湖北省松滋市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份湖北省松滋市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析），共22页。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will happen if the wman leaves her ffice after 5:30 p. m.?
A. There will be less traffic.
B. She will have t spend 25 minutes walking hme.
C. It will take her twice as lng as usual t drive hme.
2. What is the wman ding?
A. Offering advice. B. Selling clthes. C. Asking fr help.
3. What d the speakers intend t d?
A. Arrange a hliday. B. Wrk harder. C. Return frm the beach.
4. Hw is the weather nw?
A. Strmy. B. Windy. C. Sunny.
5. Why did the wman think the athlete wuld lse?
A. She judged him by appearance. B. Her grandmther tld her s. C. He never wn a race befre.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is the wman speaking t the man?
A. T ask fr advice. B. T cnfirm the test time. C. T discuss a maths prblem.
7. What is the tpic f the cnversatin?
A. Making friends. B. Ding maths hmewrk. C. Remembering times tables.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What des the man think abut bathing in the sun?
A. It makes him energetic. B. It is harmful. C. It is relaxing.
9. What des the wman prbably want the man t d?
A. Apply sun cream. B. Jin her in the garden. C. Stp talking mre abut the sun.
听第8段材料，回答第10、12题。
10. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Father and daughter. C. Bss and emplyee.
11. Why des the man cme t the city?
A. T have a hliday. B. T take a curse. C. T d business.
12. What will the man d the next evening?
A. G t a cncert. B. Walk alng the river. C. Take sme business partners ut.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the wman’s gal weight?
A. Arund 52 kils. B. Arund 50 kils. C. Arund 48 kils.
14. What sprting activity des the wman d at weekends?
A. Badmintn. B. Swimming. C. Dancing.
15. What des the wman prbably d?
A. She’s a persnal trainer. B. She’s an ffice wrker. C. She’s a prfessinal athlete.
16. Where are the speakers?
A. At a gym. B. At an ffice. C. At a restaurant.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Wh is the speaker prbably talking t?
A. Architects. B. Artists. C. Students.
18. What des the speaker suggest ding befre the tur?
A. Buying sme gifts. B. Eating smething. C. Preparing a map.
19. What is inside the brchures?
A. A map f Lndn. B. A shrt histry f art. C. The lcatin f the exhibits.
20. What d we knw abut the Langstn Gallery?
A. It was cmpleted by Sir Charles Langstn.
B. It was finished in the 19th century.
C. It is n the secnd flr.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Caves in The Wrld
Hang Sn Dng, Vietnam
Natural caves dn’t cme much larger than Hang Sn Dng, clse t the brder between Las and Vietnam. This cave pssesses the largest crss-sectin f any knwn cave n the planet, a vast area that is difficult t describe. Suppsedly, a Being 747 culd fly thrugh withut damaging its wings, but that desn’t really d justice t the vastness f Hang Sn Dng. The stalactites (钟乳石) here are pretty massive t, with sme reaching up t 80 metres.
Waitm Caves, New Zealand
Glwwrms (萤火虫) are there, as far as the eye can see. Okay, nt literally, but the Waitm Cave system n New Zealand’s Nrth Island is best-knwn fr the flurescent fauna that light up the walls, giving it the nt-particularly-creative but cmpletely acceptable “Glwwrm Caves” nickname. They are mre accessible than ther caves n this list, with rafting and adventure turs available t thse lking fr smething a little mre thrilling.
Mammth Cave, the USA
If yu have certain expectatins frm smewhere called “Mammth Cave”, that is entirely understandable. Mammth Cave in Kentucky is the wrld’s lngest knwn cave system, an incredible 420 miles f undergrund wnder. That’s twice as lng as the next lngest, by the way, althugh it isn’t unusual fr the USA t g all ut n such things.
Reed Flute (芦笛) Cave, China
Named after the reeds that grw utside, which are used t make flutes, bviusly, the Reed Flute Cave’s walls are cvered with inscriptins frm centuries gne by—if evidence was needed that peple have been paying attentin t this place fr a lng ld time. The inside part f the cave is als lit up by multiclured lights, giving it a real therwrldly theme that adds weight t the nickname.
1. What is special abut Hang Sn Dng?
A. It was nce a base f a factry.
B. It is the deepest cave in the wrld.
C. It has the highest stalactites in the wrld.
D. It wns the largest crss-sectin in the wrld.
2. Which f the fllwing can be much easier t enter?
A. Hang Sn Dng.B. Waitm Caves.
C. Mammth Cave.D. Reed Flute Cave.
3. Which cuntry prbably has the lngest cave system in the wrld?
A. Vietnam.B. New Zealand.C. The USA.D. China.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上几个洞穴：越南的韩松洞，新西兰的怀托摩洞穴，美国的猛犸洞，中国的芦笛洞。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Hang Sn Dng, Vietnam”部分内容“This cave pssesses the largest crss-sectin f any knwn cave n the planet, a vast area that is difficult t describe.(这个洞穴拥有地球上所有已知洞穴中最大的横截面，面积之大难以形容)”可知，韩松洞的特别之处在于其拥有世界上最大的横截面。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Waitm Caves, New Zealand”部分内容“They are mre accessible than ther caves n this list, with rafting and adventure turs available t thse lking fr smething a little mre thrilling.(它们比这个名单上的其他洞穴更容易进入，对于那些寻找更刺激的东西的人来说，可以进行漂流和冒险之旅)”可知，新西兰的怀托摩洞穴在所列举的洞穴中是更容易进入的。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“Mammth Cave, the USA”部分内容“Mammth Cave in Kentucky is the wrld’s lngest knwn cave system, an incredible 420 miles f undergrund wnder.(肯塔基州的猛犸洞穴是世界上已知最长的洞穴系统，一个令人难以置信的420英里的地下奇迹)”可知，美国肯塔基州的猛犸洞穴有世界上最长的洞穴系统。故选C项。
B
Fr Vishwanath Mallabadi frm Bangalre, India, there is n such thing as a useless bject r “waste”. Give him anything—abandned metal r plastic items, ld devices, dysfunctinal printed circuit bards — and he’ll create art ut f it.
