山东省2024届新高考英语一轮复习专项提升模拟试题1（含答案）

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这是一份山东省2024届新高考英语一轮复习专项提升模拟试题1（含答案），共13页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37， D．30，5分，满分15分)，课余活动等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A (2023山东新高考命题研究专家原创)
Canadians are blessed with an abundance f natural wnders with enugh lakeslifetime.Weand rivers t explre fr a lifetime.We've als gt sme f the mst amazing waterfalls n Earth.
Hrseshe Falls—Niagara Falls，Ontari
Niagara Falls are the mst famus waterfalls in Canada—and uns.Actuallyy s.Actually they are made up f three different fallsAmerica.Multiplely named Hrseshe Falls is the nly ne lcated n the Canadian side，which is the mst pwerful in Nrth America.Multiple viewing ptins are available including turist ships and sightseeing buses.
Nailich(Virginia Falls)—Nahanni Natinal Park Reserve，Nrthwest Territries
Cming in at twice the height f Niagara Falls，this massive waterfall is lcated n the Suth Nahanni River in the remte lcatin means it receives nly abut 1，000 visitrs per year wh must make their way by either bat r flatplane.
Takakkaw Falls—Yh Natinal Park，British Clumbia
Takakkaw translated frm Cree lsely means“the magnificent(壮丽的)”，and it's a suitable wrd fr the secndhighest waterfall in Canada.After a steep drive up a winding rad，Takakkaw Falls is nly a shrt distance frm the parking lt alng a wheelchair accessible path.
Bridal Veil Falls—Bridal Veil Falls Prvincial Park，British Clumbia
Pretty and delicate，Bridal Veil Falls is lcated just east f Chilliwack，British Clumbia，and really des lk like its name，with water gently puring ver smth rck.An easy 15minute walk t the waterfall takes yu thrugh rich leaves.Tables are available t have a meal utdrs，and there are lts f pprtunities fr viewing wildlife alng the way.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主题语境是“人与自然”，介绍了加拿大的一些令人惊叹的瀑布。
1．What d we knw abut Hrseshe Falls?
A．It is easily accessible.
B．It cnsists f three falls.
C．It limits turist numbers.
D．It crsses Nrth America.
A [考查细节理解。根据第一个小标题下的“Multiple viewing ptins are available including turist ships and sightseeing buses”可知，欣赏马蹄瀑布有多种选择，其中包括游船和游览巴士，故马蹄瀑布的交通便利，很容易就可以到达。]
2．Hw can visitrs g t Takakkaw Falls?
A．By turist ship. B．By cable car.
C．By flatplane.D．By car.
D [考查细节理解。根据第三个小标题下的“After a steep drive up a winding rad，Takakkaw Falls is nly a shrt distance frm the parking lt alng a wheelchair accessible path”可知，游客可以驾车前往Takakkaw瀑布。]
3．What can visitrs d in Bridal Veil Falls?
A．Swim. B．Camp.
C．Picnic.D．Hunt.
C [考查细节理解。根据最后一个小标题下的“Tables are available t have a meal utdrs”可知，游客在新娘面纱瀑布可以进行野餐，故选C。]
B
Twentyfur trains，nine cuntries，13，500 miles.They are the numbers behind the heric rund trip ne man tk frm Suthamptn in the UK t eastern China.
Rger Tyers，37，used ver $2，500，which was almst twice mre than the cst f a return flight，t travel t the Chinese prt city Ningb fr academic research in May，2019.The man spent a mnth n bard 15 trains during the first leg f his rund trip.It was the climate crisis，nt a lve f trains，that drve the scilgist t chse this cmplicated rute ver a return flight.He stpped flying when UN climate experts warned that the wrld had less than 11 years t avid terrible levels f glbal warming.Tyers calculated that his train jurney t China prduced almst 90% less emissins than a return flight.
Tyers is nt the nly persn t avid air travel in respnse t climate change.Thusands f peple wrldwide have publicly prmised t stp flying.Activist Maja Rsen launched the“Flight Free”campaign in Sweden with the gal f encuraging 100，000 peple nt t fly fr ne year.Althugh nly arund 14，000 peple signed the nline“#flightfree2019”pledge(保证)，Rsen，wh stpped flying 12 years ag，says that the campaign had made mre peple wrry abut the climate crisis and aware f harm f travel by air and mtivated them t try new ways f travelling.
