2023-2024学年陕西省渭南市韩城市象山中学高三上学期10月月考英语试题含答案
展开注意事项:
1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s wrng with the man?
A. He has eye truble. B. He is alchlic. C. He caught a cld.
2. What des the man want?
A. Better service. B. Anther menu. C. A quick meal.
3. What did the wman d tday?
A. She went shpping. B. She did sme sewing. C. She had her car repaired.
4. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a classrm. B. In a phne bth. C. In a meeting.
5. When was the seminar suppsed t start?
A. On January 16th. B. On January 26th. C. On January 27th.
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What is the wman ging t d?
A. Have a class. B. Attend a meeting. C. Take an exam.
7. What is the wman interested in?
A. Bichemistry. B. Histry. C. Medicine.
听下面一段对话,回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. Wh was the wman expecting at first?
A. An ld friend. B. A guy with a white suit. C. A net friend.
9. Why is the wman angry at the man?
A. He frgt t send her an e-mail.
B. He didn’t tell her his real name.
C. He answered the questins incrrectly.
听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. When is the reality shw n?
A. At 7:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00.
11. Why wn’t the wman watch Avatar?
A. It’s t lng.
B. She’s seen it many times.
C. Much actin is invlved in it.
12. What is the hme imprvement shw abut?
A. Cleaning the huse.
B. Decrating the bathrm.
C. Fixing things arund the huse.
听下面一段对话,回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Wh might the wman be?
A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s neighbr. C. The man’s landlady.
14. What des the wman think f Le Nrris?
A. Lazy. B. Cmpetitive. C. Amusing.
15. When des Le Nrris want t mve in?
A. On September 28th. B. On September 30th. C. On Octber 1st.
16. What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A. The man likes cycling very much.
B. The wman never gets up until nn n weekends.
C. Le Nrris made a gd impressin n the wman.
听下面一段独白,回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. A new kind f hstel.
B. The develpment f hstels.
C. The reasns fr the ppularity f hstels.
18. By whm were hstels mstly used years ag?
A. Hikers. B. Business travelers. C. Older turists.
19. Hw did the ecnmic crisis influence hstels?
A. It brught dwn the price.
B. It increased the business.
C. It prmted better services.
20. What des the speaker say abut mdern hstels?
A. Their services are varius.
B. Mst f them are in the cuntryside.
C. They prvide free bikes fr the custmers.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Creating a Graphic Nvel
In the past decade we’ve seen the rise f graphic nvels that cme in all srts f frms. Nw jin authr and illustratr Lizzy Stewart fr ur upcming masterclass, where she’ll take yu thrugh hw t create bth the illustratin and text fr a graphic nvel. Yu’ll have the chance t find the right frm fr the stry yu are trying t tell, and Lizzy will share her insight int the editrial and publishing prcess f getting a graphic nvel printed. 15 minutes will be reserved fr a Q&A sessin at the end f the masterclass, when Lizzy will answer what yu’re curius t knw.
Bking & Payment
●The wrkshp fee f £30 is payable in full nline.
●Jining instructins and full guidance will be prvided by us a week befre the start date.
Accessible t All
●It’s f real imprtance fr us that ur event remains accessible t all.
●We have made three schlarship places available fr this event as part f ur accessibility scheme (计划). Please visit ur schlarship page t find ut hw t apply fr schlarships t the curse.
●This masterclass will be presented nline thrugh vide cnferencing sftware. It will als be recrded s if yu are unable t attend the live event, yu’ll be able t catch up and access the recrding within tw weeks.
●This event will include written text and visuals. Please cntact us in advance s that we can make arrangements t be sure all dcuments appear in a frmat that wrks fr yu.