Vishwanath’s passin is particularly relevant in the current age, where India generates mre e-waste than it can recycle. Frm 2019 t 2020, the cuntry generated a ttal f mre than 1 millin tnnes f e waste. Of this, nly 22.7 percent was cllected, taken apart and recycled. The ec-artist has upcycled and transfrmed nearly 200 kg f e-waste int usable prducts and prpses ec-art as a means t deal with waste management.
Vishwanath’s father, D M Shambhu, was a famus sculptr and painter, but he wanted his sn t chse medicine and becme a dctr. Hwever, Vishwanath, wh was interested in upcycling secnd-hand bjects right frm childhd, decided t pursue a BFA in Applied Art. He later went n t wrk in a cmpany as a high-level administratr and retired tw years ag. “In my free time and during the weekends. I used t cnduct experiments in e-waste and try t develp smething unique,” he recalled.
S far, the ec-artist has created mre than 500 bjects. These include a six-ft tall sculpture made frm upcycled cmputer keybard keys, and a painting inspired by Vincent Van Ggh’s The Starry Night, using upcycled resistrs (电阻器) n wd. Amng his ther artwrks are a 42×38 inch figure statue created frm upcycled keybard keys n a sun bard finished with plastics, a deer made f clrful used wires, plants and flwers frm cmputer parts, and ec jewellery frm upcycled digital wrist watch parts.
“The wrk invlves selecting the e-waste bjects—the texture, shape, and clur etc, and visualising and cnceptualising the final prduct. It might take weeks and mnths fr sculptures. Hwever, sustainable initiatives and upcycled art are nwadays in demand in multinatinal cmpanies pting fr a sustainable culture,” he said.
4. What des the authr try t cnvey in paragraph 2?
A. The seriusness f e-waste in India.
B. Vishwanath’s passin fr envirnment prtectin.
C. The achievements f waste management in India.
D. Vishwanath’s attitude twards dealing with e-waste.
5. What did Vishwanath wrk as befre retiring?
A. A passinate ec-artist.B. A private dctr.
C. A famus sculptr.D. A senir manager.
6. Which f the artwrks were made f the same materials?
A. The deer and the plants.B. The sculpture and the figure statue.
C. The painting and the flwers.D. The deer and the ec jewellery.
7. What des Vishwanath think f his wrking n ec-art?
A. Exciting but unprfitable.B. Creative but useless.
C. Demanding but wrthwhile.D. Efficient but cstly.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍印度生态艺术家Vishwanath的爱好和成就。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段前三句“Vishwanath’s passin is particularly relevant in the current age, where India generates mre e-waste than it can recycle. Frm 2019 t 2020, the cuntry generated a ttal f mre than 1 millin tnnes f e waste. Of this, nly 22.7 percent was cllected, taken apart and recycled. (Vishwanath的热情在当今时代尤为重要，因为印度产生的电子垃圾比它能回收的还要多。从2019年到2020年，该国共产生了100多万吨电子垃圾。其中，只有22.7%被收集、拆解和回收。)”可知，本段主要介绍印度电子垃圾的处理现状十分严重。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“He later went n t wrk in a cmpany as a high-level administratr and retired tw years ag. (他后来在一家公司担任高级管理人员，并于两年前退休。)”可知，他退休前是一名企业高管。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二三句“These include a six-ft tall sculpture made frm upcycled cmputer keybard keys, and a painting inspired by Vincent Van Ggh’s The Starry Night, using upcycled resistrs (电阻器) n wd. Amng his ther artwrks are a 42×38 inch figure statue created frm upcycled keybard keys n a sun bard finished with plastics, a deer made f clrful used wires, plants and flwers frm cmputer parts, and ec jewellery frm upcycled digital wrist watch parts. (其中包括一个六英尺高的雕塑，由升级回收的电脑键盘制成，以及一幅灵感来自文森特·梵高的《星夜》的画作，该画作使用了升级回收的电阻器。在他的其他作品中，有一个42×38英寸的人物雕像，用塑料制成的太阳板上的键盘键，用彩色的废旧电线制成的鹿，用电脑零件制成的植物和花朵，以及用升级回收的数字手表零件制成的生态珠宝。)”可知，一个六英尺高的雕塑以及一个42×38英寸的人物雕像的主要材料是回收的电脑键盘。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据末段最后两句““It might take weeks and mnths fr sculptures. Hwever, sustainable initiatives and upcycled art are nwadays in demand in multinatinal cmpanies pting fr a sustainable culture,” he said. (“雕塑可能需要几周甚至几个月的时间。然而，在选择可持续文化的跨国公司中，可持续发展的倡议和升级的艺术是当今的需求，”他说。)”可知，创作雕塑品需要时间长，但是又有需求。可推断出，他的工作费时费力但是值得。故选C。
C
Mst health experts wuld agree that eating meat — especially red meat — in large quantities isn’t gd fr us, r the planet. Studies pint t an increased risk f heart disease and cancer crrelating t ur meat-heavy diets. Meanwhile, manufacturers are busy prducing increasingly tasty and mre meat-like prducts that match the real things — making the switch frm eating animals seem like a n-brainer. But are these fake meat prducts any healthier fr us?
