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2024成都七中高一上学期12月月考英语试题含解析
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这是一份2024成都七中高一上学期12月月考英语试题含解析，文件包含四川省成都市第七中学2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题含解析docx、四川省成都市第七中学2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：120分钟 满 分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选岀最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the man want t d?
A. Reserve a cheap htel. B. G t Mexic n business. C. Relax and enjy himself.
2. What will the wman get?
A. Carpet cleaner. B. A paper twel. C. A glass f wine.
3. What is the wman?
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. An assistant.
4. Where are the speakers headed?
A. T a swimming pl. B. T a beach. C. T a restaurant.
5. Why is the museum f great significance?
A. It’s a museum fr ld art.
B. It will be built n a small island.
C. It’s the first f its kind in Indnesia.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Hw much des an entrance ticket cst?
A. Tw dllars. B. Five dllars. C. Seven dllars.
7. Hw des the wman pay?
A. In cash. B. By cheque. C. By credit card.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。
8. Where did the tmat sauce cme frm?
A. A lcal farm.
B. A stre nly five miles away.
C. The man’s wn yard.
9. What des the wman think f cking?
A. She enjys it.
B. It makes her feel creative.
C. She desn’t have the patience fr it.
听第 8 段材料，回 答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Neighbrs.
11. Where did the man g t cllege?
A. In Washingtn.
B. In Texas.
C. In Nebraska.
12. What is the wman’s jb?
A. She is an artist.
B. She is a banker.
C. She is a cmputer prgrammer.
听第 9 段材料，回 答第 13 至 16 题。
13. What did Fitbit say abut the recent study?
A. It was false.
B. It hurt their business.
C. They made n cmment.
14.When des the man use his Fitbit?
A. Only when he’s exercising.
B. During the daytime.
C. All the time.
15. What des the man think f his Fitbit?
A. It’s f little use.
B. It’s f gd value.
C. It’s smetimes uncmfrtable t wear.
16. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Interested. B. Bred. C. Upset.
听第 10 段材料， 回 答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. A search engine.
B. A language prgram.
C. An nline dictinary.
18. Hw many peple use Duling currently?
A. Over ne hundred millin.
B. A few hundred thusand.
C. Several thusand.
19. Where is Luis vnAhn frm?
A. Switzerland.
B. Guatemala.
C. Csta Rica.
20. Hw was Duling riginally funded?
A. By big websites.
B. By an actr.
C. By schl.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每题 2. 5 分，满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcme t ur stand-up cmedy classes
This is the wrkshp where beginners have grwn int headliners and headliners have grwn int stars. Our wrkshp stresses stand-up cmedy writing and perfrming — the tw key cmpnents f stand-up cmedy.
Our classes are cnducted by award-winning, cmedy directr and writer Stephen Rsenfield and his stand-up staff. They are cnducted s that when it’s time fr yur club perfrmance, yu will have slidly written, funny material and yu will be well rehearsed and ready t perfrm beynd yur expectatins. These stand-up cmedy classes are ffered t bth beginners and advanced students. The wrkshp cnsists f grup classes, private caching sessins and a perfrmance at Gtham r West Side Cmedy Club.
Seats available: 2
Start date: May 17th
In-persn shw: May 20th at Gtham Cmedy Club
Live streamed shw: May 22nd n YuTube
Fees:
If yu are a first time student: $410. If yu are a returning student: $350.
We accept cash, checks r credit cards.
Yur instructr: Becky Veducci
Becky has been a prfessinal cmedian, writer and actress fr ver 15 years. She has perfrmed stand-up cmedy in New Yrk, Ls Angeles, Las Vegas and Lndn. Besides, she has appeared in cmmercials, theater and feature films. And she cmpeted in the 2018 seasn f America’s GtTalent.
Her film wrks include Return t Me, Maid in Manhattan and Randm Hearts. As a writer, she was chsen as ne f Parenting. cm’s tp five “Favrite Mmmy Blggers” fr her humrus articles n the website. In 2015, she wn the New Yrk Press Club Award fr humrus writing. As an instructr, Becky has taught stand-up cmedy t every age grup — frm elementary schl kids and teenagers t university students and adults. She believes everyne has a cmedic vice.
1. What can be learned abut the wrkshp?
A. There are three seats left at present.B. It fcuses n bth writing and acting.
C. There are nline shws n May 20th.D. It is specially designed fr headliners.
2. Hw much will a returning student save n the fee?
A. $10.B. $50.C. $60.D. $80.
3 What can we say abut Becky?
A. She is an experienced perfrmer.B. She cntributes a lt t magazines.
C. She became an vernight success.D. She hsted America’s Gt Talent.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个单口戏剧研讨班。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Our wrkshp stresses stand-up cmedy writing and perfrming — the tw key cmpnents f stand-up cmedy.(我们的研讨班强调单口喜剧的写作和表演，这是单口喜剧的两个关键组成部分。)”可知，研讨班专注于写作和表演。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fees部分中“If yu are a first time student: $410. If yu are a returning student: $350.(如果你是新生：410美元。如果你是老生：350美元。)”可知，老生可以节省60美元的学费。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Yur instructr: Becky Veducci部分中“Becky has been a prfessinal cmedian, writer and actress fr ver 15 years. She has perfrmed stand-up cmedy in New Yrk, Ls Angeles, Las Vegas and Lndn. Besides, she has appeared in cmmercials, theater and feature films. And she cmpeted in the 2018 seasn f America’s GtTalent.(贝基是一个专业的喜剧演员，作家和演员超过15年。她曾在纽约、洛杉矶、拉斯维加斯和伦敦表演单口喜剧。此外，她还出演过广告、戏剧和故事片。她参加了2018年的美国达人秀。)”和“Her film wrks include Return t Me, Maid in Manhattan and Randm Hearts. (她的电影作品包括《回到我身边》、《曼哈顿少女》和《随机的心》。)”可推知，Becky是一位经验丰富的演员。故选A项。
B
I was driving when my phne alerted me t a new email. Filled with eager anticipatin, I pulled ver, turned n my hazard lights, and pened it. My emtins quickly changed as I learned, fr the sixth and final time, that I had been denied a prmtin t full prfessr. My institutin didn’t seem t value what I brught t the table. But when I tld my family that night, my children ffered a surprisingly psitive respnse. They were excited t see what I was ging t d next, they said. They apparently knew lng befre I did that lsing my bid fr a prmtin wuld turn ut t be the best thing that culd have happened fr me.
This had been the final step in a lng prcess spanning 15 mnths and invlving s much effrt. I had started by studying successful prmtin bids and asking senir schlars fr frank discussins abut my readiness. I had carefully prepared my applicatin packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. Fr mre than a year, I had spent hurs every day trying t prve my wrth t my university.
T my surprise, having a final answer brught a welcme sense f clsure. As a first step tward healing, I decided t priritize my wn values and fllw my wn internal cmpass. I discnnected frm peple in my life wh vilated my values, cultivated my relatinships with thse wh share my pririties and bring ut the best in me, and spent mre time with my family. I funded a nnprfit that helps first-generatin and lw-incme students and yung prfessinals advance in the wrkfrce while serving their cmmunity. The initiative had lng been a dream f mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and prmtin dn’t reward such effrts. Nw, such cnsideratins were n lnger my Nrth Star.
Five mnths after that email frm tp leadership, I fund myself in the car again, experiencing anther career-defining mment. I may have lst my bid fr a big prmtin, but in the end, it brught me t the right place.
4. What did the authr feel after he read the email?
A. Anxius and annyed.B. Embarrassed and ashamed.
C. Relieved and peaceful.D. Disappinted and srrwful.
5. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A. What cntributins the writer had made.B. What preparatins the writer had made.
C. Hw successful the career had been.D. Hw tiring the prcess had been.
6. Which f the fllwing wuld the writer prbably agree with?
A. Success is mre than a title r a rank.
B. One’s internal cmpass is t be develped.
C. Serving the cmmunity may heal a brken heart.
D. One’s real value first lies in his family interactin.
7. What can be the best title fr the text?
A Emails: my Nrth Star
B. Full prfessr: a duble-edged swrd
C. A career setback becmes a great pprtunity
D. An academic career witnesses a failed prmtin
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在自己多次申请正教授被拒后，思想方面发生了转变，以及最后找到另一份更好的工作的经历。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Filled with eager anticipatin, I pulled ver, turned n my hazard lights, and pened it. My emtins quickly changed as I learned, fr the sixth and final time, that I had been denied a prmtin t full prfessr. My institutin didn’t seem t value what I brught t the table.(我满怀期待地把车停在路边，打开危险灯，打开车门。当我第六次也是最后一次得知自己被拒绝晋升为正教授时，我的情绪迅速发生了变化。我所在的机构似乎并不看重我带来的东西。)”可知，作者满怀期待打开邮件，却发现自己再一次被拒绝，由此可推知，作者读完邮件之后的心情应该是失望的和悲伤的。故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“This had been the final step in a lng prcess spanning 15 mnths and invlving s much effrt. I had started by studying successful prmtin bids and asking senir schlars fr frank discussins abut my readiness. I had carefully prepared my applicatin packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. Fr mre than a year, I had spent hurs every day trying t prve my wrth t my university.(这是一个长达15个月的漫长过程的最后一步，涉及了如此多的努力。我从研究成功的晋升案例开始，并请资深学者坦率地讨论我的准备情况。我仔细准备了我的申请材料，总结了我在职业生涯中取得的所有成就。在一年多的时间里，我每天都花几个小时来证明我对学校的价值。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了作者做了怎样的准备。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The initiative had lng been a dream f mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and prmtin dn’t reward such effrts. Nw, such cnsideratins were n lnger my Nrth Star.(这个计划一直是我的梦想，但我从未追求过，因为典型的学术招聘和晋升不会奖励这种努力。现在，这样的考虑不再是我的北极星。)”和文章最后一段“I may have lst my bid fr a big prmtin, but in the end, it brught me t the right place.(我可能失去了一次大的晋升机会，但最终，它把我带到了正确的地方。)”可推知，作者可能会同意成功不仅仅是一个头衔或地位。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Five mnths after that email frm tp leadership, I fund myself in the car again, experiencing anther career-defining mment. I may have lst my bid fr a big prmtin, but in the end, it brught me t the right place.(收到那封来自高层领导的电子邮件五个月后，我发现自己又坐在车里，经历了另一个职业生涯的决定性时刻。我可能失去了一次大的晋升机会，但最终，它把我带到了正确的地方。)”和全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者在自己多次申请正教授被拒后，思想方面发生了转变，以及最后找到另一份更好的工作的经历。由此可知，C项：A career setback becmes a great pprtunity(事业上的挫折会变成一次绝好的机会)是最好的标题。故选C。
C
Like many teenagers, I was nce trubled by anxiety and dissatisfactin-feelings that my parents ften met with puzzlement rather than sympathy. They were already in their 50s, and having grwn up in pstwar Britain, they struggled t understand the surces f my discntentment.
