2023-2024学年湖南省桃江县第一中学等校联考高二上学期10月月考英语试题含答案

这是一份2023-2024学年湖南省桃江县第一中学等校联考高二上学期10月月考英语试题含答案，文件包含湖南省桃江县第一中学等校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题原卷版docx、湖南省桃江县第一中学等校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共44页， 欢迎下载使用。

1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15 B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What des the man want t d?
A. G t a restaurant. B. Enjy sme ndles. C. Buy sme fd.
2. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a hspital. B. In the street. C. In a museum.
3. What are the reprters ding?
A. They are waiting.
B. They are having a meeting.
C. They are interviewing sme wrkers.
4. What will the man d?
A. Stay up. B. G t bed. C. Finish the papers.
5. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Mther and sn. C. Teacher and student.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw lng des the man spend ding his hmewrk?
A. Half an hur. B. An hur. C. Tw hurs.
7. What des the man usually d n weekends?
A. He lifts weights. B. He ges swimming. C. He wrks in the garden.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What des the wman like?
A. Seafd. B. Beef. C. Chicken.
9. What is the man asking abut?
A. The best restaurant. B. The wman’s eating habit. C. The prices f vegetables.
10. What will the speakers d next?
A. Visit sme friends. B. Ck dinner. C. Order dishes.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. When will the sprts center be pen?
A. On June 16th. B. On July 10th. C. On August 21st.
12. What d we knw abut the fitness center?
A. It will be ppular. B. It will be put ff. C. It will be finished n time.
13. What sprts can peple d utdrs in the sprts center?
A. Basketball. B. Vlleyball. C. Tennis.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why des the man refuse the first place?
A. There’s n TV.
B. There’s n air cnditiner.
C. There’s n washing machine.
15. What’s the disadvantage f the secnd place?
A. The lcatin. B. The climate. C. The price.
16. What d the speakers need t take alng with them?
A. Bks. B. Tthbrushes. C. Swimming suits.
17. What will the man d next?
A. Make a call. B. G shpping. C. Buy sme clthes.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Hw are the students advised t g t schl?
A. By bike. B. By bus. C. On ft.
19. What time des the early class begin?
A. A17: 30. B. At 8: 30. C. At 9: 30.
20. What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. A sprts game. B. Schl teachers. C. A schl activity.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Egyptian Websites
Mark Millmre’s Ancient Egypt★★★★★
Mark Millmre’s fun and educatinal site is general, updated regularly, and features several great parts. Majr parts include Pyramids and Temples, Kings and Queens. The Pyramids and Temples part is a virtual (虚拟的) tur featuring plenty f great pictures f the temples at Kamak, Luxr, Dendara, Philae and Ramses II. The Kings and Queens part is mre f a written frm, but again features excellent images.
The Art f Ancient Egypt★★★★★
This 184-page paper is a free educatr’s guide by the Metrplitan Museum f Art and it is abut the histry f Ancient Egyptian art. Resurces include a dictinary, maps f the Nrthern and Suthern Nile Valley, wrksheets fr teachers n Egyptian gds, psture and gesture, ryal clthing, symbls and hierglyphics (象形文字)，a cntent fr bth students and teachers, utside links and plenty f lessn plans.
Ancient Egypt at Natinal Gegraphic★★★★☆
Natinal Gegraphic hsts a well-sized cllectin f phts, bigraphies, vides and ther resurces fr explring the wrld f Ancient Egypt. Of particular nte are the articles, which are ffered at a variety f reading levels, frm 3rd grade t 12th grade.
Nte: Related Natinal Gegraphic articles and vides include:
The Curse f the Mummy
Treasure Beneath My Hme
Ancient Cat in Tday’s Egypt
Egypt Wants Its Treasure Back
Egypt’s Glden Empire★★★★☆
The New Kingdm resurces ffered at this site are designed t help yu use the “Egypt’s Glden Empire” vide series and the related website in secndary scial studies, religin and language arts classes. And ne f the distinguished characteristics is that yu can dwnlad these vide series free f charge. There are als discussins abut pwerful Egyptian wmen, pharahs and Egyptian sciety. There are eight lessn plans fr educatrs.
