2022-2023学年江苏省南京市鼓楼区高一上学期期中考试英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省南京市鼓楼区高一上学期期中考试英语试题含答案，文件包含精品解析江苏省南京市鼓楼区2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题原卷版docx、精品解析江苏省南京市鼓楼区2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一节阅读理解（满分37.S分共15题每题2.5分)
A
4 WRITING COMPETITIONS FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Calling all high schl student writers! If yu’re lking fr schlarships r ways t supprt yur future educatin, lk n further than writing cmpetitins.
Belw are 4 writing cmpetitins fr high schl students. Check them nw!
Schlastic Writing Awards
The Schlastic Writing Awards celebrate was created by students aged 13 and lder in grades 7 thrugh 12 acrss the cuntry. Yu can submit(提交) all kinds f writing wrks, including science fictin, humr, shrt plays, and mre.
Gld medal winners can earn a $10,000 schlarship, and silver medal winners can earn a$1,000 schlarship. The fee t apply is $7 fr a single entry.
Yung Lins Fictin Award
T apply fr this award, any writer aged 35 r yunger may submit a nvel r cllectin f shrt stries. Each year, a grup f experts including Yung Lins members, writers, and librarians select the winner.
The winner f this award will receive a $11.000 schlarship.
NSHSS Creative Writing Schlarship
High schl students f all ages can have access t this creative writing schlarship. Students can submit wrks (that have nt been published befre)in ne r bth categries (类别): petry and fictin.
A prize f $2,000 ill be awarded t ne student winner in each categry.
We the Students Essay Cmpetitins
This cmpetitin asks students t answer the questin, “What are the imprtant qualities f a citizen in yur cmmunity in 21st century America?” in an essay between 500 and 800 wrds. Students must be US citizens between the ages f 14 and 19 t apply.
One natinal winner will receive a $5,000 cash prize and six runners-up will receive $1,250 each.
1. If yu have created a shrt play, which cmpetitin is suitable fr yu t enter?
A. Schlastic Writing Awards.B. Yung Lins Fictin Award.
C. NSHSS Creative Writing Schlarship.D. We the Students Essay Cmpetitin.
2. Which cmpetitin has a given tpic?
A. Schlastic Writing Awards.B. Yung Lins Fictin Award.
C. NSHSS Creative Writing Schlarship.D. We the Students Essay Cmpetitin.
3. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A A club’s pster.B. A teaching plan.C. A schl’s website.D. A principal’s speech.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4个高中学生写作比赛的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Schlastic Writing Awards部分中“Yu can submit(提交) all kinds f writing wrks, including science fictin, humr, shrt plays, and mre.(你可以提交各种写作作品，包括科幻小说、幽默、短剧等等)”可知，如果你创作了一个短剧，Schlastic Writing Awards适合你参加。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This cmpetitin asks students t answer the questin, “What are the imprtant qualities f a citizen in yur cmmunity in 21st century America?” in an essay between 500 and 800 wrds.(本次竞赛要求学生回答以下问题：“在21世纪的美国，你所在社区的公民最重要的品质是什么？”，字数在500到800字之间)”可知，We the Students Essay Cmpetitins有一个给定的主题。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Belw are 4 writing cmpetitins fr high schl students. Check them nw!( 以下是4个高中生写作比赛。现在就查看一下！)”结合文章主要介绍了4个高中学生写作比赛的情况可推知，文章选自学校网站。故选C。
B
Many years ag, Mike Huss attended Ine Elementary Schl as a student. He went n t wrk there-first as a janitr (看门人), then as a teacher, and nw as a principal.
Huss said he never wanted t be an educatr, but his seventh-grade teacher felt therwise. “I remember Mrs. Cllier telling me, ‘Yu will be such a great teacher smeday,’ and I laughed at her. It is nt ging t happen, but here Lam,” he said.
Huss ended up starting as Ine Elementary Schl’s janitr 30 years ag. He then spent 19 years there as a teacher and nw is starting his first year as the schl principal.
“I was really lking frward t teaching fifth grade again, and they reached ut t me and said, ‘We think yu’re the leader the schl needs.””
Huss thinks his success cmes frm a push frm family. He wanted t shw his yung sn, wh was 3 years ld when Huss went back t schl fr teaching, that yu can d anything yu put yur mind t.
Huss’s c-wrker Melanie Crtez was als nce a student f the schl. She said, “The kids aren’t used t seeing him in the ffice, s we have kids cme in all day lng asking ‘Is Mr. Huss busy? We miss him s much!””
Fr Huss, it’s abut the pprtunity t change a child’s life. “Believe in every child. I’m here t help them see themselves in a different light, because that’s what peple have dne fr me my whle life,” he said. “I’m trying t help students believe in themselves that they can achieve great things if they just stay the curse.”
