江苏省盐城中学2023届高三上学期期末考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份江苏省盐城中学2023届高三上学期期末考试英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
The fllwing chart is prvided by Elizabeth Weise frm《America Tday》. It shws the grwth f the immersive schls in America.
Based n The Daily Advertiser’s reprt, freign children at the age f abut 5 are having Chinese lessns like this:
Zhating Xia, a 29-year-ld teacher, hlds paper cpies f Chinese currency and invites kids up ne at a time t use the “mney” t purchase smething frm her pretend fruit stand.
One f the students, a 5-year-ld by, picks ut his mney and greets Xia with “ni ha”, starting the cnversatin as he has been taught. Then he wrks in sme vcabulary wrds t ask fr a plastic ear f crn. Xia tells him the price, and he cunts the mney in his hand befre making the exchange. They finish with “xiexie” r “thank yu”.
In this ne exercise, they’ve practiced a lt in such a “real situatin”. And all f this takes place in Chinese.
1、What can we learn abut the immersive schls in America based n the chart?
A. Children in them are aged 2 t 4.
B. They accept nly Chinese children in America.
C. All the teachers in the immersive schls cme frm China.
D. The immersive schls have greatly increased in America since 2007.
2、Which f the fllwing can children practice in this ne exercise mentined in the text?
A. Vcabulary, sentence structure, math and culture.
B. Knwing abut “Chinese mney — renminbi”.
C. Cunting the number frm 1-10 in Chinese.
D. Greeting by saying “Hell!” t each ther.
3、What might Elizabeth Weise be?
A. A teacher.B. A headmaster.C. A reprter.D. A directr.
Clse t a century ag, New Yrk’s Cney Island was famed fr its sideshws (杂耍). Eye-catching signs crwded the island’s attractins, shwing ff circus shws, swrd swallwers—and even an exhibitin f tiny babies.
The babies were premature nes kept alive in incubatrs (婴儿保育箱) pineered by Dr. Martin Cuney. The medical establishment had rejected his incubatrs, but Dr. Cuney didn’t give up n his aims. Starting in 1896, he funded his wrk by displaying the babies and charging 25 cents t see the shw. In return, parents didn’t have t pay fr Dr. Cuney’s incubatrs, and many children survived wh wuld never have had a chance therwise.
Brn in 12, Lucille Hrn ended up in an incubatr n Cney Island. She’d been brn a twin, but her twin died at birth. And the hspital staff tld her father that there wasn’t a chance she’d live. “It was just: Yu die because yu didn’t belng in the wrld,” Hrn says. But her father refused t accept that answer. He grabbed a blanket t wrap her in, called a taxi, and tk her t Cney Island—and t Dr. Cuney’s infant (婴幼儿) exhibit.
Years later, Hrn decided t return t see the babies—this time as a visitr. When she tk the pprtunity t intrduce herself, Dr. Cuney went ver t a man wh was uneasily lking at his small infant. “Lk at this yung lady,” Dr. Cuney tld the man. “She’s ne f ur babies. And that’s hw yur baby’s gnna grw up.”
Hrn was just ne f thusands f premature infants that Dr. Cuney cared fr and displayed at amusement parks until the 194s. He died in 1950, shrtly after incubatrs like his were intrduced in mst hspitals. At the time, Dr. Cuney’s effrts were largely unknwn—but at least ne persn will never frget him. “Ninety-six years later, here I am, all in ne piece. And I’m thankful t be here,” Hrn says.
4、What can we learn abut Dr. Cuney’s incubatr?
A. It pushed medical science frward.B. It was the mst famus sideshw.
C. It saved many premature babies.D. It charged each infant 25 cents.
5、Why was Hrn taken t Dr. Cuney’s infant exhibit?
A. She belnged in nwhere else but Cney Island.
B. It was the nly place where she might survive.
C. The hspital staff lacked the patience t care fr her.
D. Her father refused t accept the death f her twin sister.
6、What is the purpse f Dr. Cuney’s wrds in Paragraph 4?
A. T relieve the man’s anxiety.B. T intrduce the lady t the man.
C. T prmise the baby’s bright future.D. T explain the functin f the incubatr.
7、What shuld we learn frm Dr. Cuney’s stry?
A. Medical knwledge.B. Earning pwer.
C. Persuasive techniques.D. Flexible mind.
When yu’re ging thrugh a perid f anxiety r depressin it can be difficult t make decisins, whether thse are significant life changes r everyday chices. Thse with generalized anxiety disrder r md disrders ften reprt feeling uncmfrtable with r being trubled by feelings f uncertainty-which desn’t help when yu need t make a decisin, big r small.
Nw in a new study, researchers find that peple with higher levels f anxiety and depressin are less able t adapt t fast-changing situatins. But with the right interventin(干预)there may be ways t help thse with anxiety r depressin make better decisins in the mment.
Participants were aged between 18 and 55; sme had symptms f generalized anxiety disrder r majr depressive disrder, while thers had n histry f mental illness at all.
In the study, after filling in measures related t anxiety, depressin, and wrry, participants tk part in a vide game. In each rund, they were asked t chse between tw shapes: picking nne shape resulted in a reward, while the ther delivered an electric shck.