Accrding t a survey released in May 2019 by Swedish Railways(SJ)，37% f respndents chse t travel by train instead f by plane where pssible，cmpared t 20% at the start f 2018.An SJ spkespersn said：“Rail travel has been augmented due t the wrries.”Dmestic passenger numbers in July fell by 12% cmpared t the previus year，accrding t Swedavia，a cmpany which perates Sweden's 10 busiest airprts.
“The cllective pledge helps fight the sense f hpelessness many peple feel when it cmes t tackling climate change”，Rsen said.“One f the prblems is that peple feel there's n pint in what yu d as an individual.The campaign is abut making peple aware that if we d this tgether，we can actually bring changes.”
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻类记叙文，主题语境是“人与自然”。社会学家Rger Tyers乘坐了24列火车，穿越了9个国家，花了一个月时间才到达中国宁波。他这样做不是出于对火车的喜爱，而是因为气候危机。如今，很多人已经加入不再乘飞机出行的行列。
4．Hw many trains did Rger Tyers take in his trip frm China t the UK?
A．9. B．15.
C．24. D．30.
A [考查细节理解。根据第一段“Twentyfur trains，nine cuntries... rund trip ne man tk frm Suthamptn in the UK t eastern China”和第二段的“The man spent a mnth n bard 15 trains during the first leg”可知，Rger Tyers往返两地一共乘坐24列火车，前往中国坐了15列，故回程乘坐9列火车。]
5．What des“augmented”underlined in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Reduced. B．Adjusted
C．Bsted.D．Applied.
C [考查词义猜测。根据上文对Rger Tyers坐火车出行的描述以及画线词前的“37% f respndents chse t travel by train instead f by plane where pssible，cmpared t 20% at the start f 2018”可知，由于对气候变化的担心，更多人选择低碳的火车出行方式，因此火车旅行得到了发展。]
6．What d yu knw abut the“Flight Free”campaign?
A．It impacted the develpment f turism.
B．It was strngly supprted by the Swedish.
C．It aimed t warn f the danger f flying.
D．It inspired peple's cnfidence t make a difference.
D [考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The cllective pledge helps fight the sense f hpelessness many peple feel when it cmes t tackling climate change”“The campaign is abut making peple aware that if we d this tgether，we can actually bring changes”可知，这次运动有助于消除人们应对气候变化时的无助感，使人们意识到大家一起做便会有作用，故选D项。]
7．In which sectin f a newper may this text appear?
A．Travel.B．Envirnment.
C．Educatin.D．Lifestyle.
B [考查文章出处。综合全文内容可知，本文通过Rger Tyers乘火车参加学术会议这件事引出低碳出行以应对气候危机这一话题，因此属于环境这一范畴。]
C (2023山东新高考名校联考)
Anyne wh ges t and ff wrk by car knws that traffic jams are an unavidable part f life.But humans are nt alne.Ants als travel regularly between their nest and surces f fd.The survival f their grups depends n ding this efficiently.
Fr humans，there's a pint at which cars becme dense(密集的) enugh t slw dwn the flw f traffic，causing traffic jams.Mtsch，Assistant Prfessr at Arizna State University，and his clleagues wanted t knw if the same is true f ants.S they cntrlled traffic density(密度) by cnstructing bridges f varius widths between a grup f Argentine ants and a surce f fd.Then they waited and watched.But it appears that jams have never happened.They never，at ne pint，just stpped.They always managed t avid traffic jams.
The flw f ants did increase initially as ants started t fill the bridge and then leveled ff.But it never slwed dwn，even when the bridge was nearly full f ants.The researchers then tk a clser lk at hw the behavir f each individual ant impacted traffic as a whle.That meant carefully tracking thusands f separate ants as they made their way acrss the bridge.Mtsch and his team fund that when ants sensed vercrwding，they adjusted their speeds and avided entering highdensity areas，which prevented jams.Ants als managed t avid clliding with each ther at highdensity areas，which culd really slw them dwn.
