2023-2024学年湖南省常德市第一名校高二上学期期中考试英语试题含答案

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(时量：120分钟 满分：150分 命题人：
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man d last night?
A. He attended a cncert. B. He did his research prject. C. He met Lily and the wman.
2. What will the speakers d next?
A. Send ut invitatins. B. Plan the menu. C. Make a reservatin.
3. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At a parking lt. B. In a htel. C. In a restaurant.
4. Why is the wman angry with her sn?
A. He gt a lw mark. B. He didn’t like physics. C. He cheated in the exam. .
5. What’s the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
第二节(共15 小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What happened t the man?
A. He lst his umbrella. B. He fund sme animals. C. He was caught in a heavy rain.
7. What des the wman advise the man t d?
A. See a dctr. B. Take a ht shwer. C. Get prepared fr examinatins.
听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What’s the matter with Peter ‘s father?
A. He has a heart attack. B. He has a lung prblem. C. He has t supprt the family.
9. When will Peter’s sister graduate frm cllege?
A. In tw years. B. In fur years. C. In six years.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. When will the natinal fd safety cnference end?
A. On Octber 29th. B. On Nvember 7th. C. On Nvember 10th.
11. Hw many peple will attend Mr. Patric’s cnference?
A. Abut 300. B. Abut 350. C. Abut 400.
12. What will Mr. Patric use the smaller rms fr?
A. Children’s educatin. B. Grup discussins. C. Student prjects.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Hw is the weather?
A. Cludy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
14. Where des the man have t g?
A. A beach. B. A stre. C. A subway statin.
15. What des the man need t buy?
A. A cmputer. B. A sftware. C. A smart phne.
16. Where can the speakers find an Apple watch?
A. On the first flr. B. On the secnd flr. C. On the third flr.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Where is Easter Island?
A. T the suth f mainland Chile.
B. T the east f mainland Chile.
C. T the west f mainland Chile.
18. When was Easter Island discvered?
A. In 1722. B. In 1786. C. In 1888.
19. What is the mst amazing sight n Easter Island?
A. The stne statues. B. The tree rails. C. The ancient stne tls.
20. What des the speaker say abut the Easter Island?
A. There were few trees n the Easter Island.
B. Peple have shwn t much interest in the natives’ histry.
C. Mst f the Plynesians n the Island have lst their identity.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Central Park
Explre Central Park, ne f the largest city parks in the wrld and ne f the mst famus symbls f New Yrk. Let’s have a lk at its main sights.
Central Park is New Yrk’s largest city park and ne f the biggest in the wrld, with an area f 843 acres (abut 3.4km2). This park is hme t man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wded areas. Yu will als find the Central Park Z, amng ther attractins in this greenspace f New Yrk.
Besides being the city’s primary green lungs, Central Park is als a favrite spt fr many New Yrkers. It is perfect fr sunbathing, ging fr walks, r ding any utdr sprts. Smething that we fund curius is seeing s many peple running with their babies in prams (婴儿车).
On Ft r by Bicycle
T get t knw sme f the wildest parts f Central Park we suggest walking. Hwever, t get a general feel fr the whle park, the best thing t d is hire a bicycle and enjy the scenery.
If yu decide t hire a bike, yu will find lts f bike rental stres arund Central Park that are nt very expensive.
Open Time
Frm 7 a.m. t 10 p.m. n weekends.
Frm 6 a.m. t 8:30 p.m. n weekdays.
Price
Entry t the Park is free. But if yu visit sme parts like Central Park Z, yu need t buy a ticket.
Transprt
Subway: Line 5, 6, 7, A, B, C and D．
Bus: Line M1, M2, M3, M4 and M10.
Nearby places
Metrplitan Museum f Art (447 m)
Guggenheim Museum (564 m)
American Museum f Natural Histry (688 m)
Whitney Museum f American Art (1 km)
The Frick Cllectin (1.3 km)
1. What can we learn abut the Central Park frm the text?
A. It is hme t lakes and waterfalls.
B. It is perfect fr ding utdr sprts.
C. It is the largest city park in the wrld.
D. It is the mst famus symbl f New Yrk.
2. Which ne f the fllwing things is free?
A. Hiring a bicycle.B. Entrance t Central Park.
C. Visiting Central Park Z.D. Ging t the Metrplitan Museum f Art.
3. Where can we find this text?
A. In a science reprt.B. In a gegraphy bk.
C. In a fashin magazine.D. In a travel guide.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了纽约的中央公园，同时提到了其开放时间、抵达方式、价格以及其附近的地点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“It is perfect fr sunbathing, ging fr walks, r ding any utdr sprts. (它非常适合日光浴、散步或进行任何户外运动)”可知，中央公园最适合户外运动。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Price大标题下的第一句话“Entry t the Park is free. (进入公园是免费的)”可知，中央公园的门票是免费的。故选B.