Jinan Banna, a dietitian and nutritin prfessr at the University f Hawaii says that sme fake meat prducts can be cnsidered “ultra-prcessed” fds. “That means they g thrugh multiple prcesses and have a lt f added ingredients (配料),” she said. “An alternative burger, fr example, might have quite a bit f sdium (钠), as well as additives.” Sme f these additives are n the market fr a while befre the scientific cmmunity determines them t be harmful, Banna added. “Anytime yu see a lng list f ingredients, including ‘natural flavrs’, take it as a warning sign. In ther wrds, eschew prducts with lengthy ingredient lists,” said Sfia Ppv, a micrbime scientist in Cpenhagen. “Wh knws what’s actually in it?”
Perhaps cnvenience is the best argument fr buying an alternative meat prduct yu can simply ck straight ut f the bx, but sme health experts suggest ther plant-based healthful ptins can be simple, t. Fr example, n a busy day, Banna said she was able t thrw tgether a tempeh (a traditinal sya prduct) dish which she put in a little il, vinegar and ther seasnings. “We definitely btain nutrients frm animal-based fd — irn and zinc and ther minerals as well. But it als cntains fat and chlesterl, s it’s gd t cntrl ur intake,” said Banna. “Vegetarian substitutes can be very tasty s we shuldn’t shy away frm them.”
8. What is the cmmn belief n cnsuming red meat?
A. It is beneficial t ur planet.B. It can stimulate the ecnmy.
C. It shuld be served with vegetables.D. It may make us suffer frm heart disease.
9. What des the underlined wrd “eschew” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Avid.B. Prvide.C. Inspect.D. Purchase.
10. What des Banna advise peple t d?
A. Take in mre minerals.B. Turn t cnvenient fd instead.
C. Seek fr plant-based meals.D. Chse sme animal-based substitutes.
11. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Why Is Plant-based Meat Dying?B. Are Fake Meat Prducts Gd Fr Yu?
C. Fake Meat: Fd’s Future Or A Fashin?D. What Happened T The Plant-based Meat?
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了专家指出一些假肉制品可以被认为是“超加工”食品，这种食物对人体有害。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Mst health experts wuld agree that eating meat — especially red meat — in large quantities isn’t gd fr us, r the planet. Studies pint t an increased risk f heart disease and cancer crrelating t ur meat-heavy diets.(大多数健康专家都会同意，大量吃肉——尤其是红肉——对我们和地球都没有好处。研究指出，患心脏病和癌症的风险增加与我们偏重肉类的饮食有关)”可知，人们对食用红肉的普遍看法可能使我们患心脏病。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Anytime yu see a lng list f ingredients, including ‘natural flavrs’, take it as a warning sign.(当你看到一长串的配料表，包括“天然香料”时，把它当作一个警告信号)”以及后文“prducts with lengthy ingredient lists(含有冗长成分表的产品)”可知，当看到一长串的配料，包括“天然香料”时，我们应该把它当作一个警告信号。换句话说，避开配料表冗长的产品。由此可知，划线词意思是“避免”。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段““We definitely btain nutrients frm animal-based fd — irn and zinc and ther minerals as well. But it als cntains fat and chlesterl, s it’s gd t cntrl ur intake,” said Banna. “Vegetarian substitutes can be very tasty s we shuldn’t shy away frm them.”(“我们确实从动物性食物中获取营养——铁、锌和其他矿物质。但它也含有脂肪和胆固醇，所以控制我们的摄入量是有益的，”Banna说。“素食替代品非常美味，所以我们不应该回避它们。”)”可知，Banna建议我们寻求植物性食物。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Mst health experts wuld agree that eating meat — especially red meat — in large quantities isn’t gd fr us, r the planet. Studies pint t an increased risk f heart disease and cancer crrelating t ur meat-heavy diets. Meanwhile, manufacturers are busy prducing increasingly tasty and mre meat-like prducts that match the real things — making the switch frm eating animals seem like a n-brainer. But are these fake meat prducts any healthier fr us?(大多数健康专家都会同意，大量吃肉——尤其是红肉——对我们和地球都没有好处。研究指出，患心脏病和癌症的风险增加与我们偏重肉类的饮食有关。与此同时，制造商们正忙着生产越来越美味的、更像肉类的产品，这些产品与真正的东西相匹配，这使得从食用动物转变成一种不需要思考的事情。但是这些假肉制品真的对我们更健康吗？)”结合文章主要说明了专家指出一些假肉制品可以被认为是“超加工”食品，这种食物对人体有害。由此可知，B选项“假肉制品对你有好处吗？”符合文章标题。故选B。
D
Research has fund that using wd fr cnstructin instead f cncrete and steel can reduce emissins. But Tim Searchinger at Princetn University says many f these studies are based n the false fundatin that harvesting wd is carbn neutral (碳中和). “Only a small percentage f the wd gets int a timber (木料) prduct, and a part f that gets int a timber prduct that can replace cncrete and steel in a building,” he says. Efficiencies vary in different cuntries, but large amunts f a harvested tree are left t be divided int parts, used in shrt-lived prducts like paper r burned fr energy, all f which generate emissins.