1. What can attendees d in the masterclass?
A. Have their wrk published.B. Cmmunicate with Lizzy.
C. Get Lizzy’s 15-minute instructin.D. Create graphic nvels in all frms.
2. What will the event prvide fr attendees?
A. Recrded materials fr a limited perid.
B. Free access t vide cnferencing sftware.
C. Written text and visuals fr certain attendees.
D. Schlarships t further their graphic nvel study.
3. What is this text?
A. A review.B. A guide.C. An essay.D. An advertisement.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍作家兼插画家Lizzy Stewart即将举办大师班,教我们了解如何为平面小说创作插图和文本。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“15 minutes will be reserved fr a Q&A sessin at the end f the masterclass, when Lizzy will answer what yu’re curius t knw. (大师班结束时,将为问答环节预留15分钟,届时Lizzy将回答你想知道的问题)”可知,与会者可以和Lizzy交流。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Accessible t All部分第三段“It will als be recrded s if yu are unable t attend the live event, yu’ll be able t catch up and access the recrding within tw weeks. (它也将被录制,因此如果你无法参加现场活动,你可以在两周内赶上并访问录音)”可知,活动将为与会者提供有限期间的录制材料。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In the past decade we’ve seen the rise f graphic nvels that cme in all srts f frms. Nw jin authr and illustratr Lizzy Stewart fr ur upcming masterclass, where she’ll take yu thrugh hw t create bth the illustratin and text fr a graphic nvel. Yu’ll have the chance t find the right frm fr the stry yu are trying t tell, and Lizzy will share her insight int the editrial and publishing prcess f getting a graphic nvel printed. 15 minutes will be reserved fr a Q&A sessin at the end f the masterclass, when Lizzy will answer what yu’re curius t knw.(在过去的十年里,我们看到了各种形式的平面小说的兴起。现在,加入作家兼插画家Lizzy Stewart即将到来的大师班,她将带你了解如何为平面小说创作插图和文本。你将有机会为你想要讲述的故事找到合适的形式,Lizzy将分享她对印刷平面小说的编辑和出版过程的见解。大师班结束时,将为问答环节预留15分钟,届时Lizzy将回答你想知道的问题)”和Accessible t All部分最后一段“Please cntact us in advance s that we can make arrangements t be sure all dcuments appear in a frmat that wrks fr yu. (请提前与我们联系,以便我们能够做出安排,确保所有文件都以适合你的格式出现)”可知,这篇文章主要介绍作家兼插画家Lizzy Stewart即将举办大师班,教我们了解如何为平面小说创作插图和文本。由此推知,本文是一篇广告。故选D。
B
Levn Biss was lking at insects frm his garden thrugh a micrscpe he bught fr his sn. Fr fun, they unintentinally placed an insect under the lens (镜片). “It is amazingly beautiful!” they bth screamed.
The father had been making a career taking phtgraphs fr advertisements. But that experience gave him a new directin. Arund the wrld, insect ppulatins are in decline because f habitat lss and climate change. Biss thught that if peple culd see what he saw thrugh his sn’s micrscpe, they wuld care mre abut prtecting insects.
S Biss turned t macrphtgraphy: taking clse-up pictures f small things, like flwers r bugs. His wrk has attracted attentin nt just fr its unusual beauty. It als raises awareness abut the need fr cnservatin.
In 2016, Biss shwed his first insect prject, Micrsculpture. The term refers t the features f an insect’s exskeletn, r uter shell, which develps ver time as the bug adapts t its envirnment.
Biss’s pictures capture the insects in all their micrscpic details. Then he blws up the images until the insects becme larger than life, sme f them eight feet tall. But each image takes weeks t make. He uses a digital camera with a micrscpe lens. The camera is fixed n a cmputerized track, which allws Biss t take a sht, then mve the camera by seven micrns (微米) — a distance equals t abut 1/10 the thickness f a human hair — fr the next sht. In the end, Biss might take 10,000 shts f a bug. A cmputer cmbines these small pictures int a single image.
Biss’s latest exhibitin is Extinct and Endangered at the American Museum f Natural Histry. He selected bugs that were extinct r endangered, hping his phtgraphs wuld serve as a better purpse. “I cmmunicate visually,” he says, “The way I wrk is thrugh pictures. But I think it’s my duty t shake things up and get peple t pay attentin.”
4. What made Levn Biss turn t macrphtgraphy?
A. Beautiful insects.B. Attractive envirnment.
C. An expensive micrscpe.D. An accidental bservatin.
5. Hw des Levn Biss manage t capture insects’ micrscpic details?
A. By taking a sht at them twice.
B. By adjusting the camera n a track.
C. By taking clse-up pictures cuntless times.
D. By putting them in rder n a cmputer.
6. What des the underlined phrase “shake things up” refer t in the last paragraph?
A. Get rid f the prejudice.
B. Take actin t save wildlife.
C. Spare n effrts t face difficulties.
D. Make peple think abut nature differently.
7. Which f the fllwing best describes Levn Biss?
A. Patient and respnsible.B. Wealthy and ambitius.
C. Plite and strng-willed.D. Curius and easy-ging.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名广告摄影师为保护昆虫而改变了自己的职业的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据一段中“Fr fun, they unintentinally placed an insect under the lens (镜片). (为了好玩,他们无意中在镜头下放了一只昆虫)”以及第二段中“But that experience gave him a new directin. (但那次经历给了他一个新的方向)”可知,Levn Biss转向微距摄影是因为偶然的观察。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The camera is fixed n a cmputerized track, which allws Biss t take a sht, then mve the camera by seven micrns (微米) — a distance equals t abut 1/10 the thickness f a human hair — fr the next sht. In the end, Biss might take 10,000 shts f a bug. A cmputer cmbines these small pictures int a single image. (摄像机固定在计算机控制的轨道上,这使得Biss可以拍摄一张照片,然后将相机移动7微米——大约相当于人类头发厚度的1/10——拍摄下一张照片。最后,Biss可能会拍1万张照片。计算机把这些小图片合成一张图像)”可知,Levn Biss是通过无数次的特写照片捕捉到昆虫的微观细节的。故选C项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句前文“He selected bugs that were extinct r endangered, hping his phtgraphs wuld serve as a better purpse. (他选择了已经灭绝或濒临灭绝的昆虫,希望他的照片能起到更好的作用)”说明他希望他的照片能够引起人们重视对自然界的保护,从而推知划线词句“But I think it’s my duty t shake things up and get peple t pay attentin. (但我认为我有责任shake things up,引起人们的关注)”其中划线短语意思是“让人们对大自然重视起来”。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“In the end, Biss might take 10,000 shts f a bug. (最后,Biss可能会拍1万张照片)”和最后一段中“But I think it’s my duty t shake things up and get peple t pay attentin. (但我认为我有责任shake things up,引起人们的关注)”可知,他既有耐心又有责任感。故选A项。
C
Night light frm street lamps and phnes change the bdy clck, therefre weakening the bdy’s ability t cntrl bld sugar levels and raising the risk f diabetes (糖尿病) by mre than a quarter, new research has fund.