【3题详解】
文章出处题。文章主要介绍了纽约的中央公园，同时提到了其开放时间、抵达方式、价格以及其附近的地点。所以该篇文章最有可能出自旅游指南。故选D。
B
In mst cases, peple pick the easiest way ut: the path f least resistance. Yet, it is the hard chice — the path f mst resistance-that is mre beneficial and prvides mst success in the lng run. Hw d these paths differ? What are the dangers f an easy life? What are the rewards fr a hard life? Hw d yu start taking the path f mst resistance?
Taking the path f least resistance means chsing the easiest available ptin, with little regard fr its lng-term cnsequences. Fr example, yu eat whatever yu like, whenever yu like, and in whatever amunt yu like. It may feel nice at first but all f them have a very steep price. In that case, it’s guaranteed besity. Mst peple in mdern wrld fllw this path and this is why s many peple struggle with a lack f self-discipline, gd habits, etc.
The path f mst resistance is abut chsing the ptin that will lead t mre persnal grwth, even if it means suffering in the early stage f the prcess. Fr example, it may cst yu a lt t quit watching TV fr hurs n end. But ver the lng term, yu’ll free up a lt f time that will lead t a mre satisfying life than that f a cuch ptat. At first sight, this apprach is unappealing. It requires effrt and lss f pleasure, and leads t ptential suffering. Yet, n the ther side f all that lies a wrld f mre cnfidence, self-discipline and mental resilience (恢复力). In the end, they mre than make up fr the fleeting superficial pleasures.
We’re lazy by nature. Sme may pint ut that it was because f this tendency that we nw enjy s many wnders f technlgy that peple in the past wuld kill t have. But ask the same individuals praising laziness if they wuld be happy living a life where everything is given t them the mment they think abut it. They wuld have zer hardships, n bjective in life and n bstacle t vercme and n wise human wuld want such an existence.
4. Hw des the authr shw the dangers f chsing the easy path?
A. By giving examples.B. By listing data.
C. By making a cmparisn.D. By asking questins.
5. What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Watching TV fr hurs.B. Having many life struggles.
C. Getting superficial pleasures.D. Chsing the path f mst resistance.
6. Which f the fllwing wuld the authr agree with?
A. Life is t be enjyed, nt endured.
B. Set yur life gals as early as pssible.
C. There shuld be sme challenges in life.
D. Gd habits prvide shrt-term pleasures.
7. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T tell us humans are lazy by nature.
B. T shw the cmmn lifestyles f yung peple.
C. T prve it’s laziness that leads t wnders.
D. T persuade us t challenge urselves.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述人们在做出选择时，总是去选择没有阻力的道路，但从长远看来，阻力最大的道路才对你成功有利。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Taking the path f least resistance means chsing the easiest available ptin, with little regard fr its lng-term cnsequences. Fr example, yu eat whatever yu like, whenever yu like, and in whatever amunt yu like. It may feel nice at first but all f them have a very steep price. In that case, it’s guaranteed besity. Mst peple in mdern wrld fllw this path and this is why s many peple struggle with a lack f self-discipline, gd habits, etc.(选择阻力最小的道路意味着选择最容易的选项，而不考虑其长期后果。比如，你想吃什么就吃什么，想吃什么就吃什么，想吃多少就吃多少。一开始可能感觉不错，但它们的代价都非常高。在这种情况下，肯定是肥胖。现代社会的大多数人都走这条路，这就是为什么这么多人缺乏自律和良好习惯的原因)”可知，本段首先提出选择阻力最小的道路意味着选择最容易的路，没有考虑到其长期的后果，接着以吃来举例说明其后果，故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句句意“The path f mst resistance is abut chsing the ptin that will lead t mre persnal grwth, even if it means suffering in the early stage f the prcess.(阻力最大的路是关于选择将致使更多个人成长的选项，即使这意味着在过程的早期阶段受苦)”可知，it指代上文的“选择阻力最大的路”，故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They wuld have zer hardships, n bjective in life and n bstacle t vercme and n wise human wuld want such an existence.(他们没有困难，没有生活目标，没有需要克服的障碍，没有一个聪明人想要这样的生活)”可知，作者提到没有一个聪明人想要没有困难、没有目标和没有需要克服的障碍的生活，说明作者认为生活中需要困难和挑战，故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Yet, it is the hard chice — the path f mst resistance-that is mre beneficial and prvides mst success in the lng run.(然而，从长远来看，艰难的选择——阻力最大的道路——更有益，也能带来最大的成功)”和最后一段中“They wuld have zer hardships, n bjective in life and n bstacle t vercme and n wise human wuld want such an existence.(他们没有困难，没有生活目标，没有需要克服的障碍，没有一个聪明人想要这样的生活)”可知，作者在文中描述了选择最容易的路的后果以及选择阻力最多的路带来的益处，最后作者指出没有一个聪明人想要没有困难和挑战的生活，故作者写本文的目的是说服我们挑战自己，故选D。
C
Anyne caring abut their health will be able t speak ut a few f the majr vitamins, and pssibly take an educated guess at what they d. Vitamin C, fund in ranges and ther fruit and vegetables, is imprtant fr wund repair. And the much-talked-abut “sunshine” vitamin D, prduced by the skin in respnse t UV light, is essential fr strng bnes.