In a reprt fr the Wrld Resurces Institute, Searchinger and his clleagues have mdelled hw using mre wd fr cnstructin wuld affect emissins between 2010 and 2050, accunting fr the emissins frm harvesting the wd. They cnsidered varius types f frests and parts f wd ging twards cnstructin. They als factred in the emissins savings frm replacing cncrete and steel.
Under sme circumstances, the researchers fund significant emissins reductins. But each case required what they cnsidered an unrealistically high prtin f the wd ging twards cnstructin, as well as rapid grwth nly seen in warmer places, like Brazil. In general, they fund a large increase in glbal demand fr wd wuld prbably lead t rising emissins fr decades. Accunting fr emissins in this way, the researchers reprted in a related paper that increasing frest harvests between 2010 and 2050 wuld add emissins equal t rughly 10 percent f ttal annual emissins.
Ali Amiri at Aalt University in Finland says the reprt’s cnclusins abut emissins frm rising demand are prbably crrect, but the stry is different fr wd we already harvest. “Bsting the efficiency f current harvests and using mre wd fr lnger-lived purpses than paper wuld cut emissins,” he says. “We cannt just say we shuld stp using wd.”
12. What is wrng with previus researches accrding t Searchinger?
A. They gt wrng statistics.B. They used an incrrect cncept.
C. They included t many factrs.D. They were applied in limited cuntries.
13 What des paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A. The prcess f the new research.B. The backgrund f the new study.
C. The challenge f the new research.D. The achievements f the new study.
14. When will the emissins drp ff greatly accrding t the new study?
A. When wd grws slwly.
B. When wd is largely used t make paper.
C. When wd is largely used in cnstructin in cuntries like Brazil.
D. When wd is largely harvested in cuntries like Brazil.
15. What is Ali Amiri’s attitude tward the new result?
A. Favrable.B. Dubtful.C. Critical.D. Objective.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了新的研究表明，用木材建造的建筑可能并不像想象中的那么环保，文章说明了背后的原因以及研究开展的经过和发现。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But Tim Searchinger at Princetn University says many f these studies are based n the false fundatin that harvesting wd is carbn neutral (碳中和).(但是普林斯顿大学的Tim Searchinger说，许多这样的研究都是基于一个错误的基础，即砍伐木材是碳中和的)”可知，Searchinger认为之前的研究使用了一个不正确的概念。故选B。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In a reprt fr the Wrld Resurces Institute, Searchinger and his clleagues have mdelled hw using mre wd fr cnstructin wuld affect emissins between 2010 and 2050, accunting fr the emissins frm harvesting the wd. They cnsidered varius types f frests and parts f wd ging twards cnstructin. They als factred in the emissins savings frm replacing cncrete and steel.(在世界资源研究所的一份报告中，Searchinger和他的同事们模拟了2010年至2050年期间，建筑中使用更多木材将如何影响排放，其中包括砍伐木材产生的排放。他们考虑了各种类型的森林和用于建筑的部分木材。他们还考虑了更换混凝土和钢材所节省的排放)”可知，第二段主要介绍新研究的过程。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Under sme circumstances, the researchers fund significant emissins reductins. But each case required what they cnsidered an unrealistically high prtin f the wd ging twards cnstructin, as well as rapid grwth nly seen in warmer places, like Brazil.(在某些情况下，研究人员发现排放量显著减少。但他们认为，每一种情况下，用于建筑的木材所占比例都高得不切实际，而且只有在巴西等较温暖的地方才会出现这种快速增长)”可知，根据这项新的研究，当木材在像巴西这样的国家大量用于建筑时，排放量会大幅下降。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ali Amiri at Aalt University in Finland says the reprt’s cnclusins abut emissins frm rising demand are prbably crrect, but the stry is different fr wd we already harvest. “Bsting the efficiency f current harvests and using mre wd fr lnger-lived purpses than paper wuld cut emissins,” he says. “We cannt just say we shuld stp using wd.”(芬兰阿尔托大学的Ali Amiri表示，报告中关于需求增长导致排放的结论可能是正确的，但对于我们已经收获的木材来说，情况就不同了。他说：“提高当前收成的效率，将更多的木材用于比纸张更长久的用途，将减少排放。我们不能只是说我们应该停止使用木材。”)”可知，Ali Amiri对此研究结果从正反两方面都进行了说明。由此推知，其态度是客观的。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fr mst, the first thing that likely cmes t mind when thinking abut vitamin C is either an image f range fruits r its ability t keep yur immune system healthy. ____16____. Here are the primary benefits f vitamin C when applied tpically t the skin.
It prtects skin cells frm envirnmental damage. Vitamin C’s main functin in skin is that f a pwerful antixidant, prtecting us frm cell damage caused by free radicals (自由基). “____17____,” Dr. Mack explains, and they are highly reactive. Vitamin C destrys these free radicals by dnating electrns, preventing them frm damaging skin.