Can ants help us slve ur wn traffic prblems？Nt likely，says Mtsch.That's because when it cmes t getting frm pint A t pint B as fast as pssible，human drivers put their wn gals first.Ants have t be mre cperative(配合的) in rder t feed the grup.But the research culd be useful in ptimizing(使最优化) the traffic flw fr selfdriving cars，which can be designed t be mre like ants.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是“人与自然”。开车上下班的人都知道交通堵塞是生活中不可避免的一部分。蚂蚁也有类似的往返行为，它们往返于巢穴和食物来源之间。研究发现蚂蚁总能避免交通堵塞。
8．What des Mtsch's initial experiment intend t find abut ants?
A．Why ants slw dwn the flw f traffic.
B．Hw ants avid traffic jams.
C．Hw ants pass bridges f varius widths.
D．Whether ants get jammed in traffic.
D [考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ his clleagues wanted t knw if the same is true f ants.S always managed t avid traffic jams”可知，Mtsch和他的同事们想了解蚂蚁在活动中是否有交通堵塞问题。]
9．What des the underlined“it”in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A．The ant. B．The flw.
C．The bridge. D．The jam.
B [考查代词指代。根据语境可知，此处指的是上文的“The flw f ants”，这里是说蚂蚁队伍的活动从来没有减慢过。故选B项。]
10．Why is it hard t slve humans' traffic prblems like ants?
A．Due t heavy traffic flws.
B．Due t t many vehicles.
C．Due t lack f cmmn gals.
D．Due t cllisins with thers.
C [考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“That's because when it cmes t getting frm pint A t pint B as fast as pssible，human drivers put their wn gals first.Ants have t be mre cperative(配合的) in rder t feed the grup”可知，人类驾驶员不像蚂蚁一样有共同的目标，因此才让交通堵塞问题解决起来很麻烦。]
11．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Teamwrk：Key t Slving Traffic Jams
B．Ants：Experts at Aviding Traffic Jams
C．Study：Similar Behavirs f Man and Ants
D．Findings：Reasns fr Ants' Nt Getting Blcked
B [考查标题判断。研究人员在蚁群和食物来源之间建造不同宽度的桥梁，他们发现蚂蚁总能设法避免交通堵塞，所以B项最适合作文章标题。]
D (2023滨州市名校联合质检)
Fallen feathers may appear harmless，but small insects in Brazil shuld think twice abut appraching them.New research suggests Brazilian Pheidle xyps ants smetimes place feathers arund their undergrund nest's single entrance as lures(诱饵) fr ther creatures，which then fall in.
Ináci Gmes，an eclgist at the Federal University f Vicsa in Brazil，had never seen any descriptin in scientific studies f ants' building traps.He first nticed feathers arund ant nest entrances in city parks and n his cllege campus，and he fund tw interesting assumptins in scientific literature：the feathers culd cllect mrning dew(露水) in dry areas，r they culd act as lures.
Gmes is lead authr f an August study in Eclgical Entmlgy that experimentally tested bth ideas.The researchers prepared a large supply f wet cttn balls and put them arund ants' nests but fund the ants still came ut f the nests and cllected feathers，suggesting the first assumptin was brken.The team fund that artificial traps with feathers arund them caught mre wandering insects than thse withut.Gmes says that nce prey(猎物) such as mites，springtails r ther species f ants falls in，the nest entrance's sft walls make it hard fr it t climb ut，and the ccupiers quickly subjected it.
Helen McCreery，a bilgist at Harvard University，wh was nt invlved in Gmes's research，says the study is“really cl”and well dne.“It's an extremely charming，visible behavir，”McCreery adds.“There are certainly very few examples f ants' acquiring fd withut leaving their nest.It's meaningful fr scientists，fr they can use similar traps t catch wild samples.”
McCreery is curius abut the reasn that prey wuld g t the feather in the first place.Gmes suggests bth smell we may nt ntice and the frm we get accustmed t are ptential draws.“In general，sil insects are very curius in nature—especially when they lk fr fd，”Gmes says.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是“人与自然”。来自巴西的生态学家Ináci Gmes发现巴西的一种蚂蚁会把掉落的羽毛放在洞口作为诱饵，来捕杀落入洞中的猎物。
12．What were the wet cttn balls mentined in Paragraph 3 used fr?