“The prblem with yur generatin is that yu always desire t be happy.” my mther nce said. I was puzzled. Surely happiness was the purpse f living, and we shuld spare n effrts t achieve it at every pprtunity. I simply wasn’t prepared t accept my unhappiness as smething that was beynd my cntrl.
But I have nticed a shift in thinking, and I am nw cming t the cnclusin that my mther’s judgement was spt n. Over the past 10 years, numerus studies have shwn that ur bsessin (痴迷) with happiness and high persnal cnfidence may be making us less cntent with ur lives, and less effective at reaching ur actual gals. Indeed, we may ften be happy when we stp fcusing n happiness altgether.
While greater cntentment is achievable, dn’t expect miracle, and accept that n matter hw hard yu try, feeling f frustratin and unhappiness will appear frm time t time. In reality, certain negative feelings can serve a useful purpse.
When we feel sad, it’s ften because we have learned smething painful but imprtant, while stress can mtivate yu t make sme changes t yur life. The last thing yu shuld d is t blame yurselves fr ccasinally feeling bad when plans dn’t wrk ut.
Eventually, yu might adpt the ld saying “Prepare fr the wrst, hpe fr the best and be unsurprised by everything in between.” As my mther tried t teach me all thse years ag, ease the pressure ff yurself. and yu may find that cntentment arrives when yu’re least expecting it.
8. Which f the fllwing best explain “spt n” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A. Cnfusing.B. Crrect.C. Ridiculus.D. Cntrversial.
9. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing mainly leads t teenager’ unhappiness?
A. High expectatins.
B. Lw living-purpses.
C. Inadequate effrts.
D. Imprper preparatins.
10. Which f the fllwing statements is the authr mst likely l agree with?
A. Stress in yur life will prbably ruin yur happiness and life.
B. Higher persnal cnfidence makes us mre satisfied with ur life.
C. Yu needn’t be guilty f feeling awful since yu may learn a lt frm it.
D. If we try hard, feelings f frustratin and unhappiness will disappear frm ur life.
11. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Can we benefit frm negative feelings?
B. Why it’s time t stp fighting fr happiness?
C. Hw can we vercme ur unhappiness?
D. Can we generatin be happier than ur parents?
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者分享了自己对母亲的观点“年轻一代的问题在于总是期待快乐”，由疑惑到赞同的转变过程。作者还指出，负面情绪是生活必不可少的一部分，我们需要做的是放松心态，或许能在期待最少的时候获得最想要的满足。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“'The prblem with yur generatin is that yu always desire t be happy.' my mther nce said. I was puzzled.(“你们这一代人的问题在于，你们总是渴望快乐。”我母亲曾经说。我很困惑。)”可知，作者当时并不赞同母亲的话。而根据前文“But I have nticed a shift in thinking”可知，作者的观念发生了改变，也就是作者认同了母亲的看法，觉得母亲的话是正确的。所以spt n为“正确的”之意。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Over the past 10 years, numerus studies have shwn that ur bsessin (痴迷)with happiness and high persnal cnfidence may be making us less cntent with ur lives, and less effective at reaching ur actual gals.(在过去的10年里，大量的研究表明，我们对幸福的痴迷和高度的个人自信可能会让我们对自己的生活不满意，也会降低我们实现实际目标的效率。)”以及第四段“While greater cntentment is achievable, dn’t expect miracle, and accept that n matter hw hard yu try, feeling f frustratin and unhappiness will appear frm time t time. (虽然更大的满足感是可以实现的，但不要期待奇迹，要接受无论你多么努力尝试，挫败感和不快感还是会时不时地出现。)”可推断，过高的期待会让我们不开心。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“When we feel sad, it’s ften because we have learned smething painful but imprtant, while stress can mtivate yu t make sme changes t yur life. The last thing yu shuld d is t blame yurselves fr ccasinally feeling bad when plans dn’t wrk ut. (当我们感到悲伤时，通常是因为我们学到了一些痛苦但重要的东西，而压力可以激励你对你的生活做出一些改变。你最不应该做的事情就是当计划没有实现的时候，因为偶尔感觉不好而责备自己。)”可推断，作者认为我们无需内疚，因为我们从失败中学到了很多。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As my mther tried t teach me all thse years ag, ease the pressure ff yurself. and yu may find that cntentment arrives when yu’re least expecting it.(就像我母亲多年前教我的那样，减轻自己的压力。你可能会发现满足感会在你最意想不到的时候到来。)”及全文可知，作者分享了自己对母亲的观点“年轻一代的问题在于总是期待快乐”，由疑惑到赞同的转变过程。作者还指出，负面情绪是生活必不可少的一部分，我们需要做的是放松心态，或许能在期待最少的时候获得最想要的满足。所以“Why it’s time t stp fighting fr happiness?(为什么是时候停止为幸福而奋斗了?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
D
An artificial intelligence can decde (解码) wrds and sentences frm brain activity with surprising—thugh still limited—accuracy. Using nly a few secnds f brain activity data, the AI guesses what a persn has heard. It lists the crrect answer in its tp 10 pssibilities up t 73 percent f the time, researchers fund in a study.
Develped at the parent cmpany f Facebk, Meta, the AI culd eventually be used t help thusands f peple arund the wrld unable t cmmunicate thrugh speech, typing r gestures, researchers reprt n August 25 at arXiv.rg.
Mst existing technlgies t help such patients cmmunicate require risky brain surgeries t implant electrdes. This new apprach “culd prvide a practical path t help patients withut the use f invasive methds,” says neurscientist Jean-Rémi King, a Meta AI researcher in Paris.
King and his clleagues trained a cmputatinal tl t detect wrds and sentences n 56,000 hurs f speech recrdings frm 53 languages. The tl, als knwn as a language mdel, learned hw t recgnize specific features f language. With the help f a cmputatinal methd, the team tried t decde what participants had heard using just three secnds f brain activity data frm each persn. The team instructed the AI t match the speech sunds frm the stry recrdings t patterns f brain activity that the AI cmputed as crrespnding t what peple were hearing. It then made predictins abut what the persn might have been hearing during that shrt time, given mre than 1,000 pssibilities. The crrect answer was in the AI’s tp 10 guesses up t 73 percent f the time, the researchers fund.
The new study is “decding f speech perceptin, nt prductin,” King ntes. Thugh speech prductin is the ultimate gal, fr nw, “we’re quite a lng way away.”
12. What is the main idea f paragraph 1?
A. The principle f human brain activity.
B. The limitatin f human brain activity.
C. The definitin f the artificial intelligence.
D. The new functin f the artificial intelligence.
13. Whm might the AI be beneficial t?
A. Peple unable t hear.B. Peple wh can’t mve arund.
C. Peple wh are uncnscius.D. Peple unable t cmmunicate nrmally.
14. What is the purpse f paragraph 4?
A. T analyze the features f the study.B. T state the significance f the study.
C. T intrduce the prcess f the study.D. T present the achievement f the study.
15. What can we infer abut the AI frm the passage?
A. It perfrms well in the speech prductin.
B. Its accuracy is far frm the researchs’ satisfactin.
C. It will help patients avid dangerus brain surgeries.
D. Its language learning ability is beynd expectatin.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的新用途——可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，这可以用于帮助全世界数以千计无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“An artificial intelligence can decde (解码) wrds and sentences frm brain activity with surprising—thugh still limited—accuracy. Using nly a few secnds f brain activity data, the AI guesses what a persn has heard. It lists the crrect answer in its tp 10 pssibilities up t 73 percent f the time, researchers fund in a study.(人工智能可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，其准确性令人惊讶（尽管仍然有限）。只需要几秒钟的大脑活动数据，人工智能就能猜出一个人听到了什么。研究人员在一项研究中发现，正确答案出现在前10种可能性中的概率高达73% 。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了人工智能可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，这是人工智能的一项新功能，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Develped at the parent cmpany f Facebk, Meta, the AI culd eventually be used t help thusands f peple arund the wrld unable t cmmunicate thrugh speech, typing r gestures, researchers reprt August 25 at arXiv.rg.(8月25日，研究人员在 arXiv.rg 上作的报告称，这种人工智能由脸书的母公司Meta开发，最终可用于帮助全世界数以千计无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。)”可知，人工智能或许对不能正常交流的人有益，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“King and his clleagues trained a cmputatinal tl t detect wrds and sentences n 56,000 hurs f speech recrdings frm 53 the help f a cmputatinal methd, the team tried t decde what participants had heard using just three secnds f brain activity data frm each persn. The team instructed the AI t match the speech sunds frm the stry recrdings t patterns f brain activity...(King 和他的同事们训练了一个计算工具来检测来自53种语言的56000小时的语音记录中的单词和句子……在计算方法的帮助下，研究小组试图用每个人三秒钟的大脑活动数据解码参与者所听到的内容。研究小组指示人工智能将故事录音中的语音与大脑活动模式进行匹配……)”可推知，第四段的目的是介绍该研究的过程，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Mst existing technlgies t help such patients cmmunicate require risky brain surgeries t implant electrdes. This new apprach “culd prvide a practical path t help patients withut the use f invasive methds,” says neurscientist Jean-Rémi King, a Meta AI researcher in Paris.(大多数现有的技术，以帮助这些病人沟通需要危险的脑部手术植入电极。这种新方法“可以提供一种实用的途径来帮助病人而不需要使用侵入性的方法，”神经科学家 Jean-Rémi King说，他是巴黎的Meta AI研究员。)”可推知，人工智能技术不需要给病人脑部做手术植入电极，所以说它能帮助病人避免危险的脑部手术。故选C。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My, what a big beak yu have!
