2023-2024学年黑龙江省佳木斯市佳木斯四校联考高二上学期11月期中英语试题含答案

这是一份2023-2024学年黑龙江省佳木斯市佳木斯四校联考高二上学期11月期中英语试题含答案，文件包含黑龙江省佳木斯市佳木斯四校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题原卷版docx、黑龙江省佳木斯市佳木斯四校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共47页， 欢迎下载使用。

注意事项：
1．答题前请粘贴好条形码，填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息．
2．本试卷分第I卷 (选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，满分150分。
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the man?
A.A teacher
B.A businessman.
C. A student.
2. Hw ld is the man?
A.28. B.36. C.38.
3.What was prbably wrng with the man?
A. He did t much exercise.
B. He failed t finish his wrk.
C.He was in pr health
4. Hw much mney is the man shrt f?
A. 6 dllars. B. 8 dllars. C.10 dllars.
5.Where des the wman want t g?
A.The waiting hall
B.The right barding gate.
C.The washrm.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6.Why can't the wman have dinner with the man tnight?
A.She needs t lk after her brther.
B.She has t take a dance class.
C.She plans t visit her parents.
7.What day is it tday?
A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.Wh is Jack?
A.A repairman.
B.Linda's best friend.
C.The wner f the huse n Fifth Avenue.
9.What is Linda's prblem?
A.The kitchen sink has a prblem.
B.She can't find a bathtub in her rm
C.She fell dwn when taking a shwer.
10.Wh will cme t help Linda?
A.A stranger. B.Jack. C.Linda's brther.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What did the man think f the wman's idea at first?
A.He dubted it.
B.He agreed with it.
C.He strngly ppsed it.
12.Why des the wman want t plant things?
A.T wrk utside mre.
B.T be like the neighbrs.
C.T make the huse mre beautiful.
13.What flwers des the wman want?
A.Pink nes.
B.Purple nes.
C.Yellw nes.
听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。
14.Wh has gne abrad fr further study?
A.The wman.
B.The man.
C.Mary.
15.What is the mst difficult prblem fr peple studying verseas accrding t the wman?
A.The pressure f study and the higher cst.
B.Hw t get used t freign life and custms.
C.Hw t vercme hmesickness
16.What will the tw speakers d next?
A. Give a reprt.
B. G t a lecture.
C.Cntinue their discussin.
听第 10 段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. At what age did the speaker vlunteer at the Olympic Games?
A.16. B.18. C.20
18.What can we knw abut the speaker?
A. She can speak Russian.
B. She is very cmpetitive
C.She is a jurnalist.
19. What did the athletes mainly d at that zne?
A. They tk a rest.
B.They received interviews
C.They gt medical services
20.What did the speaker , think f her experience?
A. It was painful.
B.It was tiring.
C. It was unfrgettable.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Picking up litter is a fun, simple, and free activity that can have instant results fr yur child and yur cmmunity.
What yu’ll need
Plastic bag t cllect trash (垃圾)
Glves—especially imprtant as we practice COVID-19 safety measures
Optinal: pick-up stick, a separate bag fr recyclables
Instructins
1. Assign glves and a trash bag t each family member.
2. Clear ut litter frm an area f a park, beach r yur wn neighbrhd. Take all necessary precautins (防范措施), including wearing sturdy (结实的) glves, being careful n river banks r near rads, having adults handle dangerus items, and supervising children clsely.
3. Prperly dispse f all litter.
Reflectins
Why is it imprtant t pick up litter?
Hw can yu inspire thers t help keep the neighbrhd clean?
Resurces
Clnel Trash Truck by Kathleen Crawley
The clnel is n a missin t prtect the beauty f the earth by cleaning up litter-and cnvincing thers t d the same.
Here Cmes the Garbage Barge ! by Jnah Winter
This stry is sure t inspire yur whle family t be mindful f yur envirnmental impact.
Take it further
Take a few digital phts f what yu’ve picked up. Then send an essay abut yur experience alng with yur favrite phts, yur name and address t mail@ wildernessprject.rg. Yur essay will be published n the Nicdemus Wilderness Prject website, and yu’ll get an fficial certificate. Fr tips n cnducting the clean-up and writing the stry, as well as essays and phts frm ther peple, visit the website.
