2022-2023学年福建省莆田第三中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题含答案

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第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
听下面5段对话，回答第1～5小题。
1. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Husband and wife. C. C-wrkers.
2. Hw des the man feel abut lsing the phne?
A. He is very upset. B. He desn’t really mind. C. He is a bit annyed.
3. Wh had cancer five years ag?
A The man’s father. B. The man’s uncle. C. The wman’s father.
4. What is the man ding?
A. Preparing fr a hliday. B. Ding sme cleaning. C. Tidying up clthes.
5. What des the wman suggest the man d in the end?
A. Study in the language lab.
B. G t France fr vacatin.
C. Find a French teacher.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听：段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What is the man’s ccupatin?
A. A fireman. B. A businessman. C. A pliceman.
7. What des the girl like best?
A. Sweets. B. Biscuits. C. Dresses.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Wh might Harry be?
A. Jhnny’s classmate. B. Jhnny’s father. C. Jhnny’s dctr.
9. What des Harry think f the cakes?
A. They are t sweet.
B. They are ging bad.
C. They might make peple sick.
10. What will the speakers d next?
A. G t the hspital.
B. Try t eat sme cakes.
C. G t Jhnny’s classmate’s hme.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a bank B. In a htel. C. At an airprt.
12. Hw many nights des the man want t stay?
A. One. B. Tw. C. Three.
13. Why des the man want his passprt back?
A. He needs t g t the bank.
B. He needs t bk an airplane ticket.
C. He is afraid that the htel will lse it.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Where did the man and his wife g this year?
A. T Germany. B. T Canada. C. T Russia.
15 Hw des the wman plan her hlidays?
A. By making bkings by herself.
B. By fllwing her friends’ suggestins.
C. By turning t a tur cmpany fr help
16. What happened t the man and his wife n the way back?
A. The fire alarm at the airprt went ff.
B. They spent ne night at the airprt.
C. Their plane was delayed in Berlin.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What des the speaker prbably d?
A. A headmaster. B. A teacher. C. A student.
18. What is a third schl?
A. A primary schl. B. A middle schl. C. A high schl.
19. Hw is this schl different frm the children’s previus schls?
A. It has mre students.
B. The studies will be very difficult.
C. The students will be expected t act like yung adults.
20. What will the teachers d if the students refuse t learn?
A. They will punish the students.
B. They can nly encurage the students.
C. They will help the students with learning.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A篇
Hping t gather arund the TV fr a fun family mvie night? Check ut at all the best family-friendly films free n Amazn Prime Vide belw.
Trp Zer(2019)
Set in 1977 Gergia, Trp Zer fllws a girl hping t ne day make it t uter space. After learning that the winner f a Birdie Scut talent shw will get t be recrded n NASA’s Glden Recrd, she gets tgether a grup f misfits t fight fr the prize. The cmedy-drama film is charming and, thugh simple, the stry is well-acted.
Rang(2011)
It fllws a pet chamelen (变色龙) wh cmes t the sleepy twn f Dirt. Here, he becmes the twn’s newest sheriff. The film scred multiple awards, including Best Animated Feature at the Oscars.
Star Trek Beynd(2016)
This science fictin installment has the crew f the USS Enterprise explring the furthest reaches f unknwn space where they search fr a way t fight against the aliens and get away. The film is well-acted and directed and visually impressive.
Ernest and Celestine(2012)
The cmedy-drama sees a wrld where the mice live undergrund and the bears abve grund. Hwever, instead f eating the muse Celestine, musician bear Ernest teams up with him t cmplete their varying agendas. The mvie gives ff the feelings f an ld-fashined film yu’ll want t enjy.