Fr humans, adapting t climate change will mstly be a matter f technlgy. Mre air cnditining, better-designed huses and bigger fld defenses may help t make the effects f a warmer wrld less harmful. ____16____ In a paper published in Trends & Evlutin, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shws that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bdies f many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears.
In sme species f Australian parrt, fr instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Anther study, this time in Nrth American dark-eyed juncs, anther bird, fund the same pattern. ____17____
All that is perfectly cnsistent with evlutinary thery. “Allen’s rule”, named fr Jel Asaph Allen, wh suggested it in 1877, hlds that warm-blded animals in ht places tend t have larger bdy parts than thse in temperate (温带的) regins. ____18____ Being richly filled with bld vessels, and nt cvered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place fr birds t get rid f heat. Fennec fxes, meanwhile, which are native t the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially cmpared with their Arctic cusins.
Ms. Ryding is nt the first researcher t take that apprach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, t prve that climate change was the cause f an anatmical (解剖学的) changes. All srts f ther factrs, frm changes in prey t the evlving reprductive preferences f males r females, might have been driving the changes. ____19____ The team cmbined data frm different species in different places. Since they have little in cmmn apart frm living n a warming planet, climate change is the mst reasnable explanatin.
____20____ That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evlutinary adaptatin cmes with trade-ffs (妥协), it is unclear hw far the prcess might g. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, fr instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cst mre energy t grw.
A. Hwever, lking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer.
B. Fr nw, at least, the increase is small, never much mre than 10%.
C. Animals will have t rely n changing their bdies r their behavirs.
D. It seems that the future wrld is ging t be htter than humans are used t.
E. Therefre, the negative effects f a warmer wrld are visible in these animals’ bdies.
F. Such adaptatins bst an animal’s surface area relative t its bdy, helping it t release extra heat.
G. Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species f mice and bats evlving bigger ears, legs and wings.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了地球变暖正在改变动物的外貌，如嘴巴变大。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Fr humans, adapting t climate change will mstly be a matter f technlgy. Mre air cnditining, better-designed huses and bigger fld defenses may help mitigate the effects f a warm wrld. (对人类来说，适应气候变化将主要是技术问题。更多的空调、更好设计的房屋和更大的防洪系统可能有助于缓解全球变暖的影响)”可知，人类依靠的是科学技术来适应气候变化。选项C“动物将不得不依靠改变它们的身体或行为（去适应）。”承接上文，说明和人类不同，动物要适应气候变化就只能依靠它们的身体和行为。从而引出下文对于动物适应气候变化发生的变化的讲述，上下文通顺合理。故选C项。
【17题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。上文“In sme species f Australian parrt, fr instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Anther study, this time in Nrth American dark-eyed juncs, anther bird, fund the same pattern. (例如，在一些澳大利亚鹦鹉中，自1871年以来，喙的大小增加了4%到10%。另一项研究，这次是在另一种鸟类北美黑眼鹦鹉中，发现了同样的模式)”列举了一些动物因为天气变暖，喙变大的例子。由此推知，空处承接上文，继续举例。选项G“哺乳动物也有类似的趋势，老鼠、鼩鼱和蝙蝠进化出更大的耳朵、尾巴、腿和翅膀”符合语境，是动物应对天气变化外貌发生变化的例子。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“‘Allen’s rule’, named fr Jel Asaph Allen, wh suggested it in 1877, hlds that warm-blded-animals in ht places tend t have larger appendages (附属物) than thse in less ht regins. (“艾伦法则”是以Jel Asaph Allen的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这一法则，认为在炎热地区的温血动物往往比在不那么炎热地区的动物有更大的附属物)”可知，炎热地区的温血动物往往长有更大的附属物，这是动物对气候的一种适应，选项F“这种适应性增加了动物相对于其身体体积的表面积，帮助它释放多余的热量。”解释了这种现象的产生原因。下文“Being richly filled with bld vessels, and nt cvered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place fr birds t get rid f heat. Fennec fxes, meanwhile, which are native t the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially cmpared with their Arctic cusins.( 喙拥有丰富的血管，没有绝缘羽毛覆盖，是鸟类散热的理想场所。又比如，与它们的北极近亲相比，原产于撒哈拉沙漠的芬内克狐狸有着惊人的大耳朵)”举例说明动物的这种适应性。上下文通顺合理。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“The team cmbined data frm different species in different places. (她的团队综合了来自不同地方不同物种的数据)”可知，团队综合了更多地方的数据，选项A“然而，从更大的角度来看，形式更清晰。”说明观察更多会更清楚地看到这种模式，符合语境，上下文通顺合理。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evlutinary adaptatin cmes with trade-ffs (妥协), it is unclear hw far the prcess might g. (随着气候变暖的加速，这种情况可能会改变。由于任何进化适应都会进行利弊权衡，因此尚不清楚这一过程会走多远)”可知，未来这种情况的变化，that指代上文提到的情况，选项B“至少就目前而言，增幅很小，从未超过10%。”说明现在的变化情况，上下文合理通顺，下文预测这种情况的发展,，且下文中的“That may change”指代选项B中的增长。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Five years ag, a friend asked me t lk after his cat while he went n hliday, and I realized the idea had ptential n a bigger scale. S I mved t Lndn and decided t ____21____ cat sitting.
Fr me, cat sitting is abut ____22____ tw grups f peple wh need what the ther can ffer. I get t stay in peple’s ____23____ withut rent while they’re n hliday. The wners get ____24____ cat sitting. It als means that there is smene t keep an eye n their hmes while they are away. It seems a fairer ____25____than just watering plants r walking dgs—I’m mre f a cat persn.
I have always lved cats, and their gentle temper makes them ideal ____26____fr smene wrking frm hme. Cats have such different persnalities, s it’s nt surprising that I ____27____ mre with sme than thers. An wner nce tld me nt t ____28____ her cat t sit n me, as it had happened nly nce. But just fur days later, the cat came ver and sat n my lap. I sent her a pht!
Cat sitting helps me with my ____29____ anxiety disrder t. I want t be arund peple, but smetimes I can’t. Smetimes, this anxiety even ____30____ me frm leaving the huse. But since becming a cat sitter my mental health has ____31____ . Having my wn ____32____ gives me the pwer t plan my day. I can recharge when I need t and can g ut and meet peple when I want. The cats have ____33____ helped.
Nw I have stayed in 25 huses, ____34____ 30 cats and saved mre than 10,000 punds that wuld have gne n ____35____ . One day I want t save up fr a flat s I can have a cat f my wn.
21. A. startB. studyC. bserveD. train
22. A. judgingB. cnnectingC. cmparingD. teaching
23. A. fficesB. heartsC. hmesD. lives
24. A. freeB. tughC. seriusD. pssible
25. A. testB. gameC. dreamD. exchange
26. A. emplyersB. assistantsC. instructrsD. cmpanins
27. A. likeB. bndC. mindD. trust
28. A. guideB. rderC. frceD. expect
29. A. musicalB. culturalC. scialD. persnal
30. A. savesB. discuragesC. prtectsD. tells
31. A. imprvedB. sufferedC. wrsenedD. helped
32. A. strengthB. spaceC. flatD. jb
33. A. hardlyB. nearlyC. hnestlyD. narrwly
34. A. attended tB. given awayC. brught upD. left ut
35. A. hlidayB. creditC. saleD. rent
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者通过帮助他人照顾猫，不仅克服了自己的社交焦虑障碍，还节省了房租。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我搬到了伦敦，决定开始替人照顾猫。A. start开始；B. study学习； C. bserve观察；D. train训练。根据上文“I realized the idea had ptential n a bigger scale”可知，作者决定开始替人照顾猫。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，照顾猫就是把两个需要对方所能提供的东西的人联系起来(各取所需)。A. judging判断；B. cnnecting联系； C. cmparing比较；D. teaching教。根据下文“I get t stay in peple’s___3___withut rent while they’re n hliday. The wners get___4___cat sitting”可知，照顾猫就是把两个需要对方所能提供的东西的人联系起来(各取所需)，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以在别人度假的时候免费住在他们家里。A. ffices办公室；B. hearts心；C. hmes家；D. lives生命。根据下文“while they’re n hliday”可知，作者在别人度假的时候免费住在他们家里帮他们照顾猫。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：主人可以免费请人来照顾猫。A. free免费的；B. tugh困难的；C. serius严肃的；D. pssible可能的。根据上文“withut rent”可推知，作者不付房租，主人也不用花钱请人来照顾猫，因此空格处是“免费的”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是比浇花或遛狗更公平的交换——我更喜欢猫。A. test测试；B. game游戏；C. dream梦；D. exchange交换。根据上文“I get t stay in peple’s___3___withut rent while they’re n hliday. The wners get___4___cat sitting. It als means that there is smene t keep an eye n their hmes while they are away”可知，别人请作者来照顾猫，作者省了房租，这是一种交换。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直很喜欢猫，它们温和的脾气使它们成为在家工作的人的理想伙伴。A. emplyers雇主；B. assistants助手；C. instructrs导师；D. cmpanins伙伴。根据上文“their gentle temper”可知，猫温和的脾气使它们成为在家工作的人的理想伙伴。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：猫有如此不同的性格，所以我和一些猫比其他猫更亲近也就不足为奇了。A. like喜欢；B. bnd（使）建立亲密关系；C. mind介意；D. trust信任。根据上文“Cats have such different persnalities”可知，句子表示“猫有如此不同的性格，所以我和一些猫比其他猫更亲近也就不足为奇了”。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位猫主人曾经告诉我，不要指望她的猫坐在我身上，因为这种事只发生过一次。A. guide指导；B. rder命令；C. frce强迫；D. expect指望。根据下文“as it had happened nly nce”可知，那位猫主人是告诉作者不要指望她的猫坐在作者身上，因为这种事只发生过一次。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：照顾猫也能帮助我缓解社交焦虑症。A. musical音乐的；B. cultural文化的；C. scial社交的；D. persnal个人的。根据下文“I want t be arund peple, but smetimes I can’t”可知，作者有社交焦虑症。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，这种焦虑甚至让我不敢出门。A. saves救；B. discurages阻碍；C. prtects保护；D. tells告诉。根据上文“I want t be arund peple, but smetimes I can’t”和“my___9___anxiety disrder”可知，社交焦虑甚至让作者不敢出门，空格处意为“阻碍”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但自从成为猫保姆后，我的心理健康状况有所改善。A. imprved改善；B. suffered遭受；C. wrsened恶化；D. helped帮助。根据下文“gives me the pwer t plan my day. I can recharge when I need t and can g ut and meet peple when I want”可知，自从作者成为猫保姆后，作者的心理健康状况有所改善。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥有自己的空间让我有能力计划我的一天。A. strength体力，力量；B. space空间；C. flat公寓；D. jb工作。根据上文“stay in peple’s___3___withut rent while they’re n hliday”可知，作者拥有自己的空间，拥有自己的空间让作者有能力计划作者的一天。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：猫真地帮了大忙。A. hardly几乎不；B. nearly将近；C. hnestly确实；D. narrwly刚好，勉强地。根据上文“since becming a cat sitter my mental health has___11___”可知，猫真的帮了大忙，空格处意为“真地、确实”。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我住过25个家庭，照顾过30只猫，省下了1万多英镑的钱，否则，这些钱只能欠着了。A. attended t照顾；B. given away赠送；C. brught up养大；D. left ut遗漏。根据上文“becming a cat sitter”可知，作者是照顾过30只猫。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我住过25个家庭，照顾过30只猫，省下了1万多英镑的钱，否则，这些钱只能欠着了。A. hliday假期；B. credit信贷； C. sale出售，销售；D. rent房租。根据前文“根据前文“I get t stay in peple’s hmes withut rent while they’re n hliday.”可知，此处是指省下了1万多英镑的房租。故选D。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On a recent Sunday afternn, 15 yung peple___36___ (lie) czily n clrful rugs and threw pillws arranged in a circle. Their eyes were clsed, sme with their legs ___37___ (stretch) frward and thers curled up, lking as if they were asleep. Kng Yi sat crss-legged befre them, using a special hammer t___38___ (gentle) hit metal bwls in frnt f her,___39___ (aruse) a sund that reverberated (回响) lng inside the quiet rm.