1. What are a must fr the event?
A. Pick-up sticks and cameras
B. Bks abut cleaning up.
C. Plastic bags and glves.
D. Bags fr recyclables.
2. What is ne f the instructins yu shuld fllw in the event?
A. Keep an eye n children.
B. Leave dangerus items alne.
C. Keep away frm the riverside
D. Stay in yur wn neighbrhd.
3. Hw can participants get an fficial certificate f the event?
A. By inviting thers t clean up their neighbrhd.
B. By sharing a list f envirnmental bks n the website.
C. By writing a review f ther participants’ stries nline.
D. By emailing an essay with phts abut their clean up experiences.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章为一则社区捡垃圾活动的简介，包括需要的物品，相关事项的说明，以及活动后的反馈。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What yu’ll need”部分中的“Plastic bag t cllect trash(收集垃圾的塑料袋)”以及“Glves—especially imprtant as we practice COVID-19 safety measures(手套——在我们实施COVID-19安全措施时尤其重要)”可知，活动参与者须携带塑料袋和手套。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Instructins”部分中的“supervising children clsely(密切监督儿童)”可知，参与者应照看好儿童。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Take it further 部分中的“Then send an essay abut yur experience alng with yur favrite phts, yur name and address t mail@ wildernessprject.rg. Yur essay will be published n the Nicdemus Wilderness Prject website, and yu’ll get an fficial certificate.(然后发送一篇关于你的经历的文章，附上你最喜欢的照片、你的名字和地址到邮箱@ wildernessprject.rg。你的论文将发表在尼哥底母斯荒野项目网站上，你会得到一个官方证书。)”可知，参与者把他们拾垃圾的经历写成一篇短文并附上照片发送到指定邮箱，就会获得该活动颁发的官方证书。故选D项。
B
In a wrld where acts f kindness ften g unnticed, a gd stry that has been discvered reminds us f the pwer f care and the effect it can have n smene’s life.
It all started with a “Kindness Week Challenge” given t Brennan by his 8th-grade teacher, Ms. Watkins. Little did he knw that this challenge wuld lead t a wnderful friendship with 84-year-ld Ms. Ann.
Brennan’s prmise t send his little attractive things every day fr a week develped a habit f checking up n Ms. Ann and sending gifts regularly(定期地), lng after the challenge was ver.
Their friendship has nw lasted fr ver five years, and Brennan still visits Ms. Ann every mnth with flwers, cakes, chclates, cards and mre.
They talk abut everything frm his high schl life t his cllege gals. The pair has fund that they share a cmmn lve f chclates. Ms. Ann always hpes t hear abut what he’s ding and lves t share her wn stries frm a different time. They have becme the best friends, with Brennan treating her as his great-grandmther.
Brennan’s mm, Traci, takes pride in her sn. She said, “The best thing a teenager can d is t take care f the elderly. I’m s glad my sn has added mre sunshine t Ms. Ann’s life. I hpe he always remembers the jy he’s brught her, and his fun talks with her, keeps his kind heart, and thinks f thers.”
Ms. Ann’s daughter Emma, with her husband Guld, has a 2-year-ld sn. They are thankful fr Brennan’s friendship as they cannt always be with Ms. Ann. Brennan’s kind heart has brught mre sunshine int Ms. Ann’s life, and her encuraging wrds have helped t inspire(启发)him in return.
4. Hw did the task “Kindness Week Challenge” affect Brennan?
A. He discvered his lve f chclates.
B. He became a gd friend f Ms. Ann.
C. He develped a habit f receiving gifts.
D. He learned hw t chse attractive things.
5. What d Brennan and Ms. Ann bth like?
A. Flwers.B. Cakes.C. Chclates.D. Cards.
6. What makes Traci feel prud f Brennan?
A. His kindness t thers.
B. His talent fr telling stries.
C. His gd perfrmances at schl.
D. His ability t earn mney fr the gifts.
7. Hw d Ms. Ann’s family feel abut Brennan?
A. Wrried.B. Srry.C. Thankful.D. Surprised.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了八年级学生布伦南照顾84岁的安女士的故事，两人互相影响成了忘年交。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段内容“It all started with a “Kindness Week Challenge” given t Brennan by his 8th-grade teacher, Ms. Watkins. Little did he knw that this challenge wuld lead t a wnderful friendship with 84-year-ld Ms. Ann.( 这一切都始于布伦南的八年级老师沃特金斯女士给他的“仁爱周挑战”。他一点也不知道，这个挑战会让他与84岁的安女士建立起一段美好的友谊。)”可知，“仁爱周挑战”任务让布伦南成了安女士的好朋友。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“The pair has fund that they share a cmmn lve f chclates.( 这两个人发现他们都喜欢巧克力。)”可知，布伦南和安女士都喜欢巧克力。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Brennan’s mm, Traci, takes pride in her sn. She said, “The best thing a teenager can d is t take care f the elderly. I’m s glad my sn has added mre sunshine t Ms. Ann’s life.(布伦南的妈妈特蕾西以儿子为荣。她说:“一个青少年能做的最好的事情就是照顾老人。我很高兴我的儿子给安女士的生活增添了更多的阳光。)”可知，特蕾西为布伦南感到自豪的事他对他人的善意。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Ms. Ann’s daughter Emma, with her husband Guld, has a 2-year-ld sn. They are thankful fr Brennan’s friendship as they cannt always be with Ms. Ann.(安的女儿艾玛(Emma)和丈夫古尔德(Guld)育有一个两岁的儿子。他们感谢布伦南的友谊，因为他们不能永远和安女士在一起。)”可知，安女士的家人感激布伦南。故选C。
C
Vlunteering is smething that is usually nt at the tp f yung peple’s lists. But with a little bit f a push frm student rganizatins and nnprfit rganizatins, vlunteerism and cmmunity change can start t take a huge lead. They becme nt just smething that will lk gd n a resume (简历) r cllege applicatin, but a first cncern and a learning experience fr the yung.