1. What can yu d using Mark Millmre’s Ancient Egypt?
A. Learn smething abut influential Egyptians.
B. Get a free educatinal guide t Egyptian histry.
C. Take a virtual tur f ancient Egyptian buildings.
D. Lk thrugh the histry f ancient Egyptian art.
2. What is a feature f Egypt’s Glden Empire?
A. It prvides free vides.
B. It has resurces abut Egyptian clthing.
C. It has lectures by pwerful wmen.
D. It ffers mre infrmatin than the ther sites.
3. Which website prvides suitable reading materials fr schl students?
A. Egypt’s Glden Empire.B. The Art f Ancient Egypt.
C. Mark Millmre’s Ancient Egypt.D. Ancient Egypt at Natinal Gegraphic.
【答案】1 C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是埃及的四个网站的相关情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mark Millmre’s Ancient Egypt★★★★★部分的“The Pyramids and Temples part is a virtual (虚拟的) tur featuring plenty f great pictures f the temples at Kamak, Luxr, Dendara, Philae and Ramses II.(金字塔和神庙部分是一个虚拟之旅，展示了Kamak、Luxr、Dendara、Philae和Ramses II的大量伟大图片。)”可知，你可以用Mark Millmre’s Ancient Egypt来一场虚拟的古埃及建筑之旅，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Egypt’s Glden Empire部分的“And ne f the distinguished characteristics is that yu can dwnlad these vide series free f charge.(其中一个显著的特点是你可以免费下载这些视频系列。)”可知，Egypt’s Glden Empire的特点是它提供免费视频。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ancient Egypt at Natinal Gegraphic部分的“Of particular nte are the articles, which are ffered at a variety f reading levels, frm 3rd grade t 12th grade.(特别值得注意的是文章，这些文章提供了从三年级到十二年级的各种阅读水平。)”可知，Ancient Egypt at Natinal Gegraphic提供适合在校学生的阅读材料。故选D。
B
“D what yu lve, nt what thers tell yu is right,” says Gergia Lines f New Zealand.
I spke with the 24-year-ld singer-sngwriter earlier this mnth abut her rise t fame. In 2022, Lines was named breakthrugh artist f the year at the annual Ateara music awards ceremny. Ateara is the Mari name fr New Zealand, an island cuntry in the Pacific Ocean that is hme t mre than 5.1 millin peple.
Lines makes success lk easy, but she has wrked hard t perfect her skills. “I lve what I d,” she tld me. “I lve it when I get lst in music, and everything wrks tgether.”
Already, Lines has pened fr pp singer Gerge Ezra. She hpes “t pen fr Harry Styles ne day,” she added.
Lines has written mre than 20 sngs and wrked tgether with several tp artists, including Jack Burtn, Alex James and Cassie Hendersn. “I lve wrking with ther peple and cperating,” Lines said. “I find I wrk better when I’m with thers, because we can exchange ideas with each ther.”
When asked abut her musical ambitin grwing up, Lines smiled. “I was never a musical genius as a child,”she said. “But I always lved singing and music.”
In recent years, Lines has drawn enthusiastic crwds fr her cncerts. The vide fr her hit sng, “N One Knws”, wn best music vide f the year in New Zealand in 2021.
As fr her future gals, Lines said that she wants “t have a prmising career and t keep ding what I lve.” That means fcusing n her wn career and artistic achievements. “Cmparisn is the rbber f success, “she said. “If I had stpped t cmpare myself with thers, I wuldn’t have made it as far as I have.”
4. What is the main tpic f the authr’s cnversatin with Lines?
A. Her childhd.B. Her family.
C. Her style f music.D. Her way t success.
5. What d we knw abut Lines frm paragraph 5?
A. She likes teamwrk.B. She respects tp artists mst.
C. She has a gift fr music.D. She always lves music.
6. What is Lines trying t avid ding?
A. Valuing mney t much.B. Ignring her future career.
C. Cmparing herself with thers.D. Taking thers’ suggestins.
7. Which wrd best describes Lines?
A. Hnest.B. Knwledgeable.C. Hard-wrking.D. Kind-hearted.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是Gergia Lines的星路历程。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“I spke with the 24-year-ld singer-sngwriter earlier this mnth abut her rise t fame.(本月早些时候，我采访了这位24岁的创作型歌手，谈论了她的成名之路。)”可知，作者与Lines对话的主题是她的成功之路。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“I lve wrking with ther peple and cperating(我喜欢和别人一起工作和合作)”可知，从第五段我们可以知道她喜欢团队合作。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的““Cmparisn is the rbber f success, “she said. “If I had stpped t cmpare myself with thers, I wuldn’t have made it as far as I have.”(“攀比是成功的强盗，”她说。“如果我停下来和别人比较，我就不会取得现在的成就。”)”可知，Lines试图避免拿自己和别人比较。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Lines makes success lk easy, but she has wrked hard t perfect her skills.(Lines让成功看起来很容易，但她一直在努力完善自己的技能。)”可知，她很勤奋，可以用hard-wrking来描述她，故选C。
C
Je Seaman-Graves is the city planner fr the small twn f Ches, New Yrk. He was in search f a less cstly way f prviding electricity t the twn. There was n extra land t build n. But Ches des have a nearly 6-hectare reservir (水库).
