2023-2024学年吉林省四校联考高二上学期10月月考英语试题含答案

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本试卷满分150分，共12页。考试时间为120分钟。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题: 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man d later?
A. G t a party. B. D his wrk. C. Catch a bus.
2. What culd Mr. Hpkins prbably be?
A. A repairman. B. A salesman. C. A pliceman.
3. Hw much will the wman pay fr the glasses?
A. $90. B. $150. C. $240.
4. What des the man want t d?
A. Have a rest. B. Wash the dishes later. C. Talk abut his day.
5. What des the man mean?
A. He missed the speech.
B. He lst his way t the train statin.
C. He culdn’t understand what the lecturer said.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1、5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What has the man been ding recently?
A Making TV shws. B. Acting in a film. C. Training dgs.
7. What des the man think is mainly needed in his jb?
A. Patience. B. Skills. C. Talents.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Hw des the wman feel nw?
A. Excited B. Upset. C. Angry.
9. What did the wman d well?
A. Driving uphill. B. Making tums. C. Parking.
10. Why did the wman hit a car?
A. She failed t use the handbrake.
B. She didn’t see it at all.
C. She drve t fast.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Where are the speakers?
A. At a travel agency. B. At a train statin. C. At schl.
12. What is the mst cnvenient way t travel arund Eurpe?
A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train.
13. Which cuntry are the tw speakers bth ging t visit?
A. Italy. B. Germany. C. France.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. Where was the man brn?
A. In India. B. In Sctland. C. In Austria.
15. What was the purpse f the man’s travel?
A. T lk fr his wife.
B. T find ut what he was interested in.
C T get mre infrmatin abut his mther.
16. What has the man been ding since the 1970s?
A. Making large bjects used utdrs.
B. Prducing unique hme-used bjects.
C. Ding experiments with different kinds f bwls.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. U.S. students and their future jbs.
B. The life f students in the U.S.
C. Higher educatin in the U.S.
18. What jbs d American graduate, students hpe t find?
A. Thse that are interesting and well-paid.
B. Thse that are very challenging.
C. Thse that are quite special.
19. What is the graduate students life like in America?
A. Meaningful. B. Tugh. C. Interesting.
20. What d mst American graduate students think f spending time n their studies?
A. It is unnecessary. B. It is nt rewarding. C. It will pay ff.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Sitting n the edge f the wrld, Sydney is cnsidered as ne f the wrld’s greatest cities fr a reasn. Want t relax yurself in Sydney? This shrtlist f things t d and see in Sydney shuld pint yu in the right directin.
Hit the beaches
Everyne knws abut Bndi Beach and its Icebergs pl, restaurants and the crashing waves are the pstcard image f Sydney. Bndi is a great place t start. But after yu’ve caught sme sun r taken a surf lessn with Let’s G Surfing, we’d suggest taking the Cgee Castal Walk. Beginning at the Bndi Icebergs swim club, the 3.7-mile walk affrds amazing cliffside views f rck pls and bays.
Catch a shw
Sydney is full f events and perfrmances every night f the week. The first place that jumps t mind is the icnic Sydney Opera Huse, designed by Jrn Utzn. A UNESCO Wrld Heritage site, this incredible piece f architecture desn’t just d pera. Yu’ll als find stand-up cmedy. ballets, and mre. But it’s nt the nly place in Sydney putting n a shw. The 1920s State Theatre, in the central business district, is knwn t hst internatinal ballets, cncerts and wrld-class rchestras.
G t the z
Frm the skyline views t the charming grunds, there’s a reasn why Sydney’s Tarnga Z attracts mre than I millin visitrs every year. The expansive space plays hst t mre than 4,000 animals, including tigers, giraffes, kangars, platypus, kalas, Kmd dragns, elephants, lins, chimps and mre. Lve it s much that yu never want t leave? Stay the night in ne f its luxury safari (狩猎) tents.
Climb the bridge
Nicknamed “the cat hanger”, the Sydney Harbur Bridge pened in 1932. Like the Sydney Opera Huses it was an engineering-masterpiece than was way ahead f its time. Sure, yu can walk r cycle acrss the bridge, but the best way t appreciate the architectural wnder is up clse and persnal.