Fllwing Kng’s instructins, they participated in___40___ tw-hur sund healing and meditatin sessin. Listening t the slwly fading sunds f ancient musical instruments such as singing bwls and gngs, participants reached a deeper center and a semi-cnscius state, ___41___ they were led t imagine that they were talking t a wise man dressed ___42___ white and they culd ask questins and get answers frm him/her in half an hur.
“In that sessin, many peple asked the meaning f life but at the end everyne gt different answers frm the wise man — actually___43___ (they),” said Kng, wh runs a studi ffering healing curses incrprated with art frms like painting, music and dance.
Such spiritual, meditative___44___ (experience) that can lwer stress and anxiety and ease depressin have becme the latest ptin fr the cuntry’s stressed-ut yunger generatin seeking____45____ (relax) and inward explratin. “They get rid f sme thughts that are nt beneficial t life and feel relaxed at the end,” Kng said.
【答案】36. lay
37. stretched
38. gently 39. arusing
40. a 41. where
42. in 43. themselves
44. experiences
45 relaxatin
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Kng Yi指导学生参与的能够缓解压力、放松心情的声音治疗和冥想课程。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：最近一个周日的下午，15个年轻人舒服地躺在彩色地毯上，把枕头围成一个圈。根据时间状语On a recent Sunday afternn可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填lay。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们闭着眼睛，有的腿向前伸着，有的蜷缩着，看上去好像睡着了。介词with后接复合宾语，动词stretch和宾语之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作宾语补足语。故填stretched。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：Kng Yi盘腿坐在他们面前，用一把特制的锤子轻轻地敲着面前的金属碗，发出的声音在安静的房间里回荡了很长时间。修饰动词hit应用副词。故填gently。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语，动词aruse和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，表示结果。故填arusing。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在Kng的指导下，他们参加了两个小时的声音治疗和冥想课程。后文名词短语tw-hur sund healing and meditatin sessin是单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。连接辅音，故填a。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：听着碗锣等古老乐器慢慢远去的声音，参与者进入了更深的中心和半意识状态，在那里（这种状态下）他们被引导想象他们正在与一位白衣智者交谈，他们可以在半小时内提出问题并得到他/她的答案。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a deeper center and a semi-cnscius state，表示“在那里（这种状态下）”应用关系副词where引导从句，作抽象地点状语。故填where。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。in加颜色意思是穿上了什么颜色的衣服，符合句意。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：“在那堂课上，很多人都问了生命的意义，但最后每个人都从这位智者那里得到了不同的答案——实际上是他们自己，” Kng说，她经营着一家工作室，提供与绘画、音乐和舞蹈等艺术形式相结合的治疗课程。根据句意可知，此处表示接受对象就是主语自身，故用反身代词，作frm的宾语。故填themselves。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这种精神上的冥想体验可以减轻压力和焦虑，缓解抑郁，已经成为该国压力巨大的年轻一代寻求放松和内心探索的最新选择。根据句意和后文have可知，此处名词experience意为“体验”是可数名词，应用其复数作主语。故填experiences。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。此处应用其名词relaxatin(不可数)和后文inward explratin并列作seeking的宾语。故填relaxatin。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，是学校国学社的社长。伦敦孔子学院的学生来你校参加国学夏令营，请你在开营式上发言，内容包括：1. 表示欢迎；2. 介绍活动安排；3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数应为 80 左右，请按如下格式在答题卡上作答。2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。参考词汇：国学社 Sinlgy Club 孔子学院 Cnfucius Institute
Dear teachers, students and friends,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear teachers, students and friends,
I am hnred t deliver a speech at the pening ceremny n behalf f ur schl. Here we sincerely shw ur warm welcme t all the students frm the Lndn Cnfucius Institute.
During ur summer camp, we will recite Chinese classics and exchange pinins and feelings after reading them. Als we have arranged a visit t Cnfucius’s hme twn, which is intended t help us have a better understanding f Cnfucian culture.
I hpe every ne f us will learn mre abut Chinese ancient civilizatin and enjy yur stay here.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在国学夏令营开营式上发言，对伦敦孔子学院的学生表示欢迎，并介绍活动安排，表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
忠诚地：sincerely→truthfully
观点：pinin→idea
帮助：help→assist
希望：hpe→wish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：During ur summer camp, we will recite Chinese classics and exchange pinins and feelings after reading them.
拓展句：During ur summer camp, we will recite Chinese classics and exchange pinins and feelings after reading them, which will be very interesting.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am hnred t deliver a speech at the pening ceremny n behalf f ur schl. (运用了非谓语动词不定式在形容词后作状语)
【高分句型2】Als we have arranged a visit t Cnfucius’s hme twn, which is intended t help us have a better understanding f Cnfucian culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Meredith family lived in a small cmmunity. As the ecnmy was in decline, sme peple in the twn had lst their jbs. Many f their families were struggling t make ends meet. Peple were trying t help each ther meet the challenges.
Mrs. Meredith was a mst kind and thughtful wman. She spent a great deal f time visiting the pr. She knew they had prblems, and they needed all kinds f help. When she had time, she wuld bring fd and medicine t them.
One mrning she tld her children abut a family she had visited the day befre. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, wh tk care f him and culd nt g ut t wrk, and their little by. The little by -his name was Bernard-had interested her very much.
“I wish yu culd see him,” she said t her wn children, Jhn, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help t his mther. He wants very much t earn sme mney, but I dn't see what he can d.”
After their mther left the rm, the children sat thinking abut Bernard. “I wish we culd help him t earn mney,” said Clara. “His family is suffering s much.”
“S d I,” said Harry. “We really shuld d smething t assist them.”
Fr sme mments, Jhn said nthing, but, suddenly, he sprang t his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a slutin that we can all help accmplish(完成).”
The ther children als jumped up all attentin. When Jhn had an idea, it was sure t be a gd ne. “I tell yu what we can d,” said Jhn. “Yu knw that big bx f crn Uncle Jhn sent us? Well, we can make ppcrn(爆米花), and put it int paper bags, and Bernard can take it arund t the huses and sell it.”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn's idea, she thught it was a gd ne, t.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn’s idea she thught it was a gd ne, t. S, they went t the lcal supermarket tgether. They bught a bag f crn and sme special bags fr ppcrn. When they gt hme, they made a lt f ppcrn and put it in the special bags. With the ppcrn, they went t Bernard’s hme. They tld Bernard hw t sell the ppcrn. Bernard and his parents were very grateful. And the Meredith family als felt very happy t help this family.
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business. He tk the ppcrn arund t the huses and sld all his ppcrn. He earned a lt f mney. Then, he wanted t be self-dependent. Therefre, he asked Mrs. Meredith t teach him hw t make ppcrn. After that, nt nly did he sell ppcrn, but he als added cream and salt t the ppcrn t make it taste better. Bernard grew up t be a remarkable man. He did nt frget the help f Meredith’s family, and he als did what he culd t help thse in need.
【解析】
【分析】本文是根据短文进行续写，使之成为一个完整的故事。
【详解】1.认真读懂所给提供的材料:善良的Meredith一家住在一个小社区里，他们想帮助一个贫困的家庭。那家的男主人生病卧床，女主人要照顾丈夫、无法外出赚钱，家中的小男孩Bernard也做不了什么事情，生活十分困难。后来，Meredith的孩子想出了一个主意--制作爆米花，让Bernard去卖爆米花。
2.根据所给材料确定文章主题:Meredith如何通过制作和卖爆米花帮助Bernard一家摆脱困境的。
3.续写部分和前面的文章衔接得上，并且与原文情节发展和人物性格相一致，故事情节的向后延续发展要合乎情理。
4.根据第一段首句When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn’s idea, she thught it was a gd ne, t.(当Meredith太太听到Jhn的主意时，她也认为这是个好主意)可以针对如何实现制作爆米花这个提议展开构思；根据第二段首句With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business.(一切准备就绪后，Bernard开始了他的新生意)可以针对Bernard如何通过卖爆米花让家庭摆脱困境展开构思。
5.续写的语言要尽可能与原文的语言保持风格上的一致。文章时态以一般过去时为主。应使用自己熟悉的句型和短语进行写作，考生要注意尽可能使句子的表达形式多样化，适当的使用一些高级句式和高级词汇，以提高书面表达的档次和可读性。作文要层次清晰，要点全面，表达流畅，切合题干要求，句子结构准确，适当补充信息，使篇章结构连贯。
1-5 CBABC 6-10 BACCC 11-15 ABACB 16- 20ABABA
考试时间：120分钟 满 分：150分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选岀最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What des the man want t d?