Seaman-Graves learned that the twn’s reservir culd hld enugh slar panels (面板) t pwer all city buildings. And that wuld save the city mre than $500000 each year.
Flating slar panel prjects have seen quick grwth as a new frm f clean energy in the United States and Asia. Flating slar panels are sught after nt just fr their clean pwer, but als because they save water by preventing evapratin (蒸发).
A recent study fund that mre than 6,000 cities in 124 cuntries culd ptentially prduce all f their electricity demand using flating slar panels. It als fund that the panels culd spare the cities enugh water each year t fill 40 millin Olympic-sized swimming pls.
The idea f flating slar panels is simple: attach panels n structures that flat n water. The panels serve as a cver that reduces evapratin t nearly zer. The water keeps the panels cl. This permits them t prduce pwer mre effectively than land-based panels, which lse efficiency when they get t ht.
One f the flating slar farms in the U.S. is the 4.8-megawatt prject in Healdsburg, Califrnia. It was built by the cmpany Ciel & Terre, which has built 270 prjects in 30 cuntries. Flating slar panels cst 10 t 15 percent mre than land slar nes at first. But the technlgy saves mney in the lng term. Deeper water can increase setup csts, and the technlgy cannt perate n fast-mving water, n the pen cean r n castlines with very large waves.
Prblems can cme up if the slar panels cver t much f a water bdy’s surface. That culd change the water temperature and harm underwater life. But Seaman-Graves said he believes his twn’s flating slar panel prject can serve as an example fr ther American cities.
8. Why des the authr mentin “n extra land” in paragraph 1?
A. T shw what is needed t build a reservir.
B. T stress the necessity t build flating slar panels.
C. T indicate the shrtage f land in big cities.
D. T stress the difficulty the city planner face in their wrk.
9. What can panels’ being cl result in?
A. Making mre electricity.B. Keeping water still.
C. Aviding natural disasters.D. Prtecting wildlife better.
10. Which f the fllwing is the fittest fr setting up flating slar panels?
A. Fast-mving water.B. Calm and nt very deep water.
C. Open ceans.D. Castlines with large waves.
11. Which can be the best title fr the text?
A. Making Gd Use f Water Surface
B. Argument Abut Flating Slar Panels
C. Bad Effects Caused by Flating Slar Panels
D. Flating Slar Panels Becming Ppular
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是浮动太阳能电池板项目作为一种新型清洁能源在美国和亚洲迅速发展。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“There was n extra land t build n. But Ches des have a nearly 6-hectare reservir (水库).(没有多余的土地可以建房子。但Ches确实有一个近6公顷的水库。)”和第二段的“Seaman-Graves learned that the twn’s reservir culd hld enugh slar panels (面板) t pwer all city buildings.(Seaman-Graves了解到，该镇的水库可以容纳足够的太阳能电池板，为所有城市建筑供电。)”可知，作者在第一段提到“没有额外的土地”是为了强调建造浮动太阳能电池板的必要性。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“The panels serve as a cver that reduces evapratin t nearly zer. The water keeps the panels cl. This permits them t prduce pwer mre effectively than land-based panels, which lse efficiency when they get t ht.(这些面板作为一个保护罩，将蒸发减少到几乎为零。水使面板保持凉爽。这使得它们比地面电池板更有效地发电，而地面电池板在温度过高时会失去效率。)”可知，面板保持凉爽可以制造更多的电力。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Deeper water can increase setup csts, and the technlgy cannt perate n fast-mving water, n the pen cean r n castlines with very large waves.(更深的水域会增加安装成本，而且该技术不能在快速流动的水域、开阔的海洋或波浪很大的海岸线上运行。)”可知，该技术不能在很深的水域，快速流动的水域，开阔的海洋或波浪很大的海岸线上运行，因此最适合安装浮动太阳能电池板的是很平静，又不是很深的水域，故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段的“Flating slar panel prjects have seen quick grwth as a new frm f clean energy in the United States and Asia.(浮动太阳能电池板项目作为一种新型清洁能源在美国和亚洲迅速发展。)”可知，本文主要讲的是浮动太阳能电池板项目作为一种新型清洁能源在美国和亚洲迅速发展，因此最好的题目是D选项“Flating Slar Panels Becming Ppular(浮动太阳能电池板变得流行)”。故选D。
D
American scientists claim in a new study that humans need t create very Earth-like cnditins t survive fr lng perids in space.
The study centered n issues such as dealing with gravity (重力) and xygen in space, cllecting water, develping agriculture and remving waste in space.