____18____. Vitamin C is als ne f the gld standards fr evening skin tne and bsting radiance. “Vitamin C is a well-knwn skin brightener, preventing melanin prductin and eventually fading dark spts, resulting in a better skin tne,” Dr. Mack explains.
It firms skin and prmtes cllagen (胶原蛋白) prductin. Our skin is made f cllagen and elastin, which are prteins that give it structure and flexibility. ____19____. “Daily applicatin f vitamin C helps t maintain the cmpleteness f the cllagen that we have, prevents rapid breakdwn with age and prmtes cllagen prductin,” Dr. Mack says.
It wrks with ther antixidants fr enhancing UV (紫外线) prtectin. ____20____. A study in the Jurnal f Investigative Dermatlgy shwed that the cmbinatin f vitamin C and E nt nly ffered imprved stability f vitamins C and E, but als imprved skin’s UV prtectin.
A. It brightens skin
B. It helps lwer the risk f heart disease and depressin
C. Vitamin C wrks cperatively with vitamin E t reduce UV damage in skin
D. Free radicals are prduced by the bdy when expsed t radiatin in sunlight
E. But this ppular vitamin has several benefits fr skin when applied tpically, t
F. Free radicals are believed t be related t heart disease, cancer and the ageing prcess
G. As we age, the prductin f these prteins decreases and ur skin lks and feels less firm
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了维生素C对皮肤的种种好处。
【16题详解】
上文“Fr mst, the first thing that likely cmes t mind when thinking abut vitamin C is either an image f range fruits r its ability t keep yur immune system healthy. (对于大多数人来说，当想到维生素C时，首先想到的可能是橙色水果的图像或它保持免疫系统健康的能力)”提到了维生素C在维持身体免疫系统方面的作用。下文“Here are the primary benefits f vitamin C when applied tpically t the skin. (以下是皮肤使用维生素C的主要好处)”介绍了维生素C 对皮肤的好处。结合选项，E项“But this ppular vitamin has several benefits fr skin when applied tpically, t (但是这种受欢迎的维生素在局部使用时对皮肤也有一些好处)”承上启下，引出文章的主题。故选E。
【17题详解】
下文“Vitamin C destrys these free radicals by dnating electrns, preventing them frm damaging skin. (维生素C通过提供电子来破坏这些自由基，防止它们损害皮肤)”介绍了维生素C是通过提供电子破坏自由基来保护皮肤的。结合选项，D项“Free radicals are prduced by the bdy when expsed t radiatin in sunlight (当人体暴露在阳光辐射下时，会产生自由基)”说明了自由基对皮肤的害处。“free radicals”为同词复现。故选D。
【18题详解】
设空处为中心句。下文““Vitamin C is a well-knwn skin brightener, preventing melanin prductin and eventually fading dark spts, resulting in a better skin tne,” Dr. Mack explains. (麦克博士解释说：“维生素C是一种众所周知的皮肤增亮剂，可以防止黑色素的产生，最终消除黑斑，从而改善肤色。”)”主要说维生素C可提亮肤色，减少色素沉着。结合选项，A项“It brightens skin (它能提亮皮肤)”符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
上文“It firms skin and prmtes cllagen (胶原蛋白) prductin. (它紧致皮肤，促进胶原蛋白的生成)”为本段中心句，介绍维生素C紧致皮肤，促进胶原蛋白的生成。结合选项，G项“As we age, the prductin f these prteins decreases and ur skin lks and feels less firm (随着年龄的增长，这些蛋白质的产生减少，我们的皮肤看起来和摸起来都不那么紧致)”照应中心句，说明年龄的增长会使蛋白质减少，影响皮肤。符合语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
上文“It wrks with ther antixidants fr enhancing UV (紫外线) prtectin. (它与其他抗氧化剂一起增强紫外线保护)”为本段中心句。结合选项，C项“Vitamin C wrks cperatively with vitamin E t reduce UV damage in skin (维生素C与维生素E协同作用，减少紫外线对皮肤的伤害)”照应中心句，说明维生素C与其它维生素协同的作用。符合语境。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After bserving a few big falls frm a tree, the Mrgan family knew that there were tw baby squirrels that needed a bit f extra___21___. When the Mrgans saw a dead squirrel nearby, they___22___that these tw sweethearts were likely rphans. Father Keith and his daughter Riley tk the ___23___t ffer help. They mved the babies int a rabbit cage t bring them back t health. They became___24___family members, receiving the names Chip and Dale.
Keith did a bit f research, and the family___25___the babies Pedialyte (电解质水) t help them. While Chip ___26___passed away despite the extra care, Dale held n tightly. He respnded well t the fd and care the Mrgans ___27___and sn gt strng enugh t leave the cage.
But then smething___28___happened. Dale the squirrel kept cming back!
“Little by little he wuld g up in a tree, climb up t play, and then cme back dwn t stay with us,” Riley___29___“OK. If he wants t stick arund, we’ll build him a ___30___in the trees. Riley’s a big Whataburger (a fast fd restaurant) fan and we decided t ___31___that design int Dale’s hme,” said father Keith.
On July 10, Keith upladed a picture f the squirrel hme t a Whataburger grup nline, and the cntent ___32___. Over a thusand peple shared the___33___, and the cmment sectin was full f delight and awe. While Dale hasn’t stpped hme t ___34___in a while, the Mrgan family knws he’s ut there making the mst f his life. Dale serves as a(n)___35___that a little extra care can make a big difference!