A．Building different artificial traps.
B．Prviding ants with plentiful water.
C．Luring the ants ut f their nests.
D．Prtecting insects frm being eaten.
B [考查推理判断。根据第二段的“he fund tw interesting assumptins in scientific literature：the feathers culd cllect mrning dew(露水) in dry areas，r they culd act as lures”和第三段的“researchers prepared a large supply f wet cttn first assumptin was brken”可知，Gmes设想了两种假设：羽毛是用来收集露水或者是用作诱饵，于是他们开始做实验进行探究。他们把湿润的棉球放在蚂蚁的洞穴周围，他们发现蚂蚁仍旧出去收集羽毛，这证明了第一个假设不对，由此可推知，湿棉球是用来给蚂蚁提供水的。]
13．What d Helen McCreery's wrds imply?
A．The research still has a lng way t g.
B．The research lacks cnvincing examples.
C．The ants affrd lessns t the scientists.
D．The ants are extremely charming creatures.
C [考查推理判断。根据第四段的“It's meaningful fr scientists，fr they can use similar traps t catch wild samples”可知，Helen McCreery认为蚂蚁的这一行为对科学家们来说意义重大，科学家们可以用这样的方法来捕捉样本生物。C项表示“蚂蚁带给科学家经验”，符合题意。]
14．Why can the feathers lure prey effectively?
A．Their shape and smell are attractive.
B．Sme prey feeds n the feathers.
C．They are usually in unnticeable places.
D．Sil insects are careless in nature.
A [考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“McCreery is curius abut the reasn that prey wuld g t the feather in the first place.Gmes suggests bth smell we may nt ntice and the frm we get accustmed t are ptential draws”可知，McCreery对羽毛吸引猎物的原因很好奇，Gmes作了回答：它们具有的我们没有注意到的气味和我们习以为常的形状对猎物来说是潜在的吸引物，故A项正确。]
15．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．Curius sil insects in nature
B．Fallen feathers bring dangers t insects
C．Tw interesting assumptins
D．Brazilian ants build unusual traps fr prey
D [考查标题判断。综合全文可知，文章主要讲了巴西的一种蚂蚁会收集羽毛，把它们当作诱饵放在洞口来捕捉猎物。故D项适合用作文章标题。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(湖北2023调考)Fr many f us，cllege can be a game f trial and errr.Fr me，the time I spent in cllege was invaluable，nt just fr the degree itself，but because it's where I finally grew up. 16
Delay rarely pays.
Thrughut high schl，I was typically able t put ff a task until the last minute. 17 I learned the imprtance f making a large cmmitment early，then dedicating a few hurs a day t it t insure it gets dne right，especially when burdened with big prjects and papers.
◆ 18
When I began my freshman year，I knew I wanted t g int sprts bradcasting.Tw years later，I fell in lve with news feature writing.Then six mnths after that，with web cntent creatin，I learned that plans are always subject t changes and shuld never be restrictive.And that didn't make them any less significant.
N ne has it all figured ut.
19 But in fact the big realizatin f adulthd fr me is that mst f us are just ging alng fr the ride and ding the best we can.
Time management is key.
After ging t cllege，a variety f activities have als becme enriched.Yu have t face the prblems which everyne has t face，such as balancing academics，cmmunity activities，wrk experience，because thse will defeat yu. 20
A．Every minute must be made use f.
B．The gals and dreams will change all the time.
C．We must learn t chse and adjust ur schedule.
D．Only by ding s can we realize the imprtance f cllege life.
E．Here are the biggest lessns I learned utside f the classrm walls.
F．But yu usually can't d that at a cllegiate level.
G．I nce assumed that adults have it all and never feel lst.
