统考版2024届高考英语二轮专项分层特训卷阅读理解保分练七主旨大意题__文章大意段落大意类（附解析）

这是一份统考版2024届高考英语二轮专项分层特训卷阅读理解保分练七主旨大意题__文章大意段落大意类（附解析），共4页。
In additin t the prblem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted, especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries. The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (联系) between literate and nn­literate scieties such as these, all ur first­hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin,__we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A．Hw past events shuld be presented. B．What humanity is cncerned abut.
C．Whether facts speak luder than wrds. D．Why written language is reliable.
2．What des the authr indicate by mentining Captain Ck in paragraph 2?
A．His reprt was scientific. B．He represented the lcal peple.
C．He ruled ver Btany Bay. D．His recrd was ne­sided.
3．What des the underlined wrd “cnversatin” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Prblem. B．Histry.
C．Vice. D．Sciety.
4．Which f the fllwing bks is the text mst likely selected frm?
A．HwMapsTellStriesftheWrld B．AShrtHistryfAustralia
C．AHistryftheWrldin 100 Objects D．HwArtWrksTellStries
(B)
[2023·沈阳市高三质检]Lneliness is significant mental health cncern and can raise the risk f death by 45% and cntact with nature in cities significantly reduces feelings f lneliness, accrding t a team f scientists.
The study is the first t assess hw the envirnment can affect lneliness. It used real­time data, cllected via a smartphne app, rather than relying n peple's memry f hw they were feeling.
The research fund that feelings f vercrwding increased lneliness by an average f 30%. But when peple were able t see trees r hear birds, feelings f lneliness fell by 28%. Feelings f scial inclusin als cut lneliness by 21% and when these feelings cincided (同时发生) with cntact with nature, the beneficial effect was bsted by a further 18%.
The findings pinted t interventins t reduce lneliness. The researchers said, “Specific measures that increase scial inclusin and cntact with nature shuld be taken, especially in thickly ppulated cities.” Time spent in nature is knwn t bst well­being, with wdland walks estimated t save the UK at least ￡185 millin a year in mental health csts, fr example.
The research cllected data frm urban citizens acrss the wrld using the Urban Mind research app. Mre than 750 peple prvided 16, 600 f these assessments. The participants were self­selecting s it did nt prvide a representative sample f the wider ppulatins. But when the researchers tk age, educatin, and ccupatins int accunt, the benefits f nature cntact and feelings f scial inclusin n lneliness remained strngly statistically significant. Jhanna Gibbns, part f the research team, said, “Cities are prbably the nly habitat that is increasing at a high rate. S we shuld be creating urban habitats where peple can thrive (兴旺发达).”
5．Hw was the research cnducted?
A．By relying n peple's memry.
B．By surveying 750 urban participants.
C．By cllecting data thrugh a smartphne app.
D．By checking a wrldwide representative sample.
6．What can we learn frm Paragraph 4?
A．Many big cities take the lead in the research.
B．Time spent indrs imprves peple's well­being.
C．Wdland walks greatly reduce scial cntact with peple.
D．Interventins t reduce lneliness benefit the UK financially.
7．What can be inferred abut the research?
A．It ffers a wide range f samples glbally.
B．The findings are statistically remarkable.
C．The carefully selected participants are reliable.
D．Three ther factrs are cnsidered except educatin.
8．What's the text mainly abut?
A．The mental prblems f living in big cities.
B．Develping urban habitats at high speed.
C．Research n hw t get rid f lneliness in nature.
D．Reducing lneliness in cities via cntact with nature.
阅读理解保分练（七）
（A）
语篇类型：议论文 主题语境：人与社会——历史叙事——讨论书面文本及无文字社会的重要性
【文章大意】 本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。
1．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate （有文字的） scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things. （如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文学记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用物件来记录他们所关心的事情。）”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。
2．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段首句“Ideally a histry wuld bring tgether texts and bjects, and sme chapters f this bk are able t d just that, but in many cases we simply can't. （理想情况下，历史应该将文本和物品结合在一起，本书的某些章节能够做到这一点，但在许多情况下，我们根本做不到。）”可推断，作者认为历史应该是文本和物品相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“Frm the English side, we have scientific reprts and the captain's recrd f that terrible day. Frm the Australian side, we have nly a wden shield （盾） drpped by a man in flight after his first experience f gunsht. （从英国方面来看，我们有科学报告和船长对那可怕的一天的记录。从澳大利亚方面来看，我们只有一个木制盾牌，这是一名男子在第一次经历枪击后在飞行中扔下的。）”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。故选D。
3．答案与解析：B 词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact （联系） between literate and nn­literate scieties such as these, all ur first­hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. （加勒比海的泰诺人、澳大利亚的土著人、贝宁的非洲人以及印加人，所有这些人都出现在这本书中，他们现在都可以通过他们制造的物品向我们讲述他们过去最强大的成就：通过物品讲述的历史给了他们一个话语权。当我们考虑诸如此类的有文化社会和无文化社会之间的接触时，我们所有的第一手资料都必然是扭曲的，只有对话的一半。）”结合划线句“If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects. （如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。）”可知，我们对过去历史的了解，只是书写历史的人所想要让我们了解的历史，如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文本也要读物品。所以cnversatin指的是“历史”。故选B。
4．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt.（如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。）”结合最后一段的“If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects. （如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。）”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。
（B）
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——自然与健康——在城市中接触大自然可以在很大程度上减少人们的孤独感
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“It used real­time were feeling”可知，这项研究使用的是通过手机应用软件搜集到的实时数据。故选C项。
6．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，研究结果指向了对减少孤独感的干预。据估计，林地散步每年至少可以为英国节省1.85亿英镑的心理健康成本。由此可知，英国对减少孤独感的干预让其在金融方面获益。故选D项。
7．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But when the statistically significant”可知，当研究人员将年龄、教育和职业考虑在内时，接触大自然和社会包容感对（减少）孤独感的好处在统计学上依然非常显著。由此可推知，这项调研结果从统计学上来说是显著的。故选B项。
8．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。浏览全文可知，本文主要讲述了一项研究结果，该研究表明城市里的人们接触大自然可以在很大程度上减少他们的孤独感。故选D项。