The task tk place in tw blcks-ne stable, in which ne shape was assciated with a reward 75% f the time and the ther 25% f the time, and the ther unstable, in which the shape with a higher prbability f resulting in reward switched every twenty trials. In the unstable blck, therefre, the participants had t keep adjusting their respnses as the prbabilities change.
Thse participants with symptms f anxiety r depressin were slwer t adjust their respnses t the changes in prbabilities. This suggests that md disrders are assciated with difficulty making decisins in changing circumstances.
Senir authr Snia Bishp argues that thse participants wh adapted quickly did s because f their emtinal resilience(适应力). ＂Emtinally resilient peple tend t fcus n what gave them a gd utcme, and in many real-wrld situatins that might be key t learning t make gd decisins, ”she says.
Snia Bishp suggests that encuraging peple t fcus n past successes rather than failures culd be a useful behaviral interventin, making thse difficult decisins a bit less tricky.
8、Accrding t the text, which f the fllwing affects decisin-making?
A. Feeling uncmfrtable with smene.
B. Feeling unsure f what will happen.
C. Wndering wh will make a decisin.
D. Wndering hw t help make a decisin.
9、What was the purpse f the unstable blck?
A. T create a fast-changing situatin.
B. T train participants t respnd t changes.
C. T make the vide game mre challenging.
D. T help thse with anxiety make decisins.
10、Why des Snia Bishp suggest fcusing n past successes?
A. T imprve decisin-making.
B. T remember the achievements.
C. T adapt quickly t a new situatin.
D. T avid making difficult decisins.
11、What advice can be given accrding t the study?
A. Try t think quickly when making decisins.
B. Dn’t expect t much when making decisins.
C. Dn’t fcus n ne single thing when making decisins.
D. Reduce yur anxiety r depressin when making decisins.
Building gd transprtatin is a gd idea. T have envirnmental value, new transprtatin has t sufficiently replace r eliminate driving t cut energy cnsumptin verall. That means that a new traffic system has t be supprted by reductin in car use. Traffic lanes shuld be eliminated r cnverted int bike r bus lanes. Ideally, these shuld be cmbined with higher fuel taxes, and parking fees. Needless t say, I have t struggle t make myself extensively understd. But they’re necessary, because yu can’t make peple drive less, in the lng run, by taking steps that make driving mre pleasant, ecnmical, and prductive.
Lengthy cmmuting (通勤) time is a frceful factr which can slw the grwth f suburbs. The farther peple live away frm cities, the lnger cmmuting time they need, which means mre pllutin their cars prduce. If, in a misguided effrt t d smething f envirnmental value, gvernments take steps that make lng-distance car cmmuting faster r mre cnvenient—by adding lanes, building bypass, emplying traffic-cntrl measures that make it pssible fr existing rads t accmmdate mre cars with fewer delays—we are actually encuraging peple t live still farther frm their jbs, stres, and schls. As a result, gvernments are frced t further extend rad netwrks, water lines, and ther facilities. If yu cut cmmuting time by 10 percent, peple wh nw drive fifty miles each way t wrk can find reasn t mve five miles farther ut, because their travel time wn’t change.
Traffic cngestin (拥堵) isn’t an envirnmental prblem; traffic is. Relieving cngestin withut ding anything t reduce the ttal vlume f cars can nly make the real prblem wrse. Highway engineers have knwn fr a lng time that building new car lanes nly temprarily reduces cngestin, because the new lanes add additinal driving. Widening rads makes traffic mve faster in the shrt term, but the imprved cnditins eventually attract additinal drivers, and cngestin reappears. With mre car n the rads, peple think abut widening rads again. Mving drivers ut f cars and int ther frms f transprtatin can have the same effect, if existing traffic lanes are kept in service: rad space stimulates rad use.
One f the arguments that cities inevitably make in prmting transprtatin plans is that the new system, by relieving autmbile cngestin, will imprve the lives f thse wh cntinue t drive. N ne ever prmtes a transprtatin system by arguing that it wuld make travelling less cnvenient—even thugh, frm an envirnmental perspective, incnvenient travel is a wrthy gal.
12、In the first paragraph, the authr gives us the hint that his recmmendatins are ______.
A. nt widely supprtedB. cstly t carry ut
C. generally recgnizedD. temprarily beneficial
13、Accrding t the passage, what will happen if cmmuting time fr drivers is reduced?
A. Drivers will becme mre prductive emplyees.
B. Mass transprtatin will be extended farther int suburban areas.
C. Drivers will be mre willing t live farther frm their wrking place.
D. Mass transprtatin will carry fewer passengers and receive less gvernment funding.
14、Which f the fllwing can be inferred abut the authr’s attitude twards the measures t imprve traffic?
A. They are envirnmentally beneficial and shuld be carried ut immediately.
B. They are well intentined but ultimately lead t envirnmental harm.
C. They will definitely aruse peple’s awareness f envirnmental prtectin.
D. They will nly wrk if they can make driving mre ecnmical and prductive.
15、The authr wrte this massage mainly t ______.
