as part f their natural life cycle, frming reefs that prvide the habitat fr fish, crabs, and ther small cean creatures.(作为自然生命周期的一部分，牡蛎会聚集在一起，形成珊瑚礁，为鱼类、螃蟹和其他小型海洋生物提供栖息地。)”可知，牡蛎为一些小的海洋生物提供了栖息场所，B选项“These little tiny fish need smewhere t hide(这些小鱼需要找个地方躲起来)”符合题意，选项中的these little tiny fish与空后的ther small cean creatures吻合。故选B项。
④根据空后的“Turists want t g t beautiful and clean beaches, cme ut n bat trips, and see dlphins.(游客们想去美丽干净的海滩，乘船旅行，看海豚。)”可知，此处讲述的是游客们的需求，由此可知，空处讲述的内容与牡蛎与旅游业发展相关，D选项“Even the lcal turism industry relies n this effect f ysters(甚至当地的旅游业也依赖牡蛎的这种影响)”讲述的是牡蛎对当地旅游业的影响，内容与空后内容一致。故选D项。
⑤分析该空所在句子结构可知，逗号后“it’s ging t be a lng time befre we get enugh recruitment (增长) in the yster ppulatin t keep it sustainable.(我们还需要很长一段时间才能增长足够的牡蛎的数量来保持它的可持续发展。)”讲述的是牡蛎数量增长要很长时间，且空后是一个完整的句子，所以此空处应为带有连词的句子，或短语，A选项“Once we lse that natural shell base(一旦失去了天然的壳基)”为连词nce引导的状语从句，且内容与空后内容衔接。故选A项。
14、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的职业生涯已经有10年了，作为一名生物学教授，我愉快地从事着我的研究， 突然发生了一件不寻常的事情，我不得不把中心转移到教授本科课程上。A.add添加；B.shift使转移；C. return归还；D.narrw使缩小。根据上文“smething unusual happened”可知，发生了一件不寻常的事情， 作者原本享受着研究工作的乐趣，但不得不去教授本科课程，因此应该是不得不转移中心，shift ne's fcus t是固定短语，意为“把中心转移到”。故选B。
15、答案：D
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了贴近研究世界，我开始在本科课程中加入期刊文章，期待对最新发现 进行热烈的讨论。A.keep away frm远离；B.lk back n回顾；C.get dwn t开始做某事，；D.stay clse t 贴近。根据下文“I began t include jurnal articles in my undergraduate curse”可知，作者在本科课程中加入 期刊文章，因此是为了贴近原本喜爱的研究世界。故选D。
16、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了贴近研究世界，我开始在本科课程中加入期刊文章，期待对最新发现进行 热烈的讨论。A.hlding持有；B.preparing准备；C.expecting期待；D.ignring忽略。根据上文“It was hard t drp a research prgram that had defined my career and fueled(激发)my passins.”可知，作者非常喜欢研究 项目，对此满怀激情，因此会期待对最新发现进行热烈的讨论。故选C。
17、答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的学生很少深入钻研论文。A.Hwever然而：B.Besides 此外：C.Otherwise 否则：D.Therefre因此。根据下文“my students rarely dived int(钻研) the papers fully”可知，作者的学生很少深入钻研论文，和上文作者期待的热烈讨论形成转折，因此应用Hwever“然而”。故选A。
18、答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的学生适应了记忆事实，但他们缺乏深入理解结论是如何得出的。A.mved 感动的；B.patient 耐心的；C.bred无聊的；D.cmfrtable舒适的。根据下文“but they lacked deep understanding f hw the cnclusins were drawn”可知，作者的学生缺乏深入理解如何得出结论，由此推知 他们已经适应了记忆事实，be cmfrtable with是固定短语，意为“对……感到舒适”，指对某人或某事物 感到舒适、自在或适应。故选D。
19、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究的独创性——我最喜欢做科学家的地方——在他们身上丢失了。A.hidden 隐藏：B.reflected 反映：C.lst丢失：D.fund发现。根据上文“my students rarely dived int(钻研) the papers fully”可知，作者的学生很少深入钻研论文，因此是丢失了研究的独创性。故选C。