1. When was Trp Zer released?
A. In 1977.B. In 2012.
C. In 2016.D. In 2019.
2. Which mvie wn an Oscar Award?
A. Trp Zer.B. Rang
C. Star Trek Beynd.D. Ernest and Celestine.
3. Which f the fllwing talks abut animals?
A. Trp Zer and Ernest and Celestine.
B. Rang and Ernest and Celestine.
C. Trp Zer and Star Trek Beynd.
D. Star Trek Beynd and Ernest and Celestine.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四部在亚马逊电影视频上免费地、适合家庭观看的电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Trp Zer(2019)可知，电影Trp Zer是2019年发行的。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rang(2011)部分的介绍中“The film scred multiple awards, including Best Animated Feature at the Oscars.”可知，电影Rang这部电影获得了多项奖项，包括奥斯卡最佳动画长片奖。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rang(2011)部分的介绍中“It fllws a pet chamelen”可知，电影Rang是关于一只宠物变色龙的故事；根据Ernest and Celestine(2012)部分的介绍中“The cmedy-drama sees a wrld where the mice live undergrund and the bears abve grund. Hwever, instead f eating the muse Celestine, musician bear Ernest teams up with him t cmplete their varying agendas.”可知，电影Ernest and Celestine讲述的是一只住在地下的老鼠和一只住在地上的熊的故事。因此电影Rang 和 Ernest and Celestine是关于动物的。故选B。
B篇
Eli Zied was suppsed t fcus n his grades and his future plans fr cllege at the age f 15. But at that time, he started his wn business and created a fashin brand called Habits 365.
Eli's business talents and interests appeared arund age 12 when he started buying and reselling sneakers. It inspired him “t create a brand that everyne culd relate t,” Patch Suthamptn magazine reprted.
It was in August 2017 that he came up with the idea t create his wn brand. “Habits influence yur life, and the better yur habits are, the mre successful yu will be in the lng run,” Eh tld Frbes.
He created designs and lgs fr his brand. Meanwhile, Eli brught his lder brther Spencer Zied int the cmpany as chief perating fficer. Thanks t their early accumulated prfits frm reselling sneakers, the Zieds gained startup capital t invest in initial inventry and packaging. But ne f the difficulties was hw t expand their brand expsure. On the first night f their new business, they texted friends and asked them t fllw the newly created Habits 365 Instagram accunt.
They als reached ut t influential athletes, musicians and agents thrugh Instagram with ffers f free gds in exchange fr a phtgraph r a pst. This strategy wrked ut. Nw, even NBA All-Star Giannis has wrn the clthes f Habits 365.
Fr Eli Zied, the teenage CEO, perhaps the biggest challenge is hw t balance his study and business. “I d hmewrk and study fr exams when I first get hme frm schl and wrk n the business at the end f the day nce my schl is cmpleted,” said Eli. “That is still my main pririty.”
Eli, nw an 18-year-ld freshman at the University f Wiscnsin-Madisn, was surprised by the brands success. Habits 365 will be expected t reach 1 millin in prfit by the end f 2021, he tld Yah Finance. “I believe that ne day Habits 365 will be ne f the biggest streetwear brands in the wrld,” he tld Frbes.
4. What encuraged Eli t develp his wn brand?
A. His schl reprts.B. His early trade experience.
C. His viewpints f habits.D. The success f ther brands.
5. Which f the fllwing can best describe Eli?
A. Generus.B. Helpful.C. Ambitius.D. Tlerant.
6. What is the mst challenging fr Eli at present?
A. Whether t create his wn study zne.B. Hw t succeed in academy and business.
C. Whether t play t his strengths.D. Hw t manage his cmpany.
7. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. Time ManagementB. A Successful Teen CEO
C. A Respectable TeenD. Frtune Accumulatin
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了青少年CEO Eli Zied 15岁就开创了自己公司，创立了一个名为Habits 365的时尚品牌。文章介绍了他开创品牌的过程以及他对自己事业的一些看法。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Eli's business talents and interests appeared arund age 12 when he started buying and reselling sneakers. It inspired him “t create a brand that everyne culd relate t,” Patch Suthamptn magazine reprted.( Eli的商业才能和兴趣出现在12岁左右，那时他开始购买和转售运动鞋。据Patch Suthamptn杂志报道，这激发了他“创造一个每个人都能联想到的品牌”)”可知，Eli早期的贸易经历促使他发展自己的品牌。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Eli's business talents and interests appeared arund age 12 when he started buying and reselling sneakers. It inspired him “t create a brand that everyne culd relate t,” Patch Suthamptn magazine reprted.( Eli的商业才能和兴趣出现在12岁左右，那时他开始购买和转售运动鞋。据Patch Suthamptn杂志报道，这激发了他“创造一个每个人都能联想到的品牌”)”以及最后一段中““I believe that ne day Habits 365 will be ne f the biggest streetwear brands in the wrld,” he tld Frbes.( 他在接受《福布斯》采访时表示：“我相信有一天，Habits 365将成为世界上最大的街头服饰品牌之一。”)”可推知，Eli从自己买卖运动鞋发展了自己的品牌，且相信自己的品牌将成为世界上最大的街头服饰品牌之一，可见他是个有抱负的人。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Fr Eli Zied, the teenage CEO, perhaps the biggest challenge is hw t balance his study and business.( 对于十几岁的CEO Eli Zied来说，最大的挑战或许是如何在学业和业务之间取得平衡)”可知，目前对Eli来说最具挑战性的是如何在学术和商业上取得成功。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Eli Zied was suppsed t fcus n his grades and his future plans fr cllege at the age f 15. But at that time, he started his wn business and created a fashin brand called Habits 365.(Eli Zied本该在15岁的时候专注于自己的成绩和未来的大学计划。但当时，他开创了自己的公司，创立了一个名为Habits 365的时尚品牌)”结合文章主要讲述了青少年CEO Eli Zied 15岁就开创了自己的公司，创立了一个名为Habits 365的时尚品牌。文章介绍了他开创品牌的过程以及他对自己事业的一些看法。可知，B选项“一个成功的青少年CEO”最符合文章标题。故选B。
C篇
Earthquake can disrupt whales’ hunting fr fd fr up t a year, accrding t a new study.