But what abut vitamin P? It might well have yu scratching yur head. And that’s nt surprising: the term was first cined in the 1930s t describe a small grup f cmpunds that prvide pigment (天然色素) t plants, and were believed t have health benefits. A century later, these cmpunds are nw better knwn as flavnids (类黄酮).
Tday, scientists have identified between 4,000 and 6,000 different kinds and we nw knw they are respnsible fr many f the flavrs and smells f fruit and vegetables and als that they prtect them frm invaders such as pests and bacteria.
They are equally imprtant nutrients fr the bdy, helping maintain bnes and teeth, and fr the prductin f the prtein cllagen (胶原蛋白), which prvides structure t bld vessels, muscles and skin.
They are als said t help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness, including xidatin (氧化), a natural prcess by which the bdy’s cells age and can becme damaged and defective. That means they culd help t prtect against chrnic diseases including cancer and heart disease.
8. What d we knw abut Vitamin P?
A. Peple didn’t think it beneficial in the past.
B. It was made int a cin in the 1930s.
C. It refers t the cmpunds als called flavnids.
D. We wuld scratch ur head if we tk it.
9. Which f the fllwing best explains “cined” underlined in the secnd paragraph?
A. discveredB. createdC. imprtedD. disappeared
10. Which is NOT the functin f vitamin P fr humans accrding t the passage?
A. Helping maintain bnes and teeth.
B. Assisting in prducing prtein cllagen.
C. Accelerating the circulatin f the bld.
D. Aiding the bdy t handle the main factrs f illness.
11. Hw des vitamin P help slw the aging prcess?
A. By fighting against xidatin.B. By maintaining bnes.
C. By strengthening muscles.D. By prtecting against chrnic diseases.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了被称为类黄酮的化合物维生素P，以及维生素P对于人体的一些重要作用。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“And that’s nt surprising: the term was first cined in the 1930s t describe a small grup f cmpunds that prvide pigment (天然色素) t plants, and were believed t have health benefits. A century later, these cmpunds are nw better knwn as flavnids (类黄酮).(这并不奇怪：这个词最初是在20世纪30年代创造的，用来描述一小群为植物提供色素的化合物，人们认为这些化合物对健康有益。一个世纪后，这些化合物现在被称为类黄酮)”可知，维生素P指的是也被称为类黄酮的化合物，故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前的“first”以及划线词后“in the 1930s”可知，此处指“这个词最初是在20世纪30年代创造的”，cined意为“创造”，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“They are equally imprtant nutrients fr the bdy, helping maintain bnes and teeth, and fr the prductin f the prtein cllagen(胶原蛋白)，which prvides structure t bld vessels, muscles and skin.(它们对身体同样重要，有助于维持骨骼和牙齿，并有助于胶原蛋白的产生，胶原蛋白为血管、肌肉和皮肤提供结构)”和最后一段中“They are als said t help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness(据说它们还能帮助身体应对一些疾病的关键驱动因素)”可知，维生素P有助于维持骨骼和牙齿，有助于胶原蛋白的产生，并帮助身体应对一些疾病的关键驱动因素，C项“加速血液循环”没有提及，故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“They are als said t help the bdy deal with sme f the key drivers f illness, including xidatin (氧化), a natural prcess by which the bdy’s cells age and can becme damaged and defective.(据说它们还能帮助身体应对一些疾病的关键驱动因素，包括氧化，这是身体细胞老化并可能受损和有缺陷的自然过程)”可知，身体细胞是通过氧化而老化，维生素P能帮助对抗氧化，从而减缓衰老进程，故选A。
D
Peple trained t detect lies ften rely n multiple signs, such as eye cntact, length f respnses and the details in what peple say, but studies have shwn that assessing a wide range f behaviral infrmatin can make it harder t decide if smene is lying. Brun Verschuere at the University f Amsterdam and his clleagues wndered whether slely fcusing n the detail f statements culd prvide mre cnsistent results.
T test this idea, researchers asked 44 students t g fr a walk r steal frm a mck(模仿的)crime. Students were instructed t lie if they cmmitted the fake theft.