【语篇解读】文章介绍了作者认为自己的大学生活特别宝贵的理由，并针对如何度过大学生活提出了建议。
16．E [由文章首段内容以及后续段落中的小标题可知，这是一篇总——分结构的文章。文章中的四个小标题分别概括了作者在大学时期学到的几点经验，选项E中的“the biggest lessns”与下文中的四个小标题呼应。故选E项。]
17．F [空格前提到作者在高中时往往将任务拖到最后一分钟才完成，下文提到作者认识到不拖延的重要性，前后内容构成转折关系。选项F(但是到了大学阶段，你就不能常常那样做了)符合语境，其中的“at a cllegiate level”与上文的“Thrughut high schl”相呼应，将高中和大学的生活作对比，承接上文。故选F项。]
18．B [空格位于小标题处。根据其他三个小标题的句式结构可知，此处应为一个简短的陈述句。根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲到计划会不断变化。选项B(计划和梦想总是会改变)符合语境，其中的“The gals and dreams”与该段中的“plans”相呼应，“will change all the time”与该段中的“are always subject t changes”相呼应。故选B项。]
19．G [根据小标题“N ne has it all figured ut.”可知，本段的主旨是所有人都会感到迷茫。空后有表示转折的连词But，故空后的内容应与设空处形成语义上的转折，空后提到作者在成年后发现大多数人都在随大溜，尽自己所能做到最好。选项G(我之前认为成年人什么都明白，并且从来不会迷茫)介绍了作者之前的想法，与下文相对比，构成转折。故选G项。]
20．C [由小标题(时间管理很重要)可知，本段主要讲到时间管理。设空处前提到每个人都会遇到时间协调上的问题，我们要平衡学业、社团活动和工作等。选项C(我们必须学会选择与调整我们的日程安排)中的chse and adjust与段落小标题中的Time management相呼应，且承接上文。故选C项。]
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(河北衡水一中2023联考·改编)At weekends，I went t the lcal library t brrw bks as usual.On my way there I wuld pass by the nursing hme.This time as I walked tward the library，I saw an ld wman 21 there all by herself.Tday I decided t g t talk t her instead f just walking past.
The ld wman was very 22 t share her life with me.She tld me abut her 23 and that her father was an activist.She tld me abut the wnderful 24 she had taken when she was explring in Africa and the 25 mments she had with her friends.She smiled while 26 her best times.We sat there fr abut an hur.
She tld me she was 27 and that it was nice t talk t smene after such a lng time.The last persn she had had a(n) 28 with was a nurse but she had fund anther 29 and left.
It made me feel 30 that sme ld peple are easily affected by the scial 31 ．And smetimes this can have a serius impact n their 32 ．We shuld try ur best t re sme time t 33 the elderly，whether they are ur grandparents，neighbrs r 34 a randm elderly persn.The elderly wman was highly 35 and I learned s much frm her in less than an hur.
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者在一次与养老院的一位老妇人交谈过后感悟到，我们应尽力抽时间陪伴老人，倾听他们的故事。
21．A．singing B．sitting
C．sbbing D．sleeping
B [根据第二段最后一句“We sat there fr abut an hur.”可知，这位老人独自坐在那儿。sing意为“唱歌”；sit意为“坐”；sb意为“啜泣”；sleep意为“睡觉”。]
22．A．excited B．surprised
C．anxius D．embarrassed
A [根据后文的内容可知，这位老人和作者分享了很多事情，结合选项可知，她应是非常兴奋地跟作者分享她的人生。excited意为“兴奋的”；surprised意为“惊奇的”；anxius意为“焦虑的”；embarrassed意为“尴尬的”。]
23．A．hbbies B．success
C．friends D．family
D [根据设空处后的“her father was an activist”可知，老人告诉了作者关于她家庭的事。hbby意为“业余爱好”；success意为“成功”；friend意为“朋友”；family意为“家庭”。]
24．A．adventures B．theaters
C．places D．experiences