On Nvember 14, 2016, the Kaikura earthquake struck New Zealand’s Suth Island, causing a destructive tsunami. Under the surface, the earthquake caused strng currents that swept away and mstly killed ff diverse ecsystems f creatures living alng the Kaikura underwater canyn.
As a result whales had t dive deeper and lnger t find fd—“a majr shift” in their behavir, says c-authr Liz Slten, a marine bilgist at the University f Otag in New Zealand.
The impact earthquakes have n land animals has been well dcumented, but scientists knw relatively little abut what happens underwater. Such research is imprtant fr gvernment agencies, which may need t take recent earthquakes int cnsideratin when cnsidering fishing qutas（限额）, ntes Rchelle Cnstantine, a marine mammal eclgist at the University f Auckland.
The canyn’s upper reaches are rich in creatures, supplying fd fr the fish that make up the whales’ diet. S when these smaller life frms were washed away, it had “severe cnsequences fr the cmmunity arund there”, says study c-authr Will Rayment. “That effect flwed all the way thrugh the fd chain.”
As part f their nging study, the scientists were tracking 42 individual whales. After the earthquake, in all, the team managed t recrd data n 40 whales, shwing that the abundance f whales in the general area didn’t change after the earthquake. Hwever, the whales changed hw they used their habitat.
A year after the earthquake, the researchers bserved the whales returning t their previus surface-breathing intervals. This culd have been because the cmmunities f animals that make up the whales’ fd began t recver. “It gives yu an idea f hw resilient（有复原力的） these deep-sea cmmunities are,” says Rayment.
But he and his clleagues will cntinue lng-term mnitring t see if there are effects they missed. Whale activity in the area had already been declining, thugh it’s unknwn whether it is due t natural changes in fd abundance, whale-watching turism, fishing, r warming cean temperatures. “There is smething ging n in Kaikura,” says Rayment.
8. What happened after the Kaikura earthquake in the Kaikura canyn?
A. Several destructive tsunamis struck the area.
B. Whales had t swim t ther ceans t find fd.
C. Nearly all marine creatures in Kaikura were killed ff.
D. Strng currents washed away many smaller creatures.
9. Which is ne f the findings f the study?
A. Earthquakes can make it easier fr whales t find fd.
B. The whales changed their habitat after the earthquake.
C. It usually takes whales a year t adapt t their new diet.
D. The number f whales in the area drpped sharply after the quake.
10. What des Rchelle Cnstantine think f the study?
A. It can help gvernment agencies t make sme decisins abut fishing.
B. It can help gvernment agencies t slve prblems in the fishing industry.
C. It is a breakthrugh in research n what happens underwater after an earthquake.
D. It ffers a detailed descriptin f the impact earthquake have n marine mammals.
11. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Smething is affecting the whale activity in Kaikura.