Next, the researchers recruited 171 peple t watch six truthful and six deceptive(欺骗的) interviews frm these recrdings, ranking interviewees’ eye cntact and detail level. The results revealed that bth truth-tellers and liars averted (转移) their gaze a similar amunt, but truthful statements were substantially mre detailed than deceptive nes, suggesting the latter is a mre useful way t tell that smene is lying.
The researchers then asked 405 peple t judge the true nature f six truthful and six deceptive statements randmly chsen frm the interviews. Arund half f the participants used multiple cues t identify liars. The remaining participants slely ranked the level f detail in answers n a scale f 1 t 10, with l a 6 r abve cunting as truthful. Thse using multiple cues distinguished lies frm the truth 59% f the time, while thse relying slely n detail achieved 66%.
“Our take is that using just ne cue can prvide a simpler way t judge lies frm the truth,” says Verschuere. Nevertheless, in the real wrld, yu wuld prbably need t cnfirm the accuracy f statements thrugh extra further investigatins r fllw-up questins, he says.
12. Brun Verschuere and his clleagues cnducted the research t cnfirm that__________.
A. behaviral infrmatin played a vital rle in finding ut the truth
B. it’s relatively easier t identify liars by relying nly n the detail f statements
C. truhtellers and liars shared smething in cmmn when perfrming the task
D. peple shuld be trained t detect lies by referring t multiple cues
13. What can we learn frm paragraph 3 and 4?
A. Truthful statements included cnsiderably mre details than deceptive nes.
B. Liars turned away their eyes mre ften than truth—tellers.
C. It’s difficult fr participants t detect liars by using multiple cues like eye cntact.
D. Participants wh relied n ne cue pan distinguish lies frm the truth faultlessly.
14. What did Verschuere think f the real-life applicatin f his research?
A. It had n ptential marketB. It made n sense.
C. It culd be perfectly applied.D. It had sme limitatins.
15. What’s the purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce readers t the classificatin f fies.
B. T encurage readers t apply the results in real life.
C. T infrm readers f scientific findings n detecting liars.
D. T warn readers f psychlgical harm f telling a lie.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的Brun Verschuere和他的同事们进行了一项研究以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的，研究表明，仅仅使用一个线索就可以提供一种更简单的方法来根据事实判断谎言。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Peple trained t detect lies ften rely n multiple signs, such as eye cntact, length f respnses and the details in what peple say, but studies have shwn that assessing a wide range f behaviral infrmatin can make it harder t decide if smene is lying. Brun Verschuere at the University f Amsterdam and his clleagues wndered whether slely fcusing n the detail f statements culd prvide mre cnsistent results.(被训练来识别谎言的人通常依靠多种迹象，比如眼神接触、反应的时长和人们说话的细节，但研究表明，评估广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的Brun Verschuere和他的同事想知道，仅仅关注陈述的细节是否能提供更一致的结果)”可知，Brun Verschuere和他的同事们进行这项研究是想证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The results revealed that bth truth-tellers and liars averted (转移) their gaze a similar amunt, but truthful statements were substantially mre detailed than deceptive nes, suggesting the latter is a mre useful way t tell that smene is lying.(结果显示，说真话的人和说谎者回避目光的程度相似，但真实的陈述比欺骗性的陈述要详细得多，这表明后者是判断某人是否在撒谎的更有效的方法)”可知，真实的陈述比欺骗性的陈述包含更多的细节。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Our take is that using just ne cue can prvide a simpler way t judge lies frm the truth,” says Verschuere. Nevertheless, in the real wrld, yu wuld prbably need t cnfirm the accuracy f statements thrugh extra further investigatins r fllw-up questins, he says.(Verschuere说：“我们认为，只使用一个线索可以提供一种更简单的方法来判断谎言和真相。”然而，在现实世界中，你可能需要通过额外的进一步调查或后续问题来确认陈述的准确性，他说)”可推知，Verschuere指出“在现实世界中，你可能需要通过额外的进一步调查或后续问题来确认陈述的准确性”，即他认为他的研究应用于现实生活中会有一些局限性。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Peple trained t detect lies ften rely n multiple signs, such as eye cntact, length f respnses and the details in what peple say, but studies have shwn that assessing a wide range f behaviral infrmatin can make it harder t decide if smene is lying. Brun Verschuere at the University f Amsterdam and his clleagues wndered whether slely fcusing n the detail f statements culd prvide mre cnsistent results.(被训练来识别谎言的人通常依靠多种迹象，比如眼神接触、反应的时长和人们说话的细节，但研究表明，评估广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的Brun Verschuere和他的同事想知道，仅仅关注陈述的细节是否能提供更一致的结果)”和最后一段中““Our take is that using just ne cue can prvide a simpler way t judge lies frm the truth,” says Verschuere.( Verschuere说：“我们的看法是，仅仅使用一个线索就可以提供一种更简单的方法来根据事实判断谎言。”)”结合文章主要介绍了评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的Brun Verschuere和他的同事们进行了一项研究以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的，研究表明，仅仅使用一个线索就可以提供一种更简单的方法来根据事实判断谎言。由此可推知，文章的主要目的是告知读者关于识别说谎者的科学发现。故选C。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t d basic First Aid
Basic first aid refers t a temprary frm f help given t smene wh has been injured r has gt sick due t chking, a heart attack, drugs r ther medical emergencies. ____16____.