4. Hw did yung Huss respnd when his teacher encuraged him?
A. He thanked the teacher fr her kind wrds.B. He culd hardly believe what the teacher said.
C. He didn’t understand what the teacher meant.D. He kept the teacher’s wrds in mind and wrked hard.
5. Accrding t Huss, what pushed him t make prgress in career?
A. The anxiety t supprt his family.B. The hpe t make the schl better.
C. The eagerness t be his sn’s rle mdel.D. The desire t meet his teacher’s expectatins.
6. What des the authr want t tell us by mentining Melanie’s wrds?
A. Huss is devted t his wrk.B. Huss is ppular with the kids.
C. Huss is supprted by his c-wrkers.D. Huss is an example t his c-wrkers.
7. What d the underlined wrds “stay the curse” mean in paragraph 7?
A. Set clear gals.B. Ignre bad wrds.C. Fllw wise advice.D. Make cntinuus effrts.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Mike Huss通过自己的努力从一名看门人转变成一所小学的校长。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Huss said he never wanted t be an educatr, but his seventh-grade teacher felt therwise. “I remember Mrs. Cllier telling me, ‘Yu will be such a great teacher smeday,’ and I laughed at her. It is nt ging t happen, but here Lam,” he said.( Huss说，他从未想过成为一名教育家，但他的七年级老师却不这么认为。“我记得科利尔夫人告诉我，‘有一天你会成为一名伟大的老师’，我朝她笑着。不会发生的，但我在这里，”他说。）”可知，当他的老师鼓励他时，他几乎不敢相信老师说的话。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Huss thinks his success cmes frm a push frm family. He wanted t shw his yung sn, wh was 3 years ld when Huss went back t schl fr teaching, that yu can d anything yu put yur mind t.( Huss认为他的成功来自家庭的推动。Huss重返校园教书时，他的小儿子才3岁，他想让他知道，只要你下定决心，你就能做任何事情)”可知，渴望成为儿子的榜样促使他在事业上取得进步。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“She said, “The kids aren’t used t seeing him in the ffice, s we have kids cme in all day lng asking ‘Is Mr. Huss busy? We miss him s much!’’’(她说，“孩子们不习惯在办公室看到他，所以我们有孩子整天进来问‘Huss先生忙吗？我们非常想念他！’”)”可知，Melanie的话表明Huss很受孩子们的欢迎。故选B项。
7题详解】
短语猜测题。根据最后一段“I’m trying t help students believe in themselves that they can achieve great things(我试图帮助学生相信自己，他们可以取得伟大的成就)”以及第五段“Huss thinks his success cmes frm a push frm family. He wanted t shw his yung sn, wh was 3 years ld when Huss went back t schl fr teaching, that yu can d anything yu put yur mind t.( Huss认为他的成功来自家庭的推动。Huss重返校园教书时，他的小儿子才3岁，他想让他知道，只要你下定决心，你就能做任何事情。)”可知，Huss想让孩子们明白，如下定决心并且努力就可以取得伟大的成就，因此stay the curse的意思是“不断努力”，故选D项。
C
Danelien van Aalst at the University f Grningen and her c-wrkers have dne research n hw relative age (相对年龄) affects ppularity amng 14 t 15-year-lds.
Researchers surveyed mre than 13,000 teenagers in England, Sweden and the Netherlands n wh they thught was the mst ppular in their class. Then the researchers gave each student in their classrm a ppularity scre linked t their birth mnth as well as their age psitin in their class. They discvered this: the lder the student was, the mre likely he r she was t be cnsidered ppular.
“A child enters schl befre r after a certain cut-ff date and that determines hw ld r yung yu are relative t yur year grup,” says van Aalst. “We fund that if yu’re brn right after the cut-ff date, which makes yu ne f the ldest members f yur class, yu’re ging t be ppular.”
They fund that the same effect als applied at the year-grup level. Here, it was the children wh were the ldest relative t all f their peers in the year grup-rather than just thse in their wn class-that were the mst ppular.
All three cuntries shwed rughly the same pattern (模式). Hwever, at the classrm level, it was in the Netherlands that the pattern was the strngest. This is partly because the cuntry has a system f grade retentin - when students dn’t meet their academic requirements, their teachers will hld them back a year, which means they then becme the ldest in their class and ften the mst ppular.
This relative age effect has als been shwn in ther areas. “Relative age has earlier been prved t affect schl perfrmance-relatively lder children d better in schl,” says Herman van de Werfhrst at the University f Amsterdam. Similarly, previus research has shwn that lder children tend t be better at sprts than yunger students in the same year grup.