21. A. survivalB. restC. supprtD. cntrl
22. A. respndedB. realizedC. recalledD. argued
23. A. leadB. placeC. rightD. risk
24. A. randmB. fficialC. matureD. active
25. A. tldB. askedC. bathedD. fed
26. A. secretlyB. specificallyC. unfrtunatelyD. temprarily
27. A. requiredB. btainedC. preferredD. prvided
28. A. unnecessaryB. uncertainC. unexpectedD. unavidable
29. A. annuncedB. bservedC. predictedD. admitted
30. A. huseB. statueC. pndD. circle
31. A. persuadeB. intrduceC. stretchD. frce
32. A. went viralB. tk effectC. made senseD. gt stuck
33. A. claimB. factrC. imageD. steam
34. A. helpB. judgeC. hideD. visit
35. A. adviserB. warningC. sensrD. reminder
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了摩根一家救助了两只小松鼠，其中一只虽然去世了，但是另一只名为戴尔的一直回到他们家，于是他们并为其建造房屋，并发布照片在网上从而走红网络。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在观察到几只大松鼠从树上掉下来后，摩根一家知道有两只小松鼠需要额外的支持。A. survival幸存；B. rest休息；C. supprt支持；D. cntrl控制。根据后文“They mved the babies int a rabbit cage t bring them back t health.(他们把这些松鼠宝宝搬到一个兔子笼子里，让他们恢复健康)”可知，后文提到了他们照顾松鼠婴儿，即提供额外的支持。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当摩根夫妇在附近看到一只死松鼠时，他们意识到这两只松鼠很可能是孤儿。A. respnded回答；B. realized意识到；C. recalled回想起；D. argued争论。根据上文“When the Mrgans saw a dead squirrel nearby”可知，看到死去松鼠，他们意识到这两只松鼠很可能是孤儿。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲Keith和他的女儿Riley带头提供帮助。A. lead领先地位；B. place地方；C. right权利；D. risk风险。根据后文“t ffer help”此处表示带头提供帮助，应用take the lead t d sth.表示“带头做某事”。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们成为了正式的家庭成员，名字分别是Chip和Dale。A. randm随机的；B. fficial官方的，正式的；C. mature成熟的；D. active活跃的。根据后文“receiving the names Chip and Dale”给两只松鼠取了名字，说明成了正式的家庭成员。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Keith做了一些研究，这家人给松鼠婴儿喂食电解质水来帮助它们。A. tld告诉；B. asked询问；C. bathed沐浴；D. fed喂养。根据后文“the babies pedialyte t help them”可知，此处指给松鼠喂食电解质水来帮助它们。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管得到了额外的照顾，Chip还是不幸去世了，而Dale却牢牢地坚持着。A. secretly秘密地；B. specifically特意；C. unfrtunately不幸地；D. temprarily暂时地。根据后文“passed away”可知其中一只松鼠不幸去世。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对摩根夫妇提供的食物和照顾反应很好，很快就强壮到可以离开笼子了。A. required需要；B. btained获得；C. preferred偏爱；D. prvided提供。根据上文“fd and care the Mrgans”此处指摩根夫妇提供的食物和照顾。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是意想不到的事情发生了。A. unnecessary不必要的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unexpected意外的；D. unavidable不可避免的。根据后文“Dale the squirrel kept cming back!(松鼠Dale不停地回来！)”可知，Dale离开以后，不断回来，即意想不到的事情发生了。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“渐渐地，他会爬到树上，爬上去玩，然后再下来和我们呆在一起，” Riley观察到。A. annunced宣布；B. bserved观察；C. predicted预测；D. admitted承认。上文“Little by little he wuld g up in a tree, climb up t play, and then cme back dwn t stay with us”是Riley观察到的松鼠的行为，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他想留下来，我们就在树上给他建个小屋。A. huse房子；B. statue雕像；C. pnd池塘；D. circle圆圈。根据后文“that design int Dale’s hme”可知，他们在树上给松鼠建了房子。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Riley是Whataburger（一家快餐店）的超级粉丝，我们决定把这个设计引入Dale的家，”父亲Keith说。A. persuade说服；B. intrduce介绍，引入；C. stretch延伸；D. frce迫使。根据上文“Riley’s a big Whataburger (a fast fd restaurant) fan”可知，此处指把Riley喜欢的餐厅的设计引入松鼠的家里。故选B
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：7月10日，Keith 在Whataburger群里上传了一张松鼠家的照片，该内容很快便走红。A. went viral走红；B. tk effect生效；C. made sense有道理；D. gt stuck被卡住了。根据下文“Over a thusand peple shared the 13 , and the cmment sectin was full f delight and awe”可知，松鼠家的照片在网上火了起来。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：超过一千人分享了这张照片，评论区充满了喜悦和敬畏。A. claim声称；B. factr因素；C. image图片；D. steam蒸汽。呼应上文“upladed a picture”此处指分享松鼠的照片。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然Dale已经有一段时间没有回家探望了，但摩根一家知道他在尽情享受自己的生活。A. help帮助；B. judge判断；C. hide隐藏；D. visit参观，拜访。根据上文“Dale the squirrel kept cming back!”和本句“the Mrgan family knws he’s ut there making the mst f his life”可知，他正在充分利用自己的生活，所以应是没有回家探望。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dale作为一个提醒，一点额外的照顾可以产生很大的不同!A. adviser顾问；B. warning警告；C. sensr探测器；D. reminder提醒物。根据空后的同位语从句的内容“that a little extra care can make a big difference”可知，这个故事提醒我们一点额外的照顾可以带来很大的不同。故选D。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s 13th Arctic Ocean scientific expeditin team is nw wrking in the Chukchi Sea. During the rughly 80-day jurney, the crew will have abut 40 days ____36____ (carry) ut scientific research.