Care fr the persn wh has just gne thrugh serius damage, including bth physical treatment and emtinal supprt. ____17____. Let the persn knw that help is n its way and that everything will be all right. Als yu can ask fr their names, if they knw what has happened, and then abut their interests.
____18____, if a persn is in a state similar t sleep. Yu’d better listen fr the sund f air cming in and ut, and feel fr air using the side f yur face. If there are n signs f breathing, place tw fingers under the chin (下巴) and gently guide the face pinting upwards t pen up their airways.
Perfrm 30 chest cmpressins (心肺复苏) and tw rescue breaths as part f CPR. ____19____. And then press the chest dwn abut 2 inches at a rate f 100 cmpressins per minute. After 30 cmpressins, give tw rescue breaths, dne by pening the airways, clsing the nse and fully cvering the muth hle.
Make sure the persn is warm as yu wait fr medical help. Remve sme f yur wn clthing, such as yur cat r jacket, and use it as a cver until medical help arrives. Hwever, if the persn has a heatstrke (中暑), d nt cver him r keep him warm. ____20____.
A. Instead, try t cl him
B. Yu must stay calm
C. Perfrm first aid immediately
D. Check fr breath
E. Here are sme tips fr first aid
F. It is imprtant t take the crrect chest cmpressins
G. In the center f the chest, put yur tw hands tgether first
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何进行基本的急救。
【16题详解】
上文“Basic first aid refers t a temprary frm f help given t smene wh has been injured r has gt sick due t chking, a heart attack, drugs r ther medical emergencies.(基本急救是指对因窒息、心脏病发作、药物或其他医疗紧急情况而受伤或生病的人提供的临时帮助)”解释了什么是急救，下文是具体的急救方法，故E项“这里有一些急救技巧”承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Care fr the persn wh has just gne thrugh serius damage, including bth physical treatment and emtinal supprt. (照顾刚刚遭受严重伤害的人，包括身体治疗和情感支持)”和下文“Let the persn knw that help is n its way and that everything will be all right. Als yu can ask fr their names, if they knw what has happened, and then abut their interests.(让那个人知道帮助就在路上，一切都会好起来的。你也可以问他们的名字，如果他们知道发生了什么事，然后问他们的兴趣)”可知，要给予患者身体治疗和情感支持，安抚他们，所以你要冷静应对，B项“你必须保持冷静”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据空后“Yu’d better listen fr the sund f air cming in and ut, and feel fr air using the side f yur face.(你最好听空气进出的声音，用你的脸去感受空气)”可知，本段是关于检查呼吸，D项“检查呼吸”适合为本段主题句，故选D。
【19题详解】
上文“Perfrm 30 chest cmpressins (心肺复苏) and tw rescue breaths as part f CPR.(作为心肺复苏术的一部分，进行30次胸外按压和2次人工呼吸)”提到要进行胸外按压，结合下文“And then press the chest dwn abut 2 inches at a rate f 100 cmpressins per minute.(然后以每分钟100次的速度将胸部向下按压约2英寸)”可知，空处是进行胸外按压的第一步，G项“在胸部中央，先把你的双手放在一起”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
上文“Hwever, if the persn has a heatstrke (中暑), d nt cver him r keep him warm.(然而，如果有人中暑，不要给他盖上衣服或给他保暖)”提到，如果有人中暑不要给他盖上衣服，空处应是接着说应该怎么做，A项“相反，试着让他凉快下来”符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The train had been lng delayed. Running ut f ____21____, Andy put dwn his bk and lked ut. He fund the____22____at nce: it was raining hard.
He lay dwn and fell asleep but was sn wken up by a wman. She handed him his bag and ____23____ that it had slipped t the flr. He gratefully tk it back and pened it,____24____ t see his mther’s scarf and sme sandwiches inside.
Andy’s thughts drifted(飘)t when he was ____25____. His mther had insisted n putting her scarf in. “If it rains, it may get cld.” He remembered feeling____26____and had taken it ut. But it was still here.
____27____ Andy realized he was burning with fever. Feeling helpless, he called his mum. “Take a ____28____I have put in medicine, just____29____,” she suggested. Tuched by his mther’s_____30_____he tk the medicine and sn fell deep asleep in the_____31_____f the scarf.