B. Fishing qutas have been increasing in recent years.
C. The team missed sme effects in the research prcess.
D. The scientists will cntinue studying earthquakes.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明地震引起的强海流冲走或者毁灭Kaikura水下峡谷里的浮游生物，迫使生活在该水域的鲸鱼为了觅食不得不改变它们的栖息地。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Under the surface, the earthquake caused strng currents that swept away and mstly killed ff diverse ecsystems f creatures living alng the Kaikura underwater canyn.(在地表下，地震造成了强烈的水流，冲走并摧毁了凯库拉水下峡谷沿线的各种生物生态系统。)”可知，该地震造成的强流冲走了许多小的生物。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Hwever, the whales changed hw they used their habitat.(然而，鲸鱼改变了它们使用栖息地的方式。)”可知，该地震后鲸鱼改变了它们的栖息地。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Such research is imprtant fr gvernment agencies, which may need t take recent earthquakes int cnsideratin when cnsidering fishing qutas（限额）(这样的研究对政府机构来说很重要，政府机构在考虑捕捞配额时可能需要考虑最近的地震)”可知，该研究结果能够有助于政府部门对海上捕鱼作出一些决定。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There is smething ging n in Kaikura(凯库拉发生了一些事)”结合该段前面的说明，可知有潜在的某东西影响着鲸鱼在该水域的活动。故选A。
D篇
Quantum ( 量子 ) cmputers have been n my mind a lt lately. A friend has been sending me articles n hw quantum cmputers might help slve sme f the biggest challenges we face as humans. I’ve als had exchanges with tw quantum-cmputing experts. One is cmputer scientist Chris Jhnsn wh I see as smene wh helps keep the field hnest. The ther is physicist Philip Taylr.
Fr decades, quantum cmputing has been little mre than a labratry curisity. Nw, big tech cmpanies have invested in quantum cmputing, as have many smaller nes. Accrding t Business Weekly, quantum machines culd help us “cure cancer, and even take steps t turn climate change in the ppsite directin.” This is the srt f hype ( 炒作 ) that annys Jhnsn. He wrries that researchers are making prmises they can’t keep. “What’s new,” Jhnsn wrte, “is that millins f dllars are nw ptentially available t quantum cmputing researchers.”
As quantum cmputing attracts mre attentin and funding, researchers may mislead investrs, jurnalists, the public and, wrst f all, themselves abut their wrk’s ptential. If researchers can’t keep their prmises, excitement might give way t dubt, disappintment and anger, Jhnsn warns. Lts f ther technlgies have gne thrugh stages f excitement. But smething abut quantum cmputing makes it especially prne t hype, Jhnsn suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands fr smething cl yu shuldn’t be able t understand.” And that brings me back t Taylr, wh suggested that I read his bk Q fr Quantum.
After I read the bk, Taylr patiently answered my questins abut it. He als answered my questins abut PyQuantum, the firm he c-funded in 2016. Taylr shares Jhnsn’s cncerns abut hype, but he says thse cncerns d nt apply t PyQuantum.
The cmpany, he says, is clser than any ther firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” t building a “useful” quantum cmputer, ne that “slves an impactful prblem that we wuld nt have been able t slve therwise.” He adds, “Peple will naturally discunt my pinins, but I have spent a lt f time quantitatively cmparing what we are ding with thers.”
Culd PyQuantum really be leading all the cmpetitin “by a wide margin”, as Taylr claims? I dn’t knw. I’m certainly nt ging t advise my friend r anyne else t invest in quantum cmputers. But I trust Taylr, just as I trust Jhnsn.
12. Regarding Jhnsn’s cncerns, the authr feels ________.
A. sympatheticB. uncncernedC. dubtfulD. excited
13. What leads t Taylr’s ptimism abut quantum cmputing?
A. His dminance in physics.B. The cmpetitin in the field.
C. His cnfidence in PyQuantum.D. The investment f tech cmpanies.
14. What des the underlined wrd “prne” in Paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. Open.B. Cl.C. Useful.D. Resistant.
15. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Is Jhnsn Mre Cmpetent Than Taylr?
