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2023-2024学年北京市第八中学高三上学期期中英语试题含答案
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这是一份2023-2024学年北京市第八中学高三上学期期中英语试题含答案，文件包含北京市第八中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题原卷版docx、北京市第八中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共40页， 欢迎下载使用。
(考试时间90分钟，满分100分)
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Making My Own Bicycle
It was a Saturday mrning. James and I were at the Bamb Bicycle Club, ready fr ur bamb bicycle building curse.
The first step was setting up the structure fr hlding the frame (骨架) in place. After that we were tld t ___1___ the bamb t be f use, which was a delicate jb. There were several things t ___2___. Of curse, finding pieces that were the clr we wanted was just as imprtant.
The rest f the afternn was spent ___3___ each piece f the frame int the structure. Bamb is fairly flexible, and this particular ___4___ meant that sme adjustments were really necessary. One prblem lining up the tw chains causes ___5___ made ur frame useless. Luckily, hwever, after sme careful ___6___, we cnfirmed that it was alright. There was just enugh space t fit a wheel.
On Sunday mrning we returned t the wrkshp t cmplete the final ___7___. We began t tightly wrap each jint n the frame, t keep it ___8___ with natural fibers kept in special glue. All that was left nw was fr it t dry. In a few hurs we wuld be fficial members f the Bamb Bicycle Club.
Finally we finished ur jb. I culdn’t wait t ___9___ ur bicycle t find ut what it was really like t ride a bamb bicycle. It felt just as ____10____ as any bicycle, but sfter and mre relaxed. Nw, every time I get n ur bicycle, I can’t help smiling. It reminds me f when James and I built it and makes me prud f myself.
1. A. returnB. cverC. deliverD. select
2. A. bring inB. watch frC. take verD. give away
3. A. fixingB. changingC. leavingD. mixing
4. A. angleB. psitinC. qualityD. stage
5. A. nlyB. almstC. seldmD. still
6. A. checksB. requestsC. preparatinsD. links
7. A. reprtB. cmmandC. judgementD. prcess
8. A. smthB. heavyC. firmD. slim
9. A. chargeB. testC. seekD. equip
10. A. cmplicatedB. accurateC. suitableD. capable
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mia rushed hme and threw pen the frnt dr. Her mther turned arund, surprised that Mia was hme frm schl s early. “I wn first place in the art cntest!” she said ___11___ pride and raised her head, expecting praise. Thugh Mia ___12___ (wrk) eagerly n her art submissin fr weeks, her mther wasn’t sure ___13___ he prject invlved. “That’s wnderful, Mia! What was the subject f yur art prject?” her mther asked. Smiling frm ear t ear, Mia handed ver her artwrk. It was a prtrait f her mther.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In June2012, China’s first manned deep-sea submersible (潜水器), Jialng, set a wrld diving recrd fr submersibles f its kind by reaching a ____14____ (deep) f 7,062 meters in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. In 2017, China successfully tested a submersible called Shenhai Yngshi, capable f diving 4,500 meters. ____15____ much f Jialng’s equipment was imprted, abut 95 percent f Shenhai Yngshi and all its cre cmpnents ____16____ (prduce) dmestically, said Xu Qinan, the chief designer f Jialng.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nearly tw decades____17____ (pass) since China sent the first Beidu satellite int space in 2000. During that time, mre Beidu satellites were sent int rbit (轨道), ____18____ (frm) the Beidu Navigatin Satellite System (BDS). In late 2012, it began prviding psitining, navigatin, timing and messaging ____19____ (service) t peple in China and ther parts f the Asia-Pacific regin. At the end f 2018, BDS started t serve users wrldwide. Nw with tw mre Beidu satellites ____20____ (launch) n Dec 16, 2019, BDS has 53 satellites in rbit.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
THE OLYMPIC STUDIES CENTRE
YOUR SOURCE OF REFERENCE FOR OLYMPIC KNOWLEDGE
The IOC Olympic Studies Centre is the wrld surce f reference fr Olympic knwledge. Our missin is t share this knwledge with prfessinals and researchers thrugh prviding infrmatin, giving access t ur unique cllectins, enabling research and stimulating intellectual exchange.
As part f the IOC, we are uniquely placed t cllect and share the mst up-t-date and accurate infrmatin n Olympism. Our cllectins include the IOC archives (档案), the fficial publicatins f the IOC and the Organizing Cmmittee f the Olympic Games as well as bks, articles and jurnals.
HERE TO HELP
Whatever yur interest in the Olympic Mvement—academic r prfessinal—we will help yu find the infrmatin yu need, quickly and easily. We’re here t:
Answer yur questins: share factual and histrical infrmatin, Games results and statistics
Give persnalized guidance: help yu find what yu need in ur extensive library and archives
Lend yu bks and publicatins, even internatinally
Give yu nline access: t ur electrnic dcuments
Award research grants: t PhD students and established researchers
Cnnect yu t ur netwrk: f academic experts in Olympic studies
Jin the academic cmmunity interested in Olympic studies
One f ur key rles is t facilitate cmmunicatin and cperatin between the IOC and the internatinal academic cmmunity in rder t prmte research and stimulate intellectual exchange.