1. What can yu d at Bndi Beach?
A. Enjy an utdr cncert.B. Appreciate incredible architecture.
C. Enjy cliffside views.D. Cycle alng the Cgee Cast.
2. What d yu knw abut Tarnga Z?
A. It surely csts yu much t stay vernight.B. It is lcated nearby Sydney.
C. It prvides hme fr many animals.D. It hasn’t gained in great ppularity.
3. What d Sydney Opera Huse and Harbur Bridge have in cmmn?
A. They bth hld peras.
B. They are engineering classics.
C. They were built in the 19th century.
D. They are n the UNESCO Wrld Heritage list.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在悉尼值得做的几件事情。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hit the beaches中“Beginning at the Bndi Icebergs swim club, the 3.7-mile walk affrds amazing cliffside views f rck pls and bays.”（从邦迪冰山游泳俱乐部开始，步行3.7英里，可以看到岩石池和海湾的惊人悬崖景色。）可知，你可以在邦迪海滩欣赏令人惊叹的悬崖风景。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据G t the z中“The expansive space plays hst t mre than 4,000 animals, including tigers, giraffes, kangars, platypus, kalas, Kmd dragns, elephants, lins, chimps and mre.”（这个广阔的空间容纳了4000多种动物，包括老虎、长颈鹿、袋鼠、鸭嘴兽、考拉、科莫多龙、大象、狮子、黑猩猩等等。）可知，塔龙加动物园为许多动物提供了家园。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Climb the bridge中“Like the Sydney Opera Huses it was an engineering-masterpiece than was way ahead f its time.”（就像悉尼歌剧院一样，它是一个超前于时代的工程杰作。）由此可知，Sydney Harbur Bridge (悉尼海港大桥)是媲美悉尼歌剧院的超时代的工程，都是工程史上的杰作。故选B项。
B
It was the day befre Thanksgiving and Kaleb Benham was wandering arund utside his hme in Nring Califrnia. His 90-pund pit bull, Buddy, was playing arund nearby, ding what dgs d: getting int truble. And this time, Buddy was getting int a whle lt f truble.
The unmistakable sund that n ne wants t hear alne in the wds caught Benham’s attentin. It was the deep strange rar f a black bear. Benham wheeled arund t see the beast, which Benham figured weighed arund 350 punds, sme 100 feet away. In an instant, the bear fastened n t Buddy’s head and started dragging him away.
Benham, a thin, fit 24-year-ld, tk ff after them. “Hnestly,” he tld CBS13, “the nly thing I culd think f was ‘save my baby’.” Sprinting, he lwered his shulder and plwed int the bear. But it nly tightened its grip n Buddy. Benham grabbed the bear by the thrat. Nthing. He tried getting its muth pen, but the jaw was lcked tight. Benham resrted t street fighting—punching the bear ver and ver arund its snut and eye. It wrked. The bear drpped the dg and ran ff int the wds.
Buddy was in bad shape. His face was bldied and ripped up. His ears were dangling. He had a bite mark clear thrugh his lip and ne that barely missed an eye.
“My first thught was that I was ging t lse him,” Benham said. He scped up Buddy, put him int his car, and sped ff t a nearby veterinarian. Buddy’s surgery tk nearly fur hurs. Benham watched the prcedure thrugh a windw. “I just std there,” he said, watching as Buddy’s ears were stapled back n and skin flaps were stitched, and tubes were inserted int his head t drain fluid.
This was the secnd time Benham had rescued Buddy, says CBS13. The first was frm a shelter a few years ag. “If it was yur kid, what wuld yu d?” he asked. Ndding tward Buddy, he added, “That’s my kid.”
4. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A demanding surgery.B. A regular rutine.
C. A fearless pet dg.D. A daring rescue.
5. Why did the authr mentin the weight f the bear in paragraph 2?
A. T shw the difficulty f the rescue.
B. T indicate the besity f the bear.
C. T prve the excitement f Benham.
D. T describe the fear in Buddy’s heart.
6. Hw was the dg finally saved frm the bear?
A. Benham bumped int the beast with drpped shulder.
B. Benham frced pen the beast’s muth with lcked jaw.
C. Benham crushed the beast’s muth and nse repeatedly.
D. Benham finally cnquered the beast by grabbing its thrat.
7. Which wrd can best describe the relatinship between Benham and Buddy?
A. Cmplicated.B. Clse.
C. Rmantic.D. Healthy.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者勇斗熊营救自己的宠物狗的故事。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“ In an instant, the bear fastened n t Buddy’s head and started dragging him away.(瞬间，熊抓住巴迪的头，开始把他拖走)”可知，巴迪在树林里被熊袭击了，以及第三段“Benham, a thin, fit 24-year-ld, tk ff after them. “Hnestly,” he tld CBS13, “the nly thing I culd think f was ‘save my baby’.” Sprinting, he lwered his shulder and plwed int the bear. But it nly tightened its grip n Buddy. Benham grabbed the bear by the thrat. Nthing. He tried getting its muth pen, but the jaw was lcked tight. Benham resrted t street fighting—punching the bear ver and ver arund its snut and eye. It wrked. The bear drpped the dg and ran ff int the wds.（24岁的贝纳姆身材苗条，跟着他们跑。“老实说，”他告诉CBS13频道，“我唯一能想到的就是‘救我的孩子’。”他疾跑着，低下肩膀，狠狠地撞了那只熊。但它只会把巴迪抓得更紧。贝纳姆抓住熊的喉咙。什么都没有。他试着打开它的嘴，但它的下巴被紧紧地锁住了。贝纳姆采取了街头格斗的方式——在熊的鼻子和眼睛周围不停地拳打脚踢。它起作用了。熊扔下狗跑进了树林。）”可知，本文主要讲述的是一场大胆的营救。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Benham wheeled arund t see the beast, which Benham figured weighed arund 350 punds, sme 100 feet away. (贝纳姆转过身去看这只野兽，他估计它重约350磅，距离大约100英尺。)”可知，作者在第二段提到了熊的重量，以表明营救的困难。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Benham resrted t street fighting—punching the bear ver and ver arund its snut and eye. It wrked. The bear drpped the dg and ran ff int the wds.(贝纳姆采取了街头格斗的方式——在熊的鼻子和眼睛周围不停地拳打脚踢。它奏效了。熊扔下狗跑进了树林。)”可知，贝纳姆反复殴打这只野兽的嘴和鼻子，这条狗被救了。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“‘If it was yur kid, what wuld yu d?’ he asked. Ndding tward Buddy, he added, ‘That’s my kid.’.(“如果是你的孩子，你会怎么做?”他问。他朝巴迪点点头，补充说:“那是我的孩子。”)”可知，贝纳姆和巴迪之间的关系密切。故选B。
C
In Sctland, 600, 000 tnnes f fd are thrwn away every year. This amunt f fd, which culd feed abut 1.2 billin pr peple, is almst a third f husehld (家庭的) waste. And fd waste isn’t just a big prblem in Sctland.