B. Is Quantum Cmputing Redefining Technlgy?
C. Will Quantum Cmputers Ever Cme int Being?
D. Will Quantum Cmputing Ever Live Up t Its Hype?
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？”，计算机科学家克里斯·约翰逊和物理学家菲利普·泰勒分别阐明了自己的观点。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三自然段“As quantum cmputing attracts mre attentin and funding, researchers may mislead investrs, jurnalists, the public and, wrst f all, themselves abut their wrk’s ptential. If researchers can’t keep their prmises, excitement might give way t dubt, disappintment and anger, Jhnsn warns. （随着量子计算吸引了更多的关注和资金，研究人员可能会误导投资者、记者、公众，最糟糕的是，他们自己的工作潜力。约翰逊警告说，如果研究人员不能兑现承诺，兴奋可能会让位于怀疑、失望和愤怒）”根据最后一段“ But I trust Taylr, just as I trust Jhnsn.”（但我相信泰勒，就像我相信约翰逊一样）可知，关于约翰逊的担忧，作者是支持的。A. sympathetic同情的，赞同的；B. uncncerned不关心的；C. dubtful怀疑的；D. excited激动的。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The cmpany, he says, is clser than any ther firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” t building a “useful” quantum cmputer, ne that “slves an impactful prblem that we wuld nt have been able t slve therwise.” He adds, “Peple will naturally discunt my pinins, but I have spent a lt f time quantitatively cmparing what we are ding with thers.”（ 他说，这家公司比其他任何公司都“在很大程度上”接近于制造出“有用的”量子计算机，它“解决了一个有影响力的问题，否则我们无法解决这个问题”。他补充说:“人们自然会不相信我的观点，但我已经花了很多时间来定量地比较我们与他人的做法）”可知，泰勒对量子计算的乐观来源于他对PyQuantum的信心。故选C。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三自然段“But smething abut quantum cmputing makes it especially prne t hype, Jhnsn suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands fr smething cl yu shuldn’t be able t understand.”（ 但约翰逊表明，量子计算的某些方面使得它特别 prne被炒作，可能是因为“量子”代表了一些你不应该理解的酷东西。”）”可知，本句中含有一个原因状语从句，因为““量子”代表了一些你不应该理解的酷东西”，所以它特别容易被炒作。故prne意为“易于……的”。A. Open.开放的；易受损害的；B. Cl. 酷的；C. Useful. 有用的；D. Resistant. 有抵抗力的。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二自然段“Nw, big tech cmpanies have invested in quantum cmputing, as have many smaller nes. Accrding t Business Weekly, quantum machines culd help us “cure cancer, and even take steps t turn climate change in the ppsite directin. This is the srt f hype ( 炒作 ) that annys Jhnsn.”（ 现在，大型科技公司和许多小型公司都在量子计算领域进行了投资。据《商业周刊》报道，量子机器可以帮助我们“治愈癌症，甚至采取措施将气候变化转向相反的方向。这种炒作让约翰逊感到恼火。”）”以及最后一段“Culd PyQuantum really be leading all the cmpetitin “by a wide margin”, as Taylr claims? I dn’t knw. I’m certainly nt ging t advise my friend r anyne else t invest in quantum cmputers.（PyQuantum真的能像泰勒所说的那样“以巨大的优势”领先所有竞争对手吗？我不知道。我当然不会建议我的朋友或其他人投资量子计算机。但我信任泰勒，就像我信任约翰逊一样。）”可知，本文主要论述了“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？”，计算机科学家克里斯·约翰逊和物理学家菲利普·泰勒分别阐明了自己的观点。所以短文的最佳标题为“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？”。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise yu with sme f its imprtant rules. ___16___. Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
Chpstick Rules
The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. ___17___.
Hands r Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring t use their hands. In Chile, yu may never tuch any fd with yur fingers. Peple in Thailand generally use their frks nly t push fd nt their spns.
Making Requests
___19___. In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd.
Sme f these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem randm and strange, but they are imprtant in varius cuntries. ___20___, the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事项。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.(知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方。)”可知，此处是指要学习一些用餐礼节以避免在用餐时犯错误，所以选项D“不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误”切合文意。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据前文“When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu.(当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了。)”可知，此处是讲筷子的摆放方式，所以选项F“不要把它们直立在食物中，也不要在使用时交叉放置”切合文意，选项中的them指的就是本段中的chpsticks。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据前文“In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand.(在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭。)”可知，此处举例说明几个地方的用餐方式，且根据后文“instead preferring t use their hands(相反更喜欢用手)”可知，此处是指不喜欢用餐具用餐，所以选项C“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”切合文意。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Making Requests”(提出要求)可知，此处是讲在用餐时提出要求，根据后文“In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这表明你不喜欢厨师的调味技巧。)”可知，后文中的this是指要求额外的调料，所以选项G“吃饭时要盐和胡椒似乎是一个简单的请求”切合文意。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“the mre cmfrtable yu’ll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices(你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可知，此处句式为“the mre...,the mre...”，且its是指“国家的”，所以此处是指在一个国家待的时间越久，选项B“你在某个国家待的时间越久”切合文意。故选B。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Generus billinaires are nt hard t cme by, but it is definitely a challenge t find a billinaire wh spends all his frtune n charity just t end up brke. This is ____21____ what happened t “frmer” American billinaire Charles Feeney.