8. Hw did the researchers knw wh the ppular students were?
A. By recrding students’ perfrmance.B. By studying earlier research results.
C. By cllecting answers frm students.D. By cmparing the ages f students.
9. What des the underlined wrd “that” refer t in paragraph 3?
A. Ppularity.B. Relative age.C. The survey data.D. The cut-ff date.
10. What might happen t students held back a year in Netherlands?
A. Their teachers wuld be happy t have them in the class.
B. It wuld be difficult fr them t pass the exams in Netherlands.
C. They might gain mre ppularity than thers in the same year grup.
D. They might be the mst ppular amng the peers f the three cuntries.
11. What des the passage mainly tell us?
A. The lder a child gets, the wiser he r she will be.
B. Many students want t be held back t be ppular.
C. Older children are likely t perfrm better in schl.
D. Older children are ften mre ppular than their yunger peers.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了荷兰罗宁根大学的Danelien van Aalst和她的同事调查了相对年龄是如何影响荷兰，瑞典和英国14到15岁青少年的受欢迎程度的。调查发现年龄越大的学生越有可能被认为是受欢迎的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers surveyed mre than 13,000 teenagers in England, Sweden and the Netherlands n wh they thught was the mst ppular in their class. Then the researchers gave each student in their classrm a ppularity scre linked t their birth mnth as well as their age psitin in their class. (研究人员对英国、瑞典和荷兰的1.3万多名青少年进行了调查，询问他们认为谁是班上最受欢迎的人。然后，研究人员给他们班上的每个学生一个受欢迎程度的分数，这个分数与他们的出生月份以及他们在班上的年龄位置有关)”可知，研究人员通过收集学生的答案来知道谁是受欢迎的学生。故选C项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“A child enters schl befre r after a certain cut-ff date (一个孩子在某个截止日期之前或之后入学)”可知，that为代词，代指前文提到的事物，此处应是代指“cut-ff date”。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This is partly because the cuntry has a system f grade retentin - when students dn’t meet their academic requirements, their teachers will hld them back a year, which means they then becme the ldest in their class and ften the mst ppular. (这在一定程度上是因为这个国家的成绩保留制度——当学生没有达到学业要求时，他们的老师会让他们留级一年，这意味着他们成为班里年龄最大的，而且往往是最受欢迎的)”可知，在荷兰滞留一年的学生他们成为班里年龄最大的，可能会比同一年的其他人更受欢迎。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Danelien van Aalst at the University f Grningen and her c-wrkers have dne research n hw relative age (相对年龄) affects ppularity amng 14 t 15-year-lds. (格罗宁根大学的Danelien van Aalst和她的同事们对相对年龄如何影响14至15岁青少年的受欢迎程度进行了研究)”以及第二段“They discvered this: the lder the student was, the mre likely he r she was t be cnsidered ppular.(他们发现：学生年龄越大，他或她越可能被认为是受欢迎的)”可知，本文主要讲述了荷兰罗宁根大学的Danelien van Aalst和她的同事调查发现年龄越大的学生越有可能被认为是受欢迎的，所以D项“Older children are ften mre ppular than their yunger peers. (年龄较大的孩子通常比年幼的孩子更受欢迎)”是本文大意。故选D项。
D
Wrkplaces nce had bth fficial and unfficial unifrms. In traditinal ffices, thse at the tp f the pyramid wuld always be fund in a suit; dressing fr the jb yu wanted meant fllwing this style.
The rise f the tech wrld changed this steretype (刻板印象). Picture Silicn Valley’s mst successful leaders, and the clthes that cme t mind are jeans, hdies and black turtlenecks. In the tech wrld, success has a different kind f unifrm ne much mre casual (随意的) than the suits f the past. This trend twards infrmality has spread t ther fields.
Then in 2020 the widespread turn t “wrk frm hme” upended wrk dress cdes (着装标准) altgether. During the pandemic, peple mstly saw c-wrkers frm the shulders up n vide calls-if they saw them at all. Frm hme, peple culd easily perfrm a majr rle in a meeting in a cllared shirt, sweatpants and slippers (拖鞋). If cameras were ff, they culd even be in pajamas (睡衣), wrking under a blanket.
Nw, as wrkers cme back int ffices, few cmpanies are asking a return t frmal wear.
S, what des this mean fr dressing fr success? With s many different dress cdes acrss cmpanies, is it still pssible t 'dress fr the jb yu want’?
It is n easy t dress fr success. Getting the balance wrng by verdressing can send a negative message. Abut 79% f wrkplaces in the US nw have a casual dress cde. Turning up in a suit t shw their desire fr success culd actually have a bad influence n thers’ views n yu.