This wrldwide cmmunity is mainly cmpsed f ver 40 Olympic Studies Centers and hundreds f individual schlars and university students wrking n academic prjects related t the field f Olympic studies.
Thanks t this regular exchange and the wrk cnducted by the academics, we enrich the wrld’s Olympic knwledge, share new analysis n key tpics related t the Olympic Mvement and can prvide guidance t universities wishing t launch initiatives n Olympic studies.
Jin ur academic mailing list
University prfessrs and researchers are invited t jin ur academic mailing list t be infrmed abut ur future activities and ther updates cncerning Olympic studies initiatives. T jin, email us with a brief descriptin f yur academic status and yur full cntact details.
VISIT US
Yu’ll find us next dr t the Olympic Museum in Lausanne, Switzerland. We’re pen Mnday t Friday, 9am t 5pm, except n public hlidays and n Christmas. Yu dn’t need an appintment t use the library and the study rms. If yu wuld like t see the histrical archives r need persnal guidance t find yur way arund ur cllectins, please fill ut ur visitr request frm.
21. The Olympic Studies Center mainly aims t ________.
A. give persnalized guidance
B. prvide resurces n the Olympics
C. receive Olympic fans acrss the wrld
D. update infrmatin n Olympism fr fficials
22. What can be learned abut the academic cmmunity?
A. It is rganized by Olympic fficials.
B. It launches prjects at universities.
C. It prmtes academic exchanges.
D. It prvides electrnic dcuments.
23. If yu want t visit the center, yu have t ________.
A. fill ut a visitr request frmB. enter the Olympic Museum
C. make an appintmentD. arrive n wrkdays
B
Kylie Kirkpatrick was getting ready fr wrk when her 9-year-ld sn, Ryan Kyte, burst int her bedrm. The Napa, Califrnia-based third-grader had just watched a news stry abut a kindergarten student in Indiana wh was frced t return her schl lunch because her accunt balance culdn’t cver the meal.
“Ryan was upset,” Kirkpatrick tld TODAY Parents. “He said, ‘Mm, hw des smething like this happen?’ Then he asked what he culd d t help.”
After a bit f brainstrming, Kyte—prnunced “cyte”—decided he wuld use six mnths’ wrth f allwance he had saved up t pay ff the lunch debt f his entire class at West Park Elementary Schl. The bill came up t $74.50.
Thugh Kyte had been eyeballing a new pair f basketball sneakers this was far mre imprtant t him. S, n May 24, he happily dnated his six mnths f savings t the Napa Valley Unified Schl District fd services department.
“Ryan tld them, ‘Please let my friends knw that they n lnger we any mney,’” Kirkpatrick recalled. “Lunch is his favrite part f the day and it brke his heart t think that it’s a stressful time fr sme children.”
The furth-grader-t-be wanted his act f kindness t be unknwn t thers but his prud mther culdn’t resist sharing a pht n Twitter, where it spread quickly.
“Give this kid his mney back. N child shuld be cvering lunch debt fr his class with his allwance,” wrte ne persn. Added anther: “Lve this stry... Special kid.”
Practicing gd deeds is nthing new fr Kyte. “I’ll g int the garage and Ryan’s bike is missing because he gave it t a friend in need,” Kirkpatrick, a sign-language interpreter, tld TODAY Parents. “One time, a friend didn’t have any shes that fit, s Ryan gave him a pair f his wn shes.”
Recently, an investr gt wind f what Kyte had dne fr his classmates and he cntacted Kirkpatrick. “He wanted t give Ryan mney t put in his savings accunt,” she said.
Kyte, wh recently lst his father t ALS, had anther idea.
“Ryan tld the man t pay it frward,” Kirkpatrick said. “S he made a dnatin t the ALS Assciatin. I can’t even begin t tell yu what that meant t Ryan. All he wants is t make the wrld a better place.”
24. Instead f buying a new pair f sneakers, Ryan was mre cncerned abut ________.
A. his schl lunchB. his accunt balance
C. his six mnths f savingsD. his classmates’ lunch debt
25. What d we knw abut Ryan Kyte frm the passage?
A. He tried his best t help his friends in need.
B. He culdn’t resist sharing his phts n Twitter.
C. He accepted a dnatin frm the ALS Assciatin.
D. He argued against negative reviews n scial media.
26. What des the stry intend t tell us?
A. Life is always tugh fr schl children.
B A kid can make a difference in the wrld.
C. Scial media can make yung peple ppular.
D. Friendship is an imprtant part f being a yuth.
C
Althugh it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable f seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thught f as silent. But nw, fr the first time, they have been recrded making ultrasnic cries when stressed, which researchers say culd pen up a new field f precisin agriculture where farmers listen fr water-starved crps.