A. Reserve a cheap htel. B. G t Mexic n business. C. Relax and enjy himself.
2. What will the wman get?
A. Carpet cleaner. B. A paper twel. C. A glass f wine.
3. What is the wman?
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. An assistant.
4. Where are the speakers headed?
A. T a swimming pl. B. T a beach. C. T a restaurant.
5. Why is the museum f great significance?
A. It’s a museum fr ld art.
B. It will be built n a small island.
C. It’s the first f its kind in Indnesia.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Hw much des an entrance ticket cst?
A. Tw dllars. B. Five dllars. C. Seven dllars.
7. Hw des the wman pay?
A. In cash. B. By cheque. C. By credit card.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。
8. Where did the tmat sauce cme frm?
A. A lcal farm.
B. A stre nly five miles away.
C. The man’s wn yard.
9. What des the wman think f cking?
A. She enjys it.
B. It makes her feel creative.
C. She desn’t have the patience fr it.
听第 8 段材料，回 答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Neighbrs.
11. Where did the man g t cllege?
A. In Washingtn.
B. In Texas.
C. In Nebraska.
12. What is the wman’s jb?
A. She is an artist.
B. She is a banker.
C. She is a cmputer prgrammer.
听第 9 段材料，回 答第 13 至 16 题。
13. What did Fitbit say abut the recent study?
A. It was false.
B. It hurt their business.
C. They made n cmment.
14.When des the man use his Fitbit?
A. Only when he’s exercising.
B. During the daytime.
C. All the time.
15. What des the man think f his Fitbit?
A. It’s f little use.
B. It’s f gd value.
C. It’s smetimes uncmfrtable t wear.
16. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Interested. B. Bred. C. Upset.
听第 10 段材料， 回 答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. A search engine.
B. A language prgram.
C. An nline dictinary.
18. Hw many peple use Duling currently?
A. Over ne hundred millin.
B. A few hundred thusand.
C. Several thusand.
19. Where is Luis vnAhn frm?
A. Switzerland.
B. Guatemala.
C. Csta Rica.
20. Hw was Duling riginally funded?
A. By big websites.
B. By an actr.
C. By schl.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每题 2. 5 分，满分 37. 5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcme t ur stand-up cmedy classes
This is the wrkshp where beginners have grwn int headliners and headliners have grwn int stars. Our wrkshp stresses stand-up cmedy writing and perfrming — the tw key cmpnents f stand-up cmedy.
Our classes are cnducted by award-winning, cmedy directr and writer Stephen Rsenfield and his stand-up staff. They are cnducted s that when it’s time fr yur club perfrmance, yu will have slidly written, funny material and yu will be well rehearsed and ready t perfrm beynd yur expectatins. These stand-up cmedy classes are ffered t bth beginners and advanced students. The wrkshp cnsists f grup classes, private caching sessins and a perfrmance at Gtham r West Side Cmedy Club.
Seats available: 2
Start date: May 17th
In-persn shw: May 20th at Gtham Cmedy Club
Live streamed shw: May 22nd n YuTube
Fees:
If yu are a first time student: $410. If yu are a returning student: $350.
We accept cash, checks r credit cards.
Yur instructr: Becky Veducci
Becky has been a prfessinal cmedian, writer and actress fr ver 15 years. She has perfrmed stand-up cmedy in New Yrk, Ls Angeles, Las Vegas and Lndn. Besides, she has appeared in cmmercials, theater and feature films. And she cmpeted in the 2018 seasn f America’s GtTalent.
Her film wrks include Return t Me, Maid in Manhattan and Randm Hearts. As a writer, she was chsen as ne f Parenting. cm’s tp five “Favrite Mmmy Blggers” fr her humrus articles n the website. In 2015, she wn the New Yrk Press Club Award fr humrus writing. As an instructr, Becky has taught stand-up cmedy t every age grup — frm elementary schl kids and teenagers t university students and adults. She believes everyne has a cmedic vice.
1. What can be learned abut the wrkshp?
A. There are three seats left at present.B. It fcuses n bth writing and acting.
C. There are nline shws n May 20th.D. It is specially designed fr headliners.
2. Hw much will a returning student save n the fee?
A. $10.B. $50.C. $60.D. $80.
3 What can we say abut Becky?
A. She is an experienced perfrmer.B. She cntributes a lt t magazines.
C. She became an vernight success.D. She hsted America’s Gt Talent.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个单口戏剧研讨班。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Our wrkshp stresses stand-up cmedy writing and perfrming — the tw key cmpnents f stand-up cmedy.(我们的研讨班强调单口喜剧的写作和表演，这是单口喜剧的两个关键组成部分。)”可知，研讨班专注于写作和表演。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fees部分中“If yu are a first time student: $410. If yu are a returning student: $350.(如果你是新生：410美元。如果你是老生：350美元。)”可知，老生可以节省60美元的学费。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Yur instructr: Becky Veducci部分中“Becky has been a prfessinal cmedian, writer and actress fr ver 15 years. She has perfrmed stand-up cmedy in New Yrk, Ls Angeles, Las Vegas and Lndn. Besides, she has appeared in cmmercials, theater and feature films. And she cmpeted in the 2018 seasn f America’s GtTalent.(贝基是一个专业的喜剧演员，作家和演员超过15年。她曾在纽约、洛杉矶、拉斯维加斯和伦敦表演单口喜剧。此外，她还出演过广告、戏剧和故事片。她参加了2018年的美国达人秀。)”和“Her film wrks include Return t Me, Maid in Manhattan and Randm Hearts. (她的电影作品包括《回到我身边》、《曼哈顿少女》和《随机的心》。)”可推知，Becky是一位经验丰富的演员。故选A项。
B
I was driving when my phne alerted me t a new email. Filled with eager anticipatin, I pulled ver, turned n my hazard lights, and pened it. My emtins quickly changed as I learned, fr the sixth and final time, that I had been denied a prmtin t full prfessr. My institutin didn’t seem t value what I brught t the table. But when I tld my family that night, my children ffered a surprisingly psitive respnse. They were excited t see what I was ging t d next, they said. They apparently knew lng befre I did that lsing my bid fr a prmtin wuld turn ut t be the best thing that culd have happened fr me.
This had been the final step in a lng prcess spanning 15 mnths and invlving s much effrt. I had started by studying successful prmtin bids and asking senir schlars fr frank discussins abut my readiness. I had carefully prepared my applicatin packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. Fr mre than a year, I had spent hurs every day trying t prve my wrth t my university.
T my surprise, having a final answer brught a welcme sense f clsure. As a first step tward healing, I decided t priritize my wn values and fllw my wn internal cmpass. I discnnected frm peple in my life wh vilated my values, cultivated my relatinships with thse wh share my pririties and bring ut the best in me, and spent mre time with my family. I funded a nnprfit that helps first-generatin and lw-incme students and yung prfessinals advance in the wrkfrce while serving their cmmunity. The initiative had lng been a dream f mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and prmtin dn’t reward such effrts. Nw, such cnsideratins were n lnger my Nrth Star.
Five mnths after that email frm tp leadership, I fund myself in the car again, experiencing anther career-defining mment. I may have lst my bid fr a big prmtin, but in the end, it brught me t the right place.
4. What did the authr feel after he read the email?
A. Anxius and annyed.B. Embarrassed and ashamed.
C. Relieved and peaceful.D. Disappinted and srrwful.
5. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A. What cntributins the writer had made.B. What preparatins the writer had made.
C. Hw successful the career had been.D. Hw tiring the prcess had been.
6. Which f the fllwing wuld the writer prbably agree with?
A. Success is mre than a title r a rank.
B. One’s internal cmpass is t be develped.
C. Serving the cmmunity may heal a brken heart.
D. One’s real value first lies in his family interactin.
7. What can be the best title fr the text?
A Emails: my Nrth Star
B. Full prfessr: a duble-edged swrd
C. A career setback becmes a great pprtunity
D. An academic career witnesses a failed prmtin
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在自己多次申请正教授被拒后，思想方面发生了转变，以及最后找到另一份更好的工作的经历。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Filled with eager anticipatin, I pulled ver, turned n my hazard lights, and pened it. My emtins quickly changed as I learned, fr the sixth and final time, that I had been denied a prmtin t full prfessr. My institutin didn’t seem t value what I brught t the table.(我满怀期待地把车停在路边，打开危险灯，打开车门。当我第六次也是最后一次得知自己被拒绝晋升为正教授时，我的情绪迅速发生了变化。我所在的机构似乎并不看重我带来的东西。)”可知，作者满怀期待打开邮件，却发现自己再一次被拒绝，由此可推知，作者读完邮件之后的心情应该是失望的和悲伤的。故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“This had been the final step in a lng prcess spanning 15 mnths and invlving s much effrt. I had started by studying successful prmtin bids and asking senir schlars fr frank discussins abut my readiness. I had carefully prepared my applicatin packet, summarizing everything I had achieved in my career. Fr mre than a year, I had spent hurs every day trying t prve my wrth t my university.(这是一个长达15个月的漫长过程的最后一步，涉及了如此多的努力。我从研究成功的晋升案例开始，并请资深学者坦率地讨论我的准备情况。我仔细准备了我的申请材料，总结了我在职业生涯中取得的所有成就。在一年多的时间里，我每天都花几个小时来证明我对学校的价值。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了作者做了怎样的准备。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The initiative had lng been a dream f mine, but I never pursued it because typical academic hiring and prmtin dn’t reward such effrts. Nw, such cnsideratins were n lnger my Nrth Star.(这个计划一直是我的梦想，但我从未追求过，因为典型的学术招聘和晋升不会奖励这种努力。现在，这样的考虑不再是我的北极星。)”和文章最后一段“I may have lst my bid fr a big prmtin, but in the end, it brught me t the right place.(我可能失去了一次大的晋升机会，但最终，它把我带到了正确的地方。)”可推知，作者可能会同意成功不仅仅是一个头衔或地位。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Five mnths after that email frm tp leadership, I fund myself in the car again, experiencing anther career-defining mment. I may have lst my bid fr a big prmtin, but in the end, it brught me t the right place.(收到那封来自高层领导的电子邮件五个月后，我发现自己又坐在车里，经历了另一个职业生涯的决定性时刻。我可能失去了一次大的晋升机会，但最终，它把我带到了正确的地方。)”和全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者在自己多次申请正教授被拒后，思想方面发生了转变，以及最后找到另一份更好的工作的经历。由此可知，C项：A career setback becmes a great pprtunity(事业上的挫折会变成一次绝好的机会)是最好的标题。故选C。
C
Like many teenagers, I was nce trubled by anxiety and dissatisfactin-feelings that my parents ften met with puzzlement rather than sympathy. They were already in their 50s, and having grwn up in pstwar Britain, they struggled t understand the surces f my discntentment.