I did a cnsiderable amunt f cmmunity wrk during my summer breaks. A few times I wuld g dwn t the church and help with the srting and handing ut f canned fds t the hmeless. The ragged (破旧的) clth and the lk f upset printed n the faces f the peple I handed fd t reminded me f the hard realities f ur sciety tday, and the difficulty many peple face in achieving their self-wrth. I was als reminded f the fact that the statistics we hear every day abut hmelessness are real peple-nt just numbers. The largest percentage f peple wh are hmeless is in fact, nt the men n the street, but families: mthers, children f all ages, and fathers.
The mst imprtant thing I’ve learned frm my vlunteer experiences is that peple are nt pwerless; as a matter f fact, we have a great deal f ptential (潜力). I learned hw exciting it is t realize hw much fun yu have in yur wn life and hw beautiful it is t share that with thers and hped that they will discver it themselves. I learned hw giving human beings are, even when they dn’t have much t give. These are imprtant t help us pen drs f understanding and take time t actively listen and cmmunicate with ur cmmunity members.
The relatinship between yung peple and nnprfit rganizatins can be the start f a great change in the cmmunity and shuld be a very pwerful educatinal experience. An pen-minded and prmising flw f cmmunicatin between rganizatins and cmmunity members can be the start f scial and envirnmental change. Tgether, we can make the change.
8. What can we learn abut vlunteering frm the first paragraph?
A. It deserves t be taken seriusly.B. It is mre imprtant than grades.
C. It is a must in cllege applicatin.D. It runs high n yung peple’s lists
9. What did the authr realize thrugh his experience f wrking in the church?
A. His necessity t imprve himself.
B. His willingness t d cmmunity wrk.
C. The great suffering f many hmeless peple.
D. The amazingly large number f the hmeless.
10. What des the authr think is imprtant t have cmmunity under-standing?
A. Supprting each ther with financial giving.
B. Develping ur ptential t discver beauty.
C. Knwing ur ability t share fun with thers.
D. Taking time t slve neighbrhd prblems.
11. What’s the authr’s prbable purpse in writing the text?
A. T call n the yung t vlunteer.
B. T share his vlunteer experiences.
C. T explain the benefits f vlunteering.
D. T intrduce suitable cmmunity wrk
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者从事志愿者经历的心得，论述了志愿者服务的积极意义，倡导年轻人多参加志愿者活动。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Vlunteering is smething that is usually nt at the tp f yung peple’s lists. But with a little bit f a push frm student rganizatins and nnprfit rganizatins, vlunteerism and cmmunity change can start t take a huge lead. They becme nt just smething that will lk gd n a resume (简历) r cllege applicatin, but a first cncern and a learning experience fr the yung.”(志愿服务通常不是年轻人最想做的事情。但是，在学生组织和非营利组织的一点点推动下，志愿服务和社区变革可以开始发挥巨大的带头作用。它们不仅仅是在简历或大学申请上看起来漂亮的东西，而且是年轻人的首要关注点和学习经历。)可知，虽然很多年轻人不是很愿意去做志愿服务，但是它有着非常积极的意义，可推断志愿服务是值得认真对待的。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A few times I wuld g dwn t the church and help with the srting and handing ut f canned fds t the hmeless. The ragged (破旧的) clth and the lk f upset printed n the faces f the peple I handed fd t reminded me f the hard realities f ur sciety tday, and the difficulty many peple face in achieving their self-wrth.”(有几次我会去教堂帮忙分类，把罐头食品分发给无家可归的人。我送食物的人脸上印着褴褛的衣服和沮丧的表情，这让我想起了当今社会的残酷现实，以及许多人在实现自我价值方面面临的困难。)可知，作者在教堂的志愿服务经历，让作者意识到很多无家可归的人所经历的巨大痛苦。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The mst imprtant thing I’ve learned frm my vlunteer experiences is that peple are nt pwerless; as a matter f fact, we have a great deal f ptential (潜力). I learned hw exciting it is t realize hw much fun yu have in yur wn life and hw beautiful it is t share that with thers and hped that they will discver it themselves. I learned hw giving human beings are, even when they dn’t have much t give. These are imprtant t help us pen drs f understanding and take time t actively listen and cmmunicate with ur cmmunity members.”(我从志愿者经历中学到的最重要的事情是，人们并不是无能为力的；事实上，我们有很大的潜力。我学会了意识到自己生活中有多少乐趣是多么令人兴奋，与他人分享这些乐趣是多么美好，希望他们自己也能发现这些乐趣。我知道了人类是如何给予的，即使他们没有太多的东西可以给予。这些对于帮助我们打开理解之门、花时间积极倾听和与社区成员沟通非常重要。)可知，作者认为：我们要意识到自己有潜力去发现乐趣并与他人分享乐趣，我们有潜力尽自己所能去给予，这些都有助于加强人与人之间的理解。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。观察文章结构可知，文章第一段先论述了志愿者服务经历对年轻人的积极意义，第二段和第三段作者从自身经历出发，进一步说明了志愿者服务对于年轻人的影响对于社会的影响；最后一段“The relatinship between yung peple and nnprfit rganizatins can be the start f a great change in the cmmunity and shuld be a very pwerful educatinal experience. An pen-minded and prmising flw f cmmunicatin between rganizatins and cmmunity members can be the start f scial and envirnmental change. Tgether, we can make the change.”(年轻人和非营利组织之间的关系可以成为社区巨大变化的开始，应该是一次非常强大的教育经历。组织和社区成员之间开放和有前途的沟通可以成为社会和环境变化的开始。我们可以一起做出改变。)作者发出号召，鼓励年轻人多参与志愿者服务，综合以上可推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了号召年轻人参与志愿者服务。故选A项。
D
On Saturday 24 August 1918, it was raining cats and dgs and thundering ver a city called Sunderland n the nrtheast cast f England. The strm lasted fr nly abut ten minutes. Peple were surprised t see that it was nt just rainwater falling frm the sky. There were fish falling dwn, t! Peple came ut t find ut what was happening. They culd nt believe their wn eyes. There were thusands f fish—sand eels (沙鳗)—lying n the grund. They were abut seven centimeters lng, and all were frzen slid (冻成硬块).