The expeditin this time ____37____ (fcus) n the ecsystem changes against the rapid changes in the Arctic with fur majr tasks, ____38____ include the investigatin f the eclgical envirnment f the Pacific sectr in the central Arctic Ocean, the cmprehensive survey f sea ice and the gelgy and gephysics f the Gakkel Ridge (山脊), as well as research n circulatin ____39____ sea ice.
It is the secnd time that a survey. ____40____ (cnduct) n the Gakkel Ridge, a mid-cean ridge ____41____ (stretch) abut 1,800 kilmeters in the Arctic. “The Gakkel Ridge, a new vlcanic ridge, is the Earth’s slwest-spreading mid-cean ridge, which is vital in studying the ____42____ (expand) f glbal plates,” said Wang Jinhui, leader f the scientific expeditin team.
A survey f aersls (气溶胶) in the Arctic is als ____43____ the way. “The special cnditins in the area, such as the change f sea ice cver and density and the change f lcal species, are the influencing factrs that may ____44____ (significant) affect the generatin and emissin f aersls,” said Le, a member f the scientific expeditin team.
“Plar scientific research is an _____45_____ (imprtance) field fr mankind t understand the mysteries f nature and explre new spaces fr develpment,” said Wang.
【答案】36. t carry
37. fcuses
38. which 39. and
40. has been cnducted
41. stretching
42. expansin
43. n 44. significantly
45. imprtant
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。中国第13批北冰洋科学考察队目前正在楚科奇海工作。在大约80天的旅程中，船员将有大约40天的时间进行科学研究。此次考察以北极快速变化下的生态系统变化为重点，开展了北冰洋中部太平洋段生态环境调查、海冰综合调查和盖克尔海脊地质与地球物理调查、环流与海冰研究等四项主要任务。
36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在大约80天的旅程中，船员们将有大约 40天的时间进行科学研究。分析句子结构可知，carry为不定式，作后置定语。故填t carry。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：此次考察以北极快速变化下的生态系统变化为重点，开展了北冰洋中部太平洋段生态环境调查、海冰综合调查和盖克尔海脊地质与地球物理调查、环流与海冰研究等四项主要任务。此句描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为The expeditin，谓语用三单形式。故填fcuses。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：此次考察以北极快速变化下的生态系统变化为重点，开展了北冰洋中部太平洋段生态环境调查、海冰综合调查和盖克尔海脊地质与地球物理调查、环流与海冰研究等四项主要任务。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tasks，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：此次考察以北极快速变化下的生态系统变化为重点，开展了北冰洋中部太平洋段生态环境调查、海冰综合调查和盖克尔海脊地质与地球物理调查、环流与海冰研究等四项主要任务。连接两个并列宾语要使用并列连词and。故填and。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这是第二次对位于北极、绵延1800公里的洋中脊加克尔海脊进行调查。此句是固定句式“it be the first/secnd…time+that+现在完成时”知，此处要用现在完成时，且主语survey与谓语构成被动关系，要用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been cnducted。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是第二次对位于北极、绵延1800公里的洋中脊加克尔海脊进行调查。分析句子结构可知，stretch与逻辑主语ridge为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填stretching。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：科考队队长王金辉说：“加克尔脊是一个新的火山脊，是地球上扩张最慢的洋中脊，对研究全球板块的扩张至关重要。”此处作动词studying的宾语，应用名词expansin，不可数。故填expansin。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：对北极气溶胶的调查也在进行中。此处为短语n the way意为“正在进行中”。故填n。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：科考队成员乐说：“该地区的特殊条件，如海冰覆盖和密度的变化以及当地物种的变化，是可能显著影响气溶胶产生和排放的影响因素。”此处修饰动词affect，应用副词significantly，作状语。故填significantly。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他说：“极地科学研究是人类了解自然奥秘、探索发展新空间的重要领域。”此处修饰名词field，应用形容词imprtant，作定语。故填imprtant。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你宏远中学学生李华，得知一个国际中学生组织将在长沙举办夏令营，正在招募志愿者。请写一封电子邮件申请做志愿者。内容主要包括：
1.自我介绍；
2.个人优势与参加意图；
3.希望获准。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Dear Sir r Madam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir r Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a student frm Hngyuan Middle Schl. Hearing that yu are lking fr vlunteers fr a Summer Camp fr students frm different cuntries t be rganized in Changsha, I’m writing t apply fr the psitin.
I think I am qualified fr this psitin. First f all, being a sciable and respnsible man, I will take this jb seriusly and be able t deal with any emergency. Besides, I have a gd cmmand f English, which can make it easy t cmmunicate with freigners. What matters mst is that I’ll be capable f telling students frm ther cuntries abut China and learn abut their cuntries as well.
