专题30+自然科学研究成果-高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过

这是一份专题30+自然科学研究成果-高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过，共9页。试卷主要包含了acid n，atm n，btany n，cell n，charge n，chemical n，chemist n，chemistry n等内容，欢迎下载使用。
单词&短语
1.acid n.______________________
2.atm n.______________________
3.btany n.______________________
4.cell n.______________________
5.charge n.______________________
6.chemical n.______________________
7.chemist n.______________________
8.chemistry n.______________________
9.circuit n.______________________
10.cmpund n.______________________
11.current n.______________________
12.electricity n.______________________
13.element n.______________________
14.energy n.______________________
15.evlutin n.______________________
16.experiment n.______________________
17.frce n.______________________
18.frmula n.______________________
19.gene n.______________________
20.genetics n.______________________
21.rganism n.______________________
22.micrscpe n.______________________
23.mdern technlgy____________________________________________
24.new frntier____________________________________________
25.have an effect n/upn____________________________________________
26.high tech prducts____________________________________________
27.husehld rbt____________________________________________
28.industrial rbt____________________________________________
29.digital technlgy____________________________________________
30.make full use f____________________________________________
词汇拓展
1.strike v.撞；碰；撞击；碰撞；打；击；击打，踢(球等)n.罢工；罢课；罢市；军事进攻；袭击；(尤指)空袭
【搭配】 strike at朝……打击
strike against撞……
strike sb.n the head打某人的头
g n strike举行罢工
be n strike在罢工
The teacher___________the table whenever he was angry.
教师一生气就敲桌子。
___________while the irn is ht.趁热打铁。
The clck has just___________twelve.十二点的钟声刚刚响过。
Visitrs t Hangzhu are usually___________by the beautiful scenery.
到杭州的游客常被那里的美景迷住。
His cusin was said t be____________by a snake.据说他的表姐被蛇咬伤了。
Wrkers ften___________in that cuntry.那个国家的工人经常罢工。
2.hang v,悬挂；吊；垂下；垂落；(使)低垂，下垂，n.(衣服、织物等的)悬挂方式，下垂
【搭配】 hang n等一下
hang abut闲逛；徘徊
hang ut出外玩儿；晾衣服
hang ff拉开；踌躇不前
hang up把……挂起来；挂断
hang ver暂时搁置；挂在……上
let it all hang ut宜泄感情
hang(n)in there坚持，不气馁
I___________my cat n a hk.我把大衣挂在钩子上。
The king___________himself frm the tree.国王就是在这棵树上吊死的。
She____________her head in shame.她含羞低下了头。
The decisin is still___________尚未做出决定。
On Natinal Day red flags are___________ut f every windw.
国庆节那天，每个窗口都挂出红旗。
I___________when ur talk was thrugh.我们谈完后，我就把电话挂断了。
活学活用
一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，
1.I will give yu a phne call the mment I____________(arrive)in Beijing.
2.Unless extra mney___________(find),the theatre will clse.
3.If he___________(accept) the jb, he___________(get)mre mney sn.
4. Tai Chi___________(call)"shadw bxing"in English.
5.I was reading when the telephne____________(ring).
6.Mr White, as well as his tw sns___________(drive)n the rad when they saw a strange animal in frnt f him.
7.If the new students___________(accept),many universities will ffer them an instructin.
8.We____________(watch)TV when suddenly a fire___________(break)ut in the kitchen.
9.I____________(eat)with my wife when we heard alud nise.
10.On 22th December,2020,a grwing up ceremny_____________(hld)in each classrm f grade 3students.
11.Lk! Sme students___________(run)n the playgrund,
12.Then I___________(begin)t feel ut f patience.
13.This bk___________(write)by a middle schl student in 2000.
14.The rm was s ht that she____________(feel)dizzy.
15.In his twenties,every day he____________(ride)his ld bicycle t his ffice.
二、翻译句子
1.如果能得到这份工作，我将竭尽全力做好它。
______________________________________________________
2.我写信是想为未能参加你的生日聚会道款。
______________________________________________________
3.自从我来到中国已经有半年了。
______________________________________________________
4.这几天我一直在忙着准备英语演讲比赛。
______________________________________________________
参考答案
单词&短语
1.酸；酸类 2.原子 3.植物学 4.细胞 5.电荷6.化学品 7.化学家 8.化学 9.电路 10.化合物11.(水，气，电)流 12.电 13.元素 14.能量；能源15.进化 16.实验 17.力 18.公式，配方 19.基因20.遗传学21.有机体；生物 22.显微镜
23.现代科技 24.新领域 25.对……有影响 26.高科技产品 27.家用机器人 28.工业机器人 29.数字技术
30.充分利用
词汇拓展
1.struck;Strike;struck;struck;struck;strike
2.hung;hanged;hung;hanging;hung;hung up
活学活用
一、1.arrive 2.is fund 3.accepts; will get 4.is called
5.rang 6. was driving 7.are accepted 8.were watching;brke 9.was eating 10.was held 11. are running 12.began 13.was written 14.felt 15.rde
二、1.If I am ffered the jb,I will try my best/make every effrt t d it well.