A. supprt the claim that effrts t reduce traffic actually increase traffic.
B. ppse the belief that imprving mass transprtatin systems is gd fr the envirnment.
C. prvide a balance between suburban expansin and traffic cngestin.
D. indicate that making driving less agreeable is a way t reduce negative effects f traffic.
二、七选五
16、Steps t Take t Becme a Mrning Persn
Seek ut as much natural light as pssible.
The secret t becming a mrning persn is expsure t bright light, says Jennifer Martin, president f the bard f directrs fr the American Academy f Sleep Medicine. That’s because light suppresses melatnin, a hrmne that plays an imprtant rle in circadian rhythm. ①________
Ease in gradually.
②________ Yu culd frce yurself t get up at yur desired time every day, knwing that yu’ll feel tired during the transitin but will naturally start falling asleep earlier within a few weeks. But fr sme peple — like thse wh need t drive lng distances — thse first few days f exhaustin frm switching t a new schedule aren’t safe. In that case, Martin recmmends gradually easing int the early-bird life. “What I’ll suggest t peple is t shift half an hur, wait a few days, shift anther half an hur, wait a few days, and then shift anther half an hur,” she says.
③________
A cnsistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking t the same wake up time every day, but it’s still imprtant t make sure yu’re getting enugh sleep. Mst peple shuld aim fr at least seven hurs a night — s yu’ll prbably need t inch yur bedtime frward as yu transitin t a new schedule. Starting at least an hur befre yu hit the sack, cut back n hw much expsure t bright light yu’re getting, experts advise. ④________
Plan smething t lk frward t.
⑤________ “Nw is the time t g buy yur favrite cffee r pick up sme pastries t have when yur alarm ges ff at 5 a. m.,” she says. “Yu’re nt dreading it if yu think f that.”
A. Reschedule yur bedtime.
B. Wind dwn in the evenings.
C. The sun is the driver f ur internal clck.
D. There are tw ways t apprach yur jurney t early rising.
E. T tempt yu ut f bed, Martin suggests treating yurself t smething special.
F. Being expsed t artificial light in the late evening culd interfere with yur ability t fall asleep.
G. They als recmmend rethinking the curtains yu might use t fster a very dark sleeping envirnment.
三、完形填空（15空）
One f my neighbrs used t have a beautiful tree in her frnt yard. Her dad had planted it fr her when it was 1 a little branch and several years later it started t 2 twards the sky at an amazing speed. Sn it 3 her with cling shade in the summer and glrius, glden leaves in the fall.
When the tw-day snwstrm struck ur twn, heavy snw fell n the tree’s branches that were still full f leaves. The weight split that lvely tree dwn the middle. I was s 4 seeing half f it lying n the grund after the strm. When I talked t my neighbr later, she said that the damage had been t much and that the entire tree wuld have t be cut dwn. 5 , she had saved a few seedlings frm it that she hped t replant in the future.
Still, it was a(n) 6 t drive by her huse the ther day and see nthing but a stump(树桩) in her frnt yard. I missed that tree. I missed its branches, its leaves 7 in the afternn sun. I missed seeing its limbs reach twards the heavens. I thught that the stump wuld be a sad reminder f its 8 fr a lng time t cme.
My wnderful neighbr had anther plan, 9 . When I drve by her hme tday I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting n that stump and a clrful sngbird having its dinner. It was such an affirmatin(肯定) f 10 . It was such a jy t 11 .
Life by its very nature is a 12 bag. It hands us bth beauty and 13 , lve and lss, pleasure and pain. What we d with it, hwever, is up t us. We can let it split us in tw, r we can use even its 14 times t make ur suls strnger and ur hearts mre lving. We can spend it cmplaining r we can 15 it t help thers.
17、A. nne ther thanB. nthing mre than
C. nwhere nearD. anything but
18、A. circulateB. twerC. shtD. stand
19、A. equippedB. decratedC. blessedD. hnured
20、A. relievedB. grievedC. astnishedD. fascinated
21、A. OriginallyB. DubtfullyC. ThankfullyD. Critically
22、A. amazementB. shckC. annyanceD. delight
23、A. fallingB. shakingC. flatingD. shining
24、A. glryB. lssC. birthD. cmpany
25、A. thughB. therefreC. stillD. therwise
26、A. natureB. hpeC. lifeD. value
27、A. seeB. slveC. apprachD. realize
28、A. mixedB. changeableC. separatedD. stable
29、A. faithB. tragedyC. wealthD. wnder
30、A. happiestB. hardestC. greatestD. easiest
31、A. emplyB. highlightC. accumulateD. cherish
四、短文填空
32、If yu stp a randm persn n the street in China, there’s a pretty gd chance their surname ①________(be) either Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu r Chen. That’s ②________ thse are the five mst cmmn surnames in China — shared by 30% f the ppulatin. And the vast majrity f the ppulatin share just 100 f thse surnames. ③________ (put) that in perspective, the United States reprted 6. 3 millin surnames in its 2010 census.