I’d appreciate it if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin. Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。得知一个国际中学生组织将在长沙举办夏令营，正在招募志愿者。请你写一封电子邮件申请做志愿者。内容主要包括：1.自我介绍；2.个人优势与参加意图；3.希望获准。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
寻找：lk fr→seek fr
认为：think→suppse
此外：besides→furthermre
重要：matter→cunt
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I’d appreciate it if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin.
拓展句：I wuld be very grateful if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, I have a gd cmmand f English, which can make it easy t cmmunicate with freigners. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】What matters mst is that I’ll be capable f telling students frm ther cuntries abut China and learn abut their cuntries as well. (运用了what引导的主语从句以及that引导的表语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The park bench was deserted as I sat dwn t read beneath a willw tree. It must be as sick, fr the branches were kind f yellw and dry. I was a deserted girl. Endless quarrels with my parents had left me nwhere t g but this deslate (荒无人烟的) crner f the park. As I sat n the bench, things that happened recently began t flash thrugh. Days seemed mnths t me recently. N czy hme t stay. N happy memries abut my life. N cnsiderate family members t talk t. Even the bk I was reading was n fun. Nt cntent with life, I had a gd reasn t frwn, fr the wrld was intended t drag me dwn.
And if that were nt enugh t ruin my day, a yung by ut f breath apprached me, all tired frm play. He std right in frnt f me with his head tilted (倾斜) dwn and said with great excitement, “Lk what I fund!” In his hand was a flwer. What a pitiful sight, its petals (花瓣) were all wrn—nt enugh rain, r t little light. He must have picked the flwer frm smewhere shady and sunless, just like where I was staying these days. I culdn’t help being self-pitying. Wanting him t take his dead flwer away and g ff t play, I faked a smile and then lked away. “Why culdn’t everyne just leave me be!” I thught t myself, upset and glmy.
But instead f leaving, he sat next t me and placed the flwer t his nse and declared ludly with certainty, “It sure smells pretty and it must be beautiful, t. That’s why I picked it; here, it is fr yu.” The “weed” befre me was dying r dead, nt vibrant with clrs, range, yellw r red—anyne having eyes can see that clearly! But I knew I must take it, r he might never leave. S I reached fr the flwer, and replied, “Just what I need.” Strangely, instead f placing the flwer in my hand, he held it in mid-air withut any reasn r plan.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Casting a curius glance at the by’s eyes, I was hugely shcked.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“I had t make a change,” I thught t myself.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Casting a curius glance at the by’s eyes, I was hugely shcked. In the pure and sunny face were just a pair f eyes, smewhat hllw and fcusless. “He was blind!” I felt myself chked as if there were a lump in my thrat. With watery eyes, I tk the flwer frm his hand carefully and praised it as the very best ne. “Have a nice day!” the by smiled bradly and then ran ff briskly befre I had time t cnvey the slightest appreciatin. I sat there and wndered hw a blind little by managed t see a self-pitying girl under a sick willw tree and hw he even knew clearly f my dreadful despair.
“I had t make a change,” I thught t myself. Fr all f thse times I myself had been blind twards the wrld arund me. Smehw, thrugh the eyes f the blind by, at last I culd see my real prblem. I prmised t step ut f the shady crner, pen my eyes t the beauty f the wrld. Hlding the wilted flwer up t my nse, I tk a deep sniff. A wave f faint fragrance lingering in my heart, I culdn’t help smiling just as the by had dne. Never did he knw that his weed-like flwer brught the first glimmer f sunshine t a girl’s deserted wrld.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件发展以及人物的心理活动为线索，讲述了作者觉得自己被世界所抛弃，而变得自怨自艾。有一天当作者在一个公园偏僻角落读书时，一个失明的小男孩送给作者一朵花。小男孩阳光爱笑，虽然那是一朵萎蔫的花，但是小男孩却喜欢它的清香，想象它的美丽。相比之下，作者拥有可以看到世界光明的双眼，却总是躲在暗处，只盯着自己世界不好的一面。由此，作者决定做出改变，走出阴霾，乐观地去看待这个美丽的世界。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我好奇地看了一眼小男孩的眼睛，然后惊呆了。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现小男孩看不见后的感受，以及接下来作者的做法。
②由第二段首句内容“我心想，‘我一定要做出改变。’”可知，第二段可描写作者意识到自己的问题，以及作者从小男孩身上得到的启示。
2. 续写线索：震惊——内心感受——做法——想做出改变——意识到问题——启示
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①拿：take/take hld f/reach fr
②赞美：praise/applaud/cmpliment
③跑开：run ff/run away/leave
④表达：cnvey/express/utter
⑤想知道：wnder/think abut/ask neself
⑥闻，嗅：take a deep sniff/sniff deeply
⑦停留：linger/stay/remain
情绪类
①感激：appreciatin/gratitude/thanks
②绝望：despair/desperatin/depressin
【点睛】[高分句型1] I felt myself chked as if there were a lump in my thrat. (as if引导方式状语从句)
[高分句型2] “Have a nice day!” the by smiled bradly and then ran ff briskly befre I had time t cnvey the slightest appreciatin. (befre引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型3] I sat there and wndered hw a blind little by managed t see a self-pitying girl under a sick willw tree and hw he even knew clearly f my dreadful despair. (两个hw分别引导宾语从句)
[高分句型4] Never did he knw that his weed-like flwer brught the first glimmer f sunshine t a girl’s deserted wrld. (Never置于句首引起部分倒装、that引导宾语从句)