“The prblem with yur generatin is that yu always desire t be happy.” my mther nce said. I was puzzled. Surely happiness was the purpse f living, and we shuld spare n effrts t achieve it at every pprtunity. I simply wasn’t prepared t accept my unhappiness as smething that was beynd my cntrl.
But I have nticed a shift in thinking, and I am nw cming t the cnclusin that my mther’s judgement was spt n. Over the past 10 years, numerus studies have shwn that ur bsessin (痴迷) with happiness and high persnal cnfidence may be making us less cntent with ur lives, and less effective at reaching ur actual gals. Indeed, we may ften be happy when we stp fcusing n happiness altgether.
While greater cntentment is achievable, dn’t expect miracle, and accept that n matter hw hard yu try, feeling f frustratin and unhappiness will appear frm time t time. In reality, certain negative feelings can serve a useful purpse.
When we feel sad, it’s ften because we have learned smething painful but imprtant, while stress can mtivate yu t make sme changes t yur life. The last thing yu shuld d is t blame yurselves fr ccasinally feeling bad when plans dn’t wrk ut.
Eventually, yu might adpt the ld saying “Prepare fr the wrst, hpe fr the best and be unsurprised by everything in between.” As my mther tried t teach me all thse years ag, ease the pressure ff yurself. and yu may find that cntentment arrives when yu’re least expecting it.
8. Which f the fllwing best explain “spt n” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A. Cnfusing.B. Crrect.C. Ridiculus.D. Cntrversial.
9. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing mainly leads t teenager’ unhappiness?
A. High expectatins.
B. Lw living-purpses.
C. Inadequate effrts.
D. Imprper preparatins.
10. Which f the fllwing statements is the authr mst likely l agree with?
A. Stress in yur life will prbably ruin yur happiness and life.
B. Higher persnal cnfidence makes us mre satisfied with ur life.
C. Yu needn’t be guilty f feeling awful since yu may learn a lt frm it.
D. If we try hard, feelings f frustratin and unhappiness will disappear frm ur life.
11. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Can we benefit frm negative feelings?
B. Why it’s time t stp fighting fr happiness?
C. Hw can we vercme ur unhappiness?
D. Can we generatin be happier than ur parents?
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者分享了自己对母亲的观点“年轻一代的问题在于总是期待快乐”，由疑惑到赞同的转变过程。作者还指出，负面情绪是生活必不可少的一部分，我们需要做的是放松心态，或许能在期待最少的时候获得最想要的满足。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“'The prblem with yur generatin is that yu always desire t be happy.' my mther nce said. I was puzzled.(“你们这一代人的问题在于，你们总是渴望快乐。”我母亲曾经说。我很困惑。)”可知，作者当时并不赞同母亲的话。而根据前文“But I have nticed a shift in thinking”可知，作者的观念发生了改变，也就是作者认同了母亲的看法，觉得母亲的话是正确的。所以spt n为“正确的”之意。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Over the past 10 years, numerus studies have shwn that ur bsessin (痴迷)with happiness and high persnal cnfidence may be making us less cntent with ur lives, and less effective at reaching ur actual gals.(在过去的10年里，大量的研究表明，我们对幸福的痴迷和高度的个人自信可能会让我们对自己的生活不满意，也会降低我们实现实际目标的效率。)”以及第四段“While greater cntentment is achievable, dn’t expect miracle, and accept that n matter hw hard yu try, feeling f frustratin and unhappiness will appear frm time t time. (虽然更大的满足感是可以实现的，但不要期待奇迹，要接受无论你多么努力尝试，挫败感和不快感还是会时不时地出现。)”可推断，过高的期待会让我们不开心。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“When we feel sad, it’s ften because we have learned smething painful but imprtant, while stress can mtivate yu t make sme changes t yur life. The last thing yu shuld d is t blame yurselves fr ccasinally feeling bad when plans dn’t wrk ut. (当我们感到悲伤时，通常是因为我们学到了一些痛苦但重要的东西，而压力可以激励你对你的生活做出一些改变。你最不应该做的事情就是当计划没有实现的时候，因为偶尔感觉不好而责备自己。)”可推断，作者认为我们无需内疚，因为我们从失败中学到了很多。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As my mther tried t teach me all thse years ag, ease the pressure ff yurself. and yu may find that cntentment arrives when yu’re least expecting it.(就像我母亲多年前教我的那样，减轻自己的压力。你可能会发现满足感会在你最意想不到的时候到来。)”及全文可知，作者分享了自己对母亲的观点“年轻一代的问题在于总是期待快乐”，由疑惑到赞同的转变过程。作者还指出，负面情绪是生活必不可少的一部分，我们需要做的是放松心态，或许能在期待最少的时候获得最想要的满足。所以“Why it’s time t stp fighting fr happiness?(为什么是时候停止为幸福而奋斗了?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
D
An artificial intelligence can decde (解码) wrds and sentences frm brain activity with surprising—thugh still limited—accuracy. Using nly a few secnds f brain activity data, the AI guesses what a persn has heard. It lists the crrect answer in its tp 10 pssibilities up t 73 percent f the time, researchers fund in a study.
Develped at the parent cmpany f Facebk, Meta, the AI culd eventually be used t help thusands f peple arund the wrld unable t cmmunicate thrugh speech, typing r gestures, researchers reprt n August 25 at arXiv.rg.
Mst existing technlgies t help such patients cmmunicate require risky brain surgeries t implant electrdes. This new apprach “culd prvide a practical path t help patients withut the use f invasive methds,” says neurscientist Jean-Rémi King, a Meta AI researcher in Paris.
King and his clleagues trained a cmputatinal tl t detect wrds and sentences n 56,000 hurs f speech recrdings frm 53 languages. The tl, als knwn as a language mdel, learned hw t recgnize specific features f language. With the help f a cmputatinal methd, the team tried t decde what participants had heard using just three secnds f brain activity data frm each persn. The team instructed the AI t match the speech sunds frm the stry recrdings t patterns f brain activity that the AI cmputed as crrespnding t what peple were hearing. It then made predictins abut what the persn might have been hearing during that shrt time, given mre than 1,000 pssibilities. The crrect answer was in the AI’s tp 10 guesses up t 73 percent f the time, the researchers fund.
The new study is “decding f speech perceptin, nt prductin,” King ntes. Thugh speech prductin is the ultimate gal, fr nw, “we’re quite a lng way away.”
12. What is the main idea f paragraph 1?
A. The principle f human brain activity.
B. The limitatin f human brain activity.
C. The definitin f the artificial intelligence.
D. The new functin f the artificial intelligence.
13. Whm might the AI be beneficial t?
A. Peple unable t hear.B. Peple wh can’t mve arund.
C. Peple wh are uncnscius.D. Peple unable t cmmunicate nrmally.
14. What is the purpse f paragraph 4?
A. T analyze the features f the study.B. T state the significance f the study.
C. T intrduce the prcess f the study.D. T present the achievement f the study.
15. What can we infer abut the AI frm the passage?
A. It perfrms well in the speech prductin.
B. Its accuracy is far frm the researchs’ satisfactin.
C. It will help patients avid dangerus brain surgeries.
D. Its language learning ability is beynd expectatin.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的新用途——可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，这可以用于帮助全世界数以千计无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“An artificial intelligence can decde (解码) wrds and sentences frm brain activity with surprising—thugh still limited—accuracy. Using nly a few secnds f brain activity data, the AI guesses what a persn has heard. It lists the crrect answer in its tp 10 pssibilities up t 73 percent f the time, researchers fund in a study.(人工智能可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，其准确性令人惊讶（尽管仍然有限）。只需要几秒钟的大脑活动数据，人工智能就能猜出一个人听到了什么。研究人员在一项研究中发现，正确答案出现在前10种可能性中的概率高达73% 。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了人工智能可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，这是人工智能的一项新功能，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Develped at the parent cmpany f Facebk, Meta, the AI culd eventually be used t help thusands f peple arund the wrld unable t cmmunicate thrugh speech, typing r gestures, researchers reprt August 25 at arXiv.rg.(8月25日，研究人员在 arXiv.rg 上作的报告称，这种人工智能由脸书的母公司Meta开发，最终可用于帮助全世界数以千计无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。)”可知，人工智能或许对不能正常交流的人有益，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“King and his clleagues trained a cmputatinal tl t detect wrds and sentences n 56,000 hurs f speech recrdings frm 53 the help f a cmputatinal methd, the team tried t decde what participants had heard using just three secnds f brain activity data frm each persn. The team instructed the AI t match the speech sunds frm the stry recrdings t patterns f brain activity...(King 和他的同事们训练了一个计算工具来检测来自53种语言的56000小时的语音记录中的单词和句子……在计算方法的帮助下，研究小组试图用每个人三秒钟的大脑活动数据解码参与者所听到的内容。研究小组指示人工智能将故事录音中的语音与大脑活动模式进行匹配……)”可推知，第四段的目的是介绍该研究的过程，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Mst existing technlgies t help such patients cmmunicate require risky brain surgeries t implant electrdes. This new apprach “culd prvide a practical path t help patients withut the use f invasive methds,” says neurscientist Jean-Rémi King, a Meta AI researcher in Paris.(大多数现有的技术，以帮助这些病人沟通需要危险的脑部手术植入电极。这种新方法“可以提供一种实用的途径来帮助病人而不需要使用侵入性的方法，”神经科学家 Jean-Rémi King说，他是巴黎的Meta AI研究员。)”可推知，人工智能技术不需要给病人脑部做手术植入电极，所以说它能帮助病人避免危险的脑部手术。故选C。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My, what a big beak yu have!