Mney, time, and resurces are ften wasted by thrwing away gd fd. It als causes very harmful greenhuse gas, which is perilus t the planet.
In the prductin stage, sme fds d nt enter the fd chain fr many reasns. Supermarkets usually care abut the quality f fd frm farms. They ften refuse strange-lking and unusual y sized prduce. Hwever, they seem t frget that it is a mst impssible t grw the perfect prduce. Fd waste at the cnsumptin stage includes fd ging ut f date and leftvers because f t much fd. In husehlds, even mstly fresh fruit and vegetables are thrwn away.
In rder t reduce fd waste, here is what we can d:
Understand the terms “use by” and “best befre” dates. “Use by” dates are there fr yur safety. It is dangerus t eat fd after the use-by date and ding s risks yur health. “Best befre” dates tell yu hw lng the fd will beat its best quality. Once the fd passes the date, it isn’t necessarily bad, but yu shuld still check, just t be sure.
Every time yu g shp pig and bring back new fd, put them at the back f yur fridge and bring the fd that will expire (到期) sn clser t the frnt. That way, yu knw what needs t be eaten first.
If yu have any fd that will expire sn, give it t charity if yu aren’t ging t cat it. They will really appreciate the fd yu have given.
8. What can we infer frm Paragraph 1?
A. Fd waste is the biggest part f husehld waste.
B. Fd waste is a cmmn prblem.
C. Peple in Sctland waste the mst fd.
D. Husehld waste hasn’t drawn much attentin.
9. What des the underlined wrd “perilus” in Paragraph 2mean?
A. Valuable.B. Unnecessary.C. Different.D. Dangerus.
10. What shuld peple d t reduce fd waste accrding t the text?
A. Pick usually sized prduce.
B. Avid buying t much fd at a time.
C. Order prduce directly frm farmers.
D. Imprve the quality f farm prduce.
11. What advice des the authr ffer t peple?
A. Buy fd that will expire sn t reduce waste.
B. Give fd that has passed its use-by date t charity.
C. Thrw away fd that passes the best-befre date.
D. Place fd carefully accrding t its expiry date.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何减少食物浪费提出了一些建议。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In Sctland, 600, 000 tnnes f fd are thrwn away every year. This amunt f fd, which culd feed abut 1.2 billin pr peple, is almst a third f husehld (家庭的) waste.(在苏格兰，每年有60万吨食物被扔掉。这些食物可以养活大约12亿贫困人口，几乎是家庭垃圾的三分之一。)”可推知，食物浪费是一个普遍的问题。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Mney, time, and resurces are ften wasted by thrwing away gd fd. It als causes very harmful greenhuse gas(金钱、时间和资源常常被浪费在扔掉好的食物上。它还会产生非常有害的温室气体)”可知，这些有害的温室气体对地球应该是危险的，所以可推测画线词是“危险的”意思，和dangerus意思相近。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Fd waste at the cnsumptin stage includes fd ging ut f date and leftvers because f t much fd. In husehlds, even mstly fresh fruit and vegetables are thrwn away.(消费阶段的食物浪费包括食物过期和因食物过多而留下的剩菜。在家庭中，甚至大多数新鲜的水果和蔬菜都被扔掉了。)”可知，为了避免食物浪费，要避免一次买太多的食物。故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Every time yu g shp pig and bring back new fd, put them at the back f yur fridge and bring the fd that will expire (到期) sn clser t the frnt.(每次你去商店买新的食物，把它们放在冰箱的后面，把即将过期的食物放在靠近前面的地方。)”可知，作者建议根据食物的保质期小心放置食物。故选D。
D
New research has fund a direct crrelatin between hw a child visually tracks his mther’s eyes and the cnditin. Hw a tddler respnds t baby talk culd help diagnse autism (自闭症) years befre symptms begin, accrding t the new research.
A study examined respnses t parents’ use f playful, emtinal, exaggerated tnes, knwn as “mtherese” (mther’s ‘baby talk’), t capture a child’s attentin. Eye-tracking tests shwed that children wh did nt respnd had weaker scial and language abilities. Prfessr Karen Pierce, f Califrnia University in San Dieg, c-authr f the research, said, “We knw the earlier we can intrduce treatment, the mre effective it is likely t be. But mst children dn’t get a frmal diagnsis until arund the age f three r fur. There is a real need fr easy and effective tls that can be used n yung children. Eye-tacking is a great place t start.”
In experiments, 653 tddlers aged ne t tw years ld were expsed t tw ne-minute vides featuring a wman speaking mtherese r abstract scenes. Their eyes cntrlled which ne played. Participants withut ASD (autism spectrum disrder) shwed cnsistently high interest in the wman speaking mtherese, spending an average 80 percent f the time watching it. They largely ignred the secnd vide which shwed a busy highway, abstract shapes and numbers and had accmpanying electrnic music.