Feeney, wh grew up in a pr neighbrhd f New Jersey, is a ____22____ at finding business pprtunities. Since childhd, he wuld take any jb t make a few cents fr his family—jbs like ____23____ umbrellas in summer and selling Christmas cards in winter. In his cllege years at Crnell University, he sld hme-made sandwiches t ther students and is still ____24____ there as the Sandwich Man. Then, in the 1960s, Feeney ____25____ airprt retailer Duty Free Shppers (DFS), which helped him reach his billinaire ____26____ by the 1980s. Hwever, Feeney never felt ____27____ with the lifestyle f the wealthy. He lived mdestly, and ften thught f what t d with all the mney he made.
Influenced by his wn experience, Feeney decided t ____28____ all his mney t thse in need in his lifetime. In 1984, the then 53-year-ld Feeney signed ver everything—his DFS shares and the varius businesses and ____29____ he had acquired wrldwide—t Atlantic Philanthrpies, a charity ____30____ he established. In the fllwing decades, Feeney dnated thrugh the rganizatin mre than $8 billin annymusly, t charities, universities, human rights ____31____, and fundatins wrldwide. Such incredible secret genersity ____32____ him the title “James Bnd f Philanthrpy” frm Frbes magazine.
____33____ the idea f “Giving while Living,” Feeney is a ____34____ mdel fr many famus billinaires tday, including Bill Gates and Warren Buffet. He encurages peple t dnate at least half their frtunes befre death. In September 2020, Feeney’s g-fr-brke missin was ____35____, and he nw lives happily with his wife n a pensin in a mdest apartment in San Francisc.
21. A. exactlyB. trulyC. genuinelyD. abslutely
22. A. targetB. geniusC. managerD. prfessr
23. A. distributingB. crssingC. ptimizingD. prducing
24. A. rtedB. determinedC. adaptedD. remembered
25. A. builtB. wnedC. frmedD. sld
26. A. fameB. statusC. hnrD. career
27. A. at allB. at easeC. in satisfactinD. in cmparisn
28. A. put nB. paid ffC. related tD. gave away
29. A. strengthB. abilitiesC. prpertiesD. achievements
30. A. filmB. agencyC. fundatinD. manufacture
31. A. explratinsB. campaignsC. declaratinsD. investigatins
32. A. wnB. wedC. praisedD. managed
33. A. PrvingB. BenefitingC. MtivatingD. Pineering
34. A. rleB. hintC. icnD. base
35. A. strkeB. satisfiedC. cmpletedD. cmprmised
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了前美国亿万富翁查尔斯·菲尼的发家史以及他最终把所有财富都花在慈善事业上的事情。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是发生在“前”美国亿万富翁查尔斯·菲尼身上的事情。A. exactly恰好地；B. truly真地；C. genuinely真诚地；D. abslutely绝对地。根据上文“Generus billinaires are nt hard t cme by, but it is definitely a challenge t find a billinaire wh spends all his frtune n charity just t end up brke.(慷慨的亿万富翁并不难找，但要找到一个把所有财富都花在慈善事业上，最后却破产的亿万富翁，无疑是一项挑战)”可知，这里指上文提到的事情恰好发生在了“前”美国亿万富翁查尔斯·菲尼身上。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：菲尼在新泽西州的一个贫困社区长大，在寻找商业机会方面是个天才。A. target目标；B. genius天才；C. manager经理；D. prfessr教授。根据后文“Since childhd, he wuld take any jb t make a few cents fr his family — jbs like umbrellas in summer and selling Christmas cards in winter.”可知菲尼在寻找商业机会方面是个天才。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从孩提时代起，为了给家里挣点钱，他什么工作都愿意做——夏天分发雨伞，冬天卖圣诞卡。A. distributing配送；B. crssing穿过；C. ptimizing最佳化；D. prducing产生。根据后文“umbrellas in summer and selling Christmas cards in winter.”