Itzhak Khait and his clleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel fund that tmat and tbacc plants made cries at frequencies humans cannt hear when stressed by a lack f water r when their stem is cut.
Micrphnes placed 10 centimetres frm the plants picked up sunds in the ultrasnic range f 20 t 100 kilhertz, which the team says insects and sme mammals wuld be capable f hearing and respnding t frm as far as 5 metres away. A mth may decide against laying eggs n a plant that sunds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants culd even hear that ther plants are shrt f water and react accrdingly, they speculate.
On average, drught-stressed tmat plants made 35 sunds an hur, while tbacc plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tmat plants made an average f 25 sunds in the fllwing hur, and tbacc plants 15. Unstressed plants prduced fewer than ne sund per hur, n average.
It is even pssible t distinguish between the sunds t knw what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning mdel t discriminate between the plants’ sunds and the wind, rain and ther nises f the greenhuse, crrectly identifying in mst cases whether the stress was caused by dryness r a cut, based n the sund’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tbacc appears t make luder sunds than cut tbacc, fr example.
Enabling farmers t listen fr water-stressed plants culd “pen a new directin in the field f precisin agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly imprtant as climate change expses mre areas t drught.
“The suggestin that the sunds that drught-stressed plants make culd be used in precisin agriculture seems feasible if it is nt t cstly t set up the recrding in a field situatin,” says Anne Visscher at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.
She warns that the results can’t yet be bradened ut t ther stresses, such as salt r temperature, because these may nt lead t sunds. In additin, there have been n experiments t shw whether mths r any ther animal can hear and respnd t the sunds the plants make, s that idea remains speculative（推测的）fr nw, she says.
27. The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shws that_______.
A. tbacc plants make luder sunds than tmat plants when hurt
B. water-hungry tmat plants are mre sensible than tbacc plants
C. unstressed plants prduced sunds f laughter when being watered
D. plants respnd t the sunds the plants make and prtect themselves
28. What is Anne Visscher’s attitude twards the finding f the experiment?
A. AppreciativeB. Dubtful
C. CautiusD. Optimistic
29. It can be learnt frm the research that ________.
A. greenhuse effects can be avided
B. sil cnditin can be adjusted in time.
C plant cnditin can be diagnsed faster.
D. insects can be detected and remved easily.
30. What is the best title fr the article?
A. Plants Get Stressed Just Like Us
B. Plants Scream in Presence f Stress
C. Sunds f Plants Detected Far Away
D. Sunds f Plants Break Farmers’ Hearts
D
Upskilling is the future—but it must wrk fr everyne
Autmatin and jb replacement will be ne f the mst significant challenges fr the glbal ecnmy f the cming decades. A 2017 Mckinsey reprt established that 375 millin wrkers will need t switch ccupatinal categries by 2030. The Wrld Ecnmic Frum suggests that by 2022, autmatin will replace 75 millin jbs glbally—but create 133 millin new nes.
Research int the likelihd that a jb will be impacted by digitizatin has largely fcused n the “autmatability” f the rle and the fllwing ecnmic reginal and plitical effects f this. What this research desn’t take int accunt is smething mre imprtant fr the millins f taxi drivers and retail wrkers acrss the glbe: their likelihd f being able t change t anther jb that isn’t autmatable. Recent research suggests that the answer t this may be that the skills that enable wrkers t mve up the ladder t mre cmplex rles within their current areas might be less imprtant than brader skills that will enable wrkers t change acrss divisins.
In July, Amazn annunced that it wuld spend $700 millin retraining arund 30% f its 300,000 US wrkfrce. While praisewrthy, it will be interesting t see the utcme. In the UK, the Natinal Retraining Scheme has largely been led by emplyers, meaning that thse n zer-hurs cntracts and part-time wrkers—ften lw-skilled—will miss ut. Gvernance will be a crucial element f ensuring that such schemes fcus n individuals and life-lng learning, rather than upskilling wrkers int rles that will sn als face autmatin.
Accrding t the Mckinsey reprt, “grwing awareness f the scale f the task ahead has yet t translate int actin. Public spending n labur-frce training and supprt has fallen fr years in mst member cuntries f the Organisatin fr Ecnmic C-Operatin and Develpment,” which impacts mre than just the lw-skilled and prly cmpensated.
The glbal impact f autmatin is als put int relief by research demnstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, incme inequality increased thrughut the wrld. Billins f peple d nt have the essentials f life as defined by the UN Sustainable Develpment gals.
Alngside climate change, autmatin is arguably tech’s biggest challenge. As with glbalizatin, gvernments and emplyers—and us wrkers—ignre its ptential cnsequences at risk t urselves.