There are a few reasns fr this: China is less ④________ (racial) diverse than cuntries such as the US, where a wealth f minrity grups increase surname diversity. It als has t d ⑤________ language; yu can’t just add a randm strke t a Chinese character and create a new surname.
But there’s als anther factr at play: technlgy. With China ⑥________ (rar) int the digital age, nearly everything has mved nline—frm making appintments t buying train tickets. The main prblem is that nt all Chinese characters ⑦________ (cde) int cmputer systems. That meant ⑧________ wrld f truble if yu happened t have a rare character in yur name. As f 2017, up t 60 millin Chinese citizens faced this predicament, accrding t Xinhua.
Peple with rare characters in their names, ⑨________ aren’t cmpatible with existing cmputer systems, can get left behind — pushing many t change their names fr the sake f ⑩________ (cnvenient), even if it means abandning centuries f heritage and language.
T try t address this, experts have increased the database frm 32, 000 characters t 70, 000 characters, accrding t the gvernment. They’re still wrking t expand it t include mre than 90, 000 characters, said Chen Jiawei, an assciate prfessr at Beijing Nrmal University.
五、书面表达
33、假如你是李华，受社区邀请为老年人做一个主题为“提高防骗意识、增强防范能力”的演讲，
内容包括：
1.诈骗类型；
2.防范方法。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a Friday evening in December, tw weeks befre Christmas, I lst my jb. I hadn’t seen it cming. I was excited fr the weekend when my daughter, Kristil, planned t get ur Christmas tree. Then I listened t my vicemail “We’re srry, but yur wrk assignment has ended as f tday.” My heart sank.
I was the nly parent. My paycheck was survival. I did everything I culd t give Kristil a gd life, but there were sme things my lve culdn’t fix. The next day as we searched fr ur tree, I struggled t be cheerful as I eyed the Christmas tree prices.
Mnday mrning, I drpped Kristil at schl and set ff n my mneymaking pursuits. Lking fr where t sell stuff, I headed t the pawnshp with a garnet ring set in 14-karat gld that had belnged t my mther. “Best I can d is $70,” the wner said. “The stnes are wrthless. We’re nly interested in the gld. ” Next was the antiques stre. I sld six Precius Mments sculptures fr $150. I ended the day $220 richer—nt bad.
Over the next week, I desperately applied fr jbs as my bank accunt grew smaller. I felt as if the wrld was clsing in n me. On a weekend afternn, I drpped Kristil in a wealthy gated cmmunity fr a birthday party. I watched as she went in, surrunded by all the nice things we culdn’t affrd. I drve hme defeated.
Back at hme, it had been snwing n and ff all mrning. I nticed a petite wman in an blue vercat struggling t pen her car dr against the wind. As she gt ut, I realized it was my ld prfessr, Esther Heffernan. I hadn’t seen her since we’d met fr lunch three mnths ag. I’d first met Esther 10 years earlier, when I was her student in Madisn, Wiscnsin. Kristil was 3 at the time, and I smetimes tk her t class. She was understanding and wuld bring clring bks t ccupy Kristil.
After I graduated, Esther kept in tuch, meeting me fr lunch every few mnths. I had grwn t lve her like family. I rushed t the frnt f my building. “What are yu ding ut in this weather?” I asked as we hugged.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I made her a cup f tea, and we talked.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I walked her t her car and waved as she pulled away.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It shws the grwth f the immersive schls in America.(它显示了沉浸式学校在美国的发展)” 和图表提供的曲线图和数据2007-2021年间“沉浸式中文学校”的数目可知，自2007年以来，“沉浸式中文学校”在美国大幅增加。故选D。