可知，此处指夏天配送雨伞，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在康奈尔大学读书期间，他向其他学生出售自制三明治，至今仍被称为“三明治人”。A. rted生根；B. determined决定；C. adapted改编；D. remembered记得。根据still和后文“there as the Sandwich Man”指菲尼在大学仍然被称为“三明治人”，被人铭记。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在20世纪60年代，菲尼成立了机场零售商免税店，这帮助他在20世纪80年代成为亿万富翁。A. built建造；B. wned拥有；C. frmed形成；D. sld卖。根据后文“airprt retailer Duty Free Shppers”指成立机场零售商免税店，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，在20世纪60年代，菲尼成立了机场零售商免税店，这帮助他在20世纪80年代成为亿万富翁。A. fame名誉；B. status地位；C. hnr荣誉；D. career事业。根据上文“which helped him reach his billinaire”可知，机场零售商免税店帮助他在20世纪80年代取得了亿万富翁的地位。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，菲尼从未对富人的生活方式感到自在。A. at all根本；B. at ease安逸；C. in satisfactin满意；D. in cmparisn相比之下。根据后文“He lived mdestly, and ften thught f what t d with all the mney he made.(他生活简朴，经常考虑如何处理他赚到的所有钱)”可知，菲尼从未对富人的生活方式感到自在。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：受自己经历的影响，菲尼决定在有生之年把所有的钱都捐给需要帮助的人。A. put n穿上；B. paid ff付清；C. related t与……有关；D. gave away赠送。根据后文“all his mney t thse in need in his lifetime”指菲尼决定在有生之年把所有的钱都捐给需要帮助的人。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1984年，时年53岁的菲尼将他在DFS的股份、在全球范围内获得的各种企业和财产等全部转让给了他建立的慈善基金会大西洋慈善基金会。A. strength力量；B. abilities能力；C. prperties财产；D. achievements成就。根据上文“everything—his DFS shares and the varius businesses and”以及后文“he had acquired wrldwide—t Atlantic Philanthrpies”可知，菲尼把自己的财产进行了转让，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1984年，时年53岁的菲尼将他在DFS的股份、在全球范围内获得的各种企业和财产等全部转让给了他建立的慈善基金会大西洋慈善基金会。A. firm公司；B. agency代理；C. fundatin基金会；D. manufacture制造业。根据上文“a charity”可知，指慈善基金会大西洋慈善基金会。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几十年里，菲尼通过该组织匿名向世界各地的慈善机构、大学、人权运动和基金会捐赠了80多亿美元。A. explratins探索；B. campaigns活动；C. declaratins声明；D. investigatins调查。根据上文“human rights”指给人权运动捐款。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种令人难以置信的秘密慷慨为他赢得了《福布斯》杂志“慈善界的詹姆斯·邦德”的称号。A. wn赢得；B. wed欠；C. praised赞美；D. managed管理。根据后文“him the title “James Bnd f Philanthrpy” frm Frbes magazine”可知，菲尼的慷慨行为为他赢得了《福布斯》杂志“慈善界的詹姆斯·邦德”的称号。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：菲尼开创了“边生活边给予”的理念，是当今许多著名亿万富翁的榜样，包括比尔·盖茨和沃伦·巴菲特。A. Prving证明；B. Benefiting受益；C. Mtivating激励；D. Pineering做先锋，开创。根据后文“the idea f “Giving while Living,””和“Feeney is a mdel fr many famus billinaires tday”指菲尼开创了“边生活边给予”的理念，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：菲尼开创了“边生活边给予”的理念，是当今许多著名亿万富翁的榜样，包括比尔·盖茨和沃伦·巴菲特。A. rle角色；B. hint暗示；C. icn图标；D. base基础。根据后文“mdel fr many famus billinaires”指是菲尼当今许多著名亿万富翁的榜样，rle mdel“榜样”。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年9月，菲尼孤注一掷的使命完成了，现在他和妻子在旧金山的一套普通公寓里靠养老金幸福地生活。A. strke击球；B. satisfied满足；C. cmpleted完成；D. cmprmised妥协。根据上文“Feeney’s g-fr-brke missin was”和下文“and he nw lives happily with his wife n a pensin (养老金) in a mdest apartment in San Francisc.”指菲尼完成了自己的使命。故选C。
第二节 语法填词(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2014, 40.8 percent f the peple in the village f Bianjiang in Guizhu Prvince ____36____ (be) struggling with pverty. The village, ____37____ (surrund) by deep muntains, was 80 kilmeters frm Yanhe Cunty. It tk villagers fur hurs t make a rund trip t buy ____38____ (day) necessities utside the village, given that n rads were accessible except fr ____39____ narrw pass alng the cliffs edge.