31. It can be knwn frm Paragraph 2 that .
A. recent research has fund ways t face autmatin
B. brad skills are f great significance in changing jbs
C. reginal ecnmy can affect the autmatability f a jb
D. it is even harder fr wrkers t mve up the scial ladder
32. What is the authr’s attitude twards retraining prgrams?
A. Supprtive.B. Critical.
C. Skeptical.D. Sympathetic.
33. Accrding t the authr, what is ne cnsequence f autmatin?
A. Less spending n training.B. A slwdwn f glbalizatin.
C. Scial unrest and instability.D. An increase in incme inequality.
34. The passage is written t .
A. argue the urgency f creating new jbsB. cmpare glbalizatin with autmatin
C. analyze the autmatability f certain jbsD. stress the imprtance f upskilling wrkers
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Optimism Bias (偏见)
While we ften like t think f urselves as highly ratinal and lgical, researchers have fund that the human brain is smetimes t ptimistic fr its wn gd. If yu were asked t estimate hw likely yu are t experience illness, jb lss, r an accident, yu are likely t underestimate the prbability that such events will ever impact yur life. ___35___
This bias leads us t believe that we are less likely t suffer frm misfrtune and mre likely t attain success than reality wuld suggest. We believe that we will live lnger, and that we will be mre successful in life than the average. ___36___
The ptimism bias is essentially a mistaken belief that ur chances f experiencing negative events are lwer and ur chances f experiencing psitive events are higher than thse f ur peers. And this verly psitive assumptin desn’t mean that we have an verly sunny utlk n ur wn lives. ___37___ Peple might skip their yearly physical, nt wear their seatbelt, r fail t put n sunscreen because they mistakenly believe that they are less likely t get sick, get in an accident, r get skin cancer.
Cgnitive neurscientist Tali Shart, authr f The Optimism Bias: A Tur f the Irratinally Psitive Brain, ntes that this bias is widespread and can be seen in cultures all ver the wrld. Shart als suggests that while this ptimism bias can at times lead t negative utcmes like flishly engaging in risky behavirs r making pr chices abut yur health, it can als have its benefits. ___38___ If we expect gd things t happen, we are mre likely t be happy. This ptimism can act as a self-fulfilling prphecy. By believing that we will be successful, peple are in fact mre likely t be successful.
___39___ After all, if we didn’t believe that we culd achieve success, why wuld we even bther trying? Optimists are als mre likely t take measures t prtect their health such as exercising, taking vitamins, and fllwing a nutritius diet.
A. Optimism als mtivates us t pursue ur gals.
B. But we are als highly mtivated t be s ptimistic.
C. But definitely nt everyne is blessed with such luck.
D. This is because yur brain has a built-in ptimism bias.
E. It can als lead t pr decisin-making, which can smetimes have disastrus results.
F. This ptimism enhances well-being by creating a sense f anticipatin abut the future.
G. Varius causes may lead t the ptimistic bias, including cgnitive and mtivatinal factrs.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Digital Inclusin fr Older Adults
As a researcher in the behavir f lder adults, I regularly hear cmplaints frm them like, “I’m just nt part f this wrld anymre. In certain parts f sciety, I just can’t jin… Sme things just are nt pssible if yu are nt in the flw f the Internet.” r “We feel like we’re standing utside a building that we have n access t.”
Tday, mastering digital technlgy has becme a key cmpnent f what it means t fully participate in sciety. But ne area in particular threatens t prevent sme lder adults frm making cnnectins: the digital divide.
As a recent study shws, ne-third f adults aged 65 and lder say they’ve never used the Internet, and half dn’t have Internet access at hme. Of thse wh d use the Internet, nearly half say they need smene else’s help t set up r use a new digital device.
In cntrast t cncerns abut technlgy use increasing islatin(孤立；隔离) amng yunger ppulatins, the cmmunicatin and cnnectin pssible nline can be especially valuable fr lder adults wh are hmebund, live far away frm family, r have lst the lved nes. Older adults can use nline tls t cnnect with friends and family via messaging platfrms, vide chat, and scial media even if they can n lnger physically visit them. And they can engage with the utside wrld thrugh news, blgs, streaming platfrms, and email, even if they are n lnger able t mve abut as easily as they nce culd.
Fr lder adults in particular, the risks assciated with scial islatin are prfund. Lneliness amng lder adults has been assciated with depressin, functinal decline, and death. Technlgy can serve as an imprtant tl t help reduce these risks, but nly if we prvide lder adults with the skills they need, t make inclusin in the digital wrld accessible t them.
The imprtance f digital inclusin is nt ging t disappear with the generatinal changes f the cming decades. Technlgy is cntinuusly develping, and with each new digital innvatin cme challenges fr even yunger adults t adapt.
40. What prevents sme lder adults frm cnnecting with sciety?
41. What d the statistics in Paragraph 3 indicate?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
●Enabling lder adults t access the digital wrld can help them recver frm depressin and functinal decline.