2、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One f the students, a 5-year-ld by, picks ut his mney and greets Xia with ‘ni ha’, starting the cnversatin as he has been taught. Then he wrks in sme vcabulary wrds t ask fr a plastic ear f crn. Xia tells him the price, and he cunts the mney in his hand befre making the exchange. They finish with ‘xiexie’ r ‘thank yu’. (其中一名5岁的男孩拿出他的钱，用“你好”和夏斌打招呼，开始了对话训练。然后他练习一些词汇来询问一个塑料玉米穗。夏告诉了他价格，他在交易前数了数手里的钱。最后他们以“谢谢”或“thank yu”结束。) ”和最后一段“In this ne exercise, they’ve practiced a lt in such a ‘real situatin’. And all f this takes place in Chinese.(在这一次练习中，他们在这样的“真实情境”中进行了大量的练习。而且这一切都是用中文进行的)”可推知，在这个练习中，孩子们会练习词汇、句子结构、数学和文化。故选A。
3、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The fllwing chart is prvided by Elizabeth Weise frm《America Tday》(以下图表由《今日美国》的伊丽莎白·魏斯提供)”可推知，Elizabeth Weis可能是《America Tday》(《今日美国》)报刊的记者。故选C。
4、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The babies were premature nes kept alive in incubatrs(婴儿保育箱)pineered by Dr. Martin Cuney.”（这些婴儿都是早产儿，在Martin Cuney首创的婴儿保育箱中存活。）和“many children survived wh never wuld have had a chance therwise”（许多孩子活了下来，否则他们永远不会有机会）可知，Dr. Martin Cuney的婴儿保育箱使许多早产儿得以存活。故选C。
5、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Brn in 12, Lucille Hrn ended up in an incubatr n Cney Island. ”（Lucille Hrn出生于12年，在科尼岛的一个婴儿保育箱中长大。）可知，Hrn最终在保育箱中存活下来；由第三段“And the hspital staff tld her father that there wasn’t a chance she’d live”（医院的工作人员告诉她父亲，她已经没有活下去的机会了。）和“But her father refused t accept that answer. He grabbed a blanket t wrap her in, called a taxi, and tk her t Cney Island—and t Dr. Cuney’s infant exhibit.”（但是她的父亲拒绝接受这个回答，他拿了一条毯子把她裹起来，叫了一辆出租车，带她去了科尼岛，以及Dr. Cuney的婴儿展览。）可知，Hrn的父亲不接受医院的说法，所以带她去科尼岛Dr. Cuney的婴幼儿展览 ，可以推测这也是Hrn在当时情况下可能活下去的唯一希望了。故选B。
6、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“a man wh was uneasily lking at his small infant.”（一个男人不安地看着他的小婴儿。）和Dr. Cuney的话语“She’s ne f ur babies. And that’s hw yur baby’s gnna grw up.”（她是我们的孩子。你的孩子就会这样长大。）可知，Dr. Cuney用成活的早产儿Hrn作例子来安慰这位焦虑的父亲，缓解他不安的情绪。故选A。
7、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“The medical establishment had rejected his incubatrs, but Dr. Cuney didn’t give up n his aims. Starting in 1896, he funded his wrk by displaying the babies and charging 25 cents t see the shw.”（医疗机构拒绝了他的保育箱，但Cuney没有放弃自己的目标。从1896年开始，他通过展示婴儿和收取25美分的费用来资助他的工作。）可知，Dr. Cuney在被医疗机构拒绝的情况下没有放弃，而是灵活改变方法，以实现自己的目标；同时，由第三段“But her father refused t accept that answer. He grabbed a blanket t wrap her in, called a taxi, and tk her t Cney Island—and t Dr. Cuney’s infant exhibit.”（但是她的父亲拒绝接受这个回答，他拿了一条毯子把她裹起来，叫了一辆出租车，带她去了科尼岛，以及Dr. Cuney的婴儿展览。）可知，孩子的父亲在医院给出孩子无法存活的回答后，没有放弃，而是选择去Cuney的婴幼儿展览，最终让孩子得以存活长大。这都说明了做事情要有灵活的思维，多想办法，以实现自己的目标。故选D。
8、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Thse with generalized anxiety disrder r md disrders ften reprt feeling uncmfrtable with r being trubled by feelings f uncertainty-which desn’t help when yu need t make a decisin, big r small. (患有广泛性焦虑症或情绪障碍的人经常报告说，他们对不确定感感到不舒服或感到困扰，而这种不确定感在你需要做出重大或小决定时都没有帮助。)”可知根据文章，影响决策的一项是不确定会发生什么，故选B。
9、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。文章第五段讲到“and the ther unstable, in which the shape with a higher prbability f resulting in reward switched every twenty trials. In the unstable blck, therefre, the participants had t keep adjusting their respnses as the prbabilities change. (另一个是不稳定的，在另一个阶段中，每20次试验中，获得奖励的概率较高的形状就会发生变化。因此，在不稳定的区块中，参与者必须随着概率的变化不断调整自己的反应。)”可知不稳定区块的目的是创造快速变化的局面，故选A。
10、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Snia Bishp suggests that encuraging peple t fcus n past successes rather than failures culd be a useful behaviral interventin, making thse difficult decisins a bit less tricky. (Snia Bishp建议，鼓励人们专注于过去的成功而不是失败，这可能是一种有用的行为干预，让那些艰难的决定变得不那么棘手)”可知Snia Bishp建议关注过去的成功的原因是为了改善决策。故选A。
11、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“Nw in a new study, researchers find that peple with higher levels f anxiety and depressin are less able t adapt t fast-changing situatins. But with the right interventin(干预)there may be ways t help thse with anxiety r depressin make better decisins in the mment. (现在，在一项新的研究中，研究人员发现，焦虑和抑郁程度较高的人更难适应快速变化的环境。但只要有正确的干预也许有办法帮助那些焦虑或抑郁的人在当下做出更好的决定。)”可知这项研究可以给出的建议是在做决定时减少焦虑或抑郁，故选D。