The research was based n almst 100,000 men and wmen in China wh were expsed t artificial light while it was dark utside. Thse expsed the mst were 28 per cent mre likely t develp this cnditin because f the interference (干预) the light had n the bdy’s prductin f melatnin (褪黑激素) which affects ur sleep patterns.
Evidence is grwing that 24/7 lifestyles are seriusly damaging ur health by interfering with the prductin f melatnin. Lng-time expsure t residential utdr artificial light was linked t a rise in bld sugar levels. It was als assciated with prer functin f the cells which cntrl bld sugar.
Lead authr Dr. Yu Xu, f Ruijin Hspital, Shanghai, said, “Despite ver 80 per cent f the wrld’s ppulatin being expsed t light pllutin at night, this prblem has gained limited attentin frm scientists until recent years.”
The study estimated mre than nine millin cases f diabetes in Chinese adults can be attributed t it. A ttal f 98,658 participants underwent interviews t prvide medical, husehld incme, educatin, way f life, and family histry infrmatin. Bdy weight and height were measured t calculate BMI, and bld samples were taken t btain levels f bth fasting and after-meal glucse (葡萄糖).
Participants were assigned an average artificial utdr light expsure level fr the lcatin using satellite images. They were divided int five grups based n highest t lwest expsure. On average, fr every 42 peple living in regins with the mst light pllutin, there was ne mre case f diabetes.
Dr. Xu said, “Expsure t artificial light at night is a cmmn envirnmental risk factr in mdern scieties.” Mre than 99 per cent f peple in the US and Eurpe live under light-plluted skies. Earth’s 24-hur day-night cycle has resulted in mst rganisms, including humans, having an inbuilt circadian (昼夜的) timing system, but light pllutin has been fund t change the circadian rhythm f insects, birds and ther animals, resulting in early death and lss f bidiversity.
8. Hw can artificial light affect peple’s health?
A. It can harm peple’s eyesight.
B. It can affect peple’s sleep patterns.
C. It can weaken the functin f brain cells.
D. It can increase the prductin f melatnin.
9. What infrmatin abut the participants was cllected?
A. Wrk.B. Sleep.C. Lifestyle.D. Marriage.
10. What helped with the study?
A. Previus findings.B. High technlgy.
C. Internatinal assistance.D. Artificial chemicals.
11. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Artificial light is harming the wrld.
B. Peple are fighting against pllutin.
C. The waste f electricity is the primary issue.
D. Mst light pllutin is frm the US and Eurpe.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文,一项研究表明,人造光会影响人们的健康。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thse expsed the mst were 28 per cent mre likely t develp this cnditin because f the interference (干预) the light had n the bdy’s prductin f melatnin (褪黑激素) which affects ur sleep patterns.(暴露在人造光下最多的人患这种疾病的可能性要高出28%,因为光线会干扰人体分泌褪黑激素,从而影响我们的睡眠模式)”可知,人造光会影响人们的睡眠模式,从而增加患病几率,故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“A ttal f 98,658 participants underwent interviews t prvide medical, husehld incme, educatin, way f life, and family histry infrmatin.(共有98,658名参与者接受了访谈,以提供医疗、家庭收入、教育、生活方式和家族史等信息)”可知,参与者的生活方式信息被收集,故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Participants were assigned an average artificial utdr light expsure level fr the lcatin using satellite images.(研究人员利用卫星图像为参与者分配了该地点的平均室外人工光照水平)”可知,该研究利用了高科技的帮助。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr. Xu said, ‘Expsure t artificial light at night is a cmmn envirnmental risk factr in mdern scieties.’ Mre than 99 per cent f peple in the US and Eurpe live under light-plluted skies. Earth’s 24-hur day-night cycle has resulted in mst rganisms, including humans, having an inbuilt circadian (昼夜的) timing system, but light pllutin has been fund t change the circadian rhythm f insects, birds and ther animals, resulting in early death and lss f bidiversity.(徐博士说:‘在现代社会,夜间暴露在人造光下是一个常见的环境风险因素。’在美国和欧洲,超过99%的人生活在光污染的天空下。地球24小时的昼夜循环导致包括人类在内的大多数生物都有一个内在的昼夜节律计时系统,但人们发现光污染会改变昆虫、鸟类和其他动物的昼夜节律,导致过早死亡和生物多样性丧失)”可知,人造光是一个常见的环境风险因素,很多人生活在光污染之下,且它会导致物种死亡和生物多样性丧失,故人造光正在危害世界。故选A。
D
At first glance, it’s a scene that plays ut daily in cities acrss America. A US Pstal Service carrier steps ut f his mail truck and ges acrss the street, letters in hand. That much is unremarkable. But this pstman either desn’t ntice r desn’t seem t care that a clumsy American black bear is sitting n his haunches a few yards away, vigrusly scratching(挠,搔)his shedding winter cat hard.