Hwever, attentin levels f peers diagnsed with ASD spanned the full range f cncentratin levels, with sme fcusing 100 percent n the randm images. A grup wh fixed n mtherese less than 30 percent f the time culd be accurately identified as having ASD thrugh this measurement alne. These children als shwed lwer scres n subsequent tests f language and scial skills.
Whether less attentin t mtherese is the cause f reduced sciability r merely a symptm has yet t be determined. Hwever, researchers fund it appears t be a highly accurate bimarker fr the cnditin. Prf Pierce said, “The fact we can reliably identify children with autism using such a simple and rapid eye-tracking test is really remarkable. In future, we hpe t us each ids attentin t mtherese as a cue fr which treatments they may mst benefit frm and as a tl fr measuring hw well thse treatments wrk.”
12. What is the purpse f the study?
A. T catch a child’s attentin.
B. T check a child’s eyesight.
C. T test a child’s reactin t mtherese.
D. T diagnse autism early.
13. What can we knw accrding t Pierce?
A. Eye-tracking test is a gd way t cur c autism.
B. There is an urgent need fr cmplex tl applied t yung children.
C. It is essential t bring in ASD treatment in early time.
D. Mst children dn’t get an infrmal diagnsis befre the age f three r fur.
14. Hw did participants withut ASD respnded t the vides in experiments?
A. They shwed ccasinally high interest in the wman speaking mtherese.
B. They fixed 80 percent n the randm images.
C. They fcused n mtherese mre than 30%percent f time.
D. They mainly verlked the secnd ne.
15. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. The cnnectin between a child’s reactin t mtherese and autism.
B. Hw t imprve tddlers’ language and scial skills.
C. The prcess f eye-tracking test.
D. Hw t heal autism.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了孩子对母亲的反应和自闭症之间的联系以及如何更早诊断自闭症。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“Hw a tddler respnds t baby talk culd help diagnse autism (自闭症) years befre symptms begin, accrding t the new research.(根据这项新的研究，一个蹒跚学步的孩子对婴儿说话的反应可以帮助在症状出现前几年诊断出自闭症)”可推知，这项研究的目的是早点诊断自闭症。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“We knw the earlier we can intrduce treatment, the mre effective it is likely t be. But mst children dn’t get a frmal diagnsis until arund the age f three r fur. There is a real need fr easy and effective tls that can be used n yung children. Eye-tacking is a great place t start.(我们知道，越早开始治疗，效果可能就越好。但大多数孩子直到三、四岁左右才得到正式诊断。真正需要的是可以用于幼儿的简单有效的工具。目光转移是一个很好的开始)”可知，Pierce认为，尽早进行ASD治疗是至关重要的。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“Participants withut ASD (autism spectrum disrder) shwed cnsistently high interest in the wman speaking mtherese, spending an average 80 percent f the time watching it. They largely ignred the secnd vide which shwed a busy highway, abstract shapes and numbers and had accmpanying electrnic music.(没有ASD的参与者对讲母亲语的女性始终表现出高度的兴趣，平均花费80%的时间观看。他们基本上忽略了第二个视频，这个视频展示了一条繁忙的高速公路，抽象的形状和数字，并配有电子音乐)”可知，没有ASD的参与者在实验中对视频的反应是会忽视第二个视频。故选D。
15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“New research has fund a direct crrelatin between hw a child visually tracks his mther’s eyes and the cnditin. Hw a tddler respnds t baby talk culd help diagnse autism (自闭症) years befre symptms begin, accrding t the new research.(新的研究发现，孩子在视觉上追踪母亲眼睛的方式与这种情况之间存在直接联系。根据这项新的研究，一个蹒跚学步的孩子对婴儿说话的反应可以帮助在症状出现前几年诊断出自闭症)”可知，本篇文章主要讲述了一项关于孩子对母亲的反应和自闭症之间的联系。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Upside t Being Outside
Research shws that being in nature makes peple feel gd, whether they’re rughing it in the wilderness fr days r just hanging ut at a lcal park fr a while. One study was cnducted in the city f Birmingham, Alabama. Researchers fund that mst participants’ md and well-being imprved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, even thugh the average visit was nly arund half an hur.
____16____ Fr example, scientists in the United Kingdm studied the impact f the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged peple t interact with nature fr 30 days by enjying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flwers. Participants were measurably happier and healthier thrughut the challenge…and fr mnths afterwards, t.____17____
Hw des nature bst peple’s happiness? Scientists say that spending time in natural settings reduces stress and anxiety, which benefits mental and physical health. Research shws ur brains are mre relaxed in natural settings.
T mst peple, it’s nt news that nature can be calming. But multiple studies have fund that spending time in nature als has sme mre surprising benefits, like imprving creativity and prblem-slving. _____18_____ Anther fund that expsure t nature helped peple scre better n tests. That’s mre prf that ging utside is a smart mve!
What accunts fr the cnnectin with cgnitin and creativity? It culd be that a gd dse f nature acts as a cure t infrmatin verlad. Everyday life invlves a lt f multitasking. Sme scientists therize that spending time in nature enables ur brains t rest and recver frm mental tiredness. ____19____
Naturally, scientific studies dn’t cver everything that’s great abut the great utdrs. _____20_____ Frm recreatin and exercise t happiness and creativity, there are lts f upsides t getting utside.