12、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第五句“Needless t say, I have t struggle t make myself extensively understd.(更不用说，我必须努力让自己被广泛地理解)”可知，作者的想法目前并没有被广泛接受，即没有被大众广泛支持。故选A项。
13、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“If yu cut cmmuting time by 10 percent, peple wh nw drive fifty miles each way t wrk can find reasn t mve five miles farther ut, because their travel time wn’t change.(如果你将通勤时间减少10%，那么现在每天单程开车50英里上班的人就有理由再往外走5英里，因为他们的行程时间不会改变)”可知，如果通勤时间减少，人们会愿意住得离上班的地方更远些。故选C项。
14、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一二句“Traffic cngestin (拥堵) isn’t an envirnmental prblem; traffic is. Relieving cngestin withut ding anything t reduce the ttal vlume f cars can nly make the real prblem wrse. Highway engineers have knwn fr a lng time that building new car lanes nly temprarily reduces cngestin, because the new lanes add additinal driving.（交通拥堵不是环境问题；交通本身就是。不采取任何措施减少汽车总量来缓解拥堵只会使真正的问题变得更糟。公路工程师们早就知道，修建新的车道只是暂时减少拥堵，因为新车道增加了额外的驾驶。）”可知，作者认为现有的比如增加车道目的在不缓解拥堵，但实际上增加了驾驶，从长远看反而对环境有害。故可推测出作者认为这些措施是出自好心，但对环境有害。故选B项。
15、答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句“That means that a new traffic system has t be supprted by reductin in car use.(这意味着新的交通系统必须通过减少汽车使用来支持)”和最后一句“N ne ever prmtes a transprtatin system by arguing that it wuld make travelling less cnvenient—even thugh, frm an envirnmental perspective, incnvenient travel is a wrthy gal.(从来没有人通过争论某个交通系统会使旅行变得不那么方便来推广这个交通系统，尽管从环境角度来看，不方便的旅行是一个值得追求的目标)”可知，在作者眼里，为了缓解环境压力，把开车出行变得不那么方便，不那么让人开心是一个好方法在，这也是他在本文中推崇的。故选D项。
16、答案：①-⑤CDBFE
解析：①根据上文“The secret t becming a mrning persn is expsure t bright light, says Jennifer Martin, president f the bard f directrs fr the American Academy f Sleep Medicine. That’s because light suppresses melatnin, a hrmne that plays an imprtant rle in circadian rhythm.(美国睡眠医学学会董事会主席詹妮弗·马丁说，早起的秘诀就是多晒太阳。这是因为光线会抑制褪黑激素，而褪黑激素在昼夜节律中起着重要作用)”可知，上文提到了光线会抑制褪黑激素，说明多晒太阳可以调节体内的生物钟。故C选项“太阳是我们体内时钟的驱动者”符合语境，故选C。
②根据后文“Yu culd frce yurself t get up at yur desired time every day, knwing that yu’ll feel tired during the transitin but will naturally start falling asleep earlier within a few weeks. But fr sme peple—like thse wh need t drive lng distances—thse first few days f exhaustin frm switching t a new schedule aren’t safe. In that case, Martin recmmends gradually easing int the early-bird life. “What I’ll suggest t peple is t shift half an hur, wait a few days, shift anther half an hur, wait a few days, and then shift anther half an hur,” she says.(你可以强迫自己每天在你想要时间起床，知道在过渡期间你会感到疲劳，但在几周内就会自然地开始早睡。但对于一些人来说，比如那些需要长途驾驶的人，转换到新时间表后最初几天的疲惫是不安全的。在这种情况下，马丁建议逐渐进入早起鸟的生活。她说：“我建议人们换半小时，等几天，再换半小时，等几天，然后再换半小时。”)”可知，本段主要说明了开启早起的具体方法，故D选项“有两种方法来开启你的早起之旅”符合语境，故选D。
③根据本段内容“A cnsistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking t the same wake up time every day, but it’s still imprtant t make sure yu’re getting enugh sleep. Mst peple shuld aim fr at least seven hurs a night—s yu’ll prbably need t inch yur bedtime frward as yu transitin t a new schedule. Starting at least an hur befre yu hit the sack, cut back n hw much expsure t bright light yu’re getting, experts advise.(固定的就寝时间并不像每天起床时间一样重要，但确保睡眠充足仍然很重要。大多数人每晚至少应该睡7个小时，所以当你过渡到新的作息时间时，你可能需要一点点地提前就寝时间。专家建议，至少在睡觉前一小时开始，减少你接触强光的时间)”可知，本段主要说明了确保晚上的睡眠充足，空处为本段小标题，应体现晚上放松来确保睡眠质量的观点。故B选项“晚上放松一下”符合语境，故选B。
④根据上文“Starting at least an hur befre yu hit the sack, cut back n hw much expsure t bright light yu’re getting, experts advise.(专家建议，至少在睡觉前一小时开始，减少你接触强光的时间)”可知，上文提到建议睡前减少接触强光的时间，本句为本段最后一句，说明这么做的原因：在深夜暴露在人造光下会影响你入睡。故F选项“在深夜暴露在人造光下会影响你入睡”符合语境，故选F。
⑤根据后文““Nw is the time t g buy yur favrite cffee r pick up sme pastries t have when yur alarm ges ff at 5 a. m.,” she says. “Yu’re nt dreading it if yu think f that.”(她说：“现在是时候去买你最喜欢的咖啡或买一些糕点，在早上5点闹钟响的时候吃。如果你想到这一点，你就不会害怕了。”)”可知，后文提到通过在早上吃喜欢吃的食物，来摆脱起床的恐惧，故E选项“为了吸引你起床，马丁建议给自己一些特别的东西”符合语境，故选E。