2.I am nw writing t aplgize t yu fr nt attending yur birthday party.
3.It has been/is half a year since I came t China.
4.I have been busy preparing fr an English speech cn-test these days.
第二部分 话题阅读训练
（A）阅读理解
This year, in March, I jumped int a heated pl in Califmia t meet a dlphin named Delle. As I apprached her, Delle turned twards me and became playful, greeting me by splashing me with her beak. Delighted, I reached ut t pat her shiny skin. It felt rubbery, which was the main giveaway that Delle the dlphin was a rbt.
Just as fake(假的)animals are becming very realistic,it's becming increasingly less acccptable t use live animals fr entertainment purpses. Dcumentaries like Blackfish (2013)and The Cve (2009) have expsed sme f the hrrific treatment and suffering f ccan mammals. The resulting public prtest has made aquariums(水族馆)cntrversial, attracting less visitrs.
Arguably，entertaining peple with captive(圈养的)animals is vital fr animalcnservatin. Many zs and aquariums actively try t prmte cnservatin effrts byprviding educatinal experiences and encuraging interest in the natural wrld. This type f entertainment is useful, because it inspires peple t care.
At first, this seems like a reasn t avid replacing the animals with technlgy. Hwever, research in the rapid-develped field f human-rbt interactin is shwing astnishing resultsn engagement with rbts that can imitate lifelike behaviur. When physically interactive,rbts attract a lt f attentin. Peple tend t treat them like they’re alive,even thugh theyknw perfectly well they’re just machines.
If we start t replace the animals in ur theme parks with machines, will this trend decreaseur wnder fr the natural wrld? A bunch f peple expressed negative gut reactins(本能反应)after I psted vide f the rbt dlphin n Twitter. And yet, I dn’t believe that using this rbtanimals will cause us t frget the wrth f living creatures.
8．Why des the authr mentin Delle in paragraph 1?
A．T share a special experience.
B．T prmte rubbery dlphins.
C．T draw attentin t rbt animals.
D．T describe a dlphin prefrmance.
9．What can we learn abut live animals in zs?
A．They are cruelly treated.
B．They make zs ppular.
C．They are well entertained.
D．They deserve cnservatin.
10．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．Reasns fr replacing animals with rbts.
B．Benefits f entertaining peple with rbts.
C．Research results n interactin with rbts.
D．Public cncerns ver engagement with rbts.
11．What’s the authr’s attitude t replacing animals with machines?
A．Favrable.B．Intlerant.
C．Dubtful.D．Unclear.
8．C 9．D 10．C 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了机器动物的运用以及社会对它的各种看法。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Delighted, I reached ut t pat her shiny skin. It felt rubbery, which was the main giveaway that Delle the dlphin was a rbt.（我很高兴，伸手拍拍她发亮的皮肤。感觉像橡胶一样，这是海豚黛勒是个机器人的主要证据。）”可推知，作者在第一段提到海豚黛勒是因为想要引出本文话题，吸引读者注意，让大家关注到有机器动物这个东西。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段一、二句“Just as fake(假的)animals are becming very realistic,it's becming increasingly less acccptable t use live animals fr entertainment purpses. Dcumentarics like Blackfish (2013)and The Cve (2009) have expsed sme f the hrrific treatment and suffering f ccan mammals.（就像假动物变得越来越逼真一样，将活体动物用于娱乐目的也越来越难以接受。《黑鱼》(2013)和《海湾》(2009)等纪录片揭露了一些海洋哺乳动物遭受的可怕待遇和痛苦。）”可知，动物园里的活体动物也是值得我们保护的。故选D项。
10．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段第二句“Hwever, research in the rapid-develped field f human-rbt interactin is shwing astnishing resultsn engagement with rbts that can imitate lifelike behaviur.（然而，在快速发展的人机交互领域的研究显示，与能够模仿逼真行为的机器人互动产生了惊人的结果。）”结合本段来看，本段主要是在介绍与机器人交互的研究成果。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后两句“A bunch f peple expressed negative gut reactins(本能反应)after I psted vide f the rbt dlphin n Twitter. And yet, I dn’t believe that using this rbtanimals will cause us t frget the wrth f living creatures.（我在推特上发布了机器海豚的视频后，很多人都表达了负面的本能反应。然而，我不相信使用这种机器动物会让我们忘记生物的价值。）”可推知，作者对于用机器人代替动物是持赞成的态度的。故选A项。
（B）七选五
A Nervus Jurney
Let’s take a jurney. It is ging t be a fast ne, s be prepared. Where are we ging? We are ging t start at yur head and end up at yur tes. ___16___ It may be the shrtest and fastest trip f yur life. Are yu ready? Let’s begin. Wiggle yur big te. Okay, we’re dne. Yu might be saying, “That’s it?” We said it was ging t be a fast ride!