Andy wke up later feeling much better. Then he nticed the wman,wh’d_____32_____him earlier, _____33_____ hlding a baby in her arms, bth shaking. Their clthes did little against the cld wind.
Withut thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mther’s scarf arund the baby. T his _____34_____, the child sn fell asleep in the lve f nt ne, but tw_____35_____.
21. A. luckB. patienceC. timeD. energy
22. A. trainB. truthC. causeD. ntice
23. A. insistedB. explainedC. aplgizedD. admitted
24. A. surprisedB. readyC. thankfulD. expecting
25. A. checkingB. leavingC. planningD. packing
26. A. hurtB. annyedC. ashamedD. puzzled
27. A. LatelyB. FinallyC. SuddenlyD. Instantly
28. A. lkB. pillC. restD. sandwich
29. A. fr safetyB. n purpseC. in caseD. by accident
30. A. calmnessB. cnfidenceC. cmfrtD. care
31. A. warmthB. memryC. smellD. tuch
32. A. helpedB. pleasedC. disturbedD. greeted
33. A. cmfrtablyB. safelyC. gentlyD. tightly
34. A. reliefB. amazementC. mindD. advantage
35. A. armsB. scarfsC. passengersD. mthers
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了安迪在火车上感受到母亲的关爱并帮助了别人。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：安迪忍无可忍，放下书往外看。A. luck幸运；B. patience耐心；C. time时间；D. energy精力。根据“The train had been lng delayed.”可知，因为火车耽搁了很久，所以安迪失去了耐心，放下书往外看。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他马上就找到了原因：雨下得很大。A. train火车；B. truth事实；C. cause原因；D. ntice通知。根据“it was raining hard.”可知，安迪找到火车耽搁了很久的原因。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把他的包递给他，并解释说它滑到了地上。A. insisted坚持；B. explained解释，说；C. aplgized道歉；D. admitted承认。根据“it had slipped t the flr.”可知，这位女士解释了递给安迪包的原因。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他感激地把它拿了回来，打开一看，惊讶地发现里面是妈妈的围巾和一些三明治。A. surprised惊讶的；B. ready准备好的；C. thankful感激的；D. expecting期望。根据“He remembered feeling____6____and had taken it ut. But it was still here.”可知，发现包里面是妈妈的围巾和一些三明治，安迪感到很惊讶。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安迪的思绪飘到了他收拾行李的时候。A. checking检查；B. leaving离开；C. planning计划；D. packing包装；收拾行李。根据“His mther had insisted n putting her scarf in.”可知，安迪离家前收拾行李。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他记得当时很生气，就把它拿了出来。A. hurt受伤的；B. annyed恼怒的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据“and had taken it ut.”可知，安迪当时很生气。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然安迪意识到自己发烧了。 A. Lately最近；B. Finally最后；C. Suddenly突然；D. Instantly立即地。根据“Andy realized he was burning with fever.”可知，安迪突然意识到自己发烧了。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“吃一片我放在药里的药片，以防万一，”她建议道。A. lk看；B. pill药片；C. rest休息；D. sandwich三明治。根据“I have put in medicine,”可知，妈妈为安迪准备了感冒的药片。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：“吃一片我放在药里的药片，以防万一，”她建议道。A. fr safety为安全起见；B. n purpse故意；C. in case以防；D. by accident碰巧。根据“Take a ____8____I have put in medicine,”可知，妈妈为安迪准备好药，以防万一。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被母亲的关怀感动了，吃了药，很快就在围巾的温暖中睡着了。A. calmness平静；B. cnfidence信心；C. cmfrt安慰；D. care关心。根据““Take a ____8____I have put in medicine, just____9____,” she suggested.”可知，安迪被母亲的关怀感动了。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被母亲的关怀感动了，吃了药，很快就在围巾的温暖中睡着了。A. warmth温暖；B. memry记忆；C. smell味道；D. tuch触摸。根据“and sn fell deep asleep”可知，安迪在妈妈温暖的围巾中睡着了。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他注意到那个早些时候帮过他的女人，紧紧地抱着一个婴儿，两个人都在发抖。 A. helped帮助；B. pleased使……高兴；C. disturbed打扰；D. greeted打招呼。根据“She handed him his bag and ____3____ that it had slipped t the flr.”可知，那个女人帮助过安迪。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，他注意到那个早些时候帮过他的女人，紧紧地抱着一个婴儿，两个人都在发抖。A. cmfrtably舒服地；B. safely安全地；C. gently温柔地；D. tightly紧紧地。根据“hlding a baby in her arms, bth shaking.”可知，因为寒冷，所以紧紧地抱着。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，孩子很快就在不是一个而是两个母亲的爱中睡着了。 A. relief欣慰；B. amazement惊讶；C. mind想法；D. advantage优势。根据“the child sn fell asleep in the lve f nt ne, but tw____15____.”可知，孩子在温暖的围巾中睡着了，让安迪很欣慰。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令他欣慰的是，孩子很快就在不是一个而是两个母亲的爱中睡着了。A. arms手臂；B. scarfs围巾；C. passengers乘客；D. mthers母亲。根据“Withut thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mther’s scarf arund the baby.”可知，因为两位母亲的爱，孩子很快睡着了。故选D。
第二节 (共10题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tea is a simple drink. And it is central t the lives f millins f peple wrldwide.