The effect f yur dressing style depends n wh yu are. Fr example, wearing jeans, yur bss may seem easy-ging while yu seemingly careless. Still, dressing can help psitin yu fr success-and the key t getting it right is careful bservatin. The prper dressing might lk very different in different wrkplaces. S understanding the unspken rules f the dress cde culd give yu an advantage.
12. Which might be the unifrm f success in the tech wrld?
A. Slippers.B. Pajamas.C. A frmal suit.D. Casual jeans.
13. Which has the clset meaning t the underlined wrd “upended” in paragraph 3?
A. Imprve.B. Change.C. Require.D. Challenge.
14. What d we knw abut dress cdes?
A. Different cmpanies have different dress cdes.
B. The trend f dress cdes wuld return t frmal wear.
C. Peple fllw the same dress cde t achieve success.
D. Dress cdes are clearly written and understd by peple.
15. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Dress as yu like.B. Let's dress like a bss.
C. Ready fr the new dressing style?D. Des “dressing fr success” still matter?
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章提出了在不同工作环境中如何着装以实现成功的问题，并指出了适当的观察和理解非书面着装规则的重要性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The rise f the tech wrld changed this steretype (刻板印象). Picture Silicn Valley’s mst successful leaders, and the clthes that cme t mind are jeans, hdies and black turtlenecks.(科技世界的兴起改变了这种刻板印象。想象一下硅谷最成功的领导人，脑海中浮现的衣服是牛仔裤、连帽衫和黑色高领毛衣)”可知，在科技界，牛仔裤是成功的制服。故选D项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文“During the pandemic, peple mstly saw c-wrkers frm the shulders up n vide calls-if they saw them at all. Frm hme, peple culd easily perfrm a majr rle in a meeting in a cllared shirt, sweatpants and slippers (拖鞋). If cameras were ff, they culd even be in pajamas (睡衣), wrking under a blanket.(在疫情期间，人们在视频通话中大多是从肩膀以上看到同事——如果他们能看到他们的话。在家里，人们可以穿着有领衬衫、运动裤和拖鞋，轻松地在会议中扮演重要角色。如果没有摄像头，他们甚至可以穿着睡衣，盖着毯子工作)”可知，因为疫情，人们在家工作，制服变得休闲，所以推知upended应是“改变”之意，和B项Change意思相近。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“With s many different dress cdes acrss cmpanies, is it still pssible t 'dress fr the jb yu want’?(不同的公司有如此多不同的着装要求，是否还有可能“为你想要的工作而着装”?)”可知，不同的公司有不同的着装要求。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wrkplaces nce had bth fficial and unfficial unifrms. In traditinal ffices, thse at the tp f the pyramid wuld always be fund in a suit; dressing fr the jb yu wanted meant fllwing this style.(Wrkplaces nce had bth fficial and unfficial unifrms. In traditinal ffices, thse at the tp f the pyramid wuld always be fund in a suit; dressing fr the jb yu wanted meant fllwing this style.（工作场所曾经有官方和非官方制服。在传统的办公室里，金字塔顶端的人总是穿着西装；为你想要的工作着装意味着要遵循这种风格)”以及最后一段“The effect f yur dressing style depends n wh yu are. Fr example, wearing jeans, yur bss may seem easy-ging while yu seemingly careless. Still, dressing can help psitin yu fr success-and the key t getting it right is careful bservatin. The prper dressing might lk very different in different wrkplaces. S understanding the unspken rules f the dress cde culd give yu an advantage.(你的穿衣风格的效果取决于你是谁。例如，穿牛仔裤，你的老板可能看起来很随和，而你似乎很粗心。穿衣服还是可以帮助你成功,让它的关键位置的右边是仔细观察。在不同的工作场所，正确的着装可能会有很大的不同。因此，了解着装规则的潜规则会给你带来优势)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了过去工作场所的着装规范，科技行业对着装带来的改变，以及疫情期间居家办公对着装规范的影响。文章提出了在不同工作环境中如何着装以实现成功的问题，并指出了适当的观察和理解非书面着装规则的重要性。所以D项“Des “dressing fr success” still matter?(“成功的着装”仍有关系吗?)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Maybe ne day, scientists will invent a way fr us t dwnlad dictinaries straight int ur brains. Until then: here are three vcabulary-building tips fr thse learning English.
___16___: very imprtant pint f leaning wrds is t learn in cntext(语境)! ___17___ Fr example, when taking jurneys by train r bus, many native English speakers, in practice, use the verb “t catch”. It is cmmn t hear sentences like this ne: I catch the bus at 7:30 every weekday. If yu learned the verb “t catch” as a single wrd, yu might describe it as “t receive and hld”. This definitin (定义) is crrect! But learning this and nthing else wuld make a such cmmn sentence sund strange t yu.