Yu just sent a message with an electrical signal frm yur brain t the muscles in yur te. Bing! It mves. ___17___ The electrical signals in yur bdy can mve as fast as 150 meters per secnd. In the amunt f time it takes yu t say “Mississippi” three times, a nerve culd send an electrical signal the length f a ftball field and back. Nw that yu knw hw fast a nerve impulse (神经冲动) can travel, let’s take a lk at the system that is the highway fr these electrical signals.
The human bdy is made f trillins f tiny cells. Each cell is s small that yu need a micrscpe t see them. Yur skin, yur hair, yur eye — all are made up f cells. ___18___ Muscle cells mve yur bdy. Skin cells prtect yur bdy. One special type f cell, neurns (神经元), allw yur brain t send messages t every part f yur bdy.
The center f the nervus system is the brain. The brain takes in what yur eyes see and what yur ears hear. ___19___ Yu can think f yur nervus system as a relay team passing a batn frm ne runner t the next. But instead f runners, yu have cells, and instead f a batn, yu have infrmatin. ___20___ It hands its infrmatin t the next cell, which passes the infrmatin t anther cell. In the end, the infrmatin reaches its destinatin and causes a change — maybe a muscle cntracts. The “infrmatin” batn passed frm neurn t neurn is usually a small electrical event called an actin ptential.
A．Just hw fast was the signal mving?
B．A neurn in yur brain starts the relay.
C．Different types f cells d different jbs.
D．Yu might have heard them called brain cells.
E．Did yu ever wish yu culd g inside smene’s brain?
F．It may nt seem like a lng trip, but it is ging t be fast.
G．If yu decide that yu want t mve arund, yur brain tells yur muscles t d it.
16．F 17．A 18．C 19．G 20．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大脑中的神经元通过神经冲动指挥人体行动的原理和过程。
16．根据前文“We are ging t start at yur head and end up at yur tes.(我们将从你的头部开始，到你的脚趾。)”和后文“It may be the shrtest and fastest trip f yur life.(这可能是你一生中最短最快的一次旅行。)”可知，此处是指从头部到脚趾并不是一段很长的旅行，但是很快。所以选项F“这似乎不是一段漫长的旅程，但它会很快。”切合文意。故选F。
17．根据后文“The electrical signals in yur bdy can mve as fast as 150 meters per secnd.(你体内的电信号可以以每秒150米的速度移动。)”可知，此处是讲人体内的信号移动得有多快，所以选项A“信号移动的速度有多快？”切合文意。故选A。
18．根据后文“Muscle cells mve yur bdy. Skin cells prtect yur bdy. One special type f cell, neurns (神经元), allw yur brain t send messages t every part f yur bdy.(肌肉细胞推动身体运动。皮肤细胞保护你的身体。一种特殊类型的细胞，神经元，让你的大脑发送信息到你身体的每个部分。)”可知，此处是指不同类型的细胞做着不同的工作，所以选项C“不同类型的细胞做着不同的工作。”切合文意。故选C。
19．根据前文“The center f the nervus system is the brain. The brain takes in what yur eyes see and what yur ears hear.(神经系统的中心是大脑。大脑接收眼睛看到的和耳朵听到的。)”可知，此处是指大脑是行动的指挥中心，所以选项G“如果你决定要四处走动，你的大脑会告诉你的肌肉这样做。”切合文意。故选G。
20．根据后文“It hands its infrmatin t the next cell, which passes the infrmatin t anther cell. In the end, the infrmatin reaches its destinatin and causes a change — maybe a muscle cntracts. The “infrmatin” batn passed frm neurn t neurn is usually a small electrical event called an actin ptential.(它将信息传递给下一个细胞，下一个细胞将信息传递给另一个细胞。最后，信息到达目的地并引起变化——也许是肌肉收缩。从一个神经元传递到另一个神经元的“信息”指挥棒通常是一个称为动作电位的小电事件。)”可知，此处是指神经元开始了接力赛，所以选项B“你大脑中的一个神经元开始了这个接力。”切合文意。故选B。
（C）语法填空
Star Eating Purple fr Yur Health
Eat a rainbw f clurs ften, as dietitians are fnd f saying — and with gd reasn. Eating a variety f clurful fd prvides vitamins and minerals that can’t ____36____ (replace) with supplement t nurish yur bdy.