43. Please briefly present yur pinin n digital inclusin. (abut 40 wrds)
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三(1)班班长李华。你班即将在12月3日国际残疾人日(Internatinal Day f Persns with Disabilities)开展关爱残疾人活动。请你给交换生Jim写一封电子邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：
1. 活动目的及安排；
2. 邀请参加。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua
(考试时间90分钟，满分100分)
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Making My Own Bicycle
It was a Saturday mrning. James and I were at the Bamb Bicycle Club, ready fr ur bamb bicycle building curse.
The first step was setting up the structure fr hlding the frame (骨架) in place. After that we were tld t ___1___ the bamb t be f use, which was a delicate jb. There were several things t ___2___. Of curse, finding pieces that were the clr we wanted was just as imprtant.
The rest f the afternn was spent ___3___ each piece f the frame int the structure. Bamb is fairly flexible, and this particular ___4___ meant that sme adjustments were really necessary. One prblem lining up the tw chains causes ___5___ made ur frame useless. Luckily, hwever, after sme careful ___6___, we cnfirmed that it was alright. There was just enugh space t fit a wheel.
On Sunday mrning we returned t the wrkshp t cmplete the final ___7___. We began t tightly wrap each jint n the frame, t keep it ___8___ with natural fibers kept in special glue. All that was left nw was fr it t dry. In a few hurs we wuld be fficial members f the Bamb Bicycle Club.
Finally we finished ur jb. I culdn’t wait t ___9___ ur bicycle t find ut what it was really like t ride a bamb bicycle. It felt just as ____10____ as any bicycle, but sfter and mre relaxed. Nw, every time I get n ur bicycle, I can’t help smiling. It reminds me f when James and I built it and makes me prud f myself.
1. A. returnB. cverC. deliverD. select
2. A. bring inB. watch frC. take verD. give away
3. A. fixingB. changingC. leavingD. mixing
4. A. angleB. psitinC. qualityD. stage
5. A. nlyB. almstC. seldmD. still
6. A. checksB. requestsC. preparatinsD. links
7. A. reprtB. cmmandC. judgementD. prcess
8. A. smthB. heavyC. firmD. slim
9. A. chargeB. testC. seekD. equip
10. A. cmplicatedB. accurateC. suitableD. capable
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mia rushed hme and threw pen the frnt dr. Her mther turned arund, surprised that Mia was hme frm schl s early. “I wn first place in the art cntest!” she said ___11___ pride and raised her head, expecting praise. Thugh Mia ___12___ (wrk) eagerly n her art submissin fr weeks, her mther wasn’t sure ___13___ he prject invlved. “That’s wnderful, Mia! What was the subject f yur art prject?” her mther asked. Smiling frm ear t ear, Mia handed ver her artwrk. It was a prtrait f her mther.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In June2012, China’s first manned deep-sea submersible (潜水器), Jialng, set a wrld diving recrd fr submersibles f its kind by reaching a ____14____ (deep) f 7,062 meters in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. In 2017, China successfully tested a submersible called Shenhai Yngshi, capable f diving 4,500 meters. ____15____ much f Jialng’s equipment was imprted, abut 95 percent f Shenhai Yngshi and all its cre cmpnents ____16____ (prduce) dmestically, said Xu Qinan, the chief designer f Jialng.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nearly tw decades____17____ (pass) since China sent the first Beidu satellite int space in 2000. During that time, mre Beidu satellites were sent int rbit (轨道), ____18____ (frm) the Beidu Navigatin Satellite System (BDS). In late 2012, it began prviding psitining, navigatin, timing and messaging ____19____ (service) t peple in China and ther parts f the Asia-Pacific regin. At the end f 2018, BDS started t serve users wrldwide. Nw with tw mre Beidu satellites ____20____ (launch) n Dec 16, 2019, BDS has 53 satellites in rbit.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
THE OLYMPIC STUDIES CENTRE
YOUR SOURCE OF REFERENCE FOR OLYMPIC KNOWLEDGE
The IOC Olympic Studies Centre is the wrld surce f reference fr Olympic knwledge. Our missin is t share this knwledge with prfessinals and researchers thrugh prviding infrmatin, giving access t ur unique cllectins, enabling research and stimulating intellectual exchange.
As part f the IOC, we are uniquely placed t cllect and share the mst up-t-date and accurate infrmatin n Olympism. Our cllectins include the IOC archives (档案), the fficial publicatins f the IOC and the Organizing Cmmittee f the Olympic Games as well as bks, articles and jurnals.
HERE TO HELP
Whatever yur interest in the Olympic Mvement—academic r prfessinal—we will help yu find the infrmatin yu need, quickly and easily. We’re here t:
Answer yur questins: share factual and histrical infrmatin, Games results and statistics
Give persnalized guidance: help yu find what yu need in ur extensive library and archives
Lend yu bks and publicatins, even internatinally
Give yu nline access: t ur electrnic dcuments
Award research grants: t PhD students and established researchers
Cnnect yu t ur netwrk: f academic experts in Olympic studies
Jin the academic cmmunity interested in Olympic studies
One f ur key rles is t facilitate cmmunicatin and cperatin between the IOC and the internatinal academic cmmunity in rder t prmte research and stimulate intellectual exchange.