Lk up new wrds. If yu keep hearing a wrd and aren’t sure what it means, try t lk it up as sn as yu can. We asked an expert, Bb the Canadian: what is the best way t lk up new wrds? Bb said, “___18___ My secnd chice wuld be t use an English-t-yur-native-language dictinary.” Accrding t Bb, “Yur native language can be yur enemy when learning a new language. ___19___
Keep a ntebk handy. Every time yu are expsed t English yu will cme acrss new wrds that yu dn’t understand. Each time yu ntice a new wrd, it’s a great pprtunity! ___20___ This is an effective study methd because each ne f yur ntebk wrds has smething t d with yur wn memry, giving yu a mre significant reasn t remember them.
A. Try learning example sentences.
B. Dn’t take dictinary meaning seriusly.
C. Smetimes wrds are used cmpletely differently in practice.
D. My preferred way is t lk up the wrd in an English dictinary.
E. S smetimes if yu can keep it at a distance, yu will learn faster.
F. Perhaps yu think putting smething dwn n paper takes much time.
G. Get a ntebk and write dwn each new wrd that yu think is interesting.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了学习一门新语言的方法。
【16题详解】
根据下文“very imprtant pint f leaning wrds is t learn in cntext(语境)! (学习单词非常重要的一点是在上下文中学习)”可知，此处说的是在语境中学习，与A项“Try learning example sentences.(尝试学习例句)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Fr example, when taking jurneys by train r bus, many native English speakers, in practice, use the verb “t catch”.(例如，当乘火车或公共汽车旅行时，许多以英语为母语的人实际上使用动词“t catch”)”可知，此处说的是书面语言和实际上使用的有时会不一样，与C项“Smetimes wrds are used cmpletely differently in practice.(有时，单词在实践中的用法完全不同。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Lk up new wrds. If yu keep hearing a wrd and aren’t sure what it means, try t lk it up as sn as yu can. (查找新单词。如果你一直听到一个单词，但不确定它的意思，请尽快查找。)”可知，此处说的是听到了不会的单词要尽快査找。与D项“My preferred way is t lk up the wrd in an English dictinary.(我最喜欢的方法是在英语字典里査这个词。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Accrding t Bb, “Yur native language can be yur enemy when learning a new language. (根据鲍勃的说法，“学习一门新语言时，你的母语可能会成为你的敌人。”)”可知，此处说的是学习新的语言时，你的母语可能会阻碍你。与E项“S smetimes if yu can keep it at a distance, yu will learn faster.(所以有时候如果你能保持距离，你会学得更快。)”与上下文一致，符合文意，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Keep a ntebk handy. Every time yu are expsed t English yu will cme acrss new wrds that yu dn’t understand. Each time yu ntice a new wrd, it’s a great pprtunity! (随身携带笔记本。每次接触英语，你都会遇到你不懂的新词。每次你注意到一个新单词，都是一个绝佳的机会！)”可知，此处说的是拿一本笔记本，这样你就可以记下你不会的单词。与G项“Get a ntebk and write dwn each new wrd that yu think is interesting. (拿一个笔记本，记下你觉得有趣的每个生词。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Freshmen in high schl can be cruel, and we ___21___ were t a yung man named Matt wh was in my class. We were always ___22___ him abut his size. He was at least fifty punds verweight.
One day he sat near me in gym class. Smene ___23___ him and he fell n me and banged my ft badly. With the whle class watching, I was put n the spt t either shrug it ff (耸耸肩) r ___24___ a fight with Matt.
I shuted, “Matt, let’s fight!” Peer pressure frced him int the ___25___ whether he liked it r nt. With ne punch (一拳) I ___26___ his nse and the class went wild.
Just then the gym teacher walked int the rm. He saw that we were ___27___ and sent us ut t the running track. He said, “I want yu tw guys t g ut there and run that mile hlding each ther’s hands.” The rm brke int laughter. Matt and I were ___28___ beynd belief, but we ___29___ went ut t the track and ran ur mile-hand in hand.
During the curse f ur run, I remember lking ver at him, with bld still n his face and his ___30___ slwing him dwn. It suddenly ___31___ me that here was a persn, nt s ___32___ frm myself. We bth lked at each ther and began t ___33___. In time we became ___34___.
Fr the rest f my life, I have never raised a ___35___ against anther persn.