It’s a phenmenn happening in urban areas acrss the United States and arund the wrld, and it’s nt unique t black bears. Cytes (丛林狼) lk befre crssing a street. Black bears knw when it’s trash day. Racns figure ut hw t pull bungee crds (弹力绳) ff trash cans.
Hwever, a number f the city bears died during a study, with vehicle strikes the leading cause. Other studies paint a less ptimistic picture. The bears in Asheville weigh mre and have mre cubs, but their yung rarely survive, resulting in net ppulatin declines. Neither is it true that humans and bears always live in harmny—even in pen-minded Asheville, the bears have killed pets and injured at least ne persn in recent years.
T learn hw residents can safely cexist with their primitive neighbrs, Strules, directr f the Urban Wildlife Institute at Chicag’s Lincln Park Z, is planning an experiment. Tw neighbrhds will be the fcus f an educatinal campaign, which encurages bear-cnscius practices such as keeping pets tied, lcking the garage, remving bird feeders, and nt appraching r feeding the animals.
Strules hpes her effrt will ffer guidance n the best way t live with the animals—bth fr them and fr us. “Wildlife belngs t everyne,” Strules says, “but we want t keep bears wild.”
12. What is happening accrding t paragraph 2?
A. Humans are teaching animals survival skills.
B. Humans and animals are living in harmny.
C. Sme wild animals are fitting int city life.
D. Many species are tired f their habitats.
13. What might be the main cause f death fr the city bears?
A. Fd shrtage.B. Lss f habitat.
C. Gain in weight.D. Rad accidents.
14. Which statement can agree with Strules’ experiment?
A. Rme was nt built in a day.B. It is never t late t mend.
C. Bad luck always cmes in threes.D. A wrk ill dne must be twice dne.
15. Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the text?
A. Wild Animals: Our New Neighbrs
B. Prtectin f the Endangered Wildlife
C. Black Bears: a Dangerus Species
D. A New Landscape in Our Cmmunity
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着大量野生动物正在迁居城市,人类是如何学会与它们共同生活的。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Cytes lk befre crssing a street. Black bears knw when it’s trash day. Racns figure ut hw t pull bungee crds ff trash cans.”(狼过马路前看了看。黑熊知道什么时候是垃圾日。浣熊想办法把蹦极绳从垃圾桶上扯下来.)可知,野生动物们正在适应城市生活。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Hwever, a number f the city bears died during a study, with vehicle strikes the leading cause.”(然而,在一项研究中,许多城市熊死亡,车辆撞击是主要原因。)可知,城市熊的主要死因是街头事故也就是车祸。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Strules hpes her effrt will ffer guidance n the best way t live with the animals—bth fr them and fr us.”(斯特鲁尔斯希望她的努力能为他们和我们提供与动物相处的最佳方式的指导。)可知,斯特鲁尔斯通过实验教会人们与熊和谐生活的方式,说明与斯特鲁尔斯的实验相一致的说法是亡羊补牢,犹为未晚。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章前两段介绍了野生动物正在迁居城市并学习一些生存技能,第三段介绍了人类导致熊的死亡,第四段和第五段介绍了人类也在采取相应的措施与他们的新邻居和睦相处。所以文章的最佳标题为“野生动物:我们的新邻居”。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fur Ways t Imprve Yur Mental Health
Mental health is yur verall psychlgical well-being. And while taking care f yur mental health can mean seeking prfessinal supprt and treatment, it als means adpting sme new methds t imprve yur emtinal health. ___16___It can bst yur md and add t yur verall enjyment f life.
Tell yurself smething psitive. Hw yu think abut yurself can have a pwerful effect n hw yu feel. When we think abut ur life negatively, we can end up viewing experiences that way. ___17___ Fr example, instead f saying “I’m such a lser”, try “I have dne my best”.
Fcus n ne thing at the mment. Being mindful f the present mment allws us t let g f negative emtins frm past experiences that weigh us dwn. Start by bringing awareness t rutine activities, such as taking a shwer, eating lunch, r walking hme. Paying attentin t the sunds, smells, r tastes f these experiences helps yu fcus. ___18___
Exercise. Exercise is a pwerful antidte (良方) t stress r anxiety. Lk fr small ways t add activities t yur day, like taking the stairs instead f the lift. T get the mst benefit, aim fr at least 30 minutes a day utdrs.___19___Plus, time in nature prves t be a stress reducer.
___20___Knwing yu are valued by thers is imprtant fr helping yu think mre psitively. Plus, being mre trusting can increase yur emtinal well-being because as yu get better at finding the psitive aspects f ther peple, yu becme better at recgnizing yur wn.