A [根据空后的“she had taken when she was explring in Africa”可知，老人给作者讲述了自己在非洲考察时那些精彩的冒险经历。adventure意为“冒险经历”；theater意为“剧院”；place意为“地方”；experience意为“经历”。]
25．A．different B．terrible
C．difficult D．fun
D [根据空后的“mments she had with her friends”并结合常识可知，此处应指老人和她的朋友们度过的开心的时刻。different意为“不同的”；terrible意为“可怕的”；difficult意为“困难的”；fun意为“使人快乐的”。]
26．A．enjying B．describing
C．perfrming D．remembering
B [根据上文中的“She tld me”可知，老人在向作者叙述以前美好的时光。enjy意为“喜欢；享受……的乐趣”；describe意为“叙述；描述”；perfrm意为“表演”；remember意为“记得”。]
27．A．alne B．happy
C．ppular D．grateful
A [根据第一段提到一位老妇独自坐在那里和空后的“it was nice t talk t smene”可知，老人告诉作者她是孤独的。alne意为“孤独的；寂寞的”；happy意为“快乐的”；ppular意为“受欢迎的”；grateful意为“感激的”。]
28．A．party B．discussin
C．appintment D．cnversatin
D [根据前文的内容可知，老人很久没有和人说过话了，故此处指上一次与老人交谈的是养老院的一位护士。have a cnversatin with...意为“与……谈话”，故cnversatin符合语境。party意为“聚会”；discussin意为“讨论”；appintment意为“约会”。]
29．A．friend B．patient
C．jb D．destinatin
C [根据空后的left并结合语境可知，此处表示那位护士找了一份别的工作，离开了养老院。friend意为“朋友”；patient意为“病人”；jb意为“工作”；destinatin意为“目的地”。]
30．A．sad B．prud
C．ashamed D．certain
A [根据后文提到的老人容易受到与社会脱节的影响，这可能对其健康造成严重影响可知，这种状况应是让作者感到难过的。sad意为“难过的”；prud意为“自豪的”；ashamed意为“羞愧的”；certain意为“确定的”。]
31．A．rank B．separatin
C．pressure D．discriminatin
B [根据前文提到的老人已经长时间独自一人可知，此处指老人们容易受到与社会脱节的影响。rank意为“等级”；separatin意为“分开；分离”；pressure意为“压力”；discriminatin意为“歧视”。]
32．A．view B．ability
C．future D．health
D [根据常识可知，长时间的孤独可能会严重影响老年人的健康。view意为“观点”；ability意为“能力”；future意为“未来”；health意为“健康”。]
33．A．bserve B．understand
C．accmpany D．ignre
C [根据前文可知，长时间的孤独可能严重影响老人的健康，故此处表示我们应尽量多抽出时间陪伴老人。bserve意为“观察”；understand意为“理解”；accmpany意为“陪伴”；ignre意为“忽视”。]
34．A．als B．even
C．ever D．still
B [根据“whether they are ur grandparents，neighbrs r ________ a randm elderly persn”可知，我们应多陪伴老人，不管是祖父祖母、邻居，甚至是任意一位老人。故even符合语境。]
35．A．cnsiderate B．determined
C．careful D．wise
D [根据空后的“I learned s much frm her”可知，在短短的一个小时之内，作者从这位老人身上学到了很多，由此可推知，这位老人是充满智慧的。cnsiderate意为“考虑周到的”；determined意为“有决心的”；careful意为“小心的”；wise意为“(人因阅历丰富而)有智慧的”。]
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023潍坊市6月高考模拟考试)Earlier 2019，the Internatinal Centre fr Integrated Muntain Develpment published 36.________ mst cmprehensive analysis up t nw f hw climate change will affect the glaciers(冰川) f the wrld，37.________(warn) that abut 18，000 glaciers will disappear by 2100.
This is a bad 38._______(predict) fr sme 1.9 billin Suth Asians, 39._______ use water frm these glaciers nt nly fr drinking but als fr agriculture，hydrelectric pwer，and turism.But the survey als lked at an immediate questin：As the glaciers 40.________(rapid) melt，where will all the water—mre than a quadrillin gallns f it，almst the amunt 41.________(cntain) in Lake Hurn—g?