This wrldwide cmmunity is mainly cmpsed f ver 40 Olympic Studies Centers and hundreds f individual schlars and university students wrking n academic prjects related t the field f Olympic studies.
Thanks t this regular exchange and the wrk cnducted by the academics, we enrich the wrld’s Olympic knwledge, share new analysis n key tpics related t the Olympic Mvement and can prvide guidance t universities wishing t launch initiatives n Olympic studies.
Jin ur academic mailing list
University prfessrs and researchers are invited t jin ur academic mailing list t be infrmed abut ur future activities and ther updates cncerning Olympic studies initiatives. T jin, email us with a brief descriptin f yur academic status and yur full cntact details.
VISIT US
Yu’ll find us next dr t the Olympic Museum in Lausanne, Switzerland. We’re pen Mnday t Friday, 9am t 5pm, except n public hlidays and n Christmas. Yu dn’t need an appintment t use the library and the study rms. If yu wuld like t see the histrical archives r need persnal guidance t find yur way arund ur cllectins, please fill ut ur visitr request frm.
21. The Olympic Studies Center mainly aims t ________.
A. give persnalized guidance
B. prvide resurces n the Olympics
C. receive Olympic fans acrss the wrld
D. update infrmatin n Olympism fr fficials
22. What can be learned abut the academic cmmunity?
A. It is rganized by Olympic fficials.
B. It launches prjects at universities.
C. It prmtes academic exchanges.
D. It prvides electrnic dcuments.
23. If yu want t visit the center, yu have t ________.
A. fill ut a visitr request frmB. enter the Olympic Museum
C. make an appintmentD. arrive n wrkdays
B
Kylie Kirkpatrick was getting ready fr wrk when her 9-year-ld sn, Ryan Kyte, burst int her bedrm. The Napa, Califrnia-based third-grader had just watched a news stry abut a kindergarten student in Indiana wh was frced t return her schl lunch because her accunt balance culdn’t cver the meal.
“Ryan was upset,” Kirkpatrick tld TODAY Parents. “He said, ‘Mm, hw des smething like this happen?’ Then he asked what he culd d t help.”
After a bit f brainstrming, Kyte—prnunced “cyte”—decided he wuld use six mnths’ wrth f allwance he had saved up t pay ff the lunch debt f his entire class at West Park Elementary Schl. The bill came up t $74.50.
Thugh Kyte had been eyeballing a new pair f basketball sneakers this was far mre imprtant t him. S, n May 24, he happily dnated his six mnths f savings t the Napa Valley Unified Schl District fd services department.
“Ryan tld them, ‘Please let my friends knw that they n lnger we any mney,’” Kirkpatrick recalled. “Lunch is his favrite part f the day and it brke his heart t think that it’s a stressful time fr sme children.”
The furth-grader-t-be wanted his act f kindness t be unknwn t thers but his prud mther culdn’t resist sharing a pht n Twitter, where it spread quickly.
“Give this kid his mney back. N child shuld be cvering lunch debt fr his class with his allwance,” wrte ne persn. Added anther: “Lve this stry... Special kid.”
Practicing gd deeds is nthing new fr Kyte. “I’ll g int the garage and Ryan’s bike is missing because he gave it t a friend in need,” Kirkpatrick, a sign-language interpreter, tld TODAY Parents. “One time, a friend didn’t have any shes that fit, s Ryan gave him a pair f his wn shes.”
Recently, an investr gt wind f what Kyte had dne fr his classmates and he cntacted Kirkpatrick. “He wanted t give Ryan mney t put in his savings accunt,” she said.
Kyte, wh recently lst his father t ALS, had anther idea.
“Ryan tld the man t pay it frward,” Kirkpatrick said. “S he made a dnatin t the ALS Assciatin. I can’t even begin t tell yu what that meant t Ryan. All he wants is t make the wrld a better place.”
24. Instead f buying a new pair f sneakers, Ryan was mre cncerned abut ________.
A. his schl lunchB. his accunt balance
C. his six mnths f savingsD. his classmates’ lunch debt
25. What d we knw abut Ryan Kyte frm the passage?
A. He tried his best t help his friends in need.
B. He culdn’t resist sharing his phts n Twitter.
C. He accepted a dnatin frm the ALS Assciatin.
D. He argued against negative reviews n scial media.
26. What des the stry intend t tell us?
A. Life is always tugh fr schl children.
B A kid can make a difference in the wrld.
C. Scial media can make yung peple ppular.
D. Friendship is an imprtant part f being a yuth.
C
Althugh it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable f seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thught f as silent. But nw, fr the first time, they have been recrded making ultrasnic cries when stressed, which researchers say culd pen up a new field f precisin agriculture where farmers listen fr water-starved crps.
Itzhak Khait and his clleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel fund that tmat and tbacc plants made cries at frequencies humans cannt hear when stressed by a lack f water r when their stem is cut.