____40____ pverty alleviatin (扶贫) prceeds and the rad system in the village imprves, industries such as fish, chicken farming and grwing mums have been develped. Nw, a family f five can earn an average f 10,000 yuan ($1,435) a year thrugh emplyment and industry bnuses. China ____41____ (rebuild) 108,000 schls since 2013 t imprve cmpulsry educatin in pverty-stricken areas. Over 98 percent f villages have access t ptical fiber cmmunicatins and 4G technlgy.
Thrugh the alleviatin prject, China, hme t nearly ne ____42____ (five) f the wrld’s ppulatin has ____43____ (cmplete) gt rid f extreme pverty, ____44____ (make) an imprtant cntributin _______45_______ the cause f glbal pverty alleviatin.
【答案】36. were
37. surrunded
38. daily 39. a
40. As 41. has rebuilt
42. fifth 43. cmpletely
44. making 45. t
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着扶贫工作的进行和村里道路系统的改善，养鱼、养鸡和种菊花等产业得到了发展。自2013年以来，中国已重建10.8万所学校，以改善贫困地区的义务教育。98%以上的村庄实现了光纤通信和4G技术。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：2014年，贵州省汴江村有40.8%的人生活在贫困中。根据上文“In 2014”以及后文“struggling with pverty”可知表示正在进行应用过去进行时，主语为40.8 percent f the peple，谓语用复数。故填were。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个被深山环绕的村庄，距离延河县80公里。分析句子结构可知surrund与逻辑主语构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填surrunded。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：村民们花了四个小时往返于村外购买生活必需品，因为除了悬崖边上的一条狭窄通道之外没有道路可通。修饰名词necessities应用形容词daily，故填daily。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：村民们花了四个小时往返于村外购买生活必需品，因为除了悬崖边上的一条狭窄通道之外没有道路可通。pass为泛指，且narrw是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
【40题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：随着扶贫工作的进行和村里道路系统的改善，养鱼、养鸡和种菊花等产业得到了发展。引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”应用as，首字母大写。故填As。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：自2013年以来，中国已重建10.8万所学校，以改善贫困地区的义务教育。根据后文since 2013可知应用现在完成时，主语为，助动词用has。故填has rebuilt。
【42题详解】
考查数词。句意：通过扶贫工程，拥有世界近五分之一人口的中国彻底摆脱了极端贫困，为全球减贫事业作出了重要贡献。此处为分数表达，表示“五分之一”为ne fifth。故填fifth。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：通过扶贫工程，拥有世界近五分之一人口的中国彻底摆脱了极端贫困，为全球减贫事业作出了重要贡献。修饰动词短语get rid f应用副词cmpletely，故填cmpletely。
44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过扶贫工程，拥有世界近五分之一人口的中国彻底摆脱了极端贫困，为全球减贫事业作出了重要贡献。分析句子结构可知make与逻辑主语the alleviatin prject构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：通过扶贫工程，拥有世界近五分之一人口的中国彻底摆脱了极端贫困，为全球减贫事业作出了重要贡献。表示“对……做出贡献”短语为make cntributin t。故填t。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，计划本周末为来你校游学的八名英国高中生举行一场主题为“A Date with China”的一日游活动，请给他们的领队Carline写一封邮件告知此事。内容包括：
1.活动具体安排；
2.需要提前做的准备。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Carline,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Carline,
I’m Li Hua, chairman f the schl students’ unin. I am writing t tell yu the ne-day tur named A Date with China.
We will first visit the city museum in the mrning, which huses a cllectin f Chinese paintings. After a shrt lunch break, we will g t the mst-visited garden featuring Chinese architecture. Yu can enjy a Peking Opera shw there.
We are gathering at the schl gate at 8 a.m. n Sunday. Please make sure yu all wear cmfrtable shes as we will d lts f walking.
See yu then.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇作文属于应用文。要求考生给计划本周末为来你校游学的八名英国高中生写一封邮件告知一场主题为“A Date with China”的一日游活动。其内容包括活动具体安排以及需要提前做的准备。
【详解】1.词汇积累
一日游：ne-day tur→ ne-day trip
参观：visit→ pay a visit t
能够： can→be able t
很多：lts f →plenty f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing t tell yu the ne-day tur named A Date with China.
拓展句：I am writing t tell yu the ne-day tur which is named A Date with China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】We will first visit the city museum in the mrning, which huses a cllectin f Chinese paintings.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】After a shrt lunch break, we will g t the mst-visited garden featuring Chinese architecture.（运用了现在分词作定语）