The answer is that the Himalaya，fr example，lng defined by 42.________ (it) glaciers，is becming a muntain range defined by lakes.In fact，anther study fund that frm 1990 t 2010，mre than 900 new glacierfed lakes 43.________(frm) acrss Asia's high muntain ranges.Because f thse remte lcatins，scientists must rely 44.________ satellites t cunt them，and new lakes appear t be grwing s quickly that it's difficult fr scientific teams t agree n the precise number.It's all happening much 45.________ (fast) than we expected it t even five r ten years ag.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。由于气候变化，到2100年时，世界上将会有大约18 000处冰川消融。冰川消融会对人类生活造成什么样的影响？消融后的水都去了哪里？
36．the [考查冠词。形容词最高级前应使用定冠词the。the mst cmprehensive analysis表示“最全面的分析”。]
37．warning [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，warn与主语the Internatinal Centre fr Integrated Muntain Develpment构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。]
38．predictin [考查名词。该空前面有a bad修饰，应使用单数名词。]
39．wh [考查关系代词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，从句修饰先行词Suth Asians，故用关系代词wh。]
40．rapidly [考查副词。空处修饰动词melt，故用所给词的副词形式rapidly“快速地，迅速地”。]
41．cntained [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，cntain与 the amunt构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。]
42．its [考查代词。空处修饰后面的名词glaciers，故用形容词性物主代词its。]
43．were frmed [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句子主语是mre than 900 new glacierfed lakes，与动词frm构成动宾关系且表示复数；时间状语是frm 1990 t 2010，应用一般过去时，故填were frmed。]
44．n/upn [考查介词。此处表示科学家必须依靠人造卫星来计算它们的数量。rely n/upn“依靠，依赖”，为固定搭配。]
45．faster [考查比较级。根据空前的much和空后的than可知，空处应用所给词的比较级形式。]
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2023山东新高考名校联考)假定你是李华。你的加拿大朋友Peter打算来你校做交换生，发来邮件询问相关情况。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.师生情况；
2.校园环境；
3.课余活动。
注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Dear Peter，
I'm s pleased t learn that yu intend t cme t ur schl as an exchange student.There is smething yu may be interested in.
First f all，ur schl is staffed by excellent teachers.They d what they can t make lessns lively and interesting.The students take an active part in the debates in class.Secnd，the schl is like a beautiful garden where every student has the cnsciusness f keeping it clean and tidy.As fr afterclass activities，there are varius kinds f them，such as drawing and playing basketball.
I'm lking frward t seeing yu sn.
Yurs，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Eightyfive percent f the jbs that tday's students will d in 2030 dn't exist yet，the Institute fr the Future has predicted.That might seem like a high number t reach in nly 10 years.But think abut the nnmainstream careers that did nt exist just a handful f years ag：scial media manager，app develper and clud cmputing engineer，etc.What rle shuld clleges and universities play in preparing students fr a wrkplace that is cnstantly changing？Educatinal institutins are trying t answer that questin.“We hpe they will nt nly be prepared fr whatever the jb market lks like in 10，20 r 50 years but be the nes shaping it，”said Jenn Stringer，prfessr at the University f Califrnia，Berkeley.Here are sme f the appraches they're taking.
Sme experts argue that the furyear learning mdel needs t be rethught in a big way.They say educatin can n lnger be seen as smething that stps when a persn graduates frm cllege.If students culd take a year r tw ff schl，get a jb，and then return t schl a few years later，the educatin system wuld ffer true lifelng learning and better adapt t changing technlgy.
Fewer emplyers are willing t train peple n the jb than the emplyers 50 years ag，largely as part f an effrt t cut csts.T fill the jb skills gap，sme curses are ffered as an addn t a student's main degree.Fr example，the curses may include data analysis，web design and digital marketing.The gal is t ffer students，a degree aside，sme advantages when they seek jbs r prmtins in the future.
Other institutins are trying t mimic(模仿) the wrkplace within the traditinal classrm.Several clleges have partnered with private cmpanies，such as the sftware cmpany Adbe，t integrate their prducts int the classrm.Prfessrs at schls wh partner with the cmpany are encuraged t use the prduct fr assignments.The idea is that students learn hw t create a prject that can be used in the real wrld and the“sft skills”such as teamwrk and creativity.
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【参考范文】
T help students better suit and reshape the evershifting wrk landscape，clleges age taking varius measures.(要点1)Firstly，lifelng and adaptive learning mdel is expected t replace the present 4year ne.(要点2)Besides，additinal training prgrams beneficial t acquiring practical jb skills are prvided fr cllege students.(要点3)Mrever，sme clleges cperate with enterprises t make classrms mre like wrkplaces and enhance students' allarund capabilities.(要点4)