Life in space wuld require a natural ecsystem t sustain humans and their necessary equipment. Withut these kinds f systems, the task will fail. One f the biggest prblems fr humans in space will be issues related t gravity. Humans experience lwer levels f gravity in space. A lack f gravity can change the fluid (液体) pressure in living things. This can lead t health prblems fr humans living in space.
There is just n ther place in space where there is 1G f gravity; that just desn’t exist anywhere else in ur slar system. That’s ne f the first prblems we must slve. IG is anther term fr what scientists call “nrmal gravity”, r the gravity that exists n the Earth’s surface. It can be measured as the rate f speed at which an bject travels when falling t the grund.
Oxygen is anther imprtant cnsideratin. The scientists say space agencies wuld need t build high-technlgy main and backup xygen systems t supprt lng-term human life in space. But what if they fail?
One suggestin frm the study is t arrange living things t prduce xygen. Think f the hundreds f thusands f species f plants that make xygen. That kind f system wuld be needed t supprt lng-term missins in space and n planets.
The ther main requirement wuld be a huge amunt f energy frm the sun, the study suggests. The scientists nted that as astrnauts travel farther frm the sun, they will be able t cllect less and less slar energy. But they d need a lt f energy. Otherwise, pwering the eclgical system will be like trying t run yur car n a cellphne battery.
12. What des the underlined wrd “sustain” prbably mean in paragraph 3?
A. Supprt.B. Change.C. Challenge.D. Cmbine.
13. What d we knw abut the gravity n the Earth accrding t the text?
A. It is easy t recreate.B. It is cmmn in space.
C. It is unique in the slar system.D. It is hard t feel and measure.
14. What des the study suggest ding t get xygen in space?
A. Making it with slar energy.B. Creating new living things.
C. Prducing it with equipment.D. Depending n plants.
15. What will happen if astrnauts fail t get enugh energy frm the sun?
A. Their cellphne batteries will be used.
B. Their eclgical system will face great risk.
C. They’ll have t get energy frm ther stars.
D. They’ll prduce energy using xygen.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是美国科学家在一项新的研究中声称，人类需要创造非常类似地球的环境才能在太空中长期生存，这项研究的重点是处理太空中的重力和氧气、收集水、发展农业和清除太空废物等问题。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Life in space wuld require a natural ecsystem(太空生活需要自然生态系统)”，“humans and their necessary equipment(人类和他们的必要设备)”和“Withut these kinds f systems, the task will fail.(没有这些系统，任务就会失败。)”可知，太空生活需要一个自然生态系统来维持人类和他们的必要设备，因此划线词sustain的意思是“维持”，和supprt意思相近，故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“There is just n ther place in space where there is 1G f gravity; that just desn’t exist anywhere else in ur slar system.(在太空中没有其他地方有1G的重力;这在太阳系的其他地方是不存在的。)”可知，地球上的重力在太阳系中是独一无二的。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“One suggestin frm the study is t arrange living things t prduce xygen. Think f the hundreds f thusands f species f plants that make xygen.(该研究的一个建议是安排生物产生氧气。想想成千上万种制造氧气的植物吧。)”可知，该研究建议依靠植物在太空中获取氧气。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The scientists nted that as astrnauts travel farther frm the sun, they will be able t cllect less and less slar energy. But they d need a lt f energy. Otherwise, pwering the eclgical system will be like trying t run yur car n a cellphne battery.(科学家们指出，随着宇航员离太阳越来越远，他们能够收集到的太阳能将越来越少。但它们确实需要大量的能量。否则，为生态系统供电就像试图用手机电池驱动汽车一样。)”可知，如果宇航员不能从太阳获得足够的能量，他们的生态系统将面临巨大的风险。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分. 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s cmmn t feel hungry and take a snack thrughut the day. ____16____ But if yu find yurself always feeling hungry and reaching fr a snack, yu might ask yurself: Am I really hungry, r am I bred?
What type f hunger?
There are different types f hunger: Physical hunger and psychlgical (心理的) hunger. If yu are feeling physical effects f hunger, like a rumbling (辘辘声的) stmach r a headache, yur bdy is in need f fd t keep ging. But if yu “think” yu’re hungry, it might be psychlgical hunger.
Hunger is a nrmal sense that makes yu want t eat. Yur bdy tells yur brain that yur stmach is empty. Avid ging lng perids withut eating r eating very large meals. ____17____
Am I hungry?
One tip t avid filling yur psychlgical hunger is t wait 20 t 30 minutes after yu first “feel” hungry. ____18____ If yu have sme illness that requires bld sugar levels, then yu’ll want t fllw yur dctr’s suggestins.