A. Open up t smene.
B. D smething fr smene else.
C. Expsure t sunlight helps yur bdy prduce vitamin D.
D. Making changes will pay ff in all aspects f yur life.
E. Instead, practice using wrds that prmte feelings f self-wrth.
F. When yur mind wanders, just bring it back t what yu are ding.
G. Dn’t wait until yu’re in a crisis t make yur mental health a pririty.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. F 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是改善心理健康的四种方法。
【16题详解】
空前说“Mental health is yur verall psychlgical well-being. And while taking care f yur mental health can mean seeking prfessinal supprt and treatment, it als means adpting sme new methds t imprve yur emtinal health.(心理健康是指你的整体心理健康。照顾好你的心理健康意味着寻求专业的支持和治疗,也意味着采用一些新的方法来改善你的情绪健康。)”说明要采取一些办法来改善情绪健康,空后说“It can bst yur md and add t yur verall enjyment f life.(它可以改善你的情绪,增加你对生活的整体享受。)”说明了做某件事的好处,空格处就应该提到这件事到底是什么,D选项“Making changes will pay ff in all aspects f yur life.(做出改变会在你生活的各个方面得到回报。)”说明了做出改变这件事,和前面采取办法改善情绪健康相呼应,也和后面的做出改变所带来的好处相一致,因此D选项承上启下,符合语境,故选D。
【17题详解】
空前说“When we think abut ur life negatively, we can end up viewing experiences that way.(当我们消极地看待我们的生活时,我们最终会以这种方式看待经历。)”,空后说“Fr example, instead f saying “I’m such a lser”, try “I have dne my best”.(例如,与其说“我真是个失败者”,不如说“我已经尽力了”。)”说明消极看待生活不好,消极地评价自己也不好,应该对自己说一些积极的东西,E选项“Instead, practice using wrds that prmte feelings f self-wrth.(相反,练习使用能提升自我价值感的词语。)”说明了应该说一些能提升自我价值感的积极的词语,承上启下,符合语境,故选E。
【18题详解】
空前说“Paying attentin t the sunds, smells, r tastes f these experiences helps yu fcus.(注意这些经历的声音、气味或味道可以帮助你集中注意力。)”,说明了有助于集中注意力的方法,F选项“When yur mind wanders, just bring it back t what yu are ding.(当你走神的时候,把它拉回到你正在做的事情上。)”说明的是要集中注意力,承接上文,符合语境,故选F。
【19题详解】
空前说“T get the mst benefit, aim fr at least 30 minutes a day utdrs.(为了获得最大的好处,每天至少在户外活动30分钟。)”说明了在户外活动能让你获得好处,C选项“Expsure t sunlight helps yur bdy prduce vitamin D.(暴露在阳光下有助于你的身体产生维生素D。)”具体说明了户外活动的好处,承接上文,符合语境,故选C。
【20题详解】
空格处是本段主题句,由空后的“Knwing yu are valued by thers is imprtant fr helping yu think mre psitively. Plus, being mre trusting can increase yur emtinal well-being because as yu get better at finding the psitive aspects f ther peple, yu becme better at recgnizing yur wn.(知道别人重视你对帮助你更积极地思考很重要。另外,更多的信任可以增加你的情感幸福感,因为当你越来越善于发现别人的积极方面时,你也会越来越善于认识自己。)”可知,本段主要讲的是要信任他人,向别人敞开心扉,A选项“Open up t smene.(向别人敞开心扉。)”概括了本段主要内容,可作为主题句,故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was wintertime 30 years ag. I was a yung father with 3 little children t supprt. My cllege educatin, hwever, didn’t ____21____ me a gd jb. Nw I was wrking in a sawmill (锯木厂) fr just abve the minimum ____22____. Every day befre I went t wrk, I wuld ____23____ band-aids arund my fingers. Wrking 8 hurs a day in the cld dry air had ____24____ cuts and scars.
That day was harder than nrmal. We were ____25____ f wrkers and the machines kept breaking dwn. We culd see ur ____26____ as the heaters weren’t wrking. When the day finally came t an end, I ____27____ my legs t my car. There I tk ff my wrk ____28____ t see my aching fingers. The cuts were wrse than ever and ____29____ leaked thrugh again. As I made a (n) ____30____ t fix it, my bad back cramped (抽筋). I had never felt that ____31____ befre. I finally started my car back hme and ____32____ fught back the tears. I wndered why life was s hard and hw ____33____ I culd keep ding this.
As I pened the dr, I ____34____ a weak smile n my face. But it sn became ____35____ as my daughter screamed a sweet “Daddy”. When she threw her little arms arund my neck, my heart ____36____ with lve. All my aches and pains disappeared in her ____37____! In that secnd I remembered again I was here fr ____38____ and I knew I culd mve n.
In ur lives, we all have ____39____ fingers and band-aid days. But with lve we can survive.____40____, wrk may give us a living, but lve gives us a life.
21.
A. shwB. guaranteeC. teachD. name
22.
A. wageB. sizeC. rderD. grade
23.
A. hangB. mveC. pullD. wrap
24.