A. One study revealed that peple were better at figuring ut puzzles after a fur-day camping trip.
B. Accrding t many scientific studies, there’s a gd chance it’ll make yu happier, healthier, and mre creative.
C. What’s mre, the lift peple get frm nature is lng lasting.
D. Lts f peple enjy fun activities utside, like swimming, riding bikes, r climbing trees.
E. When the nly light yu’ve seen all day is the glw f a screen, it might be a gd idea t switch it ff.
F. This means that whether yu’re studying r playing vide games, heading utside t give yur brain a break might help yu get t the next level.
G. S, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating yur mind t a restful mini vacatin.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是户外活动的好处。
【16题详解】
根据空后的Fr example可知，空后内容是对该空的举例说明，所以该空为本段的主题句，根据空处所在段落的尾句“Participants were measurably happier and healthier thrughut the challenge…and fr mnths afterwards, t. (在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来的快乐会持续很久，C选项“What’s mre, the lift peple get frm nature is lng lasting. (更重要的是，人们从大自然中获得的提升是持久的。)”表述的内容与举例说明中的内容一致，符合语境。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据空前“Fr example, scientists in the United Kingdm studied the impact f the “30 Days Wild” campaign. It challenged peple t interact with nature fr 30 days by enjying earthy activities like feeding birds and planting flwers.Participants were measurably happier and healthier thrughut the challenge…and fr mnths afterwards, t. (例如，英国科学家研究了“野外30天”运动的影响。它要求人们在30天内与大自然互动，享受像喂鸟和种花这样的朴实活动。参与者在整个挑战过程中以及之后的几个月里都明显更快乐、更健康。在整个挑战过程中，参与者都更快乐、更健康……之后的几个月也是如此。)”可知，该段讲述的是在户外活动给参与者带来快乐，G选项“S, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating yur mind t a restful mini vacatin. (所以，在公园里放松一下有点像给你的大脑放个小长假。)”，是对前面的总结，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据空前“But multiple studies have fund that spending time in nature als has sme mre surprising benefits, like imprving creativity and prblem-slving.(但多项研究发现，花时间在大自然中也有一些更令人惊讶的好处，比如提高创造力和解决问题的能力。)”中的multiple studies以及空后句子“Anther fund that expsure t nature helped peple scre better n tests.(另一项研究发现，接触大自然有助于人们在考试中取得更好的成绩。)”中的anther可知，该空格应该是关于在户外好处的相关研究，A选项“One study revealed that peple were better at figuring ut puzzles after a fur-day camping trip.(一项研究表明，人们在为期四天的露营旅行后更善于找出谜题。)”讲述的为一项关于户外好处的研究，符合语境。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据空格处于尾句可知，该空应为本段的总结，根据空前“Sme scientists therize that spending time in nature enables ur brains t rest and recver frm mental tiredness. (一些科学家认为，花时间在大自然中可以让我们的大脑休息并从精神疲劳中恢复过来。)”可知，户外会让大脑得到休息，从精神疲劳中恢复过来，F选项“This means that whether yu’re studying r playing vide games, heading utside t give yur brain a break might help yu get t the next level. (这意味着无论你是在学习还是玩电子游戏，到外面去让你的大脑休息一下可能会帮助你达到一个新的水平。)”中的this means是对空前内容的解释，结合句意可知，F选项内容与空前内容吻合。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据空后“Frm recreatin and exercise t happiness and creativity, there are lts f upsides t getting utside. (从娱乐和锻炼到快乐和创造力，户外活动有很多好处。)”的recreatin(娱乐)相关的户外活动为全文首次出现可以推断，此空处应提到相关内容，D选项“Lts f peple enjy fun activities utside, like swimming, riding bikes, r climbing trees. (很多人在外面享受有趣的活动，如游泳、骑自行车或爬树。)”中的fun activities以及其后的举例内容与空后内容一致。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15个小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I manage a financial department. I recently prmised my team that if they exceeded (超过) their gal, the cmpany wuld___21___them t a very gd Italian restaurant that we all lve. They exceeded the gal by a lt, s I made a___22___fr the sixteen f us.
The day f ur uting, we were seated. Right away and in a while the waitress tk ur___23___ . Then, the waitress tld us that she was srry, because the persn wh was suppsed t be helping her didn’t____24____. S she had t___25___ur party, and ther custmers n her wn.
She lked visibly___26___when I tld her that I wuld pay fr everything n ne check instead f separate checks. Our rdering was a little chatic (混乱的). We were busy having fun and cnversatin, s nne f us___27___that. The fd was delicius and we enjyed it very much. It came time fr the___28___and, as was explained t me when I made the reservatin, the restaurant___29___an 18% tip t the bill. The bill came t abut US $ 650 befre the tip and I gave her my credit card.
She returned with my receipt and thanked us and ___30___that their service was a little slw. We tld her everything was perfect and thanked her fr wrking s hard. She had been s nice t us and___31___that I left an additinal US $ 50 cash tip in the receipt flder.