20、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这改变了我的教学方式。A.lived生活；B.thught思考；C.searched 搜索；D.taught 教学。根据下文“I spent multiple classes decnstructing a single paper with my students”可知，作者花精力去 和学生解构论文，因此是改变了教学的方式。故选D。
21、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了好几节课和我的学生一起解构一篇论文，分析每张图和表。A.analyzing 分析：B.drawing画画：C.editing编辑：D.memrizing记忆。根据上文“decnstructing a single paper”可知， 作者在花精力去解构论文，因此是分析论文里的每张图和表。故选A。
22、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人犹豫了，“我没有创造力。”A.hped希望；B.hesitated犹豫；C.decided 决定；D.pretended假装。根据下文“I'm nt creative.”可知，有些人认为自己没有创造力，因此会在作者想要激发他们创造力的时候犹豫。故选B。
23、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在参加了一些小组讨论之后，学生们改变了他们的态度。A.attitudes态度；B.tasks 任务： C. methds 方法： D. plans 计划。根据下文“They argued ___11__ abut which ideas were better. expressing surprise when ther grups made different chices.”可知，作者的学生开始争论观点，尊重不同的选择，因此是改变了态度。故选A。
24、答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们热情地争论哪个想法更好，当其他小组做出不同的选择时，他们表示惊喜。 A.angrily 愤怒地；B.jkingly开玩笑地；C.prudly自豪地；D.passinately热情地。根据上文“They were amazed by the variety f fllw-up studies their classmates had thught up.”可知，学生想出各种各样的后续研究，已经开始发挥自己的钻研精神，因此是热情地讨论想法。故选D。
25、答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋地看到每个学生都致力于一个想法，在这个过程中发现了他们自己 创造的能力。A.excited兴奋的；B.curius好奇的；C.inspired激动人心的；D.grateful感激的。根据下文 “t see each student cmmit t an idea”可知，作者看到的是每个学生都致力于一个想法，因此作为老师会 感到兴奋。故选A。
26、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋地看到每个学生都致力于一个想法，在这个过程中发现了他们自己创造的能力。A.cncentratin专心；B.bservatin观察；C.inventin创造；D.devtin奉献。根据上文学生从一开始的对钻研不感兴趣，到后来的想出各种各样的后续研究，热情地讨论想法可知，在这个过程中他 们发现了自己创造的能力。故选C。
27、答案：B
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我真正想让我的学生做的是发展他们自己的创造力，挖掘他们的想象力。A. shw ff炫耀；B.tap int 挖掘：C.depend n依赖；D.check ut检查。根据上文“t develp their wn inventiveness”可知，作者希望学生发展他们的创造力，tap int“挖掘”符合语境，和发展创造力契合，表示挖掘想象力。故选B。
28、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望他们从自己的创造力中学到的知识将成为永恒的知识。A.perfrmance表现；B.prgress进步；C.creativity创造力；D.adventure冒险。根据上文作者改变教学方式，激发学生对探究的热情和内在创造力可知，作者珍视的是从创造力中学到的知识。故选C。
29、答案：①Treated②reprtedly③what④lying⑤decided⑥riginal⑦int⑧and⑨mice⑩t keep
解析：
30、答案：arising
解析：
31、答案：equipping
解析：根据题干要求，本题需要表达“然而，相对贫困并不妨碍马丁____良好的教育”这一语义，结合首字母e，应填equip，equip neself with sth. 用某物装备自己，frm是介词，后接动词ing形式。因此本题答案是“equipping”。
32、答案：dating
解析：
33、答案：extended
解析：
34、答案：artificial
解析：考查形容词。句意：最难以忍受的是女老板做作的微笑。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为形容词artificial“人为的；不真挚的，矫揉造作的”作定语修饰smile，满足句意要求。故填artificial。
35、答案：amateurs
解析：根据句意“比赛中有一些专业人员，但大多数是热情的业余爱好者”，此处应填“业余爱好者”，amateur意为“业余爱好者”，是可数名词，前面没有限定词，所以此处用复数形式，故答案是amateurs。
36、答案：applause
解析：根据句意和首字母提示可知该空表示掌声，就是名词applause。applause表示掌声，是不可数名词，故答案是applause.