21. A. frtunatelyB. nrmallyC. definitelyD. ptentially
22. A. arguing withB. turning tC. laughing atD. cmmunicating with
23. A. pushedB. caughtC. ignredD. misunderstd
24. A. stpB. pickC. cntinueD. watch
25. A. battleB. argumentC. dangerD. adventure
26. A. pressedB. bldiedC. missedD. tuched
27. A. chattingB. trainingC. fightingD. struggling
28. A. excitedB. wrriedC. puzzledD. embarrassed
29. A. stillB. evenC. insteadD. never
30. A. heightB. weightC. mindD. tensin
31. A. infrmedB. warnedC. cncernedD. reminded
32. A. equalB. uniqueC. differentD. shallw
33. A. cmplainB. recverC. fcusD. laugh
34. A. friendsB. enemiesC. adultsD. senirs
35. A. questinB. handC. targetD. dubt
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和同学经常取笑Matt，在体育课上Matt被推倒使作者脚受重伤，作者为了避免丢脸而向Matt宣战打架，打伤了Matt的鼻子，体育老师看到后让他们两个牵手在操场上跑了一公里，最后作者和Matt相视而笑，并成为了朋友的故事。和别人牵手在操场上跑了一公里使作者学习到一个惊人的东西，在作者的余生里，作者再也没有伸手打人。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：高中一年级新生可能很残忍，对我班上一个名叫马特的年轻人来说，我们确实是残酷的。A. frtunately幸运地；B. nrmally通常；C. definitely确实；D. ptentially潜在地。根据后文“We were always 2 him abut his size. He was at least fifty punds verweight.”可知，作者班上的人都嘲笑Matt，所以对他确实残忍。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们总是嘲笑他的身材。A. arguing with与争论；B. turning t转向；C. laughing at嘲笑；D. cmmunicating with与……沟通。根据后文“He was at least fifty punds verweight.”可知，Matt超重50磅，所以是嘲笑他的身材。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人推了他，他摔倒在我身上，重重地撞到了我的脚。A. pushed推；B. caught抓住；C. ignred忽视；D. misunderstd误解。根据后文“he fell n me and banged my ft badly”可知，他摔倒了，结合选项，应是有人推了他符合语境。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在全班的注视下，我被逼得要么耸耸肩，要么和马特打一架。A. stp停止；B. pick选择；C. cntinue继续；D. watch看。根据后文“Matt, let’s fight!”可知，要么耸耸肩，要么打架，所以此处应是固定搭配：pick a fight意为“寻衅斗殴”符合语境。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论他喜欢与否，同辈的压力迫使他参加了这场战斗。A. battle搏斗；B. argument争论；C. danger危险；D. adventure冒险。根据前文“Matt, let’s fight!”可知，作者准备和Matt打架，所以是加入这场搏斗。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一拳就把他的鼻子打出血了，全班都疯了。A. pressed压；B. bldied使流血；C. missed错过；D. tuched触摸。根据后文“During the curse f ur run, I remember lking ver at him, with bld still n his face”可知，Matt脸上有血，所以是作者一拳就把他的鼻子打出血了。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看到我们在打架，就把我们送到跑道上。A. chatting聊天；B. training培训；C. fighting打架；D. struggling努力。根据前文“Matt, let’s fight!”可知，作者和Matt在打架。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马特和我感到难以置信的尴尬，但我们仍然手拉手去了跑道，跑了一英里。A. excited兴奋的；B. wrried担心的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. embarrassed尴尬。根据前文“The rm brke int laughter.”可知，房间里的人在嘲笑作者他们，所以两人是尴尬的。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：马特和我感到难以置信的尴尬，但我们仍然手拉手去了跑道，跑了一英里。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. instead代替；D. never从未。根据后文“During the curse f ur run”可知，作者和Matt虽然尴尬，但是任然去跑步了。故选A项。
30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们跑步的过程中，我记得看着他，他脸上还带着血，他的体重拖慢了他的速度。A. height高度；B. weight重量；C. mind头脑；D. tensin紧张。根据前文“He was at least fifty punds verweight.”可知，Matt超重了，所以是他的体重拖慢了他的速度。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它突然提醒我，这里有一个人，和我没有太大的不同。A. infrmed通知；B. warned警告；C. cncerned涉及；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“here was a persn, nt s 11 frm myself.”结合选项可知，此处应是“提醒我，这里有一个人，和我没有太大的不同”之意符合语境。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它突然提醒我，这里有一个人，和我没有太大的不同。A. equal平等的；B. unique独特的；C. different不同的；D. shallw浅的。根据后文“frm myself”结合上下文语境以及选项，应是“我没有太大的不同”符合。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们俩面面相觑，笑了起来。A. cmplain抱怨；B. recver恢复；C. fcus集中；D. laugh发笑。根据上文“We bth lked at each ther”结合实际，他们互相看着，应该是笑了起来，符合实际。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来我们成了朋友。A. friends朋友；B. enemies敌人；C. adults成年人；D. senirs上司。根据上文“We bth lked at each ther and began t 13 .”可知，作者和Matt冰释前嫌，所以是成为了朋友。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的余生中，我从未对别人动手过。A. questin问题；B. hand手；C. target目标；D. dubt怀疑。根据前文“Fr the rest f my life, I have never”结合上文可知，此处是“再也未对别人动手过”，所以是固定搭配：raised a hand against意为“打击，伤害，动手”。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wu Jianxing earned many nicknames thrughut her years as a physicist, including “the First Lady f Physics” and “Chinese Marie Curie.” Brn n May 31,1912,Wu Jianxing and her father were very clse _____36_____ her father was the ne encuraged her t pursue (追求) her educatin as far as she culd, even thugh few wmen ____37____ (encurage) t pursue higher educatin in China at the time. Wu’s father pened a schl _____38_____ she attended until she went t a barding schl in Suzhu.