Fr humans, adapting t climate change will mstly be a matter f technlgy. Mre air cnditining, better-designed huses and bigger fld defenses may help t make the effects f a warmer wrld less harmful. ____16____ In a paper published in Trends & Evlutin, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shws that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bdies f many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears.
In sme species f Australian parrt, fr instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Anther study, this time in Nrth American dark-eyed juncs, anther bird, fund the same pattern. ____17____
All that is perfectly cnsistent with evlutinary thery. “Allen’s rule”, named fr Jel Asaph Allen, wh suggested it in 1877, hlds that warm-blded animals in ht places tend t have larger bdy parts than thse in temperate (温带的) regins. ____18____ Being richly filled with bld vessels, and nt cvered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place fr birds t get rid f heat. Fennec fxes, meanwhile, which are native t the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially cmpared with their Arctic cusins.
Ms. Ryding is nt the first researcher t take that apprach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, t prve that climate change was the cause f an anatmical (解剖学的) changes. All srts f ther factrs, frm changes in prey t the evlving reprductive preferences f males r females, might have been driving the changes. ____19____ The team cmbined data frm different species in different places. Since they have little in cmmn apart frm living n a warming planet, climate change is the mst reasnable explanatin.
____20____ That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evlutinary adaptatin cmes with trade-ffs (妥协), it is unclear hw far the prcess might g. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, fr instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cst mre energy t grw.
A. Hwever, lking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer.
B. Fr nw, at least, the increase is small, never much mre than 10%.
C. Animals will have t rely n changing their bdies r their behavirs.
D. It seems that the future wrld is ging t be htter than humans are used t.
E. Therefre, the negative effects f a warmer wrld are visible in these animals’ bdies.
F. Such adaptatins bst an animal’s surface area relative t its bdy, helping it t release extra heat.
G. Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species f mice and bats evlving bigger ears, legs and wings.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了地球变暖正在改变动物的外貌，如嘴巴变大。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Fr humans, adapting t climate change will mstly be a matter f technlgy. Mre air cnditining, better-designed huses and bigger fld defenses may help mitigate the effects f a warm wrld. (对人类来说，适应气候变化将主要是技术问题。更多的空调、更好设计的房屋和更大的防洪系统可能有助于缓解全球变暖的影响)”可知，人类依靠的是科学技术来适应气候变化。选项C“动物将不得不依靠改变它们的身体或行为（去适应）。”承接上文，说明和人类不同，动物要适应气候变化就只能依靠它们的身体和行为。从而引出下文对于动物适应气候变化发生的变化的讲述，上下文通顺合理。故选C项。
【17题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。上文“In sme species f Australian parrt, fr instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Anther study, this time in Nrth American dark-eyed juncs, anther bird, fund the same pattern. (例如，在一些澳大利亚鹦鹉中，自1871年以来，喙的大小增加了4%到10%。另一项研究，这次是在另一种鸟类北美黑眼鹦鹉中，发现了同样的模式)”列举了一些动物因为天气变暖，喙变大的例子。由此推知，空处承接上文，继续举例。选项G“哺乳动物也有类似的趋势，老鼠、鼩鼱和蝙蝠进化出更大的耳朵、尾巴、腿和翅膀”符合语境，是动物应对天气变化外貌发生变化的例子。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“‘Allen’s rule’, named fr Jel Asaph Allen, wh suggested it in 1877, hlds that warm-blded-animals in ht places tend t have larger appendages (附属物) than thse in less ht regins. (“艾伦法则”是以Jel Asaph Allen的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这一法则，认为在炎热地区的温血动物往往比在不那么炎热地区的动物有更大的附属物)”可知，炎热地区的温血动物往往长有更大的附属物，这是动物对气候的一种适应，选项F“这种适应性增加了动物相对于其身体体积的表面积，帮助它释放多余的热量。”解释了这种现象的产生原因。下文“Being richly filled with bld vessels, and nt cvered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place fr birds t get rid f heat. Fennec fxes, meanwhile, which are native t the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially cmpared with their Arctic cusins.( 喙拥有丰富的血管，没有绝缘羽毛覆盖，是鸟类散热的理想场所。又比如，与它们的北极近亲相比，原产于撒哈拉沙漠的芬内克狐狸有着惊人的大耳朵)”举例说明动物的这种适应性。上下文通顺合理。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“The team cmbined data frm different species in different places. (她的团队综合了来自不同地方不同物种的数据)”可知，团队综合了更多地方的数据，选项A“然而，从更大的角度来看，形式更清晰。”说明观察更多会更清楚地看到这种模式，符合语境，上下文通顺合理。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evlutinary adaptatin cmes with trade-ffs (妥协), it is unclear hw far the prcess might g. (随着气候变暖的加速，这种情况可能会改变。由于任何进化适应都会进行利弊权衡，因此尚不清楚这一过程会走多远)”可知，未来这种情况的变化，that指代上文提到的情况，选项B“至少就目前而言，增幅很小，从未超过10%。”说明现在的变化情况，上下文合理通顺，下文预测这种情况的发展,，且下文中的“That may change”指代选项B中的增长。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Five years ag, a friend asked me t lk after his cat while he went n hliday, and I realized the idea had ptential n a bigger scale. S I mved t Lndn and decided t ____21____ cat sitting.
Fr me, cat sitting is abut ____22____ tw grups f peple wh need what the ther can ffer. I get t stay in peple’s ____23____ withut rent while they’re n hliday. The wners get ____24____ cat sitting. It als means that there is smene t keep an eye n their hmes while they are away. It seems a fairer ____25____than just watering plants r walking dgs—I’m mre f a cat persn.
I have always lved cats, and their gentle temper makes them ideal ____26____fr smene wrking frm hme. Cats have such different persnalities, s it’s nt surprising that I ____27____ mre with sme than thers. An wner nce tld me nt t ____28____ her cat t sit n me, as it had happened nly nce. But just fur days later, the cat came ver and sat n my lap. I sent her a pht!
Cat sitting helps me with my ____29____ anxiety disrder t. I want t be arund peple, but smetimes I can’t. Smetimes, this anxiety even ____30____ me frm leaving the huse. But since becming a cat sitter my mental health has ____31____ . Having my wn ____32____ gives me the pwer t plan my day. I can recharge when I need t and can g ut and meet peple when I want. The cats have ____33____ helped.
Nw I have stayed in 25 huses, ____34____ 30 cats and saved mre than 10,000 punds that wuld have gne n ____35____ . One day I want t save up fr a flat s I can have a cat f my wn.
21. A. startB. studyC. bserveD. train
22. A. judgingB. cnnectingC. cmparingD. teaching
23. A. fficesB. heartsC. hmesD. lives
24. A. freeB. tughC. seriusD. pssible
25. A. testB. gameC. dreamD. exchange
26. A. emplyersB. assistantsC. instructrsD. cmpanins
27. A. likeB. bndC. mindD. trust
28. A. guideB. rderC. frceD. expect
29. A. musicalB. culturalC. scialD. persnal
30. A. savesB. discuragesC. prtectsD. tells
31. A. imprvedB. sufferedC. wrsenedD. helped
32. A. strengthB. spaceC. flatD. jb
33. A. hardlyB. nearlyC. hnestlyD. narrwly
34. A. attended tB. given awayC. brught upD. left ut
35. A. hlidayB. creditC. saleD. rent
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者通过帮助他人照顾猫，不仅克服了自己的社交焦虑障碍，还节省了房租。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我搬到了伦敦，决定开始替人照顾猫。A. start开始；B. study学习； C. bserve观察；D. train训练。根据上文“I realized the idea had ptential n a bigger scale”可知，作者决定开始替人照顾猫。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，照顾猫就是把两个需要对方所能提供的东西的人联系起来(各取所需)。A. judging判断；B. cnnecting联系； C. cmparing比较；D. teaching教。根据下文“I get t stay in peple’s___3___withut rent while they’re n hliday. The wners get___4___cat sitting”可知，照顾猫就是把两个需要对方所能提供的东西的人联系起来(各取所需)，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以在别人度假的时候免费住在他们家里。A. ffices办公室；B. hearts心；C. hmes家；D. lives生命。根据下文“while they’re n hliday”可知，作者在别人度假的时候免费住在他们家里帮他们照顾猫。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：主人可以免费请人来照顾猫。A. free免费的；B. tugh困难的；C. serius严肃的；D. pssible可能的。根据上文“withut rent”可推知，作者不付房租，主人也不用花钱请人来照顾猫，因此空格处是“免费的”。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是比浇花或遛狗更公平的交换——我更喜欢猫。A. test测试；B. game游戏；C. dream梦；D. exchange交换。根据上文“I get t stay in peple’s___3___withut rent while they’re n hliday. The wners get___4___cat sitting. It als means that there is smene t keep an eye n their hmes while they are away”可知，别人请作者来照顾猫，作者省了房租，这是一种交换。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直很喜欢猫，它们温和的脾气使它们成为在家工作的人的理想伙伴。A. emplyers雇主；B. assistants助手；C. instructrs导师；D. cmpanins伙伴。根据上文“their gentle temper”可知，猫温和的脾气使它们成为在家工作的人的理想伙伴。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：猫有如此不同的性格，所以我和一些猫比其他猫更亲近也就不足为奇了。A. like喜欢；B. bnd（使）建立亲密关系；C. mind介意；D. trust信任。根据上文“Cats have such different persnalities”可知，句子表示“猫有如此不同的性格，所以我和一些猫比其他猫更亲近也就不足为奇了”。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位猫主人曾经告诉我，不要指望她的猫坐在我身上，因为这种事只发生过一次。A. guide指导；B. rder命令；C. frce强迫；D. expect指望。根据下文“as it had happened nly nce”可知，那位猫主人是告诉作者不要指望她的猫坐在作者身上，因为这种事只发生过一次。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：照顾猫也能帮助我缓解社交焦虑症。A. musical音乐的；B. cultural文化的；C. scial社交的；D. persnal个人的。根据下文“I want t be arund peple, but smetimes I can’t”可知，作者有社交焦虑症。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，这种焦虑甚至让我不敢出门。A. saves救；B. discurages阻碍；C. prtects保护；D. tells告诉。根据上文“I want t be arund peple, but smetimes I can’t”和“my___9___anxiety disrder”可知，社交焦虑甚至让作者不敢出门，空格处意为“阻碍”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但自从成为猫保姆后，我的心理健康状况有所改善。A. imprved改善；B. suffered遭受；C. wrsened恶化；D. helped帮助。根据下文“gives me the pwer t plan my day. I can recharge when I need t and can g ut and meet peple when I want”可知，自从作者成为猫保姆后，作者的心理健康状况有所改善。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥有自己的空间让我有能力计划我的一天。A. strength体力，力量；B. space空间；C. flat公寓；D. jb工作。根据上文“stay in peple’s___3___withut rent while they’re n hliday”可知，作者拥有自己的空间，拥有自己的空间让作者有能力计划作者的一天。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：猫真地帮了大忙。A. hardly几乎不；B. nearly将近；C. hnestly确实；D. narrwly刚好，勉强地。根据上文“since becming a cat sitter my mental health has___11___”可知，猫真的帮了大忙，空格处意为“真地、确实”。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我住过25个家庭，照顾过30只猫，省下了1万多英镑的钱，否则，这些钱只能欠着了。A. attended t照顾；B. given away赠送；C. brught up养大；D. left ut遗漏。根据上文“becming a cat sitter”可知，作者是照顾过30只猫。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我住过25个家庭，照顾过30只猫，省下了1万多英镑的钱，否则，这些钱只能欠着了。A. hliday假期；B. credit信贷； C. sale出售，销售；D. rent房租。根据前文“根据前文“I get t stay in peple’s hmes withut rent while they’re n hliday.”可知，此处是指省下了1万多英镑的房租。故选D。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On a recent Sunday afternn, 15 yung peple___36___ (lie) czily n clrful rugs and threw pillws arranged in a circle. Their eyes were clsed, sme with their legs ___37___ (stretch) frward and thers curled up, lking as if they were asleep. Kng Yi sat crss-legged befre them, using a special hammer t___38___ (gentle) hit metal bwls in frnt f her,___39___ (aruse) a sund that reverberated (回响) lng inside the quiet rm.
