中考英语专项复习第16讲宾语从句课件

这是一份中考英语专项复习第16讲宾语从句课件，共26页。PPT课件主要包含了 动词后的宾语从句，文本信息， 3宾语从句的语序，二 实 战 演 练等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.理解宾语从句的定义； 2.掌握宾语从句的时态、语序及引导词的选择。
学习目标
一 宾 语 从 句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句 。宾语从句可分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
①大多数动词可以带宾语从句I hpe yu can jin us in the game,He tld me that he wuld cme t the party②有些动词+副词结构如figure ut，wrk ut，find ut，pint ut等后可加宾语从句Please find ut when the ship leaves fr New YrkScientists pint ut that the glbe is getting warmer and warmer.③动词短语也可带宾语从句Mare sure that there are n mistakes in yur papers.We shuld keep in mind that sprts can help us develp urbdies.
【注意】①动词find，feel，think，cnsdier，make，belieave，guess，suppse等后面有宾语补足语时，需要用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。即find，feel，think，cnsdier，make，belieave，guess，suppse+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句. I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.I think it imprtant that we shuld learn Enlish well.②动词hate，like，take，have，we，take fr granted等表示喜欢，痛恨，认为的词或短语和see t（注意，留意）后面不能直接加宾语从句，需要先用it 作形式宾语，然后再加宾语从句
I hate it when they say with their muths full f fd.He will have it that ur plan is really practical. 他会认为我们的计划确实可行。③若宾语从句是wh-类，则不可用it代替。I cnsider what yu said t be unbelievable. 我认为你所说的是不可信的
(2)介词后的宾语从句
介词后的宾语从句一般常用wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句She is always thinking f hw she can d mre fr thers用that引导的从句作介词宾语时，一般先用形式宾语it代替，然后加that从句Yu may depend n it that I shall always help yu. 你相信我，我会帮你的.
③形容词后的宾语从句sure，certain，glad，pleased，happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied，srry等表语情感，态度的形容词后也可带宾语从句I am sure that they will make it.I am sryy that I have trubled yu s muchWe are pleased that we have vercme the difficulty.
1. 宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词有三种类型：第一种是that引导的宾语从句第二种是if/whether引导的宾语从句第三种是wh-类引导的宾语从句疑问代词，如what，which，wh，whm，whever，whichever等疑问副词，如when，where，why，hw，hwever，whenever，wherever等
中考英语主要考查的关于宾语从句的知识点有三个：引导词、时态和语序。
(1）that 引导的宾语从句that引导宾语从句时,宾语从句具有陈述意义时，或是宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，用于陈述一件事，that无实际意义，在从句中不作任何句子成分，在口语或非正式文体中一般可省略。He said (that)he culd finish his wrk befre lunch.The radi says (that) it will rain tmrrw.I think (that) yu shuld turn t teacher fr help.
(2)if或whether引导的宾语从句 宾语从句具有一般疑问句的含义时，或是宾语从句是一般疑问句转化而来的，引导词用if 或whether。if 或whether在从句中不作任何成分，但有具体的意义，意为“是否”。if 或whether不可以省略。I dn’t knw whether /if he still lives here after s many years.I wnder whether/if they will cme t ur party
【注意】一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但下列四种情况只能用whether：
①在具有选择意义，又有r或r nt时，尤其是直接与r nt连用时，往往用whether，而不用if。
I am nt sure whether/if he will cme r nt.I want t knw whether/if it’s gd news r nt. I can’t say whether r nt they can cme n time.
②从句在介词后面，只能用whether，不能用ifI’m thinking f whether we shuld help her.It depends n whether it is ging t rain.
③在不定式前面时，只能用whether，不能用ifThey asked me whether t watch TV tgether.He can’t decide whether t stay.
④为了强调，从句放于句首时，只能用whether，不能用ifWhether it is true r nt, I can’t tell.Whether we can finish the wrk n time is still a prblem.