Sand eels swim tgether in large grups, ften in sandy water, and are ften fund in large numbers in the Nrth Sea, which reaches ut t the east f Sunderland. Hw was it pssible fr these sand eels t fall frm the sky and land n Sunderland?
Scientists believed the heavy thunderstrm that afternn may have caused a watersput (水龙卷). Watersputs can be frmed when strng winds mve quickly in a circle ver water. They are s pwerful that anything less than ne meter in length can be taken int them and frced int the cluds. The cluds carry whatever has been taken int them fr lng distances —smetimes ver 150 kilmeters. It’s very cld up there and everything sn freezes slid.
Fr hundreds f years there have been reprts f small animals being taken int the sky thrugh watersputs. In 2009, dead tadples rained dwn n the city f Nana in Japan. In 2012, fifty kils f prawns fell frm the sky ver Sri Lanka. In 2017, fish fell n the castal city f Tampic in Mexic.
It must be a very strange experience t see fish raining dwn n yu. It wuld prbably hurt if ne fell n yur head! With climate (气候) change and many reprts f terrible strms, will the time ever cme when it may really begin t rain cats and dgs?
12. What d we knw abut the sand eels that landed n Sunderland?
A. They were few in number.B. They came in different sizes.
C. They were still alive when landing.D. They prbably came frm the Nrth Sea.
13. What des the underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Cluds.B. Watersputs.C. Strng winds.D. The waters f the sea.
14. The authr mentins the fall f tadples in Japan in 2009 in rder t shw that .
A. raining sea animals is nt new in histryB. the envirnment is nt pleasant in Japan
C. watersputs can reach as far as JapanD. different animals can fall in different cuntries
15. In the end, what des the authr prbably care mst abut?
A. Our health.B. Our envirnment.C. The wild animals.D. The news reprts.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种奇特的自然现象——“动物”雨，及其形成原因。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sand eels swim tgether in large grups, ften in sandy water, and are ften fund in large numbers in the Nrth Sea, which reaches ut t the east f Sunderland.(沙鳗成群结队地游动，沙鳗成群结队地一起游泳，通常在沙质水中，在桑德兰以东的北海也经常大量出现)”可知，那些出现在桑德兰市的沙鳗最可能来自与该市东部相连的北海。故选 D。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Scientists believed the heavy thunderstrm that afternn may have caused a watersput (水龙卷). Watersputs can be frmed when strng winds mve quickly in a circle ver water.(科学家认为，当天下午的强雷暴可能导致了水龙卷。当强风在水面上快速旋转时，就会形成水龙卷)”以及划线词所在句“They are s pwerful that anything less than ne meter in length can be taken int them and frced int the cluds.”可知，第三段主要解释了导致 1918 年那次奇特自然现象的原因——暴风雨导致了水龙卷，而水龙卷的威力很大，沙鳗被吸进水龙卷里，并被卷进云层，随着云层移动 150 多公里远直至降落，划线词 them与其所在句中的They都指代watersputs (水龙卷)。故选 B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Fr hundreds f years there have been reprts f small animals being taken int the sky thrugh watersputs. In 2009, dead tadples rained dwn n the city f Nana in Japan. In 2012, fifty kils f prawns fell frm the sky ver Sri Lanka. In 2017, fish fell n the castal city f Tampic in Mexic.(数百年来，一直有关于小动物通过水龙卷被带向天空的报道。2009年，死蝌蚪如雨点般落在日本七尾市。2012年，50公斤的对虾从斯里兰卡上空坠落。2017年，鱼落在了墨西哥沿海城市坦皮科)”可知，第四段为总分结构，第一句为主题句，说明了历史上有很多类似于前文提到的下雨带来动物的报道，这在历史上并不新鲜。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It wuld prbably hurt if ne fell n yur head! With climate (气候) change and many reprts f terrible strms, will the time ever cme when it may really begin t rain cats and dgs?(如果有一颗落在你头上，可能会很疼！随着气候的变化和许多可怕风暴的报道，真的会有大雨倾盆的时候吗？)”可知，作者用与英文谚语 it was raining cats and dgs相关的表述it may really begin t rain cats and dgs，含蓄地表达了作者对目前环境的担忧。故选 B。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A famus health tip says yu’d better drink eight glasses f water (abut tw liters) a day. _____16_____
An internatinal grup led by scientists at the Shenzhen Institute f Advanced Technlgy in China fund that the average daily water intake f a man in his 20s shuld be 1.5 t 1.8 liters, _____17_____
The study published recently in the jurnal Science described, fr the first time, a set f equatins (方程式) t predict human water turnver (周转率), an indicatr reflecting the amunt f water used by the bdy each day.