17、答案：B
解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意：当它还只是一根小树枝的时候，爸爸就为她种下了它，几年后，它开始以惊人的速度冲向天空。A. nne ther than不是别人（他物）而正是；B. nthing mre than只不过，仅仅；C. nwhere near远不及；D. anything but决不。根据空后的“a little branch”可知，此处指“当它还只是一根小树枝时”，故选B。
18、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. circulate循环；B. twer高出；C. sht（使朝某方向）冲，奔；D. stand站立。根据空前的“several years later”以及空后“twards the sky at an amazing speed”可知，几年后，这棵树开始以惊人的速度向上生长。故选C。
19、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，它就为她带来了夏天凉爽的树荫和秋天灿烂的金色树叶。A. equipped装备，配备；B. decrated装饰；C. blessed祝福；D. hnured尊敬。根据空后“with cling shade in the summer and glrius, glden leaves in the fall”可知，此处指这棵树为她带来了夏天凉爽的树荫和秋天灿烂的金色树叶，bless sb with sth以某物施惠于某人，使某人有幸得到某物，符合语境，故选C。
20、答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：暴风雨过后，看到它的一半躺在地上，我很伤心。A. relieved宽慰的；B. grieved伤心的；C. astnished震惊的；D. fascinated入迷的。根据空后“seeing half f it lying n the grund after the strm”可知，看到这个情景，作者应是感到伤心，故选B。
21、答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸好她从中挽救了几棵幼苗，希望将来能重新种植。A. Originally起初，原来；B. Dubtfully怀疑地；C. Thankfully感激地；D. Critically批判性地。根据上文“the entire tree wuld have t be cut dwn(整棵树都得砍倒)”及空后“she had saved a few seedlings frm it(她从中救了几棵幼苗)”可知，作者对这棵树被毁感到很惋惜，故此处用“幸亏”可以表达作者听说邻居留有幼苗时的心情，故选C。
22、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，前几天开车经过她家时，看到前院除了一个树桩什么都没有，还是让人震惊。A. amazement惊奇；B. shck震惊；C. annyance烦恼；D. delight高兴。根据空后“see nthing but a stump(树桩) in her frnt yard”及下文作者提到想念那棵树可知，作者看到邻居的前院只有一个树桩时感到震惊，故选B。
23、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想念它的树枝，和在午后的阳光下闪闪发光的叶子。A. falling降落，落下； B. shaking颤抖，抖动；C. flating漂浮；D. shining发光，照耀。根据上文“I missed that tree. I missed its branches(我想念那棵树。我想念它的树枝)”及空后“in the afternn sun”可知，作者想念这棵树，所以此处应该描写树的美好，用“午后阳光下闪闪发光的叶子”可表达此意，故选D。
24、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想在未来的很长一段时间里树桩都将是一个悲伤的提醒，提醒它的消失。A. glry光荣，荣誉；B. lss失去，丧失；C. birth出生；D. cmpany陪伴。根据上文“see nthing but a stump(树桩) in her frnt yard”可知，只剩下一个树桩，故此处指树桩提醒着作者那棵树消失了，故选B。
25、答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，我的好邻居另有打算。A. thugh不过，可是；B. therefre因此；C. still依旧，仍然； D. therwise否则。结合上下文可知，作者对只剩下树桩感到震惊和惋惜，但邻居却利用树桩安装了喂鸟装置，所以上下文是转折关系。故选A。
26、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是对生命的肯定。A. nature自然；B. hpe希望；C. life生命；D. value价值。根据下文“Life by its very nature is a ____12____ bag.”可知，此处是作者对生命的感悟，故选C。
27、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到它真是太高兴了。A. see看见；B. slve解决；C. apprach接近；D. realize意识到，实现。此处是指作者看到树桩上又有了生命感到高兴，且上文“I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting n that stump(我看到树桩上有个小小的喂鸟器)”也有暗示，故选A。
28、答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生命本身就是一个混合的袋子。A. mixed混合的；B. changeable可改变的；C. separated分开的；D. stable稳定的。根据下文中“It hands us bth beauty and ____13____ , lve and lss, pleasure and pain.”可知，我们的生命中既有美好也有悲剧，既有爱也有失去，故此处用“混合的”符合语境，故选A。
29、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：它赋予我们美好与悲剧，爱与失去，快乐与痛苦。A. faith信念；B. tragedy悲剧；C. wealth财富；D. wnder奇迹。此处和“beauty”形成对比，tragedy符合语境，指“美好与悲剧”，故选B。
30、答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们可以让它把我们一分为二，或者我们可以利用它最艰难的时刻让我们的灵魂更强大，我们的心更有爱心。A. happiest最高兴的；B. hardest最艰难的；C. greatest最伟大的；D. easiest最容易的。根据空后“t make ur suls strnger and ur hearts mre lving”可知，应是最艰难的时刻才会让灵魂变得更强大，故选B。
31、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以用它来抱怨，也可以用它来帮助别人。A. emply雇用，使用，利用；B. highlight强调；C. accumulate积累；D. cherish珍惜。结合空后“t help thers”可知，此处指用生命来帮助别人，故选A。
32、答案：①wuld be/will be②because③T put④racially⑤with⑥raring⑦have been cded⑧a⑨which⑩cnvenience
解析：①考查时态。句意：如果你在中国的大街上随便拦下一个人，很有可能他姓王、姓李、姓张、姓刘或姓陈。结合“there’s a pretty gd chance(很有可能)”可知，此处可用wuld be，表示推测；if引导的条件状语从句用的是一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故此处也可填will be。故填wuld/will be。
②考查表语从句。句意：这是因为这是中国最常见的五个姓氏，30%的人都是这五个姓氏。结合句意可知，本句是与上文是因果关系，此处是解释原因，用because引导表语从句。故填because。