All f a sudden, the waitress came ut f the restaurant and grabbed my arm, I was thinking if I frgt t sign the___32___r smething when I nticed she had___33___in her eyes. She thanked me fr the tip and said she really hadn’t___34___it. She had had a___35___time lately and the tip really warmed her heart.
21. A. deliverB. sendC. treatD. lead
22. A. prmiseB. differenceC. reservatinD. remark
23. A. menuB. invitatinC. shelfD. rder
24. A. set ffB. shw upC. calm dwnD. ring back
25. A. bserveB. handleC. attendD. pstpne
26. A. relievedB. shckedC. frightenedD. embarrassed
27. A. nticedB. heardC. missedD. minded
28. A. wealthB. paymentC. welfareD. wage
29. A. addedB. passedC. returnedD. reduced
30. A. indicatedB. annuncedC. infrmedD. aplgized
31. A. generus.B. hnestC. patientD. intelligent
32. A. receiptB. substituteC. prcedureD. frm
33. A. smilesB. tearsC. disappintmentD. hpe
34. A. expectB. deserveC. wantD. understand
35. A. preciusB. warmC. wnderfulD. tugh
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“我”和同事去餐馆用餐，服务员因没有其他人帮忙一个人完成了所有的工作，“我”提出一次性付钱并额外给了她小费，这让她很感激。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最近向我的团队承诺，如果他们超过了目标，公司将招待他们去一家我们都喜欢的非常好的意大利餐厅。A. deliver递送；B. send发送；C. treat招待；D. lead带领。根据上文“if they exceeded (超过) their gal”可知，作者作为部门的管理者，在团队的员工超过目标后应该是会招待他们去餐厅吃饭，因此空格处是“招待”。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们远远超过了目标，所以我为我们16个人预订了座位。A. prmise承诺；B. difference不同；C. reservatin预订；D. remark言论。根据下文“fr the sixteen f us”可知，作者是预定了餐厅的座位。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：立刻，不一会儿女服务员就把我们点的菜拿来了。A. menu菜单；B. invitatin邀请；C. shelf架子；D. rder点的餐。根据上文“the waitress tk ur”可知，女服务员就把作者他们点的菜拿来了，空格处意为“点的餐”。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，服务员告诉我们，她很抱歉，因为应该帮助她的人没有出现。A. set ff出发；B. shw up出现； C. calm dwn平静下来；D. ring back回电话。根据下文“n her wn”可知，那位服务员一个人干活，所以本应该帮她的人没有出现。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她必须独自处理我们的派对和其他顾客。A. bserve观察；B. handle处理；C. attend参加；D. pstpne推迟。根据下文“ur party, and ther custmers”可知，那是女服务员，所以是处理作者的派对和其他顾客的需要。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉她我会用一张支票支付所有的费用，而不是分开支付时，她显然松了一口气。A. relieved如释重负的；B. shcked震惊的；C. frightened害怕的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“when I tld her that I wuld pay fr everything n ne check instead f separate checks”可知，作者提出一张支票支付所有的费用，而不是分开支付，这减少了服务员的工作，服务员应该觉得松了一口气的，也就是如释重负。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都在忙着找乐子和聊天，所以没人介意。A. nticed注意到；B. heard听见；C. missed错过；D. minded介意。根据上文“We were busy having fun and cnversatin”可知，作者他们在开心地聊天，所以没人介意点的菜有点乱。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：结账的时候到了，正如我预订时他们向我解释的那样，餐厅在账单上加了18%的小费。A. wealth财富；B. payment付款；C. welfare福利；D. wage薪水。根据下文“The bill came t abut US $ 650”可知，结账的时候到了，空格处意为“付款”。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：结账的时候到了，正如我预订时他们向我解释的那样，餐厅在账单上加了18%的小费。A. added增加；B. passed经过；C. returned回来；D. reduced减少。根据下文“an 18% tip t the bill”及常识可知，收费时在账单上要加18%的小费。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拿着我的收据回来了，感谢我们，并为他们的服务有点慢而道歉。A. indicated暗示；B. annunced宣布；C. infrmed告知；D. aplgized道歉。根据下文“their service was a little slw”可知，她说自己的服务有点慢，这是在道歉。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对我们很好，很有耐心，所以我在收据夹里多留了50美元的现金小费。A. generus慷慨的；B. hnest诚实的；C. patient有耐心的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据上文“She had been s nice t us and”可知，她对作者他们很好，很有耐心。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，女服务员从餐厅里走出来，抓住我的胳膊，我还在想我是不是忘了在收据上签名什么的，这时我注意到她眼里含着泪水。A. receipt收据；B. substitute替代品；C. prcedure程序；D. frm形式。根据上文“I gave her my credit card”可知，作者用信用卡付款的，所以看到服务员又出来了，作者以为自己忘了在收据上签名或者是其他事情。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，女服务员从餐厅里走出来，抓住我的胳膊，我还在想我是不是忘了在收据上签名什么的，这时我注意到她眼里含着泪水。A. smiles微笑；B. tears泪水；C. disappintment失望；D. hpe希望。根据下文“the tip really warmed her heart”可知，服务员内心觉得温暖，所以应该是被作者善良的举动所感动，常见的反应是流泪。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她感谢我的小费，并说她真的没有想到。A. expect预料；B. deserve值得；C. want想要；D. understand明白。根据上文“I left an additinal US $ 50 cash tip”和第9空后的“18% tip t the bill. The bill came t abut US $ 650”可知，作者给的小费超过了应该给的，所以这是服务员没有料到的，空格处意为“预料”。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她最近过得很艰难，小费真的温暖了她的心。A. precius宝贵的；B. warm温暖的；C. wnderful美妙的；D. tugh艰难的。根据下文“the tip really warmed her heart”可知，小费温暖了她的心，说明她最近过得很艰难。故选D。
第II卷(非选择题共55分)
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第二节 (10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since 2015, Prfessr Hu Xialei ____36____ (lead) a micrgarden prject t build tiny gardens in hutngs.