Micrphnes placed 10 centimetres frm the plants picked up sunds in the ultrasnic range f 20 t 100 kilhertz, which the team says insects and sme mammals wuld be capable f hearing and respnding t frm as far as 5 metres away. A mth may decide against laying eggs n a plant that sunds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants culd even hear that ther plants are shrt f water and react accrdingly, they speculate.
On average, drught-stressed tmat plants made 35 sunds an hur, while tbacc plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tmat plants made an average f 25 sunds in the fllwing hur, and tbacc plants 15. Unstressed plants prduced fewer than ne sund per hur, n average.
It is even pssible t distinguish between the sunds t knw what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning mdel t discriminate between the plants’ sunds and the wind, rain and ther nises f the greenhuse, crrectly identifying in mst cases whether the stress was caused by dryness r a cut, based n the sund’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tbacc appears t make luder sunds than cut tbacc, fr example.
Enabling farmers t listen fr water-stressed plants culd “pen a new directin in the field f precisin agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly imprtant as climate change expses mre areas t drught.
“The suggestin that the sunds that drught-stressed plants make culd be used in precisin agriculture seems feasible if it is nt t cstly t set up the recrding in a field situatin,” says Anne Visscher at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.
She warns that the results can’t yet be bradened ut t ther stresses, such as salt r temperature, because these may nt lead t sunds. In additin, there have been n experiments t shw whether mths r any ther animal can hear and respnd t the sunds the plants make, s that idea remains speculative（推测的）fr nw, she says.
27. The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shws that_______.
A. tbacc plants make luder sunds than tmat plants when hurt
B. water-hungry tmat plants are mre sensible than tbacc plants
C. unstressed plants prduced sunds f laughter when being watered
D. plants respnd t the sunds the plants make and prtect themselves
28. What is Anne Visscher’s attitude twards the finding f the experiment?
A. AppreciativeB. Dubtful
C. CautiusD. Optimistic
29. It can be learnt frm the research that ________.
A. greenhuse effects can be avided
B. sil cnditin can be adjusted in time.
C plant cnditin can be diagnsed faster.
D. insects can be detected and remved easily.
30. What is the best title fr the article?
A. Plants Get Stressed Just Like Us
B. Plants Scream in Presence f Stress
C. Sunds f Plants Detected Far Away
D. Sunds f Plants Break Farmers’ Hearts
D
Upskilling is the future—but it must wrk fr everyne
Autmatin and jb replacement will be ne f the mst significant challenges fr the glbal ecnmy f the cming decades. A 2017 Mckinsey reprt established that 375 millin wrkers will need t switch ccupatinal categries by 2030. The Wrld Ecnmic Frum suggests that by 2022, autmatin will replace 75 millin jbs glbally—but create 133 millin new nes.
Research int the likelihd that a jb will be impacted by digitizatin has largely fcused n the “autmatability” f the rle and the fllwing ecnmic reginal and plitical effects f this. What this research desn’t take int accunt is smething mre imprtant fr the millins f taxi drivers and retail wrkers acrss the glbe: their likelihd f being able t change t anther jb that isn’t autmatable. Recent research suggests that the answer t this may be that the skills that enable wrkers t mve up the ladder t mre cmplex rles within their current areas might be less imprtant than brader skills that will enable wrkers t change acrss divisins.
In July, Amazn annunced that it wuld spend $700 millin retraining arund 30% f its 300,000 US wrkfrce. While praisewrthy, it will be interesting t see the utcme. In the UK, the Natinal Retraining Scheme has largely been led by emplyers, meaning that thse n zer-hurs cntracts and part-time wrkers—ften lw-skilled—will miss ut. Gvernance will be a crucial element f ensuring that such schemes fcus n individuals and life-lng learning, rather than upskilling wrkers int rles that will sn als face autmatin.
Accrding t the Mckinsey reprt, “grwing awareness f the scale f the task ahead has yet t translate int actin. Public spending n labur-frce training and supprt has fallen fr years in mst member cuntries f the Organisatin fr Ecnmic C-Operatin and Develpment,” which impacts mre than just the lw-skilled and prly cmpensated.
The glbal impact f autmatin is als put int relief by research demnstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, incme inequality increased thrughut the wrld. Billins f peple d nt have the essentials f life as defined by the UN Sustainable Develpment gals.
Alngside climate change, autmatin is arguably tech’s biggest challenge. As with glbalizatin, gvernments and emplyers—and us wrkers—ignre its ptential cnsequences at risk t urselves.