Plan ahead
____19____ Have an idea t fill the time and avid bredm, like taking a walk, reading a bk r cmpleting a task. Keeping a fd diary fr a week can be a pwerful tl fr yu t becme mre aware f yur eating habits and pssible causes fr emtinal eating. ____20____ Often, being thirsty and dehydratin (脱水) can be misunderstd as hunger. Next time yu want a snack, try drinking a glass f water first!
A. Yu are struggling with being fat.
B. Yu can take measures in advance fr it.
C. Mrever, yu can try drinking a glass f water.
D. Hunger usually makes sme peple feel unhappy.
E. If, after that time, yu are still hungry, it’s time t eat.
F. In fact, if it is dne prperly, there’s nthing wrng with it.
G. Instead, take a mment t cnsider the type f hunger befre eating.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要说明如何分辨自己是否是真的饥饿，以及解决无聊时不断进食的问题。
【16题详解】
根据前文“It’s cmmn t feel hungry and take a snack thrughut the day.(一天中感到饥饿和吃零食是很常见的)”可知，一感到饥饿就吃东西是一种普遍现象，F项“事实上，如果做得好，并没有什么问题”是对上句的承接，且F项中的假设“if it is dne prperly”与下句中的假设“But if yu find yurself always feeling hungry and reaching fr a snack(但如果你发现自己总是觉得饿，想要吃点零食)”形成对比，引出了下句，故选F。
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题“What type f hunger?(什么类型的饥饿？)”以及前文“Avid ging lng perids withut eating r eating very large meals.(避免长时间不吃东西或吃得太多)”可知，本段主要是讲要区分饥饿类型，空处与前文是讲述区分饥饿类型后建议采取的措施，G项“相反，在吃东西之前，花点时间考虑一下饥饿的类型”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
上文“One tip t avid filling yur psychlgical hunger is t wait 20 t 30 minutes after yu first ‘feel’ hungry.(避免填补心理饥饿感的一个建议是，在你第一次‘感到’饥饿后再等20到30分钟)”提到第一次‘感到’饥饿后再等20到30分钟，空处应是描述这段时间之后的情况，E项“如果过了这段时间，你还是觉得饿，那就该吃东西了”顺承上文，符合语境，E项中的“that time”指代上文的“20 t 30 minutes”，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Plan ahead(提前计划)”可知，本段主要是说要提前计划，B项“你可以提前采取措施”与小标题呼应，故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“Have an idea t fill the time and avid bredm, like taking a walk, reading a bk r cmpleting a task. Keeping a fd diary fr a week can be a pwerful tl fr yu t becme mre aware f yur eating habits and pssible causes fr emtinal eating.(想一个办法来填补时间，避免无聊，比如散步，读书或完成一项任务。保持一周的饮食日记可以成为一个强大的工具，让你更加了解你的饮食习惯和可能导致情绪化饮食的原因)”提到了两个具体的应对假性饥饿的措施，C项“此外，你可以试着喝一杯水”也是一个应对措施，同时引出下文“Often, being thirsty and dehydratin (脱水) can be misunderstd as hunger. Next time yu want a snack, try drinking a glass f water first!(通常，口渴和脱水会被误解为饥饿。下次你想吃零食的时候，试着先喝杯水)”有关饥饿和饮水的叙述，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
After Dave Bishp retired frm a 30-year career in telecmmunicatins, he gt a jb as a gatekeeper in a Maine schl district. But after the ____21____ class ends, he takes his chess bards and begins his secnd ____22____ after-schl chess cach.
The 61-year-ld gatekeeper has cached bth primary and middle schl teams and they have been ____23____ with state champinship titles this year. One f his ____24____ is 11-year-ld Avery Zhang, wh wn the state champin fr grades K-5 this year.
Bishp has played chess since he was a child, but he has never gt the ____25____ t take part in a cmpetitin. He didn’t jin his high schl chess club, ____26____ he wuldn’t play well and be laughed at. These days, these ld thughts n lnger ____27____ thanks t The Queen’s Gambit, a(n) ____28____ mvie which tells a stry abut a girl with great gift. After a hard experience, she ____29____ wn the chess champinship under the guidance f a gatekeeper.
But unlike the mvie’s gatekeeper, Bishp is ____30____ nt just ne girl but dzens f kids f all skill levels and backgrunds. His ne wrry is that there aren’t as many girls ____31____ chess. There’s nly ne female n his middle schl champin team right nw. He’s hping t ____32____ the situatin by getting kids int the game at earlier ages.
Bishp als ____33____ that chess is abut mre than winning. “I tell my kids that chess ____34____ yur attitude twards life,” he tld the Daily News. “If yu wrk hard… if yu’re nt ____35____ by failure, yu will be successful.”