The prject ____37____ (launch) as Beijing’s urban renewal entered a stage ____38____ massive demlitin (拆除) and recnstructin gave way t small-scale “regeneratin” prjects.
“We hpe t upgrade the public spaces f Beijing’s ld city, increase residents’ participatin in cmmunity gvernance ____39____ cntribute t the imprvement f the city’s envirnment and culture,” Hu said. Alng ne sectin f Chngyng Street, a ____40____ (histric) significant street in central Beijing, Hu and her team have built 35 micrgardens cnsisting f mre than 6,000 plants.
In additin t plants, the gardens als have art installatins ____41____ (feature) elements f Beijing’s lcal culture such as kites and tanghulu, ____42____ traditinal candied fruit snack.
Hu’s team has set up gardening rganizatins in sme residential cmmunities t teach lcal residents hw ____43____ (garden). Hu said the prject is an innvative way t revive the ld hutngs with creative hrticulture (园艺) and will cntribute t the verall prtectin f Beijing’s ld city, which has ne f the ____44____ (wrld) mst remarkable cllectins f palaces, temples, squares, markets, streets, city walls and twers, built ver the curse f China’s last three imperial dynasties. This prject reflects the increasing imprtance _____45_____ (attach) t cultural heritage prtectin in recent years.
【答案】36. has led##has been leading
37. was launched
38. where 39. and
40. histrically
41. featuring
42. a 43. t garden
44. wrld’s
45. attached
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公侯晓蕾在京城胡同塑造“微花园”的故事。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：从2015年开始，侯晓蕾教授领导了一个微花园项目，在胡同里建造小花园。根据该句时间状语Since 2015可知，应使用完成时态，结合句意可知，可为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，主语Prfessr Hu Xialei为第三人称单数名词，所以为动词三单形式。故填has led/has been leading。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：该项目启动之际，北京的城市更新进入了一个阶段，大规模的拆除和重建被小规模的“再生”项目所取代。根据as引导从句后的动词为过去时态，可知此句主句谓语launch需要使用过去时，根据语意可知应为项目被启动，故使用被动语态，主句主语The prject单数，主句谓语单数形式。故填was launched。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该项目启动之际，北京的城市更新进入了一个阶段，大规模的拆除和重建被小规模的“再生”项目所取代。分析句子可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词stage，关系词在从句中作地点状语成分，为关系副词where。故填where。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：“我们希望升级北京老城的公共空间，增加居民对社区治理的参与，并为改善城市环境和文化做出贡献，”侯晓蕾说。分析句子可知，空前后是并列关系，用表并列的并列连词and。故填and。
40题详解】
考查副词。句意：在北京市中心具有重要历史意义的崇永街的一段街道上，侯晓蕾和她的团队建造了35个微型花园，种植了6000多株植物。由副词作状语修饰形容词可知，此句中的副词histrically修饰形容词significant。故填histrically。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：除了植物，花园中还有一些艺术装置，具有北京当地文化的元素，如风筝和传统的蜜饯水果小吃糖葫芦。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词短语art installatins，逻辑主语art installatins和非谓语动词feature为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填featuring。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：除了植物，花园中还有一些艺术装置，具有北京当地文化的元素，如风筝和传统的蜜饯水果小吃糖葫芦。根据句意可知，此处为表示“糖葫芦是一种小吃”，泛指，traditinal以辅音音素开头，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：侯晓蕾的团队在一些居民社区建立了园艺组织，教当地居民如何园艺。garden此处为动词，“疑问词+不定式形式”作宾语。故填t garden。
【44题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：侯晓蕾说，这个项目是用创意园艺复兴老胡同的创新方式，将有助于北京老城的整体保护，北京老城拥有世界上最杰出的宫殿、寺庙、广场、市场、街道、城墙和塔楼，建于中国最后三个帝国王朝的过程中。由空后mst remarkable cllectins为名词短语可知，此处为名词所有格形式，此处意为“世界上的”。故填wrld’s。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个项目反映了近年来人们对文化遗产保护的日益重视。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词imprtance，逻辑主语imprtance和非谓语动词attach为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填attached。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节: 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。下周将有一个英国的学生代表团来你校进行为期两天的交流访问，你将作为学生代表致词。请你用英文写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.简要介绍主要活动安排；
3.表达美好祝愿。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear friends,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear friends,
Welcme t ur schl. I am Li Hua, Chairman f the Student Unin. On behalf f my schl, I will intrduce the main arrangements fr the fllwing tw days.