Fllwing Kng’s instructins, they participated in___40___ tw-hur sund healing and meditatin sessin. Listening t the slwly fading sunds f ancient musical instruments such as singing bwls and gngs, participants reached a deeper center and a semi-cnscius state, ___41___ they were led t imagine that they were talking t a wise man dressed ___42___ white and they culd ask questins and get answers frm him/her in half an hur.
“In that sessin, many peple asked the meaning f life but at the end everyne gt different answers frm the wise man — actually___43___ (they),” said Kng, wh runs a studi ffering healing curses incrprated with art frms like painting, music and dance.
Such spiritual, meditative___44___ (experience) that can lwer stress and anxiety and ease depressin have becme the latest ptin fr the cuntry’s stressed-ut yunger generatin seeking____45____ (relax) and inward explratin. “They get rid f sme thughts that are nt beneficial t life and feel relaxed at the end,” Kng said.
【答案】36. lay
37. stretched
38. gently 39. arusing
40. a 41. where
42. in 43. themselves
44. experiences
45 relaxatin
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Kng Yi指导学生参与的能够缓解压力、放松心情的声音治疗和冥想课程。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：最近一个周日的下午，15个年轻人舒服地躺在彩色地毯上，把枕头围成一个圈。根据时间状语On a recent Sunday afternn可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填lay。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们闭着眼睛，有的腿向前伸着，有的蜷缩着，看上去好像睡着了。介词with后接复合宾语，动词stretch和宾语之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作宾语补足语。故填stretched。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：Kng Yi盘腿坐在他们面前，用一把特制的锤子轻轻地敲着面前的金属碗，发出的声音在安静的房间里回荡了很长时间。修饰动词hit应用副词。故填gently。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语，动词aruse和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，表示结果。故填arusing。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在Kng的指导下，他们参加了两个小时的声音治疗和冥想课程。后文名词短语tw-hur sund healing and meditatin sessin是单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。连接辅音，故填a。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：听着碗锣等古老乐器慢慢远去的声音，参与者进入了更深的中心和半意识状态，在那里（这种状态下）他们被引导想象他们正在与一位白衣智者交谈，他们可以在半小时内提出问题并得到他/她的答案。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a deeper center and a semi-cnscius state，表示“在那里（这种状态下）”应用关系副词where引导从句，作抽象地点状语。故填where。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。in加颜色意思是穿上了什么颜色的衣服，符合句意。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：“在那堂课上，很多人都问了生命的意义，但最后每个人都从这位智者那里得到了不同的答案——实际上是他们自己，” Kng说，她经营着一家工作室，提供与绘画、音乐和舞蹈等艺术形式相结合的治疗课程。根据句意可知，此处表示接受对象就是主语自身，故用反身代词，作frm的宾语。故填themselves。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这种精神上的冥想体验可以减轻压力和焦虑，缓解抑郁，已经成为该国压力巨大的年轻一代寻求放松和内心探索的最新选择。根据句意和后文have可知，此处名词experience意为“体验”是可数名词，应用其复数作主语。故填experiences。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。此处应用其名词relaxatin(不可数)和后文inward explratin并列作seeking的宾语。故填relaxatin。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，是学校国学社的社长。伦敦孔子学院的学生来你校参加国学夏令营，请你在开营式上发言，内容包括：1. 表示欢迎；2. 介绍活动安排；3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数应为 80 左右，请按如下格式在答题卡上作答。2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。参考词汇：国学社 Sinlgy Club 孔子学院 Cnfucius Institute
Dear teachers, students and friends,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear teachers, students and friends,
I am hnred t deliver a speech at the pening ceremny n behalf f ur schl. Here we sincerely shw ur warm welcme t all the students frm the Lndn Cnfucius Institute.
During ur summer camp, we will recite Chinese classics and exchange pinins and feelings after reading them. Als we have arranged a visit t Cnfucius’s hme twn, which is intended t help us have a better understanding f Cnfucian culture.
I hpe every ne f us will learn mre abut Chinese ancient civilizatin and enjy yur stay here.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在国学夏令营开营式上发言，对伦敦孔子学院的学生表示欢迎，并介绍活动安排，表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
忠诚地：sincerely→truthfully
观点：pinin→idea
帮助：help→assist
希望：hpe→wish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：During ur summer camp, we will recite Chinese classics and exchange pinins and feelings after reading them.
拓展句：During ur summer camp, we will recite Chinese classics and exchange pinins and feelings after reading them, which will be very interesting.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am hnred t deliver a speech at the pening ceremny n behalf f ur schl. (运用了非谓语动词不定式在形容词后作状语)
【高分句型2】Als we have arranged a visit t Cnfucius’s hme twn, which is intended t help us have a better understanding f Cnfucian culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Meredith family lived in a small cmmunity. As the ecnmy was in decline, sme peple in the twn had lst their jbs. Many f their families were struggling t make ends meet. Peple were trying t help each ther meet the challenges.
Mrs. Meredith was a mst kind and thughtful wman. She spent a great deal f time visiting the pr. She knew they had prblems, and they needed all kinds f help. When she had time, she wuld bring fd and medicine t them.
One mrning she tld her children abut a family she had visited the day befre. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, wh tk care f him and culd nt g ut t wrk, and their little by. The little by -his name was Bernard-had interested her very much.
“I wish yu culd see him,” she said t her wn children, Jhn, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help t his mther. He wants very much t earn sme mney, but I dn't see what he can d.”
After their mther left the rm, the children sat thinking abut Bernard. “I wish we culd help him t earn mney,” said Clara. “His family is suffering s much.”
“S d I,” said Harry. “We really shuld d smething t assist them.”
Fr sme mments, Jhn said nthing, but, suddenly, he sprang t his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a slutin that we can all help accmplish(完成).”
The ther children als jumped up all attentin. When Jhn had an idea, it was sure t be a gd ne. “I tell yu what we can d,” said Jhn. “Yu knw that big bx f crn Uncle Jhn sent us? Well, we can make ppcrn(爆米花), and put it int paper bags, and Bernard can take it arund t the huses and sell it.”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn's idea, she thught it was a gd ne, t.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn’s idea she thught it was a gd ne, t. S, they went t the lcal supermarket tgether. They bught a bag f crn and sme special bags fr ppcrn. When they gt hme, they made a lt f ppcrn and put it in the special bags. With the ppcrn, they went t Bernard’s hme. They tld Bernard hw t sell the ppcrn. Bernard and his parents were very grateful. And the Meredith family als felt very happy t help this family.
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business. He tk the ppcrn arund t the huses and sld all his ppcrn. He earned a lt f mney. Then, he wanted t be self-dependent. Therefre, he asked Mrs. Meredith t teach him hw t make ppcrn. After that, nt nly did he sell ppcrn, but he als added cream and salt t the ppcrn t make it taste better. Bernard grew up t be a remarkable man. He did nt frget the help f Meredith’s family, and he als did what he culd t help thse in need.
【解析】
【分析】本文是根据短文进行续写，使之成为一个完整的故事。
【详解】1.认真读懂所给提供的材料:善良的Meredith一家住在一个小社区里，他们想帮助一个贫困的家庭。那家的男主人生病卧床，女主人要照顾丈夫、无法外出赚钱，家中的小男孩Bernard也做不了什么事情，生活十分困难。后来，Meredith的孩子想出了一个主意--制作爆米花，让Bernard去卖爆米花。
2.根据所给材料确定文章主题:Meredith如何通过制作和卖爆米花帮助Bernard一家摆脱困境的。
3.续写部分和前面的文章衔接得上，并且与原文情节发展和人物性格相一致，故事情节的向后延续发展要合乎情理。
4.根据第一段首句When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn’s idea, she thught it was a gd ne, t.(当Meredith太太听到Jhn的主意时，她也认为这是个好主意)可以针对如何实现制作爆米花这个提议展开构思；根据第二段首句With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business.(一切准备就绪后，Bernard开始了他的新生意)可以针对Bernard如何通过卖爆米花让家庭摆脱困境展开构思。
5.续写的语言要尽可能与原文的语言保持风格上的一致。文章时态以一般过去时为主。应使用自己熟悉的句型和短语进行写作，考生要注意尽可能使句子的表达形式多样化，适当的使用一些高级句式和高级词汇，以提高书面表达的档次和可读性。作文要层次清晰，要点全面，表达流畅，切合题干要求，句子结构准确，适当补充信息，使篇章结构连贯。
1-5 CBABC 6-10 BACCC 11-15 ABACB 16- 20ABABA
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