There are six majr types f tea in China-green tea, black tea, Olng tea, dark tea, white tea, and reprcessed tea, distinguished ____36____(main) by different methds f prductin.
China,____37____ (recgnize) as the hmeland f tea, is a leading prducer and cnsumer, and the ____38____(discver) and the usage f tea have a histry f 4, 000 t 5, 000 years. Drinking tea first____39____(start) t becme ppular in the Tang and Sng Dynasties.
The rigin f tea is lst amng histry and legend.____40____ can be rughly cnfirmed is that tea riginated in suthwest China. In Yunnan and elsewhere, sme wild tea trees that ____41____(be) ver 1, 000 years ld still exist.
Many traditinal Chinese families drink tea after dinner r when ____42____(greet) visitrs. This is nt nly a ____43____(health) habit but als reflects rich culture and histry. Chinese peple can chat with a friend r enjy themselves fr a whle afternn ____44____a pt f gd tea.
It was in the Tang Dynasty that teahuses came int being, and in sme big cities then, there were als tea shps,____45____ stred large quantities f tea leaves and prepared tea fr their custmers.
【答案】36. mainly
37. recgnized
38. discvery
39. started
40. What 41. are
42. greeting
43. healthy
44. ver 45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国茶文化的历史。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国有六大茶种——绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶、黑茶、白茶和再加工茶，主要以不同的生产方法来区分。修饰动词“distinguished”应用副词形式，故填mainly。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国被公认为茶的故乡，是茶叶的主要生产国和消费国，茶的发现和使用已有4000至5000年的历史。动词recgnize和China之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，表示被动。故填recgnized。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。分析句子并结合空前的the可知，此处应填名词discvery，和名词“usage”并列作主语，故填discvery。
【39题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：饮茶最早开始流行于唐宋时期。根据时间状语“in the Tang and Sng Dynasties”可知句子应用一般过去时，故填started。
【40题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：可以大致确定的是，茶起源于中国西南部。空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用what引导，首字母应大写，故填What。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在云南和其他地方，一些超过1000年的野生茶树仍然存在。that引导定语从句，指代先行词“wild tea trees”，在从句中作主语，表示复数意义，且句子是描述一个一般性事实，应用一般现在时，故be动词用are，故填are。
【42题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：许多传统的中国家庭在饭后或迎客时喝茶。分析句子可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句主语和主句主语一致，此处表示“当许多传统的中国家庭在欢迎客人时”，应用现在进行时，故完整形式是when they are greeting visitrs，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词省略，故填greeting。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这不仅是一种健康的习惯，而且反映了丰富的文化和历史。修饰名词habit应用形容词作定语，故填healthy。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国人可以和朋友聊天，或者喝一壶好茶，享受整个下午。结合句意可知，此处指“在……期间”，用介词ver，故填ver。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：茶馆是在唐代出现的，在当时的一些大城市里，也有茶叶店，它们储存大量的茶叶，为顾客准备茶水。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是tea shps，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请以“我最喜爱的歌手”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1 人物简介；
2. 喜爱的原因。
注意：1. 要点明确，条理清楚，语言得体；
2 字数80左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I knw many singers, such as Wang li-hng, Zhu jie-lun and Michael Jacksn and s n. But I like Michael Jacksn best.
I recgnized Michael Jacksn n ccasin. There was a pem recitatin cmpetitin in my class. I had t lk fr a sng abut peace. Finally I fund "Heal the Wrld" which was Michael Jacksn's famus wrk. I liked it at nce at the first sund f it and I thught it was the best sng that I had ever heard.
Since then I began t knw mre abut Michael Jacksn and began t lve him. He was named "King f Pp". I lve him, because he was nt nly a singer but als a lving persn.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生以“我最喜爱的歌手”为题，写一篇短文，参加学校正在组织英语作文比赛。
【详解】词汇积累
了解：knw → recgnize
机会：chance → ccasin
比赛：cntest → cmpetitin
寻找：find → lk fr
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I knw many singers, such as Wang li-hng, Zhu jie-lun and Michael Jacksn and s n.