As scheduled, n the first day, we wuld like t invite yu t take a tur f ur campus, thrugh which yu will get a general idea f ur schl. In the afternn, yu can take part in varius activities such as paper cutting and calligraphy t experience traditinal Chinese culture in persn. On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
Hpe yu enjy yur stay here! Thank yu!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生写一篇发言稿，向来校交流的英国的学生代表团表示欢迎，并介绍活动安排。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
代表：On behalf f→ represent
参加：take part in→ jin in/get invlved in
各种各样的：varius→ a variety f/varieties f
惊讶的：amazed→ surprised/astnished
2.句式拓展：
同义句转换
原句：On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
拓展句：Then fllwed the trip t the Frbidden City n the secnd day, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
As scheduled, n the first day, we wuld like t invite yu t take a tur f ur campus, thrugh which yu will get a general idea f ur schl.（运用了介词+which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】
On the secnd day, we will take yu t the Frbidden City, a must-see attractin in Beijing, where yu will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.（运用了名词作同位语和where引导非限制性定语从句。）
第二节: 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
During the summer befre Patty entered fifth grade, she decided t try a new sprt. Swim training was nearly ver and Patty was the fastest swimmer in her age grup. She had always been the best. The neighbrhd was ffering a ne-week tennis training curse. Patty and her friend Darla gt permissin frm their parents t jin.
On Saturday mrning, Darla’s mm tk the girls t a stre and bught them each a gd, used tennis racket. “If yu girls stick t tennis, then we’ll talk abut a new racket. These will d fr nw.” The girls were excited abut their new purchases. On Mnday mrning, at 7:00 a.m., Patty’s mm wke her up. “It’s time fr tennis!” Patty cvered her face. “Mm, it’s t early!” She made great effrt t get ut f bed and dwn t the breakfast table. Patty finished breakfast and ran t Darla’s huse, then they walked t the curt.
Mrs. Cane, the tennis cach, lined everyne up and started with the basics. After that, Mrs. Cane tirelessly taught them t practice their frehand and backhand. By the end f the week, Patty had made impressive prgress. Mrs. Cane cmmented that Patty had lts f ptential. Darla, n the ther hand, was struggling. The ther teenagers were having a tugh time f it, t. Patty was the nly ne wh seemed t get smewhere.
Since then, Darla had always been ut in the August heat, practicing her serves r hitting the ball. Patty wasn’t really interested. She felt she was such a “natural” fr tennis that she really didn’t need t practice. By the end f the summer, Darla began t get the hang f it. She jined a neighbrhd junir tennis team. There wuld be matches every Thursday. Patty wanted t jin as well, but she didn’t want t miss her favrite TV shw. She tld herself that she wuld jin it when she gt sme free time. If Darla had fun, she wuld jin the team in the spring.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The week befre schl started, Mrs. Cane held anther training curse.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Patty culdn’t stp thinking f her pr perfrmance n the way hme.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】【参考范文】
The week befre schl started, Mrs. Cane held anther training curse. Darla and Patty signed up immediately. In a class, Mrs. Cane asked the teenagers t play in turn. Darla came first, impressing thers with her excellent perfrmance. Mrs. Cane was pleased with Darla’s prgress. “Well, I can tell wh’s been practicing!” she smiled. Sn it was Patty’s turn. Everyne lked at the “talent” expectantly. Yet, Patty had nt practiced and was far behind the rest, which was a shck fr all. Patty was upset and absent until the class was ver.
Patty culdn’t stp thinking f her pr perfrmance n the way hme. She realized she needed change if she still wanted t cntinue with tennis. The next day, Patty came t Darla’s team when they practiced t ask whether she culd jin. Warmly welcmed, she became a member f the team that day. Weak thugh she was, Patty enjyed herself and wrked hard at practice. She finally fund that “natural talent” gt her nwhere withut diligence and she was able t jin in the fun. That was ne f the best lessns f her life.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在暑假期间，Patty和她的朋友Darla一起加入了Mrs. Cane的网球培训课。Mrs. Cane不知疲倦地教他们练习正手和反手，起初，Patty进步很快，被教练称赞具有天赋，Darla和课上其他同学却学得艰难，所以Darla一直勤加练习，练习发球或击球，Patty并不是很感兴趣，她觉得自己打网球是天生的，根本不需要练习。夏末的时候，Darla开始掌握了窍门，她加入了附近的青少年网球队，Patty也想加入，但是又想看电视。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“开学前一周，Mrs. Cane又举办了一次培训课程。”可知，第一段可描写Patty和Darla在培训课程上的表现。
②由第二段首句内容“在回家的路上，帕蒂一直在想她糟糕的表现。”可知，第二段可描写Patty加入了Darla的队伍，并且醒悟了，知道了勤奋练习的重要性。
2.续写线索：Darla得第一名——Mrs.Cane高兴——Patty表现不好——Patty反省——Patty加入Darla的队伍——Patty努力练习——Patty感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①得第一：cme first/take the first place
②远远落后：be far behind/fall further behind
③意识到：realize/be aware
情绪类
①高兴的：pleased/delighted
②沮丧的：upset/dispirited
【点睛】[高分句型1] Yet, Patty had nt practiced and was far behind the rest, which was a shck fr all. (由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] She realized she needed change if she still wanted t cntinue with tennis. (由if引导的条件状语从句和that引导的宾语从句，省略了连接词that)
听力答案：1-20BABACCABCAACCCBBCABC