The researchers investigated 5,604 participants frm the ages f 8 days t 96 years, and frm mre than 20 cuntries, using special tracking methds. They have fund that a man aged 20 t 35 cnsumes 4.2 liters f water each day, but a wman aged 30 t 60 cnsumes 3.3 liters, _____18_____
Since the metablism (新陈代谢) and water exchange n skin can prvide 15 percent, while fd and drinking respectively cntributing half f the remaining 85 percent, _____19_____, accrding t the researchers.
“The majrity f peple perhaps dn’t have t drink eight glasses f water a day,” says Zhang Xueying, c-first authr f the paper and an assistant research fellw at the SIAT.
_____20_____, including bdy size, physical activity, air temperature, humidity and altitude, accrding t the study. “it can be applied t individuals arund the wrld,” says Zhang.
A. peple are encuraged t drink less than 45 percent f the ttal daily turnver
B. as the water requirements drp with he r she becming lder.
C. Hwever, the results f a new study suggest that fewer are needed.
D. peple living in develped cuntries have higher water turnver.
E. while it shuld be 1.3 t 1.4 liters fr a female in the same age grup.
F. The ttal water input and utput vary accrding t multiple factrs
G. But why d we need s much water?
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. B 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一个著名的健康提示说你最好每天喝八杯水（大约两升），然而一项新的研究结果表明人体所需要的水实际少于八杯水（大约两升）。
【16题详解】
上一句“A famus health tip says yu’d better drink eight glasses f water (abut tw liters) a day.(一个著名的健康提示说你最好每天喝八杯水（大约两升）)”以及后文“An internatinal grup led by scientists at the Shenzhen Institute f Advanced Technlgy in China fund that the average daily water intake f a man in his 20s shuld be 1.5 t 1.8 liters(由中国深圳先进技术研究院的科学家领导的一个国际研究小组发现，20多岁的男性平均每天的饮水量应该是1.5到1.8升)”可知，上下文语意间为转折关系，实际上并不需要摄入那么多的水。故C选项“然而，一项新的研究结果表明，需要的更少”符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
上一句“An internatinal grup led by scientists at the Shenzhen Institute f Advanced Technlgy in China fund that the average daily water intake f a man in his 20s shuld be 1.5 t 1.8 liters(由中国深圳先进技术研究院的科学家领导的一个国际研究小组发现，20多岁的男性平均每天的饮水量应该是1.5到1.8升)”与E项“while it shuld be 1.3 t 1.4 liters fr a female in the same age grup(而同一年龄组的女性应该是1.3到1.4升)”同为研究对象中的两种不同人群的摄入水量的对比。故E选项“而同一年龄段的女性应该是1.3到1.4升”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The researchers investigated 5,604 participants frm the ages f 8 days t 96 years, and frm mre than 20 cuntries, using special tracking methds. They have fund that a man aged 20 t 35 cnsumes 4.2 liters f water each day, but a wman aged 30 t 60 cnsumes 3.3 liters(研究人员使用特殊的跟踪方法调查了来自20多个国家的5604名年龄在8天到96岁之间的参与者。他们发现，20至35岁的男性每天消耗4.2升水，而30至60岁的女性每天消耗3.3升水)”可知，调查结果表明，30-60岁的女性比年龄比她们小的男性消耗的水量少。故B选项“随着他或她年龄的增长，对水的需求减少”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上一句“Since the metablism (新陈代谢) and water exchange n skin can prvide 15 percent, while fd and drinking respectively cntributing half f the remaining 85 percent (由于皮肤上的新陈代谢和水交换可以提供15%，而食物和饮水分别贡献了其余85%的一半)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出我们皮肤的新陈代谢和我们所摄入的水和食物已经给我们提供了一部分水，故A选项“建议人们饮水量不超过每日总量的45%”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据后文“including bdy size, physical activity, air temperature, humidity and altitude, accrding t the study(包括身体大小、身体活动、空气温度、湿度和海拔高度)”可知，这些都是影响摄入水量的因素，故F选项“总水量的输入和输出根据多种因素而变化”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。
Rbesn was brn in a very pr family. At seven, he had t pick cal in a deserted mine near his hme, and then he sld what he had picked and ____21____ a few cins t help his parents. He had little schling, fr being s pr, hw culd his parents ____22____ schl fees?
When he was fifteen, he wrked ____23____ a servant in a schl. Seeing ther children studying in the classrm, he felt srry fr himself. Hw he ____24____ t have the same chance! He decided t study by ____25____. In the daytime, after the sweeping and cleaning was ver, he ____26____ stand by the windw utside the classrm trying t catch what the teacher said. At night, he tried his best t remember what he had learned during the day. He wrked ____27____ hard at his lessns that he smetimes had just three r fur hurs t sleep. The mre he learned, the greater ____28____ he shwed in his lessns. A maths teacher discvered him and came t like this diligent by and ____29____ him t sit at the back f the class. In ne exam, he was the _____30_____ ne in the whle schl wh reached the highest grade. He wuld have been given the schlarship if he had been a(n) _____31_____ student f the schl.