21. A. difficultB. firstC. relaxingD. final
22. A. attemptB. rleC. chiceD. chance
23. A. decratedB. impressedC. hnuredD. replaced
24. A. studentsB. cmpetitrsC. leadersD. rganizers
25. A. rightB. pprtunityC. patienceD. reasn
26. A. wrryingB. prvingC. shwingD. admitting
27. A. imprveB. matchC. existD. vary
28. A. strangeB. inspiringC. frighteningD. familiar
29. A. eventuallyB. currentlyC. secretlyD. indirectly
30. A. chargingB. treatingC. discveringD. caching
31. A. wrking utB. depending nC. taking upD. watching ver
32. A. acceptB. changeC. supprtD. explre
33. A. warnsB. guessesC. prmisesD. stresses
34. A. reflectsB. utweighsC. valuesD. limits
35. A. refusedB. ignredC. discuragedD. stimulated
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了缅因州的一所学校的全职看门人戴夫•毕晓普，在下班后，他兼职国际象棋教练，他指导的小学和中学的队获得了州冠军。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在最后一堂课结束后，他拿起他的棋盘，开始了他的第二个角色——课后象棋教练。A. difficult困难的；B. first第一的；C. relaxing放松的；D. final最后的。根据上文“After Dave Bishp retired frm a 30-year career in telecmmunicatins, he gt a jb as a gatekeeper in a Maine schl district.(戴夫·毕晓普从从事电信行业30年的工作中退休后，在缅因州的一个学区找到了一份看门人的工作)”可知，他是学校的看门人，所以是最后一节课结束之后，开始第二角色——课后象棋教练。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在最后一堂课结束后，他拿起他的棋盘，开始了他的第二个角色——课后象棋教练。A. attempt尝试；B. rle角色；C. chice选择；D. chance机会。上文“he gt a jb as a gatekeeper in a Maine schl district.(他在缅因州的一个学区找到了一份看门人的工作)”提到了第一个角色是看门人，而第二个角色是象棋教练。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位61岁的看门人执教过小学和中学的球队，他们今年获得了州冠军。A. decrated装饰；B. impressed使印象深刻；C. hnured表彰；D. replaced代替。根据后文“with state champinship titles”指获得州冠军，此处短语为be hnured with。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的学生之一是11岁的艾弗里·张，她今年获得了州K-5年级的冠军。A. students学生；B. cmpetitrs竞争对手；C. leaders领导；D. rganizers组织者。上文提到了他是教练，结合后文“is 11-year-ld Avery Zhang, wh wn the state champin fr grades K-5 this year”可知，艾弗里·张是他的学生。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕晓普从小就下国际象棋，但他从来没有机会参加比赛。A. right权利；B. pprtunity机会；C. patience耐心；D. reasn理由。根据后文“t take part in a cmpetitin”以及but表示转折，可知，他从来没有机会参加比赛。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有参加高中的国际象棋俱乐部，担心自己下得不好，会被嘲笑。A. wrrying担心；B. prving证明；C. shwing展示；D. admitting承认。根据后文“he wuldn’t play well and be laughed at”可知，他担心自己下得不好，会被嘲笑。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，这些陈旧的想法已经不复存在，这要归功于一部鼓舞人心的电影《后翼弃兵》，这部电影讲述了一个有天赋的女孩的故事。A. imprve改善；B. match匹配；C. exist存在；D. vary变化。根据后文“thanks t The Queen’s Gambit, a(n) inspiring mvie which tells a stry abut a girl with great gift”可知，这部电影鼓舞了他，所以这些陈旧的想法已经不复存在了，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，这些陈旧的想法已经不复存在，这要归功于一部鼓舞人心的电影《后翼弃兵》，这部电影讲述了一个有天赋的女孩的故事。A. strange奇怪的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. frightening可怕的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“which tells a stry abut a girl with great gift”以及上文提到陈旧的想法因为电影而不存在了，所以这是一部鼓舞人心的电影，讲述了一个有天赋的女孩的故事。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过一番艰难的经历，她最终在一个看门人的指导下赢得了国际象棋冠军。A. eventually最后；B. currently目前；C. secretly秘密地；D. indirectly间接地。根据后文“wn the chess champinship”指最终赢得冠军，应用eventually。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但与电影中的看门人不同的是，毕晓普指导的不仅仅是一个女孩，而是几十个技能水平和背景各异的孩子。A. charging收费；B. treating对待；C. discvering发现；D. caching指导。呼应上文“The 61-year-ld gatekeeper has cached bth primary and middle schl teams”指毕晓普指导的不仅仅是一个女孩，而是几十个技能水平和背景各异的孩子。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他担心的一个问题是，没有那么多女孩学习国际象棋。A. wrking ut解决；B. depending n依靠；C. taking up开始从事，参与；D. watching ver照看。根据后文“There’s nly ne female n his middle schl champin team right nw.(现在他的中学冠军队里只有一个女生)”指没有那么多女孩学习国际象棋，应用take up。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他希望通过让孩子们在更早的年龄参与游戏来改变这种情况。A. accept接受；B. change改变；C. supprt支持；D. explre探索。根据上文“There’s nly ne female n his middle schl champin team right nw.(现在他的中学冠军队里只有一个女生)”可知，他想要改变女生少的情况，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕晓普还强调，国际象棋不仅仅关乎输赢。