③考查动词不定式。句意：从这个角度来看，美国在2010年人口普查中报告了630万个姓氏。t put that in perspective从这个角度来看，固定短语，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填T put。
④考查副词。句意：这有几个原因：中国的种族多样性不如美国等国家，美国的大量少数民族增加了姓氏的多样性。空处修饰形容词diverse，应用副词形式。故填racially。
⑤考查介词。句意：这也和语言有关；你不能在汉字上随便画一个笔画就能创造一个新姓氏。have t d with…与……有关，固定搭配。故填with。
⑥考查现在分词。句意：随着中国迅速进入数字时代，从预约到购买火车票，几乎所有事情都转移到了网上。此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，动词rar和宾语China之间是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填raring。
⑦考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：主要的问题是，并不是所有的汉字都被编码进了计算机系统。结合句意可知，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，且主语characters和动词cde之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，助动词用have，故填have been cded。
⑧考查不定冠词。句意：如果你的名字里碰巧有一个稀有的字符，那就意味着会有很多麻烦。a wrld f许多，大量的，固定短语，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词均可。故填a。
⑨考查定语从句。句意：名字中有罕见字的人，因为不兼容现有的计算机系统，可能会被抛在后面——这促使许多人为了方便而改名，即使这意味着放弃几个世纪的遗产和语言。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是rare characters，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
⑩考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词作f的宾语，cnvenience方便，不可数名词。故填cnvenience。
33、答案：
With the number f the internet users increasingly expanding, Internet frauds have becme a huge prblem in recent years. Tday I will give a brief intrductin t sme cmmn traps and ffer yu suggestins n handling these.
Cybercrime cmes in many cvert ways. Sme frauds will tempt yu t set up an accunt and prvide yur persnal infrmatin with s-called red packets r ther pecuniary advantages. Others scare yu that yur relative meets an emergency and ask yu t transfer mney t an unfamiliar accunt.
If yu are in such situatins, please stay calm. Yu can call the plice t have a check. In rder t ensure the security f yur prperty, yu’d better install and register the Natinal Anti-fraud Center App. Please keep in mind that “refuse t give strangers mney and refuse the mney given by strangers”.
解析：1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin→advice
确保：ensure→make sure
安全：security→safety
记住：keep in mind→remember
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In rder t ensure the security f yur prperty, yu’d better install and register the Natinal Anti-fraud Center App.
拓展句：Yu’d better install and register the Natinal Anti-fraud Center App, s that yu can ensure the security f yur prperty.
34、答案：
I made her a cup f tea and we talked. Just being in Esther’s presence gave me hpe that things wuld be all right. “Well, I tried t call last week but culdn’t get thrugh. Having learnt that yu weren’t wrking there anymre, I thught I wuld cme by,” Esther said. “I have a cuple f gifts fr yu and Kristil. ” As she gt up t leave, she handed me a Christmas card. “This is fr yu,” she said as she kissed me n the cheek.
I walked her t her car and waved as she pulled away. When I pened her card, I gasped in shck. There was mney inside. Hundred-dllar bills fell nt the table. Tears f gratitude welled up in my eyes as I cunted. Esther had given me $1,000. On Christmas mrning, Kristil and I gathered arund ur tree, and I jyfully watched as she pened her Christmas gifts. I silently thanked Esther in my heart. The year Santa’s suit went frm signature red t true blue.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我给她泡了杯茶，我们聊了聊”可知，第一段可描写作者和Esther闲聊的过程以及Esther提出要给作者礼物。
②由第二段首句内容“我陪她走到她的车前，在她把车开走时向她挥手”可知，第二段可描写作者打开Esther的卡片，看到了里面的一千美金现金。
2.续写线索：聊天——Esther提出要给礼物——Esther离开——打开卡片——发现钱——感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
一些：a cuple f /sme
离开：leave/g
战起：get up/stand up
情绪类
感谢：gratitude /thankfulness
快乐：jyfully /happily
Immersive (沉浸式) Schls in America
In recent years, there have been quite a few Chinese immersive schls in America.
Full Immersin: Pre-k children aged 2 t 4 are fully immersed in Chinese all day — 5 days per week.
Part Immersin: Children (in kindergarten thrugh Grade 5 in primary schls, frm Grade 6 t Grade 8 in middle schls) learn all subjects in bth Chinese and English.