A. applied tB. put ffC. resulted inD. cleaned up
25.
A. shrtB. awareC. prudD. fnd
26.
A. eyesB. teethC. lifeD. breath
27.
A. crssedB. draggedC. swungD. kicked
28
A shesB. unifrmC. glvesD. cap
29
A waterB. sweatC. juiceD. bld
30.
A. attemptB. excuseC. scheduleD. deal
31.
A. nervusB. sadC. angryD. lnely
32.
A. successfullyB. bravelyC. desperatelyD. simply
33.
A. lngB. wellC. snD. ften
34.
A. imaginedB. practicedC. sharedD. frced
35
A. bviusB. pureC. naturalD. inncent
36.
A. brkeB. expldedC. sankD. beat
37.
A. cryB. suggestinC. laughterD. hug
38.
A. assistanceB. cmfrtC. lveD. shelter
39.
A. slimB. bleedingC. nervusD. bent
40.
A. After allB. On averageC. In cntrastD. At last
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者作为一个年轻的父亲,为了养活家人,他到锯木厂去工作,每天繁重的工作都会让他的手指流血。但是当他回到家感受到了家的温馨和幸福时,他觉得工作的辛苦是值得的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,我的大学教育并不能保证我有一份好工作。A. shw显示;B. guarantee保证;C. teach教授;D. name命名。由上文“My cllege educatin”以及语境可知,这里指好的教育不能“保证”好的工作。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在我在一家锯木厂工作,工资刚刚超过最低工资。A. wage工资;B. size尺寸;C. rder订单;D. grade等级。由上文“didn’t 1 me a gd jb”可知,这里指作者“工资”刚刚过最低工资标准线。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:每天上班前,我都会把创可贴包在手指上。A. hang挂;B. mve移动;C. pull拉;D. wrap包裹。由下文“arund my fingers”可知,作者把创可贴“包裹”在手指上。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意:每天在寒冷干燥的空气中工作8个小时,结果留下了伤口和疤痕。A. applied t适用于;B. put ff推迟;C. resulted in导致;D. cleaned up打扫干净。由上文“Wrking 8 hurs a day in the cld dry air”可知,长时间寒冷中工作“导致”伤口和疤痕。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们缺少工人,机器不断出故障。A. shrt短缺的;B. aware意识到;C. prud骄傲的;D. fnd喜欢的。由上文“That day was harder than nrmal. ”(那一天比平常更难熬)可以推知,作者当时工作的工厂“短缺”工人。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:加热器坏了,我们可以看到我们的呼出的气。A. eyes眼睛;B. teeth牙齿;C. life寿命;D. breath呼吸的空气。由下文“the heaters weren’t wrking”可知,由于没有加热器,所以很冷,作者都能看到“呼吸出的空气”。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:当这一天终于结束时,我拖着腿来到车上。A. crssed越过;B. dragged拖动、费劲地移动;C. swung摆动;D. kicked踢。由上文“When the day finally came t an end”可知,经历一天工作后,作者很累,“拖”着脚上车了。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在那里,我摘下我的工作手套去看我疼痛的手指。A. shes鞋子;B. unifrm制服;C. glves手套;D. cap帽子。由下文“see my aching fingers”可知,作者这里脱下“手套”看手上的情况。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:伤口比以往任何时候都严重,血又流了出来。A. water水;B. sweat汗液;C. juice果汁;D. bld血。由上文“The cuts were wrse than ever”可知,这里指情况恶化,伤口处“血”流出来了。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我试图修复它时,我那糟糕的背部抽筋了。A. attempt尝试;B. excuse原谅;C. schedule日程表;D. deal交易。由下文“fix it”以及语境可知,作者这里“尝试”整理下伤口。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我以前从未有过这种悲伤。A. nervus紧张的;B. sad悲伤的;C. angry愤怒的;D. lnely孤独的。由上文“my bad back cramped (抽筋)”以及语境可知,作者当时情况很糟糕,所以感到“悲伤”。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:我终于发动汽车回家,拼命地强忍着泪水。A. successfully成功地;B. bravely勇敢地;C. desperately拼命地;D. simply仅仅。由下文“fught back the tears”以及语境可知,作者当时情况很糟糕,心里是很难受的,所以是“拼命地”强忍着泪水。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:我想知道为什么生活如此艰难,我能坚持多久。A. lng长久地;B. well很好地;C. sn很快地;D. ften经常地。由下文“I culd keep ding this”以及语境可知,作者想知道这种苦日子还需要坚持“多久”。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我打开门时,脸上勉强露出了微弱的微笑。 A. imagined想象;B. practiced练习;C. shared共享;D. frced强迫。由上文“fught back the tears”可知,作者心里并不好受,所以回家时为了不让家人担心,“强迫”挤出微笑。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但很快,当我女儿甜美地尖叫着“爸爸”时,一切都变得很自然。A. bvius明显的;B. pure纯的;C. natural自然的;D. inncent无辜的。由下文“All my aches and pains disappeared”可知,在看到女儿后,作者感觉好多了,所以笑也“自然”了。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:当她搂着我的脖子时,我的心充满了爱。A. brke打断;B. explded爆炸,迸发(感情);C. sank沉没;D. beat击败。由下文“with lve”以及语境可知,作者内心“迸发”出对女儿的爱意。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我所有的疼痛都在她的拥抱中消失了!A. cry哭;B. suggestin建议;C. laughter笑声;D. hug拥抱。由上文“When she threw her little arms arund my neck”可知,这里指作者在女儿的“拥抱”中感觉好多了。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在那一秒,我再次想起我在这里是为了爱,我知道我可以继续前行。A. assistance协助;B. cmfrt舒适度;C. lve爱;D. shelter避难所。由上文“my heart 16 with lve.”可知,这里指作者觉得他是因为“爱”而存在在那里的。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在我们的生活中,我们都会经历手指流血和创可贴的日子。A. slim苗条的;B. bleeding出血的;C. nervus紧张的;D. bent弯曲的。由上文“The cuts were wrse than ever and 9 leaked thrugh again.”可知,这里指我们人生中会经历手指“出血的”日子。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查介词词组辨析。句意:毕竟,工作可以给我们生活,但爱给我们生命。A. After all毕竟;B. On average平均;C. In cntrast相比之下;D. At last最后。由下文“wrk may give us a living, but lve gives us a life.”以及语境可知,作者这里在对上文故事进行总结,发表自己的观点,所以这里用 After all,表“毕竟”符合语境。故选A项。