A. warns警告；B. guesses猜测；C. prmises承诺；D. stresses强调。根据后文“chess is abut mre than winning.”可知，“国际象棋不仅仅关乎输赢”是他想要强调的观点。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在接受《每日新闻》采访时表示:“我告诉我的孩子们，下棋反映了你对生活的态度。”A. reflects反映；B. utweighs超过；C. values重视；D. limits限制。根据后文“yur attitude twards life”以及“by failure, yu will be successful”可知，下棋可以反映出对生活的态度，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你努力工作……如果你不因失败而气馁，你就会成功。”A. refused拒绝；B. ignred忽视；C. discuraged使沮丧；D. stimulated激励。根据后文“by failure”以及常识，遭遇失败会感到气馁。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Scientists reprt they have discvered water during a Chinese mn task. The water is in ____36____ (extreme) small glass beads (珠) that were fund in the dirt where many meterites (陨石) have hit the mn. The dirt ____37____ (cllect) in 2020.
Hejiu Hui f Nanjing University tk part in the study, ____38____ was published recently in Nature Gescience. Hui said the beads differ in size frm the ____39____ (wide) f ne hair t several hairs. The amunt f water inside was very small.
Since billins ____40____ these beads exist n the mn, there culd be large amunts f water. But mining it wuld be difficult, ne f the ____41____ (researcher) said.
The findings are based n 32 glass beads ____42____ (chse) frm mn dirt cllected n China’s Chang’e 5 mn task.
This shws “water can be gt n the mn’s surface… a new reservir n the mn,” Hui said.
The study’s findings raise the chance ____43____ water culd be cllected by ____44____ (heat) the beads in future rbtic tasks.
Still, mre studies wuld be needed t shw whether ____45____ is pssible t get such water and whether the water wuld be safe t drink.
In earlier studies, water was fund in glass beads frmed by vlcanic activity n the mn. Thse studies used materials cllected n the mn mre than fifty years ag.
【答案】36. extremely
37. was cllected
38. which 39. width 40. f
41. researchers
42. chsen 43. that
44. heating 45. it
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是科学家在月球上发现了水，以及水在月球上存在的形式。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：水在非常小的玻璃珠中，这些玻璃珠是在许多陨石撞击月球的泥土中发现的。空格处用副词extremely修饰形容词small，extremely意为“非常”，故填extremely。
【37题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：这些泥土是在2020年收集的。泥土是被收集，句子用被动语态，由in 2020可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语dirt是不可数名词，因此空格处是was cllected。故填was cllected。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：南京大学的He Jiu hui参与了这项研究，该研究最近发表在《自然地球科学》上。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词study是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：许说，这些珠子的大小不一，从一根头发的宽度到几根头发的宽度。由the和f可知，空格处用名词，即width，是不可数名词，意为“宽度”。故填width。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：既然月球上有数十亿颗这样的珠子，那么月球上可能有大量的水。billins f是固定短语，意为“数以亿计的”，因此空格处是介词f，故填f。
【41题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：但其中一名研究人员表示，开采它会很困难。空前有ne f，空格处用复数researchers，故填researchers。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发现是基于从中国嫦娥五号月球任务收集的月球泥土中选择的32个玻璃珠。句中谓语是are based n，空格处用非谓语动词，beads和chse之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填chsen。
【43题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：这项研究的发现提高了在未来的机器人任务中通过加热这些珠子来收集水的可能性。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句，故填that。
【44题详解】
考查动名词。句意：这项研究的发现提高了在未来的机器人任务中通过加热这些珠子来收集水的可能性。by是介词，其后跟动名词heating作宾语，故填heating。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：不过，还需要更多的研究来证明是否有可能获得这样的水，以及这种水是否可以安全饮用。it is pssible t d sth.是固定句型，意为“可能做某事”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，故填it。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校艺术中心将举办“我家的花卉”摄影展，请你给外籍教师Mr. Smith写封邮件，邀请他参观，内容包括：
1. 展览时间、地点；
2. 展览内容。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Smith,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
Our schl will hld a pht exhibitin f “Flwers in my hme”, s I am writing t invite yu t visit the exhibitin.