Rbesn _____32_____ thrugh six lng years with his study f maths and wrte several articles which captured the attentin f sme university prfessrs. They admired his talent _____33_____ his diligence. T give him a gd chance, they hired him as a librarian and _____34_____ him free guidance. Rbesn felt happy, fr he was sure that befre him there was a brad rad _____35_____ success.
21. A. earnedB. spreadC. hidD. brrwed
22. A. affrdB. spendC. sendD. read
23. A. likeB. asC. frD. by
24. A. hatedB. decidedC. regrettedD. wished
25. A. the teacherB. his parentsC. himselfD. his schlmates
26. A. culdB. ught tC. wuldD. shuld
27. A. sB. veryC. tD. quite
28. A. jyB. timeC. interestD. taste
29. A. refusedB. agreedC. letD. allwed
30. A. nlyB. wrstC. lastD. laziest
31. A. rdinaryB. regularC. cmmnD. frequent
32. A. struggledB. listenedC. masteredD. learned
33. A. except frB. accrding tC. in spite fD. as well as
34. A. taughtB. lentC. sentD. ffered
35. A. made fB. cming frmC. leading tD. cvered with
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了Rbesn艰难的求学之路。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：七岁的时候，他不得不在家附近的一个废弃的矿井里捡煤，然后他卖掉他捡到的煤，赚一些硬币来帮助他的父母。A. earned赚钱；B. spread传播；C. hid躲藏；D. brrwed借。根据上文“he sld what he had picked”可知，Rbesn卖掉他捡到的煤，赚一些硬币。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没上过学，因为太穷，他的父母怎么付得起学费。A. affrd支付得起；B. spend花费；C. send发送； D. read读。根据上文“Rbesn was brn in a very pr family.”以及“schl fees”可知，他的父母支付不起学费。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：十五岁时，他在一所学校打工。A. like像；B. as作为；C. fr因为；D. by通过。根据下文“a servant”可知，Rbesn在一所学校打工。wrk as“担任”。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他多么希望有同样的机会啊!。A. hated讨厌；B. decided决定；C. regretted后悔；D. wished希望。根据上文“he felt srry fr himself.”以及下文Rbesn的求知欲可知，Rbesn希望有同样的机会。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定自学。A. the teacher老师；B. his parents他的父母；C. himself他自己；D. his schlmates他的校友。根据下文“In the daytime, after the sweeping and cleaning was ver, he ____6____ stand by the windw utside the classrm trying t catch what the teacher said. At night, he tried his best t remember what he had learned during the day.”可知，Rbesn决定自学。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：在白天，打扫和清洁结束后，他会站在教室外面的窗户旁边，听老师说什么。A. culd 能；B. ught t应该；C. wuld会；D. shuld应该。根据上文“In the daytime, after the sweeping and cleaning was ver”可知，打扫和清洁结束后，他会站在教室外面的窗户旁边，听老师说什么。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他非常努力地学习功课，有时他只能睡三四个小时。 A. s如此；B. very很；C. t太；D. quite相当。本句为s…that…句型，符合句意。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他学得越多，对功课就越感兴趣。A. jy快乐；B. time时间；C. interest兴趣；D. taste味道。随着学习的深入，Rbesn对学习越来越感兴趣。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位数学老师发现了他，很喜欢这个勤奋的男孩，允许他坐在教室的后面。A. refused拒绝；B. agreed同意；C. let让；D. allwed允许。根据上文“came t like this diligent by”可知，老师允许Rbesn坐在教室的后面。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一次考试中，他是全校唯一一个得了最高分的人。A. nly仅仅的；B. wrst最坏的；C. last最后的；D. laziest最懒的。根据下文“He wuld have been given the schlarship”可知，Rbesn是全校唯一一个得了最高分的人。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果他是这所学校的学生，他就会得到奖学金。A. rdinary普通的；B. regular常规的；C. cmmn共同的；D. frequent频繁的。根据上文可知，Rbesn只是被数学老师允许听课，他不是这个学校的学生。所以如果他是这所学校的学生，他就会得到奖学金。故选B项。
32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗布森在漫长的六年里努力学习数学，并写了几篇文章，引起了一些大学教授的注意。A. struggled挣扎，努力；B. listened听；C. mastered 掌握；D. learned学习。根据上文可知，Rbesn获得了求之不易的学习机会，以及下文“wrte several articles which captured the attentin f sme university prfessrs.”可知，Rbesn在漫长的六年里努力学习数学。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：他们钦佩他的才能和勤奋。A. except fr除了；B. accrding t根据；C. in spite f尽管；D. as well as也，和。his talent和 his diligence为并列关系。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了给他一个好机会，他们雇他当图书管理员，并为他提供免费指导。 A. taught教；B. lent借；C. sent发送；D. ffered提供。根据下文“they hired him as a librarian”以及“free guidance”可知，Rbesn被给与了指导。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：罗布森感到很高兴，因为他确信在他面前有一条通往成功的宽阔道路。A. made f由…..制成；B. cming frm来自；C. leading t导致，通向；D. cvered with覆盖。根据上文“Rbesn felt happy”可知教育是通往成功的路。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
语法填空
On May 9, James Givens was sitting in the car when he ___36___ (hear) what sunded like a knck. He turned arund nly ___37___ (find) a gse pecking (啄) at the car dr. This was highly unusual given that the birds nrmally preferred t bserve humans frm___38___ distance.