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
41. The ancient twn is s peaceful that it is wrth ______ (visit) a secnd time.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】visiting
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意:这座古镇如此宁静,值得再去一次。分析句子可知,这里考查be wrth ding sth.表“值得做某事”,visit用动名词形式作宾语。故填visiting。
42. Henry tld me that there was a time_________ he stayed up every night ging ver his lessns. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:亨利告诉我,有一段时间他每天晚上都熬夜复习功课。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导定语从句,先行词是time,指时间,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语从句,所以空处需用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
43. ______ (charge) with acting dishnestly in her business, she was in lw spirits. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Charged
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于被指控在生意上不诚实,她情绪低落。分析句子结构可知,空格处需要填入非谓语动词,动词与逻辑主语之间为动宾关系,因此需要使用过去分词,表示被动。故填Charged。
44. It is a desirable annual ______ (cmpete) fr phtgraphers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】cmpetitin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意:对于摄影师来说,这是一项令人向往的年度比赛。分析句子可知,此空应填可数名词单数,cmpetitin表“比赛”,为可数名词,符合句意,在本句中作表语。故填cmpetitin。
45. When we arrive at ________ used t be called the City f Fg, we fund Lndn had cmpletely changed. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:当我们到达曾经叫做“雾都”的城市时,我们发现伦敦已经彻底改变了。分析可知空处引导宾语从句,从句缺少主语,且代指事物,应用连接代词what。故填what。
46. As everybdy knws, the ______ (lazy) a persn is, the mre things he needs t d tmrrw. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】lazier
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:众所周知,一个人越懒,他明天需要做的事情就越多。根据后面the mre things和句子结构可知,此处应为固定句型the+比较级……,the+比较级……;意为“越……就越……”,所以此处为形容词比较级形式。故填lazier。
47. Prvide ________(finance)aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】financial
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知,空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid,finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。
48. With glbal warming becming mre and mre serius, it wn’t be lng _________ sme castal cities disappear. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】befre
【解析】
【分析】本题考查语境语法应用能力。
【详解】考查时间状语从句和连词。句意:随着全球变暖变得越来越严重,过不了多久,一些沿海城市将消失。分析可知,句子结构应是固定句型“It wn’t be lng befre...”,意为“过不了多久就……”。故填befre。
49. ______ the help f ur teacher, we finished the whle wrk ahead f time. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】With
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:在老师的帮助下,我们提前完成了整个作业。分析句子可知,这里考查with the help f表“在……的帮助下”,为固定搭配,且句首时首字母应大写。故填With。
50. I’d appreciate ______ if yu can reply t my letter at yur earliest cnvenience. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:如果你能在方便的时候尽早回复我的信,我将不胜感激。分析句子可知,这里考查I’d appreciate it if…属于固定句式,表示“假如……我将不胜感激”。故填it。
51. This hspital________ (attach) t the medical cllege nearby was destryed in the fld. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】attached
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这家附属于附近医学院的医院在洪水中被毁。句中was destryed为谓语,空处为非谓语动词,非谓语动词attach和逻辑主语hspital之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填attached。
52. The plice came and brke ______ the crwd. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】up
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:警察来驱散人群。分析句子可知,这里考查break up表“(使)解散”,为固定搭配,符合语境。故填up。
53. The curse nrmally attracts abut 100 students per year, f___________up t half will be frm abrad. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whm
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意:该课程通常每年吸引约100名学生,其中多达一半来自国外。该定语从句的先行词为 abut 100 students,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作介词f的宾语,此时指代表示人的先行词用whm。故填whm。
54. At schl, sme students are active ______ sme are shy, but they can be gd friends with each ther.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】while
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意:在学校,一些学生是积极的,而一些是害羞的,但是他们也可以互相成为朋友。分析句子可知,此处表示前后两句对比,所以应用并列连词while。故填while。
55. Yu can either cme t ur club in rm 202 n the first flr, building 5 ______ call us at 023-8555955(用适当的词填空)
【答案】r
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意:您可以来我们俱乐部5号楼一楼202室,也可以致电023-8555955。分析句子可知,这里考查表“要么...要么”,为固定搭配。故填r。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 单句改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