Wu was awarded many times fr her prfessinal _____39_____ (achieve) she was a pineer in a male-dminated (男性主导的) field _____40_____ she turned her challenges in the sciences _____41_____ pprtunities at every turn. Regarded as a true herine and as the “_____42_____ (great) female Chinese scientist in the twentieth century”, Wu has encuraged future generatins f physicists with her wrk. After retirement, Wu fcused n encuraging yung girls t pursue careers thrugh educatinal prgrams and _____43_____ (speak) abut her struggle t acquire recgnitin fr her wrk, hping _____44_____ (influence) wmen acrss the U.S. and China. She passed away n February 16, 1997. She was buried in the curtyard f Mingde Schl in China, _____45_____ schl her father started and she attended as a yung girl.
【答案】36. and
37. were encuraged
38. which##that
39. achievements
40. where 41. int
42. Greatest
43. spke 44. t influence
45. the
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名物理学家吴健雄的生平和成就，对女性的影响。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：吴健雄出生于1912年5月31日，她和父亲的关系非常亲密，她的父亲鼓励她尽可能地追求自己的教育，尽管当时中国很少有女性被鼓励去接受高等教育。根据前文“Wu Jianxing and her father were very clse”和后文“her father was the ne encuraged her t pursue (追求) her educatin as far as she culd”可知，两句是并列顺承关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
【37题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：吴健雄出生于1912年5月31日，她和父亲关系非常亲密，她的父亲鼓励她尽可能地追求自己的教育，尽管当时中国很少有女性被鼓励去接受高等教育。分析句子结构可知，encurage在从句中作谓语，主语是wmen，两者是被动关系，用被动语态，句子描述的是过去的事，用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词使用were。故填were encuraged。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：吴的父亲开办了一所学校，她一直在那里上学，直到她去了苏州的一所寄宿学校。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是schl，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：吴因其专业成就多次获奖，她是男性主导领域的先驱，她将科学中的挑战转化为机遇。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，achieve名词形式是“achievement”，为可数名词，根据句意，应用复数形式。故填achievements。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：吴因其专业成就多次获奖，她是男性主导领域的先驱，她将科学中的挑战转化为机遇。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是field，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：吴因其专业成就多次获奖，她是男性主导领域的先驱，她将科学中的挑战转化为机遇。分析句子结构可知，此处是动词短语turn int意为“变成”。故填int。
【42题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：她被视为真正的女英雄，被誉为“20世纪最伟大的中国女科学家”，她的工作激励了未来几代物理学家。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应用最高级形式，为称号，首字母应大写。故填Greatest。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：退休后，吴专注于通过教育项目鼓励年轻女孩追求事业，并谈到了她为获得认可而付出的努力，希望能影响美国和中国的女性。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的fcused并列，一起作并列谓语，所以也用一般过去时。故填spke。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：退休后，吴专注于通过教育项目鼓励年轻女孩追求事业，并谈到了她为获得认可而付出的努力，希望能影响美国和中国的女性。分析句子结构可知，此处动词短语hpe t d sth.意为“希望做某事”。故填t influence。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她被安葬在中国明德学堂的院子里，这是她父亲创办的学校，她小时候就读于这所学校。分析句子结构可知，空后的schl，为前文提到的吴父亲创办的学校，上文提到的事物，下文再提到时，需在前加the。故填the。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分)
第一节(满分 15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 Paul 想参加绘画社团，而他父母希望他选择学习类的社团，为此他很苦恼，请你给他写一封回信，内容包括:1.表示理解; 2.提出建议(至少两条)。
注意:1.词数 80 左右。2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Paul,
I understand yur dilemma regarding jining the art club while yur parents prefer yu t chse an academic club. Here are a cuple f suggestins t help yu reach a cmprmise.
Firstly, emphasize the educatinal benefits f art. Highlight hw it enhances creativity and critical thinking. Secndly, prpse a time management plan t balance study and art.