(3)wh-类的疑问词引导的宾语从句 宾语从句具有特殊疑问句含义时，或是宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，用连接代词（what, which, wh, whm,whse）或连接副词（when, where, hw, why）引导。z此时引导词有具体的含义，在从句中要作相应的句子成分，不能够省略。D yu knw wh has wn the game？He didn’t tell me when we wuld meet again.Culd yu tell me hw the accident happened？
2. 宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态常常受到主句的影响，因此在使用时要注意主从句两部分的时态保持一致。一般遵循下列原则：
①若主句的谓语动词是现在时（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时）或一般将来时或祈使句时，从句可根据需要选用任何一种时态。（主现或主将从随意）She says （that) she wrks frm Mnday t Friday.(从句时一般现在时）I dn’t knw if Mary will cme tmrrw. (从句tmrrw判断用一般将来时）My cusin hasn’t decided hw he will g t Shanghai this weekend.（主句现在完成时 从句由this weekend确定用一般将来时
I dn’t remember where I put the bk yesterday.（主句一般现在时从句由yesterday确定用一般过去时)
②如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，其从句要用相应的过去时态（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。My friend asked me where I bught the phne.（主句一般过去时 从句一般过去时）He said that he had learned sme English befre.（主句一般过去时 从句过去完成时）She said that he was ging t take care f the baby（主句一般过去时 从句过去将来时）
He said that they were having a meeting at that time.（主句一般过去时 从句过去进行时）
（3)若从句表示客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、现阶段存在的客观事实和规律、现在经常性或习惯性的动作、谚语、格言等，不论主句用何种时态，从句一律用一般现在时。He said that light travles faster than sund（光比声音传播的快）He said that he usually gets up at 7：00 and ges t schl at 7:30Peter said that n news is gd news.
从句一定是陈述语序,即连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分
①将陈述句改为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序He is lking fr the lst dg.His mther said.改为宾语从句：His mther said (that) he was lking fr the lst dg.
②一般疑问句改为宾语从句时，用if/whether作引导词来引导从句，同时调整语序为陈述语序。
D yu like Tm？ I dn't knw. 宾语从句： I dn't knw whether/if yu like Tm.Will he cme t the party tnight . I wnder 宾语从句： I wnder if/whether he will cme t the party tnightCan he play the guitar？ The teacher asked me.宾语从句：The teacher asked me (that）if/whether he culd play the guitar.
③特殊疑问句改为宾语从句,要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词,来引导宾语从句,同时调整语序为陈述语序。
When did Peter leave? I dn’t knw宾语从句:I dn’t knw when Peter leftWhat are they lking fr? I I dn’t knw宾语从句:I dn’t knw what they are lking fr.Where des yur mther wrk? Can yu tell me?宾语从句：Can yu tell me where yur mther wrks？
【注意】当引导词本身在宾语从句中作主语时，其语序保持原来的语序不变。The teacher asked me what was wrng with Tm. （what在从句中作主语）Can yu tell me what is the matter? （what在从句中作主语）I dn’t knw wh is yur English teacher.（wh在从句中作主语）
2 宾语从句的否定转移
若主句主语是第一人称I或we 时，且谓语动词为think, believe, imagine, suppse, cnsider, expect, guess等时，主句时态为一般现在时，满足这三个条件，从句的否定一般转移到主句上。I believe that he is telling a lie.否定句：I dn’t believe that he is telling a lie.我相信他没说谎We think he can arrive here n time.否定句：We dn’t think he can arrive here n time.【注意】如果主语不是第一人称，不用否定前移They think yu aren’t a student
3. 宾语从句的反意疑问句
①宾语从句的主句主语是第一人称且谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppse, cnsider, expect,guess等.（看从句）表示肯定时，疑问句中的助动词和主语要与从句的动词和主语保持一致,疑问句为否定句式。I believe that yu can fly,can’t yu?We think that he has a phne,desn’t he? We think that he has dne his best,hasn’t he?表示否定时，疑问句中的助动词和主语依然要与从句的动词和主语保持一致，疑问句为肯定句式
I dn’t believe that yu can fly，can yu？ We dn’t think that he has a phne,des he?We dn't think that he has dne his best. has he？
②如果主句的主语不是第一人称时，疑问句中的助动词和主语要与宾语从句主句的动词和主语保持一致。（看主句）They think that he can fly, dn’t they?She desn’t think that he has a phne,des she?Yu think she is a gd teacher, dn’t yu? 你认为她是个好老师，不是吗？ We tld him we wuld g there next week ,didn’t we?He said that Lily wuld cme back next Mnday , didn’t he？
4含有 if和when时宾语从句和状语从句的区别 if和when既能引导宾语从句，也能引导状语从句，它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。 if和when引导宾语从句时，意为“是否”和“什么时候”，从句时态应和主句时态相呼应； if 和when引导状语从句时，if引导条件状语从句，if的意思为“如果，假如”，when引导时间状语从句，when的意思“当……时候”。当主句时态是一般将来时时，从句时态用一般现在时。
1.---- I dn’t knw if she will cme t the party tmrrw. 从句是一般将来时。我不知道她是否会来。 2.---- She will cme if it desn’t rain tmrrw. 如果明天不下雨，她会来。（主将从现）3.---- D yu knw when she will cme back tmrrw? 你知她明天什么时候回来吗？4.---- Srry, I dn’t knw. When she cmes back, I’ll tell yu. 对不起，我不知道。当她回来，我将告诉你。（主将从现）
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