拓展句：I knw many singers, wh are Wang li-hng, Zhu jie-lun and Michael Jacksn and s n.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Finally I fund "Heal the Wrld", which was Michael Jacksn's famus wrk. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I liked it at nce at the first sund f it and I thught it was the best sng that I had ever heard. (运用了that引导的定语从句,同时thught后面是省掉了连接词的宾语从句)
[高分句型3] I lve him, because he was nt nly a singer but als a lving persn. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句,同时运用了nt nly……but als……连接并列的表语)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Our flight didn’t leave until Sunday night s I wrked as usual during the day n Sunday, playing the pian during brunch at a glf resrt lcated dwn in the valley. I lved my jb and my custmers, mst f whm faithfully dined every Sunday.
That mrning, I’d tld my custmers that my sweet daughter had laned me mney fr an airline ticket s I culd fly ut with her and my grandchildren t see my father fr what we believed wuld be the last time.
One f my favrite custmers came ver befre she left and gave me a huge hug. In the prcess, she slipped a bill in my hand instead f drpping it in my tip basket. Her vice sunded serius. “This is fr yur trip. It’s nt t pay bills and nt t pay yur daughter fr the plane ticket.”
My eyes watered as I stared at the fifty-dllar bill in my hand. “Thank yu, but I can’t accept this. It’s way t much mney.”
Every Sunday, this wman left me a mre than-generus tip, but this seemed t much. When I refused the bill and tried t hand it back, she gently pushed away my hand. “I knw yu’ll find the perfect use fr it. Have fun. I’ll see yu when yu get back.”
I was struggling t make ends meet, s that extra fifty wuld have cme in handy fr bills r grceries. Yet my custmer’s wrds kept eching (重复) thrugh my head. After talking it ver with my husband, he agreed. I shuld take the fifty with me and hnr my custmer’s wishes.
Our plane tk ff late, and when we landed, my daughter and I dashed thrugh the airprt with tw yung children, terrified f missing ur cnnecting flight.
When we finally reached ur gate, I sptted a yung mther with tears streaming dwn her face searching thrugh her carry-n bags, bviusly lsing smething.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I walked ver and put my arm arund her.
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I grabbed the wman’s hand and slipped her the mney
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【答案】参考范文：
I walked ver and put my arm arund her. “Are yu kay? Can I help?” Between sbs, the wman tld me that she’d lst her purse smewhere alng her trip. Withut her purse, she culd nt pay fr a taxi r fd, and had n way t cntact her husband and let him knw what had happened. As they annunced that ur flight was barding, fresh tears f panic filled the mther’s eyes, and I tld her nt t wrry. I realized my custmer had been right—I had fund the perfect use fr the mney she’d given me.
I grabbed the wman’s hand and slipped her the mney. Thanking me ver and ver, her sbs turned t tears f jy as we barded ur flight tgether. On the plane, my daughter ended up sitting near this wman, and I verheard their cnversatin. “Please, give me yur mm’s address s I can pay her back when I get hme.” “N,” my daughter said. “Maybe smeday yu’ll get the chance t pass the favr n t smene else in need. That wuld make my mther happy.”
【解析】
【导语】本篇文章以顾客给作者的小费为线索，讲述了作者在和顾客提到女儿贷款买机票，和她一起去看望作者的父亲时，顾客给了作者五十美元的小费，并说这是机票钱。作者拒绝了，但顾客却坚持，并认为作者会好好利用这笔钱的。在作者登机时，遇到了一个丢失钱包的女性，因此作者的确发现了这笔钱的用处，将这笔钱无偿地给了那位女性。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我走过去，用胳膊搂着她。”可知，本段可以写这位女性遇到的困难，丢了钱包，因此无法买吃的，无法联系家人。于是作者打算将那笔钱给了那位女士，并觉得找到了这笔钱的用处。
②由第二段首句内容“我抓着她的手，把那笔钱递给了她。”可知，本段可以写作者将钱递给女士后，女士无比感谢作者。恰好她的座位挨着女儿的座位，她找女儿询问作者的联系方式，想要还钱，女儿拒绝了，并说道她有一天可能也会找到机会使用那笔钱去帮助其他人。
2.续写线索：走过去→得知女士丢了钱包→将那笔钱递给女士→女士询问女儿作者的联系方式→女儿拒绝，并说道她有一天可能也会找到机会使用那笔钱去帮助其他人。
3.词类激活：
行为类：
联系：cntact/get in tuch with
通知：annunce/make an annuncement
意识到：sb. realize/sth. dawn n t sb./sth. ccur t sb
情绪类：
恐慌：panic/scare
高兴：jy/happiness/pleasure
担心：wrry/be wrried/be cncerned
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Withut her purse, she culd nt pay fr a taxi r fd, and had n way t cntact her husband and let him knw what had happened.(运用了what引导宾语从句。)
高分句型2】
Thanking me ver and ver, her sbs turned t tears f jy as we barded ur flight tgether.(运用了现在分词作状语。)