31. It can be knwn frm Paragraph 2 that .
A. recent research has fund ways t face autmatin
B. brad skills are f great significance in changing jbs
C. reginal ecnmy can affect the autmatability f a jb
D. it is even harder fr wrkers t mve up the scial ladder
32. What is the authr’s attitude twards retraining prgrams?
A. Supprtive.B. Critical.
C. Skeptical.D. Sympathetic.
33. Accrding t the authr, what is ne cnsequence f autmatin?
A. Less spending n training.B. A slwdwn f glbalizatin.
C. Scial unrest and instability.D. An increase in incme inequality.
34. The passage is written t .
A. argue the urgency f creating new jbsB. cmpare glbalizatin with autmatin
C. analyze the autmatability f certain jbsD. stress the imprtance f upskilling wrkers
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Optimism Bias (偏见)
While we ften like t think f urselves as highly ratinal and lgical, researchers have fund that the human brain is smetimes t ptimistic fr its wn gd. If yu were asked t estimate hw likely yu are t experience illness, jb lss, r an accident, yu are likely t underestimate the prbability that such events will ever impact yur life. ___35___
This bias leads us t believe that we are less likely t suffer frm misfrtune and mre likely t attain success than reality wuld suggest. We believe that we will live lnger, and that we will be mre successful in life than the average. ___36___
The ptimism bias is essentially a mistaken belief that ur chances f experiencing negative events are lwer and ur chances f experiencing psitive events are higher than thse f ur peers. And this verly psitive assumptin desn’t mean that we have an verly sunny utlk n ur wn lives. ___37___ Peple might skip their yearly physical, nt wear their seatbelt, r fail t put n sunscreen because they mistakenly believe that they are less likely t get sick, get in an accident, r get skin cancer.
Cgnitive neurscientist Tali Shart, authr f The Optimism Bias: A Tur f the Irratinally Psitive Brain, ntes that this bias is widespread and can be seen in cultures all ver the wrld. Shart als suggests that while this ptimism bias can at times lead t negative utcmes like flishly engaging in risky behavirs r making pr chices abut yur health, it can als have its benefits. ___38___ If we expect gd things t happen, we are mre likely t be happy. This ptimism can act as a self-fulfilling prphecy. By believing that we will be successful, peple are in fact mre likely t be successful.
___39___ After all, if we didn’t believe that we culd achieve success, why wuld we even bther trying? Optimists are als mre likely t take measures t prtect their health such as exercising, taking vitamins, and fllwing a nutritius diet.
A. Optimism als mtivates us t pursue ur gals.
B. But we are als highly mtivated t be s ptimistic.
C. But definitely nt everyne is blessed with such luck.
D. This is because yur brain has a built-in ptimism bias.
E. It can als lead t pr decisin-making, which can smetimes have disastrus results.
F. This ptimism enhances well-being by creating a sense f anticipatin abut the future.
G. Varius causes may lead t the ptimistic bias, including cgnitive and mtivatinal factrs.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Digital Inclusin fr Older Adults
As a researcher in the behavir f lder adults, I regularly hear cmplaints frm them like, “I’m just nt part f this wrld anymre. In certain parts f sciety, I just can’t jin… Sme things just are nt pssible if yu are nt in the flw f the Internet.” r “We feel like we’re standing utside a building that we have n access t.”
Tday, mastering digital technlgy has becme a key cmpnent f what it means t fully participate in sciety. But ne area in particular threatens t prevent sme lder adults frm making cnnectins: the digital divide.
As a recent study shws, ne-third f adults aged 65 and lder say they’ve never used the Internet, and half dn’t have Internet access at hme. Of thse wh d use the Internet, nearly half say they need smene else’s help t set up r use a new digital device.
In cntrast t cncerns abut technlgy use increasing islatin(孤立；隔离) amng yunger ppulatins, the cmmunicatin and cnnectin pssible nline can be especially valuable fr lder adults wh are hmebund, live far away frm family, r have lst the lved nes. Older adults can use nline tls t cnnect with friends and family via messaging platfrms, vide chat, and scial media even if they can n lnger physically visit them. And they can engage with the utside wrld thrugh news, blgs, streaming platfrms, and email, even if they are n lnger able t mve abut as easily as they nce culd.
Fr lder adults in particular, the risks assciated with scial islatin are prfund. Lneliness amng lder adults has been assciated with depressin, functinal decline, and death. Technlgy can serve as an imprtant tl t help reduce these risks, but nly if we prvide lder adults with the skills they need, t make inclusin in the digital wrld accessible t them.
The imprtance f digital inclusin is nt ging t disappear with the generatinal changes f the cming decades. Technlgy is cntinuusly develping, and with each new digital innvatin cme challenges fr even yunger adults t adapt.
40. What prevents sme lder adults frm cnnecting with sciety?
41. What d the statistics in Paragraph 3 indicate?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
●Enabling lder adults t access the digital wrld can help them recver frm depressin and functinal decline.
43. Please briefly present yur pinin n digital inclusin. (abut 40 wrds)
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三(1)班班长李华。你班即将在12月3日国际残疾人日(Internatinal Day f Persns with Disabilities)开展关爱残疾人活动。请你给交换生Jim写一封电子邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：
1. 活动目的及安排；
2. 邀请参加。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua
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