37、答案：cmmitted
解析：根据句意及首字母可知，此处表示“致力于”，应用动词cmmit；本句为主系表结构，此处应为非谓语动词作后置定语，主语a cuntry与动词cmmit之间为主动关系，所以用过去分词cmmitted，故填cmmitted.
38、答案：
One pssible versin:
Last Friday, ur schl rganized an educatinal uting with the purpse f bradening students’ perspectives, cultivating their abilities and increasing their cultural literacy.
During the activity, we hiked thrugh cuntryside, visited sme villages, and admired the breathtaking scenery. Als we participated in utdr games and team-building activities, which helped us learn t wrk tgether and imprve ur cmmunicatin skills.
Overall, the uting was a valuable experience, where we gained a better understanding f the wrld arund us. What’s mre, we were able t develp a sense f respnsibility twards the envirnment.
One pssible versin:
In rder t ffer students a platfrm t learn and explre in a natural envirnment and enhance their teamwrk as well as prblem-slving skills, ur schl rganized an educatinal uting fr students last Friday.
The activity included hiking in the nearby muntains, bserving wildlife and plants, and participating in team-building games. The students als had a chance t set up tents and ck their wn meals, which allwed them t experience living in the utdrs.
The educatinal uting was a great success, prviding a memrable and valuable experience fr all participants. Teachers were impressed by the students’ enthusiasm and willingness t learn.
解析：
39、答案：
The little party had reached an pen space in the wds. When her cmpanins ran abut enjying themselves, Susan sat n the grass, reflecting n what she had cheated her grandmther and wishing she were at hme admitting her fault. After a while Rse cried ut, “Let us make a crwn f flwers, and put it n the head f the best girl here.” Sn the crwn was finished. All the girls agreed Susan was the best girl bth in schl and at hme and she deserved it, s they decided she was t wear it.
“Nw, Susan,” said Rse, “Put n the crwn f flwers, fr yu are t be ur queen.” As these wrds were spken, the crwn was placed n her head. In a mment she tk it ff, and threw it n the grund, saying, “N crwn fr me; I d nt deserve it.” The girls lked at with their muths pen in surprise. “I have cheated my grandmther,” said she, tears flwing dwn her cheeks. Quickly Susan left the ther girls, went back hme aplgizing t her grandmther. “Susan,” said her grandmther, “I am s happy yu have realized yur fault, and yu are still my wn little girl!”
解析：
40、答案：chked
解析：根据题干可知，这里需要填入一个语义为“哽咽”的形容词来修饰后面的名词vice，因此可以填入chked。
41、答案：participating
解析：根据汉语提示，用动词participate表示参加，本句的主语是wmen，谓语是are finding，所以这里的participate是非谓语动词，participate和wmen之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词participating，故答案是participating.
42、答案：disabilities
解析：根据括号内词义，"残疾"可译为disability，是可数名词，根据语境要用复数形式。故填：disabilities。
43、答案：phenmena
解析：根据题干可知，此处需要填写“现象”的名词形式，而phenmenn是现象的名词形式，因为其为可数名词，所以需要用复数形式，故答案为“phenmena”。
44、答案：unintentinally
解析：
45、答案：pririties
解析：pririty：优先事项，可数名词，ne f+可数名词复数，故填pririties。
46、答案：cruelty
解析：空格处为名词作f的宾语，结合句意和中文意思，cruelty（残忍）符合语境，固定搭配be accused f sth.被指控某事，故填此答案。
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