But n that day, the gse appeared t be determined t get his attentin and didn’t stp pecking ___39___ Givens pened the car dr and stepped ut. Thugh the bird then began t walk away, she kept turning arund t make sure he was fllwing. When they finally stpped, Givens realized___40___ the mther gse did s — she needed help t free her baby gse that had gt ___41___ (trap) in sme balln string.
Wrried that the mther gse wuld attack him if he gt clse ___42___ the baby, Givens called the lcal SPCA chapter (爱护动物协会地方分会). Unfrtunately, they were ___43___ (able) t help right away. Cncerned that the baby gse wuld nt survive the delay, Givens decided t take n the task ___44___ (he).
The mther gse watched ____45____ (patient) as Givens tried t save the little bird. As sn as the little gse was free, it ran t its mm. Givens said this was the mst unfrgettable incident in his life!
【答案】36. heard
37. t find
38. a 39. until##till
40. why 41. trapped
42. t 43. unable
44. himself
45. patiently
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只母鹅求助人类去解救小鹅的感人故事。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：5月9日，James Givens坐在车里，突然听到一阵敲门声。根据时间状语On May 9和was以及sunded可知，空处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填heard。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他转过身来，却发现一只鹅在啄车门。根据a gse pecking (啄) at the car dr以及句意可知，空处应用nly t d作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。故填t find。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是非常不寻常的，因为鸟类通常更喜欢从远处观察人类。frm a distance“从远处”为固定搭配。故填a。
【39题详解】
考查连接词。句意：但在那一天，这只鹅似乎下定决心要引起他的注意，直到Givens打开车门走出来，它才停止啄。nt…until/till…“直到……才……”为固定搭配。故填until或till。
【40题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：当他们最终停下来时，Givens意识到鹅妈妈为什么这样做了——她需要帮助来释放被困在气球绳上的小鹅。根据she needed help t free her baby gse that had gt ___6___ (trap) in sme balln string以及句意可知，此处应用表示“为什么”的疑问词引导宾语从句，作动词realized的宾语。故填why。
【41题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：当他们最终停下来时，Givens意识到鹅妈妈为什么这样做了——她需要帮助来解救被困在气球绳上的小鹅。动词trap与主语baby gse是被动的关系，此处应用过去完成时的被动语态，had gt dne表示被动，had gt trapped表示“已经被困住”。故填trapped。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：Givens担心，如果他靠近鹅宝宝，母鹅会攻击他，他给当地爱护动物协会地方分会打了电话。get clse t…“接近……，靠近……”为固定搭配，t是介词。故填t。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：不幸的是，他们无法立即提供帮助。根据Unfrtunately可知，空处应用其反义的形容词unable作表语。故填unable。
【44题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：由于担心这只小鹅无法在延误中幸存下来，Givens决定自己承担这项任务。根据主语是Givens以及句意可知，空处应用Givens，即第三人称he的反身代词形式。故填himself。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：鹅妈妈耐心地看着Givens试图拯救这只小鸟。此处修饰动词watched，应用副词，作状语。故填patiently。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华,你从网络上得知市博物馆正在招募暑期的英语讲解志愿者。请你用英语给负责外国游客接待的博物馆负责人 Mr. Smith 写一封自荐信。内容包括：
1. 表达意愿；
2. 自荐理由；
3. 恳请获准。
注意:1. 词数应为 80 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Smith,
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Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m Li Hua, a senir 2 student in ur city. Knwing the museum is recruiting vlunteer interpreters during the summer hliday, I am writing t apply fr the pst advertised n the internet.
I am cnvinced I have the right qualificatins fr it. Fr ne thing, with fluent ral English, I have n difficulty in cmmunicating with freign visitrs. Fr anther, nt nly am I familiar with the histry and traditins f ur city, but als I have strng affectin fr them, which enables me t prvide visitrs with mre prfessinal service. In all, I feel prud t prmte and spread ur fine culture.
Shuld yu take my applicatin int cnsideratin and give me a chance, I wuld be grateful. Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生用英语给负责外国游客接待的博物馆负责人Mr. Smith 写一封自荐信以获得暑期英语讲解志愿者的机会。
【详解】1.词汇积累
确信：be cnvinced→be certain
做某事没有困难：have n difficulty in ding sth.→have n truble in ding sth.
为某人提供某物：prvide sb. with sth.→ffer sb. sth.
机会：chance→pprtunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Fr ne thing with fluent ral English, I have n difficulty in cmmunicating with freign visitrs.