Remember, cmmunicatin is key. Talk penly with yur parents abut yur passin fr art and hw it can psitively impact yur verall grwth.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你的英国笔友 Paul 想参加绘画社团，而他父母希望他选择学习类的社团，要求考生给他回信，提出建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
困境：dilemma→predicament
选择：chse→select
建议：suggestin→advice
首先：firstly→initially
2. 句式拓展
原句：Here are a cuple f suggestins t help yu reach a cmprmise.
拓展句：Allw me t ffer yu a cuple f suggestins that may help yu find a cmprmise that suits everyne invlved.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I understand yur dilemma regarding jining the art club while yur parents prefer yu t chse an academic club.(while引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]Highlight hw it enhances creativity and critical thinking.(hw引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
I jumped int my mther’s car and threw my crss-cuntry (越野) team bag int the backseat. “I’m s sick f it!” I said, “Training is less tiring than dealing with Jenny and her feelings.”
The training has been ging fr weeks: stretching, running, pacing, lifting weights and making u int a team. Jenny is always the gddess f crss cuntry. She is a cach’s dream. She helps all f un faster by upping the pace. She cheers us n. She trains harder, but s d we. We are c-captains. Hwever, this week, Jenny keeps saying she wn’t run with the team. She has all srts f reasns frm leg cramps (抽筋) t a headache. I have t beg her all day, between classes, at lunch, n the way t practice. She really wears me ut.
“What’s her deal? We’re all tired f it. She’s s needy.” I cmplained.
Mm pulled int ur driveway and shared with me Jenny’s stry. Jenny and her little brther have been tgether all this time in fster care (寄养). They’re really clse. But his father, Jenny’s stepfather, came fr him this week. He had gifts and hugs and big plans fr the by’s future. But Jenny gt nthing. She wasn’t even a little part f the big plans.
“Pr Jenny, nt t have a family. Nt t feel wanted r needed.” I was clse t tears. My mther patted my knee. “That’s it, hney. Yu gt it.”
The next day, I was the last ne t get n the team bus. Then I sptted Jenny. She was sitting in the back, alne. “Can I sit by yu?” I asked Jenny. She shrugged her shulders. I tk it as a yes. “I was afraid yu weren’t ging t make it tday.”
“I didn’t think anyne wuld ntice if I made it r nt.” Jenny said.
I lked at Jenny. I understd what she was really saying. “We wuld have nticed if yu weren’t here, Jenny. We want yu t run with us. The team needs yu.” “Isn’t that right?” I called t the team. There was silence.
Please, I thught, give Jenny what she needs.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
She ran with us that day.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Please, I thught, gave Jenny what she needed. I secretly tld them what a hard life Jenny was living. She was adpted by her stepfather after her parents divrced. But because her stepfather didn't care abut her, she felt upset and abandned all the time. When hearing what I said, the team felt srry abut her family and agreed t give what she needed. Luckily, she agreed t run with us.
She ran with us that day. We were all very delighted t see her run with us. She was als very grateful fr what we did fr her. And we did a great jb that day. After that, she shwed her sincere gratitude t all f us. She said she was lucky t have such a warm and friendly team. She wuld try her best t wrk with us.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和她的同学Jenny之间的故事。主人公非常厌倦与Jenny和她的情绪打交道，觉得和她相处比训练更累人。尽管Jenny在跑步队中非常出色，是教练心目中的梦幻队员，但最近她不愿意和团队一起训练，总有各种理由。主人公不得不整天求她，但也因此感到筋疲力尽。后来，妈妈告诉主人公Jenny的故事，她和弟弟一直在寄养家庭中，但弟弟的生父来接他走了，并给予他很多关爱和未来的计划，而对Jenny却毫不理睬。主人公意识到Jenny的内心需求，决定邀请她加入团队并表达团队对她的重视和需要。整个故事着重展现了人们情感和关怀的重要性。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我想，请给珍妮她需要的东西。”可知，第一段可描写作者会告诉团队Jenny的故事，团队同意给Jenny需要的东西，Jenny同意与他人一起跑步。
②由第二段首句内容“那天她和我们一起跑。”可知，第二段可描写Jenny很高兴我们为她做的一切，并向所有人表达了感谢。
2.续写线索：给Jenny需要的东西——告诉团队Jenny的故事——同意——一起跑步——开心——感谢——合作
3.词汇激活
行为类
①告诉：tld/infrmed/shared
②同意：agreed/cnsented/accepted/cncurred
③跑：run/jgged/sprinted/raced
情绪类
①抱歉：srry/regretful/cntrite/aplgetic
②感谢：grateful/thankful/appreciative
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When hearing what I said, the team felt srry abut her family and agreed t give what she needed. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句和what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. She was als very grateful fr what we did fr her. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)