单句改错
56. As we all knw, great changes have been taken place in my hmetwn these years.
57. The day we had been lking frward t cming at last.
58. They said gd bye t the villagers, with tears rlled dwn their cheeks.
59. Althugh the tw bys cme frm ttal different cultures, they get alng well with each ther.
60. Actually, there are such many selfless peple like ZhngNanshan arund us that they well deserve ur respect.
61. The manager, as well as his wrkers, were invited t attend the party yesterday.
62. Hwever, he is t nervus t knw what t express himself.
63. Therefre, we all think high f it and expect mre activities like this in the future.
64. Withut my belved beaches, I felt at lss and ut f place.
65. There is n dubt that these cultural relics belnged t the state shuld be returned.
【答案】56. 删除taken前been
57. cming→came
58. rlled→rlling
59. ttal→ttally 60. such→s 61. were→was 62. what→hw
63. high→highly 64. 在lss前加a
65. belnged→belnging
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查语态。句意:众所周知,这些年来我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。分析句子可知,take place表“发生”,没有被动形式。故删除taken前been。
【57题详解】
考查时态。句意:我们一直期待的那一天终于到来了。分析句子可知,句中we had been lking frward t为定语从句,而句子中cme为谓语动词,由句意可知,这里应用一般过去时。故将cming改为came。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语。句意:他们泪流满面地向村民们道别。分析句子可知,这里考查with复合结构,tears和rll dwn为主动关系,所以这里应用现在分词作宾补。故将rlled改为rlling。
【59题详解】
考查副词。句意:尽管这两个男孩来自完全不同的文化,但他们彼此相处得很好。分析句子可知,这里应用副词修饰形容词different。故将ttal改为ttally。
【60题详解】
考查固定句型。句意:其实,我们身边有很多像钟南山这样无私奉献的人,他们值得我们尊敬。分析句子可知,这里考查s many+复数名词+that… 表示“如此多的…以致于…”,为固定句型。故将such改为s。
【61题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意:经理和他的工人们昨天应邀参加聚会。分析句子可知,本句的主语The manager,为第三人称单数形式,且这里时态应用一般过去时。故将were改为was。
【62题详解】
考查疑问词。句意:然而,他太紧张了,不知道如何表达自己。分析句子可知,这里考查疑问词+t d形式,由句意可知,这里应表示不知道“如何”表达自己,所以应用疑问词hw。故将what改为hw。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意:因此,我们都高度评价它,并期待未来有更多这样的活动。分析句子可知,这里考查think highly f表“高度评价”,为固定搭配。故将high改为highly。
【64题详解】
考查冠词。句意:没有我心爱的海滩,我感到不知所措,格格不入。分析句子可知,这里考查at a lss表“不知所措”,为固定搭配。故在lss前加a。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语。句意:毫无疑问,这些属于国家的文化遗物应该被归还。分析句子可知,belng在本句中作非谓语,cultural relics与belng t为主动关系,再由句意可知,这里应用现在分词作定语。故将belnged改为belnging。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
66. 假如你是李华,你的美国笔友James写信向你询问出国留学的利弊,请你给他写一封回信。内容包括:
1. 介绍利弊;
2. 欢迎来中国留学。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear James,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear James,
Thank yu fr yur last letter asking abut studying abrad.
T be sure, there are sme disadvantages f studying abrad. Yu may suffer frm culture shck, miss yur hme and have difficulty adapting t new surrundings. Hwever, these challenges will be beneficial t yu because they can help build up yur character and be gd fr yur persnal grwth. The educatin yu gain and the experiences yu have will change yu fr the better. Besides, studying abrad helps yu gain a glbal perspective and imprve yur general cmpetence.
If yu really cnsider studying abrad, China is a gd chice, where yu will definitely have a fantastic experience.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友James写信,谈谈自己对出国留学的看法。其内容包括:介绍利弊和欢迎来中国留学。
【详解】1.词汇积累
无疑:t be sure→withut dubt
做某事有困难:have difficulty ding sth.→ have prblem/truble ding sth.
对……有益:be beneficial → be f benefit
此外:besides→ what’s mre
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:Besides, studying abrad helps yu gain a glbal perspective and imprve yur general cmpetence.
拓展句:Besides, if yu study abrad, yu will gain a glbal perspective and imprve yur general cmpetence.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hwever, these challenges will be beneficial t yu because they can help build up yur character and be gd fr yur persnal grwth.(运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】The educatin yu gain and the experiences yu have will change yu fr the better.(运用了省略关系代词的定语从句)
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