拓展句：Fr ne thing, I have n difficulty in cmmunicating with freign visitrs because I can speak English fluently.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Fr anther, nt nly am I familiar with the histry and traditins f ur city, but als I have strng affectin fr them, which enables me t prvide visitrs with mre prfessinal service.(运用了部分倒装以及which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
Knwing the museum is recruiting vlunteer interpreters during the summer hliday, I am writing t apply fr the pst advertised n the internet.(运用了现在分词作原因状语以及省略了引导词that的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I culdn’t frget the way I was frzen in frnt f the class tday. My teacher, Mr. Liu had divided the class int grups t d speeches. Tday was my turn. Hwever, my hands shk s badly that I culdn’t read my ntes. My vice became sfter even t silence. Mr. Liu kindly ended my part f speech even thugh I clearly didn’t finish. He als asked me t stay after class fr a mment.
“Betty, I knw yu are shy, but yu wrked s hard n this prject. I’d hate t see yu give up n yurself.” Mr. Liu said, “If I give yu anther chance until tmrrw, d yu think yu can find curage?” I ndded, grateful fr the chance. I went as quickly as I culd t my next class, keeping my head dwn and hping the schl day wuld end sn.
When I reached hme that afternn, I culd see an inviting light cming frm the kitchen windws. Mum was baking(烘焙). She studied my face as I came int the kitchen. “What’s wrng, Betty?”
Tears shne in my eyes. I tld her the whle stry. Mum was silent fr a mment with her hands busy with the cake. “Why is it that yu can talk t me abut anything and everything but yu can’t talk t yur class?” Mum asked. She set the time right and then said, “Let me shw yu smething.”
I fllwed her t the bedrm. There she shwed me a bk filled with pictures. In it there was a blue ribbn(丝带) that said “First Place” and a picture f herself when she was very yung, standing with her parents.
“I wn it fr public speaking. I started the schl year as the shyest girl n the speech team, but I ended the year as the blue ribbn winner. It wasn’t easy at first—nt sure f myself at all. I wrked hard, and mstly I faced my tears. Yu just need t find yur curage.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing Mum’s wrds, I stared at the valuable blue ribbn, lst in thught.
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The next day I walked t the frnt f the classrm t give my speech.
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【答案】 Hearing Mum’s wrds, I stared at the valuable blue ribbn, lst in thught. What was it that made me s afraid? But still n answer came ut. Sn the cake was finished. We went back t the kitchen fr the baked cake. Mum cut a slice fr the sweet cake and handed it t me, saying, “Yu can make it.” I raised the warm cake t my muth. It was s delicius and fragrant. Suddenly I knew where I culd find my curage. It was frm my mum’s lve.
The next day I walked t the frnt f the classrm t give my speech. Seeing the quiet classrm, I culdn’t help but feel nervus again, my mind ging blind and my vice trembling. Then I saw the blue ribbn which my mum tied t my wrist. I thught f Mum’s warm cake, her lve and her inspiring experience. Then I tk a deep breath and gave my speech with cnfidence. This time there was n fear any mre but a big success and a rund f applause.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在进行小组演讲时因为紧张而发挥不好，老师看到作者的表现后对作者进行鼓励并给她另一次机会，回到家里后妈妈用自己的亲身经历鼓励作者找到勇气，作者最终找到了勇气并成功在课堂上完成演讲。
【详解】1. 段落续写
由续写第一段首句“听了妈妈的话，我盯着那条珍贵的蓝丝带，陷入了沉思。”并结合上文中作者妈妈在厨房做蛋糕可知，第一段可以讲作者对自己的思考，妈妈用蛋糕鼓励作者，而妈妈的蛋糕让作者豁然开朗，作者发现自己的勇气源自妈妈的爱。
由续写第二段首句“第二天，我走到教室前面演讲。”可知，第二段可以描述作者进行演讲的过程，一开始作者紧张的毛病又犯了，但是想到了妈妈的爱和鼓励以及妈妈的励志经历，作者平静了下来，成功完成演讲。
2. 续写线索
看着蓝色丝带陷入沉思——思考自己害怕的原因——妈妈做好了蛋糕——妈妈给作者一块蛋糕并鼓励作者——作者意识到自己的勇气来自妈妈的爱——第二天进行演讲——一开始很紧张——蓝色丝带让作者感受到了爱和鼓励——成功完成演讲
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①出现：cme ut/appear/turn up
②递：hand/pass
③情不自禁做某事：culdn’t help but d sth./culdn’t help ding sth.
情绪类
①害怕：afraid/in fear/frightened
②鼓舞人心的：inspiring/encuraging
③自信地：with cnfidence/cnfidently
【点睛】【高分句型1】Mum cut a slice fr the sweet cake and handed it t me, saying, “Yu can make it.”(使用了and连接并列的谓语结构、现在分词短语作状语、直接引语)
【高分句型2】Seeing the quiet classrm, I culdn’t help but feel nervus again, my mind ging blind and my vice trembling. (现在分词短语作状语、culdn’t help but d sth.结构、独立主格结构)
【高分句型3】Then I saw the blue ribbn which my mum tied t my wrist.(使用了which引导定语从句)
1-5 ACCBB 6-10 ABCAB 11-15 ACACC 16-20 BBABC