The exhibitin will be held next Friday in the Art Center f ur schl, where phts f flwers in students’ hmes submitted by ur students will be displayed. There are many kinds f flwers in these phts, such as lilies, rses, rchids, etc., which reflect the students’ lve fr life and demnstrate their superb phtgraphy skills. It’s ging t be a visual feast.
Lking frward t yur cming.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外籍教师Mr. Smith写封邮件，邀请他参观学校艺术中心将举办“我家的花卉”摄影展。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主办：hld→hst
展览：exhibitin→display
上交：submit→hand in
一瞬间：kind→srt
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our schl will hld a pht exhibitin f “Flwers in my hme”, s I am writing t invite yu t visit the exhibitin.
拓展句：Our schl will hld a pht exhibitin the theme f which is “Flwers in my hme”, which I am writing t invite yu t visit.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The exhibitin will be held next Friday in the Art Center f ur schl, where phts f flwers in students’ hmes submitted by ur students will be displayed. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] There are many kinds f flwers in these phts, such as lilies, rses, rchids, etc., which reflect the students’ lve fr life and demnstrate their superb phtgraphy skills. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We had sme rainstrms recently in Suthern Califrnia. It was nt cmmn and when it did happen I culdn’t help thinking abut thse wh had n hme t g and had t stay all night and day ut in the bad weather.
I was ut with my kids and they requested cakes frm a lcal shp that we usually g t. There are hungry peple utside smetimes asking fr cffee r a dllar.
On my way in, I nticed fur peple sitting utside wh appeared t have had a hard night. Temperatures were dwn, the rain was heavy and icy winds were blwing thrughut the night.
As I walked t my ear, I decided I wuld spare $20 and give each persn I saw $5 t get smething t eat. When I lked int my wallet, I fund I had three $5 bills and five $1 bills. I walked ver t the peple in frnt f the shp, and realized a man n a bike had blcked my view f a lady sitting next t a man n the grund. I aplgized fr nt seeing her and tld her I hped the man culd share with her.
When I gt t the last persn, I gave him the five $1 bills. Everyne had a huge smile n their face. Then I saw the gentleman I had handed the five $1 bills t walk ver t the lady and hand her $3. She was s happy and thanked him, saying he didn’t have t d that. He said that’s what he shuld d. That brught a huge smile n my face!
As I walked int my car, where my children sat eating their cakes, my eldest asked me what that was all abut. I explained t him the situatin I saw and he t had a huge smile n his face.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Back hme, my sn tld me he wuld d part-time jbs t earn mney.
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Mnths later, my sn asked me t buy fd with his mney fr the hmeless.
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【答案】 Back hme, my sn tld me he wuld d part-time jbs t earn mney. I asked him why. He said he wanted t make mney t buy fd fr the hmeless. I was tuched by his kindness and agreed t his finding a part-time jb. Because he was yung, he culd nly help deliver newspapers, but it als brings him a small salary. He tk the jb seriusly and never cmplained abut getting up t early. I was glad fr his sense f respnsibility.
Mnths later, my sn asked me t buy fd with his mney fr the hmeless. I tk him t the shp and bught sme bread and milk. Lking at the fd, my sn’s face brke int a happy smile. We drve t a place where there were many hmeless peple. My sn gave bread and milk t them. They were grateful t him. As I was leaving, a wman held me and tld me, “Yu have a gd sn. Yu are a great mther.” I was prud f my sn and held his hand mre tightly when we went hme.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一个恶劣天气的一天想到了无家可归的人，作者和孩子们出去买蛋糕，决定留出20美元分给无家可归的人，无家可归的人拿到钱以后都露出了灿烂的笑容，作者很高兴看到一个男的和一个女士分享了作者给的钱，作者儿子问发生了什么，作者给他解释了所看到的情况，他也笑了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“回家后，儿子告诉我他要做兼职赚钱。”可知，第一段可描写作者儿子如何兼职赚钱。
②由第二段首句内容“几个月后，儿子让我用他的钱给无家可归的人买食物。”可知，第二段可描写作者和作者的儿子买东西去分给无家可归的人。
2.续写线索：作者感动于儿子的善良——儿子送报纸赚钱——儿子认真对待兼职——作者带儿子去买食物——分发食物——无家可归的人感谢——作者高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①送报纸：deliver newspapers/send newspapers
②认真对待： serius abut
③分发：
情绪类
①感动：tuched/mved
②感激：grateful/thankful
【点睛】[高分句型1] Because he was yung, he culd nly help deliver newspapers, but it als brings him a small salary. (由because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] We drve t a place where there were many hmeless peple. (由关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句)