Accrding t experts frm Whle Fds, a fd cmpany in the United States, wh examined cnsumer behaviur glbally acrss 465 stres, ur plates lk very clurful this year, ____37____ purple fds particularly ppular. This is indeed the case. ____38____ (walk) thrugh any supermarket and yu will find richly-clured purple fds are ppping n the shelves.
The purple fd trend in the market is unsurprising, ____39____ (give) hw health-cnscius peple are becming in recent years. Peple have lng knwn ____40____ the darker the clur f fd, the higher the cntents f antixidants (抗氧化剂) and nutrients will be and the ____41____ (healthy) the fd. In fact, they are inspired t eat mre purple fds because a study fund that thse wh ate purple fruits and vegetables regularly ften have lw chlesterl (胆固醇) and a reduced risk f getting bld pressure.
Research shws that these fds get their purple clur frm anthcyanins (花青素), ____42____ have been linked with antixidants and anti-aging prperties in the bdy. Purple fds help prmte bne health, and have als been shwn ____43____ (lwer) the risk f sme cancers and imprve memry. Take purple sweet ptates fr example. ____44____ the standard sweet ptat is packed with health benefits f its wn, the purple sweet ptat is even better fr us. Of curse, yu _____45_____ nt switch t nly eating purple fds. Eating a variety f clurful fds every day is the best. But d include purple nes!
36．be replaced 37．with 38．Walk 39．given 40．that 41．healthier 42．which 43．t lwer 44．While##Thugh##Althugh 45．shuld
【导语】这是一篇说明文。正如营养师们喜欢说的那样，经常吃彩虹般的颜色——是有充分理由的。多吃色彩丰富的食物，可以提供无法替代的维生素和矿物质，滋养你的身体。
36．考查被动语态。句意：多吃色彩丰富的食物，可以提供无法替代的维生素和矿物质，滋养你的身体。此空是定语从句，that指代先行词vitamins and minerals，从句谓语replace与从句主语that构成被动关系，且can’t后跟动词原形。故填be replaced。
37．考查介词。句意：美国全食食品公司的专家对全球465家门店的消费者行为进行了调查，他们表示，今年我们的餐盘看起来色彩缤纷，紫色食品尤其受欢迎。此处为with的复合结构“with+名词+形容词”，作伴随状语。故填with。
38．考查祈使句。句意：走进任何一家超市，你都会发现货架上摆满了颜色鲜艳的紫色食品。此处为“祈使句+and+含一般将来时的陈述句”这一基本句型，首字母大写。故填Walk。
39．考查固定短语。句意：鉴于近年来人们越来越注重健康，市场上的紫色食品趋势并不令人惊讶。短语given (that)...，表示“考虑到，假定，已知”。故填given。
40．考查宾语从句。句意：人们早就知道，食物颜色越深，抗氧化剂和营养物质含量越高，越健康。引导宾语从句，从句中不缺任何成分，故填that。
41．考查比较级。句意：人们早就知道，食物颜色越深，抗氧化剂和营养物质含量越高，越健康。此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”，用形容词比较级。故填healthier。
42．考查定语从句。句意：研究表明，这些食物的紫色来自花青素，花青素与体内的抗氧化剂和抗衰老特性有关。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词anthcyanins，从句缺少主语，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：紫色食物有助于促进骨骼健康，还被证明可以降低患某些癌症的风险，提高记忆力。appear/seem/reprt/say/shw等动词后一般接不定式。故填t lwer。
44．考查连词。句意：尽管标准的（一般化的）甜土豆含有自身的营养价值，紫色的甜土豆对我们而言就更好了。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用while、thugh或althugh，句首单词首字母要大写。故填While/Thugh/Althugh。
45．考查情态动词。句意：你不应该一味地只吃紫色食物。表示按道理应该去做某事，用情态动词shuld。故填shuld。